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THE GAZETTE HL'MMKKVII.LK, HA. jr. C. LOOMIS, EDITOR, I'HICK OF KCIKKiniON. Fee aaa year, 91.701 For 6 months, 91.00 Payment In advance. Advertising rates are adjusted to nls •I this paper as ■ olrouUtlnK medium In Chorokaa section of Deorgla. Katlnatn Hi terms glica on application. ▼elantary eemmunleations from the mad. era at tats paper are alwa/l welcomed. Newe of a kinds le preferred, especially county neve. If pan wish to Improve yourself In anting, prac tice eaa aid yon. " Practice makes perfect." Cemmunlcatlea, must be accompanied bp the Writer's came, or they cannot be published. THURSDAY MORNING, HAH. 7. 1979. MATTERS Ilf KL'BOrK. Ragland is pushing forward her pre parations for war rapidly—-ordering the Manufacture of torpedoes, buying tele graph wire to \os with them, fitting up smbulaoeea, bsyonets, etc. It is now said to be doubtful whether the conferonoe about which so much has been said will be held. Russia proposes to settle with Turkey alone some questions which Eng land and Austria think should be decided by the conference—hence the doubt. Russia is said to have given Austria as suranoes which have made an Anglo- Austrian alliance much less likely. Some think that the Turks have become satia ted that it it best for them to have a Russian protection established over them, aad that Russia, after contending with the other great powers in the conference for the terms ot peaco as published, will Stake a show of yioldiug enough to satisfy than, and after the ceufetence has ad- Jeuraod carry out an agreement which they think the has secretly made with Turkey. Altogether it must be admitted that there is a strong smell of sulphur in the tauten breeiee. LOUISIANA. Th# prosecution of tbe "Returning Beard" in Louisiana for forgery ad pet jary iu making returns of the lust Presi deatisl election, in an important part of aurrent political history, auii it is well enough to take a iittlo pains to form correct and impartial opinion concerning it. Republicans nlaim that the mouther* of the K(Horning Board are men of spot - lean reputation, whose real eritue consist# simply in the fact that they are Republi cans, and denounce the prosecution as "the greatest outrage which has over occurred in American history." To know something of the previous conduct of these uteri may help us in forming our opinion. The laws of Loaisinrm provide for n Reluming Board to count tho re turn* in all general elections, and give them the authority lo <Jimw out the votes of any place whero tho election was not fhirly conducted: hut the laws arc very explioit in laying down the method in which anv unfairness shall tie proved. Thu laws say that the Returning Board ahall oonaist of five members, not all of the same political party: but in 1876 two white men, Wells and Andovson, and two negroes, Kenner and Uassanave, all Re publicans, composed the Board: the Democrats had made many attempts to bare the vacancy filled, but had failed, la 1875 a Congressional committee com posed of five Republicans and two Dem ocrats investigated the aetion of the Re turning Board, of which Wells and An derson were then members, in making up the returns of a previous election ter State representatives, and roported in those words: "We are constrained to declare that the action of the Returning Beard on the whole was arbitrary, unjust, •ad ia our opinion illegal, and that this arbitrary, unjust and illegal aetion alone prevented the return by the Board of a majority of conservative members of the Dower Uousd." And they ‘‘recommend ed to the House of Representatives of Louisiana to take immediate steps to remedy sttid injustice, and to place the parsons rightfully entitled in their seats." The United States’ House of Repre aantativee was Republicaa by a decided majority, but tho testimony was too pointed to be ignored, and tho report was adopted. Wells was .thorn President of tha Returning Board, and the committee reported this additional circumstance concerning him. He lived in the Rapides Parish - The returns seat to tho Returu lug Board from that parish showed a majority fertile three Dcoiacratio candi dates for Bute representatives. No pro test or chargs of intimidation aceoui paaied the returns: but certificates of elcotiou were issued to the three Repub lican candidates. The committee founi