“Americans Shall Rale America.”
TERMS—$2 00 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
ROME, GA., TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER, 18, 1855.
NUMBER 8.
#0tiricr
ti txisMKri Kvrr.v V r.SDAT nmn.
*. nwwEiu] [•» c. raun
BY DWINELL & FINLEY.
Term* of Subscription:
tl ADVANCE, PER
PaI* WrTHTX SIX I
I*AID XT THE ESP
. $2 00
. $2 50
S*&
of Adueftisimr?"
Advertisements will be
hum, Miscellaneous Advertiae-
$l per square of 12 lines or less,for tire
Sm and 50 cents for each subsequent insertion.
*tt the
PROFESSIONAL CAROS.
roRwxanncG a commission mcun,
Central WhmrCCfcarlsst—« AC.
’65 ly
DJL5IEL S. FttLTnr,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Guard Well Our Flag.
Guard well onr banner! and let none
Bat native band* uphold it,
It bas most glorious conquests won,
When native sons controlled it;
Guard well onr cherished stripes and stars,
Let no man dare deface them;
Triumphant hear them through all wan,
And die ere you disgrace them;
Guard well our flag 1 uphold it high !
Beneath its folds fight, conquer, die i
Upon its fair, unsullied face.
jponl
The
stars shine forth in splendory
January
1 $55.30,
LAW P
SHACKELFORD and JONA
THAN D. PHILLIPS wffl practice
lj, under the style of ShcckeUted A “
Office at Calhoun, Gordon county, Ga
Jan 2, IS55 ly
ETC£IC LeBIKIT,
CWIL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL
ENGINEER,
SURVEYOR AND ARCHITECT,
POST OFFICE, ROHR, GEORGIA.
HRS. T. J. A 1. C, WORD,—RESIDENT
PBISM4HS : ■'
Georgia, thankful for past favors,
etiil continue the practice of- Medicine
and respectfully solicit a continuance of pat-
«**!«. aplOly
"ROME,
XV .till
w .Drt. Smith & Wooten
TTA\ ING associated themselves in the prac-
XI tice of Medicine and Surgery, offer, their
services to the public. Dr. Smith Is prepai
to treatany diseases of the Eye and Ear. Offi
on Broad St, one door below H. A. Smith's
Back Store. fan 23 '55, fly
Z S. WOOD & GO. ROME* GA
Dealers in watches. Clocks, Jewelry,
Silver Ware, Cutlery, Plated
aad Brittannia Ware, China,
Musical Instruments, Walking-
Caces. Fancy Articles, Ac.. Ae^ Ac.
REPAIRING NEATLY EXECUTED.
may I ’5 ly
£■ w.nisauw;
MM ud Ornamental Painter, Tenders has
services to the poblie in his line of business.
He flatters hlm-elf that he will give full
S”
Is its fearless defender!
Beneath to folds, a nation great
Are freedom’s boons enjoying;
Oh may they guard onr country's fato
Prom every snare destroying!
Let them guard well, eaeh sire and son,
That Flag, the pride of WAJHtitarox !
And who would dare their lives to trust,
To make us trail ourWnner
'Neath foreign feet in native dust,
Whilst monarch* shout “hosannah V*
A thrust ef earth from native steel
WooH lay the insultew lowly,
For. freemen hold their Country’s weal
At heart most sacred, holy,
And they will guard through peace and wan
That glorious Flag of Stripe • and Stars 1
In times of peril, and of wars,
Oar fearless Tan will nail it,
To highest topmast, with husaas,
And dare oar foes assail it!
They will defend that pennant dear,
In harbor or on ocean,
And stand for action, with decks clear,
To deal out deadly potion,
With guns whose weight and aim fa trnel
These guns ’nrath Bags red, white and blue!
We ask no- plead for foreign aid,
Its succor or protection,
Extract:
To carry an election;
Bat all we want, and it well do—
Natives shall rale onr Nation—
And will oppose with valor true
All Papal Innovation,
Will guard car flag! uphold It high !
And 'aeath its folds ight.conquer, die 1
Nicaragua.
The following description of Nicaragua wil*
at the present time be interesting:
On the west Ufa washed by the Pacific Ocean,
and partly on the east by the Carribean Sea
The Mosqaitto Territory forms a large share of
its eastern boundary. Honduras borders it on
the north aad Costa Rica oa the couth. Its
area Is about forty nine thousand square miles,
and the population is estimated at two hundred
and forty seven thousand. The females are said
to greatly exceed the males in number. Not
more than twenty thousand of the people are
whites, the rest being negroes, Indians and
mixed races. Most of tho population Kve In
_ of them going several miles to labor
in the fields. The plantations are scattered nret-
«y well over the country, and are reached by
paths so obscure as almost to escape the notice of
^trough
will be promptly attended to.
And Blind and Sash Factory ! 1
STANDISH fit BLAKEMAN
Successors ofJ«(.tL Snmter, contin-
lue to manutetare all kinds of FDR
N ITl RE and SASH and BLINDS oa the
most reasonable terms, at the old stand
Rrvad Street. March27.—ly
MERCHANT'S COLDER BELL
PERFUMERY AND SOAPS
ASS T X X BEST X X J> E
567 BROADWAY,
Conors e» prince street, 5. r_
ASK FOR THEM WHEN SHOPPING.
oc9 3m
Cothran, Pentecoslfc eo,
Factors, Commission Jferebanfe,
AND FORWARDING AGBTS.
Grain, Flour and other kinds of Coun
try Produce.
Agents for Etowah Iron Works and Mills
and Agents for Coosa River
S tears bri 2 t C o m dr n v.
W g Cothran, ) OFFICB* 1 ^ Borne, Ga.
FT Pentecost, > near rail
JM Elliott. J eo ad depot ( Octobers ly
RICHARD A. JONES
• .V vzAikx is
FOREICS in DOMESTIC BABBLE,
NEAR THE DEPOT,
Madison, pa.
MONUMENTS, TOMBS AND HEADSTONES
AI wars on hand.
