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know that Mr. Calhoun is such a man, ml that when lie is nominated for office, t hey have an opportunity, unless his op onent is a man of similar character, to u the sincerity of their petitions. That Mr. Calhoun is a statesman of t; ; first class, we need not say : and that his plans of policy would secure the peace and quietude of our Union, we are sure every man believes wha has atten tiv ly considered his course. The agi tations of the country have always l>een ?d by strong measures, bearing unc iy upon the country, and of doubt i constitutionality. The Southern icy of construing the powers of the deral Government strictly, and exer ng only those which are uuquestion y conveyed to Congress, would be as ennnentlv promotive of the prosperity as o. t iie peace and happiness of thecoun . We need statesmen whose views a ■ national; who do not depend upon blowing the flames of civil war in Rhode ■nd to please the democracy, or an ex ertion against Oregon to please the •*\ tern borderers, or a protective tarifl’ i please New England, Pennsylvania, to Louisiana, at tlio expense of justice ■all other parts of the country. A mild L expanded policy, securing liberty to ■ very citizen, and imposing necessary urthens equally upon all, is the govern nt which this great country requires. Uh Mr. Calhoun at the head of affairs, might expect an efficient, yet benig a and peaceful administration at home, i a courteous, but dignified policy a . ad. The corrupting influence of party vangements would terminate; the spoils ould cease to he divided among hungry crarnblcrs; good men will no longer be roscribed and expelled from office to ike room for party sycophants; the v. groveling passions of the vicious uid no longer be appealed to, but the triotism which ought to till every A icrican bosom. For ten years past, Mr. Calhoun lias en treated with great neglect and liab ility at the North. Both the Whig and democratic newspapers have united to disparage and misrepresent him. lbs splendid speeches have almost never been printed, but caricature sketches giv en iu their place. The friends of oilier statesmen, however much opposed to each other, have united in traducing a man whose popularity onco overshadow ed them, and who being the same man still, would hold the same rank again with hi.: countrymen, if only his course if policy was correctly delineated belorc •iem. He is however popular as lar as correct views are entertained, and we have no doubt would be again the most beloved statesman of the nation, if his character were but understood through lie country as it is in South Carolina, ilis great popularity there, in the lan guage of Mr. Senator Preston, l- is the result of his personal worth. No man becomes acquainted with him who does not love him to the bottom of his heart. - ' The election which was held in New .■ rsey on Tuesday and Wednesday has gone against the whigs. In the Legislature the democrats have n majority of G in the council, and a nut prityof 12 in the lower House. The democrats, therefore, have the Legislature, mid consequently the Gov ern >r, who is chosen by the Legislature. I’here is no Senator of the U. S. to be hesen. Congress. —The State is entitled to re members. In the first four districts "i democratic candidates were all eiect i. In the fifth district the contest was very exciting. The whole interest seems * i have been centered in the election for ougressman. Mr. Kinney, editor of he Newark Daily Advertiser, was the 'gular nominee of the Whig Convention. l;:s opponent was William Wright, also whig, but for whom the entire ino mtic vote was cast, and who is conse quently elected by a majority of 1181. Bv last evening's mail wc received additional infor tion oi'tlio result of the elections in Pennsylvania id Ohio. In Pennsylvania il is now well nseer lincd that the democratic party will have majorities i both branches of the Legislature. With regard to i ' utiers of Congress, the democrats have elected 12, luding Dr. Nes, a democrat, but who opposed the tllarly nominated democratic candidate, and the igs have elected It. One district to be heard a, the23.l, in which it is reported the democratic i i-iidate has succeeded ; if «o the delegation will nsist of 13 democrats and Ji whigs. The information from Ohio is more favorable than previously received. The democrats have elected 12 embersofOongress and the whigs 9: the State be ing entitled to 21 members. With regard to the .