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“Americans Shall Rale America.” TERMS—$2 00 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. ROME, GA., TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER, 18, 1855. NUMBER 8. #0tiricr ti txisMKri Kvrr.v V r.SDAT nmn. *. nwwEiu] [•» c. raun BY DWINELL & FINLEY. Term* of Subscription: tl ADVANCE, PER PaI* WrTHTX SIX I I*AID XT THE ESP . $2 00 . $2 50 S*& of Adueftisimr?" Advertisements will be hum, Miscellaneous Advertiae- $l per square of 12 lines or less,for tire Sm and 50 cents for each subsequent insertion. *tt the PROFESSIONAL CAROS. roRwxanncG a commission mcun, Central WhmrCCfcarlsst—« AC. ’65 ly DJL5IEL S. FttLTnr, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Guard Well Our Flag. Guard well onr banner! and let none Bat native band* uphold it, It bas most glorious conquests won, When native sons controlled it; Guard well onr cherished stripes and stars, Let no man dare deface them; Triumphant hear them through all wan, And die ere you disgrace them; Guard well our flag 1 uphold it high ! Beneath its folds fight, conquer, die i Upon its fair, unsullied face. jponl The stars shine forth in splendory January 1 $55.30, LAW P SHACKELFORD and JONA THAN D. PHILLIPS wffl practice lj, under the style of ShcckeUted A “ Office at Calhoun, Gordon county, Ga Jan 2, IS55 ly ETC£IC LeBIKIT, CWIL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL ENGINEER, SURVEYOR AND ARCHITECT, POST OFFICE, ROHR, GEORGIA. HRS. T. J. A 1. C, WORD,—RESIDENT PBISM4HS : ■' Georgia, thankful for past favors, etiil continue the practice of- Medicine and respectfully solicit a continuance of pat- «**!«. aplOly "ROME, XV .till w .Drt. Smith & Wooten TTA\ ING associated themselves in the prac- XI tice of Medicine and Surgery, offer, their services to the public. Dr. Smith Is prepai to treatany diseases of the Eye and Ear. Offi on Broad St, one door below H. A. Smith's Back Store. fan 23 '55, fly Z S. WOOD & GO. ROME* GA Dealers in watches. Clocks, Jewelry, Silver Ware, Cutlery, Plated aad Brittannia Ware, China, Musical Instruments, Walking- Caces. Fancy Articles, Ac.. Ae^ Ac. REPAIRING NEATLY EXECUTED. may I ’5 ly £■ w.nisauw; MM ud Ornamental Painter, Tenders has services to the poblie in his line of business. He flatters hlm-elf that he will give full S” Is its fearless defender! Beneath to folds, a nation great Are freedom’s boons enjoying; Oh may they guard onr country's fato Prom every snare destroying! Let them guard well, eaeh sire and son, That Flag, the pride of WAJHtitarox ! And who would dare their lives to trust, To make us trail ourWnner 'Neath foreign feet in native dust, Whilst monarch* shout “hosannah V* A thrust ef earth from native steel WooH lay the insultew lowly, For. freemen hold their Country’s weal At heart most sacred, holy, And they will guard through peace and wan That glorious Flag of Stripe • and Stars 1 In times of peril, and of wars, Oar fearless Tan will nail it, To highest topmast, with husaas, And dare oar foes assail it! They will defend that pennant dear, In harbor or on ocean, And stand for action, with decks clear, To deal out deadly potion, With guns whose weight and aim fa trnel These guns ’nrath Bags red, white and blue! We ask no- plead for foreign aid, Its succor or protection, Extract: To carry an election; Bat all we want, and it well do— Natives shall rale onr Nation— And will oppose with valor true All Papal Innovation, Will guard car flag! uphold It high ! And 'aeath its folds ight.conquer, die 1 Nicaragua. The following description of Nicaragua wil* at the present time be interesting: On the west Ufa washed by the Pacific Ocean, and partly on the east by the Carribean Sea The Mosqaitto Territory forms a large share of its eastern boundary. Honduras borders it on the north aad Costa Rica oa the couth. Its area Is about forty nine thousand square miles, and the population is estimated at two hundred and forty seven thousand. The females are said to greatly exceed the males in number. Not more than twenty thousand of the people are whites, the rest being negroes, Indians and mixed races. Most of tho population Kve In _ of them going several miles to labor in the fields. The plantations are scattered nret- «y well over the country, and are reached by paths so obscure as almost to escape the notice of ^trough will be promptly attended to. And Blind and Sash Factory ! 1 STANDISH fit BLAKEMAN Successors ofJ«(.tL Snmter, contin- lue to manutetare all kinds of FDR N ITl RE and SASH and BLINDS oa the most reasonable terms, at the old stand Rrvad Street. March27.—ly MERCHANT'S COLDER BELL PERFUMERY AND SOAPS ASS T X X BEST X X J> E 567 BROADWAY, Conors e» prince street, 5. r_ ASK FOR THEM WHEN SHOPPING. oc9 3m Cothran, Pentecoslfc eo, Factors, Commission Jferebanfe, AND FORWARDING AGBTS. Grain, Flour and other kinds of Coun try Produce. Agents for Etowah Iron Works and Mills and Agents for Coosa River S tears bri 2 t C o m dr n v. W g Cothran, ) OFFICB* 1 ^ Borne, Ga. FT Pentecost, > near rail JM Elliott. J eo ad depot ( Octobers ly RICHARD A. JONES • .V vzAikx is FOREICS in DOMESTIC BABBLE, NEAR THE DEPOT, Madison, pa. MONUMENTS, TOMBS AND HEADSTONES AI wars on hand. WILCOX, HASH AID AffSLEY, WHOLESALE GROCERS* Aagasta, 6s. In calling attention to the above card we would ado that Mr. Hand will remain in New York, where he will give hie exclusive attention to purchasing goods; this will enable ns to offer greater advantages than were possessed by onr late firm. Particular attention given to consignment of Produce, and orders for goods- aug2lly T. K. Ill PLEY, ATLANTA, GA. BALER is China, Crockery, and Glass Lamps of ail kinds; Oils, Cam- and Alcohol by the bbL Terms advance. Jan 9, 1855 ly J. M. TOW4NSON, ‘ P LAIN, Honte Sign, Coach, Passenger Car* Fresco, Ornamental and Decorative Painter Also manufacturer of Gilt Glass Door Plates Window Sign*, Numbers for Public Houses Churches and Street Number*. Opposite Jacob Haas A Co. White Hall Street Atlanta, Ga. Jen 9.1856 ly. FULTON HOUSE, Atlanta, Georgia* ' THE undersigned take this method of .informingtbe pubiicjbat they are the Pro prietors of the Tulttm House which is now be- • iog fitted up with new Furniture, on which, with other appendages, they feel prepared to wake their guests comfortable. They pledge tbeir efforts to give satisfaction to tbeir guests. Trav elling custom is