Newspaper Page Text
PuLiTJCAL.
Jupen't of the iruerriimriit 'Directors“of th
limit: of the l »S. to the 1’n sulent. relatii
’ tr. the Priniiirg Expenses of that t netltuiici..
To the Prcsijb nt if the I nittd States:
Vim.AjyEi.rtitA, August 19 183.9.
Sir—Wo had tits honor to Receive yourilel-
KT of the 3,i instant directing its to examine
nud report upon tint Expense account of the
Hank of the United States, for the lust two
years. Those of ns to whom it was addressed,
requested the attendance of our colleague,'Mr.
M’Elderry, to assist us in the examination.
On his arrival, we proceeded to invcstigale tfio
various charges, and to look into such • of the
vouchers on which they were founded, as we
had time and opportunity to do. These are
so numerous, and embrace so many small items
of various kinds, that a full'view of them can
only Le given to yon,‘by transmitting copies,
made by some person authorized or requested
hj yon or the Secretary of the Treasury^—
Tito time and labor necessary for this;modo,
wo aid have, prevented our resorting to.it at
present, even had you authorized us to do so,
tor we have believed it would be more consist
ent with your wishes, that we shpuld at once
report the resulrof our own labors, leaving
you to decide, after'you shall have .bcen.Tnrule
acquainted with them. wliether such a more
uilaulc statement of the Exjkt.’sc Account' be
’ ec insite. We may add,'too, that finding the
pm id - of many expenditures yre\fi to be
; • tie kit
Board,
Smith's atid Mr. M’Duffie’s reports, and
Mr. Gallatin’s 'pamphlet; -hut the ..rest, stated
.'Ondrany.that it was made-, under- the rcsolu-
ion of 11 th March, 1831. -There were also
numerous bills and receipts for expenditures
to individuals, among them of Gales Seaton,
.$1,300 for distributing Mr.- Galkrtln’s-pamph-
let; of William Fry for Garden As Thompsoi;,-
$1,675 75 for 5,0.00 copies of General Smith’s
and JMr. M’Dufiie’s reports,-&c.; of Jesse
Harding, $410 for 11,000 extra papers; of the
American Sentinel.$125 74 fur printing, fold-
ine, packingWcL postage* on 3,000 extras'; o'f
William-Fry, $1,830 -27 for upwards of50,000
copies t.l the National Gazette, r .. ! supplt-
ments 'containing addresses to members of
the State Legislatures, review of Mr.. Benton’s
speech, abstracts qf Mr. Gallatin’s articles front
the Anierican" Quarterly Review, and editori
al article on the-Project of a Trea-tlny Bank;
of James Wilson, $1 Jf.47 75 for.25,000 copies
of the reports of Air- M’Ditlfio and Mr. Smith,
and tor 25;G00 copies of the address to mopi-
hers ofiltii State Lrbislatures-, agreefibly t) or
der and letter' fririrr Job n' Seryeant,■ Esq. and
of farcy and L a $2,850 for 10,000 copies or
-Gallatin on Banking', and 2,000 topics of Pro
fessor Tticker’s article. - * *• -•
During the second lialfvearofl831, tho .item
of statfonaryjdud printing v.*as-$13,224 87,. of
which $5,010 wert* paitf on orders o't'j]’* • Pres
ident, and stated eenerally’to he under the tx-s-
olqtio{i of llili-Mar t ch,'1831, anil other sums
wc-re paid tit i' ’dividual*; as ip the previous .‘a,-
niv hv an i:i\ i-t:iti* t. of nlpne% . . ... ,
receipts we tdfcuestqd, at tin* oiountsforprintmgaml dtstribotdocument*.'
■e Cashier nimbi furnish such a l>.,i,t,g the first ii.nl of 1 ^ ■
might ho' susceptible of
s', dement bf th ■
readv ex uiiiiiatioa; but at this request was no!
cots: lied with, we'were 'obliged to depend eh-
Ttr-. iy on our own partial inquiries. These
lac's wc mention, merely lo guard asaim-i my
deficiency you mav ob-orve in our . rejnarks,
and any inaccuraties, should there he such, in
the details which we communicate.
yils tlm Expense Accottnl'emliraces the vari
ous expenditures for salai if s, making.and issu
ing notes, transportation of specie, buildings,
repairs, and taxes on real estate-, 'stationary,
printing and contingencies of all kinds-—it ,1s
necessarily ,,o largo and intricate, that we deem
ed it expedient at present to coniine our inves
ligation to that portion which embraced expen
ditures, calculated to operate on the elections,
as they teemed to be the objects of inquiry
.-•ltirgcstcd by yon. A|j expenditures 'of this
kind, introduced into the Expense Account,
and discovered by us, wc found to be, so far
as regards the institution in this city, embraced
under the head of Stationary and Printing. To
it, therefore, we chiefly directed our inquiries
and an examination off hat item of the account,
tor the last three years, undoubtedly presents
Circumstances which, in our opinion, fully war
rant the belief \ oil have-been led to entertain.
The Expense Account is .made up at the
end of evi-rv six months, and submitted vhb
the vouchers to the Dividend Committee, for
examination. Commencing with the last six
months of tbe war 1829, we find that the sum
paid for Stationary and Printing amounted to
$3,765 94, which \\e presume to ho the neces
sary expense of the institution, under this item,
w hen no extraordinary, disbursements are made.
During the year 1*50, tho expenditures- in-
creasod to $7,131 27 during the first, and 6,950
20 (hiring the last balf year, and.enij-ies are
made in both, of Live sums, m dd-.-> together
jihoni 7,000, paid for printing and distributing
Mr. M’Duffie’s report raid Mr. Gallatin’s pamph
let. These seem to he the commencement of
a system of expenditure which was .the next
year, immi ns, Iy increased., and received the
sanction of the Iloaul, ns appears by the cn-
tri s »n the minutes, and t wo resolutions'passed
at the close of this year and in the succeeding
spring.
