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rihifon for the belief, the tpchdejit m c'amadon. ore fl; bn s ing fuJicietU dfeVn to believe there native the having as certained them lybe such, are .perfect ly equivalent.’ ‘So much for ike l? e_ citnen of critical aCuipcn. The editor proceeds. c{ It is hu miliating to find that when this afler t;on was toade in dhrfe unequivocal terrirs, government, though it pretetjd c 5 to have gone intb the enquiry, had merely afkcd the men lor their itory, and had received whatever they chose to advance, without.any other proofs, ond on this information, grounded an official declaration, that the point of tneic curzenfliip was sfeertained.” Now, there is not a word of truth in this ftatetnent. The acconut re ferred to neither* fays, nor does it countenance the inference, that the men had merely been afkcd the Itory, ad no other proof b *<i been obtained. Xn the report of captain Barron, rh re fairs of the enquiry are given, apt! is is no? ibid that these are either ex'- clulivelv,or at ad g r oun\!?d on shade cl irations cf the men. S.) far is this from being the cal., that art inference. direcViy opposite, may be drawn from tire declaration of the fccreteries, that ■ihev had fuflkientreafoi* for believing that the feanten were native chzensbf ahe United States. Itmuft be or,.lam ed that they had-the belt proof the cauf’e admitted of. .But the doling words of the ac - ccfcnt are seized, and it is inferred from them that, ir.af nudt as the report* of captain Barron if laid to be in a train of forma! verification in every material circumfbnce, the only infor mation yet received consists iiuhe mere declarations of the feaai.T. ihemf.dves. No dedu&ioncan, however, be more {trained. The Prefidentand Secreta ries of State and Navy may have al ready {‘efficient reason to faddy them {elves, but it does not follow that th : grounds of their belief could be equal ly fatisfaclory to foreign governments; and, in case of a war with England, h mav be an objedt of fome importance to eliabliffi the fa£t by the molt indis putable evidence, which shall be fosis fadfory not merely to ourfdves 9 bill the whole world. We mult then confider the remarks of the Repertory a • flowing, not from a f:i|fe of truth or regard to juflice, but from a fpirii of party detradion, ignoble at ail times, and particularly Jo at this time. from the Charleston City Gazette, No. VII. 15... the claim to impress British stamen from tin Heard American vessels, whether private or v.a ft tonal, a rightfounded on the law of tuitions ? j This question has been so ably and lumt-! jooufly di feu fled in the e.Ttraft of a letter, which lias been publiflied, from the Secretary of State, to Mr. Munro, that it is impofSble to give, v.-hat it would be unreasonable to reauire, any better evidence of the negative of this pronofi ftjon. I cannot quote ail authority in which it is laid ettprefifly that this light, concwffltdpes “ttof.cxif!. because the writers on nation"! law are altogether silent on the fu'ojedl—this filcnce, ferever, is the very belli evidence that no inch light e. xiils* for i<> it to believed wircu cr.-ry f.thcF'irgbfe-nvl’iWk v.io natrim is;.• y Hahn of oth ers, is there to be found, this clone h?.s been omitted ? Bat thotigh there be no authority in point, bn this ful> £t, by analogical reason ing, fouAe light may be call upon it. It is in this way that its advocates endeavor to support it. They fay it is admitted, that according to; the law of nations, a belligerent nation has a” right to search the (hips of neutrals and lake! from thence the property of its enemies—this they contend, gives the right of search, and it h ~.zy be enjoyed in one case why not in all j and if enemies property may be seized, may no : its ou'n be reew’-med, or in other words, may i; cot take from thence its own fuboefs and cal them to the naff-anal. defence? To k.oW whether the salts are analogous or not, it is d> ceffary to look at the principle of that wkt which the quethoj under confederation is com pared. It ss bated by writers on the law <{’ jiations, that, the right to seize enemies prd perty, is founded on uuiveifal, and not com. ca tin.;. ) iav., add that necessity is the V his ou which it reits (2 Azani, 175). Tj/ r.v : sv:g is “that when the perfeft * right ff e_.. i..out.its ‘V -1 .he ps<:*wev nj .