respectfully solicited. Francis M. Ahbr.it, Book Keeper. JOBS N. REEVES, A, E. REEVES, of Augusta, Ga. of Rome, Ga. Atlanta, Feb. 20, ’55. ly dwelling* or the people are usually of canes, thatched with palm, although the better class es construct their residences of abodes, and by tho help of fruit and shade trees planted in the court yard, render many of them exceed ingly pleasant. A range of mountains extend along the west coast of the State, at a distance of a. fow mllM from the mb, but attaining no great elevation until they approach the coniines of Costa River, irben they reach the height of from five to eleren thousand feet. In the cen tral part of tiie State Is an immense level tract, known aa the plains of Nicaragua, comprising in its area the lakes of that name. Numerous volcanoes exist along the Pacific coast. There area considerable number of rivers, but none of them except the San Juan are navigable in a commercial sense. Feins of copper and silver ore of exceeding richness are found in many parts, but they remain almost all of them either unexplored or superficially worked. Gold, also Is said to exist. The climate is healthy though varying. In the interior and mountain parts the temperature is more dry and coel than on thawast, .when it fa hot ood approaching to tion. humid. The greater portion of this State con sists in plains and gentle slopes formed of a rich black loam, of which but a small portion is made available. - Hie productions are rice, indigo, wheat, coffee, cotton of soperior quality, corn, sugar, Ac., besides oranges, lemons, and fruits of various kinds. The great bane of the neihtiy ka keen civil Wars, and it was one of these which enabled Col. Walker to achieve his almost bloodless conquest. Fashionable Church or New York.—You enter the church porch. The portly sexton, with his thumbs in the arai'-holes of his vest, meets yon at the door. Ho glances at you; your hat and coat are new, so he graciously es cort* yon to an eligible scat in the broad aisle. Close behind yon follows a poor, meek, plainly clad seamstress, deprived from her treadmill round to think one day in seven, of the immor tal! Tfae.sexton is struck With sudden blind- • ! she stands embarrassed one moment ; then as the troth dawns upon her, retraces her steps,and with a crimson blush, recrosses the tfaresbbold which she has profaned with her plebian feet. Hark to the organ ! It is a strain from Norma, slightly Sabbath-ized; Now the worbippers one after another glide in—silks rattle—plumes wave—satin glistens—diamonds glitter, and scores of forty-dollar handkerchiefs shake out their perfumed odors. What an ab surdity to preach the Gospel of the lowly Naxa- rite to socm a sot! The clergy knows better than to do so.' He values bis fat salary and ▼et tread be walks^all round the ton command ments—places the downiest pillow nnder the * ing profligate's bead—and ushers him with seraphic hymning into an upper ton Heaven. Faust Fern. Message of tho Governor of South Carolina. Tho Free School system will receive at your bands that consideratfoF'which Its importance demands. Its results have ^faston%fcfor short of lie object, that it may be pronoun nra. Its defoots have been long felt, and yet nothing bee been done except to double the , of ell sum of money to be waoted nnder n bed system. ‘ It requires thorough and entiro reformation. It fa unfortunate that the end whieh was evi dently contemplated by the eat of 1811 has been abandoned, and that what was intended to in troduce gradually a general eyetem of common schools has been perverted to the exclusive education of paupers. In my judgment wo would return to; the policy of 1811, and to took to inaugurate a system whieh, in its ulti mate development, should bring the means or education, within tho roach of every family inthe8tato. * A perfect seheme cannot be ma tured at once. It U easy to devise a beautiful and consistent plan, as a thing of speculation, bnt it could not so readily be pat into operation —pertly from the want of meant, partly from leek of interest in the benefits of instruction, end especially from the iu.possibility of pro- coring competent teachers.—Our inoipient mea sures should look to the doable end of creating « popular demand for education, and of fur nishing instructors able to supply it. Normal schools, as being too exclusively professional, are unsuited to the former purpose, and until that fa accomplished, nothing is gained by the preparation of teachers. It seems to me that in conformity with the principle that knowledge descends, and that the supply creates the de mand, the first step should be to establish a Ugh school In eaeh distriet in the State, in which pnpils could be prepared for business or the university, and from which a certain num ber of indigent young men of industry and promise should be sent to eoilege at the expense of the State, upon the condition of devoting themselves to the office of teaching for a specified period after their graduation. Tho next step should be to institute, as teachers and pupils could be obtained, inferior schools in every portion of the land, until the means of instruction are made accessible to mil. The high ookoefa, as a preliminary measure, would be a real and efficient provision for popular in struction. Light cannot be confined. “A city set on an hill eannot be hid.” Intelligence is essentially diffusive, and whatever increases learning in one portion of the community, ele vates the standard of thought in all.—The high schools would at once create a demand for the inferior, and furnish the means of providing them with teachers. If the State, however, should decline to em : bark in a general system, and should continue to restrict its appropriation to the indigent, the principle which at present regulates the distribution of the fund should certainly be changed. By ear poblie policy, education-is denied to one-half of our population. The other half would constitute our political vitali ty, are unequally distributed over the State; and it is this portion of our population whom it is ear duty and ear policy to educate. The distribution should be in proportion to white population. If the State undertakes to raise a fund to educate the poor, it should be spent where it is most needed.