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common country l»y tho menace- of conse quences, and wo arc equally incapable ofii*- jin laiifftiuffo to othore. I» i" «« men brotliera -in llie spirit of 4n affection winch ih Htill warm and undiminialied.tliat we would call their attention to llipao inevitable result* | wliich n- itbor they nor wo will have tho pow er to avert. Examine the subject for a moment in its connexion with the principle* of an enlight- ened political economy, and boo iftlic coneid- e rations which nre urged to Hiiatain thin hvs- tcin aro not fallacious and deluaivo. The view muHt lie necessarily brief— consistingof hintfl and suggestions rather than of an ex- tondod argument, or of minute details ; hut our object will bo attained if iheao may *orvo to awaken a spirit of dispassionate inquiry. Wo are tho advocates of free trade. Tho argument which sustains it rests upon 11 pro position which may not be denied. It is the unquestionable right of every individual to apply his labor and capital in tin; mode which ’ • may conceive best calculated to promote I 1 ,;, „ v „ h.K-rCHt. Il in Itio interest of tho ,Ml 1 ,lie lint liti Bliould BO apply it. Ho un- llemtandn liettor than it can bo understoo,! |, v the government, wlmt will luco to Inn own benefitand ninco tho majnrily of in- jndi*ldu»U will, it properly |irotoctod, bo di.. S’ oftheir infliwiry *nd capital - inuni - pm! dneo in tbo rosolt tho Krcalcat .mount of pub- ic good. I/'t it bo remembered, tho. tbo oooatioc rclnten exclusively lotlm WiMdrm 2f rapltal. It cannot bo general -d by an act of loginlptioo. The power of tbo government in limited to its transfer from one emp oy- •«nt to another. It takfcs from aomo less interest, what it bestowa on the one wf|>ci.: t prufuflHca to protect. It is equally untrue l, nl BUC |, a system gives grentor em ployment I,. i u |ior. Its operation is confined to the simple nhangc of its application.— I,owa which prouct by bounty any peculiar species of labor, cur.not ho suid to encourage American industry—that is, diroctod to va rious objects. Those lows favor only a single class ; and since the bounty is not supplied by the government, but taken from the pock et of the individual, tho protection which is given to 0110 species of labor, is so given at the expense of every other. That course of legislation, which leaves American capital ftiui labor to itiu uiifuttorcd discrntioii oftlmw* who possess the ono and apply the other, can alone bo denominated the " Amorican Sys tem.” The interference of government, with the right nftho individual to apply his labor and capital in such mode as he may think must conductive to his own interest, thus neces sarily oporatos to diminish the aggregate a- mount of production. In other words, tho amount of tho nocossariea and conveniences of life which aro enjoyed by tho community is necossarily diminished. If ull nations then were willing to adopt tho system of free trude for which we contend, which is accordant to the spirit of Christianity and calculated to u- tiito nations in harmony and peace, it cannot ho doubted that tho interest of each would bn promoted. Thu only question which can bo raised on this part of tfio subject is, whether tho adoption of a restrictive policy, by one or more nations makes it the interest of'others to reciprocate those restrictions. Tho an swer seems to he sufficiently obvious and sat isfactory. The proposition which usserts tho superior advantages of a free trado among ull nations, rests upon the following principle.— Tho universal freedom of action which it al lows, tends most thoroughly to dovelopo the moral and physical energies of each nation, and to apply tlioin to those objects to which they aro hestaduptod. Tho proposition must he equally trno in relation to each nation, whatever may bo the policy adopted by oth ers. Tho nation which resorts to a restric tive policy, logihlutcs to her own disadvantage by interfering with the nnturul ami most proi- Vltthle employment of capital. To tho oxtent to which she thus excludes another nation from an accustomed or fr°m a desirable mar ket, she occasions, it is true, in that nation also a displacement of capital from ils natural channels. But can tho remedy consist in a retaliatory system of legislation ! in a system of farther restrictions imposed by the latter nation, bocauso, of the wrong dono by tho for mer, ami because it is also injurious to such nation 1 When wo apply those views to the Corn haws of Groat Britian, cons derod with rwlbrcnco to their effect upon us,is it not ih 11 obvious that a system of proUmdod retaliation which enfetters tho productive onergios of our own people, whatever may be its effect upon that nation, nccessurily incroaso the evils we ourselves uro destined to siistniu ? It ‘is strongly uru?d as a motive to the con tinuance of tlio existing tariff, that its opera tion had boon to effect n reduction of pricos. Those have, in fact, fallen since 181(1, and our opponents contend that this hr.s been the result of domestic competition. A moments reflection will demonstrate the fallacy of this assertion. Wo present a singlo fact in tho outset. Tho dimunition of price has been genrral, as