WILCOX, HASH AID AffSLEY,
WHOLESALE GROCERS*
Aagasta, 6s.
In calling attention to the above card we would
ado that Mr. Hand will remain in New York,
where he will give hie exclusive attention to
purchasing goods; this will enable ns to offer
greater advantages than were possessed by onr
late firm.
Particular attention given to consignment of
Produce, and orders for goods- aug2lly
T. K. Ill PLEY,
ATLANTA, GA.
BALER is China, Crockery, and Glass
Lamps of ail kinds; Oils, Cam-
and Alcohol by the bbL Terms
advance. Jan 9, 1855 ly
J. M. TOW4NSON, ‘
P LAIN, Honte Sign, Coach, Passenger Car*
Fresco, Ornamental and Decorative Painter
Also manufacturer of Gilt Glass Door Plates
Window Sign*, Numbers for Public Houses
Churches and Street Number*.
Opposite Jacob Haas A Co. White Hall Street
Atlanta, Ga. Jen 9.1856 ly.
FULTON HOUSE,
Atlanta, Georgia*
' THE undersigned take this method of
.informingtbe pubiicjbat they are the Pro
prietors of the Tulttm House which is now be-
• iog fitted up with new Furniture, on which, with
other appendages, they feel prepared to wake
their guests comfortable. They pledge tbeir
efforts to give satisfaction to tbeir guests. Trav
elling custom is respectfully solicited.
Francis M. Ahbr.it, Book Keeper.
JOBS N. REEVES, A, E. REEVES,
of Augusta, Ga. of Rome, Ga.
Atlanta, Feb. 20, ’55. ly
dwelling* or the people are usually of canes,
thatched with palm, although the better class
es construct their residences of abodes, and by
tho help of fruit and shade trees planted in
the court yard, render many of them exceed
ingly pleasant. A range of mountains extend
along the west coast of the State, at a distance
of a. fow mllM from the mb, but attaining no
great elevation until they approach the coniines
of Costa River, irben they reach the height of
from five to eleren thousand feet. In the cen
tral part of tiie State Is an immense level tract,
known aa the plains of Nicaragua, comprising
in its area the lakes of that name. Numerous
volcanoes exist along the Pacific coast. There
area considerable number of rivers, but none of
them except the San Juan are navigable in a
commercial sense. Feins of copper and silver
ore of exceeding richness are found in many
parts, but they remain almost all of them either
unexplored or superficially worked. Gold, also
Is said to exist. The climate is healthy though
varying. In the interior and mountain parts
the temperature is more dry and coel than on
thawast, .when it fa hot ood approaching to tion.
humid. The greater portion of this State con
sists in plains and gentle slopes formed of a
rich black loam, of which but a small portion
is made available. - Hie productions are rice,
indigo, wheat, coffee, cotton of soperior quality,
corn, sugar, Ac., besides oranges, lemons, and
fruits of various kinds. The great bane of the
neihtiy ka keen civil Wars, and it was one of
these which enabled Col. Walker to achieve his
almost bloodless conquest.
Fashionable Church or New York.—You
enter the church porch. The portly sexton,
with his thumbs in the arai'-holes of his vest,
meets yon at the door. Ho glances at you;
your hat and coat are new, so he graciously es
cort* yon to an eligible scat in the broad aisle.
Close behind yon follows a poor, meek, plainly
clad seamstress, deprived from her treadmill
round to think one day in seven, of the immor
tal! Tfae.sexton is struck With sudden blind-
• ! she stands embarrassed one moment ;
then as the troth dawns upon her, retraces her
steps,and with a crimson blush, recrosses the
tfaresbbold which she has profaned with her
plebian feet. Hark to the organ ! It is a strain
from Norma, slightly Sabbath-ized; Now the
worbippers one after another glide in—silks
rattle—plumes wave—satin glistens—diamonds
glitter, and scores of forty-dollar handkerchiefs
shake out their perfumed odors. What an ab
surdity to preach the Gospel of the lowly Naxa-
rite to socm a sot! The clergy knows better
than to do so.' He values bis fat salary and
▼et tread be walks^all round the ton command
ments—places the downiest pillow nnder the
* ing profligate's bead—and ushers him with
seraphic hymning into an upper ton Heaven.
Faust Fern.
Message of tho Governor
of South Carolina.
Tho Free School system will receive at your
bands that consideratfoF'which Its importance
demands. Its results have ^faston%fcfor short
of lie object, that it may be pronoun
nra. Its defoots have been long felt, and yet
nothing bee been done except to double the , of ell
sum of money to be waoted nnder n bed system. ‘
It requires thorough and entiro reformation.
It fa unfortunate that the end whieh was evi
dently contemplated by the eat of 1811 has been
abandoned, and that what was intended to in
troduce gradually a general eyetem of common
schools has been perverted to the exclusive
education of paupers. In my judgment wo
would return to; the policy of 1811, and to
took to inaugurate a system whieh, in its ulti
mate development, should bring the means
or education, within tho roach of every family
inthe8tato. * A perfect seheme cannot be ma
tured at once. It U easy to devise a beautiful
and consistent plan, as a thing of speculation,
bnt it could not so readily be pat into operation
—pertly from the want of meant, partly from
leek of interest in the benefits of instruction,
end especially from the iu.possibility of pro-
coring competent teachers.—Our inoipient mea
sures should look to the doable end of creating
« popular demand for education, and of fur
nishing instructors able to supply it. Normal
schools, as being too exclusively professional,
are unsuited to the former purpose, and until
that fa accomplished, nothing is gained by the
preparation of teachers. It seems to me that
in conformity with the principle that knowledge
descends, and that the supply creates the de
mand, the first step should be to establish a
Ugh school In eaeh distriet in the State, in
which pnpils could be prepared for business or
the university, and from which a certain num
ber of indigent young men of industry and
promise should be sent to eoilege at the
expense of the State, upon the condition of
devoting themselves to the office of teaching
for a specified period after their graduation.