among the papers relating to the elections •n affidavit signed by Weils himscll, charging intimidation at certain polls: the votes at these polls were thrown out by Wells, and the Republican candidate* hd a majority of the votes at the other pells. This document was not brought before the Returning Board when they were canvassing the votes, and it was not dated, the committee also ascertained that Wells was not in tbe parish on the day af Hn afwttoa They innwnl him to appear before them and explain; hut ho l did not come- Yet in speakiqg ol these men lost year, Sherman, than Republican I Senator from Ohio, now a Cnhiuct officer, I said in the Senate that he belieVcd they were ns honest and honorable gentlemen as himself. How fur party fouling will drive men in these days! The feeling of the people n‘f t lie South finds fitting expression in the following extract from a speech of Mr. Chalvers, of Mississippi, delivered in the Mouse of Representatives on the 26ta ult; "It is claimed that Anderson should not have been prosecuted because the lives of traitors wore spared. The man who takes up arms in defense of a constitutional principle is not more a traitor than lie who robs the people of their elective franchise. If we were traitors we met you ill the field and staked our lives upon the justice of our causa. It the Return ing Board and their aliettors were traitors to Republican liberty, they; with perjury on their lips, forgery on their hands, and usurpation in their hearts, under cover of darkness attempted to steal away the prioeless jewel of constitutional liberty, and will go down to history linked in infamy with the blackest traitors on the tide of time." In the same speech he quottd a remark of Pre.-ident J.inoiln which wc do not recollect having seen before. Standing on the field of Gettys burg after the buttle, be said; “The men who held these heights will lie remember ed forever, but the men wlm charged up those heights will live in history, too, and I shall always bo proud to remember that they were my ooun rynien. ” HOARD COMMIHNIONKKS ROADS AND Revenues. SUMMERVILLE, Ga., March sth, 1878. Regular term.—Present, A. P. All good, J. T. Hendrix, T. B High, and K. R. Foster. Ordered that W. D. Kellettbe paid for receiving ami dieting prisoner, $3.00 out of jail fund. Ordered that IV. 1) Kcilett reoeve foi summoning jurors usd wued for court house $8.75. Ordered that Trim Manufacturing Company lie paid for books and express, sash and glazing for court house, $10.77. Ordered that the entire pauper list l>c paiil as before. Ordered that W. K. Neal he appointed Road Commissioner in the place of C. I>. Gaines, he being over ago, ioi the 940th district. Ordered that the Ordinary he paid $2.44 for purchasing b -ok? fer his office. Ordered that Joseph Abrams be paid $89.05 for building court house fence and steps. Ordered that Win. Penn ho paid for lumber h r icnc.ng court house sl7-57. Ordered that the fence around the court house he painted, and that the eon tract he let out to the lowest bidder; bids tube rcaeived by Judge Hendrix and contract let on the ltiih day of March, at 2 o’clock P. M-, according to th> 10l lowing specification: That two coats ot white ’ead he put on outsideaud in, with a slate color on barge at bottom ttud on step*. Ordered that Hubert Williams have permission to change the road an his own lanJ, at his own expense, by putting it in qnnditiou that the commissioners will receive. Ordered that the Board will hear all statements for or against the new road from Mrs. Moseley’* by Richard Echols’ to Wyatts & Clcghorn’s mill at our next regular meeting. Ordered that John S. Clcghorn be authorized to purchase orchard grass seed enough to sow the court hou-o yard. Ordered that the Summerville Gazette bo paid $1.50 for publishing the proceed ings of this Board. A. P. AllciooDj Chairman. K. 11 Foster, Clerk. ' ' CKIMB. John Back alow was killed by Green Clayton in Atlanta on the night of -fie 23d ult. Bucknlcw was a desperate nviua tad had abused Clayton very much before' the latter made the fatal thrust. The south-bound train ou tho Texas Central railroad was attache 1 at Al eu Station on tho night of the 22d ult., an the express car wan robbed of $..'5.0 0 'ihe passengers were not molested. One hand ef Mo’ly Maguire*, who ha., bean operating i- *".etim* Gi ber! Ood ol lew* '<'s. ••m, oc : ' i.o •ylvatia Central iabroad, ba* been .l tecUd and 1 1 n ui The sheriff of Westmoreland ooun y a:**r c> ssiderahlc witching, fixed his vuspuciotis on one Parafitr. ami sut.