* ah -! other, reason, jnfiice and humanity require that, the que that will experience lead damage filould to the other.” The right of the neutral, to carrv on its peaceful and lawful commerce is j admitted ; but on the other hand, the right cf j the belligerent to seize the property of the ene- j my wherever it (hall be found, is claimed, and it is inferred that the neutral fuflers less In gw-, ing up the property, than the belligerent fore reign would in having it put out ol his power to dill refs his enemy. This law, However, is founded on the general necessity of nations —-it mull apply to all nations and at all times— ihe , particular Ctuation cr necefiity of one nation, j at a particular crisis, cannot eftablhh a law for j the government of nations —the very iiatement | (hews the necefilty to be founded on peculiar I circumstances which can never be the b:;‘;3 oi an universal law. lam putting this argument on the broadest ground—l might perhaps queilion the general principle, and contend that what’ was the law cf nature as applied to nations, and founded on drift right, has yielded to the con ventional law of nations ; for it is said, “from the time of the famous Consolalo * del Mars be gan to be received as law among the nations ‘heated on thefhores of the Mediterranean, the maxim of the 273d chapter of this code was | adopted. This declares “that when goods be longing to a friend are found on board an ene my’s (hip, 2nd, vice versa, regard fiiotild be had jto the property only.” Azuni, 2 vol.'ioO— From tliis quotation it is evident that the law was at one tim; otherwise. And the ftroe au thor, after a laborious investigation of the con ventional law cf nations, fays, 2 vol. IC6. “h ----.is evident, from the view fcefe given, that the hniverfiii praftiee of Europe, for more than a century, has been to confider only the property of the vehe!-*— the.” principle of this aimed gene ral rule is, that a free snip makes free the goods onboard.’ Indeed Kubner, Martensandßur ton contend, that, this is a-principle of the u.d yerla! law of nature and nations, end perhaps with reason. But waving tliis cue-ftion, let ua continue to examine the right prickled in this case and claimed in the cue under coaftderation, : and lee whether any, and .if any, what analogy .exit's? * ‘ CIVly. LONDON/ July 2. l as majesty’s speech, delivered L ib Friday by lords comumityners, alluded in a cursory way to 1 molt of the topics which can become liu- fubje£bl of future debate in the effuing fliort fdSon, as it I p'romifes to be. The ditfioluticir. of the late par- j hamen’t, and the addre.Tes coafequcrit thereon ; thefubjeft of continental engagements/ and thej propriety of advancing subsides; the disagree- ■ mat with the Turks, and the fubfequ: t failures 1 at Constantinople and RoiTdtta.; and finally, the renewal of the committee of finance, constituted ’ its mfc-l prominent features. The range of the i debate was as extensive as the fubjed mutter! of the speech : the amendment, however, colyco cue iiagle article, viz. the recent diffolu- ■ lion £ the inconveniencies of which were mfifted on by Lord Grenville in the house of Peers, 1 and py lord Hawick in the house of Commons, at great length. These inconveniences were the loss of all bills, both public and private, the exjjences incident to which bad been already in a fceafure incurred ; the trisnt cf an appropria tion ad for disposing of the money voted for the different services ; the interruption given to the invclligation of the unpleasant accounts from India; and above all, the diiioiution of the fi nance committee, with regard to which lord Hpwlck threw out a hint, “ that Rome fads which had been developed in the report of the commilnoners of military enquiry, might reader a “change in the members confiituting it, r.ecef fdry.