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ful mysteries of Odin and of Thor; gal lantly the Irish resisted until 1014 when, upon the glorious field of Cloatarf, the Raven's pinions drooped in defeat, and its ominous banner was sullenly furled; they clung to the faith in later days, English Henry, and his murderess daughter, Elizabeth, devastated the is land with fire and steel, and sought to turn the people’s hearts after strange gods; they clung to the faith when yet later, Cromwell, the tiger-hearted, shed the blood of mothers and baljfes, in the name of the God of love, and sold a free people into hideous slavery in the name of liberty. More faithful than Israel of old, the Irish people have never turned aside from the “straight way,” but have held fast unto the truths God taught them, by the mouth of Patrick. This steadfastness in the faith it is that has made the Irish the missionary peo ple, carrying the truths of Christianity to new. worlds; and by their example, win ning peoples to God and spreading the doctrines of Christ’s Church throughout the earth. Ear back in the dark ages, tie Island of Saints was as a guide to ike nations of Europe, and holy men 'went forth from her to spread the glad tidings of “peace on earth to men of good will." Tu-dagrher children labor for that same cause as faithfully as then, believe as steadfastly as then, and thus after fourteen centuries of suffering and of persecution, have won for their loved is land the proud title ; ©corded her by the Sovereign Pontiff HEver-faitkful Ire land ! n For jtli*# - fidelity to prin ciple, the*/, Afiand is entitled to the admiration of all mankind. We have thus endeavored, within the brief limits of this article, to do the Irish people some measures of justice, not, be it understood, in the hope of re moving prejudice, but only to show to reflecting minds how unreasonable pre judice may be, when based upon ignor ance. The gallant spirit of this - people is proven by their unceasing efforts at independence through seven centuries of wrong and tyranny; their devotion to truth is proven by their faithful adher ence to Holy Church through all vicis situdes for upwards of fourteen centu ries; their achievements in arms, in science,in art and in literature, are mat ters of universal fame, so that to the judgment of the honest we may safely leave their reputation. The criticisms or hostilities of open enemies they never fear, the encomiums of true friends will never be unmerited, but no more Field . p “' Bjri ‘W * foreign Correspondence. London, Oct. 5, 1875. Parliament not now being in session, and many of the ministers being still ab sent rusticating in the country, and no body in town yet, there is absolutely no thing transpiring of any special political or religious interest; so much so in fact, that I am meditating a visit to Scot land sometime next week, where I may write you from Edinburg. The principal subject of discussion by the metropolitan press is, that of the Nuncio’s letter to the Cabinet of Madrid, in reference to the violation of the Con cordat, or treaty ratified some years ago by the Government of Spain aDd the Holy See. Each journalistic critic views the case from his own politico-religious standpoint. lam alluding, of course, to the leading representatives of English opinion, not to the organs of Exeter Hall and “Evangelicanism,” which are afflicted with a phase of mental disease known as Papaphobia. The Catholic religion, from the time of the conversion of Spain to Christianity,has been supported by the Crown down to the fall of Isabella 11., and a concordat, or treaty, with the Holy See has usually regulated the relations of the Church and State, such as making provision for the nomination of candidates for vacant bishoprics, deaneries, archdeaconries, canonries, prebendal stalls and other church dignities. Upon the restoration of the Alpkonso dynasty, the Nuncio at Madrid invited the attention of the Spanish Ministry to the existence of this treaty. The former Cabinets, while complying partially with some of the ar ticles of the concordat, such as the nom ination to the church offices referred to above, had either neglected or refused to execute the remainder of their solemn treaty obligations. The Nuncio simply intimated to the Spanish Cabinet the ne cessity of enforcing its own treaty stipu lations, in making the Catholic the re ligion of the State, just as, at this time, someone of the Protestant sects is the established religion of England, Scot land, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Prus sia, and the other Protestant States of Germany. In France, Belgium and some parts of Catholic Germany, Prot estant ministers are paid out of the Na tional Treasury, .on equal terms with the Catholic clergy. Is