-ee-ied in inducing him to Uiakt a *u.i c tvessi. n. i’arafirt elateuiem* were sre- war-i- c rrohorati and b> an ther of Gtc gang They have hr, and hart! feeling* he ween the miners and t 1 o owners ol the mines, organized strike,, burned bouses, vmgous, and haystacks, and killed tuie man. ihe rear ol the band hare fled, closely pursued by detectives. The whipping-post law was inaugur-t ted at Bristol, on the Virginia side, last Saturday, by the legal castigation of a colored offender by the officer Thirly losses were administered. Thu offense was stealing a bnakut. Washiegton Letter. Washington, D. 0., Fh. 26,1878. People fond o'' their little jokes are : often starting rumocs that Secretary 1 Sherman will resign if curtain things are j done or left undone. It the administra | tion did not interfere to save Well- and Acderson, Sherman would rc.-ign, and if the silver bill passed be would resign. He has never Leon known to resign. No , Sherman ever resigned anything, or re | fused to accept anything. He not only is not to resign r.ow that the silver bill has passed, but he has commenced prepara tions, in advance of its becoming a law, to carry out its provisions. lie will not resign, and lie will not outrage public sentiment to such an extent that Hayes will be forced to di-uiiss pim. What iSberman will do is to cling to bis present office until he thinks be can get a better one. A city paper this morning aptly iilus trates Mr. Hayes' supposed state of mind on the silver/bill, which goes to him for action to-day as follows: “The reliable contraband—we bog par don, the man from Ohio who has talked with Hayes—said at 4 o’clock day before yesterday, that tho silver hill would cer tainly be vetoed. At 4:15 lie informed us that Mr- Hayes would sign the bill, i accompanying hi* signature with a veto message or words to that effect.. At 445 the intelligence burst upon us that the t bill would be allowed to become a law without the de facto Presidential signa ture. At 4 o'clock and it* minutes, h.w ever, Mr. Hayes, in response to an inquiry as to what action he woul i take, r< a ;rl that he would not only give *he n >■: close -eiitdny but ilia he w old a! the at tenth, ol Ac (a hi net t. it.” ()n Sa'ttrda. .1 t’du " iota!.. i*n t the 1 oti <u At C'Oiasej tor • new h i 1. Tin c- are, h a over, (her p'pai: within the power ot Vi. 'arson or putting off ihe evil day wh n 1 e will g - | to the penitt’ntia'V A.ter they are ,n j turn exhaaatcc me the danger that • Governor Nichols will pardon b in, out of j deference to the well knowu wishes of Messrs. Hayes and Sherman. It is now said that the Pacific railroad committee will recommend aid to t e amount of ten thousand dollars per utile to the Tex .> Pacific road There arc also indications of weakening on the part of) some of those menu ersot the flou-e who I have expressed a determination to fight ‘ any subside - fur ocean steamship com- ; ponies. The suppression of liquor elling in the cnpitnl has had good effect upon the trade ol the nearest restaurant, the “Con gressional." Tin amount of money taken over the bar at that piaee, from Congres.v mo j, lobbyist-, employes at. visitors, is now very great, and the iauwaao shews to what an extant liquors were formerly sold inside tlm oapitol Last spring, at the cud ot th, -ssiei,. while the czcile ment over tho Electoral rount vaa great. I am told the bat receipts tha "Con gressional" were over four hundred dol lars per day for six weeks A great maov people are anxious that the “Moffet punch,’ which lias Loon in use in Vir ginia, of lute,-should be ad pled in this District. The seller of liquor by the glass is, bilged to turn a wheel, the wheel ringing a bell, every time “a drink’’ is sold, and to pay to the Sta'e a fixed sum for every such sale. The receipts of the State of Virginia from this source are at the i ate of half a million dollars per annum; This reminds me that Murphy yester day spoke to ten thousand people, on the subject of temperance, from the capital stjjps. lit Sus the largest meetings that ever assejrfJcd in Washington, yet other meetings oTtne same character, but con trolled by temperance meu who do not like all of Murphy’s methods, are