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Ta Youths. Boys, do you ever Ihitilc that in a four short years all Rio .cultivation of this vast globe will be in your hands? That all the.bread, meat, clothing, fruits, vegetables and flowers, must be made through your energy and industry? It is not then worth while to enquire into ftho nnttiro of plants and of soils? You fill know that trees produce fruit, wood, bark, loaves and roots. Did you ever think, when pluck' ing the downy peach, or mellow, juicy apple, what the leaf was placed on tho limb lor ?— You know that the roots are important to tho life of the treoj do you not know lhat tho loaves aro equally so ? You remember some dry summer, when tho garden was quite burned up, how green tho trees still kept ?— What think you preserved them ? Why, when tho ground was so dry that tho roots could find no moisture, the lenves opened their ten thousand mouths nnd sucked in the moist gases of tho atmosphere, sustaining tho tree by the breathing loaf. What, havo leaves got mouths? You ask. Yes, nil loaves have mouth*, through which they liroathe tho at mosphere around us. There aro some with mouths or pores on both upper nnd under side, nnd some on only one side. One hun dred and sixty thousand pores havo been counted in tho leaf of the hydrnngm, the syrningo and tho lilac. You now see tho utility of the loaf in ner/bcl/ilg tho fruit nnd wood of f trces. Thoro are perhaps gown men that have never though ol this, and who think that the roots aro iho only medium through which tho tree feeds. But tho light of science is now beaming over tho land, and boys may learn what their fathers did not know. Remember, hoys, that there is nothing ap pertaining to the earth’s culture but what you are directly interested in. Soon all the vast machinery ofngirculturo, arts nnd mechanics will be in your hands, You must bo either producers or consumers— therefore interested in bringing the great art of producing to I lie highest stale of perfection. You aro taught in the schools tho highest principles of trndo commerce, but that vt hich mukts nil trade nnd commerce is neglected. Say not intend to be farmers ; you liuvn got to bo fod nnd clothed, and bow will that bo done without tho funner ? It is not alone tho utility of agricultural study thnt wo would commend to boys, hut its beauty, also. Study it then, boys, if nut from books, Irom nature ; and tomember that nn enquiry once started in pur suit of light and truth, goes on like the ac cumulating snow ball,gathering all in its way, until iho stmpio enquiring bny of to-day, be comes tho enlightened man of to-morrow — We will lolk more about this in the February number. A New-Kind op Fence.—Mr. John R. Remington, of Montgomery, Alabama, ('he inventor of the Remington iErial Budge) has patented a new and useful invention. It is a cement, for making solid fencos, as durable as granite, and at a very reasonable cost of construction. The chief ingrodient is sand, and It can be easily manufactured by planta tion hands. The cement is to bo located, and the two legs of each let into the ground liko common post. Tho cost to tho planter is estimated at 10 cents per panel of ten feet by five-four inches thick—far cheaper than the wire fence, ft does not, or least should not detract from iho merit o( this invention that hails from Alabnmu, this time, rather than from ‘Maine or Pennsylvania, or that the modest little town of Montgomery ventures competition with tho great manufacturing cities of the Bast for the honor of originating some of the useful discoveries of the ago.— Charleston Courier. Sermon at theOpenino of a Rail-Road. —At the recent opening of the Cincinnati, Columbus and Cleveland Rail-Road, Rev Dr. Aiken,of Cleveland, preached a sermon on the occasion, llis texe was m Nahum it. 4th “The chariots shall rage in the Blreet, they shall jostle one against another in the broad ways, they shall seem like torches, they shall run ITke lightning.” Modern Science.—“Do you think people are troubled as much with fle-boltoma:y now doctor, as they used to bo before thoy discov ered the anti-bug bedstead 1” asked Mrs. Part ington of a doctor of tho old school, who at tended upon the family where she was stay ing. “Phlebotomy, madam,” said the doctor gravely,“is a remedy, not a disease.” “Well, well,” replied she,“no wonder one gets ’em mixed up, there is so many of, em; w e nover hoard in old times of trousers in the throat, or embargoes on the head, or neurolo gy all over us, or consternation in the bowels, as we do now-a days But it’s an ill wind that don’t blow no body no good, and the doctors flourish on it like a green base tree. But of course they don’t have anything to do with it —they can’t make ’em como or go.” The doctor step) ed out with n gconleel bow, nnd the old lady watched him till his cabriolet turned /lie conic-, her mind revolved on the intricate subject of cause and eikcl. A Naval Aid.