well in relation to articles which are not protected by the existing tariff’of du- ties, as to those which aro. It cannot there, fore Imve arisen from this cause. l.ot us re member now that this dimunition of price has occurred everywhere—abroad as well us at homo—and not only in an equal, but, as a neccessary consequence of tho In riff,in a grea ter degree there than Imre. Among tho cauh 1 * which have produced this resu't, two promi nent ones are presented to your consideration —the diminished amount of tho circulating tnodium of the world and tho astonishing im provements which have introduced in the modes of production. Tho cost of production is less ; the comparative value of money bus become greater. Can wo wonder at the ro- ««!l 1 Take llis case of cotton goods—these have fallen in prion here since the enactmont of the tariff. But the sumo thing is true not only in an equal, but in a grentor degree a- broad—and the reason is obvious. The cau ses which have produced this result—those which have been before stated—have else where been left to exert their ful influence in effecting the reduction of price. Here their operation has been restrained by the conflict ing influence of tho tariff. The reduction therefore with us has necessarily stopped at a point, which is ascertained by adding the amount of duty to the price of the imported article. Thus the dimunition of price here has been retarded by it But for tins law the imported, which wou'd take the place of the domestic article in the consumption of the country, would be obtained at a price greatly below that which we actually pay, and the difference, amounting yeurly to many millions of dollars, would be saved to tho community. It cannot be doubted that the prices of all commodities, the domestic production of which is forced by the imposition of a duty upon a foreign article of similar description, nre raised by the amount of duty necessary to effect tho exclusion of the foreign article, or that this increase of price is paid by tho consumer, and that tho loss to the nation which is occasioned by this system of protec- lion, is nourly equal to such difference of price. The success which has attended the manu facture of cottons,is used to illustrate and en force another suggestion ill favor of tho tn-j riff. It is said that by means of tho protec tion afforded by government, manufacturers aro enabled to overcome the difficulties inci dent to new enterprises, and that the protec tion is ultimately repaid to tho community, in this reduced price at which the article is furnished. YMi have nlrendy shown that this reduction in price in tho case referred to, has not resulted from tho protective system Let us look however,ut this suggestion, apart from that consideration. If it he conceded for the purpose of tho argument, and only for thnt purpose that n manufacture might he es tablished by u temporary encouragement from government, which would not otherwise, at least nt that time, conic into successful ope ration, and that the community might ulti mately he repaid in the manner which is supposed, the following considerations seem decisively to repel tho force of that sugges lion, 'flie idea of permanent protection is excludud by the nature ofthe proposition. That which is proposed is temporary merely, and the question whether it is to bo ultiinnle- to depend on the successful operation of 1 lie protocted establishment. It is congress who arc to determine in advance upon the pro* priety of putting at hazzurd the interest* of tho community, by the forcud establishment of the proposed manufacture. The quest ion to bo determined depends upon the calcula tion of probabilities, to the correct estimate of which, much practical information is ob viously indispensable. Constituted uh that body is it is difficult to conceive of ono less iilinfl for such reference. On the other bund, there is always^enough of individual enter prise, iuteliguiice and capital, to test any ex periment winch gives a fair promise of ulti mate remuneration, notwithstanding it may bo subject to temporary loss. Loft to indi dividual enterprise, tho question would be decided hy those who have every motive und every means to come to n just conclusion — while tho proposed suggestion would throw upon congress those visionary projectors, who having failed to obtain the suiipoil of discreet and iiiiiili^cnt r.n|>it,ilium,would plnv tho sure game of securing profit,if hy the rarest uccident, prelit should arise, and of throwing tho loss upon the comm uity, if loss should ensue. It is said that a dependence upon other na tions, for those nuinuliictur-s which arc es sential to our wants, is inconsistent with our character amt nation ; and in this view thnt tho tariff is essential to national inde- pundenco. To us the term seems to he strangely misapplied. It is agreed that t system of free trade among ull the na tions of the world, hy securing the applica tion ofthe highest energiesolVudi to those objects which il was best qualified to produce, would cnlurgc tho amount of production, an.il increase the sum of human comfort. But such u statu of things would acce ding to the argument which is urged, he astute of uni versal dependence ; and precisely tho same consequence would follow in relation to t'm commercial intercourse of any given nation with the other nulmna of the world, to the extent of that intercourse, whether a system of free trado or of partial restrictions should prevail. That .intercourse consists in the mut ual interchange of commodities, and il is impossible to conceive the idea of a depen dence on tho one sido, without recognising the fact of a corresponding dependence on tho other. But such n state of muMinl de pendence is a source of gratulution rather than of regret, since it gives to each nation nil increased facility for the development of its highest energies, enlarges the sum of its enjoyments, uud affords tho surest guarantee for the peace and harmony of tho world. If tho suggestion be urged in its applica tion to the necessities of our country during a state of war, an equal satisfactory answer may bo given. It is unquestionably tho duty of every government to ho prepared for those conflicts with other nutinns, which it is not always possiblo to avoid: but this is most effectually dene hy tho unrestricted exertion of its peaceable energies. In u government constituted us ours is and separated as it is hy tne Atlantic from tho nations of the old world, it is reasonable to presume that, such conflicts will be rare. The intervals of peace will probably bo of much the longest dura tion, and our system of permanent policy should therefore he regulated chiefly with a view to this state of otir national existenro. But the decisive answer to this suggestion is, that money constitutes the sinews of war, and that its exigencies arc best provided for by enriching the nation in time of pi uco. A system of free trade will mainly conduce to this object. Tim resources which il will luriitah will second the services oflho neutral trader, and these with our own internal manufac tures, which are already independent of Lrg- islutive protection, will amply supply our wunts in such uu emergency. It is one and not tho least of tho evils of the system which wo deprecate, that it has u tendency to demoralise our citizens, to hah- itulatc them to evasions of t he laws' to cu- coursgo the odious and detestable practice of smuggling. It is tho effect of the protec ting duty to raise the price of commodities considerable above, that ut which they could ho imported at a moderate revenue duty. Un less tins is so, it fails to accomplish iis des tined object, and is culiruly uscles. Tin* in. ovdublc consequence is, the temptation to clandestine importation, &the facilities u Inch uro afforded by our widely extended inland and ocean frontier, give impunity to the smuggler. On tho several interests of agriculture, navigation and commorco, the mechanic arts, and even on tho manufactures themselves, this system operates with on injurious influ ence. Speaking with reference to that portion of agriculture, which is employed in tiio pro duction of articles which must bo exported to & foreign market, it is obvious that any con siderable diminution of commercial capital, by its tranfors to other employ in nts, must hnvo a tendency to diminish their price. It is in tho southern portion of the union tlmt this will bo most extensively felt. The domes- tic market will consume a portion of its great staple, which is, comparatively, small and the immense residue will seek in* vain for a for eign market, if tho manufactures of other nations aro in effect, and permanently exclu ded from our ports. This State or things may not at onco occur. is THURSDAY MORNING, OCT. 20. We aro compelled to lay over a number uf »<l- vertisomon'a. They will receive |>»rtii ul.tr atlOnlicn in our noil. fdP* Hy lli* ship Stutira wo have received New York papers of Wedm-sdny I2tli init. IC? 5 * It will be recollected that in ihe Address oflho Free Tr ole Conveii'iou, wh ; cll commence* on our firal pni.'o, thu pari moved to bo »lrick«n out by IWr. Gam a- stated, will opnrato to dimiu’sh their profits ( tin (which tnoii -n wailoat, 149 to 32,) bv-ginw wi lt the by the strongest considerations to sc»'k that supply from those who will receive her man ufactures in return. If this system ho ren dered permanent, and pushed to the prohibi tory extent, to which it conns inevitably to tend, the fat<‘ ofthe cotton planter is there fore, irrevocably scaled. Nor is ho alone ef fected hy this system of protection. The farmer oflho middle stales will feel its influ ence in the incroaso of the price of labour, ns well as of every article which lie buys ; ami if those in tho manufacturing districts should find an improved market for the pro duce of their farms, the moderations just stated, will opnrato to di —and the benefits which tU=y enjoy from the increased investment of capital in their vi cinity, will be purchase! at the expense of those interests from whch that capital has been transferred. ' When we direct ryrattention to the influ ence ofthe protccli/gsystem on the naviga tion oflho country/wo might give to tho sub- j oc t a peculiar ifiercst, hy dwelling on the '» column. 