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VOLUME 6.
ROME, GA.. THURSDAY HOMING, MAY 8, 1851
THE ROME COURIER
It) PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING
BY A. BI. EDDLEiUAS. -
Two Dot.i.Ans per nnnum, II paid t'n advance;
Two Dollar. niitl Fifty Cent, If pnid wltldn «lx
months | or Thrco Dollnrs at tlio end of the year,
nates of Advertising.
Leoal AdvbutISSmests will ho Inserted with
strict attention to tlm requirements of the law,
the following rates i
Four Months Notice, - - • B-l 60.
Notloe to Debtors and Creditors, ■ 3 85
Sale ol Personal Property, by Excen- ) 3 „«
tors, Administrators, dec. )
Sales of Lnnd or Negroes, 00 days, > s DO
per squure, j
Letter, of Citation, ... 2 73
Motive for Letters of Dismission, • 4 50
Candidates announcing their names, will be
charged $3 00, which will bo required in ndvunco.
Husbands advertising tholr wives, will bo chnrged
$3 00, w|iloh must always be paid in ndvunce.
All other advertisements will bo insortud at One
Dollar per square, of twelvo lines or less, for the
first, and Fifty Cents, for cncli subsequent inser
t|on,
Ljberiil deductions will be made in favor of those
who advertise by the vunr.
ROME COURIER.
13, W. ROSS,
DENTIST,
Rome, Georgia Office over N. J. Ombcrg’s
Clothing Store.
January 16,1851.
FAN CIS M. ALLEN,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
Dealer in Staple and Fancy
DRY GOODS AND GROCDRIES.
Receives tiew goods every week. «£$
Rome, Ga., January 9, 1851.
LIN & BRANTLY.
WAR-HJ'JSF, COMMISSION’S: PRODUCE
MERCHANTS,
Atlanta, Ga.
^Liberal advances made on any article
1 in Store.
Nov. 28,1850. ly
A. ». KINO »V CO.
COTTO V-GINMANIJFACTURERS
Rome, Georgia,
Mny 0. 1850.
ALGXASDEn A TRAMmELL,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
SOME, GA.
Nov. 28. 1850. ly.
NONAS UAODENAN. }• { OHASUtS V. HAMILTON
HAMILTON Si IIADK3IAN.
Factors & Co:n'ttissloii Merchants,
SAVANNAH, QEORQIA
Oot.'3, 1850, 1 12in
IIAULES r HAMILTON. 1 < THOMAS HARDEM
IIAHDBSIAN Ai IIAMII.TON,
Warehouse & Commission Merchants,
MACON, GEORGIA.
ot 3, 1S50. I 12m.
PATTON St PATTON,
attorneys at law,
Rome, Geoigia.
ILL Prsotlco in nil the Counties of the Chen
!6 Circuit 48 Sept. 5, 1850.
A. X. TATtON. J. V. TATTON.
W.P. TVILKINS.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
p, Rome, Georgia.
til TO
k.*’ 1 Hon. n F. PORTER, CHARLESTON, S. 0 , Or
AT CAVE STRING, GO.
. ,Hon W. II. UNDEUWOOO, BOMK. OA.
Hon. WILLIAM EXZARD, DECATUR, OA.
July IS, 1850. 41 Iy
G. W. IIEAL L,
JDRAPER AND TAILOR,
?’■' ‘ Broad Street Rome, Ga.
1 ”-October 10, 1850.
I ; J. ». DICKEItSOIl,
DRUGGIST—ROME, GEORGIA.
r i .’ WHOLESALE AtfD RETAIL PKALKR IN
- uauas, MEDICINES, PAINTS, OILS, DYE-
feu>.V STUFFS,.PERFUMERY, «fcc.
i, n .October 10, 1850, Broad Street.
COULTER & COLLIER.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
..13,1
Rome, Georgia.
poicfifis HOTEL,
ROME, GEORGIA.