—A person, on whom the le npernnee reformation had | r dared no effect entered in a state of exhilaration, a temper ance grocery in a neighboring town “Mr,—’exclaimed ho ‘do you—keep any thing good to take here ?’ ‘Yes,’ replied the merchant,‘wo havo some excellent cold water: the best thing in the world to lake.’ * Weill know it,’ replied the Bacchante there’s—nothing—that’s done so much for navigations as that. Fatal Affray in Edgefield.—We learn the following particulars of a horrid shooting nflair, which occurred in Edgefield District, on the 25th in's. The pat ties engaged In it ivero Elbert Hardin, William Treadaivay, Win. Wilson and S'ophe.i Wilson. It appears that tho difficulty arose between the Wilsons, and the other two persons mentioned, in re gard to' the line fence bewteen their planta tions. The Wilsons proceeded to move tho fence furlher in on their own land, when Mr Burdin discovered it , and forbade them— | threatening, at the same time to cut oil the 1 hands of tho negfoes-, who were moving (lie rails. YYilson ordered tho npgroes to pro ceed, whfch they did- * J "Mrs. Hardin thfen sent off for Hardin and Preadawny. On their arrival, it seems lhat resisted the moving ot the fence—Har- ' .(lacking the Wilsons with ajrail. Win. m ’ Treadavvny having guns. The fy shots Wilson's taking .■wi.o.socduel!, moi- Since the above was written, we have heard that Treadaivay did nut discharge his guh,but that it was fired afterwards by Hardin at Wilson, ns stated abave. Treadawny has since died from the wounds infiicted-Hardin is not yet dead, but the wounds are represen ted.to be very severe. We give the above particulars as we have heard them from good sources. They aro doubtless mainly correct. Wo understand thnt Win. Wilson delivered himself up in Hamburg yosteday, and was admitted to bail. — Augusta Republic. Till COURIER. KOJUfl. THURSDAY MORNING, APRH^ J. KNOWLES, EDITOR. “ Should Congress at ang time exhibit its purpose to tear upon our property, or withhold our just constitutional rights, we stand ready to vindicate those rights, in the Union as long as possible, anil out of the Union when we arc left no other alternative." W. P Wn.Ki.vs, Esq,, is authorised to act ns Agent for this paper. He will attend the Superior Court! in most ot tho counties of this Circuit, nnd we hope our friends will avail themselves ot this opportunity to sub scribe. $3-- Tho accounts of the old firm of the “Eagle & Bulletin” aro in the hands of Mr. W. for immediate settlement. F. M. Kddleman is authorised to act as our Agent, in Atlanta Georgia. oing over this very interesting essay, wo could but thank God, that we were American in birth end feeling, and feel surprise, (hat any should be found so mad and wicked, us to attempt tho overthrow ol a government liko ours,- distilling ns It does, to much of every blessing. The other articles nre : My Navel, or Vailellos of English file—Legends of the Monastic Orders, as represented in the fine arts —Lavongro—The Arts in Portugal—Southern- Tho Ministry and the Agricultural interest. We again say to our renders who nro fond of choice and useful reading, subscribe to theso Reviews without delay. Agricultural- An article on our first page, addressed “to the Plan ters of tho South,” will nttract the attention of our roa- dejv* It is from a now Agricultural monthly, entitled tho “Soil of the South/’ which wo have noticed on a former occasion, It is upon a subject of vital impor tance to every class of our feilow-citizens. Because wo are now blessed with abundant harvests, the fruits of a virgin soil, wc are too prone to believe that our lime stone lands are inexhaustible ; hence, year after year they arc taxed with the most debilitating cropB, drained of their substance, and the deluded furmer ultimately finds that even his rich valley and bottom fields look the worse for wottr. Every variety of soil craves constant sustenance, either vegetable, animal ortninetnl, as does the human system. To givo suit, able nnd udequate nourishment to different plants tho soil itself must be led and nurtured. And yet the greater portion of farmers have acted upon tho princi ple thnt nothing can produce something, nnd after having year after year gathered abundant harvests, from their originally fertile lands, without giving back to it in return, one solitary