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• \ J fflHOI GEORGIA TELEGRAPH mtff. GREAT WESTERN RAIL ROAD. Knoxville Convention. REPORT OK THE COMMITTEE OK FORTY-FIVE. The committee to whom wns referred the re port of the South Carolina Commissioners, and the four resolutions, directing them to consider the charters, and report hereon, and also to iuquire nud report on the practicability, probable cost, and commercial and other advantages of the proposed Louisville, Cinci mail and Charleston Kail Hoad, also, on the measures necessary to be adopted in relation thereto, have had these important sub jects under consideration, and find that charters have been passed by the Legislatures of South Carolina, North Carolina, Tenuessee and Ken tucky, for the purpose of extending a Rail Road from Louisville and Cincinnati to Charleston, through the States above mentioned. Having examined the provisions of these chnrters, the committee arc of opiniou that they should be ac cepted. and accordingly report a resoluliuu to that effect With respect to the sccoud branch of these in quiries. they report that the charters funded by me several States, require that the road shall pass through the States of Keutucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina: nnd the commutes are directed to respoud to the inquiry, whether there has been found a practicable route through these States betwom Charleston, in S. Carolina, aiul some poiut in Kentucky, between the Cumberland mountains and the Kentucky ri ver, from which point two roads may be made, one leading to Louisville aud the o'herto Cincin nati. by way ot Lexington, and thence by a branch to Maysville. This cannot be answered better than by referring to the report of Capt. Willinms. of the U. S. Topographical Engineers, and Chief Engiuoerof the South Carolina Com missioners. which has beeu referred to this com mittee, and which, after duo examination, is found to liceutiiled to entire confidence, ns well on ac count of the able manner in which it has beeu drawn up, as the skill and accuracy of the Engi neers tvho liavo assisted in making the surveys. From this report, corroborated by the personal observations of mauy members of ibis commit tee, it would appear that within the chartered lim its of the company, there is uo practicable pass through the Allegany mountains, but the valley of tbs French If road river; and most fortunately for the undertaking, the general direction of this ri' er, within tin- mountain regiou, coincides with n straight line drnivu from Charleston to the bran ching point in Kentucky ; and wbal recommends it rnuro sirongly for adupiion, is the fact that its head waters rise on a level plain, which begins at ibe Minimi! of the Blue Ridge, aud stretches to the north west in an open valley, wi'lraut any de scent perceptible to tbe eye for 30 miles, to a short distance below Ashvdle in North Caioliua; and for the uext GO miles it has a very regular de scent to the poiut where it issues from the moun tains, which descent, in the whole distance aver ages only 13 feet to the mile; and iu only one mile is there a descent uf 45feet. Aud while the river runs over this regular descending bed, its curvatures are such, that with no very extraor dinary labor, a road cuu be made iu it. to admit locomotives with their trains to pass without diffi culty. This committee have no hesitation, there fore, in declaring that this must he ndopied as a part of the line of our road, and that it is perfect ly practicable. The attention of the committee has uext been called to the approaches to this great opening in tho mountains, and particularly to those through the Blue Ridge, which lead to the comparative ly level country of North aud South Carolina. The Blue Ridge prescuts two openings, which have been examined and minutely surveyed.— The first is down the Reedy Fateh Creek, called the Reedy Fateh Gap, which leads directly iuto If road River. The descent here is 777 feet in the distauce of 5 miles aud 1371 feet; and in the Broad River below, there is n descent of 567 feet in 6 milesand 3155 feel, to a point where the dif ficulties of this line terminate, aud the rountry hccomesso level as to present no serious obstruc tions to the use of locomotive power. By the Ifutt Wountu in nnd Greeu river, the Blue Ridge may be passed by an opening whicn leads into the valley of Broad River. From the depression of the Blue Bulge at this mountain, there is a de scent of 19$ feet in 4 miles and 2003 feet, to the bridge ou Green River, and from that bridge down the valley of that stream there is a descent of 1102 feet in 18 miles anil 3377 feet, to a poiut w heie the level country begin*, and all serious ob structions cease. A third route is found by pass ing the Blue Ridge at the dep.esMon of tho Butt Muiuitain, nnd crossing the Saluda Mountain into Greenville District, down Gap Creek.