On the 30th November, 1S30, if is.slatcd in
the minutes, that “the President submitted to
tiie Board a copy of an anicle.'on Banks and
Currency, just published in the Anierican Quar
terly Itovie W, of this city, containing a favora-
lilc notice of this.institution,and suggested the
expediency <,f making the. views of the author
more extensively kn-.wn to the' public, than
firsy can be by means of the sul-scription list—
wlvfetipon it was, .m motion, ltesulved, TJia.t
the President be nuth'driicil take such meas
ures, iit n gard to the circulation of the con
tents of the said article, either ill whole-or-'ill
part, ns bo may doom most for the interest qf
tiie Bank. On the lltb .March, 1831, it again
appears, by the minutes, tint “the President
Stated to the Board, that in consequence’of the
general desire expressed by the Directors, at
one of their meetings of the last year, subse
quent to the adjourumnt of Congress, and a
verbal understanding with the Board, meas
ures had been taken by him in the course of
that year for furnishing numerous copies of
ilie reports of Gen. Smith and Mr. M’Quflte,
or. the subject of this Bank, and for widely dis
seminating their contents, through the United
.'Males ; .an.l that lie lias since, by virtue of tbo
nuvhorit v given biui by a resolution of ibis Board
on tiie 30th day cf N&vembqj* last, caused a
large edii.hm of Mr. Gallatin’s essay on 'Banks
••ml current? to be published and’cimdatod, in
like manner, a.t the expense-of the Bank. He
suggested, at the ^anie time, the propriety and
expediency of extending, still more widely, a
knowledge of ilie coti'./'nis of this institution,
bv iiieans of thecejiablicjiCiOn of other valua
ble ,.rilus, which had Issued from!lie daily and
p- rio-lica,’ pr. sv—-.vliefeqpoh it tn.\op mtition,
Resolved. That th* President is hcre.V«utli<ir-
... j>. j.svjiared -and mxuiaied,
, >r . ... , ; u?rs as nny conn.tuni-
. ,. t ,. , .. ... j-t.-na at. .r. in regard to the
uaf.i: • v... -I the Bank.”
In purse.June, it is pres w.ed, of- tlifse rea-
oiutlons, the item of stattouary atv.l priming was
increased, during the first half of dim year 1' 27,
to the eeorm • siivn ol $29,079 92, exceeding
that of t:. - . .vviotts half year by $23,001*, and
exceeding the se> li-iii.unal expenditure of 1829
itpiv-ards of $26,0:n). The Expense Account
•itself, hs made up in the book which-tv*ns sttb-
liiiite-i io us, contained very little infcrniatiofi
relative to the particulars of tills i xpeialittire,
.in I we weru bbhgud, ill order to obtain ibem,
to r. - io t ti» au insoectiou of the vouchers. A-
moiig qtlier sums was one of $7,891, stated to
be p-iid" on orders of the President, under the
.11 saimioil of 11th March, J831, and the orders
them'.dves were the only vouchers of the r-x-
].( mliutro which we found on file—some of the
orders, to ihe amount of abdlit $1 >'JK* .stated
tha; *'•« eve'll Bturc wn* fur distributing Geu-
of stationary and Printing was 12,16-1 ,-f
vviiicii 5,61’,* ;tr,.-spited to ia\-y-<r, ; i c-n
* rders i.i ti.e President, end, r t! e r. 'uh-t-.ui of
11th March, 1831. There area so various in
dividual payments, of which we ur-tici 9 1(:6 28
to Ilunt, Tr, u! iff A:. Ce. fur 1.666 r. ; ( e' ,.
review ei'Mi. Iir11nVsj4^ech;200:4bj**
copiei oftlie 8a:urdey Ceurli i ; 1,176 !.> Gales
vN. 8<-atun for 26.i iat < -i . t' “a •• :-'.!i t
eoiicernipjf-the Bank?’* and 6000-crpi(*s j>f the
minbfitjireport l'i'iativeto tha Bank^ ntul 1,
bOu to>I,iu!i( w St;Glair Clarkp f*»r'.“3p0-cop
ies of Clarke. A: Hall’s bank book. 3 ’
Darin:; the last half year of*IS52. tl •• i‘ee:
stationary and priming, t to 2;i," ‘3 72, <>*
vvtiicli 6.3.50 a re stated to-have Tjct-i> :
. fTItese, sir, are the jdecu^is^aqces attending
the best examination vve havr. b'eentil:lo ; to ma^c,
inTegard-fo the M ot»;rs rt'furrftil to its,by your
letter ol tite.^dinsJaiiU ; fjliburl'tlicy nor jlrot’fc
stiiliciently miiutTeJ.oc O'irj-.sparfstiHicienthgex-
of ihe At
ilt relation
to the removal of settler* from the lands lately
ceded by the Creek Indians to the United States.
As yet, we are not apprised that auy intelligence
to continue his riertions for the promotion^ of "of }Vaf. together with the opinion of
said objects.” 1 , tov'nev General cf the United States, i
Viewing this asindicatinganintention (wlijch
was indeed avovvetl) to continue, and even ex
tend, the system dl la visit expenditure,'and to
authorize disbursements, the particulars of
which could not be clearly ascertained; either
by the board dr their constituents. A^d re
garding it also as evincing a desire to' encounter
our remonstrances, against the continuation qf
•such a system', by a' reference to the persona!
character and rnotiVeVqf the President of the
'Institution (which were not drown la to discus
sion or question by us) yve offered, as- mi a-
mfn'dnient; tl:e follovring resolnttoils: “Re
solved, that w iiile.tiiis hoard repose-entire con
fidence in ‘l.e.itrti-grity of the . President, they
respectfully request him to cause the particulars
of-tho expenditures,<nade-und(w the resolutions
o'f SCfcbTsuvembe'rjlHSO, and l.lih March,.1^81,-
to hu so stated, jh'at'tbe sartiQ. ty.av be readily
submitted to ai;d"oxaminf<\. Jiyg ‘the ljeard C.f-
Ditxctors ntuT U:e. Stockfiolders.—Resolved,
that the sard resolutions he rescinded,"and no
fuOher e-xpondhitTVSbo-made uiider the saiitc.T
This anieccifccrX.mel whit thq same fate as
Bps Been received at the Executive Dvpartmsut
of this State, upon the subject. A reply to the
letter which was addressed lo the \\ ar Dypnrt-
meiif by Governor Gayle, WilL no doubt.be re
ceived in a few days.
5Ye are indebted- to tbe Agent oftlie- Marshal
of.this District for the following letter of iiistrii'c-
tions frotn'tho Secretary of War, aud'th'J opinion
of the'Attorney General.'Of tbe United.States', on
the-questions growing out,of.the con'dlu t of in
truders upon the (.’rook fndiair Lauds'.in tills
8t:.»e. \\ e hasten t-> lay them beforo our rt-ad-
ers - .— yjokilfCi m- Reg.