1 fact, that n ship is the proudest und-most |'he lai, fan Pacific, was bilow, successful of oar manufactures. From an curly period of our history down to the pre sent hour, wo Imve been conspicuous for mir skill 111 ship building. Adverting to it ns nu art, we have hy the elegance of our models, and the minuteness of our finish, raised it from u mechanic il, to 011c ol the fine arts.— Wo have applied tho principle? of a correct tent to naval arcliitccturw, mid have there- lore produced the sumo masterly result in this, as the application of the samnbrincinles hid produced in the other arts. (Ve might then with perfect fairness and propriety, press thu inconsistency of that policy, which seeks tho prosperity of manufactures, by loading with burthens tlmt brunch of them which has flourished with but little aid, and is necessarily subject to exclusioij from the jealousy of foreign nations. Wo might con nect this topic with our navy, ami o ir naval glory, utrJ thus enlist in our behalf thu sensi bilities of patriotism. But wo wave llio*e ad vantages, and without entering into details, content ourselves with adverting to the posi tive discouragements of ship building, occa sioned hy tlm tar.If of 1828. By that tariff, j iron, hemp, duck and cordage, arc inhj clod fo duties which would he in effect prohibito ry-, if these articles wore not of the first ne cessity, and their importation indispensable. The quantity of these articles which enter inio the construction of a ship, with the lnlmr bestoaed on them, constitute one hull* of its value, and duties upon them impose upon a now ship of five hundred tons u dry direct tax little short of two tlmusuml dollars, which is paid in iiilvuuce. Why say a dry, direct tax, for it is no , as in cases of consumable articles, ropuid by the consumer. Neither is it repaid hy the freighter, for the rate of freight depends oil foreign competition, and the foreign ship, cheap, because unburthciied, settles the price. The effects of the protecting system upon commerce in general, can only he satisfacto rily illustrated hy details. It is an important Tho result of the Muiylmul election hee been five Clay and lour Juckeon Congressmen, and fifty nine Olay and twenty one J notion Delegate* (Assembly- men.) In Delawnro llv Jack inn ticket has succeeded in ono out of iho fame cmintii.a of fan State. Ii r 'h pnrn|>raph < ommnncing "A numarmi* and res- pcc.ublo body," and end* with 1 tin eighth par ijimpli in the words “why alinuH tvo who are in victim*, not tiunil upon our chartered rights." By tho achr. Exact arrived on Tuesday, wc Imve re ceived New Y .rk papers of Wodiu tulay I2ili instant. Foreign ml.-lligcncc by thu Hannibal Iroin London, will ) Liverpool packet of Mr. Raxuoini, late Minister t» Rieaia, arrived in the Hannibal. A iImiik N. E. gunnel m on llio night of Ihe 9th, which condnum] with heavy rain, up to the night ofthe II h. A munher of vcaaels wore driven aslmro, anil a- mom; them brig \faintic from this port for New York, a L nu Branch, l.ulcn with L'..nbor lor Iho Patterson Bail Hoat. Herailn.vion was considered dangerous. Letters received at Charleston hy the Samuel Wrigh', stale that the Bibi-h Ant, imposing the A-8d, duty on Colton, llad rene vml ihe Itoyal assent oil the 23d Aug. hut it had mil gone into operation us lulu us thu 2d ol Sept, ut Liverpoo'. t Ni;wr Simp.—The fine new ship Robert Isinc, n ■I3.'i Iona hurl!ten, p.ipp- red and coppi-r fastened, was launched M Bath, (Me.) on the 27.h ult. She is raid tube a first rule vessel, will curry about sixteen hundred ha'us of Colton, ami ii .niemled to run bolweon this city'anil Liverpool, under the command of Capt. Vah- ni’m, formerly of the ship Georgia, The Hubert Isaac cost ncar'y 930,000, uutl is ow*iod by Messrs. A. I.ow & Go. ol this city, nod hears the name nf a n deceased partner of that old established and reaped b!e hou-c. It is said Ihntyfee hundred young men in Philadelphia and its vicinity have agreed to go out In fight the Polish battles, and are pledged to answer wiien tho roll is call ed ! On the night of the 29th ull. says the Barnstable Ga- to to, n Shark 13 foot long, jumped on hoard the puck- et schooner A'phion, Cjpt. U K. SeuniiBR, in Long lalnnd 8>-und ! Counterfeit five dollar notes ofthe Charleston Branch oflho United State* Bank, aro in circulation at Wash ington City, xo well executed u» to require a Hunk offi cer Ur detect them. According to the Loui-ville Advertiser, the Bank of the United Stales has unde n loan of $100,000 to fan city of Cincinnati, at five pir cent. ; the sleek redeem able in forty year*. Tho necessity of'having a supply cf the raw material for tho employment of her man- ufactories, may induce our great customer to submit, for a tune, to a system of purchase instead of exchange ; but she will he urged task, and will he faithfully performed hy those to whom it is confided. The diminution of imports—a total or partial scarcity of some articles—an increase of price to the consum er,a depression of tho mercantile spirit which, under different circumstances, would he ani mated to new enterprises, and Iho consequent chock to our attainment of that height of prosperity, to which tho freedom of our insti tutions guides us, these are results which cannot bo denied. That actual nusery is not felt in a young and fteocounldy, where al most every citizen