“ This, at a later period cf the ‘debate, brought forward Sir Henry Mi Id may, who complained cf the manner in which bis char/ a diet and that of his friend Mr. S. Bourne, had ; been afperfed, aid gave notice that he flsould j this day move for an enquiry into the whole cf | the circumftanees of the Moulfham contrad. ; ‘1 he Chancellor of the Exchequer, in answer to lord Hawick, hated that the remedies meant to be applied to the evils of which the Noble Lord complained; as that the fees attendant on private biffs would be remitted by the known liberality of the officers of that house ; that he ‘hunfelr meant to bring in a prepofitton tending ; to relieve (be persons aggrieved, from the frtih expense of bringing up witneiles ; that fcveral of the money biffs .contained appropriation ckufea in themfelgpyri end -AHs/ infs of the last committee of finance might be banded over to the revived one ; so that only a bill ol indemnity would be rfeeffary for minli ;ters, on account cf their having taken upon thamfelves to continue the provisions of the A mericaii Treaty, which had expired lir.ee die idiffolution. i!te i'c-appoiutment of fa many iofpefling field officers, at aa expeufe of neatly 40,9001. a year, was complained of by lord Howick, who was replied to by Mr. Percival, with a ivciini nation of his lordibip and lus colleagues having nominated SCO surveyors of taxes, “under limit hr c;rcumilan“Ts, whjfe appointment, howev.r, never took place. In reply to a warm attack made upon lord Melville, by lord Milton, who upbraided the adminidration with “hiving re called to h;s ina)elly‘s counsels profhgation and .corrnpt’on ; “ Mr. Dundas Saunders said, th.it {hold.: long since. have moved to - have the re. .foUitioaa rgaiull his noble relative recinded, if he had not thought his acquittal hv his Peers equally vallkl. Being then called upon 44 to ’*o>- . 1 he perfilled in laying, that’he held the rcouittal as tantamount to refeindiug ti e rcio i. i utioi. .?• Ti*v wo?? k a brief abHraft, exhibiting the! leading points cf the prbtrafted debate. _ >■ be i numbers that voted with the mini firkin the j commons, were.3so, and not SOU Hated ■ by mistake ; so thatlthe majority in tuat houie was 195; and is the upper house 93. j The intereil created in the course of the de bate, was not so much as might have been pre viously imagined ; nor was the attention so much ■ kept awake by the zeal and energy of the res pective ipeukers, as we have known on similar occtfions. Notices have, however, since been 1 given, cf motions, on fubjefts in which j the public take a lively part; by Sir K. Mild- 1 may, as we said before, with refpeft to the ei tatc in Eiiex, which he had disposed of to gov ernment; by Mr. Banks, on.granting fmetuiej or other places, in reversion ; and by Mr. Vv fut i bread, as we believe on the Hate of the nation. MELANCHOLY £HIPWRECK. Our readers will r.ot fail to participate with us in the feelings cf admiration excited by ape- ’ rufal ot the subjoined letter. It is written from Gibraltar by Mr. Alexander Wilson, foil of Mr. Wilson, watch-maker ih Kelfo, & while vve admire the heroism he difphyed in the melancholy- circumstances which called it forth, we are plcafed with the (implicity and mode&y which chaiactenfe the narra tive. E! Gibraltar,’ Ap-il 19. “ O.i Sunday-the sth inftaut, I mtn eifed a feene of horror 1 never can forge.