■'gislature, it is doubtful yet which will have the isjority on joint ballot. It is however believed, that ;ere will be a tie or a majority of 2 for the demo crats. The charter •U nion in the city of Baltimore went ill favor of the whigs. — Constitutionalist. Philadelphia, Oct. ?t!i, ISI3. Vo Hit Editor of Hit Cornier 4* Enquirer: Sir —ln the Pennsylvania Enquirer, of the 3d inst, I find an editorial para graph stating, that among the papers of the late Judge Cooper, of South Caroli na, was found an original manuscript c >py of the famous “ Sunday Mail Re port,” in the hand-writing of the late Judge, and indirectly intimating that he was the author. cLc. Now, to set all right as regards the author of that “Re port,” permit me to observe that my late iertd Judge Cooper, was not the author of that “Report,” although he was pres ent, and read it previous to its being pre sented to the Post Ollice Committee iu Congress for their approval, and made ,'iis comments thereon, but the author of that “Report” was a member from Georgia, and late a Senator in Congress from that State. If any of your readers doubt the fact, let a com nunication be lressed to the Hon. Andrew Steven son of Virginia, who was the able Speak er of the lower House in Congress at the tune Ihe “Report was drawn up and presented by Col. Johnson, as Chairman of the Post Ollice Committee. With great respect, Your obd’t humble servant, J. C. L., of Pa. AC&ISTJ3 tmzes zmm WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 25, IS Id. FOR PRESIDENT OF TIIE XMTEI) STATES. JOHN C. CALIIOUN, FOR VICE-PRESIDENT: I„KV1 WOODBFBY. THE SEASON. Wc arc truly, anil emphatically,suffering for want of rain. The duration of the drought with which wc have been visited, and which still continues, we have almost, in despair, ceased to calculate. We are drier than a well kept powder-horn, or the remainder biscuit aitcr « twelve years ciri umnavigation of the globe. Dust, dust—nothing but dust. It hang* over us like a canopy, particularly in Cotton Avenue, our animated mart, and so intcr|>oscs between the nearest objects and our visual orlis that it would require a Telescope of ilcrschcll-like power, to discover if we are in tin land of the living or not, or making an serial tour on a fog bank. And then its impalpable particles—they insinuate themselves into all our or gans of sense —into the very pores of our body, until respiration becomes difficult and oppressive, and the only relief atTorded us, if it comes at all, is a violent fit of sneezing or expectoration, suffi’ient to tear your lungs to pieces. Hark ! even now wo hear an unfortunate wight, across the street, thundering a nasal explosion loud enough, were it strong enough, to blow off the roof of Ilia head, and in the distance you can hear vollies of snorting like the repeated dis charges of musketry. O, for a copious shower to lay this Demon Dust. But to descend from mock heroics—the dry weather which we have for many weeks past experienced, has hern any thing but comfortable, and has added noth ing to the heal' hos the city. On the contrary, it has increased the epidemical influenza, which has been prevailing among us for some weeks past—and if a favorable change does not shortly take place, we are apprehensive that our sick li-t will notliediminishcd. In the early part cf last week wc had two or three sharp and biting frosts, which were succeeded by a spell of “Indian summer,” which still con'inucs.— Toe transition was sudden and great—a difference of some 20 or 30 degrees, we reckon. But, as the old sawsays.it is a had wind that blows no body any irood —and we can, at least console ourself with the reflection, that it has been and still is a most capital season for picking out Colton, and that very few ca ses of mortality have occurred among us. ELECTION RETURNS. The several statements of the returns of the late elections vary so much, that we have concluded if would be more acceptable to our readers to want un til we received the official table from Milletlgeville, when we will be enabled to present them with a cor rect and authentic exhibit. It is pretty well ascer tained, however, that the Whigs have succeeded in carrying the Legislature by a majority of about forty in the [louse and two or three in the Senate; and that they have elected their Governor and members to Congress by majorities exceeding 3000. MR. CLAY’S LAGRANGE LETTER. Wc have neither room nor time t» notice this strange produ tion in our present issue. It shall he att. tided to in our next DESTRUCTIVE FIRE IN MONTICELLO. A report is current in the city, that the largest and most valtuele portion of Alonticcllo, Jasper countv, has been consumed by lire. It is stated that goods to the amount of from thirty to fifty thousand dollars were destioyed. No particulars mentioned. FIRE ON TIIE CENTRAL RAIL-ROAD. We understand that on Sunday night last, about one hundred bales of cotton were destroyed by fire at the Seventy Mile Station. governor McDonald. A correspondent of the Macon Telegraph has sug gested this gentleman to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Col. John Millen. Avery good sug gestion we think. FROM CHINA. A letter from the U. S. Ship Constellation, dated Manilla Bay, May Gth, says, that just before the leaving China, the Commander addressed a commu nication to the Viceroy of