Dei'Anv.ii >:t or War.
• r •'* ♦' , * Vi /tyv*' Ajjgu«t 26^1833^
jSir.'—fhaye received frqjrt Mr.Austin, reports
of. bis procci ding hi carrying i:i‘u <!b • t the iu-
sn-uettohief -tiiis _l>epariincut, for rc-iiiovu'g Sn-
truders from thwtrac? of country .cedetl to jjre F-
niuaTrftates by tyyoftjopk l^ldiabs^ JlaifB 24tK,
j8,32.-r1 Jiigret to see the (iDficulties ho-'has hail
of sucT: pernVissiou-s arc intruders en the lands of! and by persuasions or threats
the I nitcd States.
The question is, can the United States use the
ilitiirv forro to remove them ? 1 be language
military force to remove them ? 1 be
of tbo act of Mareli 3, 1807, is too plain to be mis
taken. It gives tbe 1‘resideut by express words,
the power “to' employ such
may .think necessary and proper
sons who mav intrude upon “any lands ceiled or
secured tc the United States by tiny treaty made
with a foreign nation, and by a cession frotn any
state to the United States ?
Tlfe reason Joropufining the act i f f'ongrcss to
I'casious of this description, is sutl’cientlv ob\ ic us.
All i.f the !a:‘-,c am! unsettled tracts or country
-which belong to iji.e Unkod j$tales \^re acquired
eitbi r by treaty with foreign 'nations, nr by cessiou
dit1gl-uee,wbich tbo' Goyerumetit has granted tu
tlio sttllcrs, sliottld' lie considered .as -conferring
Upon tbeni’pdsinve rights. . '- •*■
That the Indians have boen sefiously injured,
tjicre iati bn noiftdiU. aud a|, I’rtlio that it is the
duty.iif tbjfVuite<l Estates, Jatiliruily to oai-py into
elfei-t the'treaty .whiolslias bt-ctl formed. I cau-
U’.u bill i'l.'pc th :• every i itiu-n of A i.'.bauia, will
.appreciate the.obligations which havqheen iiicur-
—i .v.-_ ••*-«-» act tending to vio-
Mr. Austill,
granted to
jo the Iu-
ioith -PvB«Xfiva^ t ,“-
•: - m -KLDLiiaY.y
oftlie Veto; -l,i<)6 13 |«i Wijljatn^. Fry-,-.-.fqA
63,000 copies of Air. Webster's spUe.clj, Mr»
Adams’and Mr. APD&ffit’s reports, awk tltfc
majority and mihority re;u : 295 f->r 20
extrasof“th<; Protector,” < i- itig Hank Dec
i-'s Mf 'A A < •*. .
i? . . From, the ! Teg of the -i -niem.
! j-Tlic-follow ittg-is a copy .ofdjicNeltyr addressed
hy Gi<vercoc.'5taGe" Id. iho.Srctefary iif -\Vac7 i(-
reliniiin to' life bilUiig of 11, tDycns', -1#^ a Uni
tc-d Snctcsf-.sWithi-c^ 7.>I»-hinig a matter of *|<uhli<
motni-ur.^vc solicited sir copy
some of the C'feeks,
“ liavq 'riiatlc great
olwce'tfbtis-to any arrhngcmcut allowing settlers
tf-reiuai.it tfpbir* th4 laud.—.'Under these circuin-
s t uti *■ ev t i > el ’ re i id e n 13 0 r c c t s that so-far as j-er-
Spits’now in the ceded Territory, have -conduct
ed 5:1 cbufontiity With the views taken in thy let-
tel- to- Mcsys. iU'Coy, Glay and ill ardis inclosed
tb-yoq DccejnSkr Hlti, J? : -ni vnd have beeu per-
mit'id b\ II:-. 1*> pltiy \lai.-bal h> remaii. until t .!■
l«iie, 'tliityDify; 1lr4 aliotved to ’
public
of she letter far
wiiieli OjoOU nre.stated tontave bci-ii p.*wu- i.t^ '.^Ulication:V
'the r««olud6h* • 5 o- / •.) k.^iikciiTtv^-'Dr.^ir.TMKST; J#.-*- •
-Ate! Wf J-pccji. -;:">»• TusdivlcVsa v L(iib A tigUst;'1833. ’ C . *'
fi-.-d cbargi-s *'*" i *■ i '" i
rAu ntjcuipt bylthe Depngv .Marsjiul of
' ijje5*«fd lierw- District qf .A I ■ ibpn:«,'to retmivc an
individual by.the liamenf OTfcns, fr<iin-prtuiijses,
dlctttbo' .beiuhg t« at iudiauf*Iptsvesuhed- iir
tfi6.deahi^qfjhe suppusctl tfospasSin>-- A detach-:
mci:t-bf ihe llttiteil-Stalos-tfobncrs, on ihe rcqtiis-
thafp'criod, you'will rcquire tlann without delay
to icq wye hcyuud* tjie coded T c-rritcry. It is iii-
tcrly iqexpedient.-wttb the experience which lias
befilt liati on .this.'subject^'au l- the evils' that are
threateuciV longer- to contiinVe' the indulgence
.befetofqre granted. All oilier white persvnsJiv-
ing tipoi'CtlKise lands,-and ncq coming within tbe
above ifesciiNitiliY-ffDfb^rcmftv^d.'tulbbi:t i!ls-
lincf|bji.th'd
and Mr Adams’ r.-port; 1.-512 75 ti- Mi.( '!:u!-.,
for printing Mr. \\b-Ijsti r-’s*speccJ> and articles
on the-Veto; and 2,422 65 to Xa han Ila'e lor
52,500 copies of.Mr. Wt-L.-ier's >j.< eqfit'- Tlidro-
is also u charge-of 5.040, n»id bit oiderVdfthe
President,-slating that it is (iffi: rx^iefiscs *iy.
measttres fqr protectinc the Batik, against a run
od'the Western Branches. ^ -
PIP ug>f Q weiis.' has ti-i'-It-ti) *an cxcitenieut
that if uol quietPiT, xvi’L'leail to exces'scj, equally
tiiqilcaseni to tbo General Goveriiineut, and to.