* On this line, which hns been accurately surveyed, the iains, nud they recommend a careful considera tion of this part of it by every fiiend of I his great work, from which the accuracy of his estimates may be duly appreciated. If any error has en tered into them, it is the opiuiou * t .f this commit tee that it will be found iu placing tho cost too high, rulher than too low. It should here be ob- «ei ved, that the estimates have been made ou the supposition that the line of road is to he located by passing by Columbia, (S. C.) then up Broad river aud the ridee between it aud Tbicketty creek, anefr by the lteody Fateh Gap to the table lands of Buncombe couuly, (N. C.) and from the mouth of the Nolachncky, by Knoxville aud Wheeler’s Gap, to the branching poiut south of Kentucky ri^er. This lias been adopted without intending, in auv tnauner, to recommend it iu pre Terence to auy other. Tho decision on this point belongs exclusively to the company, who will bo in possession of all the requisite information, (which is uot the case with the committee) aud this derisioij will be controlled bv ■ o influence but the best interests of the stockholders, which may bo always assumed as .coinciding with the best inteerst of the coiunmuiiy. The route on which the estimates afe made, is assumed as the basis on which to predicate the cost of the work, and should a shorter, better aud cheaper one be obtained, this will be so much gained to the com pany. The follow ing are the results of the esti mates o f Capt. Williams: From Charleston to Branchvillc. 62 . miles, where theie is now a single track, the cost for a second will be $4,500 per mile, $279,000 From Bra*‘cbville to Columbia at $11.433 per mile, 62 miles. 711,646 Prom tberce to the jnnclimi of Tbic- kettv with Broad river 65 miles, a' $12,000 per mile, 780,000 Thence to the junction of Green and Broad rivers, at $15,300 per mile, 52 miles, • 743,600 Theure to Ashvillc,40 miles, for ffie first ten miles through the Blue Ridge $40,000 per mile, and the next 30 miles at $12,000 per mile. 760,000 Thence down the Freuch Bioad to the mouth of the Nolachucky. 60 miles, at $30,000 per mile, 1,800,000 Thence to the junction of'the Elk with the clear fork of Cumber land, crossing tbe streams in East Tennessee, 90 mile3, at $30,000 per mile. 2,700,000 Thence to Cincinnati, 190 miles, at $12 162 per mile. 2,310,780 The branch to Louisville, assuming its cost to he equal to the Road from Columbus to Charleston, 990,000 The branch to Maysville, 60 miles, at $12,162 per mile, ; 729.720 The most western branch from this common point 3d. The superior facilities which such a route will proceed to Columbus and meet there the steam*, boat navigation of the Chattahoochee, which is the most eastwardly navigable stream which discharges into the Gulf of Mexico. AH these roads have received the enlightened consid would afford for supplying the whole Atlantic coast—the West ludies, and foreign countries— with the productions notv carried down tho Mis sissippi river to New Orleans. When we look at a map of the U. States, & trace the present course As the South Carolina Canal :ftid Rail Road compauy will, iu all probability, seek a union with this road ou terms of perfect recipro city. nud "make a double track to the poiut of junction, w herever that may he, the estimated costs of ibis part of tbe road may bo deducted. $990,000 Leaving this sum, $10,814,046 to be provided, to construct, (in connection with the preseut S. Carotin rail road.) the entire rail roads between Charleston aud Louisville. Cincinnati aud Mays ville. This estimate is based on the supposition that there will be a double track tbe whole way A view of tbe exteut aud population of the States granting the charter, (through which it must pas*.) aud also uf those States, which ly ing contiguous on the east, the north & the wes\ may unite themselves with it, by lateral and oth er connecting Rail Roads, Canals, and navigable Rivers, may aid iu demonstrating tbe value and extent of the commercial and social intercourse it may be made to establish. But the limited time allowed the committee, has prevented them from descending to particulars, or exhibit ji g more than a general survey of ibis exleusive region.— It will he seen that tne most direct influence of our road w ill embrace tbe eastern, but largest por tion of Keutucky, the whole of East Tennessee, the western section of North Carolina, and the entire State of South Carolina. Iu this region, taking the census of 1830 as tbe basis, aud ad ding the supposed increase to this day, the pre sent population will not vary much* from two millions, or a little less than the entire population of the United States at the Declaration of Inde- eration of the people aud legislatuie of Georgia, of the trade between tho country bordering ou aud are regarded as entirely within her means; the Ohio, and tho cities on the South Atlantic and there seems no doubt of their early nccom- coast, involving, after a tedious voyage down the plishraeut. It hns beon ascertained by a survey Mississippi, transshipment at that place, a dan- made by Lieutenant Colcock that iu case Geor- gerous and difficult voyage down iho Gulf of gia should run their main road through tho Ra- Mexico and around tho Capes of