—Under the present method, no more money is allowed in one sec ern* im--mu Mimmumr-TO uvo or sixtjuiwiiwi children, than In another for ten or a dozen. In a matter of such vital importance to the WESTERS A ATLANTIC HOTEL. DALTON, GA. BY MBS MARTHA W FIELD. THIS new and elegant Hotel, fit)a ting Hamilton Street and the_ of the Western k Atlantic Railroa< for the reception of traveller* and No pains will be spared to make it y House on the road, and to render saefa as may call. The rooms are ell ventilated. Persons visiting Mines, and the mountains in Murray find no difficulty in procuring hor- Itp convey them to either of n- The Collossal Washington Monument for America.—The London Builder gives the fol- lowing account of aa importantatep in the prog ress of this work: The casting of the horse for this monument, at Munich, is one of the great feats of Modern foundry, a* fifteen tons of bronze had to be be melted, and kept in a state offluidity. For several days and nights previously a large fire was at these huge masses, which required to be stirred at times. When the bronze was liqui fied, an ultimate assay was made In a. small tidal east, and to heighten the color, some more copper was added. Successively all the cham bers through which the metal had to flow In the form, were cleared of the coal with which they bad been kept warm, and the master examined all the air spiracles and the issues of tho metal: the props of the tubes were then placed, and every man bad his duty and place assigned to him. Finally, the master, amid the intense expectation of the many art amateurs present, pronounced the words “in the name of God,” and three mighty strokes opened the fiery guff, ontof which the glowing metal flowed in a cir cuit to the large form. The sight was magnifi cent, and in the little sea of fire stood the mas ter, and gave his commands abont the successive opening of the props. Hot vapour poured from the air spiracles; in the conduits the metal boiled in waves; still no decision yet, as the influx of the bronze in the very veins of the figure could be slow. At once, flaming showers jumped out of the air conduits, and the master proclaimed the cast to have succeeded. A loud cheer followed, when the master approached Mr. Crawford, the artist of the Washington monument, to congratnlate him on this success. Another cheer was given to M. de Milter, the chief of the royal foundry of Munieh, who per sonally conducted the work. . . Brigham Young, it is said, bas now seventy wives. State, district and parish lines should be dis regarded. Whether we live in the monntins or on the seaboard, in the midst of light or surronnded by ignorance, we are all equally interested in the noble work, and into whatever benighted part of tbo State the rays of knowl edge can be made to penetrate, we should feel as citizens of the same State, enjoying one re nown, and linked to one destiny, that the par tial blessing is the general good. If the rich^ do pay largely to the support of government, they eqjoy large protection, and they will con sult true policy by contributing liberally to the cause of education, where suffrage is universal, and government rests directly on the public will. Superficial knowledge is better than no knowledge, for, after all, the truths that regu late .the relations of lifo are plain, and lie near the surface. An ignorant people may passively eqjoy liberty, but they cannot feel its inspira tion,' and will bring no sacrifice to its altar. I will not on* such an occasion enlarge on the necessity and importance of public instruc tion. AH civilized governments recognise the "duty, and labor to meet its requirements. The. subject addresses itself with peculiar force to a slaveholding community. The world owes its. civilisation to slavery. It exists with us in its desirable and enduring form. “It is the cor ner stone of our republican edifice,” and its strongest defence will be found in the education of those entrusted with its preservation It is, however, impossible that the present system, or any other, can be made to work well without a responsible head. There must be and eneigy. AUcw me to urge updn you, as has often been done, the necessity of appoint ing a Superintendent of Poblie Instruction. Select a man suitable for the work. Pay bim liberally.. Cheap officers usually render cheap service. Make it bis duty to visit every neigh borhood in the State, and ascertain where schools are needed—where school houses may be conveniently located—where, owing to S ameness of population, they cannot—where >ie who are able to educate will unite with tiie State in the establishment of Academies. In a word, do as has bas been done elsewhere —have q survey of the field of ignorance, and with the map before you, decide on your sys tem. -Make at least this effort, and if it results in nothing—if in oonsequence of insurmount able difficulties in our condition, no improve ment can be made on the present system, and the poor of the land are hopelessly doomed to ignorance, poverty-and crime—yon will at least feel conscious of having done your duty, and the publie anxiety on the subject be quieted. From the Savannah Journal A Courier. Stoell-headism. Let us analyse his anatomy. What are the elements of whioh he is eomposed f Breast pins, finger rings, fobehatns, pearl head rattan*, flesh colored kid gloves, tnoroeco bootees, silk stodHfega» fancy cravats, end tbs otto of roses. i ingredients, he It » breathing con- ooction, ewrrabfcatbe venders thereof finds patron, nnder whose diiaiffipgefaiding smiles trade cannot languish. WhenWerfeB treat* a fath ionable promenade to an eraqjqg stroll, he becomes a walking advertlsemei draper tailor. Afidf this is wbat I my allualon to the use his existence might in sure to prirsto enterprise. Ah ! bas he not abundant reason to inwardly rejoice that with him it is not as it is, with some other men—that A* does not belong to that accursed number, who must depart For “that bourne from whence no traveler returns,” overwhelmed with the petri. fying conscientiousness that he has lived to no purpose. But anatamstizing a bag of wind and chaff is insinuating that the gains is at least worth the ammunition of time and space that necessarily must be consumed for that purpose. But for the purpose of disarming any inclina tion that may be manifest to misinterpret my language and to prevent an innocent misappre sion of my object. I deem this a piece proper enough to state, that nothing is or can bo, more foreign to my feelings, than an allusion