MRS. MARY CHOICE
ncrly of Dnldoncgn, 1ms taken charge of the
HO TEL, and mnde extensive preparations'
rtliecomfort and convonlenco of those who mny
her With a call. From her long experience,
nfldsntly hbpes to give onrlro satisfaction to
int Visitors and Permanent Boarders,
cmborS, 1830. 48 12m
Persons, will bo carried lo and from
pot to the Hotel, free of charge.
EXCHANGE HOTEL,
Rome, Georgin,
plAMES S. GRIFFIN,
•PbRMEnLV OP AUOUSTA.
VING sold out my entire InlercBt in the EX-
IHANGE HOTEL in this place lo Mr. James
jlms;! toko pleasure in lecommcnding the for-
t,not turpassedby nny House in the City.
Wri . A. E. REEVES,
lee. 26,1850.
KWOflD& J. W. II, UNDERWOOD.
LL PRAC'l ICE LAW
unties'of the Cherokee Circuit, m
■J. They will both personally nltend all
J^J. \V, ll, UNDERWOOD will attend
, of Jackson and Habersham counties of the
oil. Both will attend tbo sessions of the
. 30UUT at CaEuvilre'nntl Gainesville
f^ntnisted to them will-he promptly and
Mn. Fillmore and his Administration
—We presume that the question of approval
or disapproval of the course of President
Fillmore and his Cabinet, during tho time
tile administration of tho General Govern
menf has been in his hands, will enter promi
nently into the canvnss for members of Con
gress that is fast approaching. It is true
that there has never been an administration
since the lime ofVVnshington that has elicit,
cd from all parlies such general expressions
of approval, nor ono against which there has
been so little complaint. But we see now
that the opposition is beginning to lear tho
eflect upon their party of the growing popu
larity of Mr. Fillmoro, that they are drawing
back from their position of approbation, and
preparing lo make an onslaught upon tho
Administration. Lot them come on. It
will he no easy mntter to lessen the confi
dence of the people in tho integrity, modera
tion, impartiality, and firmness in Mr. Fill
more, that his course hos inspired.—North
Carolina Newbcrnian.
The Three-cent Coin will not he ready
for uso before tho 1st of Mny, the Treasury
Department having authorized tho mint to
withhold the issue until there shall be un ac
cumulation of half n million of pieces to
start with.
A Rich Begoar.—We feel it to be our
duty to caution the public against a blind
man vvho has been begging hero for some
days. He gives it out that ho is on his way
to Mississippi, and that it is lo raise the
means to get there that he is appealing to the
charity of the public. A gentleman from
Hamilton, in Canada, informs us, however
that he knows this pretended beggnr very
well. He snys that he resides in Hamilton
and owns considerable property there, and
that he has often heard him sny ho owned
slaves in Mississippi. It can not be said
that such a “tvagranl” belongs to that class
spoken of liy Sam Weller, who “hasn’t
mnde a raise in their profession.” He
should be taken up and punished for vagran
cy. Begging Ims become so much n “pro
fession’’ of late, that it is impossible for the
charitable to distinguish between imposters
and those who are needy —Sav. Rep.
(j<5> The Greensboro’ Beacon of the 19th
says that Dr. Tlatt Groom, mid Mr. Pleas
ant May, who were engaged in most distres
sing occurrence, in which Mr. E. W. Harris
was killed, are still suflering considerably
from their wounds. Mr. Muy’s case has been
considered a very criticnl one,—though he is
now considered measurably out of danger.
Their situation, as yet, lias not been such ns
to allow of their being taken to Eutnw —
Though confined to their beds, they are
strictly guarded, day nnd night, and will, we
understand, he taken to Eutnw, fur legal in-
estignlion, os soon as their physicians - think
it at all safe lor them to he removed.
In consequence of the limited appro
priations for the Army, thoSecretnry of Wnr
has been compelled lo dismount tho Flying
Artillery, which did the country so much
honor in Mexico. Fire out of the seven
companies are to be di.mounted, and only
two companies are to be left. The officers
nnd men are to be transferred to the Infantry
now needed in Texas and New Mexico.