is or easily dm be, a pro prietor, is not an nrgiim mt to deter us from the removal of those obstacles to tlmt assured nttd unoxunijiled ease and comfort of con dition, to which tho Amorican citizen, a* pi res and is untitled. If to tho easy acquisition of good cheap land, he can likewise add, not only the uccnssunes, hut blameless luxuries of life, why should ho be churlishly prevent ed bv a sordid and monopolising system, which finds enjoyment in restriction, and profusion in prohibition ? Every class of manufactures which is not tho object of tho bounty of this system, as well as tho mechanic arts generally, arc in juriously affected by its operation—Nay, even those manufacturers, who experience tins protection ure themselves interested in thu removal of these restrictions—The enormity ofthe profit#, in many instances, combined with the uncertainty of the continuance of the system, give to this employment the character of 11 gambling speculation, rather tlmu that of a regular pursuit of industry.— The high rate of profits would occasion a rush ofcnpital from other pursuits, and co n- petitinn would speedily reduce them to the general level, if the precarious tenure hy which they are held did not restrain the movement—Such of them as arc adapted to the c rcumstances 0/ the country, and con ducted with the requisite skill and industry would continue to flourish, alllmueh legisla tive protection were withdrawn. They would still give a fair return for the capital and la bour which they employ. Tho rate of profits would indeed be less, hut they would he cer tain, or liable only to those changes which tire common to tho wholo productive indus try of the country. It is with this view of the subject, that the best informed and most intelligent among tho manufacturers thorn- elves, cannot resist tho conviction that the The M.ic >11 Mesaenger, the oldest journal in that town, and one of the most ri‘S|ien'iih!e in the slate, bun recently ! tun enlarged and much improved in appear ance. Mu it An v.—We nre infmined that tho Hoad Qnnr- Ioth of fa.. 2.1 L*. S. Art.llorv, will bo removed from An- guvta to Can'.omuunl Oglethorpe un the 1st of next month. We hope that hereafter tho annual removal of tho trooi'H to Augusta will he diiifiuiiHeil wifa. IfOgletliorp.' Barrn'k* ah'mid prove an unhealthy ns during the firm non-on nffer their erection, qu-.rlvra can doubtless he found within the city both coriv niunt and healthy. At Fort Independence, Boston, on ih" 1st in<l. n ser geant in fae Uni'ed Sin'en service, paiiu d Isaac Wat kins, o'" Aii2"s'n, (Geo.) need 27, blew out bis brains with a musket loaded with hull. He commuted the net in n room in the Hospital during a abort ithst-nrn of a sol her who was ill there, and whom he had visited a- bout 8 o’c'oftk, appearing much dej>-r.tcd. He had that morning bought an ounce of powder at a shop in the Fort, stilling ihnt he wanted to mix it with sonic blueing foreloihen. Ho l.fal upon his bed, look Sir his In.ol an I sock, nud touched with his great ton the trigger of the musk. 1, which it np|iears he hmd .1 in tho room. Tbo Collector ut New Orb ana h is recendy seized n quantity of what wa* imp lied ns Syrup, hut which, on being nnuhzcd, proves lobe Sntj ir tli.i.iolvtdin water, and yiuhled more than eight pounds of sugar to the gal lon, nr eight hundred pounds to tho hogshead, of a qua 1 - ity stiperi r to any madu in Louisiana. Syrup pays n duty of fiffecn percent on its value where shipped, nnd Sugar three cents per lb. The 800 puunds in the West Indie* at three cents per pound would cost twot- •y four dollars : these twouty four dolors, wifa tho ad dition of per emt, would pay a duty at thu Custom Hoti v n, of fifteen per cent, amounitig to throe dollars and ninety cents. On 1I10 other hand tho eight hundred pounds uf real brown Sugar, imported with no view to evade the Uevnnue Laws, would at three cents per pound, pay m arly seven limes ns much, nr rxicllv ■wmi'y fair dollars. The Louisiana Advertiser state* faai great excitement prevails uniting iho planters, m consequence of tho intro luclion of this new article.— The matter is to come before u judicial tribunal. Thu New Orleans Mercantile Advertiser of the Rih in t. says—."Our city continues very healthy. During fae last wi ck n great numb, r ol the patients nt tho hos pital were discharged ; hui nt iho same time ihe influx oTollii rs was no less extraordinary, being greater than ut any former period, and making the whole number of ,nmat«s up to yesterday morning nt 10 o'clock 204, out of which number only 20 are females.'* Nbw Invention.