ever so remote, to the home society in Savannah. It is not a legitimate subject matter for public an imadversion if it deserved it. Aristocracy is the prerogative of the Ladies j every reason however that sustains it among tbetn, signally fails to serve the same purpose fa thtt country, among the sterner sex. Humanity’s divinest blessing is woman’s immaculate Tpurity Against promiscuous acquaintances she Cafliiot too fastidiously guard. Her fall is society’s direct corse, her own inevitable annihilation. The soul that is the very christillisation of in- erity, is no hmu let against slander’s viper fang. But, admit that too much precaution, on the other band, may exercise an unsalutuiy influ ence at home, it can in no wise affect the nse and progress of a great commercial emporium, struggling to attain wealth and power. But before passing to the branch of the subject that suggested its treatment in this manner, without intending to impugn the independence of onr fair country women, or attribute to them any of the infirmities of Swell Headism, I crave per mission to make allusion to one prominent fact in the public history of Savannah, that emacks right smartly of it, and if it seems ungallantly severe, must be admitted to be righteously just. I allude to the first qnestion generally asked when a visit to the Theatre is suggested. It is not, what is the play ? Nor is it, who are the stars ? But it is who is going to 4>e there to night f Now this is an age, and a country in which woman’s social influence is almost om nipotent. Whatever she takes up, and franks with her sweet “amen,” passes on to public fa vor and permanent prosperity. The legitimate drama is the great school master of our day and generation. In this best of all schools, the minds and hearts are educated at one and the same time. The hideous deformity of vice, is no where else so effectnally expbsed and the glory and grandcor of virtue, is no where else out of the Bible, clothed with so sublime a light, . so nal<»»>»»1. How coold it be other-„ when tbe gifted living common* with the illnatrluus cle*<J; under inspiration's enchanting sp«U ; and then again it is in the responses of this intellectual oracle, that we get tbe quintes sence of pure revivifying literature. It is here the rusty historian bas his fading recollections brightened up, and the gifted colloqnist .and popular orator, aro taught the magic of elocu tion. The stage is the mirror of the refined grace nf the courtly manners and elegant bree ding. “The plays tbe thing,” and yet our fair friends seldom grace the dress circle of the “Athenaeeam,” all because the question of who is going to “come to-night,” eannot be always satisfactorily answered. Is it not enough to bo known that if there be present but one solita ry representative of her gentle sex, that alone will be a guaranty of perfect order, and that if every fashionable lady in Savannah were pres ent, old Shakspeare would have nothing more nor lees to say than be will anyhow. These banquets of witty daioties, are '‘cut and dried, 1 and never changed to suit the revellers, and pray tell me what would you think of a lady who would quietly lock up a dish of strawber ries and cream, until she could learn who ate that delicious fruit this season. her roads were seen no laboring tenmsdragging I tbe heavy bales a hundred miles to market at a cost of teo dollar* the bale. All this, however, did Alabama and Alabama’s legislators witness, and yet there is no hope from them to secure us from simitar misfortunes in the future. An other year may witness the same suffering and misfortunes, and tbe same stolid apathy of tbe law -makers. And yet the means of averting all similar calamities in years to come are so obvi ous and easy. The credit of the State is equal to any demand that oonld, in reason, be made upon it. The treasunrv is overflowing with by a taxation comparatively light, out a murmur by those upon whom its entire bufcflw falls. With this unimpaired State credit, and this surplus money flowing into the State treasury, a safe sy teta of Stale aid to nil roads might be inaugorated, which would in a very few years place Alabama, iu a condi tion as prosperous and as enviable as that of her sister State. • ••*•* Truly the contrast between Alabama and Goergia is humiliating to the former. In the one State tbe interests of faetion are held of secondary importance atad subservient to the prosperity ot the commonwealth ; while in the other party success is tbe chief aim of the poll tician, and the welfare of the State at large is overlooked and trampled nnder foot in the reckless strife of faction. When will this con dition of things change f Not, we fenr, until years have rolled afoond—not ontill tbe masses have become more enligbted. and the people better acqneinted with their true interests.” The Ttrasht of Easbiox,—Men and wo men now-a-days, bow equally to tbe goddess of Fathion. Tho highest art is now brought into requisition to impart the hoes to a garment or to give it tbe desired form. Human ingenuity exhausts itself to find novelty for the in-com ing styles, aod eaoh succeeding change of the moon astonishes us with new beauty or conve nience nntbongbt of before. It is this constant fickleness ef tbe flaunting goddess that compels “Pamroy k Gregory” to burthen the Expresses, weekly with specimens of the “fast revolving” fashions. Tbeir establishment is a vast boazar in which the substantial, the delicate, the cost ly, the cboap, but chiefly tbe rich, fanotfulaod nniquein gentlemen’s gear, are always found in vast quantities. Fifahces of Georgia.—We find, says the Charleston Standard, among the proceedings of the Georgia Legislature, the report of the Committee on Finances, which gives ns some desirable information in reference to tbe reve nues of that State. Tbe general tax assessed io 1854 yielded $372,214 00. The tax on Bank stock give $26,267, aod the earnings of tbe Western k Atlantic Railroad amounted to $100,000, The disbursements daring tbe same time amounted to $441,427, leaving a balance to tbe credit of tbe State of $170,422. Re ferring to the report of the Comptroller Gen eral of this State it will be seen that there is little difference in either tbe receipts or expen ditures of South Carolina and Georgia. Tbe receipts of this State, it will be remembered, were $661,682. Tho disbursements $484,883 Tbe receipts from the goneral tax are very nearly the same. Those from South Carolina having been $377,601. The vested foods of the State, however, have been more immediately profitable. Tbe $4,000,000 invested by Geor gla in her State road bas yielded only one hundred thousand; while a less amount inves ted in the Bank of the State has returned $273 000. The disbursements of this State would be much less in proportion, but for the costs of tbo new State Houso; of the $484,883 expen ded, $83,105 has been to the corront operations of that work, $11,080 to the interost on tho $tate |Iouse jionfla. 