Tho next step should be to institute, as teachers
and pupils could be obtained, inferior schools
in every portion of the land, until the means
of instruction are made accessible to mil. The
high ookoefa, as a preliminary measure, would
be a real and efficient provision for popular in
struction. Light cannot be confined. “A city
set on an hill eannot be hid.” Intelligence is
essentially diffusive, and whatever increases
learning in one portion of the community, ele
vates the standard of thought in all.—The high
schools would at once create a demand for the
inferior, and furnish the means of providing
them with teachers.
If the State, however, should decline to em :
bark in a general system, and should continue
to restrict its appropriation to the indigent,
the principle which at present regulates the
distribution of the fund should certainly be
changed. By ear poblie policy, education-is
denied to one-half of our population. The
other half would constitute our political vitali
ty, are unequally distributed over the State;
and it is this portion of our population whom
it is ear duty and ear policy to educate. The
distribution should be in proportion to white
population. If the State undertakes to raise a
fund to educate the poor, it should be spent
where it is most needed.—Under the present
method, no more money is allowed in one sec
ern* im--mu Mimmumr-TO uvo or sixtjuiwiiwi
children, than In another for ten or a dozen.
In a matter of such vital importance to the
WESTERS A ATLANTIC HOTEL.
DALTON, GA.
BY MBS MARTHA W FIELD.
THIS new and elegant Hotel,
fit)a ting Hamilton Street and the_
of the Western k Atlantic Railroa<
for the reception of traveller* and
No pains will be spared to make it
y House on the road, and to render
saefa as may call. The rooms are
ell ventilated. Persons visiting
Mines, and the mountains in Murray
find no difficulty in procuring hor-
Itp convey them to either of
n-
The Collossal Washington Monument for
America.—The London Builder gives the fol-
lowing account of aa importantatep in the prog
ress of this work:
The casting of the horse for this monument,
at Munich, is one of the great feats of Modern
foundry, a* fifteen tons of bronze had to be
be melted, and kept in a state offluidity. For
several days and nights previously a large fire
was at these huge masses, which required to be
stirred at times. When the bronze was liqui
fied, an ultimate assay was made In a. small
tidal east, and to heighten the color, some more
copper was added. Successively all the cham
bers through which the metal had to flow In the
form, were cleared of the coal with which they
bad been kept warm, and the master examined
all the air spiracles and the issues of tho metal:
the props of the tubes were then placed, and
every man bad his duty and place assigned to
him. Finally, the master, amid the intense
expectation of the many art amateurs present,
pronounced the words “in the name of God,”
and three mighty strokes opened the fiery guff,
ontof which the glowing metal flowed in a cir
cuit to the large form. The sight was magnifi
cent, and in the little sea of fire stood the mas
ter, and gave his commands abont the successive
opening of the props. Hot vapour poured from
the air spiracles; in the conduits the metal
boiled in waves; still no decision yet, as the
influx of the bronze in the very veins of the
figure could be slow. At once, flaming showers
jumped out of the air conduits, and the master
proclaimed the cast to have succeeded. A loud
cheer followed, when the master approached
Mr. Crawford, the artist of the Washington
monument, to congratnlate him on this success.
Another cheer was given to M. de Milter, the
chief of the royal foundry of Munieh, who per
sonally conducted the work. . .
Brigham Young, it is said, bas now seventy
wives.
State, district and parish lines should be dis
regarded. Whether we live in the monntins
or on the seaboard, in the midst of light or
surronnded by ignorance, we are all equally
interested in the noble work, and into whatever
benighted part of tbo State the rays of knowl
edge can be made to penetrate, we should feel
as citizens of the same State, enjoying one re
nown, and linked to one destiny, that the par
tial blessing is the general good. If the rich^
do pay largely to the support of government,
they eqjoy large protection, and they will con
sult true policy by contributing liberally to the
cause of education, where suffrage is universal,
and government rests directly on the public
will. Superficial knowledge is better than no
knowledge, for, after all, the truths that regu
late .the relations of lifo are plain, and lie near
the surface. An ignorant people may passively
eqjoy liberty, but they cannot feel its inspira
tion,' and will bring no sacrifice to its altar.
I will not on* such an occasion enlarge on
the necessity and importance of public instruc
tion. AH civilized governments recognise the
"duty, and labor to meet its requirements. The.
subject addresses itself with peculiar force to a
slaveholding community. The world owes its.
civilisation to slavery. It exists with us in its
desirable and enduring form. “It is the cor
ner stone of our republican edifice,” and its
strongest defence will be found in the education
of those entrusted with its preservation
It is, however, impossible that the present
system, or any other, can be made to work well
without a responsible head. There must be
and eneigy. AUcw me to urge updn you, as
has often been done, the necessity of appoint
ing a Superintendent of Poblie Instruction.
Select a man suitable for the work. Pay bim
liberally.. Cheap officers usually render cheap
service. Make it bis duty to visit every neigh
borhood in the State, and ascertain where
schools are needed—where school houses may
be conveniently located—where, owing to
S ameness of population, they cannot—where
>ie who are able to educate will unite with
tiie State in the establishment of Academies.
In a word, do as has bas been done elsewhere
—have q survey of the field of ignorance, and
with the map before you, decide on your sys
tem. -Make at least this effort, and if it results
in nothing—if in oonsequence of insurmount
able difficulties in our condition, no improve
ment can be made on the present system, and
the poor of the land are hopelessly doomed to
ignorance, poverty-and crime—yon will at least
feel conscious of having done your duty, and
the publie anxiety on the subject be quieted.
From the Savannah Journal A Courier.
Stoell-headism.