—The Portsmouth Jnuriiiil g’vns ai account of a gnu, invented by George \V. Muiisk, n lad of about seventeen years of ngo, son ofthe Rev Uh van Morse, of Haverhill, N. H. This gun is «,f lintels .me workmanship, the slock is made in the listin' 111.iii'S-r, nml il . oihcr appearance of a lock than the go ird and trigger: 11 h on the percussion principle and so cons'rooted that with one priming it may be dwchaig ed sixty times. Mr. Sinclair, the great English voca'isl ha* ter minate ! a most successful engagement at ihe I’ark The atre, New York. Mr. FonRisr, who played on al er abandonment of thu protecting system, and ! na 0 al 'l' 0 same Theatre, Ins also hcen success- * • ’ ■ ' ' ... I f u | ( • - n return to moderate dn ies, ivonid ho bust i nkuliitod lo promote tho steady growth, and the safe and permanent establishment of A- uiericun manufactures. There is a remaining suggestion which wc desire to present to your consideration—The national debt, which hns annually absorbed from tin to twelve millions of revenue, is rapidly diminishing, nnd will speedily be ox- tiuguiehed. On the first day of January,1833, the available funds of the government will be adequate to its discharge. The existing tariff ol duties will produce thereafter an im mense auminl revenue, beyond the ordinary wants of the government, and tho task ol| u.-oviding a system of measures which shall bo adapted to this new and interesting con dition of the fiscal concerns of the nation, will then devolve upon the next Congress. llow propitious tho moment lbr the establish ment of the principles of free trade ! An en terprising and intelligent people, possessing in abundance the sources of nutional wealth, and perfectly uencumbcred by debt, may add to their claim.* upon tho gratitude of the world, for having successfully asserted tho principles of free government, by being the first also to proclaim the principles of a free and unrestricted commerce—that genuine " American System/’ which will remove from our borders every vestige of discontent, will give more value to the freedom, which was wrested from the grasp of oppression hy the valor of our ancestors, and perpetuate those institutions which are destined, by the blessing of God, to secure the happiness of unborn millions. The six nights of his new tragedy Tho Gladiator, averaged over one thous-ind dollars each. A young lady of 17, Mi** CLtrro.x, a 11 .live of New Y"«k, ha* succeeded at the Bowery in tragidv, nnd |.eifurmcd *cv« ia> nights to crowded hoimcs. The American says “there is already a fervor in h r claying which iiid.ca't-9 iknl her Hoitt is with her profisfion, nnd wh n wc add to this first requi-itc of succors, that her figure i* of the true tragic mould, tall and not xntatoninn nor ungrace ful, tint her face is handsome, nnd eminently expres. sive, •» i h large line eyes—it would scorn that nothing ft wan ing but study and exjinionco to make her the fust tra.ic actress on .he American board*." The Philadelphia U. S. Gaze'teiay* "Wc men tioned yesterday, that a family had suffered much f.om eating of n cabbage, suppmed to contain poisonous malt'r. It is the family of Mrs. Dingke, in South Second-street, that has thus been afflicted. We un derstand that Mr. Fenner, a member, dial on Sunday niornitig, and Mr*. Dinuef. died yesterday morning ; three members of the family are Ij ing very ill, but hope* aro entertained oftheir recovery.” It is thought that spiders or other veil inioua reptiles were concealed with in the leaves. A verdict of 5975 was obtained by Mr. William*in the Supreme Co rt in Ohio on the Uihinst. against Dr. O. K. Hawi ey, for allodgcd malpractice in tiunting a compound dislocation of the ancle joint of the plaintiffs wife. The Court were occupied three days in exam ining witnesses, and hearing arguments of counsel. Philadelphia, it appears by the accounts just made up, remitted $11,952 to the Fayetteville sufferers. Eight DtY* Later.—Tho *hip Samuel Wright nt Gharlesti.il from Liverpool, nnd the Hannibal at Now Yofa from London, l.avo brought Liverpool papers lo he 21 nnd London to tho 1st uf September. Commer cial I'Hcrs. which we are glad tn perceive, speak of a good demand and firm market, will bn found under Iho proper head. The ailiia'innnf the Pole*, if iho account* nre true, is melancholy nnd neatly hopeless. The Mercantile) Advertiser ray*— 1 ‘‘The account* from Poland aro in deed unfavorable, and if true,'rca izn nil our darkest furlKNlirig*—th 1 Hu-*i.m go d, and Russian intrigue hnvo been exerted, wc doubt not. but that they have bc. n so slice. *sliil as to create. hiicIi atrocities in W.ir- ■aw—the murder of ho many individual*, the displacing of tho Governor, anddisini-sal of Skitzt nu hi, we art* ilisp.ised to questi >11, coining, as tho report does far ugh • he Prussiun Gazette*, which have ever boon ini" i nl m the Polish ciu sc. Thu ne st respectable London journals arc inclined to doubt the report: tho Times of 31st August says “We have a* yet received no further accounts from Warsaw to contradict or uonfirm tho o which w e yesterday extracted from the Prussian papers. Hut in the abtt-nCQi-f poai'ive i lelligence, we *ro hap py to say tlinf the in re wo reflect on Prussian statu- nu n's, thu less pr liable they nppe ir." This paper proceeds lo show, why in its opj .i<ni the report may he doubted, and then ail.L "We shall lint, however, dis guise our conviction, that ifthc accounts which wo yes terday p'.b'Uhad should turn out to ho correct, fat cause of Poland is lost, nnd that, for a season, streams of noble b.ood have flowed in Vain." The Courier of 30th Angus, 011 the same subject sajR: “It will lie soon by our extracts from the Prussian State Gazette, under the liend of "Poland,” tlmt the gloomy view which we took of tlie prospects of the Poles was hut too correct. Tim Russians were, nt