1 Internal Improvements. The Tuscaloosa Monitor has the following well-timed article on State aid, from which we make the following extracts: “Georgia ranks as the first among the South ern States. Her wealth, the prosperity of her citisens, tbe increasing population of her cities, tho success of her manufactories, surpasses that <>f any other manufacturing State South, and, in fact the universal energy which pervades every enterprise and every deportment of bu«iness in her community are the themes of admiration and praise. She bas immeasurably out-stripped Alabama in social progress and looks back from a far advanced position upon her less success ful competitor in the race. “The time was, some three years ago, when Georgia rested in precisely the same condition which Alabama is now placed in. Her best lands were rapidly exhausting. The thin soil was washed away from her red bills, whilo waste fields and deserted habitations everywhere met the gaze of the traveller. The tide of emigration had set westward io search of tresh lands and rich river bottoms, where the ever exhaustive cotton plant could rapidly transfer the wealth of the fertile soil to the pockets of over-hasty avarice. Tbe State was fast sinking in the social scale, and without some active measure of legis lative wisdom would still recede, still sink lower. Her legislators in the time of great need wore not found recreant to the trust reposed in them. With a wise foresight, which exposes to shame tho narrow, contracted and lamentable policy of Alabama's weak rulers, they boldly launched out into an enterprise, or series of enterprises, which was destined to torn back the tide of pop ulation into her territory, to repeople her barren bills and reolothe her wasted valleys with the verdnre of growing wheat and corn. Extensive wilderneeies and pine forests, that had never known a population, are now opened to the in dustrious farmer, and lands which before had no value are now in agreat domand with advanc ing prices. Soils which would not produee cot ton, and on which wheat crops would have been wholly unprofitable for the want of means of transport"tion to market have all at once as serted their superior value, and tbo curront year witnesses vast stores of wheat produced on them, and carried away to Northern markets. Vast mineral wealth, which bad heretofore lain un cared fur and unnoticed in plaoes inaccessible to profitable labor, is now beginning to yield its inexhaustible supply to tbe coffers of indus try. She owes this to her railroads. Alabama has of lato undergone the pressure of a continued drouth, such as wo hope may never visit usagain. Ourriveri werenlmostdriedup, and every avenue to market was closed. The scanty surplus products ef our soil lay rotting upon our bands, while tbe common necessaries of life, such as flour, salt and meal, to which wo had never before failed to havo aceess, could no Ion- f or be brought to us, save at enormous expense. n addition to the aotual deprivation, under which overy class of tbe inland community suf fered, an undefined terror and dread of worse things to oome, hung over, and damped the hopes of all. While snob was onr lot; Georgia, onr unfortunate neighbor, though the same parching drought bad prevailed throughout her domain, bore lightly and almost imperoeptably the burden whieh nearly weighed ns down.— From her cities came no complaints of scarcity of flour ; it may have been high in price, but •till it was in hand. From no section of her community did there go up petitions to tho Governor, praying in God’s name a little ohari- ty, a little bread to feea tbe famishing. Upon tho banks of her rivers lay no heaps of rotting potfon, and along through tho mud and miro of 9 " | y i Correspondence of tbe Charleston Standard, Washihotoh, Dec. 4,1855, The Congress of tbe United States met in the Capitol of the Union yesterday, and what is singular in the hi*toT7 of our Government, nearly every member of the Lower Souse Was present and at his post of doty, ready for the fight. Tbe Senate met and adjourned profor- nta, there being no organization necessary, it bging a continnou* body. In the Honse, how ever, everything was wild excitement, confu slob and uproar. At the fall of the Clerk’i hammer, order was had, and after calling tbe roll of members tbe balloting for Speaker com menced. The galleries were crowded with cu rious spectators, and hundreds of pens and pencils were called into requisition to note ev ery vote cast The Administration Democrats having nominated the Hon. Wm. A. Richard son, voted for him all through, and he poUed regularly seventy-four. The opposition, as I mentioned in my last letter they would be, were very much scattered —Campbell, of Ohio, leading the field—and the National Know-Nothings, thirty in number, voting for Humphrey Marshall, of Kentucky. Tbe South Carolina members supported Mr. Riebardson, although a portion of them decli nod going into the caucus. I would here state that Col. Orr positively declined permitting hia name to be used before Mr. Richardson’ name was mentioned. After four ballots yesterday, resulting pro cisely tbe same way, an adjournment was had, with a view to giving an opportunity to recon ciling the opposing elements among the allies. Greely predicted on son day that they would succoed in electing Black Republcan Speaker on the first day of the session, but he calcula ted kt least once without his host. It is now very evident to all who look beneath the surface of things here, that Greely and Seward are aiming at something beyond tbe mere organi zation of tbe Honse. Things are being arran ged for tbe Presidential election, and Congress is to be prepared to ran Seward straight through to the White House, if an election by the peo ple can be defeated. This is now the game beyond a doubt. The