Bishop Hughes.—The New York Herald
says that the members of tho Holy Council
nt Rome, doubtful of tho policy of creating
Bishop Hughes a Cardinal, applied to the
Bishops in the United States for their opin
ion upon the subject, and they have just sent
over (heir objections, which will decide the
question against Bishop H. in the Sacred
College.
Counterfeit Gold Dollars.—We learn
Irom a very respectable hank clerk that there
aro quite a large number of counlerfeit gold
dollars in circulation in this city, which nre
executed with so much mechanical skill us to
render detection extremely difficult to those
familiar with gold coin. By resorting to the
jponns of a chemical process, or the : nlallible
test offered by the most correct gold balances,
any one mny he secured from imposition.—
Let storekeepers, business men generally,
and the police especially, look sharp.—Bal
timore Sim.
Important Decision.—.fudgo Buckner, of
Kentucky, lias decided against tho law of that
nnd the travelling public generally, to I Stale Uxin S insurance companies of other
elr patronage, ns I feel confident that "Slates having t^nciey there. He snys the
ftrLnof.urpoasvdbyany Houseln'the'city! conflicts with that provision of the
^edernl Constitution which declares that “the
citizens of each State shall be entitled to all
privileges and immunities of citizens in tho
several States.”
A Flag for the World’s Fair.—Mr.
Lewis Duncan, of New Orleans, unfurled in
the Hall of Independence, Philadelphia recent
ly; n magnificent American flag, which he is
about to take to the World’s Fair for exhibi
tion, and thence to Palestine. The staff of
the flag was cut by President Fillmore, at
Vernon, and presented to Mr. Dun-
From the Knickerbocker*
The Farmer’s Elegy.
On the green mossy knoll.by tho banks of tho brook,
That to long and so often hath watoied his Book,
The old farmer rests In his long nnd last sleep,
While the witters a low lisping lullaby keep j
Pa li"a ploughed his last ftp-row, has reaped his last
grain ;
No morn shall awake him from slumber agala.
The bluebird sings sweet on the eny msplo bough j
lie warbling oft cheered him while Hblding the plough
And tho rabbins above him hop light on tho mould,
For he fed them with crumbs when ihe season was
cold.
Von tree that with fragrance is filling the air,
So rich with its blossoms so thrifty ntul fair.
By his own band was planted, and well did ho soy,
It would live when the planter had mouldered nwny,
There’s ihe well diet he dug, with its water so cold
Willi its wet dripping bucket so mossy nnd old ;
No more from Its deplh ftom the patriarch drawn,
For tho "pltoher is broken"—the old man is gone !
And the sent whero he sat by his own cottnga door,
In the still summer uvo, when hie labor woe o’er,
With Ids eye on the moon nnd ills pipe in his hund,
Dispensing his truths like a sugo of tho land.
’Twus a gloom given day when the old furmer died
The stout-hearted mourned, the affectionate cried,
And tho prayers of the just Tor his rest did ascend,
For they all lost a brother,a man, and a IViend.
For upright and honest the old ihrmer was j
His GOD he revered, ho respected the laws j
Though fameless ho lived, he has gone where his worth
Will outshine, like pure gold,dll the dross of this earth.
tfUfticrlLmrouo.
The Old Indian-
HY THE HON. B. F. PORTER
Among the vestiges which darken thesha-
dows of the past, few are more interesting
than the indian’s character. It has been the
fate of this people to display very lofty traits,
nationality and individuality, nnd to pass
from men’s eyes like the phantoms of a dream
They were the progenitors of a people, now
rich in intellect, and glorious in civilization,
only to retire before that wave of population
which they themselves had invited. They
were plant s, flourishing only in the shade,
plants which expired in the full blaze of the
sun of improvement.