the date of thu lost accounts, within u very few miles of the capital, which was comparatively desti tutc of resources, and, as it would appear from these accounts, under the controul of tho mob. The atrocities which were said to have been committed in Warsaw, show hut too clearly that tho government wo longer possesses the power necessary for the organ ization and good direction ofthe means which it still retained ; and it is hut too prohuble tlmt nt this moment the siruirplos of tho pa triots of Pnand aro at an end.” There Imd been no general battle between the Poles and Russia ns on tho 12tli, both ar mies were in si{;lit of ouch other, nnd wnitui" the orders to ntlyance. German papers re port an action to Imve taken place 6n the fjtlt; if there had been any fighting oil that date, it could only have been between out posts. Tho Reform Bill is still in the English House of Commons, and is progressing slow ly—the opposition have k“pt their determi nation to talk ng'insl it. “ Last night,” says the Herald ofthe 3lst, “afforded another specimen of the anxiety with which tho Op position seize upon every pretext to create delay. Though the House sat until half past one, they could not contrive to get through more than a single clause, and that a clause which had been virtually determined by pre vious decisions of tho Committee.” Preparations were making at lust dotes, for the coronation of King William apd Queen Adelaide. A programme of tho procession is published in the London Cun of 31st Au gust. It is said that ilnngary had Bhnwn such feeling for Poland us required the attention of Austria, insurrections having taken place it) some parts ofthut country. It is said in the Quotidinnr, that Austria has again set troops to occupy the Papal Territories, and tlmt the invasion Imd not been opposed hy the French Government. It was reported that British troops were on their way to Antwerp, to make more secure Leopold’s soul on the Belgian throne. Tho French Army in Belgium, amounting to upwards of 3(1,00(1 men, were on the march to re-pass the frontiers, and re-t nter the posts they occupied before the expedition Alexander Dawson, member of Parliament for Louth, died in London on ‘38th August, lie took an active purl in tho debate 011 the Reform Bil. about ten days before. A Lon don paper says “ he Ims positively fallen a victim to the excitement uud fatigue of the Reform Bill.” The l)cy of Algiers, it seems, is in France, and his reception by M. Cusimer Perier Ims awakened a suspicion, which Imd been enter tained by many, 0'.' the intention of the French government to abandon their con quest in Africa. The latest accounts from Greece represent tliut country us continuing in a very distract ed state—and that disaffection is openly manifested nguinst the government. Capo D'Istrias, it is said is about to issue a paper currency, which it is toured will create an unseundnc8s in commercial and public opera tions. The Cholera Morbus, had it is said, nt the latest dales, broken out at Vienna, with great violence, and the inhabitants were flying in thousands from the city. This epidemic Imd carried off u great ma ny people in the port of Odessu. The London Courier stntcs, that accounts from all purls of the country concur tn repre senting the prospects of the harvest as the most decidedly favourable thut imve been known for years. ** London, Aug. 31.—City, Twelve o’clock. —The heaviness which has been for some days hanging over the Money Murket appears rather to increase than otherwise, without, however, any particular reason being assign ed for it, if we may except the unfavorable state of affairs in Poland—which, we under stand, is confirmed by the occounts which nre reported to have been received by the Polish Envoys—and the consequences which are deemed likely to result in Paris, should Warsaw fall into the hands ofthe Russians. The opening price of Consols was 81*(, and they are now at 81J § for the acccount, and 81 £ for money, with but little business doing. Two o’clock.—We have just learned that the King of Holland has accepted ef an ar. mistics for six weeks, proposed to him by the Five Powers; and it is expected that, during the above period, negotiations will take place for tho final adjustment of the differences with the Belgic Government. Consols are now 811 J for the account. Throe o’clock—Consols 814 l. FRANCE. Tho subject of Peerage, so long talked of, had, nt the latest dates, been brought before the French Chambers, hy M. Casmir Perier —in deference to the public feeling, tho pro- jeet of tho la\y submitted is for abolishing the hereditary descent of the Peerage—for con tinuing tho dignity during lifo only—nnd for placing tho nomination of Peers, wholly at the disposal of tho King. On this subject, the President of the Council made n long speech, an abridgment of which we find in our London pap hr.s ; wo huce not space to givo tho speech ontire, nor is it important thnt wo should. Tho following is the most important parts of it. CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES. Presentation of the Project of a Law on the Peerage. EXl’OSITIOX OF MOTIVF.8. The President of tho Council ascendptl tho tribune, and addressed the