National Know-Nothings, swearing hos tility to eveiy thing tinctured with Black Re publicanism, are disposed to affiliate with tbe Demacrats, bnt the latter have planted their banner and are determined not to. move an inch. If tbe Know-Nothings come to them well, but no compromise is their motto. The final result is very doubtfal. Some of the "old ones” think that Campbell will be eventually thrown overboard, and Banks of Massachusetts, reinforced. Of one thing I feel satisfied, and that is, tbe Seward^organization cannot be bad, and Greely will lose bis game. After a few ballots this morning, something more definite can be ascertained. Nothing was said yesterday as to the other officers. Judges Butler and Evans are here, and in fine health. More anon. Itahhoe. Correspondence of the Charleston Standard. Washington, December 9th, 1855. There was a complete bursting up of the Republican Banks yesterday—not that we are in the midst of a financial crisis, but Mr. Banks, of Massachusetts, had a decided run upon him yesterday for the Speakership, which continued until the adjournment—the highest vote for him being just one hundred, which was the full measure of his stiength, and twelve less than were necessary to elect. Thns Mr. Banks, like Mr. Campbell, has had bis day, and is now numbered among the things that were. On Monday a similar game will be played with Mr. Fuller, and then Mr. Pennington will follow. They will go the same road—all destined alike to defeat. I say this in tbe face of the confident assertions of tbe friends of both these- gkntlemcn, that one or the other of them will be eloctcd to-morrow. I don’t believe it. I predict that no man now running will be elected Speaker. A new man is to win the prize, and I hear mnny members intimate that tho Hon. James L. Orr is the only man who can unite a majority of the whole vote. His superior ability is recognized and acknowledged by all, while bis course in Con gress has been high-toned and conctiiatory. The next best chance for sneoess to Mr. Orr, I conceive to be the Hon. Charles J. Faulkner, of Virginia. He, too, is a high-toned gentle man of fine order of talent, and possesses, in an eminent degree, all the qualities requisite for a successful presiding officer. Mr. Faulkner could combine a powerful vote, and may yet be tbe speaker of tbe 34th Congress. The late dispa tchcs received from Oregon and Washington territories, Report a most dis tressing state of affairs in that far off region. The hostile bands of Indians are ravaging the whole country, and spreading death and do- strnotion among the settlers. The most de cisive steps hare boon taken by the federal goveruient to arrest this bloodshed, and pun ish tbe aggressors. The following order will be found to vindicate protty clearly that the government is in earnest in the matter. The Grave of Madison.—A correspondent of the Frederioksburg News, in Culpepper county, Va., gives a melancholy picture of the last resting place of the illustrious Madison. He lies with his family in a grave yard a short distance from his house, npon bis estate of Montpelier; the family cemetery is surrounded by a brick wnll, and tho gate is entirely down. Tho correspondent says that not a stone marks the great man’s resting place; dark running green box wraps it with verdure, and tbe tra cery of branches from an old, leafless chestnut tree, receiving itself against the warm aznre sky, nod «ud wave over the dark mountain. ’Tis a solemn, calm and peaceful spot. Tbe correspondent adds that Mrs. Madison’s re mains are in the vault of the Congressional bu rial ground in Washington ; her diroction was to be interred by the side of her husband, but hor son has never fulfilled her request. A Printer’s Declaration. In the last number of the Carlisle Demo crat, Gen. Boyer releases himself from those -who bare taken his paper, without ever intend ing to pay for it, in the following and bold declaration: When in the coarse of rascaHy events it be comes necessary for a hungry and half starved editor to dissolve tbe bands which hare con nected him with villainons patrons (?) and as sume among mankind that separate and jnst station to which bis poverty land independence of spirit entitles him, a descent respect for tbe opinions of his honest supporters requires that he should dec loro the causes which hare im pelled him to the separation. We hold these troths to be self-evident; that editors were created like other, men, tbnt they were endowed with certain natdral propensities that among them is a disposition .to eat, drink and keep themselves comfortably clad—to se cure these blessings, laws were instituted among men, securing to tbe creditor bis boneit and jnst dues ; but when a villainons $300 exemp tion act becomes destructive of these ends, it is our right to institnto anew system, laying its foundation in such principles- as shall seem most likely to protect us in future from all fraud and imposition. Prndence, indeed, will die- tote that friendship long established should not he severed for light and transient causes ; and accordingly all experience bas shown that editors are more disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to right themsdves by abolishing the form to which they are accus tomed. But when long standing abases, and a total disregard for every generous feeling; hav ing in view the. same object, evidences a de sign to reduce to absolnte starvation him who labored for years to supply them with their, mental aliment, It is his doty to - repudiate friendship, and provide new guards for his fu ture security. The history of these outlaws is a history of repeated injuries and insults, all having io direct object the peenniary destruc tion of their best friend and benefactor. To, prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid mind. They have refused time and again, to pay ns the first continential 'dingbat,' although re peatedly called npon to do so. They have refused to supply us with Wood, corn, oats, potatoes, beabs, peas, pork and poultry— although onr appeals were long, load and pathetic—fixin’s inestimable to os, and formidable to rascals only. . They have refused to supply us with any aid. .whatsoever, to faciliate onr business operations ; thus rendering ns ib a measure incapable of pursuing with a light heart and buoyant spirit our legitimate business ; the office, in the mean time exposed to all the