largely attended at the same time. Ffminole. V . , are many tilings a man can run away from —an impending suit, his credi tors, bis family, hisdut.es. But no mau auueeeocd in ruonkg auy trout ,L|uAeU JAPANESE MONET. One of the greatest curiosities In Japan to the stranger is t: wonder ful variety of coins that are used daily. In some Instances it takes one thou sand pieces to make out- doll ir. These sre called “cash,” and are sel lout re ceived by foreigners, .o, ns a gen eral rule, refuse to take them in change. Imagine making a trade of five eonts, and giving a man a flfty oent piece, then receiving in change four hundred and fifty of these cop pers. Thl* ootu L* peculiarly made, having a square bole In the centre. They are about the size of our dime pieces and nearly two-thirds the thickness. Next to this comes the quarter of a cent, eight-tenths of s cent, and the one and two-cent pieces. In silver coin* they have the five, ten, twenty, flfty-uent and one-dollar pieces. In gold, the one, two, five, ten and twenty dollars, wuioh are very pretty coinages Indeed. Next to this comes the Government stores of pa per money, in various denominations rangingdrom five cuts toono hundred dollnts. V ■m, c.e> i made on quite inferior paper to ours, and. from gen eral appearance, will not lust like the American money. GERMAN EXCAVATIONS. The success attending the German Excavations at Olympia gives great sat isfaction in Berlin. One after the other the figures formerly adorning the east ern part of the roof, and minutely de scribed by I’ausanias.are being dragged from the bowls of the earth. Nike has been found In tolerable preservation ; the head of Kladeosist here; Myrteilos Is announced, and Zeus just emerging. The undertaking is chiefly due to I’rof. Curthts, who .many years ago Insist ed m>on an exiiedition being sent to the virgin soil of the great Oreclan play ground. Twenty-flve years had to elapse before the wish expressed by the great nrchteologist was fulfilled, but the Interest the Crown Prince showed in the suggestions of his late tutor eventually secured tho execution of the plan. The excavutions are Carried on under the superintendence of Dr. Hirschfeld and Herr Botticher, the one a well known archaeologist, the other a competent engineer. Hep.r Metzoer is of opinion that suc cess in instantaneous photographs depends more upon the excellence of the apparatus and chemicals employed, and rapidity of manipulation, than on the pratiee of any particular theory or pro cess. Of the many descriptions of collo dion best suited for instantaneous photo graphy, a material freshly prepared, to gether with a neutral ten per cent, silver bath, appears to be preferable. For developing he employs the following for mula, adding as much alcohol oa may be necessary to make the solution flow even ly over the plate, namely: Water, one hundred grains; sulphate of iron, five grains; acetic acid, three grains. Hi negatives are intensified with pyrogaUie acid, which is used very carefully in order that the harmony of the pi tores msy not be destroyed. The plate should be exposed as soon as possible after its •lit from the silver bath, and developed immediately after exp<ure. NICK VEKMUS FKKT AND WRISTS. Everyone must remark that a favor ite article of winter clothing for chil dren la a comforter swathed round the neck. This U a great error; the feet and the wrists are the proper mem bers to keep warm; the face and throat will harden into healthy Indif ference to cold; but that muffler, ex changed for an extra jiair of thick socks and knitted gloves, would pre aerve a boy or gill really warm and well. Bronchitis and sore throat have declined fifty per cent, since the ab surd use of high collars and twice round neckerchiefs went out of fash ion , and if the poor would take better care of their children's feet half the Infantile mortality would disappear. It only costs a trifle to put n piece of thick felt or cork into the bottom of a boot or shoe, and the difference is often considerable between that and 4 doctor's bill.with.perhaps, the under taker's beside. TUX FI.ORAL MARVELS. The Horticulturist gives an account of two novelties among flowers, which It Is almost tempted to treat as fables until their variety Is established by personal inspection. Tho following Is the description of them: “One is a black lily in Santa