Let us analyse his anatomy. What are the
elements of whioh he is eomposed f Breast
pins, finger rings, fobehatns, pearl head rattan*,
flesh colored kid gloves, tnoroeco bootees, silk
stodHfega» fancy cravats, end tbs otto of roses.
i ingredients, he It » breathing con-
ooction, ewrrabfcatbe venders thereof finds
patron, nnder whose diiaiffipgefaiding smiles trade
cannot languish. WhenWerfeB treat* a fath
ionable promenade to an eraqjqg stroll, he
becomes a walking advertlsemei
draper tailor. Afidf this is wbat I
my allualon to the use his existence might in
sure to prirsto enterprise. Ah ! bas he not
abundant reason to inwardly rejoice that with
him it is not as it is, with some other men—that
A* does not belong to that accursed number, who
must depart For “that bourne from whence no
traveler returns,” overwhelmed with the petri.
fying conscientiousness that he has lived to no
purpose. But anatamstizing a bag of wind and
chaff is insinuating that the gains is at least
worth the ammunition of time and space that
necessarily must be consumed for that purpose.
But for the purpose of disarming any inclina
tion that may be manifest to misinterpret my
language and to prevent an innocent misappre
sion of my object. I deem this a piece proper
enough to state, that nothing is or can bo, more
foreign to my feelings, than an allusion ever so
remote, to the home society in Savannah. It
is not a legitimate subject matter for public an
imadversion if it deserved it. Aristocracy is
the prerogative of the Ladies j every reason
however that sustains it among tbetn, signally
fails to serve the same purpose fa thtt country,
among the sterner sex. Humanity’s divinest
blessing is woman’s immaculate Tpurity
Against promiscuous acquaintances she Cafliiot
too fastidiously guard. Her fall is society’s
direct corse, her own inevitable annihilation.
The soul that is the very christillisation of in-
erity, is no hmu let against slander’s viper fang.
But, admit that too much precaution, on the
other band, may exercise an unsalutuiy influ
ence at home, it can in no wise affect the nse
and progress of a great commercial emporium,
struggling to attain wealth and power. But
before passing to the branch of the subject that
suggested its treatment in this manner, without
intending to impugn the independence of onr
fair country women, or attribute to them any
of the infirmities of Swell Headism, I crave per
mission to make allusion to one prominent fact
in the public history of Savannah, that emacks
right smartly of it, and if it seems ungallantly
severe, must be admitted to be righteously just.
I allude to the first qnestion generally asked
when a visit to the Theatre is suggested. It is
not, what is the play ? Nor is it, who are the
stars ? But it is who is going to 4>e there to
night f Now this is an age, and a country in
which woman’s social influence is almost om
nipotent. Whatever she takes up, and franks
with her sweet “amen,” passes on to public fa
vor and permanent prosperity. The legitimate
drama is the great school master of our day and
generation. In this best of all schools, the
minds and hearts are educated at one and the
same time. The hideous deformity of vice, is
no where else so effectnally expbsed and the
glory and grandcor of virtue, is no where else
out of the Bible, clothed with so sublime a light,
. so nal<»»>»»1. How coold it be other-„
when tbe gifted living common* with the
illnatrluus cle*<J; under inspiration's enchanting
sp«U ; and then again it is in the responses of
this intellectual oracle, that we get tbe quintes
sence of pure revivifying literature. It is here
the rusty historian bas his fading recollections
brightened up, and the gifted colloqnist .and
popular orator, aro taught the magic of elocu
tion. The stage is the mirror of the refined
grace nf the courtly manners and elegant bree
ding. “The plays tbe thing,” and yet our fair
friends seldom grace the dress circle of the
“Athenaeeam,” all because the question of who
is going to “come to-night,” eannot be always
satisfactorily answered. Is it not enough to
bo known that if there be present but one solita
ry representative of her gentle sex, that alone
will be a guaranty of perfect order, and that if
every fashionable lady in Savannah were pres
ent, old Shakspeare would have nothing more
nor lees to say than be will anyhow. These
banquets of witty daioties, are '‘cut and dried, 1
and never changed to suit the revellers, and
pray tell me what would you think of a lady
who would quietly lock up a dish of strawber
ries and cream, until she could learn who ate
that delicious fruit this season.
her roads were seen no laboring tenmsdragging I
tbe heavy bales a hundred miles to market at a
cost of teo dollar* the bale. All this, however,
did Alabama and Alabama’s legislators witness,
and yet there is no hope from them to secure us
from simitar misfortunes in the future. An
other year may witness the same suffering and
misfortunes, and tbe same stolid apathy of tbe
law -makers. And yet the means of averting all
similar calamities in years to come are so obvi
ous and easy. The credit of the State is equal
to any demand that oonld, in reason, be made
upon it. The treasunrv is overflowing with
by a taxation comparatively light,
out a murmur by those upon whom
its entire bufcflw falls. With this unimpaired
State credit, and this surplus money flowing into
the State treasury, a safe sy teta of Stale aid to
nil roads might be inaugorated, which would
in a very few years place Alabama, iu a condi
tion as prosperous and as enviable as that of her
sister State.
• ••*•*
Truly the contrast between Alabama and
Goergia is humiliating to the former. In the
one State tbe interests of faetion are held of
secondary importance atad subservient to the
prosperity ot the commonwealth ; while in the
other party success is tbe chief aim of the poll
tician, and the welfare of the State at large is
overlooked and trampled nnder foot in the
reckless strife of faction. When will this con
dition of things change f Not, we fenr, until
years have rolled afoond—not ontill tbe masses
have become more enligbted. and the people
better acqneinted with their true interests.”
The Ttrasht of Easbiox,—Men and wo
men now-a-days, bow equally to tbe goddess of
Fathion. Tho highest art is now brought into
requisition to impart the hoes to a garment or
to give it tbe desired form. Human ingenuity
exhausts itself to find novelty for the in-com
ing styles, aod eaoh succeeding change of the
moon astonishes us with new beauty or conve
nience nntbongbt of before. It is this constant
fickleness ef tbe flaunting goddess that compels
“Pamroy k Gregory” to burthen the Expresses,
weekly with specimens of the “fast revolving”
fashions. Tbeir establishment is a vast boazar
in which the substantial, the delicate, the cost
ly, the cboap, but chiefly tbe rich, fanotfulaod
nniquein gentlemen’s gear, are always found
in vast quantities.