Florida, and hun Gap, a road passiug into Pickens district in estimate the loss of time, of pro perty aud of life, South Carolina, may branch from it over ground by which ii i. attended, the freight, insurance, deemed by uo means impracticable. the shipwreks, &c., we cannot fail to perceive ALABAMA. how vastly important it must be, to substitute a Tbe western branch of tbe Georgia rail road, communication with the Atlantic by a rail road, before mentioned, in its way to Columbus, will whereby all these inconveniences and losses run so near to West Point, on the Chattahoochee would bo avoided, and the markets of the whole River, that a short road may connect it with world thrown open to the western country. It that place, from which there is now constructing is believed that the saving in freight aud insu- a rail road to Montgomery, which there meets the i ranee alone, would pay the interest on the entire steam boat navigation of the Alabama River that cost of such a work. terminates at Mobile, the most commercial and 4th. The vast amount of domestic inanufac- rapidly increasing town on the Gulf of Mexico, tures of every description which would spring up and destined to have no superior ill the south- in the west, where labor and provisions are so west, except New-Orleaus. The Legislature of cheap aud so abundant, „ud where water power Alabama has incorporated a company, that is | is so boundless; manufactures, which need only now organized, to carry a road from Wetumpkn good markets to become the source of unboun- nt tbe head of steam boat navigation on the Ala- ded wealth aud prosperity to the people of that bama River, about seventy miles, to th« upper region and which will be received by the south part of the rapids of the Coosa River. This coin-I iu exchange for their cotton, or for the foreign pany proposes to extend their work to meet the I goods of every description of which they will be western branch, or main trunk of the Georgia the importers, for the supply of the west, as well rail road, and thus to connect with ours. The as of the south. connection of our road with North Alabama, and 5th. The vast amount of foreign merchandize the southern part of West Tenuessee River from which, under such a system ofinatural exchange, Knoxville, or the point where the Georgia trunk would be required for western consumption, the will leave that river, to the Tuscumhia rail road, consequeuet increase of the shipping interest in which passes round tbe Muscle Shoals, and is j our Atlautic ports, and the enlargement of our now in full operation. And should our road I South Atlantic cities, by the extension of their pass the Cumberland River below the falls, ii commercial connexions—tne consequent amelioi - will cross the head of small steam boat naviga- ation of the condition of the whole population of tion ou it. and thus be connected with Nashville tbe western and southern States—by adding to and the northern part of Kentucky. Should it their comforts, as well as their iutellectural, raor cross above the falls, it may have this connection al aud social improvement, by a lateral rail road of no considerable exteut. 6th. The facilities which such a road and its NORTH CAROLINA. branches would aflord for the certain aud speedy The connection of our road with the works of this I transportation of the mail, and the circulation of state will probably be made at Beatty’s ford, on 11 deary productions and information of every des- the Catawba River. From that pointa rail road j criptiou—thereby establishing an intellectual iu has been chartered to Fayetteville, and thence to tercourse, whereby the public mind will be en- Wilmiugton ou the Atlantic. From Salisbury. I larged, improved and liberalized—knowledge, ou the last mentioned road, to Clinton thence to I the parent of virtue, be promoted, and tbe arts Raleigh, the capital of the state, a rail road is I aud sciences greatly exteuded. contemplated, wtiirb is to be extended to Weldon I 7th. The facilities it would affoid to cinigra- ou the Roauoke. to meet tbe rail roads to Peters- tiou and personal intercourse among the inhabit- burgh. now iu full op-ration, and to Norfolk.— ants of different portions of our country, uow se- This continuation will end on the Chosapeake parated from each other by almost impassable Bay. barriers ; an intercourse which embracing the VIRGINIA. millions of inhabitants extending from the upper A company is charted to meet a branch of our lakes to the Atlantic, would soon become so ex road which it is contemplated to pass down the tensive as of itself to ensure a large iucome to valley from the western extremity of Teunes- j the company, and which would be in all other respects, eminently conducive to the harmony, improvement, and prosperity of our common country. If, as wo aro informed, 30,000 persons were, iu a short time after its completion, trans States through which it may pass would be pre pared to make up any deficiency in the subscrip tion of their citizens, would have the effect of giving public confidence to the work, and secure the support