danger of aa invasion from without and convulsions within; They have endeavored to prevent the popu lation of these States by depriving ns of tho means necessary to feed and clothe the youing Naragansetts according to onr desires. They have combined with others to sbhject ns to the worst grievances,'foreign to nor good nature, and unacknowledged by onr laws. For catting off onr trade with paper makers. For imposing debts npon ns without onr con sent. For depriving ns, in many cases of the bone- fits of market money. They have" plnndered onr pockets, cheated onr creditors, burnt onr fingers, and done sun dry other cruel and barberons acts unworthy the character of gentlemen. - In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned in the most bmnble terms I onr re peated petitions have been answered, only by repeated neglect aad consequent injury. ’ Men whose characters are thus marked by acts which may define a set of plundering scamps are unfit longer to be the recipients of our fa vor. Marbiaob.—Marriage is certainly nn institu ■ tion calculated for a constant scene of ns much delight as onr-being in capable of. Two per sons who have chosen each other out of all the species, Wlln design to be other’s mutual com fort and entertainment, have in that action, bound themselves to be good-humored, affable, discreet/forgiving,patient,and joyfdl, with res peet to each other's frailties and imperfections, to the end of tbeit lives. The wiser of the two (and it always happens one of them is such) will, for her or his own sake, keep thing? from ontrage with the utmost sanctity. When this union is preserved, (as I have often said,) the most indifferent;circumstance administers de light. Their condition is an endless source of new gratification. Tbo married’ man can say, “If I am unacceptable to all the world beside, there is one whom 1 entirely love, that will re ceive me with joy and transport, and think her self obliged to doable her kindness and caresses of me from tbe gloom with which she sees mo overcast. I need not dissemble the sorrow of my heart to be agreeable there j that very sor row quickens her affection.” True.—The loveliest valley has a mnddy swamp; the noblest mountain a piercing blast) and the prettiest face some ngly feature. Tbe fairest face is tho most subject to freckles: and tbe handsomest girl is apt to be prond; the most sentimental young lady loves cold pork, and the gravest mother lets her children go ragged. The kindest wife will sometimes over look tin absent shirubutton, and the best hus band forget to kiss hfe wife every time he steps outside the- gate, and the best dispositioned chHdrenin the world get angry and squall; and tbe'smartest scholar will miss a lesson, and tbe wittiest say something stnpied, and the wittL est essayist write something nonesense; and stars will fall, and the moon suffer eclips,—and men won’t be angels, nor earth be heaven. FaoFttABLE War.—Enemies are as impor tant as any malignant spirits, and yon might as well hope to shoot sin stone-dead as to shoot an enemy. There is but one way by which one catt kill an enemy, and that is by putting coals of fire upon his head ; that does the bu siness for him at once. Lie in wait for him, and When yon catch him in trouble, faint from hanger or thirst, or shivering with cold, spring upon himlike a good Samaritan, with youf hatods/eyes, tongue, and heart full of good gifts. Feed him, give him drink, aad warm him with clothing and words of kindness, and he is done for. Yon have killed an enemy, and made a friend atone shot. [Meth. Mag. r Crops op Sugar.—The New Orleans Brice Current ? of the 1st inst,, thus refers to the fof the coming.crop of Sugar ,* With repect to the crop, it is quite certain that the grinding .season, on ths whole, has been a very unfavorable on# thus far, the wea ther daring a large portion of the time haring been showery, with an unreasonably low tem» peratnre, and these drawbacks, added to tbe disadvantages which the crop labored under in the early part of tbe season, and which have heretofore been referred to have tended to re duce tbe estimates much below the product of last yeaiy which - prodnet was le3s than that of the year previous in tho large amonnt of 102,- OOOhhds. U Nor have we been wanting !n attention to these men; we have warned them from time to time through the paper and by letter of a “Black List” We have reminded them of onr circumstances—of onr emigration and settle ment in Carlisle. We have appealed to tbeir sense of justice and magnanmity, and then we have conjured them by all the.ties of good fob lowship, to send us the 'Almighty Dollar,’ or we would’inevitably interrupt our connection and correspondence with them. Bnt they have been deaf to the voice of reason and hnfiianity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our separation, and hold them as we do, and all others like them, scamps when they don’t pay ns, when they do> the best of clever'fellows and good citizens. We, therefore, the editor of the American Democrat,-appealingto all honest men for the rectitude of onr intentions, do in tbe name and by the authority of our 'better half } and nine small children, with one on the bosom, solemn-, ly publish and declare these men are, and of right oqght to be, stricken from onr list of sub scribers, and that all connection between them and ns, is and ought to be, totally dissolved.- And forthe support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of oar honest patrons, we solemnly pledge renewed exertions to our pen, our past pot aad noble scissors. CoKfe to his Senses.—The Seneca Fall* Re- vitte, fearfully tells tbe following “melancholy affair f “At Niagara Falls, last Friday night, a yonng man, name unknown, who had been disappointed in love, walked out to tbe preci pice, took off his hat and coat, and c anting one lingering look into the golf beneath him—tur ned and went back tohis hotel! His body was found the next morning—in bed. The yonng woman who was driven to distrac tion, How fears that she will have to walk back. A Yankee poet thus describes the excess o his devotion to his true love: I sing her praise in poetry; From earlyjmorn to dewy ere; I cries whole pints of bitter tears, And wipe them with my sleeve. A countryman was induced to make his first visit to a treatre, a few nights since, and aftef the performance Was over, was asked how he was pleased with it. “Wall,” said he, “I like the picters (meaning the scenery,) party well) bat them play fellows talked too much.’’