the^authorities of this Sjate.*. r
''•Itisnirt tny pqfpustr totfiow tint the conduct
of tbo .Marshal was iuiiiVqpsr, or Mini an olTeifcc
bjish^'U-comihltted'against our laws; **u't tb re-,
quest that the government' refer this complaints
oftlie Indians "to a trib tiL'd lgss objectionable than
that of tiie Marshal .with at>. annfcd -soldiery.
on orders cf (lie President, under the tesolu-
tjian^ff JHth There, i.s also a
charge of Mt-ssr.--. (iale.s 6c 8. .:->n of s.- '0,
for*printing*tllp~yepflft'oijlS£.'Ex(JiaitEo Cqm-
mijti^.'. - -i' ^ .7 *.’ -‘ . 7■ .-. " -
madp tbld’dxanVtnat pin *pf the Fx-*
pniM'^iBewt|Are«^i^Pl only, struck with
tin- large sum tliat had ! a-n tintter'
the head cf stati-r.ary a;.; 1 . ; riatinsf in the two
Vlyiat * evi-
ilem necessity there was that tjic accounts should:
be’so stan d, as to i-aahlu the Directors and
.Stockholders to ascertain the pntlieul-V sums
of money paid, the qua:.tity ;;i:d names ol the
documents furnished, and the .expenses jof"dis
tribution and postages. With this object we
stated, at the last meeting of tbe B. ard, the
result of our cjcamTnatton oCtfid Exjietisc' Ac-*
count, and sjpmlfiSjwAbjhijrttig*resohitioqsi
' “Whereas, it. appears by ihe Expense Ac
counts, oftlie -Bank for the years *1§31 and
IS32,’that upwards oUelghty thoqsiuid^dollar's
were'expended and charged nndcr-the head of
Stkticmary and Printing during*that period—
that a larg'e-proportion of this w.is paid to the
proprietors xjf newspaper arid periodical* jour
nals, and for the printing,'distribution and post
age of immense, numjjors i>f.'pamphlets and
newspapers 1 —-and.that -about twenty*. tleKtsand
dollars was expend, d, under li->* resnlutions
oCSOth November; 1830, nn.tMTili March, 1§31,
without any accottnr of the-mann-' r in which,
outlie persons to whom the same -were dis
bursed. And.whereat it is expedient and prop
er, that-the particulars'of an*-expenditure, . so
hrrgey and unusual, .which can now he -ascer
tained oqjy by tho exdniintrtion of numerous.
.kilis*and rdceipisrslfqulil be so Stated as to he
readily submitted to and examined by the
Board of Directors nud the Stockholders.-—
Therefore, Resolved, Tint tho .Cashier fur
nish to the Board, at as early a day as possi
ble, a full and'particular statemeiH'of all these
expenditures, designating the sums of money,
paid to eacli person, the quantity and names
■of the documents printed by him, and his char
ges for-ihe distribution ’ and postage of fbe
same; together with h, full a - statement, as
mnv !•:• tl-e opi-ndituia-s on orders, under
.;i!c.reso"fhlitm of 30ih Nov-mler; 3830, and
March, 1831. .That jve ascertain tvlfethcr » x-
'lendiiures of tin; - same character have bee-i
maJc'at any-of the offices, a nil; if so, prorure
sitniJ^f tftat cm en Uglier oofy with the huthority
on wliicii Jhey were fnade. That the said
resolutions-bq. rescinded, and no further cx-
.penditttres made .under the same.'”
These resolutions were poslpojfbd on tia
motion of one of the dir.wlprs. for the purpose
of introducing a substitute for them, by the vote, j
• fail present, ex./pt, out selves’ and otic other
member of the Board. The jesulutien 'sub- .
otituted was ns fe-Hows: “Resolved, that.the
lmtird have'’ conftdcr.re in the wisdom and in- j
tegrit v of the President, and in the propriety !
oftlie resolutions of tl.-: 80th November.. 1836, j
and 11th March, 1831 r and entertKin a full :
conviction of the Jiecessity of a ••'-(tewed at I
tioii" to the oliject of those resolutions * and
that the President be authorised and requested
complete. efleCt'and pperatioii to 'oUr laws. : ft
was understood thuttm objection wouldl>9'rai-‘-
cd hy '-the. ^ovemnn-tu to -its settlement by* the
wliito pet?pie, provided they abstaindu froiu-.in-
frtt'dink.upon theTcservaiiuti^«cTtiri-d-lo'dic.-In
dians bv -tire Irjjaty of ibo24th <1? Mitreh,'”1332.
The fifth'article Of fh#t trer.jy’, by cuKviiMis'*con-'
structioii, pefmi|s TetiIe.aents. tqioff ahy of the
laiijls ceded; except nTcrviitii-iis ‘ViftdD&e'Nppi
And it -.vas enly on lands
unj.evH couljl arise from
suiV-cicrit.inipo'rt-
-'.visable to use the
Jhitfidriscil t*\ tbe
from imo efthd Eitatcs.
of tliat description.- thru
intrusion mid settlements,
.mice to tho public to make it
summary anil forcible remedy
act of Congsess. • The lands on which .these in-
trusiotisliavi: been made, are cAriaVuiy embraced
hurli by til3 Words cud the. spirit and the object
of-ibela-.v. For it was ceiled to the United States
by tbe fc'tate of Georgia and is a portion of* tbe
unsettled conntry which the'act of 1307 was ile-
stguctl to protect.
Tile .words of the* law b‘ciiig*p' : iin, au:l cle u. !y
embracing in its provision-- the lands in question,
•wliat 1-gal objectiou tan 6 1 re 11 it- i’.s j »crf -f t
and faithful execution ?—Had not Congress the
power to'pass such a law
It is .true that these Iftnils lie in tbo State of
Alabauln, atnbt.fiat Stale h’.u extended its. laws,
titid jurisdiction of its tribunals overi'-tlie whole
’. rri* -ry iiii-itaied ny i's lhi.iu —Bit: that i-'evam
stance cannot render this act of Congress tinooii-
sfitutiou'al and inoperative in that State. .For
the act of Congress produces 110 conflict, of juris
diction or sovereignty with the State of Alabam
•It purposes To defend tlm possession oT the United
Stares against wrong doers ■ who without, any
jiretcnce jif title, aud ju open violation of_tlu-
•tiglits ot tlio Uuited States, intrude, upon tbe
public prbpcrty,.a:'."I appropriate it 10. their own
use. • A‘t:il if -liiic is«iiy tot flii-t.it is only with
persons of this descrijnioii. atul not with the.