—a Portu gufe frigate, the San Juan Principe, Captain R. j. F. Lobo, was reported to be wrecked on the l e?.!l coall, about four miles from the Spanish lines. About eight o'clock in the morning 1 eould plainly perceive, with a glass, the velf-l difmafted, and a great number of men on board. A friend of mine, Mr. Mailer, and I, immediate ly took horse, and arrived on the beach about nine. We found tiiefliip hrd aimed at that in dant jrciie to pieces, and ab-iut 200 men were floating on the fragments ox’ the wreck, and driving towards the mouth of a fma 1 river, which was fwellc'd by the Irte rains. At the lame time a mod. tremendous ka set in, which had raised a bark of land at its n. c mb. A hum-! ber ot Spaniards were Icoki-.ig on. I: iHandy i plunged into the river, and feu;. 1 that I could! ford it about ii odder deep. Mr. Mrier ?01-l lowed me. and -four cr five Spaniards imi rated j our example. For two hours vve were empiry-j ed in Matching from z watery grave the ur.for. i tunate creatures, who were clinging to pieces of i j timber, and dadiing every moment upon the j j hank of fand s and upon each other. I with ! great difficulty saved captain L-.ibo } he was ; driving upon a piece of tips vciTel, almoll ex f haufltd and fenitu is ; the next breaker, in ail ! prebabiiity, would have been hie cud. I drag ged out tii? second captain, and (hortly after a I lieutenant,, who expired on uiy landing him oh ; the beach : I hkewiie saved a luidfeipmun, as , dw Mr. MaiTcr, the purfsr : these are a’u the 1 officers favok “ The crew confined of 51.3, out o? which! there aie 116 survivors. I pledge you rr.y word more than two-tti’.rds of that number core the.ri lives to Mailer's exertions and my own. Onc-j officer and four men died in ray arms, from be ing bn:., and and ex ha lifted before 1 could land • hem. Many a poor fellow we were obliged to. let go, from the quantity of wood driving about in every direfhon, and saw them cialhed to pieces on the fane*. The fight was mod dreadfulbut the canfc- we were embarked in nerved our arms. ’About half pall twelve, nine .cf the unhappy fufferers remained on the last piece of the wreck. Many about this time arrived from the garrifen, and with their nffifiance four of them were get I affiore. Mr, MafTer and rrtyfelf had many hair breadth elcapes ; he was, at one time, f vept from his feet by a breaker ; I was moll forte, nat; ly near him, and, making a daffi, caught! old ol his coat, as he was floating into the forge, and Ly the assistance of or.e ol the Spaniards saved him end a finlor. I war, ro veu may frp ; pose, very poorly for fame rime, f. otn lbe brutes ; a. .ff over exertion 5 but lam now lecovered, * After detailing a number cf more ninoie parti, euiars, the writer ccnciudcs Ids letter with the j following apenraphe : “ God grant that I may I never witness so melancholy a fight again : but E.ould that be my fete, God grant I may Lave ; it in my power to be equally serviceable V’ NEW-YORK, August Id. Mr. Fulton’s ingenious Ream-boat., invented “vrmr afirh. — ‘.u uSi". ofuL htl jffifljpp 1, from New-Orleans upwards, will rove cr, Mon day, from -the North river near the Rate prifer', to Albany. The velocity of the fleam-heat is calculated at four miles an hour; ft is faiff it will make a progress of two againit the Current of the Miff.ffippi; and :f so, it v. ::i be a verv valuable acquisition to the commerce of the 1 ’.veuern futes, sh.g jt 20. Mr. !mtorrs fleam-boat n-it the North river on Mur.day, tetween one and two o’clock in the afternoon j at ten o’clocft in the evening, fire was opposite Tappsn ; between Sand 3 o’clock on the following morning flie was seen fix miles beyond Newburgh, and at 6 o’clock flie was seen by the Cornelia oppofit? Pcaghkepfie; performing her voyage without fails, and in op pofitron to the wind and tide. Abner Webb, Ha: jest received per the Eliza, from Philadel phia, TIFTY P.M.