morsel of vegetable, ani‘ mnl or mineral nourishment, they are surprised to find it exhibiting, finally, symptoms of feebleness and exhaustion. We shall hereafter resume this subject. TO SUBSCRIBERS. Five months have elapsed since we com menced the publication of tho “Rome Cou rier,’*nnd according to our published terms we ure ontitled to two dollars nnd fifty cents from each subscriber who has not paid.up in od vonco, and to threo dollars from thoso who do not puy at the expiration of six months Wo now propose to take two dollars from nil who will.come forward and pay up before tho first of April next ; after that time, we shall adhere strictly to our published terms. We want means at this moment to enable us to move on cheerily nnd satisfactorily with our business, nnd trust our patrons will appreci ate our position, and regard our requests.— With their generous co-operation, we shall ho ablo, we hope, to make the Courier all its friends could desire. Feb 20, 1851. THE PUBLISHER Agricultural Sooiety. Nearly every populous county in middle Georgia has an Agricultural Association, and these sooieties arc doing great good in that portion of our beloved State. IIow is it that we have none in Cherokee Georgia! Now is the time to organise them. Our country is now young and vigorous ; with a soil and climate thnt produces almost every necessary and tna, ny of the luxuries of life. We want some association which will enable farmers to teach one another, and diffuse among the mas?es such information as shall add to the permanent wealth, prosperity nnd happi ness of this interesting portion of the South. We want light upon wheat, grass, and even corn and po- tatoe culture ; upon stock-raising, sheep husbandry ; indeed, upon every subject thnt effects directly or indi rectly the interests and reputation of every Georgian. Let some of our intelligent farmers move at once In this matter,.and show our friends below what the Cherokee boys can do. Washington Union- The venerable and veteran Ritcuib, has retired from tho Washington Union, and is to bo succeed- e l by A. J. Donolson, Esq. nnd Gen. Robert Arm strong, of Tennessee. For nearly half a century has Mr. Ritchie been nisoolntcd with tho political press of this country, and his rclirncy at this juncture, will bo regretted by a large number of his personal and political friends. (Jty-The people of New Hampshire havo rejected the Constitution recently framed by their delegates in Convention. This is suid to bo tho first time such a result lias occurred in this country. QO-We regret to see in tho New York papers, the announcement of tho death of M M. Noaii, tho oldest nnd most popular editors in tho Union. Mo died of parnlysis, nged about 07 years, Senator Berrien- We have perused with pleasure the very able speech of this distinguished statesman, delivered in the U. S. Senate, on the 21th of February last, in relntton to the President’s Mesa »ge on the subject of tho slave rescue at Boston. The style nnd tone of this document is admirable, and its sentiments will be endorsed by eve ry friend of Constitutional Union, North and South, The continuance and enforcement of the fugitive slave law i* justly looked upon as a test question ; if the spirit of fanaticism shall expunge it from the statute book, or by lawless violence render it inoperative, no alternative will be left us, but to break up ourjpoliticnl alliance with those who will not respect-our rights nor their own constitutional obligations. The people of Georgia in a spirit of conciliation and compromise, in solemn Convention, have assented to tho peace measures passed by the Into Congress; upon those measures we have taken our position—there wc stand and there we intend to stand : we can concede no more. There seems to have been some doubt in the minds of many in relation to the political classification of Mr. Berrien ; he is claimed, wo believe, by both parties in Georgia, but probably at present belongs fully to neither. We shall not quarrel with him for this, con fident that at the proper time he will satisfy the pub lic mind on this subject. The North British Review for February 1ms come to band, filled ns usual, with interesting and useful articles. This valuable Quarterly, it may be remembered was started under tho auspices of the gifted Chalmers, nnd 1ms ever maintained high character, us well on account of its religious tone a3 its literary excellence. The 5th article is interesting review of tho life and writings ofNcan- dor, whose history is doubtless familiur to mnny ol our renders. Below wiil be found the whole table of con let i is t— British and Continental Ethics