Canton, relative to Amer ican affairs and interests, and that the Viceroy ap peared to lie of opinion that A inericans will enjoy tl e same pri\ileges as other foreigners, without the ne cessity of treaty stipulations. Our Government, however, we presume, would a lectlc rather have her interests secured hv treaty stipulations than Try the niddity-noddings of a Chinese Mandarin. Assuran ces were reiterated that the claims of our citizens for damages sustained in the December riot at Canton, would he promptly paid at the stipulated time. THE CLAY FORGERY. Some of the Clay papers still continue to circulate the base forgery, which would make the departed sage of Monticello endorse the political reputation of Mr. Clay. It certainly argues a very corrupt state of political society, when the friends ofthe latter gen tleman are reduced to the desperate necessity of re publishing forged certificates of his character. CHARGE D’AFFAIR3 TO SARDINIA. NVe learn from the Lexington (Ky.) Gazette, that R. Wickliflc, jr., to whom the appointment of Charge d'Affaires to Sardinia has been tendered, will accept the office. The Gazette says, that “the President has made a very judicious selection, and secured the services of a gentleman of high and patriotic feeling, and every way qualified to do creJit to his country abroad both by the ability with which he will main tain her interests, and the firmness with which he will maintain her honor.” DEATH OF SENATOR LINN. This distinguished Senator died at his residence in St. Genevieve, on the 3d inst. The Augusta Constitutionalist says, wc have to ( announce the death of Mr. I’. W. Mathews, a re|>- rrsentative elect to the State Legislature from the county of Lumpkin. This gentlemen died at his residence in Auraria, on Friday last, much regretted by all the citizens of that section of the State for his . excellent qualities and unbending integrity. w c are informed that Israel Bird, I’sq. member ! elect to the next Legislature, departed this life on j \V ednesdaj last, at his residence in Bryan county. I Sawirtoh Gtorgian i 20 th. irut. j THE ELECTORAL ELECTION. The Act of our Legislature to proscribe the mode of choosing the Electors of President and Vice Pres ident of the IT.l T . S. must be altered by the ensuing session, or an extra session will have to he called to carry out its provisions—and, as this would involve a great and unnecessary expenditure of money, we presume that such in alteration of the act will he made as to suit its provisions to the biennial sessions which are hereafter to take place. The act as it now stands, make# k tie duly of the Governor, on the eighteenth day sAmt the elections shall have taken place, to lay before both branches of the General Assembly a consolidated tciurn of the persons voting, &c. and immediately to worify the Electors of their election, and require thsOr attend ance at the scat of government, on the Monday pre ceding the first Wednesday in December, to vote tor a President anti Vice President of the United istalca. It is provided, in the event of none ofthe persons votcJ for having received a majority, the General Assembly shall proceed by joint ballot to the election of Eln tors; and in the event of a majority of th* votes not having been givsn to a number of the per sons voted for, equal to the whole numli’rof Electors to which the State is entitled, that number shall be supplied by the General Assembly, who shall proceed to elect by joint ballot a number of Electors, who with those having received a majority of votes, shall lie equal to the whole number of Presidential Elec tors to which the State is entitled. And, it is further proviJed that in case of the death of any of th* Elec tors, or of their declining to accept the appointment, &c. it shall be the duty ofthe Legislature to fill the vacancy by joint ballot. It will thus be seen that the provisions of the ex isting act cannot he executed without convening on extraordinary session ; and as this would saddle the State with a heavy and unnecessary expense, it is hoped that the approaching session will take the sub ject into early consideration, and so change and re model the act as to give it full efficacy, without re sorting to the supererogatory work of a called session- MR. CALHOUN AND MR. VAN BUREN. Most especially do wr invito the attention of our Democratic fiiends to the third nun her of “RIP RAPS” on our first page. The able author com mence* with a lucid analysis of tiie unequ. 1 opera tions of the protective Tariff of the Whigs, and' strongly sets forth the consequent injury and injus tice inflicted by that odious measure upon th* great interests of the South. 