of individuals aud corporations. The late large aud unexpected addition to the resou~- ces of the States, by tbe division among them of the surplus revenue of the United States, affords the easy and certain means of effecting this most desirable object. Let this be pressed home upon the States, aud let them be urged by every consi deration of patriotism aud duty, not to neglect the means which Providence seems at this time to have thrown in their way, for the purpose of ef fecting the greatest object which it may ever be in their power to accomplish—that of forming A LASTING UNION BETWEEN THE WEST AND THE south—by binding them in the golden chain of mutual sympathies aud common interests—by breaking down all the barriers which now divide them, and causing the stream of commerce to spread its benign and fertilizing influence ihro’ regions which want only this to become the fair est portion of the globe. Animated by these views, which time does not permit them fully to deve- loae, the Committee recommend to tho Conven tion of the following resolutions, viz.: pendente. And before the time limited for the road will have a descent of 198 feet iu 4 miles J completion of our work by the charter, allowing and 203 feet, to tho Green River bridge, and 1 our population to double iu 30 years, which this then down Gup Creek, where the descent is-1096 I road will help lo accomplish, it will, no doubt ex- feet (iu 6 miles anil 3989 feet, to a poiut ou the head waters of the middle fork of Saluda, where the obstructions to the uso of steam pow er terminate. One of iheso throe passes, it is supposed may he adopted : but whicn of them it may he prema ture to decide. This decifiou can be made by the company alone, after full surveys and a care ful consideration of all the attcudaut circumstan ces. This committee, however, have no hesitation in declaring their opiuiou. that n Rail Rot d may he made through either of tiiese passes with much Jess difficulty than has been overcome oti lines of rend possessing iu other respects, no superiority to ours. Three, or at most, four inclined plants may he hero required to he worked by steam or water power, which latter element can be com manded to any extent at all uf them. And w han it is recollected that our road exceeds 100 miles < ecd that number and nearly equal the entire pitp illation of the Slates at the adoption of the Fed eral Constitution. But a more enlarged view of this matter must lie taken. The connections with our road, as exhibited heretofore, will show, that the whole region to he intimately united with our work, will embrace the entire Stale of Georgia and a part of Florida, the eastern part of Alabama, the sou thern part of North Carolina, extending eastward to tho ocean ; a large portion of Ohio on the south and west, almost the entire State of Indi ana, and apart of eastern Illinois.—Adding these exleusive regions, and it will he seen that at least one third of the United States, which is uow set tled, forms tho immense country froi. which this road will draw its support, and to which i' will dispense its blessings. And it cannot be doubted that by the time it isromploted, the circle of its influence will embrace more 'ban 5,000,000 of in leugth in the highest mountain region in tho }people, inhabiting a country which stretches over United States, it i* only a matter of surprise that so few of these auxiliaries to locomotive power are required. On the Alleghany nnd Fortage Rail Road in Fennsylvauia, tho same ridge of mountains is passed hy leu inclined planes. Below the Blue Ridge, (which ever pass above indicated may he adopted) the line of road will find uo .surface which may not he graded with great ease to locomotive power, as tested by pre seut experience, in fact, this region to the sea- liourd is remarkably favorable to the use of steam power, as will at once appc&f when the estimates of this part of the line aro presented. Issuing from thn valley of the x’rcnch Broad ou the north west of tho Alleghany, our Road may pass round tho the south west of the Clinch Mountain, and reach the Cumberland Mountai.'* 8 at Cumberland Gap, at \\ heeler’s Gap, or at the Cross Mountain Gup; either of which may he udopted, as may he nest recommended by iheii own facilities aud the appioaches to and from them. In the present state of our information, it would be presuming too much to express a pre ference for cither. Tho first has beeu accurate ly surveyed toy tho Engiu'ers ordered by the War Department on this service, and the second has been exploit'd by Capt, Williams. It i* sup posed that one iuchded plane may he required hero. And from the summit of the Blue Ridge to tho Ohio river, a distance of 370 riles, it is probable that ibis will ho the only inclined plane which may he required. The committee have not had time to go into at least 12 degress of latitude and <0 degrees of longitude, and is blessed by every variety of soil, production aud climate found iu any part of this Union. This view of the subject alone, would seem to render almost unnecessary auy further develop ment of the extensive usefulness and vast impor tance of the undertaking; except merely to point out the connections of our road with the Rail Roads, Rivers and Canals, which have been com pleted, are in progress or contemplated, and soon may lie accomplished, should our happy Union he preserved, aud its unexampled prosperity sus tained aud continued. To show these various connections it ha* been found necessary to go somewhat iuto detail, hut with as much brevity a* possible. GEORGIA. 