In viewing the degeneracy of a people
who ftom a lofty condition have fallen into
one of moral or physical slavery, as is the
ense of the Greeks, our pity is mixed up
with contempt ; but with the Indian tribes
it is different. In their cases, we see a cour
ageous and magnanimous nation, full of the
revenge, but boldness of savage life, stepping
hack from before a conquering, but not al
ways very just people j submitting, reluc-
Inntly, to the fate of wnr, and giving up their
lands, in mnny instances only with their lives
It is not our purpose to object to the destiny,
which made our fathers the instruments of
thoir settlemet nnd prosperity. Doubtless it
was for wise purposes in the advancement of
intellectual and moral freedom. But in the
perspective of the picture which pourlrays
their early trials, we also see the Indian —
We see a wild, but hnppy people, content
amidst their nn'ivetorest , suddenly deprived
of their heritages, driven from their homos,
tho bones of their ancestors dispersed with
the plough, and they forced, either to seek a
new shelter farther in the forest, from which
n new invasion was presently to drive them,
or to remain, nnd dwindle into insignificance,
the victims of physical, moral and intellects
al deterioration.
The Cherokecs were the last to retire to
the West. At n ball play with the Creeks
they won thnt lovely country of green val
leys and smiling hills, now covered by the
Northern sections of Georgia and Alabama.
There they lived contented ; and it was their
boast that they had never shed the White
man’s blood. A more noble race never ex
isted. Manly, generous and brave, their
forms and countenances displayed the charac
teristics of n bold but magnanimous people.
It was my lot, a day or two since, to meet
one of them, who abandoned by his people,
still lingered in tho noble country whoro he
was born. He imparted to me some faint me
morials of his race. He loved to dwell on
tho history of his people, anti to point out
various scenes where remarkable events took
dace I met him at a romantiespot in Chero
tee county, Alabama, known ns Blue Pond
Blue Pond lies at the base of Lookout moun
tain, a ridge which rises in Middle Alabama,
and which, in a northeast direction, runs
with greater or lesser elevation into the edge
ofTenncssee. On the top of it, just above
Blue Pond, are the Yalloo falls. The little
stream of Yalloo, which produces these falls
runs along the mountnin in a southern direc
tion, and is surrounded with scenery sublime
and romantic enough to rouse the coldest
bosom to a lovo of nature. After flowing
along, calm and unruffled ns one if those
bright streams we often see painted on the
eastern sky just before sunrise, we find its
course suddenly interrupted by a range of
broken rocks, which stretch across its bosoin,
breaking the unity of its waters into n thous
and ripples. The detached slreamlets imme
diately, below these rocks unite, and pour
down a precipice of nearly two hundred feet,.kmen.
dashing into ono of the wildest chasms we
ever beheld, a broad river of snowy waves,
and filing the whole basin below wi!n spray,
and smoking mist.
“Do you see,” snid the old Chief as we
stood on the side of the gulf, “yonder ca
vern,” pointing to a recess which had been
washed by the stream, before a new channel
had been worn to the left of it ; “1 will tel!
you about that place. In the old time, long all
before the step of the white man had been
seen in this country, a friendly mbe of In
dians pitched their tents or, this mountain.—
The chief had rendered himself celebrated in
the wars which used to be waged against the
Creeks. IJ * — —■ 1 —— “ - c *-■-
days,
courage and darinl
" w " HUXIM Hgtliuat sue
eks. He was happy in the evening offliis
s, in an only sbn, who bid fair, from his
<- rival his father, in t l -
Woonega was about ten years old, the Crooks
had invaded the tents of his fathers peo
ple. They were defeated and run ofi. In
then hnste, thoy left behind a little white
boy of the same age of Woonegn, nnd whom
they had evidently taken prisoner from one
of the lower Carolina settlements. The old
chief resolved to mnko him the companion of
his son ; and to this end, adopted him into
. nn< ^ K“ vo him the name. Yalloo
signifiing the red and white leaves in autumn.
As the boys grew up, their affection twined
around each other. They hunted the wild
deer together, nnd tvero senreely ever apart,
In progress of lime Woonega become enu
inoured with the daughter of a neighbourip
chief, the Rising Fawn. Her father livei
far North on the mountain, and her name i
notv living in connexion with n spot in Dade
county Georgia.
i o hunt in the neighborhood of the old
chief, the lather of Rising Fuwn enme, with
his family and warriors. They pitched their
tents by blue pond, and there YVoonogn saw
the lovely maid.