Fifahces of Georgia.—We find, says the
Charleston Standard, among the proceedings
of the Georgia Legislature, the report of the
Committee on Finances, which gives ns some
desirable information in reference to tbe reve
nues of that State. Tbe general tax assessed
io 1854 yielded $372,214 00. The tax on Bank
stock give $26,267, aod the earnings of tbe
Western k Atlantic Railroad amounted to
$100,000, The disbursements daring tbe same
time amounted to $441,427, leaving a balance
to tbe credit of tbe State of $170,422. Re
ferring to the report of the Comptroller Gen
eral of this State it will be seen that there is
little difference in either tbe receipts or expen
ditures of South Carolina and Georgia. Tbe
receipts of this State, it will be remembered,
were $661,682. Tho disbursements $484,883
Tbe receipts from the goneral tax are very
nearly the same. Those from South Carolina
having been $377,601. The vested foods of the
State, however, have been more immediately
profitable. Tbe $4,000,000 invested by Geor
gla in her State road bas yielded only one
hundred thousand; while a less amount inves
ted in the Bank of the State has returned $273
000. The disbursements of this State would
be much less in proportion, but for the costs of
tbo new State Houso; of the $484,883 expen
ded, $83,105 has been to the corront operations
of that work, $11,080 to the interost on tho
$tate |Iouse jionfla. 1
Internal Improvements.
The Tuscaloosa Monitor has the following
well-timed article on State aid, from which we
make the following extracts:
“Georgia ranks as the first among the South
ern States. Her wealth, the prosperity of her
citisens, tbe increasing population of her cities,
tho success of her manufactories, surpasses that
<>f any other manufacturing State South, and, in
fact the universal energy which pervades every
enterprise and every deportment of bu«iness in
her community are the themes of admiration
and praise. She bas immeasurably out-stripped
Alabama in social progress and looks back from
a far advanced position upon her less success
ful competitor in the race.
“The time was, some three years ago, when
Georgia rested in precisely the same condition
which Alabama is now placed in. Her best lands
were rapidly exhausting. The thin soil was
washed away from her red bills, whilo waste
fields and deserted habitations everywhere met
the gaze of the traveller. The tide of emigration
had set westward io search of tresh lands and
rich river bottoms, where the ever exhaustive
cotton plant could rapidly transfer the wealth
of the fertile soil to the pockets of over-hasty
avarice. Tbe State was fast sinking in the social
scale, and without some active measure of legis
lative wisdom would still recede, still sink lower.
Her legislators in the time of great need wore
not found recreant to the trust reposed in them.
With a wise foresight, which exposes to shame
tho narrow, contracted and lamentable policy of
Alabama's weak rulers, they boldly launched
out into an enterprise, or series of enterprises,
which was destined to torn back the tide of pop
ulation into her territory, to repeople her barren
bills and reolothe her wasted valleys with the
verdnre of growing wheat and corn. Extensive
wilderneeies and pine forests, that had never
known a population, are now opened to the in
dustrious farmer, and lands which before had
no value are now in agreat domand with advanc
ing prices. Soils which would not produee cot
ton, and on which wheat crops would have been
wholly unprofitable for the want of means of
transport"tion to market have all at once as
serted their superior value, and tbo curront year
witnesses vast stores of wheat produced on them,
and carried away to Northern markets. Vast
mineral wealth, which bad heretofore lain un
cared fur and unnoticed in plaoes inaccessible
to profitable labor, is now beginning to yield
its inexhaustible supply to tbe coffers of indus
try. She owes this to her railroads.
Alabama has of lato undergone the pressure of
a continued drouth, such as wo hope may never
visit usagain. Ourriveri werenlmostdriedup,
and every avenue to market was closed. The
scanty surplus products ef our soil lay rotting
upon our bands, while tbe common necessaries of
life, such as flour, salt and meal, to which wo had
never before failed to havo aceess, could no Ion-
f or be brought to us, save at enormous expense.
n addition to the aotual deprivation, under
which overy class of tbe inland community suf
fered, an undefined terror and dread of worse
things to oome, hung over, and damped the
hopes of all. While snob was onr lot; Georgia,
onr unfortunate neighbor, though the same
parching drought bad prevailed throughout her
domain, bore lightly and almost imperoeptably
the burden whieh nearly weighed ns down.—
From her cities came no complaints of scarcity
of flour ; it may have been high in price, but
•till it was in hand. From no section of her
community did there go up petitions to tho
Governor, praying in God’s name a little ohari-
ty, a little bread to feea tbe famishing. Upon
tho banks of her rivers lay no heaps of rotting
potfon, and along through tho mud and miro of
9 " | y i
Correspondence of tbe Charleston Standard,
Washihotoh, Dec. 4,1855,
The Congress of tbe United States met in
the Capitol of the Union yesterday, and what
is singular in the hi*toT7 of our Government,
nearly every member of the Lower Souse Was
present and at his post of doty, ready for the
fight. Tbe Senate met and adjourned profor-
nta, there being no organization necessary, it
bging a continnou* body. In the Honse, how
ever, everything was wild excitement, confu
slob and uproar. At the fall of the Clerk’i
hammer, order was had, and after calling tbe
roll of members tbe balloting for Speaker com
menced. The galleries were crowded with cu
rious spectators, and hundreds of pens and
pencils were called into requisition to note ev
ery vote cast The Administration Democrats
having nominated the Hon. Wm. A. Richard
son, voted for him all through, and he poUed
regularly seventy-four.
The opposition, as I mentioned in my last
letter they would be, were very much scattered
—Campbell, of Ohio, leading the field—and
the National Know-Nothings, thirty in number,
voting for Humphrey Marshall, of Kentucky.
Tbe South Carolina members supported Mr.
Riebardson, although a portion of them decli
nod going into the caucus. I would here state
that Col. Orr positively declined permitting
hia name to be used before Mr. Richardson’
name was mentioned.
After four ballots yesterday, resulting pro
cisely tbe same way, an adjournment was had,
with a view to giving an opportunity to recon
ciling the opposing elements among the allies.