11c then |K>inls to tha ele vation of Mr. Calhoun to the Presidency as the su ,re«t and most effectual means of correcting the mal administration of our National affairs, and of dispen sing equal and exact justice to each and every mem ber of our wide-spread confederacy. “Rip Raps” view ; the contest as between Mr. Calhoun and Mr. Van Buren alone, and runs a parallel between them and their relative prospects, in which he makes a critical estimate of tiie elections in 1810, for the pur pose of shewing tiie decided advantages which would result fiom the nomination of Mr. Calhoun. “ Rip Raps” is a profound thinker, and a clea 1 ', de liberate, analytic and energetic reasoner. His style is elegant and impressive, and hi* intimate ae.ju.rtnt a:ice with political statistics, if we may so tern them, imparts so much truth to his premises and deduct ins, that we rise from their perusal sat’.ficd that they must ire correct. In our next, wc will present our readers with his fourth and most able and splendid number. As another and beautiful tribute to the lofty en dowments of Mr. Calhoun, and the high moral influ ence which the purity of his life and actions would operate upon our national character both at home and abroad, we refer the reader to the article from the New York Journal of Commerce, which will be found on the same page with that of Rip Raps. CHEERING!—THE OLD DOMINION. The following paragraph from the Pctrrburg Re publican of the lllh inst, evinces a return to that harmonious a lion and feeling that should always characterise the conduct of the gre.it Jeffersonian Democracy of the Union. It augurs well for the success of pure and correct principles, and is an an erring index of the rapid advances which Mr. Cal houn is making in the best affections of a State, which has given to mankind two of its brightest ex am; lers and patriotic benefactors— Wxsiiikoton and Jefferson; “DEMOCRATIC MEETING IN RICHMOND. Yesterday evening the Democracy of Richmond metal the City Hull, and organised a Democratic Association. Our worthy old friend, Capt. Win. D. Wren, was appointed President, Air. Posher and Col. Wicker, Vice Presidents. The meeting was addressed by the Editor of the Republican, Air. Cas kie, Mr. Crump, Mr. Alunford, Air. Young, and the Editor of the Enquirer. The best spirit prevailed, and every thing argued a determination on the part of the Richmond Democracy to do their duty in the coming contest Avery large Clay audience had assembled for the purpose of witnessing a division in our ranks, or to use their own classical and elegant phrase, a “dog fight”—these good people were un fortunately disappointed, and from wliat we saw last night, we venture to predict that the Democratic As sociation of 1813, will doas the Democratic Associa tion of 1810 did, conquer the Log Cabin, and carry the Old Dominion for the Democratic nominee.” A CARD. grtf LEGS & CO., tender their respects to the Municipal Authorities of the City, and inform them th xt there will he an exhibition of Ground and Lofty Tumbling at the HOLE IN THE PAVE, near the corner of Cherry and Fourth streets, this evening at 5 o’clock P. Al. Gumbo Sam will make his appearance on the in teresting occasion, and after performing the celebra ted dance of Zip Coon, will jump into the HOLE and dislocate his ancles and as quick as lightning, immediately afterwards, jump hack again with the bones firmly reseated in their sockets. After the ex ecution of this astonishing feat, Gumbo Sam, with a magnetic apparatus, expressly constructed for the purpose, will concentrate the impalpable dust with which our atmosphere is now surcharged and fill up the HOLE IN THE PAVE free gratis for nothing. lip Tickets, SftjOO.-CuilJ.cn, half prise. WHIG ANTICIPATIONS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES. It is not a little arnu-ing to notice the swaggering, the inebriated exultation, and the magnificent scenes of future and permanent domination—the Whig ora cles and their deluded followers, arc indulging, pend ing their temporary success.—A Whig Governor — forty majority in the House—two in the Senate—ail the State House Officers—all the Judges—as Geor gia goes, so goes the Union. llenry Clay in the Presidential Chair, a sweeping majority in both branches of Congress, a Biddle U. S. Bank, Assumption of tiro hundred milium of State debts, Distribution of the land revenue among the States, a splendid National debt, say five *r six hun dred million, paralysis the veto power, all the spoils, all the loaves anil fishes, all the jobs, all the contracts, alt, all to themselves. —“ Visions of glory, spare t eir asCflng sight”—Oh, dear! Oh dear ! Then will the Milieaiu il of Ne.v light Whiggery and Old light Federalism be consummated, and the democrats, poor wights, must creep about to find unhonored graves, or succumb to the fate assigned by the Hon. John M. Berrien, (in his great Nullifying speech in oar Court House) to those who resisted Nullification, namely, they must submit, or emigrate. And mark it reader, this indulgent and considerate sentence, was pronounced by the orator, upon the very men who, now in the shape of L T nion Whigs, have cho sen him for their chief and oracle. “Mr. Berrien say.