Yalloo had,become throughly acquainted
with the langungo and customs of the In
dians ; and was, of course the confidant of
Woonega, He became himself n victim lo
the charms of tho liising Fawn.
Tho time was approaching when the nup
tials of Woonega nnd tho Rising Fawn were
to be celebrated. The Rising Fawn was to
be carried on an nrbour of flowers, nccom-
pnined by maidens and young men lo the tent
of hor lover, and there ho wns to receive her,
in a tent lined with the soft skins of the
game he had himself hunted and killed.
Woonega hud gone far into the mountnin
in search ofnspotled lawn,on whose skin the
feet of his nffinneed bride were to rest. He
reached the edge of the river, and stopped to
rest on the highest point of the rocky wall
which rose up from it. Far in the South,
the blue ridges of the Talladega Mountains
rose against the sky. At his feet the foam
of the Fails boiled ns Id a great cauldron.—
1 he sun wns pouring long golden streams
through the forests, and a tra-n of wild geeso
wero seeking their homes with hoarse
screams towards the Noilh. Suddenly two
forms wero seen moving in tho midst of
evening, in yonder cavern. How the heral
of Woonegn throbbed against his sturdy breast
how his head reeled, ns clnsped in each
other’s arms, he beheld Yalloo his treach
erous friend, and still more trcncherous bride;
Tho first impulse wns to bury a arrow in the
berosts which leaned upon each other in n
union which seemed to make them one.—
Leaning anxiously forward he loosened a
rock, and was nearly precipitated into the
roaring cnternct benenlh him. The detached
rock went bounding from point to point be
low, nml sturiletl-tlie'now -wretched lovers
from thoir drenm of security. Rising in
alarm, they saw the injured ana almost mad
Woonega before them. Pouring from his
eye the most indignant flushes, he looked al
ternately from one to the other. Now rage
seemed to seize upon his soul ; now love to
soften nnger. “When,” at last cried he
with choked utterance, “oh whiteman I did
1 break my faith with thee. You have said
there is a Great Spirit who looks with plea
sure upon good, and frowns upon evil. Let
him judge between us. My people love to
say, ‘We never sited the white man’s blood’:
nor will I. Many long years inado you my
brother. Go ! you love ono another.—
May the Great Spirit make you hnppy. 1
turn my back upon you. I go to tho setting
sun. When you see him set think of Woon
egn. He goes down like the setting sun.—
Remember the Indian loves mercy.” Say
ing this ho bounded away, and had vanish
ed long before the lovers had recovered from
their surprise.
Until a few years past a family of Half-
Breeds lived in the valleys below. They
were the descendants of Yalloo and the Ris
ing Fawu.
The Drunkard's Bible.
“Mr. President,” snid a short, stout man,
with a good humored countenance, aed n
florid complexion, rising ns the last speaker
took his seat,—“I have been 5 tavern keep-
i> 1
At this announcement through tho whole
room ; and an expression of increased inter
est.
“Yes, Mr. President,” he went on, “1
have been n tnvern keeper, and many a glass
you, and to the Secretary
dozens of others that I see
have sold to
there, and to
here”—glancing around upon tho company.
“That’s a fnct,” broke in the President,”
many a gin-toddy and brandy-punch hnvo I
taken nt your bar. But times nre changed
now, nnd we have begun to carry the war
into the enemy’s cainp. And our wnr has
not been altogether unsuccessful, for we
have taken prisoner one of the rumsellers
bravest Generals ! But go on friend W
let us have your experience.”