not the succession to the English crown expressly limited to a Prince of the Protestant religion ? Should our Queen or the Prince of Wales, to-morrow, renounce Protestant ism, she and he would, in accordance with the Protestant concordat, forfeit their right to the throne of Great Brit ain. Did not the Protestant Episcopa lian ministers of England and Ireland, with the sympathy of some even in America, address a strong remonstrance to the Gladstone Cabinet against the passage of the bill for the disestablish ment of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Ireland ? Out of the four or five mil lions of people in our sister Kingdom, about five hundred or six hundred thou sand only profess the Episcopalian re ligion, and yet this minority religious sect was established by law, and the Catholic millions, the Presbyterian, Methodist and Baptist thousands were taxed to pay the salaries of the estab lished ministers. In the case of Ireland the people were forced to support an alien sect—a foreign exotic, distasteful to the nation politically and religiously; in fact, to uhlji Americanism, a “car pet-bag” establishment, supported like a hot-house plant, under glass, by official fertilizers. To say the ieast, in Spain, Scotland and Northern Europe, the es tablished religions are certainly in har mony with the creeds professed by the vast majority of the people. The Spanish radical Cabinet of the time, when it violated its treaty obligations with reference to certain privileges of the ; Catholic Church, went further and com mitted gross acts of injustice and oppres- I sion. The property of the Church was seized, sold and the proceeds placed in | the official pocket. Now let me con - trast the treatment of the established ! churches by the two governments of ! Spain and Great Britain. In Spain, the church was disestablished, it is true, but it was enslaved and robbed — its property I confiscated. How did our Imperial Par- I liament disestablish the church of a I very small minority in Ireland ? It cap ■ itali/.ed the value of the church livings, lor pastorships, and instead of confisca ting the ecclesiastical property of the Protestant Episcopalian Church in Ireland, presented to it the pitiful sum of only fifty five millions of dol'ars. Last Sunday, in all the parish churches of the diocese of Westminster, a circular was read from the Cardinal Archbsshop, an nouncing special services in commemora tion of tiie restoration of the hierarchy to England twenty-five years ago. The Catholic religion is making steady progress in the Kingdom,which is noticed by even the most superficial observer. It is true that from peculiar circumstances hitherto, the Church seems to have re ceived more adhesions from the nobility, gentry, the literary, artistic and profes sional classes. But, of late years, it is influencing the middle and even the lower classes. We see the evidence of the iincrease of the, in the •fmiJP-OTiR new Mhurclies, chapels and missionary stations in all parts of the Kingdom, some of which I will mention. The corner-stone of anew church was laid by Cardinal Manning on the 23d ultimo, to be built in the style of the early Christian churches iu Rome, under the charge of the Rev. Mr. Alien. The new church of St. Andrew, at New Castle-on-Tyne, was opened last week with imposing ceremonies by the Rt. Rev. Dr. Chedwick, Lord Bishop of Hexham and New Castle, with a thrilling discourse by the noted Monsignor Capel, D. D., Rector of the Catholic University, Kensington. An interesting ceremony took place in the beautiful and picturesque church of St. Denis, Torquay, in the diocese of Plymouth. The Rev. James Higgins, B. A., formerly Protestant Curate of Taunton, was ordained priest in the Catholic Church by the Lord Bishop of Plymouth. The Catholic University in Kensington has met with a severe loss in the sudden death of one of its most eloquent lecturers and learned profeseors, James P. O. Hara, Esq., M. A., T. C. D., Professor of Political Economy and Lecturer on Law and Constitutional History. The new church of St. Boniface, in London, for the Germans, erected at the private expense of Cardinal Manning, Archbishop of Westminster, was opened by His Eminence on Michaelmas-day, assisted by the Rev. Dr. Patterson, the Rev. Father Amoux, and the Rev. Messrs. Lockhart and Cooke. For the accommodation of the rapidly increasing Catholic population in the diocese of Southwark, the foundation stone of another new church in honor of St. Edward, has been laid by the Lord Bishop of the diocese, assisted by the Very Rev. Canon Crookall, the Rev, Father Reynard, and the Rev. William Alton. The Catholics ef the diocese of Beverlv have sustained a severe loss by the death of one of their most energetic and zeal ous clergymen, the Rev. Edmund