Greely predicted on son day that they would
succoed in electing Black Republcan Speaker
on the first day of the session, but he calcula
ted kt least once without his host. It is now
very evident to all who look beneath the surface
of things here, that Greely and Seward are
aiming at something beyond tbe mere organi
zation of tbe Honse. Things are being arran
ged for tbe Presidential election, and Congress
is to be prepared to ran Seward straight through
to the White House, if an election by the peo
ple can be defeated. This is now the game
beyond a doubt.
The National Know-Nothings, swearing hos
tility to eveiy thing tinctured with Black Re
publicanism, are disposed to affiliate with tbe
Demacrats, bnt the latter have planted their
banner and are determined not to. move an
inch. If tbe Know-Nothings come to them
well, but no compromise is their motto.
The final result is very doubtfal. Some of
the "old ones” think that Campbell will be
eventually thrown overboard, and Banks of
Massachusetts, reinforced. Of one thing I feel
satisfied, and that is, tbe Seward^organization
cannot be bad, and Greely will lose bis game.
After a few ballots this morning, something
more definite can be ascertained. Nothing was
said yesterday as to the other officers. Judges
Butler and Evans are here, and in fine health.
More anon. Itahhoe.
Correspondence of the Charleston Standard.
Washington, December 9th, 1855.
There was a complete bursting up of the
Republican Banks yesterday—not that we are
in the midst of a financial crisis, but Mr.
Banks, of Massachusetts, had a decided run
upon him yesterday for the Speakership,
which continued until the adjournment—the
highest vote for him being just one hundred,
which was the full measure of his stiength,
and twelve less than were necessary to elect.
Thns Mr. Banks, like Mr. Campbell, has had
bis day, and is now numbered among the
things that were. On Monday a similar game
will be played with Mr. Fuller, and then Mr.
Pennington will follow. They will go the
same road—all destined alike to defeat. I say
this in tbe face of the confident assertions of
tbe friends of both these- gkntlemcn, that one
or the other of them will be eloctcd to-morrow.
I don’t believe it. I predict that no man now
running will be elected Speaker. A new man
is to win the prize, and I hear mnny members
intimate that tho Hon. James L. Orr is the only
man who can unite a majority of the whole
vote. His superior ability is recognized and
acknowledged by all, while bis course in Con
gress has been high-toned and conctiiatory.
The next best chance for sneoess to Mr. Orr, I
conceive to be the Hon. Charles J. Faulkner,
of Virginia. He, too, is a high-toned gentle
man of fine order of talent, and possesses, in
an eminent degree, all the qualities requisite
for a successful presiding officer. Mr. Faulkner
could combine a powerful vote, and may yet
be tbe speaker of tbe 34th Congress.
The late dispa tchcs received from Oregon
and Washington territories, Report a most dis
tressing state of affairs in that far off region.
The hostile bands of Indians are ravaging the
whole country, and spreading death and do-
strnotion among the settlers. The most de
cisive steps hare boon taken by the federal
goveruient to arrest this bloodshed, and pun
ish tbe aggressors. The following order will
be found to vindicate protty clearly that the
government is in earnest in the matter.
The Grave of Madison.—A correspondent
of the Frederioksburg News, in Culpepper
county, Va., gives a melancholy picture of the
last resting place of the illustrious Madison.
He lies with his family in a grave yard a short
distance from his house, npon bis estate of
Montpelier; the family cemetery is surrounded
by a brick wnll, and tho gate is entirely down.
Tho correspondent says that not a stone marks
the great man’s resting place; dark running
green box wraps it with verdure, and tbe tra
cery of branches from an old, leafless chestnut
tree, receiving itself against the warm aznre
sky, nod «ud wave over the dark mountain.
’Tis a solemn, calm and peaceful spot. Tbe
correspondent adds that Mrs. Madison’s re
mains are in the vault of the Congressional bu
rial ground in Washington ; her diroction was
to be interred by the side of her husband, but
hor son has never fulfilled her request.
A Printer’s Declaration.
In the last number of the Carlisle Demo
crat, Gen. Boyer releases himself from those
-who bare taken his paper, without ever intend
ing to pay for it, in the following and bold
declaration:
When in the coarse of rascaHy events it be
comes necessary for a hungry and half starved
editor to dissolve tbe bands which hare con
nected him with villainons patrons (?) and as
sume among mankind that separate and jnst
station to which bis poverty land independence
of spirit entitles him, a descent respect for tbe
opinions of his honest supporters requires that
he should dec loro the causes which hare im
pelled him to the separation.
We hold these troths to be self-evident; that
editors were created like other, men, tbnt they
were endowed with certain natdral propensities
that among them is a disposition .to eat, drink
and keep themselves comfortably clad—to se
cure these blessings, laws were instituted among
men, securing to tbe creditor bis boneit and
jnst dues ; but when a villainons $300 exemp
tion act becomes destructive of these ends, it is
our right to institnto anew system, laying its
foundation in such principles- as shall seem
most likely to protect us in future from all fraud
and imposition. Prndence, indeed, will die-
tote that friendship long established should
not he severed for light and transient causes ;
and accordingly all experience bas shown that
editors are more disposed to suffer while evils
are sufferable, than to right themsdves by
abolishing the form to which they are accus
tomed. But when long standing abases, and a
total disregard for every generous feeling; hav
ing in view the. same object, evidences a de
sign to reduce to absolnte starvation him who
labored for years to supply them with their,
mental aliment, It is his doty to - repudiate
friendship, and provide new guards for his fu
ture security. The history of these outlaws is
a history of repeated injuries and insults, all
having io direct object the peenniary destruc
tion of their best friend and benefactor. To,
prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid
mind.
They have refused time and again, to pay ns
the first continential 'dingbat,' although re
peatedly called npon to do so.
They have refused to supply us with Wood,
corn, oats, potatoes, beabs, peas, pork and
poultry— although onr appeals were long, load
and pathetic—fixin’s inestimable to os, and
formidable to rascals only. .
They have refused to supply us with any aid.