-i -FAAtsK IN’S Cossack Boots . t . * Public Inkllige'nccM —, iMinavqq :et .. I avannai-i, I TUESDAY, September 8, ri:.l COMMUNICATION- K? THE bosom of every Americas, properly efilmates the dignity of his ccurt-B must swell with the utmost indignation, v.H obfervrs the stale declaration of Mr. that the flagrant usurpation, recently co'iixftyH upon our rights, v. cs unautuonicd by U.s y..,1 ernnient. ■ When the marauder Whitby, ‘.vidua territorial jurifdidlion, inhumanly jnuvdered c:*l of our peaceful and unoffending citizens, t! 4 1 Britilh government declared the to ha,.l been the aft of an individual, and not tanuioaeil by. the nation, whose nag he c;. ri iCW* - 1 Th.e offender was fapiQicr.cdtc’ ?trend Iml fore a mock tribunal of juflice, and tiacy ha’s I , cut a profpeft to the American pec pi ? cf re;. I dertng them whatever was eouitable, when •.heir I mercenary judges had airetoy Lren ir.flraf.Ce a to the deciCcn they should give. Now when our mariners have been fcvA bly taken from one of our fliips. and'others Yur fallen victims to the blood Airily tlifpofii'cn a savage commander, forfocth, we a:e agha told—the aft is unauthonfed. Li the name of heaver., fellow-citizens, ;.re ibefe declarations, so -irretiratedly given yee, forever to be coniidered as fiuuicicnt atoncmci.ts for the ir.cft far.guir.ary and lawless a&s of Britiffi myrmidons ? I ai fwer—r.o. The proai native spirit of Americans is now fully arou/ff. Theenergies of the nation are prepared to dis play therufeives. The univetid ir.dignaticn, and the patriotic resolution?, ettfitss. ted from every part of our CcnlAeat atteil tkfe fafils. We have been too !•: :;g r.ccuScmed to cc-- cession-r-We have •.•emonftrr.teff, and our reran firances have been difregci ffeu—Now the ciipc: humiliation is drain .-J, c.-.d aipi.it of refifl:-:..? j rirs and animates every A* v ricrii foul. T..e ’ glorioui atchievement: of cut revolutionary ?... i ceilry kindle in the gle g liofytis cf every ! votuhf;:! patriot the names of .i honorable ai i I■ l _ . a virtuous efnillation, ar.ff 1 tff.nr country's injuries be amply repaired or avctigjsd, i.ev:: will they be extingulfred. If CieaF-Brii/r., in the :ntiiside of htr folly, has imagined that the lave of pease, v/a/’t the Aanencan people with Sncsrity proferi O feel, will induce them to ner.d i.ih.iriffivuly t every encroachment on their rights’ however i S?graat, then, the period lias arrived, which | will convince her haw very fat;.’ ins been her j error, She will fee the spirit of our Citizens : rga.n mfclffed in the mo ft brilliant, aval vw.i I colors—fine will fee! convidios, that tlsough | Americans love peace, they love iior.cr trmr:; isr.d that an insult offered to the rnoil precious ; cign’ty of their country is ffie for war* j ‘r7her, contrary to every principle of juf ticc, and to the laws of nations, the Bri/fii Cr * binet privately iffaedorders for the interruption cfall commerce with tl >• French } •lands, by any power n utrcl or ret, the fit me Rate excafe wa allt Jgec—viz. tliat the t& was ur.authorifed. When, under miniflci.cl oraeA, the Mer oiois, a !! par.:.'L frigate wiiA'a crag o cf confideri ble value was dcllroyed, when rdyic? on she p..- c.£c temper ol Great Britain, witn whom Spam j war. then at peace—the excuse was the- ?.i\ was unatituonfed.—Several perrons cf eminence and difliridhion at the Court of Madrid loft their lives | by this Ravage attack, but the apology was thr/t fufficicpt, uau t-.pc.ui was ci. 1 —-tire act was un authoiifed. ,v he :.iiellc£lual elevation of the American pecble precludes tue polubdity of t.irir b mg any longer duped by this worn cut tkchrslioa. They burn with aaxiet- to nufuri ih -Ik- cfriie Gaitwi, and to curb the audacious fpivit of It; j common enemy of nations. VTT A iN U *V£ / 1 , A private letter from Richmond/dated 24t'± ult. received by last night's mhil, Lis “Tint the grand point of law will be riuered jpon th s day, and it is Lid will caati.inaaU the we.-U. Should it oe determined in col. Burr's £:• /or, *. .* preicc.t.on icr trezfon will c-D, rod taut Hr