Walrn esley, of Shipley, a member of one of the oldest families in Essex. He received his theological education at St. Cuth bert’s College, Ushaw, and was appoint ed to the mission at St. Mary’s, Sheffield, and was subsequently appotnted Mis sionary Rector of St. Walburga’s Shipley. The requiem mass was cele brated by the Lord Bishop of Beverly, with a sermon by the Very Rev. Canon Motlen. Avery successful mission was closed on Sunday at St. Mary, Batley, by the Redemptorist Fathers, under the leadership of the Rev. Father Brads haw. On the succeeding day, the Lord Bishop of Beverly, assisted by the Very Rev. Canon Gordon, confirmed a class JofJ4oo candidates, Tii E SO U lYii PN CKOSS which had been prepaml during the j mission by the zealous fai*&rs, nearly all of whom were adults. The Rev. Janies Foron. who has had pasioral charge of the Mission of the Walker-on-Tyne, in the diocese of New Gestle, has left England for the Falkland Islands. Previous to his departure for the new mission a large meeting of the Catkolie and otic r people of the parish was held, and a J purse of gold and an address on vellum, were present ed to him on behalf of the inhabitants as a testimonial of ref lect. Among other speakers as the Rev. Mr. Doug las, the Presbyterian Enister in the parish. Scientific. Velocity or Light.- -fAwas shown by Roemer, a Danish astrorl >mer, in 1678, that light occupies nearlf 8 1-4 minutes in coming from the su\ to the earth, which gives a velocity of 192,000 miles per second. It is difficult, to conceive a velocity so great as 192,000 miles per second, a speed that would carry a ray of light around the earth eight times in a single second of time. Borne idea, how ever, may be had oity of light from the fact that it ’wonlc jrequiro more than two and a half pentj.ir .es for one of our most rapid express trains of cars to run a distance over, which light passes in 8 1-4 minutes. It takes light more than four hours to reach us from Neptufro, the most distant of the planets of our system, and it is capable of proof'that lightjpccupies more than three years in coming to us from the nearest of the fixed stars. Now if astronomers are righiUn their inference that the remotest stuns visible in our tel escopes, are more tlmii a thousand times as distant as the nearest ones, then, in deed, must- the that makes us aware of their existnaefT; have set out on its journey long centuries before the be ginning of the ChristiaTT'ra. These con clusions serve to show the vastness of the material universe, and the comparative littleness of our own planet.—(Pock). The Value of Pqui.tty —A curious statement has been made and published in a French paper in regard to hens in France at 40,000,000, valued at $20,000,000. Of these about one-fifth are killed annually for the market. There is an annual net production of 80,000,000. chickens, which in market yield $24,000,000. The extra value to be added for fattened iiens, and the like, is (XXnOQO. The production of Him, worth‘d $48,000,000. In all, it is reckoned that the value of hens, chickens' and eggs sold in the markets of Famce is $80,000,000. If 7 men in 15 days can build a wall 77 ft long, 5 ft wide 4 ft high, in wliat time can 18 men build a wall 148 ft long, 11 ft wide and 6 ft high? Ans: to last question, by a young friend in Jacksonville—lo cords, correct. CHESS PBOJH.EM. White. Black. K. on K. B’s 2nd. K. on Q’s sth. Q. on K. B’s sth. P. on Q’s B’s 3d. Kt. on K. B’s 6th. K. B. on his square White to move and mate in two moves. An.s\ to last problem: White. If Black takes Q Q. to K. 4th. with either P., White mates by ad vancing aP. If he plays anything else, Q. takes one of the Pawns and mates. SOUTH CEOKIiIA COI.II MIBTKN. Editors Southern Cross: Yesterday I visited the magnifi cent mills, and establishments of Col. Hand and Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, in Lumpkin county. One of the mills runs twenty stamps, another ten, and a third one is being built of equal caliber. The two, now in op eration, work off from eighty to a hundred tons in twenty-four hours, and are driven by the waste water of the Yahoola river. The ores are brought into the mills by sluices, fed from a canal twenty miles long, which is 300 feet above the old river bed; and cost over half a million cf dollars. The quantity of water, when the small canals are finished, will employ over two thousand miners, in piping off the superincumbent earth; and thus find numerous rich veins. The yield from the two mills, this week, in three days, exceeded four hundred and fifty penny weights, from the labor of fifteen hands. But when they get the mines fully pre pared, they will make more than twice as much, exclusive of the rich lodes, or bonanza’s, which must inevitably be found, in the progress