—this, Mr. Berrien says that, there’s no mis take! Is not that all sufficient I” As an individual, as a gentleman, none hold Mr. Berrien in higher estimation than we do, hut the ul tra federalism ofhis political life, except a compara tively short interlude of ultra Nullification, are too well, too generally known, to need additional evi dence. With the intermission noted, Air. B. has for the lust thirty-five years, been the acknowledged head ofthe Federal party in this State—lie is now the un doubted head of tile Whigs in G'eotgia. He is the personification of their creed, and the zealous apostle ill diffusing their doctrines; the r eteran Federalist, the unro npro,lining Whig, in the same [arson. The choice of this gentleman as their Senator, as the President of their Convention, and as the ac credited chief ol tlie AVliig party, settles the identity of Federalism and New light Whiggery. Were oth cr proof necessary, we have enough and to spare at their service. Far be from us the ungracious office of applying the opprobrious term Federalist, to the thousands of our republican fellow-citizens, who have been betrayed and crimped into the Federal ranks. No, no, we arc speaking of the men, who deceived them, ofthe Whig leaders. But to return to the gasconading pean the Whigs are singing, the dawnings of the paradisical state of Federalism, our imaginative friends, the Whigs, ate luxuriating in. The insane anticipations of Hassan. the glass ped lar, in tiie Arabian Nights, were rati nal to these day dreams cf Whiggery. But what will the American people, from whose diminished comforts, or increased necessities, the Clay system can alone be supported, say to the schemed What will they do in the premises 1 Will the Grain and Cotton, and Cattle farmers—the Mer cantile, A'jricullural and Shipping interest, tamely submit to have their prosperity blasted, to curse their country, with a domineering dictator, a bribed and servile Congre.-s, an army of office holders ami a moneyed aristocracy, too wealthy and power.til tor the safety of a republic and Will not the farmers of the West and the eotton growers ol the South, recol lect in time, that for every bale of foreign merchan dize excluded from our ports, by the present exorbi tant tariff, a proportionate sunoupt of their cotton and provisions remain on hand, or must he sold at losing m ices. Will the American people longer tol erate a system, which, while it depresses and withers the staple interests of the country, diminishes the revenue and combined with the extiavagant ex,end ilure contemplated by the Whigs leads inevitably to heavy direct taxa’ion and In forty-four, the people will meet the Whigs at the hallol-tiox and marshalled under the banner of Low Duties. Retrenched Expenditures, Free Trade. Cal houn and the Constitution, sweep the leaders into merited obscurity. REPUDIATION, Ac. Just as the canvass of the recent election began to wax warm, and when the plan of the campaign was pretty well defined, it was our chance to have a little confabulation with one of our antagonists, as to the question, “ l/ou> iciil go the War / 1 ’ He was a free, frank, and undisguised parlizan, as all Soldiers of Fortuwe are, and after a little skir mishing, pro el cun., he, unreservedly,observed to us, “ AVe will whip you.” Being somewhat skeptical, wc, very modestly, course, put in a demurrer, and replied, “Impossible! You haye got no Rank of the Uni ted States, with its Hydra-headed brandies and agen cies to help you out—and, you know my line fel low,that log-cabins, eoon-skiss, red pepper and hard cider have had their day.” “ 1 know it,” he promptly replied, “but are yo . so remarkably verdant, that you are to be told at this ! late day, tint there are more paths to the wood titan one 1 We humbugged vou in 1840, and we will I humbug you in 1843. Our Harry of the West has i more ways than one to stock his cards.” “ But,” we asked, “ will you not concede the pen- j pie. some intelligence—some discrimination some I I political virtue—and, does it not moreover enter into \ your calculation, that it is probable we may put them ; upon their guard, and thereby defeat your strategy I” ; “Yes,” continued he, “all these little estimates j enter into our calculation—but. like the Cat in the i fable, we will roll ourselves into the meal-tub and i whiten our claims to public confidence. With prom ises, we will not only pay the debts of the people, hut j we will pay the debts of the (Rates, and also the i debts of all such Corporations as may desire help, in addition to the peculiar and exclusive privileges al- | ready conferred upon them by their charters—and, j after having done all this, the minds of the people j will be prepared to receive the multiplied charges of inconsistency, corruption, &c., which we mean to ■ luing against Mr. Calhoun, and other distinguished I Democrats, not forgetting Alatty of Kinderhook. It is thus we will whip you. It is easier to humbug the people titan you imagine; and that too, time after time, repeatedly, if you will but only masquerade it aright, and always appear in a new domino, when the old one is worn out anti detected. 