.Stale of Alabama: or the proper authorities- of
that State.* * . ' . *
The power of Goiigress to pass this law has 1
believe, long been regulated as a settled point,
and tliigo’yerntnctii- have acted upon it accord
ing I y*-
prevailed with me to acknowledge mi- a'- 1100
val of the Nullifying procu dings of Can^ 0 *
contrary to the opinions 1 bail heretofme'
pressed. Now sir, permit me to assure
litaVv lone as he on the most sacred pledge, that the w | !() | e ) '"‘.
r," to remove per-1 this statement is a deliberate and wilful f d ] °
hood. iK ~
1 heard that there was on the nitrln | H .p
commencement at the house of Gen, 11,pf 2
in Athens, a Caucus nr consultation of | tQ
men who cal. tliemsi-lves Nulllfirrs ; bui l” '
neithot* at, nor itiyited to be at the meeti"^ 5
nor did any communication on an\ sul '-
whatever, pass between them and nnsi'li T
say now'no man or body of men up to ■
j moment has ever ventured to propose t 0 r !-.
j tiie- terms on wliirh l might have ld s 0 r p a
support, except old Guieu of the CoustitutiV-1
1 a list, and perhaps one or two other imped," t
j fellows who itojfpeu just now to have t-Lar.-e c
1 papers ; all those have been treated as
.Wliorter’s insolence was with the center-,
tubus silence they deserved. The asseml!-' ■•
Nulfifiers did, 1 am told, agree to support mV cl
lection unanimously, not because 1 approve 1! G
proceedings of Carolina, for many of them lp i
about the.samo objections to it that 1 Bad 1 •*
becaus' Between them arid myself on tin r (si
eral Theory tf State flights there was km
to be a perfect hariubny of sen?} mnnt. V.'k'V
however*! have ever believed that C*ro!ic;
had run into, gh unfurtuiiate error, one :
which I Coulu nut support her, it appeared to
be absolute madness in nnv Georgian tor,.,
sure her, or take sides against l» r. Her ca
was our cause—sd ewas.stnicg’.'i.a'- ;o-ait.,-
lejririiatc and ruinous taxation—a TariiTo#
which Georgia-during th.e same summer, U4
bestowed ten thouaaud curst—and i! Care:’,
na hi>d -been lucky eno i^i, to have Ln’licd
Congress off the gia nod .it teek in 1828 in de-
6me, that they 'Srfe afiovved to -cotltiauc tni ; . ^{q,avetimv beforfc*nie tivo opiuiojis -gifeh in
njoltyeii; .still yefraitiihg frprn itymong the In- tbe year 1821, !>v one of hiy'predecessors' in this
matt-T. tuttil their *crips ar-q- gatliercd, stliil after oflico. Ono of tire opitiion-s being-hi relation to
tho public lands in.the 8tauj of Illinois, aud tbe
other in iMississippj, ami iu both these cases the
right of the United States to execute the „*law. is
tliuijmil a i.opy ofit.ihut ynn may Jiivc it gcuom
aUpnblia.ity imonler .’.\ll3.t all persons', iutercstey-
nuiUsgQ.lio\y iiiifouinleit l^' any .claim to hold pOs- ,y! 1 c
sesB+tUt^ortbis lain!, or legally lo resist the instrue- 0 i
tious. of the Goverripi.ent fur the removal of the
ititriia^r>'. ’tv^*r4»n§bwS^tt»:wbiilbh thijb-l-b‘a7b^tcert:^Urrbased- from hidividujls \\i4l
pinion, togctiuji- with sui !i ] oi:i(.u i f your in- ;,nv cession of >111 isdimiojj fii»:n the riratr
•sti'uclioris as you may think necessary in such
Newspapers in Alabama,' a$ you may think best
Calculated to g’rV6 general,information.
;\V|*ilc die Government have :t solemn duty to
perform io wards tjje fttlliaa’s,' wliiph ■ they cannot
aiid'willnot iiegfect. ihey a’rc still aiixiims tliat jt
should be perfnrn5gll \\it!i asj little injury to ovtv
citiidns * as possible. You wilhakfe cure ihcrctorb
invited nS tiiidoubted—and in this very V-userthe
treaty .with the Creek Indians pledges the United
States to act upon the law in the removal of ifttru-’
ilers.-aiid the' Senate Jiy ratifying the treaty have
shown, that in the judgment of that body,- t here!
was no'constitutional' objection to .the c§en ise.of
tin power-' Indeed it can fiardly be' supposed
Tjy’anyotte, tliat tho'Utiited States, have tfic same
rigGt that au individual -possesses to defend their
•lawful possessions, by force, against ;r trespasser.
Musl.lk'ey surrender iqi-to.tlic' p-ttblie property
bniicver lawli ss - viuldjice aitenipts'to seize up-
nit? .6othi» of the Fort?, -Arsenals and Ligbt-
itqtiscs, are l mnlcrstaitcl, upon lauds, which have
frrhaseil- from individuals v. itiiout
of. jurisdiction fiund .the 8;ate in
w'bn.di ’they lie. It cannot lie imagined that the
(hiitl-Il States are hound to stand idle-and'see
their possessions wrested, from - them—-'and then-
6e put trt.their action of ejectfnent to regain, pos-
sc^iion of tlieir Forts, Arsenals, aud Light-nous**
cs,.*or Uouutl to resorf tif a replevin to recover the
flnhric turms-nnd acqoutreineuts, or aa action of
trover to .obtain compensation in damages for
.their.loss—iueh a protiositioii would strike cvc :
fy onp..ns utterly uuttuablc. Yet it would be
quite as unreasonable ‘.o require them to sufi’er
withonC resistance, the - mo^st valuable-bodies
of vttcauf land, .which* they* In Id in didefejit
States, to bc-ovcy rnn. and seized oil T»y fattlpf
intruders, and.put the. United - Sates, to tbe f:o-
cessity of resorting to acriousof ejectment or -bik
er legal jiroceediugs against each separate ittilT-
viiht:rl iti order Io regiyu the possession. ,Tln
refuse tu letnnve am-.-eal-.ly _l-> \1.11r r.-qii;,-i',i.>u_, pubiie it,an:a’:i: would lie of no value, or worse
ilei's from the ceded Territory.