“As to my experience, Mr. President,”
the ex-tnvern keeper resumed, “in rum-sel-
lins and rum-drinking, fori have done a good
deal of both in my timo, that would bo mill
ion long to tell to-night—and one thnt 1
ould much rather forget than relate. It
makes mo tremble and sick at heart, when
ever 1 look back upon the evil I have done,
therefore, usually I look ahead with the
hope of doing some good to my feilow
amounted to throo or four dollars over his
Saturday night’s pay, when I refused to soil
him nny more liquor until it wns settled.—
On the dny alter I had thus refused him, he
camo in witli n neat mourning breast pin,
enclosing some hnir—no doubt, l thought,
uf n decenecd relative. This ho nflered in
payment of what he owed. 1 accepted it,
for the pin I saw ut once was .worth double
the amount of my bill. 1 did liot think, nor
indeed caro about tho question, whethi r lie
wns the owner or not : I wanted my own,
nnd in my selfish eagerness lo get it, I hesi
tated not to take a little moro than my own.
I laid the breast pin nwuy, nnd nil things
went on smoothly for a while. But lie grnd-
ually got behind hand again, and again 1 cut
off his supply of liquor. This time he brought
me a pair of brass andirons, n jd a pa r of
brass candlesticks, nnd 1 took them and wip
ed off the score against him. At las' he
tirouglit n large, fumily Bible, and I took thnt
ioo—thinking, no doubt, i could sell it for
something.
On the Sunday afterwards, having nothing
lo do.for 1 used to shut my bar un Sunday,
thinking it wns not respectable to soil liquor,
I opened this poor drunkard’s family Bible,
scarcely thinking of what I w as doing. Tho
first place I turned lo was the family rocird
There it was slated, that, upon n certain day
he had been mnrricd to Emily , I hu'd
known Emily , when 1 wns it young
mnn very well, nnd had onco thought serious
ly of offering myself to hor in ftfnrrinee 1 10-
memhered her hnppy young face, nnd seem
ed suddenly to hear n tone ot her merry
iRughtcr.
“Poor creaturo !” I sighed involuntarily,
us n thought of her present conditiun cros
sed my mind-<-a»d tiiou Tritli nu piensnm
feelings I turned ove- another lenf. Thero
wns the record of the birtli of hor four chil
dren ; the last had been made recently, nnd
wns in the mother’s hand.
I never had such strong feelings as now
came over me. I felt thnt 1 imd no business
with the book ; but I triod to stifle my feel
ings, and turned over severul leaves quickly.
As I suffered my eyes to rest upon an open
page, these words arrested my nltontion.
“Wine is a mocket, slrcng'drink is raging;
whoso is deceived thereby is not wise.”
This was just tho subject that under tho
feelings I then had, 1 wished to avoid, nnd
so I referred lo another place. There I rend.
“Who hath woo ? Who hath sorrow ?
Who hath wounds ? Who hath babbling ?
Who hath redness of eyes ? Thoy that tar
ry long at the wine. Al lost it bitetb like
aserpent, it stingeth like an adder.”
I felt like throwing the book from me ;
but once more I turned ihe leaves, and my
eyes rested upon these words—
WliU UIUU talus .ll>iU..£'vc»l> hi. noigLLor
drink ; that outlest ihe bottle to him and
makest him drink.”
I closed the book suddenly, nnd threw it
down. Then, for half nn hour, I paced the
room backwards and forwards in a slate of
mind 1 never heiaro experienced. I had be
come painfully conscious uf the direful evils
resulting from intemperance, nnd still more
painfully conscious that 1 had been a willing in
strument in the spread of these evils. I can
not tell you how much 1 suffered during thnt
day und night, nor describo the' fearful con
flict that took placo in my mind, bolweon n
selfish love of the gains of my calling, nrd
the plain dictates of truth and humanity.^—
It wns about nine o’clock, I think, on the
some evening, thnt I opened the Drunkard’s
Bible again, with a kind of despairing hopo
that I should meet there with something to
direct me. 1 opened nt the Psalms and read
two ur three chapters. As I road on, with
out finding any tiling directly to my case, I
felt an increasing desire to abandon my call
ing, because it was iujurious to my lellow-
men.