of their work, without cost. On Saturday morning they discovered a rich lode on lot 1037, which will yield SI,OOO per week. The refuse ore, below average, yields about S6OO from the two millp; but they will open veins, which will tiiehl over SI,OOO per day, with their prejknt small force. Yours,C M. S. Mr. Bryant complete* last spring his introduction to the “History of the United States,” which Scribner, Armstrong <k Cos. are to publish. GOLD BOAT. Editors Southern Ctoss: A steamboat is being built on the Chestatee river, near Dahlonega, for washing out the river-bed for gold. The process is anew patent, which is on the principle of steam pressure through pipes in a large diving-bell, and suction by vacuums, drawing up the gravel and gold from any depth to the deck, where it is washed, and the -gold obtained. It will be in operation in a few weeks, and, if successful, will open up anew industry of great magnitude, as the Chestatee contains rich depos its of gold for forty miles, and the Chattahoochee river for more than sixty miles, both giving an area of seven mil lion square yards; much of which will pay from three to five penny-weights per square yard. Messrs. Loud and Cook have no doubt of tho success of the scheme, as they have proved it by satisfactory experi ments. Yours, M. S. Literary. Mr. William Morris is engaged on a metrical translation of the iEneid. The autograph manuscript of “Don Quixote,” signed by Miguel Cervantes, is at present in one of the libraries of the Duke de Medina-Coeli. Mr. Charles G. Leland has in the press a work entitled “Fu-Sang, or the Discov ery of America by Chinese Buddhist priests, iu the Fifth Century.” It will be published in London and New York si multaneously. Mr. Disraeli lias granted a pension of $250 a year to the widow of Giovanni Battista Falciere, the faithful servant of Lord-Byron, celebrated in the writings of the great poet, as well as in those of Moore, Rogers, and Shelley, by the name of “Tita.” The Athenaeum announces that an official history of the Ashantee Cam paign will be published. It is not yet finally determined to whom the task shall be confided, but it will probably be intrusted to two well-known officers who distinguished themselves in the war. Captain Wyatt has in hand a History of Prussia, to be comprised in eight volumes. The first two volumes will be published in October. Messrs. Macmillan & Cos. have in the press a work by Dr. Anderson, Director t-f the Indian Museum, Cal* ! eutta, anil ''T&fS&tit-tti Cfc;3*piS£JMS Anatomy, Medical College, Calcutta, giving an account of the two expeditions to Western Yunan, the first of which was commanded by Major Sladen, and the second by Colonel Horace Browne. To the latter, in which Dr. Anderson took a part, Mr. Margary, who was murdered at Man wye, was attached as interpreter. The hook is thus the work of an eye-witness. Messrs. Chatto and Windus promise “The Correspondence, Table Talk, and Memoir of Benjamin Robert Haydon,” by his son, F. W. Haydon, illustrated with a portrait drawn from a cast of his face, and fae-similes of many interesting sketches, including a portrait of Haydon drawn by Keats, and a side face of Keats by Haydon, and sketches of Wilkie, Leigh Hunt, Maria Foote, as well as the first ideas for several of his paintings, all reproduced from the ori ginals in his journals. The work will j contain a large number of unpublished letters from Keats, Wilkie, Southey, I Leigh Hunt, Charles Lamb, Kirkup, Landseer, Wordsworth, and others, as well as Haydon’s official correspondence respecting the Elgin Marbles, the deco ration of the Houses of Parliament, and the foundation of a National School of Art. Sir Aubrey de Yere’s “Mary Tudor.”— j It is curious to observe, how sometimes I an accident will give prominence to neg-! lectcd merit. The publication of Mr. Tennyson’s drama on Queen Mary, has j caused many of the London papers to institute a comparison between it and j the late Aubrey de Vere’s much neglect ed drama on the same subject. Singu- j lav to say, the universal verdict has been j greatly to the advantage of the little known and less famous work. His drama deserves reading, and is infinitely more poetical than Mr. Tennyson’s, which has been so much over-praised and over-rated. We are glad to see that justice is at last being done to the genius of one of the sweetest songsters of the nineteenth century. Dr. 8. Wells Williams, the well-known Chinese scholar, has recently published a syllabic Dictionary of the Chinese Language, arranged according to the! Wu-fang-yueu-yin, with the pronuncia tion of the characters as heard in Pek ing, Canton, Amoy, alid Shanghai. The work has been printed at the American Presbyterian Mission Press at Shanghai, and is comprised in one volume of about 1200 pages. France