nnd Chtistianity. Rome and the Italian Revolution. Philip Dodridge. Literature and tho Lubottr Question. Neander-— Gold mines. Remains of Arthur II. Hallara. The Social Position of Woinej. Sir Charles Lyell's Judge Cole. For the last few weeks tho columns of tho Macon Journal & Messenger” have been mainly filled, and well filled too, with the speeches and letters of distin guished individuals, who were invited to the Union celebration in that city on tho 22d of February. We should have been pleased to have extraefed largely from these patriotic effusions, but this is rendered tho less important ob wc perceivo that they will be soon published in pamphlet form, nnd we hope be exten sively circulated. We cannot, however, forego the satisfaction of givtng our renders an extract from tho letter of the Hon. C. B. Colo, nnd it is especially commended to the consideration of the old Democrats of Cherokee: “I have been a citizen of Georgia for twenty-four years, and during all thnt time, I have acted and vot ed with the Democratic party—atone time under the cognomen of the Clark parly; and at another time under tho name oi the Union party j and during all that period, the preservation of tho Constitution and the Union has been a leading feature in the principles of the party. In 1832 the sentiment of General Jack- son,“the Union—it mutt be preserved, n was received by the Democratic party with anbouuded approbation —and immediately a Union party was farmed, com posed of many of both of the old parties, and under that name, the new party triumphed by u large ma jority. We were then, ns now, called submissionisls, traitors to the South, and many other ugly names.— But ugly names did not frighten us then, and I trust they will not now. We triumphed then by tho strength' of the Union in tho affections of the people, and shall again. “Tho right of secession, disunion and nullification received no countenance by the Democratic party of that day, But now we are denounced as Federalists, Consolidationiats and Submisslonists, because we will not embrace all these heresias as Democratic priucl* pics. Acd we are twitted with going over to the Whigs. Well, be it so. For myself, I do not core whether I act with Whigs or Democrats, or whether I am called Whig or Democrat, so that we can preserve, unimpaired, tho Constitution and tho Union. I never belonged to the South Carolina wing of the Domocratio party—and I well remember tho day, when the principles of South Carolina politicians were anathamatised as hereticoland treasonable by the Dc mocratio party of Georgia—but now we are told they are the Democratic doctrines, and those who do not embrace them, arc denounced as traitors to their party and to tho south. It is true, that these denunciations come, mostly from thoso who have joined the party since 1840, nnd not from the leaders of tho party pri or to that period, y/nd I protest against these politi- cal heresies being engrafted into tho creed of the De mocratic party of Georgia. If there arc any true De mocrats in Georgia, who wish to follow South Caroli na in her crusado against the Constitution and the Union, let them do it, but do not let them retain the nnmo of Democrats, or Whigs, or Unionists, but force them to bear their true name.” a‘‘ iftt* .i--ing2f(5vi xhe coup- ■ lr.uoh stoAbucul* iPfor^hV inn , a The two Extremes. *• Wo know of but one way in which to appease this clamor of the Southern newspapers and politl- inns, und thnt is by having a fair understanding. They nsked for tho admission of Texas; *hoy got lhat. They wished for war with Mexico ; tliov got that. They asked that tho Wilmot Proviso might not pass; tlicy got their wish. They asked that ten millions ol dollars might bo given to Texas, to con sent to a bnnndary line; they got that. They asked that a stringent law might be passed, to reclaim fu gitive slaves; they got that. Yet they aro not satis fied,” Tho above extract is from tho Boston Atlas, a freo soil paper which represents the principles and feel ings of that party in Massachusetts. Wo give below on extract from the Augusta Rc- W 8 : public, once an influential whig, but now a load! Southern High’s paper; by which it will bosoeh that opposito extremes havo met. Wo leave them to adjust their difficulty ns host they can. Both nro laboring to up-root the best government on one professedly, beenuso tho compromise measures favor tho South; tho other because they nro u fraud upon tho South. Now we shall not interfere in this little family difficulty, for wc have some faint hope thnt both parties may meet tho fato of the Kilken ny cats. If thoy shall only succeed in