. * - We see it stated: in &n exchange that the Russian is both a soft and beautiful language. It may be eo in the estimation of some people, as there is no accounting for taste. From what We have seen of the names of Rnsian officers, we would consider the language about as soft as gun flints, and as beautiful a£ a dead mule. PBOORR8AION.—The sun rises and sets, the ■tars vanish and return again, and all the spheres hold their cycle-dance. But thoy nev er return precisely as they disappear; and in the shining fountains of life there is also life and progress. Every hour which they bring every morning and every croning, sinks down with new blossiugs on the world. New life and new lavo drop from the spheres as dew drops from tbe cloud, and enhanco nature as night onhancos the ofirth, „ Usury Laws. We received a letter from a gentleman of Alabama, enclosing several articles, which ap peared in the True Whig, favoring a repeat of the Usury Laws in that State, with a request that we would reply to them. s We are not suf ficiently posted up on so grave a matter, as to enter peli mell into a contest over-it. either pro or con. Our views, however, aro very well ex pressed in the following extract from tiie Louis ville Journal. Repeal or the Usury Laws.—“There has been a bill introduced into onr Legislature to repeal the usuary laws. We are glad to see this project set on foot, for it has always appeal ed unjust to us that we should have laws regu lating tho price of money, any more than any other species of property, for money is as legit imately a man’s property vs his horse, aud as suoh wo contend that a man has a right to make the best bargain ho can with it, as he has with his horse or mule.” This extract, from n Tennessee paper, is ano ther specimen of the popular error in regard to money, and its qualitios and attributes. Money, whether it be metalio or paper money, is no man’s property; it is tho property of the late. Gold and silver (as bullion) are property, bnt do not possess any inherent or nature power or right to become tbe exclusive debt paying ag ents; that right is derived from the law of the land. Wheat, corn, iron, lead, tobaceo, or any other article might be made money by the law : therefore the money property of t' e precious metals is tbe creature of law. And being mado so by the law it should be regelated by it. As the law establishes the first value of money, by prescibing how many grains of gold or silver shall compose a dollar or an eagle, so ought it to regulate the rate of interest to be paid for the use of it. Tho law does not undertake to regu late tho value of horses, neither does it make them a legal tender in tbe payment of debts, and therefore horses and money, are not placed on an equal footing as property. If horses are property, money is something more the proper ty- ' y&T' Grace humbles while it olevates, and tbe more wo nre -loaded with Divine benefits, the deeper should we sink under a sense of our un worthiness. The lowest valleys are the most fruitful on them, the gentle dew descends from the surrounding hills, and the boughs that ore laden with fruit bend towards the earth. New York, Deo. 4.—A letter reoeived here from Antigua, states that the brig Lorenzo, of Philadelphia, was boarded in the harbor of St. Johns. N- B., by. the British authorities, and Ross, the negro cook, forcibly taken ashore, under tbe pretext that bo was a slavo, restrain ed from his liberty. Ross protested that he was a froe man, and not a slave. At lust ac counts he was in the hands of th6‘ police, a- wnltin^ an investigation of his cast?, The Hermitage.—The bill which has been introduced in the Tennessee Legislature to pur chase the hermitage:in the name of the State, proposes to establish an agricultural and mili tary school at that place-rtbe purchase to re* quire the issue of State bonds to an amonnt not more titan $60,000. - BailbU.— 1 The -Atlanta Republican says that J. U. Wright, the travelling mail agent, who was arrested some days since for robbing tho mail, and of which offence he confessed himself guilty, bas been admitted to bail by the Inferior Court of DeKalb county, on a bond of $4,t00. Liquid Glue.—A strong liquid glue that will keep for years without changing, may bo ipade by placing in a glazed vessel a quart of water and about 3 lbs. of hard glue. This is to be melted over a gentle firo in a glue-pot and stirred up occasionally- When all the glue is melted, drop gradually a small quantity of nitrio acid, when effervescence will take place. The vessel is then to bo taken off the Are ahd allowed to oool. Liquid glue made in this manner bas been kept for more than two yearstin an uncorked bottle .without any change. It will bo useful for mauy-tfados, whoro a strong glue is required, without trouble of melting.-— Morehouse Advocate. Car and Contents Burnt.—A railroad car filled with broadcloths and other manufactured goods, consigned to a commission house in New York, was destroyed by firo on Thursday night at Hudson. The loss is some five or six thott* sand dollars, which falls on tho Boston Railroad Company. The French Shipping Decree.—Tho St. John (N. B.) Freemen is of opinion that the recent French deoroe, admitting foreign vessels to a French registry on a payment of 10 por cent doty, will give an astonishing impetus to ship building in British America. American ship builders, it thinks, cannot compete wita thorn in the business. A woman is either worth nothing or a grert deal. If good for nothing, she is not worth getting jealous for; if sho be & true woman, she will give no cause for joalousy. A man 14 a brute to be jealous of suoh a woman—a fool to be jealous of a worthless one—but a doublo fool to out his throat for either of them. “Duty before pleasure,” as the man said when he kissed his own wife before going out to kiss his neighbor’s^ Why is a married man like a candle ? Be cause he sometimes goes out at night when he oughn’t to. The PostOpfice Department.—It is stated in tho N. Y. Tribune that the deficit in the Post Office Department forthe present year will be about two millions and a half of dollars, or some three quartors of a million more than lastyeer. There has been added daring tho year, some 3,700 mile* of road service to tho operations of the Department