.whatsoever, to faciliate onr business operations ;
thus rendering ns ib a measure incapable of
pursuing with a light heart and buoyant spirit
our legitimate business ; the office, in the mean
time exposed to all the danger of aa invasion
from without and convulsions within;
They have endeavored to prevent the popu
lation of these States by depriving ns of tho
means necessary to feed and clothe the youing
Naragansetts according to onr desires.
They have combined with others to sbhject
ns to the worst grievances,'foreign to nor good
nature, and unacknowledged by onr laws.
For catting off onr trade with paper makers.
For imposing debts npon ns without onr con
sent.
For depriving ns, in many cases of the bone-
fits of market money.
They have" plnndered onr pockets, cheated
onr creditors, burnt onr fingers, and done sun
dry other cruel and barberons acts unworthy
the character of gentlemen. -
In every stage of these oppressions, we have
petitioned in the most bmnble terms I onr re
peated petitions have been answered, only by
repeated neglect aad consequent injury. ’ Men
whose characters are thus marked by acts
which may define a set of plundering scamps
are unfit longer to be the recipients of our fa
vor.
Marbiaob.—Marriage is certainly nn institu ■
tion calculated for a constant scene of ns much
delight as onr-being in capable of. Two per
sons who have chosen each other out of all the
species, Wlln design to be other’s mutual com
fort and entertainment, have in that action,
bound themselves to be good-humored, affable,
discreet/forgiving,patient,and joyfdl, with res
peet to each other's frailties and imperfections,
to the end of tbeit lives. The wiser of the two
(and it always happens one of them is such)
will, for her or his own sake, keep thing? from
ontrage with the utmost sanctity. When this
union is preserved, (as I have often said,) the
most indifferent;circumstance administers de
light. Their condition is an endless source of
new gratification. Tbo married’ man can say,
“If I am unacceptable to all the world beside,
there is one whom 1 entirely love, that will re
ceive me with joy and transport, and think her
self obliged to doable her kindness and caresses
of me from tbe gloom with which she sees mo
overcast. I need not dissemble the sorrow of
my heart to be agreeable there j that very sor
row quickens her affection.”
True.—The loveliest valley has a mnddy
swamp; the noblest mountain a piercing blast)
and the prettiest face some ngly feature. Tbe
fairest face is tho most subject to freckles: and
tbe handsomest girl is apt to be prond; the
most sentimental young lady loves cold pork,
and the gravest mother lets her children go
ragged. The kindest wife will sometimes over
look tin absent shirubutton, and the best hus
band forget to kiss hfe wife every time he steps
outside the- gate, and the best dispositioned
chHdrenin the world get angry and squall; and
tbe'smartest scholar will miss a lesson, and tbe
wittiest say something stnpied, and the wittL
est essayist write something nonesense; and
stars will fall, and the moon suffer eclips,—and
men won’t be angels, nor earth be heaven.
FaoFttABLE War.—Enemies are as impor
tant as any malignant spirits, and yon might as
well hope to shoot sin stone-dead as to shoot
an enemy. There is but one way by which
one catt kill an enemy, and that is by putting
coals of fire upon his head ; that does the bu
siness for him at once. Lie in wait for him,
and When yon catch him in trouble, faint from
hanger or thirst, or shivering with cold, spring
upon himlike a good Samaritan, with youf
hatods/eyes, tongue, and heart full of good gifts.
Feed him, give him drink, aad warm him with
clothing and words of kindness, and he is done
for. Yon have killed an enemy, and made a
friend atone shot. [Meth. Mag.
r
Crops op Sugar.—The New Orleans Brice
Current ? of the 1st inst,, thus refers to the fof
the coming.crop of Sugar ,*
With repect to the crop, it is quite certain
that the grinding .season, on ths whole, has
been a very unfavorable on# thus far, the wea
ther daring a large portion of the time haring
been showery, with an unreasonably low tem»
peratnre, and these drawbacks, added to tbe
disadvantages which the crop labored under in
the early part of tbe season, and which have
heretofore been referred to have tended to re
duce tbe estimates much below the product of
last yeaiy which - prodnet was le3s than that of
the year previous in tho large amonnt of 102,-
OOOhhds. U
Nor have we been wanting !n attention to
these men; we have warned them from time
to time through the paper and by letter of a
“Black List” We have reminded them of onr
circumstances—of onr emigration and settle
ment in Carlisle. We have appealed to tbeir
sense of justice and magnanmity, and then we
have conjured them by all the.ties of good fob
lowship, to send us the 'Almighty Dollar,’ or
we would’inevitably interrupt our connection
and correspondence with them. Bnt they have
been deaf to the voice of reason and hnfiianity.
We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity
which denounces our separation, and hold them
as we do, and all others like them, scamps
when they don’t pay ns, when they do> the
best of clever'fellows and good citizens.
We, therefore, the editor of the American
Democrat,-appealingto all honest men for the
rectitude of onr intentions, do in tbe name and
by the authority of our 'better half } and nine
small children, with one on the bosom, solemn-,
ly publish and declare these men are, and of
right oqght to be, stricken from onr list of sub
scribers, and that all connection between them
and ns, is and ought to be, totally dissolved.-
And forthe support of this declaration, with a
firm reliance on the protection of oar honest
patrons, we solemnly pledge renewed exertions
to our pen, our past pot aad noble scissors.
CoKfe to his Senses.—The Seneca Fall* Re-
vitte, fearfully tells tbe following “melancholy
affair f “At Niagara Falls, last Friday night,
a yonng man, name unknown, who had been
disappointed in love, walked out to tbe preci
pice, took off his hat and coat, and c anting one
lingering look into the golf beneath him—tur
ned and went back tohis hotel! His body was
found the next morning—in bed.
The yonng woman who was driven to distrac
tion, How fears that she will have to walk back.
A Yankee poet thus describes the excess o
his devotion to his true love:
I sing her praise in poetry;
From earlyjmorn to dewy ere;
I cries whole pints of bitter tears,
And wipe them with my sleeve.