demolishing one another, there is yet some olmnco for the Union “ Our feeble advice to Southern Rights eland firm in opposition to t he compromise and to the platform of the lute convention. Thoy should, in our humble opinion continue to oppose thnt “ compromise” as the chief of all po litical frauds. Tho South has not obtained n soli tary right from it, on tho contrary, lias lost every thing, her rights, her political equality, and her hitherto untarnished honor.” The Old Dominion- By the following report from n select com mittee presented to the Virginia Legislature, it will ho seen that the Old Dominion is not likely to be seduced from her loyalty to the Uuion by the earnest appeals of South Caro lina. And yet it is to be remembered that Virginia is a border State, and has probably lost more fugitive slaves in one year, than South Carolina ha* over lost since the adop- ticn of the Federal Constitution. Indeed, it , that those .States which 'torn abolitioh encroach-* ...unii'iilritiv'ri-ijeni to,tBit wood.- He lins’-rtK) excel ent ful !>r (hi) patronage or Ilia States, can afford to live in the Union with their Northern and Western neighbors, with whom they have more immediate and con stant intercourse, we think interior States who are loss liable to danger and annoyance from the abolitionists, should not particularly complain. If, however, they should ever find abolitionism too hot and aggressive for them, and desire to quit tho confederacy, wo hope thoy will have the cordial aid and sup port of all their Southern sisters : On Monday, Mr. Flournoy, from the Select Committee, presented tho following report, which he said had been unanimously agreed to by the committee, and which ho tiusted it would be the pleasure of the House to adopt with like unanimity. Whereas the Legislature of the State of South-Carolina has passed on net “to provide for the nppointment of Delegates to a South ern Congress, to bo entrusted with the full power nnd authority with tho view und in tention of resisting fur.hor aggression, nnd if possiblo of restoring the constitutional rights of the soutlx, nnd If not, to recommend duo provision lor her futuro safety nnd inde pendence;” which net hns bee i formally com municated to this General Assembly : Be it therefore, Resolved by the General Assembly of Virginia, Thnt whilst this Stn'e deeply sympathises with South-Cnrolina in the feelings excited by the unwarrantable in terference of the non-slaveholding States, with our common institutions ; nnd whilst diver sity of opinion exists among tho people of this Commonwealth in regard to the wisdom, justice and constitutionality of the measures of the Into Congress of the United Stales, taken as a whole, and commonly known as the Compromise Measures : yet tho Legisla ture of Virginia deems it a duty to declare to her sister State of South-Cnrolina, that the people of this State are unwilling to take any action fin consequence of the same) calcula ted to destroy tho integrity of this Union. 2d. Resolved, That regarding the said acts of the Congress of the United States, taken altogether, ns nn adjustment of tho exciting questions to which they relate, and cherishing the hope that, if fnirly executed, they will restore to the country thnt harmony nnd con fidence which of late have so unhappily dis turbed, the State of Virginia deems it unwise, in tho present condition of the country, to send delegates to the proposed Southern Con- gross. 3d.Resolved, That Virginia earnestly and affectionately appeals to her sister State of South-Cnrolina to desist from any meditated secession upon her part, which cannot but tend to the destruction of the Uuion and the loss to all ofthe States, of the benefits that spring from it- 4th ilcjo/m/,That Virgiuia, believing the Constitution of the United States, if faith fully administered, provides adequate pro tection to the rights of all the States in this Confederacy, and still looking to that instru ment for defence, within the Union; warned by tho expediency of the past, the dangers of the prerent, nnd the hopes ofthe future, in vokes all who live under it to adhere more strictly to it, nnd to preserve inviolate the safeguard which it affords to the rights of in dividual States and the interests of sectional minorities. 5th. Resolved, That all legislation or com binations designed in any way to affect the institutions peculiar to the South, deserve the most unquestioned reprobation, ns derogato ry to the rights of nnd peculiarly offensive to the Southern States, and must, if persisted in, inovitably defeat the restoration of peaceful and harmonious sentiment in these States. 