After I had rend the Bible, I retired to
bed, could not sleop. 1 nin „uro thnt during
that night I thought of every druken man to
whom I had sold liquor, nnd of all thoir beg
gared families. Iii the brief sleep that I ob
tained, 1 dreamed that 1 saw s lung lino of
tottering drunkards, with their wives and
children in rags. And a loud voice said :
“Who hath done this f”
The answer, in a stili louder voice, directed
felt, to me, smote upon my ear like a peal
of thunder—
“Thou art the mnn !”
From this troubled slumber I woke to
sleep no moro thnt night. In the morning,
the last and most powerful conflict enme.—
'['ho question to he decided, was—
“Shall I open my tavern, Or at oncenbnn-
don the dreadful truffle in liquid poison i”
• Happily, I decided never to put to nny
man’s lips tho cup of confusion. My next
step was to turn the spicket of every keg or
barrel of spirits,wine, beer,or cider., nnd let
the contents escape on the floor. My bot
tles and decanters were likewise emptied.—
Then l came and signed your Total Absti
But there is ono incident I will relate. For
the last five years, a hard working mechanic,
with a wife and seven small children, came
regularly, almost every night, to my tavern,
and spent the evening in my bai-room. He
caine to drink, of course, and many a dollar
of his hard earning went into my till. At
last ho became a perfect sot—working
scarcoly one forth of tho timo, and spending
” ho earned in liquor. His poor wife had
take in washing to support herself and
children, while he spent his time and the little
he'could make at my bar. But his appetite
for liquor was so strong, thnt his weeks'
earnings were usually gone by Tuesday
Wednesday, and then 1 had to chalk u;
;ainst him, to
AGRICULTURAL.
■ s ** ee P Husbandry at the South-
lifts subject is of sufficient importance to
wnrrant fur more discussion in the Cultivator
limn it has hitherto roceived. Whether the
extraordinary efforts now put forth in Fin-
gland lo substitute flux for cotton, in part,
shall succeed or not. Sheep Husbandry is
like y to be some day both popular and profit
able m all tno cotton growing .Stales. We
hove before us a short communication from
,„* r „ £'»“« Lee, an emigrant from Wes-
200o)n e T« YOrk ’ w° k f,?P s "bout
n lox ? 8 .*. Wo will give Patent Office
questions nnd his answers :
1. What breeds of sheep prevail in your
district or section of country ?
A. Chiofly Mexican, with n smalJ admix-
turo o Merino, Southdown, Bnkowell,
and lately n few fine German bucks have
Icon introduced.
a. VVhut is nbout tho nnnunl clip of woe I
- por head ?
A. Rarely 3 pounds; Mexican sheep
yie d 2j; others (Southdown nnd Bake-
well) 31 pounds.
3. Aro sheep healthy nnd prolific in
young ?
A. Mexican sheep nre prolific, but unheal
thy; .Merinos and others healthy, qnd I
think moro productive than nt the North.
a 1 Mo tl,e prevailing disonses ?
A. Ihe rot; n kind of congeative chill
frojn 'vnnt ofsheltor ngninst “Northers,”
nnd other wants in.summer.
5. Are tho fnrmors or planters of your re
gion increasing thoir flocks ?
A. Not much; owing.to the cold weather
and bqtl grass this wini«r
0. Whero is your wool mnrketed ? .
A. In Now York nnd New Orleans.
7. What is believed to bo the cost a head
n year to keep shoep in your district ?
A. I wenty cents; which go chiefly to pay
for the services of shepherd, nnd for salt.
8. During how long n period in the winter
must your sheep receive dry fodder ?
A. Some years they are fed not at njl; in
others two months, according, to the
drought.
9. Wlinl nre your grasses and esculents
for feeding sheep in summer ?
A. Musquite or Muskeet gras
grass.
10 Whnt is the winter feed of sheep-
green or dry ? .. ■
A. Green.
It is not often thnt we aro favored with
more condensed answers to inquiries than
our correspondent has given to the above ten
questions. Mr Beck writes on the same
subject that: i‘l have never seen n shelter
thnt the rot alluded to by Mr. Lee, is owing
entirely to the want of shelter.’”