* You will tran-nnit without delay loth - District
Attorney of die 80*11 hern district of Alabama,
tho unities of all persons who hereafter intrude
upon, or witu live n.ivv upon tiie ceded hunt, am!
together with the names of the witnesses who
can prove the necessary facts, ami the Distrht
.Attorney has been io-, true fed'to Jconmieuce an
try isVurvej-edratul.tlti'rselecrtdns made.” ’1 he j lmil edi ite p^seeuuon against all >uch persons.—
Indians -iherefere-cartniit* flf*ort ;\o’■-thesffj »ott!qj j This measure is eonsid'm-tf so important to the
1 lay it ile v- n ns n 1-1 rrer; pr r.nn, t iiat ..... .v. . .... ej.-en to prevent 1110 sale 01 wnisKiV up an : lie
UK government h :: dwpoM ,1 its iands. all di:- j 1 :.- t . v k | n 'nd.s-. stating that practice prevails *0 a
P'ltes ami enn'rov er- r •!-.:.a tu their tide,. rt<? KrcJU c: -renr. to the alter ruin of the Indians.—
•he light. oFUietr . piiss-.-jjsiptj,- arc ' referrJ.lc only j|„ W ever u*efui sttclt a measure might be, ’it is
given to pi'evc'nt ifie salt: of '.vhiski y
to- juqfti<>Ljrihtiim)»(SfVho country,'*-k)0|o
deeta ihBec«<Sapr^*fHiVever..to d?»rt: - iki.- j•?■ i;>t
at presebt. jdlyhwf iiit .J, doAtpeu
ol li.e l’ivsiiient. eaus-- *,!;•• 1.e::t\ io ! r ivnaiei!
into cllect by sudb means otifyVriS Tyre cfea’tjyan-
thorised by tho GinistitutmniiiuTlaw's.. Eiicotir-
tiged-by tlio' treaty,- by tbo.layvs of;!ta- State, "and
by tfie expressed .permission of the govcrtj'nciit,
to settle upon gud oecuny'jltesc lantls,- a popula
tion lias.moved upon- them, -'jeqimllj resjx-etable
tv it It tha t of other sactiopiTbf
which, in*point of uumlTcrs, t!:e,lJuUaus bear but
a noan propoiiion. Jtb th^itf*prescnl
they eannot be ltgarilul ;-s a l i-il.e! tribe; fer
- stii-h lie y b ivi- dis • j-.j-.i an d, ami hi en leg’ in
the large eonimiiiiity’ iiow ii^ jjtissesSion of their
iucient birtli-riglit. They arc permitted-ity the
treaty <0 sell their, reservations,..with the.*app'ro'-T
hatiou.of thb.l’Vesideut. aniLit is-rjuite uottn-hniir
rliat m'nny of :hcat likvo sohl and. otherwise 'dis
posed of them. They have entered into con
tracts with their white neighbors, as.well in rela
tion to other matters as their lands; and upon
enquiry it w ill be fotiud.-tbat in many iustaitces
their dissatisfaction and complaints, arise out.of
these contnicts, fn thr-o casrs it will not be nre-
ceiidcd^tbnt auy autlanity can be conferred 011
the -Marshal to intcrAxc. 'fbey fonn.'tbe proper,
objects of jadirial investigation and courts are
competent, a ink a l all, times open to decide them'.
By tiio laws of tt]is;’8t:itc, wlicrievcrnti individual
js entitled .to the possession, qf kftnfs, lie can, by
:: summary proeceiling.-lieforC a Justice of the
I’cacc, exjn 1 an iittcader er trespasser within a
f*w days. I transmit to you bori-with, our stat-
utixon this subjedt.. Ilhas.for many vents (men
ia rnree, aud li >s fully ’qgcompiisited the jntrpo-
•esfor wlm li it wa§ micuiird. -*
’ Whatever miiy be-the optinah-of the Pre* ulont
as to the powers t.-f the govertyueiu to eject intru
ders by force, without the forms iif laiv.-.l ain
persuaded, that tinder existing ciremrir-tanres, lie
will couctirin the opii.iou that thi^law Av'ill be c-
qtiallv eflgeiual, aud llial |ht .Marshal at tlid Hoad
th^itf'fwesrril sidititm<> eiy rc-,pi ;-ifully, ! am sir.
'■ XAir obetlit ut servant,
i.icwis Gas
ROEKr.T (Tawfoko, Esq.
. nlacsiidl <if tlie .S.'lL : A. Mobile.-
not consi-.leicd competent fay tile executive to di
rect it. Tlio only power vested in tke President
is to 'remove* ilii- iutnnlcrs liom the public lands,
i’ln- 8tato of Alaltanfet lias jurisdiction over that
di-triei,of country, and her Legi-la»u>-c c;:n only
provide a remedy for this, evil, and her codes of
justice enforce it.
f havoTraushiiuetl to Mr. Austill a copy of this
-IflltiBifc Vltiff- *
■ lnsiructions have befcii given to add another
< .'o'Opany to the force now cu ployed iu this du-
tbiiu to value if such a uortriue. could be mtiiu-
taiued—k is clear that a private individual may
•leftnd the. possession of liis .property 'against a
wrong 'doer-vvlitr a'ttcmpts'to deprive him-, of it.
«udIm'ay-..KwfuUy 'ftse auy force necessary" for
that |)Ui!po?c. • ■ 7^.J*_- *,*■ r*. [- >,r.
Tliere can be mi reason why a go-, rrement
bolding j.'ropSrtV should be denied thq same right
» —Ami the aet of March 8d, 1867. docs no more
•n tbo 3 provide ike means nce< ssnry :o *!« fend the
"’ ” pissesion i.f-tiifi public preperty and attiliorisis
the President to use tliem— - •' ‘
The fact tb.it these intruders ate now-oh the
lnuds-aiid-iuiYe been for s.ornfi tims quiutff :4ter
tho^qucstion 'J ho Unitad.^titles.- have never
abandoned their possesion—atuT. the. inlritil. rs*
have never aequlvetl a law fu'k possession ;q;ijnst
them—they were rwere trespassers froiri*. tiles be
ginning and coutiiine' so to -the present’-time,
arid have no bettcr iight now., than they hail at
the first moment they entered- The lawful pos-
serison is still In tiie Unite.d States, may itt my
opinion Jfe, defended against siteh trespassers ac-
j- cording to' the directions of tjtc. tied of 1307 by
the removal of tlie intruders by military force.