6th. Resolved, That the Governor of this Commonwealth be requested to transmit u copy of these resolutions to the Executive of the Slate ofSouth Carolina, with the request that they be laid before the next Legislature, and that copios be also transmitted the Ex ecutive of each of the other States of this Union—the State of Vermont only excepted. From tho Savannah Republican. The Boston Case—Judge Sprague’s Charge. The March term of the United States District Court for the District of Massa chusetts commenced at Boston on Tuesday of last w eek, Judge Spraque presiding.— Tho grand jury being empanneled, they were addressed by the Judge in an able charge, the whole of which was devoted to the fu gitive slave law and the necessity of enforce- ing it. He proceeded to show that the law was in accordance with the Constitution— that the constitution, the laws, and comity between the States required the delivery of fugitives—that the “father of the Republic” believed they should be delivered up—and that the forcible resistance of any one law of tho United States, with tho avowed deter tninalion to make such resislnncoin all cases, was treason, “tho highest crime which can be committed.” The learned Judge further “Tho constitution commands that fugitives from labor shall be delivered up. The Sn preme Court have decided that it belongs to Congress (o provide the means. Congress havo enacted this law. It is imperative, and it will be enforced. Let no man mistake the mildness and forbearance with which the criminal code is habitually administered, for weakness or timidity. Resistance must make it sternly inflexible. “Discussion is free. Men of all classes and of every shade of opinion may, by argu ment or even declamation, addressed to the reason or the passions, endeavor to impress new views upon the public mind. But if in their opposition to the expressed will of so ciety they pass from words to deeds, nnd embody mischievous doctrines into criminal acts of resistance to law, whoever they may be, and whatever may be their position or their ultimaie purposes, they must sooner or later find that the law is irresistible and over whelming. The people havo been so long accustomed to absolute repose and security under tho quiet administration of law, that they are not easily brought to believe that it can be obstructed, much less to contemplate the consequences of its overthrow.” The Judge then proceeds to argue with great power, the question whether a man may disobey and resist a law because his "conscience” disapproves of it. We make another, extract : yjBut we are told by some that, the law being inorally.vrfong, conscience tells. them '“'•fiwafitJSSf'* 1 »t. ;Poj)#sjejic.e>. inctoed, hr to jyPKlUSi Jn lead us to do great injustice. Some have an impression that it is the divinity within them, an unerring and infallible guide. Hence they cannot believe or conceive that opposition to their views can be conscientious. ‘It is this lurking fallncy, this tacit assumption, of per sonal infallibility, that makes them intolerant towards others and inaccessible to argument.. I speak not to those who believe that they have special inspiration from above, that ,a miraclo has been wrought for their guidance. “Such are beyond the scope of human rea son, and fit subjects either of consecration or a mad house, according as their belief is founded on reality or delusion. But With those who ere under the dominion of the es tablished laws of the moral and intellectual world, conscience is fallible. The annals of the world abound with enormities committed by a narrow and darkened conscience. A man may incur great moral guilt, not indeed by following his conscience, but by neglect ing the menns of rectifying and enlightening it. Its dictates ore varied, not only accord ing to the mornl constitution, but the intel lectual power nnd extent of information of the individual. Tho purer tho motive the more extensive the knowledge, nnd the greater the mental ability the more enlightened will be the conscience and the more correct its decisions.” We regret that we have not room for the entire charge of Judge Spraoue. His rea soning is clear nnd to the point, and reminds one of tho sovernl steps of a proposition in Euclid. After viewing the subject in nil its aspects, nnd meeting and answering all the objections that have been urged againBt the execution of the law, he arrives at the sub- limo conclusion, that “ to obey the law of the land is to obey the will of God." Obedience is a moral duty. This, he says, is os certain as that the Creator made man a social being, nnd designed that he should live, not in per petual nnnrchy, but in peace and security ; for humnn government is the only means which Infinite Goodness has provided, for preserving us from unceasing conflict nnd vi olence. Death of Jjhn S. Skinner.