A countryman was induced to make his first
visit to a treatre, a few nights since, and aftef
the performance Was over, was asked how he
was pleased with it.
“Wall,” said he, “I like the picters (meaning
the scenery,) party well) bat them play fellows
talked too much.’’. * -
We see it stated: in &n exchange that the
Russian is both a soft and beautiful language.
It may be eo in the estimation of some people,
as there is no accounting for taste. From what
We have seen of the names of Rnsian officers, we
would consider the language about as soft as
gun flints, and as beautiful a£ a dead mule.
PBOORR8AION.—The sun rises and sets, the
■tars vanish and return again, and all the
spheres hold their cycle-dance. But thoy nev
er return precisely as they disappear; and in
the shining fountains of life there is also life
and progress. Every hour which they bring
every morning and every croning, sinks down
with new blossiugs on the world. New life
and new lavo drop from the spheres as dew
drops from tbe cloud, and enhanco nature as
night onhancos the ofirth,
„ Usury Laws.
We received a letter from a gentleman of
Alabama, enclosing several articles, which ap
peared in the True Whig, favoring a repeat of
the Usury Laws in that State, with a request
that we would reply to them. s We are not suf
ficiently posted up on so grave a matter, as to
enter peli mell into a contest over-it. either pro
or con. Our views, however, aro very well ex
pressed in the following extract from tiie Louis
ville Journal.
Repeal or the Usury Laws.—“There has
been a bill introduced into onr Legislature to
repeal the usuary laws. We are glad to see
this project set on foot, for it has always appeal
ed unjust to us that we should have laws regu
lating tho price of money, any more than any
other species of property, for money is as legit
imately a man’s property vs his horse, aud as
suoh wo contend that a man has a right to make
the best bargain ho can with it, as he has with
his horse or mule.”
This extract, from n Tennessee paper, is ano
ther specimen of the popular error in regard to
money, and its qualitios and attributes. Money,
whether it be metalio or paper money, is no
man’s property; it is tho property of the late.
Gold and silver (as bullion) are property, bnt
do not possess any inherent or nature power or
right to become tbe exclusive debt paying ag
ents; that right is derived from the law of the
land. Wheat, corn, iron, lead, tobaceo, or any
other article might be made money by the law :
therefore the money property of t' e precious
metals is tbe creature of law. And being mado
so by the law it should be regelated by it. As
the law establishes the first value of money, by
prescibing how many grains of gold or silver
shall compose a dollar or an eagle, so ought it
to regulate the rate of interest to be paid for the
use of it. Tho law does not undertake to regu
late tho value of horses, neither does it make
them a legal tender in tbe payment of debts,
and therefore horses and money, are not placed
on an equal footing as property. If horses are
property, money is something more the proper
ty- '
y&T' Grace humbles while it olevates, and
tbe more wo nre -loaded with Divine benefits,
the deeper should we sink under a sense of our
un worthiness. The lowest valleys are the most
fruitful on them, the gentle dew descends from
the surrounding hills, and the boughs that ore
laden with fruit bend towards the earth.
New York, Deo. 4.—A letter reoeived here
from Antigua, states that the brig Lorenzo, of
Philadelphia, was boarded in the harbor of St.
Johns. N- B., by. the British authorities, and
Ross, the negro cook, forcibly taken ashore,
under tbe pretext that bo was a slavo, restrain
ed from his liberty. Ross protested that he
was a froe man, and not a slave. At lust ac
counts he was in the hands of th6‘ police, a-
wnltin^ an investigation of his cast?,
The Hermitage.—The bill which has been
introduced in the Tennessee Legislature to pur
chase the hermitage:in the name of the State,
proposes to establish an agricultural and mili
tary school at that place-rtbe purchase to re*
quire the issue of State bonds to an amonnt not
more titan $60,000. -
BailbU.— 1 The -Atlanta Republican says that
J. U. Wright, the travelling mail agent, who
was arrested some days since for robbing tho
mail, and of which offence he confessed himself
guilty, bas been admitted to bail by the Inferior
Court of DeKalb county, on a bond of $4,t00.
Liquid Glue.—A strong liquid glue that
will keep for years without changing, may bo
ipade by placing in a glazed vessel a quart of
water and about 3 lbs. of hard glue. This is
to be melted over a gentle firo in a glue-pot
and stirred up occasionally- When all the
glue is melted, drop gradually a small quantity
of nitrio acid, when effervescence will take
place. The vessel is then to bo taken off the
Are ahd allowed to oool. Liquid glue made in
this manner bas been kept for more than two
yearstin an uncorked bottle .without any change.
It will bo useful for mauy-tfados, whoro a strong
glue is required, without trouble of melting.-—
Morehouse Advocate.
Car and Contents Burnt.—A railroad car
filled with broadcloths and other manufactured
goods, consigned to a commission house in New
York, was destroyed by firo on Thursday night
at Hudson. The loss is some five or six thott*
sand dollars, which falls on tho Boston Railroad
Company.
The French Shipping Decree.—Tho St.
John (N. B.) Freemen is of opinion that the
recent French deoroe, admitting foreign vessels
to a French registry on a payment of 10 por
cent doty, will give an astonishing impetus to
ship building in British America. American
ship builders, it thinks, cannot compete wita
thorn in the business.
A woman is either worth nothing or a grert
deal. If good for nothing, she is not worth
getting jealous for; if sho be & true woman,
she will give no cause for joalousy. A man 14
a brute to be jealous of suoh a woman—a fool
to be jealous of a worthless one—but a doublo
fool to out his throat for either of them.
“Duty before pleasure,” as the man said when
he kissed his own wife before going out to kiss
his neighbor’s^
Why is a married man like a candle ? Be
cause he sometimes goes out at night when he
oughn’t to.
The PostOpfice Department.—It is stated
in tho N. Y. Tribune that the deficit in the Post
Office Department forthe present year will be
about two millions and a half of dollars, or some
three quartors of a million more than lastyeer.
There has been added daring tho year, some
3,700 mile* of road service to tho operations of
the Department