'File people are ~ftrn duped by promises —se-dotn by reasoning.’’ He here suddenly closed his little lecture upon polit ical ethics, turned a|>on his heel, and humming the beautiful and popular air of “ My old shoe, And Tippecanoe,” waved us a TalleyranJic adieu, with indiscribabh tact and grace. The aliove is not a Fancy St.ctch —it really occur red, and has been forcibly recalled to uor recollection by the following true and well-timed remarks which appear in a laic New York Evening Post. They go to prove in connection with other measures of policy adopted by our adversaries, that, to effect the eleva tion of Air. Clay to the Presidency, they will use all means within their reach to delude the pcoj.lc; and that they, our adversaries, stand ready to sacrifice every mor.il and constitutional obligation, if they can but obtain the “had eminen o” anti object at which they aim—that eminence and object contemplate the adoption of our Elate Sovereignties into a Consolida ted Federal Government, before which they would make the [H-ople full down and worship. The Old Federalists of the North and East have since our recent Election, already hailed Georgia as a Protec tive Tariff State—a Clay State; and. as their hopes of a regular built United States Batik are annihilated, they are now actively engaged in endeavoring to make the Treasury of the Federal Government an swer the same purpose by a process of political arith metic and financial alchemy in which Mr. City is re cognised as the most consummate adept that ever graduated in the Biddle School. From the New York Evening Post. Not long since, a fellow entered a house in the up|»’r part ofthe city, under the pretence of being a di-lril.utor of tracts, and carried off two coats and an umbrella. A linost all dishonest designs arc cloaked under some show of philanthropy. A convict in tile State prison, whose letter was intercepted the other day, desired his friend to get up a petition relating to Sunday Schools, and, having obtained a few thou sand signatures, to cut them oft', anil attach them to a petition for his pardon. Wc remember an instance in which a very pious utan had his pocket picket! by a fellow who was lalkingto him very earnestly about the new birth. The knaves of the political world are as much al home in these stratagems as any set of men what ever. When you find them seized, of a sudden, with fervent zeal on some point of morality, you may take it for granted that they have a design in il A vehement zeal has lately blazed forth in regard jto the payment of the debts of the States. Men who have all their lives been indifferent to the obli gations they are under to their own creditors -cool, placid, contented debtors—magnanimous spendtlnifts who hold the maxim of Ralph Bigod, in Clu b Lamb s Essays, ‘that money kept longer than lltret i days stinks;‘ borrowing wherever they could coax i motley into their bunds, and taking no more thought of repayment than the lilies ofthe field —have sud j * * denly become the great suppo ters of pecuniary faith, ! have made speeches against the enormity of being in : debt; anti declared il’lltey belonged to a debt r Mute. | they would work their arms to the elbows, such was I the exquisitely chosen phrase of a great orator—and faceall tile miseries of penury, before they would s’! | down under the ignominy of repu barton. Journ di ts who have always acteJon the tnaxim of ,J neient Pis ; to], ‘base is the slave that pays’—can now conceive J of not ling so profligrate as the conduct of the State which neglects to pay its bonds. One would sup pose, if he were to take lite r word for it, that insol j vency was some rare, unnatuial crime, almost un heard of in society, and that they who were guilty of it were regarded with more horror than they who had committed parricide. While all this ranting lias been going on, we have quietly asked ourselves, what next 1 Whose closet to he plundered now 1 whose pocket is to he picked 1 what robbery ate these preachers of morality medila ting 1 what scene of political knavery is to follow this sudden gush of honesty l The secret is at length disclosed. These deed din ers, who make insolvency worse than murder, are I hut the van guard of Cost Johnson and his scheme, j Mr. Johnson has just made a speech in Maryland, 1 in which he renews ids proposal to charge tiie debts ofthe states upon toe treasury ol the eric al Gov eminent. Ilissgcecn is published in the National ! Intelligencer. The Baltimore American comes out j in defence of it. and social of the W! ig presses at the North have followed in the sane tr.ick. The pi n has evidently been to Ihlcn e public , opimon n regard lo tin* enormity oi' tate insolven cy, by connected appeals of every kind; and thin by tiie aid of the feelings so excited, lo carry the pi nos plundering the national treasury and the sol vent States. We are satisfied, for the present, with having pointed out the hvpocricv ofthe proceedings ; at another time we may remark upon the arguments with which the scheme is attempted to lie justifiel, OUR FIRE DEPARTMENT. 