—We regret (o state, says the Baltimore American of Saturday, that a very serious accident befel our former townsman, John S. Skinner, Esq. yesterday. Mr. S., who is on a transient visit to this city, when about to leave the Post Office between 2 nnd 3 P. M. mistook the door opening upon the cellar stairway for that leading to the street. He was sud denly precipitated into the cellar, receiving a violent concussion which fractured the base of his scull. He was immediately removed to the private office of the Post Master, in the Post Office Building; and had the best medical and surgical aid. Hopes are enter tained thnt from the locality of the Injury ho may possibly recover, but the issue, we sin cerely regret to add, seems quite doubtful Later—Death of Mr. Skinner.—It is with sincere regret that we announce the death of Mr. Skinner, from the cause above mention ed. The injury of his head was of a charac ter to preclude relief from the ablest profes sional skill, and at hnlf-post seven, yesterday evening, he breathed his last. No man has labored more faithfully and dovote fly for the promotion of the Agricultural and Industrial interests of the country than Mr. S., and his death will be every where regarded as a pub lic loss. He was the pioneer of the American Agri cultural press and conducted with ability for many years “The American Farmer” and lately the “ Flow, Loom and Anvil." NAStlVILLB ANn ChATTANOOOA RAILROAD, —The following letter from the President of this Road to the Mayor of Charleston, which we find in the Mercury, will be read with lively interest by every Southern patriot.— The spirit of progress now abroad in the land will, in its rapid advancement, sweep out sectionalism and disunionism, while it will build up and render the South independent: Nashville and Chatlar.ooga Railroad Office. Nashville, (Tcnn.) March 17,1851. To his Honor J. Schnierle, Mayor of Charleston, S. C.—Dear Sir:—Our work is progressing finely. We have twenty miles of iron down, and about seven miles more of timber laid ready, and will in this way have within three weeks twenty-one miles ready, iron and nil, and be running over it. We had yestorday between 300 and 400 passengers on the rond. I ant sat isfied that we will d'j an immense passen ger business. We have a good prospect now of a road to Louisville, ICy., to Cairo, nnd to Memphis, Tenn., nil of which will mo.it certainly he under way within tho next twelve months. We find the whole valloy of the Mississip pi directing their main lines of improve ments to Nashville, nnd by that hoping to reach an outlot to their surplus products through Charleston; and 1 have consequent ly watched, with interest, the movements of your State and city in preparing for direct shipments and imports, by which your City will be raised to a most enviable position in the country. If you will examinethe census returns, you will sse thnt the country imme diately sunoundingNashville,say, Alabama, Mississippi, Missouri, Illinoise, Indiana,Ohio And Kentucky, are growing with a giant gia Road, and will, .ao aeon as we learn they 1 nave paid, call on you. Our road is going; on finely at all points, and wo will got sixty' or eighty miles done this year. We expect to get ten miles of road done- from Chattanooga, also, this year. Truly, V. K. Stevenson, President. stride unheard of in the annals of man, nnd our road, with the roads making and content plated from all these directions, will place Charleston nearer to tho principal cities of these States than any Atlantic port North of it; and the disastrous casualties on the wa ters ofthe Mississippi recently, contribute to devclope nnd forward this natural tendency to reach the Atlantic at the nearest point, and we are at Nashville, preparing ourselves to forward this tendency by subscribing liber ally to improve the river, and to the three railroads, one Irom Louisville, one from Cai ro, nnd one to Columbia, Tennessee, and on the Big Bend of the Tennessee River.. We have in every way paid ou.t over a fifty thousand dollars on what we no.w caij'your division of our road, and; shall call on you soon through our mutual triend, H. W. Con tier, (who had advanced some money for cat- riage on iron)tfor the.fust quarterly insta The Methodist Lawsuit.—A New York correspondent of the Pittsburg Advocate- says that counsel in the suit of the Method ist Episcopal Church, South, against the- Methodist Episcopal Church, fur its share of church property, are making progress, and' that the case wilt probably he tried at the- April term of the Circut Court in this city. To Revive a Fading Flower.