Clara, California, with three large blossoms, each nine inches long, and perfectly black out side tho green petals. The other Is to be seen at Constantinople, nnd de scribed by an eye-witness as belong ing to the narcissus genius of bulb. The flower represents a perfect hum ming-bird. The breast, of a perfect emerald green, is a complete copy of this bird, and the throat, head, beak, and eyes are a perfect imitation. The hinder part of the body and the two outstretched wings are of. a bright rose color, one might almost say flesh colored. These wondrous bulbs should have been sent to the Vienna Exhibition. They will be In abund ance by the time of our Centennial celebration in 1876. And yet they can hardly be greater curiosities than the strange and mysterious “ Sancta Spi rit"" flower from South America, with its life-like representation of doves.” LAMPS n iIUOCT Oil*. It v.’Ul bean old thing *f w some day fill <>ar la mi* with Iron filings Instead of i-ijind n*e with wicks. **3tet. at; csperimen mist in Bor* Mli has s!.<iwii • r.at a brilliant, lasting light may lie obtained by burning iron, lie took a straight bar magnet of some power, and sprinkled iron fil ings on one of its poles. Applying to this the flame of burning gas or spirit, it took lire, and continued to burn for some time as freely as any ordl dmary combustible materials do. The filings arrange themselves in accor dance with magnetic force, and,' how ever closely they may appear to be placed, of course no two of the metal lic filings are parallel, and conse quently a certain amount of air 1j confined as in a metallic sponge. There was such an American offl eial as Fostraaster General as early as 1775. A general order published on the 14th of February of that year is is sued “by command of the Postmaster Geueral.” The order provided that a mail for Now England should leave Philadelphia weekly. Mount Holyoke Seminary is principally devoted to the furnishing of wives for for eign missionaries. It has already furnished 116 of these wives. DISSATISFIED. ! To tMs Editor qf The Gatftlt: I have noticed through the columus of' yonr paper that several parties with whom I aiu well acquainted, left Georgia to make Texas their future homes, a year it s ago, but have satisfied their own fninds that Texas is not what it is repre sented to be. 1 congratulate them upon the wise decision. I tell you, my friends, Tcxx is not a paradise by any means. Old North Gcoigia can’t be bettered much, for, if a man will work, he can always make a good living, and that is haul to do in the “Lone Star State” —as .it is termed—for the iramfis in this ec . tion are always ready and anxiously waiting to devour what few crumbs you may chance to leave on your table. I’ll guarantee fhere is not*a man on terra I firma to day, who Can say he ever saw a tramp in Summerville. Then, rny dear friends, w hat it your jd ea for exchauging Georgia for Texas? The farmers are preparing the soil now to try to make something to eat, as they made a complete failure last year. How can a man make money in Texas farming, when his smokehouse is necessarily obliged to he located in St. Louis, and he can only get from 5 to 6 cents lor cottan, and 50 cents for corn. If you cm manage to get three square meala a day where you are, I would advise you to stay. Just as soon as I can make tuy arrange ments to return, I expect to do so, and locate in Chatt oga county, the land of my birth. Boys and old tner., stay at home. T. B. W. Gregg county, Texas, Feb. 2b 1878. LITTLE CHILDREN. <lt en out of their hearts, and close their doors upon them, have no idea how much ■ouifort they set aside—wbat pleasure, what amusement. Of course the little creatures meddle with things, and leave tho traces of their fingers on the wall, and cry [and “bother" a little; hut, when one get* into the way of it as mothers and other loving relative* do, those things become of minor im portance. Children say such pretty things, and do such funny things, the touch of their lil tic hands is so soft, the scund of their little voices so sweet, their faces are so pretty, their movements so graceful and comical, tho whole family goes baby mad—and it is no wonder. No book was aver written that was half so interring as a little child that is learning to walk and to talk and to think, that is developed from a tiny animal, into a being with a conscience and a heart.