1 his State requires hut a single main trunk of Rail i'oad to unite all her contemplated improve ments wi.'h ours This trunk opeuiug on our road in the valley of east Tennessee, may stretch to tho Smith through the Al'eghany mountains nnd Blue Ridge ot'Tennessee river and Rabun Gap, where a prariicf)*' route has been ft nnd to exist; or by a line further west, flanking these mountains, on ground favoi.able 10 its construc tion, and tuny reach some comi.ion poiut in this State, from which the following brnctebes may di- vergo; The most eastern branch will lie extended to Athens, where it will meet tho road now being made to Augusta, the largest inland town in ti;e details, aud most therefore refer to the report of! southern Atlautic States, where it will meet tbe the commissioners of .South Carolina, the report! Rail Road to CharJestou, already in successful of Messrs Gadsden. Brisbane and Ho,mce, and [operation, and at present the longest finished Kail OHIO. When our road shall reach Cincinnati, its con tinuation will be effected by a rail road from that ity to tjpriugfield and thence by the Mad River rail | ported on the Liverpool and Manchester Rail road to Sandusky Bay and Lake Erie. This Road, adding so much to its income as to increase continuation is uow in progress of completion.— tbe value of its stock one hundred and eighty per At that city wo shall also meet the canal from cent., who can count the multitude which would the Ohio river to Dayton. It is also contempla- pass along our road, or estimate the profits to ted to construct a canal from Cincinnati to the be derived from this source ? White Water canal, which will enter the Ohio 8th. The advautagisiutimesofwar, as afford river at Lawrencebnrgh in Indiana. & will extend I ing tbe means of transmitting the products of the above tbe’National Road iu that state. At Mays- south and east across tbe continent- tvheu they ville, our road will reach the Ohio river 47 miles j could not be safely shipped, whereby some of the below the entrance into that stream of the Ohio 1 worst conssqueuces of war would he averted to and Erie canal, which uow extends entirely I the people of both regions, while the prosperity through the state of Ohio to Cleaveland on Lake of the compauy would be greatly promoted. Nor Erie. I is it of less importance that the means should be INDIANA. j thus afforded for the speedy transportation of pro The connection of our work with the White visions, arms, munitions of war, and troops, from Water canal in this slate has already been men- the interior to the sea coast, to repel invasion and tinned. Wheu we reach Lexington, we shall suppress insurrection; while the military power meet the Lexington and Ohio rail road already I of the couutry would be thus greatly increased, finished to Fraukfoit nud progressing to Louis- and a feeling of security (founded on a cominuui- ille. On its way it passes withiu 20 miles of j ty of interest and sympathy of feeling) would Madison iu this state, aud from thyt town a rail pervade the land ; there could be no jealousy or road is already provided for and a part of it about I • pproheusiou of danger from this source, since to be put under contract, passing through t'oluin- J a communication by Rail Roads can be easily in- bus aud Indianapolis, the capital of the state, to j icrrupted, such communication being'available ‘.a Fayette on the Wabash, where it will strike only for the intercourse of friends, and capable of the caunl to Lake Erie, already in part comple-) being iiisiautly closed against the approaches of ted. This road will becontinued to Lake Michi-! an enemy gan. thus opening a direct and almost straight And lastly. Its controlling and permanent in- eommunication between that lake and the Atlan- J fluence on tbe peace and perpetuity of the Union tic Ocean at Charleston. At Madison, another J practicably increasing the reciprocal dependence rail road has been chartered to counect that city j ofthe uorth aud tbe south, from Michigan to Flo with Rushville. At Louisville oor road will ead j rida—by establishing connexions in business, opposite to a rail road which has been chartered j promoting friendships, abolishing prejudice, ere to run from Jeffersonville to Columbus, to unite I nting greater uniformity iu political opinions, and there with the Madison and La Fayette rail road, I blending tin feelings of distant portions of the And at Louisville we shall end opposite to non- j country into a union of heart* thcr road, which is intended to pass through Sal-1 Such are the leading advantages of the pro em, Bedford, Bloomington, aud