Nothing surprises a Northern mnn so
much, till he gets accustomed to it, as the
* grass, and sedge
ncnco Pledge; and what is better, never
rested until I had persuaded Ihe man whose
Bible had been of so much use to me, to
sign the Pledge likewise.
And now, Mr. President, I urn keeping
Temperance Grocery, nnd am making
restitution as fast ns possible. There are at
least a Iralfa dozen families, to whom l fur
nish a small quantity of groceries every week
mnny cases equal to the amount that used
to be spent nt my bar for liquor. Four of
my oldest and best cnslomers hnvo already
gned the pledge by my peisuusinn, and I
am not going to rest, until every man 1 help
ed to ruin, is restored to himself, his family,
and society.
A round of hearty applause followed this
address, and then another of tho ref-rmed
drinkers took the floor.
Sales»n Califorma.— We notice sales
a considerable shipment of sundries to
California, which turned out as follows.—
We quote from n northern paper.
“Thus wo find that $533,50 of proceeds
ess $533,36 of charge yielded the sum of
fourteen cents nett proceeds, which, with 36
cents more of good money, was swallowed.
iayiag the. ,40 cents.; post!
little ntlcntion pnid in the South to the con
struction of comfortable sheds for neat cattle,
mules, sheep, nnd hogs.. Tho variations in
temperature nre ns sudden nnd great in the
Southern as in the Northern States; and cold
rains nre moro copious and trying in the
Southern than in tho Northern climate.. It
is foolishness to disregard the laws of health,
or of latitudes. The fact that a kind Provi
dence has done so much for the people of the
South, inclines too many to do next to
nothing for themselves. If tho United States
heat the world nt its grand Fail in London,
in flue wool, by actual measurement, as we
think more than probable, the premium sam
ples will be the native products of a South
ern State. Might not the Editor of this
journnl be proud of such n victory ? While
ho aims to talk plainly, never harshly, to his
readers, he desires to let the world under
stand the invalunble resources of the South
ern half of this vast Confederacy. Wool is
an important staple, the annual consumption
of which increases much fuster.than popula
tion; and whereas land is impoverished by
exclusive cotton culture, it niny be economi
cally improved by combining sheep husband
ry with tillage. We know well that one
branch of agriculture can bp managed with
less care lo tho owners of a plantation than
two or three branches; hut all tilinge and no
stock, no forage crops, nor cheap manure,
rapidly detoriorato the soil. The most rigid
experiments have demonstrated that a farm
in good hands, which keeps a sheep to the
acre, will produce more wheat in 20 years
than it would without nny' sheep, and culti
vated in the usual manner. The manure
made by a sheep in nyear will produce more
vegetables than the shoep consumes. This
providential gain in fertility provides for on
increase of the ovine race; and where 'one
docs not wish lo increase his flock, he has
the raw material at hand to increase his crop
of cotton or grain. We say distinctly to our
readers, that the experience of agriculturists
since Cain tilled the earth, has shown that
husbandry and tillage should go together Of
the two operations, husbandry is the more
natural, hut certainly not the more useful.
Provide sheep with a good enclosed pasture,
and in a few years they will provide you
with a field that shall produce a double har
vest, by roason of their having run upon it.
The host crops of potatoes, corn, when' and
Imrley, wo have ever seen, in a not unobserv
ing life, were found on old sheep pastures,
broken up nnd properly cultivated. We are
not ignorant of the fact that sheep sometimes
injure lund at the South; the blame, howev
er, is in ihe husbandman, not the sheep. To
feed n field loo closely is like running it down
with colloii. A mnn must have some judge
ment to be a skillful farmer, no matter* where
lie lives. Tlie fact that a gentleman frpm
l\ estern New York, has embarked in sheep
husbandry, in Texas, without providing good
shelters for his sheep, is a mark against him.
Tho popular idea of subsisting nn the sponta-
neons fruits of the earth without labor
do for savages not for a civilized s --
Barns, nnd stables, and sheds nri
ry as .dwelling houses. Tin
as hats, shoi
shoi ” ' '