1 he recent destructive conflagrations in Mooticel loand New Orleans, should admonish us to he vigi lantly u;s>n our guard against similar visitations.— ; Wc believe that our Fire Department, and its appa ralusgenerally, are not in that state of organization they should he, tnenahlr us successfully to encoun ter a sudden emergency. AVe have heretofore called the attention of our citizens and the Municipal Au thorities to this important subject, and hope they will no longer neglect to give it full and due consideration. Bince writing the above, wc arc glad to per ceive that the City Council hits adopted a llcsoluticn for the re-organiztion of the Fire Department upon some piacticul and efficient plan THE “O. IU.-.” Since the result of our late Election, these old ini tials have been sported in great glee by the Whig Federalists. “Now, (says the Portland American,) there are several meanings to those cabalistic signs One of these w< give as ajiproprtate to the late vic tory : “ O. A.” “ Oil Korrupt.” Or, if the Federalists adopted th» ui*J hard cidar motSe of electioneering, it would .i»ran. “"o. a; 1 “ Oil KornedA lion. i.tctiAßD H Wilde, is shortly to leave litis, hts native State, and lake up his residence in New Orleans, with a view of pursuing hi# proieszton. THE DISTRICT SYSTEM &c. In our last we proposed that a call should be made l upon the Democratic Parly in our approaching Le gislature, for the p urpunc of referring the election o* Delegates to the Convention at Baltimore to the peo ple by apportioning tiie State into Distrits, either hy our friends in the legislature or by a Convention ti/ be held for the purpose, sometime in March or early in April next. We now renew the proposition more particularly,-with a view of eliciting the opinions of our democratic coreniporartc*, relative to this im-' poriant subject, upon which, wc hope, sonn aarly ai.cf decisive action will he had. The District System gives lull and unrestricted play to the exercise of the elective franchise, and .T therefore the best mode that could be adopted to’ ascertain the legitimate wishes of the people. It gives them a fair chance ol reaisin" ficir votes, and precludes, as far as it is possible to preclude the little' low and corrupt schemes of Log Hollers, which would barter away art honest expression of public opinion, by covertly chaffering for and selling il in the politi cal market to the highest bidder. This abominable abuse ofthe freedom of election should be corrected by bringing the immediate vote of the people more directly in contact with the candidate voted for ns is contemplated by the District System. Indeed no other mode could give so full and fair an expression of public sentiment, unless our Chief Magistrate was elected by a direct vote from the people themselves —a measure which was proposed, and ably advocat ed by the Hon. Air. McDuffie, during his former sittings in Congress. It must wc think be evident to to the most superficial discrimination that the farther the votes of the people are removed from the candF date voted for the greater becomes the dan erof ihrir votes being vitiated by a:i irresponsible man agement, a management that might have the power as well as inclination to transfer to B. the suffrages nl a State, three fourths of which were intended C., should it suit the selfish and aggrandising spirit of a bargaining and corrupt Coalition do so. These are some of our reasons lor preferring the District System—and as regards the time we have suggested for carrying it into effect wc think it the best dial could be possibly selected. For if our Delegates are elected in March or April next, they wilt then go fresh lrotii the people, and will he cloth ed with a power and moral influence wiiich they can. wield with full lorce and effect. We are well aware that in recommending this course it is probable that Mr. Calhoun may lose a vole or two iu Georgia. Bui this is of secondary consideration with us, a . il is, wc have good reason for believing, with all the true and reflecting friends of that eminen. Statesman throughout the Union. — In contending for the System, wc base it upon i.s intrinsic merits alone because wc view it as the only mode through which the most direct expression of public semiincut can, under existing circumstances, be attained, and one that is belter lakulaicd tuan any other to give equal weight and full efficacy to the representation principle of our contcdcralid Government. Besides, it is more in accordance, and harmonises