-The papers are herewith returned—■
t, r* -. ■ T. &c.'
(Signed) R. B. TANEY.
To tbe Hvfn. ti:c Secretary of War.
*(COfY.)
.1 Homey G'r.crnl's.Ojfro, dug
fence of the -Fi-k-ra! (’onstitulii.n, v . •.!
have ctfjoyc.ii all the benefits of ihe adtiet*'-
flienl. - J ’did sincerely lu>]>e that Carolina
w'ou.ld thus bully the .Comrressj but it was ra
ther hope 'than expectation ; for 1 never had
confidence in the exp; riim iu.
.Perhaps! ought to ■‘apologise for treubfr*
you with this lette% l;ut.t'nr i!:e panicularr.--
qiicst of- an. old .acquaintance and frier.,!
■yotirs in litis -county it is pvokubSe would 1. -.
J)#vo*bfjn '.vrimup. 1
Make of it suclruse as you pi. ase, except
■ to print iu 1 -’have a ion of. hqtTor of priifleit
.and-printers’ devils*, and wish them to get
hqid.of ns lktle of nty writing ns possible.
Ver v .ros; m'c l ft 1 j Iy.
5’ou'f obedient S'rvau*.
.T. i HAWFORD.
Jesse IT . Origg. Kse;. ( 'Union, (tc.
^Berhaps thc Al iiur is :tfr:>id of being ex
posed in his ' inroiisistenc.ies, wbicli we ehrilt
are sure to do.-—ij/fi r’s /)■ rits
At ut.
, V >V ’’ r!:
A Vw m’ni te c . after
fcig, our citizen# weft
;ta. Oct
:!
o’clock y
tanned I
1!32.
c;-tr rd
y tr.ersi-
trv w
We bad intended to ptibli-Ii to day tlio Treaty
which was made'henvcen the-UuifbiljBQttei and |
tlio' Greek Indians,. on tin 21th .March.
but upon examination wc find there is only nrie ’
c^- -y • . .1 • .. -..-i out e.’uon examimuiou wc 11110 nit ro is omy one
, tn 11 . uswer n i .e tmpn } to. • j article in the treaty, which relates to intruders,
•our letter of August '0,.r have the htmor to state l on (£e ^ uds ^ Je de j, w hich is in the-folio jvior
yoitr letter of August v,. ....... - — .
tliat ia tny opinion die Presid.-rii may • lawfully .
directtlic .Marshall of tli.e District, aud employ “ArViCLr V
sut-h 'military forco.'as be may -judge #erts»fy
and proper, to remove futroller* frotn tlio lands
iit Alabama, ceded -by the Greek Indians to the
Uuited States, by treaty of the 24lb March, 1632.
TTic treaty with the Creek Indians provides
ol a band- of m nu-d soldiers, in the boson: of a
peaceable,..orderly'-aud’ quiet community, cannot
and ought nc.t to no permitted to ccttlo qUc-tious,
that nreiu llieireharacU’c strictly aud propbrly le-
|«b .-. * . •>' ■ 4 ^
W161 distiugui-iied cor.-idccamin.
1 have die honor to be, Sir, Your tjh’t serv’t ,
JOHN GAYLE,
Hou. I.kwis Cass, Secretary of W.ur-
• Skttlkt-.h vrox the Cukkk ixtuaX lands
oupKi.F.i) vo rt: klmovkd.—We iiM-tf it *-> la\ be-‘
- (ore ocr reach is tbe totnniutiieation which will
I.e fount! bi-low, addref-ed to the Marshall of tlie
that a survey shall be made of the land ceded to
llte United States, mid after tbe survey is comple-
tri.il, certain figbtf of selection are reserved to
tile principal chiefs and beads of.lami- “.T- fQ u surveyed
lies. I be survey is not yet completed, and con- - J J
sequcutly no selections made. The fikli article 1
of tint .treaty provides’ “T-iiut.all intruders upon J
the country thereby ceded shall be removed !
‘therefrom, iu that same manner ns intruders may ]
be removed by law from oilier public lands, until j
the country is surveyed aud the scfcectious made ”
Tho white men who have entered upon this . _ _ .
laud are unquestionably intruders, within tiie LtCllCY Jt Q7tl JflftJ
tne{fhuie* pi this !a-.v. The Rinds belong to the j
United States, and l*Ie Chiefs of the Creek nation )
eonld'ndt give permission to any w hite men to
settle on tlicni,-.w-itbi)c.i dip consent oftlie United
States. J?lit tho Chiefs, it appears, have given
to them no such, permission, and desire their re
moval; and.tlip only excuse alleged forihc.in-
ti ttsioits is tbs’d’fecnce of individual Indians, in
OjYpo.sifion to tin? wishes of tho Chiefs. U can
scarcely ho eonteuded ituit a permission from ■<ncli
fn-rsoiis can give n color of jnstifn aiion. As the
title now stands; any permission from the Indian
<'blefs,. or from individual Indians to whites diet)
to settle 011 tiie labels of the United States, inu-l
be utterly- ubg iio -v and void—And the trie.? w'1«r
\ll.intruders tipon the conn-
try hcithy ceded shall bo removed 1 herefrom in
the samo manner as intruders may be removed
by law front other public lam! ufttH the country
is surveyed,'and tile selections made; excepting
however from tiii provision tllp. o. white persons
*.vho have made tlieirown itnproverttcnts aud not
expelled the Creeks from theirs. Surlt persons
FIrk! The Hren-.-oyed to be iu :he l.-u-ge tv",
story w'boden dwadtii'E house, oq the rorih > •-
o Heyiiol.l street, owned by the Rev. \‘? i :
•IMbdcrwcl, aii;l re'eenBy-oefcupiod by Mr. J- s
Goskery. \Vhen the fire was'<!iscoyerccR ii tta
breaking through tbe^re of at the back end; tsk
was wirirotU doubt, cnnimmih-ntfd by an incn
ary.- (Xort# to save the bttlldiue were cVuasd
vain.aud th -.attemtii iioffire n e , apd eitizci>r-«
soon directed .to other pointThe atijom.eg
buildings wore of wood.and chief,' occnpivtl m
(hveliing#. 'J’b.e wind.blew gently f:on: !i.e ViM;
•ad tho great d mger s -e be I to 1 ia the three-
tic :: below:—Tbe duelling In 1 se of oi:r ;;ol
and e.stima! !e I’eRo'v-citizon. li in. BoWt,
1'.-;. .stood next nt me. am! 1:0 attempts to
it were in ode for a half or-tla-'c quarter# <!
hour, aiv. l.jch timeNi- fate' was l :tt tao C'- a-.:.