publishes 1316 newspapers, of which 526 belong to the provinces, and 754 to Paris. Thirty-seven of the lattei arc daily and political. The depart ments of the Nord, Seine Inferieure, and Calvados are most disposed to Mon archy, as the Conservative journals num ber respectively 24, 13, and 10, against 8,3, and 4 Republican; whilst in May enne and the Lower Alps the Royalists are unopposed by a singlejjßed print. The Austrian Imperial Academy is about to publish an edition of the Latin Fathers, under competent editors. Such a work will be of use to students, espe cially if brought out at a price that will enable persons living out of the way of large libraries to possess it for them selves. Even the Abbe Migne’s edition of the Fathers has been of use in this respect. The Liberte informs us that during the past year there were published in France as many as 11,917 French works, these including new editions as well as works wholly new, but not journals, re views, or periodicals of any kind. The number of engravings, including, maps, amounted during the past year to as many as 2196, and the number of pieces of music, vocal or instrumental, to 3841. Mr. Howell’s new novel is to be entitled “Private Theatricals.” Miss Ella Wheeler, the Wisconsin poet ess, has another hook in press, the title of which is “Maurine.” Current Events [By Telegraph.] Home. Report of the Indian Investigating Committee— Washington, Octal. 13 The Indian Investigation Committee have made their report. They recom mend the abolition of the offices of Su perintendents of Indian Affairs in the West, and that their duties be per formed by the inspect ors, and recommend territorial government for the Indian territory, the establishment of courts, abolition of tribal sovereignty, extension of the criminal laws of the United States over the Indian reservation, the exaction of individual responsibility from the In dian for his acts, the recognition of in dividual rights of property in their lands, with some temporary restriction in their power of alienation. They handle Dela no as guilty and condemn Dr. Saville as honest but weak. They invoke the pow ers of the Department of Justice for the punishment of the Indian ring, and deal roughly with contractors of the West generally. The report covers many col lums and is unanimous. Rome. The note, which has been sent by Spain to the Vatican, points to their religious Condition off Euroyffi and makes the deduction that Spas£* tioiual It expressed a wish to negotiate for the modification of some of the con cordat of 1851, which can never be exe cuted. The Ministry explain that they were defeated. The note asks the Vatican to consent to a settlement on the broadest basis possible. As the Madrid Government asks the Holy See for certain modifications in the article of the Concordat with the Vatican and Spain, and thus admits that it has not the right to nullify it, there is no doubt that his Holiness Pope Pius IX. will lend himself to all the new arrangements necessitated by circum stances. Franco. Paris, October 18.—A banquet in honor of Thiers was given at Anacton in Gironde. Thiers said the republic must be maintained. Did not think the Rad icals were as black as they were painted. He believed, if they gained power, they would pursue a different course from what their opponents suppose. He desired the removal of all functionaries who do not -respect the republic This he thought necessary to render the doctions representative. He denied that a republic would isolate France. She may count upon the sympathy of Eu rope. Europe’s policy in future would be peace and non-intervention. He advocated a liberal and modern system of education. England. London, October 18.—The Pandora has returned. At Peel Sound, within twenty miles qf King William’s Island, she encountered impenetrable fields of ice. The graves of three of Sir John Franklin’s men were discovered on Beachy Island. Negotiations between Mr. Wade, Brit ish Minister, arid the Chinese Govern ment are progressing satisfactorily. The Pekin Gazette publishes an edict referring to the murder of Mr. Margaiy, declaring the right of foreigners to travel, in the interior and requiring the Chinese officials to take cognizance of the treaties. Messrs. Grovenof and Baker will proceed to Yunnan overland. Mr. Wade has arrived at Shanghai. Camilla. Montreal, October 18.—Yesterday a pastoral letter from Bishop Bourget was read in all the Catholic Churches, again warning the people not to interfere with the burial of G uibord’s remains, and advising them to keep aloof from the ceremony. The decree of the Privy Council was acquiesced in, and is to be obeyed. Yet the ground, in which Guibord’s body will be intered will be fenced in, and thus separated from the consecrated cemetery. 3