belter, with the doctrines and prin ciples ol the Democratic State Rights School; and, althoug h we repose unlimited confidence in tiie gen tlemen nominated by the last Convention, and would willingly trust to them the vote of Georgia, yet, wc teel conscious, that we could more effectually sub serve the great cause we are balding for, by pursu ing the plan we have taken the liberty to suggest. We then, once more, most respectfully urge our p.oposi.ion to the serious consideration of the De mocratic Press and people, and would be glad to hear the responses ot tiie former as soon .IS possible. ATTENTION CALHOUN MEN. Below we publish the Prospectus of anew paper to be published in the city of New which will advocate the cause of Free Trade and Democratic principles in tne most able and vigorous manner A primary object too will he the elevation o'i ou. patri ot statesman, Jons U. C.ci.Bui s, to the highest office n the gift of a fr« e people Among’ the most efficient means of supporting our principles, is that of sus taining ami circulating deaiocr tic p:'|>crs Uat lt an.! every one of us could and should do something in tins way, it it ih suhsciihiiig lor oiny one paper VVe earnestly rcqmst our t'ncmfs iu (Ursd tLetr patron age liberally to this our organ m the great commer cial metropolis of the Union. While upon this sub jwt we might mention tliat it is essential to our in terest to sustain an influential organ at Washington and for this pur|>oee we recommuieiKl to the patron ags of our frit mis, the Wasiii.vcton Sp-f.ltatoh, as every way worthy of their confidence ami sop port. Wc have a -übscription list of the New York pa . anti wil ~ke pleasure in forwarding any sub - ■r.j.tions that nay be plucust n our hands. C IRCIi L A R . The rime has arrived, when, it lias become neces sary for the Friends ot Free Trade to unite in sus taining their cause. The coniinercial community and agricultural pop ulation of the country, have been subjected to the operation of an unequal and unjust Tariff Law. A law, admitted by its framers ami advocates, to have bccit hastily devised and hurriedly acted on, forced through Congress at the close of an extia session, a.ml adopted by a single casting vote. A law, which makes lorced loans from importers, in the way of cash dudes, amounting on an average to 30 per cent, of their capital. A law, which by heavily taxing ma terials used in ship building, being equal to per ton, which, on a vessel of fiOQ tons, amounts to the enormous sum ot 83,500 is driving our ships from the foreign carrying trade. Foreign and cheaper built I vessels monopolize to a great extent, the business i which was formerly done by . ur ships. ! The friends of Free Trade, contend that justice to the Merchants, Ship Builders, and Ship Owners, and to the Farmers ot tiie country, demands an immedi ate modification of this oppressive Tariff Law. They coutend, that, the Agricultural and Commercial in terests of the United Slates are indissolubly united. That, the pros, erity and extension of trade and com merce, necessarily promotes the extension and pros perity of agriculture. They believe the power granted to Congress by the Constitute ti, to regulate commerce, was not in tended to be used for its deslruc ion. They believe it bad policy for the government, in time of profound peace, under pretence of passings revenue bill, to pass a bill destroying revenue, and tlirn borrow money wiili which to carry on tilt gov* eminent, and at the same time laying the foundation of a targe public debt. They belt ve a crisis lias been reached in the af fairs of the country, when these measures must be nu t, resisted and ovctcome, by the united and effi eiem action of tiie lriendsof free trade. From the signs of the limes, should the advocates of commercial restriction and unequal taxation, suc ceed in electing their candidate for the Presidency, the disastrous result will be, that we shall have the severe grievances of which we justly complain, tau tened upon us as the pcrinancui policy of the coun "T- To avoid an event fraught with such evil conse quences, it behooves us to unite with others in the support of a Free Trade Candidate for the Presiden cy. The time for action is short. In a tew mote months, an individual may be selected, as Presidium whose opinions, power and influent e, might he tear fully exerted against us. Or otic, whose views, fecl iugs and opinions coincide with our own. Something should be done. At the present time, the Picss of this city occupies a position unlavorabl* to the success of our cause. Toe necessity lor a new paper is evideut, from the fact that al present* none of the papers of this ciiy advocate to the lull extern, and with sufficient r nergy and zeal, the pnn ciples for which •-'c contend. A paper of tins character seems at the present juncture indispensable, it should lie in its endsaud aims, essentially a Free Trade paper; audaithe same