A sni^11' Rouse above w :is hlawln .ef>, ami '.be
(lames to tin-west here sloppea. Great t-.o.
tiiins w ere made to'-, save the 'l idt'dir,; - vj'-y:
htii- wcre ill vaiu—tlie-firc extended, taking i: Ut
progress. AU -- Mnrren's dwelling, occupied 1 :
Vlr. V< nt. Brysons Mr. \S’m. 'Smith's- 1 1
.ooehplfcd ily Mr.'tftnry.H'. ,Fi M’Urssi
tliri-e -lory tenemeui. on the ci.ru.-r ol l* = R 1
and-MTutosli streefs, occupied bv C. l ow. .V
’Gardelie, and A. f-abnl, above: and tbo basn
mem,-store occupied hv R. 1!'Doi'.'-[d. next a
Mu-grovc'A' Jinstiu s s Fire Proof- an -1!■ 1
.w!u:relbe flantes w.erc arrc-i'-.d. '!'!> - Fire I’
AV.-ire-boltse, oeettpied-by Messrs. J. Di R>y
J? Tl. St. Jehu & Co. on the.East side of M I* -
tosh street, atur the t»ri*-k teuement on tin* s 'A
e'ori.'eriof M’Fntosli and "Reynold si reels, tier,,
lit.rriers .against the uevouring ; !eu:ci:t in tic
directions: ’ . .
Great fears were’enterjr.itwd for a portion <■■
our city east of th- lire : and at one tine- nrn
Ilduses wete covered with burning cinders
the rtipula, ol’thc Episcopal Cl'tirvii wa#S<' |! ; -.*
jn n blaze—it tv is fortunately ni-rovered in t‘ ,re
to be e:tsily extinguisiied. without doing dani'rp-
Ail ill- out-lniildings atlnehed to tbe prria:---
rSotvj'uc i^Tlafcd, were destroyed. 'I he ncti-’
io-.» wc wiliii-u j-ire'tctuf to :i: Lottie "• -
fully and some p.utialiy insure if. and solar 1 • •
insured at all.—Airotrg the l.ntei wp niai--n
%•. HobBJ, whrs* loss is probably greater ik-
tint of any minr p* rson.
By < is hi o’clock, the Engines bad been **
rieil off, tied but few of our citizens ritr-
spectators oftlie ruins. *t this period a
alarm wti-Si’umled. ttnd upon repairing
point, flnmesiwere issttii.g from a kitchen, (M
1 " " trect, on the
1'. ■
tnay remain till their crop's arc gathered. After
ud the selections tnnjje,
this article shall not operate tqnm that part of it
not included in such selections. But intruders
shall, in the inauner before described, tie retnov;
ed from these selections for the tenn of five years
from the ratification of tbi- treaty, or until the
same are conveyed to while persons.
o*J
ring to 'k
ouihcru District of Alabama !»> the Sccrplarj*- bav’d cutt-red adti taken possession under pretence
<HAWFORD
e:i Editors, f\uHificatiuii, Printers’ Dev
ils, fyc.
Sparta, Sept, 16, 1833.
Dear Sir—I write at the instance of a rom-
mtlfi frieiul, who yesterday informed- nir that
the villainous fabrications of tlio ‘'Federal
Union” and Augusta Courier impeaching my
consistency rind firmness bad a currency arid
credit’ in the county of Jnines, o^pn with smiie-
of ufy oldest and most esteemed rrrtptaintanees.
r l’lte calumny propagated, first by McWhor
ter ol Augusta, and afterwards by Cutiibcrt
nnd Rolhtll
this—tfiat whilst at the late
commencement, the Nullifiers held a caucus,
fire
iol
,te(
.,1 nc-
tb to
IV
pied'dn-the south side of Reynolds s
square below tlx- first^fne. 'I hey sf>re :iU
toqidity, aud it was soon :-ppar» nt that: n ^
sive eonfiagration must be tin result; !!l 1 '
apprchyc-ions v. re entertained lor
between Bevitulds aqd 1’ioad streets. * 1
extended up Reynolds street to n In ta 1
bv Mr. V'c andev u-kie wbicb was! I° n '
attfl eastward to AVashington suect.—-d"'-j _
long Washington street, to r !>ark store. °J r ’'*
by Mr. Philip M’Gratf; ami aero-- M n,n
street, to the new (hvelliu • house, owned a
rupi. d by \Vin. (’. Mien. F.-q which. «
appt-ini■'gcs. were burnt to the gn in’ 1 ■ u ^
.dwelling-Tioiisri belonging to Mr. John ' r ‘ )
next to Mr. Mieou’s* w as materially dap'1;
cutting. A c. _ , ■ i;j
Tim following li' tsses were destroyed -.,1.
fire viz: Alex M:.cl. it *s house. b ! «"» ’j)’ ’
dv.b-l'iiig house ovvm d by the 81 te B* 1 ' ,,j.,
oceuiuod hv the Rev. Mr Ford '- 'he 1
owned anil on upied by Minus Joints'
bfack-smph anil carriage sl ops ow nci
pied bv Mr. l.utlier Roll,: the law
by Mr. Johnson, sen aud or
Carter. I'.sq. . the. dwelling
■be same. :tnd occup e:!
:nre.
bv
. jr- ll,e
p<i co '*'
nvitf^
(t pic ft by ' •' 1
house ""“b,;.
Mr. J
t:V
Vr-
the large ihvolling owned and occnp 1 ; ^ ^ y t
Jacob Danforth; the back store occupy" ’
P. M’C ran, .blown up, ami the dwelling: ^
and neetiptecH'v \V. U. Mieon, Lsp , °d« e -'
v-itli tlio out-buildin®* tfjtnchcq t° n ‘‘ „ tin
F’o this case, ys iii the first. n> n - tlc8 ol>
.•ftfTercrs were insur'd ton greater or c» <
except 51 r. DniiTortlir whose loss is swer •