—Cut the- stalk end hold it a few moments in the flame- of the candte, and then set the flower again- in the cold water, when it will recover ite; strength almost visibly after this violent as sistance, and blossom immddiately. East Tennessee Sail We nro highly grntified to learn that* Mr- Estabrook, Xlormerly, Prsident of ourv Universitj,) who has been for some time.- engngedin sinking a salt well in Andeisom county, nenr the residence of Maj. Rich ard Oliver, has succeeded in renr.hirg n- bold stream of strong anlt water, at a-deptht of about five hundred nnd seventy feeL-r— Tubes have been ordered nnd- nil possiblo dispatch will be employed to commence the manufacture of salt. Tho well is sure rounded with n dense lorest of heavy- limber, nnd is within one or two hundred yards of inexhaustible coni beds, so that; tucl will ever be cheap. Other wells will soon be sunk, nnd tho prospeot now is that. hitherto undiscovered source of woalth- to East Tennessee is nbout to he unlocked. We sincerely trust thnt those engaged in this enterprise may realise their brightest anticipations. Neqro Banking.—Talking of Banks, re minds me of the Negro Bank I once heard of in Virginia. Cato, ("an old negro who- was noted for his cunning,)had succeeded in- making his fellow-servants in the neighbor hood believe that banking was a very profita ble businoss. So they concluded that they would throw all their change together and start a bank, old Cato taking care to have himself constituted the bank, to whom all the sixpences of all the darkies Id the neigh borhood were duly paid over. And now,, snid Cnto, “whenebah nignr horrow sixpence, out ob dis bank to buy bacca, he got to come - in free weeks and pay in twor sixpence, and in dis way you see ebry sixpence bring nud- ah sixpence, till after a while all dese niggas he ns rich ns old mass G y.” ' And's upon this principle the bank went into opera-, tion, old Cato always taking care that every, darkey should fork over according to bank' rules. But in the course of time, some of stockholders thought they “smelt a rat” arid called on Cato to withdraw their capital from the bank, when the following conversation took place between Cato and Jack: Jack—Well, Cato, we want to draw our money from de bank and quit dis bankin bos— ness. Cato—Did you heah de news ? Jack—No, what dat, Cato ? Cato—Why, de bank broke lest night. Jack—Who care what de bank do. 1 tell you I want my shah ob de money. Cato—-Well but I tell yen de bank brake. Jack—I not talken bout dat. Isay whar de mony ! Cato-Why yuo cussed fool, don’t you knpw dat when de bank break de mony all gone sartin. Jack—Well, but whah dedcbble de mony gone to! Cato-Dat’s more ’an dis niggah know. All he know bout it is, dnt when white folks bank break de mony always lost, and niggah bank no belter dan white folks. Jack—Well, Whenebah dis niggah gage in bankin agin, he hope dedebbil git him fus* Cato—Berrj sorry de bank break, Jack, berry sorry. Here our informant left.— O. Statesmen, ROME PRICES CURRENT.. CORRECTED WEEKLY BIT J, T. SAWBIB. ARTICLE*. $ CTS. 9 0 Bacon, Hams.... a.. Side* , a .. Bashing, Dundee yd a .. . Ky.... 21 a , Gummy .-. t6Ja . ■ 1 Butter, Goshen lb 25 *... . t Country 15 I., i Beef, Forequarter, 21 a ... - Hind do - 3a.. Candles, Box 20 a .. i Spermaceti, .. a .. i Adamantine .. 33 a .. , Coffee. Java, Seek .... 10 a .. 1 Cuba, a .. . Lagnlra,... . a .. I Kio 14 a .. 1 Cotton, 6 a . t Corn \ .... . ■ 85 A . .11 Corn Meal,.... .... .. 85 a .. It Cordage, Bate Rope; .. 10 a .. 1 Manilla, .... •• 18 a *« i Cotton, .. IS a •• i Flour, 3&n *. Maceerl, No 1 per bbl ...... $15 No. 2 41 •• ,....$13 Nc. 3 “ •• .$10 Hides,Green, 1b 9a- . Dry 8 f .. 10|,J Iron, Swcdo, English .... Rod Band Hoop, .... Lead .... Molasses bbl pr gat. W. I. , ■., Syrup, .... Nails, Kog, lb... J . Rioe ....lb.... Salts, Liverpool per Sack .... do do bushel. ., Table, per box. Sugar, N. Orleans, rb.... Fortorloo Delta Santaorus,....... ..... Refined , ,,., Laai, . Crashed, Clarified, Tallow, Wool, Raw, -. Rolls,........ „ it :: ,. Ota .. 9 00 a ..2 i. 00 a .. I< .. 15 a JUST RE€F1Y3 A LARGE and- extensive stock of L Gtenis’ drees goods, newest spring styl. very large stock of staple dry goods, boots,* and clothing, saddlery, carriogo’ and sites for buggies and two-hors heavy hardware, of every style and prior, sheet, hoop and bar iron and ateel, boas, ■ AIeo a very Isrge and general stock of <}M lanta ateam Milla flour always ^ with every -other article