— Acanthus. WHAT FI.IKS DO. An English chemist named Emereon publishes in the Scientific American the re sult of bi observation* of die*, with which he has ex[>erimsnted. If what he reports i* truthful there should be more kind hearted Uncle Toby* to acknowledge the debt we owe these little insects. Did yon ever watch a fly who has just alighted after soaring about the room for some little timet He goes through a series of operations which remind you of a cat lick ing herself after a meal, or of a bird plum ing its feathers. First the hind feet are rubbed together, then each hind leg ,is passed over a wing, then the fore legs un dergo a like treatment; and lastly, if you look sharp, you will see the insect carry his proboscis over his legs and about his body as far as he can reach. The minute trunk is perfectly retractile, nnd it termi nates in two large lobes, which you can see spread out when the insects begin a meal on a lump of sugar. Now, the rulv bing together of legs and wings may be a soothing operation, but for what purpose is this carefully going over the body with the trunk, especially when that organ is not fitted for licking, but simply for grasp ing and sucking up food. On placing a fly under the microscope, to the investigator’s disgust, it appeared covered with lira. Mr. Emerson concluded that here was something which at once required looking into. Why were flies lousy! The fly seemed to take his position very coolly, and extending his proboscis, began to sweep it over hia body as if 'he had just alighted. A fiance through the microscope, how ev. r, showed that the operation was not one of self-tieautineatinn, for wherever the lice wore there the trunk went. The lice disappeared into tbe trunk, and the fly was eating them. He took the paper into the kitchen and waved it around, taking care that no flies touched it, went back to the microscope and there found animalcules, the same as on flies. He had now arrived at something definite; the animalcules were floating in the air, and the quick mo tions of the flies gathered them on their bodies, and the flies then went into some quiet corner to have their dainty meal. The investigator goes on describing how he continued the experiment in a variety of localities, and how, in dirty and bad-smell ing quarters, he found the myriads of flies which existed there literally covered with animalcules, while other flies, captured in bed-rooms, or ventilated, clean apartments, were miserably lean and entirely free from their prey. Wherever filth existed, evolving germs which might generate dis ease, there were the flies covering them selves with minute organisms, and greedily devouring the same. : j FOR 18 78. 0 . I BRIGHTER & BETTER f The Gazette is a twenty-four column paper, printed in clear type, and full ta the brim with -in structing, Entertaining and interesting matter, consisting of Politic*, News, Literature, Homer, and gossip of the heme circle. Onr aim is to make the most lively, teadable aad entertaining FAMILY AND NEWS PAPER IV THE STATE. i „ Every department is edited with care, and we give the FRESHEST W IHI HIT. Nothing heavy or dill avei being ad mitted ta our columns. Editorially Tu* Gazett* will ba hort, •harp, crisp and to the point, nets'- promising in attacking the wraug, hut courteous in the disausr-iwu of vexed ques tions. It will b full of Vim. Lightning nuii NfaelneuMi Scntary, and those whe do not like oar style need not swing mi eur gate. <9 Bright, Sparkling and Newty 1 us Gazette will be a vehicle ef pub lic information, that a man who read* it cannot but he fully posted on the doing* of the wicked world—Local, Nations and Foreign. s Onr Loral Reparlnirul will receire special attention, and shall always be full and accurate. “A thcil* amang ye takin cotoe, as faith he 11 prist cm. Our business will he testate facts without fear, favor or nffeetiou; “hew tc the line, let the ehip* fall where th*y T* I E Li A zJETT£I will ask is elbow reoni and pay fee what it does. Ne charities asked or accepted. * Politically Deaiecratic, Na;iaa!ly Con servative, Editorially Indepeudant, nut spoken, aggressive and red hnt, it will he the paper for the people, witheai regard to personal preferences. Terms $1.75 per annum. Advertisements inserted on liberal Unu J. C. Loinis, EDITOR. T. E. CLEMENT, Publisher. SUMMERVILLE, GEORGIA-