Chamber, lie ‘ began hy renvnding the Chninber tlmt he was discharging an appointed duty by submitting to tho two bodies of the legislature the ‘33d article of the charter ; allttdod to the Iffng time during which public attention Imd been directed to the subject ; exhorted members to divest their minds of prejudices, and to discharge themselves of ull j ledges o;-opin ions adopted before their entering tho Cham ber, contrary to a paramount reason of state, whether such pledges uud opinions might ho personal, or tho effect of preferring some particular system The advisers of thu crown, he suid, would offer their share of de votion to the public good, or rather, thev would follow the example set by the groat body ofthe Chambers. Aftnr proceeding in the same stylo of udmonition for some time, he said :— “ Gentleman these observations were in- dispensable for us above all, becauso we have it at heurt to demonstrate tlmt we arc ever willing to give a faithful explanation of our measures, when any would venture to allege against them tlmt they are aught but con cessions to the interests of tho country. “ The 2‘2d article of the Charter is con ceived in these terms :— " Tito nomination ofthe Peers of Franco belongs to the King. “ lie Ims tho power to vary the dignities— to confer them for life, or to render them hereditary.’ Tho sixty eighth articles ordains tlmt the ‘3'2d article he submitted to a new examina tion in the session of 1831. "This examination suggests three topics of investigation. " Shall the Peers be named by tho King,or hy the doctoral body ! “ Shall their number be limited or unlimi ted 1 “Shall the Peerage be hereditary, or for life only ? “ Before entering upon this investigation, gentleman, lot us ho careful to observe its proper limits. They are traced by tho 68th article, which submits to your consideration the 22 urticle, and nothing more, ; for as to all besides, the constitution bus determined The Chamber of Peers exists by the consti tution ; ils relations, ils attributes uro defin ed hy twelve-other articles ofthe charter—of that charter which the Chomb'er of Peers it- sclfhas voted as one of the three estates of the Sovereignty, and from which the same Chamber Ims, either by initiative or concurr ence, in many instances since the revolution of July 1830, caused to proceed political in stitutions and directory luws. “The King hits ordered us to submit to your deliberation the following project of law. to take rank, after it shall be adapted among the articles ofthe Constitutional Charter, us article 23. PROJECT OF LAW, A single article to replace article 23 of the Charter. “ The nomination of the members ofthe Chnmher of Peers belongs to the King. “ Their number is unlimited. “The dignity of a Peer is conferred for lifo. “ It is not transmissible by heroditec^- des cent. '* All dispositions to the contrary are an 1 shall he abrogated. “ Tho present article may be modified here after. “Nevertheless, no proposition for that pur- poso shall be submitted for examination to one legislature, unless the proceeding legis lature slmll have deferred it for that purpose. ’ Poland.—While the gigantic enemies of Polish independence are pressing from all aides upon Warsaw, and steadily, though slowly, hemming in the bravo haudlul of peo ple in q position from which nothing hut Polish valour and more than Polish union can deliver them, it is afflicting to hear not merely of (list ructions, hut of popularUis- orders, in Warsaw, in which all regard for its situation, and all respect for thu laws and for justice seem to have been sacrificed to a blind und unreasoning revenge ; in conse quence of insinuations thrown out against the honour uud fidelity of some of tho Chiefs, investigations into their conduct have been going on for some time past, but they Imve terminated in the complete and honourable acquittal ofthe ucctiscd. For some reason litis judgement I a- been denounced as partial and the people look into their own hands the cxccut.on of justice upon the prisoners, which they conceived Imd been denied by the Mili tary Commissions. The brave Skryznccki Ims been compromised with this violent party, and Jms bco.i displaced from the command of the urmy. Gen. Pradiuski is appointed in his room, and Krucowickito the head of the Na tional Government. No battle of conse quence hud taken place but the Russians were pressing more closely upon Warsaw ; and their approach no doubt, had been facilitated by the unhappy dissentions amongst the pat riots, which ure particularly unseasonable at this critical time. U r aasau>, Aug. 17.—Yesterday and the day before, were days ofhorror. v rhe Patri otic Club, long irritated against the establish ed authorities, and dissatisfied at not seeing GeneraliJankowsky condemned to death, at length determined on taking violent measures. On the 15th, at 8 P. M. the Club formally de manded that General Skrzynecki should be ordered to Warsaw. Hereupon they pro ceeded to the Castle, where the 200 Nation al Guards scarcely offered any resistance.— The seven prisoners of state were found, were murdered in their rooms, and tho bodies thrown into the gutter, or hung up at the lamp posts. The rioters then proceeded to the