Crawfordville. posed road, which wo aro here permitted losttg- aml end at La Fayette. But whether this road gest, but the importance ol which will be felt is to be a McAdamiscd turnpike or a rail road, aud appreciated by all. To follow out these sug depend* ou the result of further surveys ordered j gestioiis iu all their relations, is a duty which to he made. The state is pledged to the coo- must be reserved fur auothcr occasion "traction of one or the other. This toad, as well It uow becomes necessary to determine, what as ihe one from Madison, will cross tbe central measures should he adopted to carry these views canal of Indiana, which will begin north of In-I into effect? The charter provides that books dianapolis, and traversing the entire valley of shall lie opened for a subscription to the capital White river, enter the Ohio river at Evausville. stock of the company on. tbe 1st Oct. next, to The state ha* made ptovision for caryiug the ca- continue open for six days. This capital is esti nal from Lake Erie, through La Fayette, aud mated al $6,0"O,OOO, with liberty to the compa down the valley of the Wabash to Evansville, uy to increase it, it found necessary. Should passing in its whole length within a short distance this sum not be subscribed withiu the period meu- oflllioois. To the completion of these works, tioued, the hooks are to eoutiuue open until the with several others, this state stands committed j first January uext, in order to enable incorporat ed companies and States, ns well as individuals, to make up the amount; and if in the whole, the subscription shall on that day amouut to the sum of $4,000,000, the company is then to be consi dered as foi med. The first important step, there fore, is to secure the charter. For this purpose a strong appeal should he made hy this Conven tion to the people of all the States feeling an in terest in the proposed road, to iuduce them to heroine subscribers to the stock. The appeal should set forth its practicability and immense advantages iu a social, commercial aud political poiut of view ; urging such facts aud arguments as may be best calculated to rouse the people to a great and general effort for the accomplishment of the work. This appeal cannot be without its iullueuce, with an enlighreued aud patriotic peo ple, capable of estimating the almost boundless resources of the States betweeu which this road will form a connexion. Nor can a doubt he cu- tertained by any one who will take an enlarged view of the south mid the west, which this road will establish, that it tnay be made as profitable to the stockholders, as it must be important to the country in all respects—but especially in promot ing fi-iuudship and harmony, aud establishing a bond uf union among tbe States. It is, iudecd; in this latter view uf the question, that it presents itself with irresistible force to the mind of every citizen who loves bis country aud cherishes her iustitutious. Without enlarging on this topic ut this time, wo cousider it as making uu appeal to the several States through which the proposed road, or its branches may pass, of so interesting a character, that it will become a high —we should think—a sacred duty ou their part, to interpose, in their sovereign capacity to pre- Let tho cousi From the Washington Globe, July 29 General Scott. This gentleman, who passed through this city a few days since, has, we liud, on his. arrival at New York, given occasion to a great outbreak against the President in the opposition newspa pers of that city. As he “passed through this meridian.” on his return we find the National In telligencer awakened to join in the cry, & yester day It embodied a portion of the General’s com plaints in tho following paragraph: “General Scott has returned from New York, and again passed through 'this meridian, on his way to Richmond, to join his family. The pre dicament in which this officer has been placed is certainly a very singular oue. Here is a Gener al. to whom had been committed the arduous and responsible trust of conducting an extended Indian war, suddeuly recalled from his com mand by the President, under censure, implied at least; and when he nbeys the summons, and reaches the seat of Government, no finds uo one to whom he can make explanations, and is galloping through the country, from pillar to post, iu pursuit of some superior to whom he can re port himself. Finding no one at the seat of Gov ernment, or elsewhere, to whom he can report or address himself, aud being debarred from return ing to his command aud resuming tbe prosecution of ihe war, ?ie has, we understand, gone, like a good citizen, to report himself to his wife." ’•'he motive which prompts all this clamor hy General Scott with regard to the absence of the Secretary at War, at this moment, will be appreciated, wheu it is understood that there is a superior here, charged with the instructions of the Secretary, and to whom he did report—that he no sooner asked ofthe Adj. General informa tion as to the grounds of his recall, lhau they were furnished by that officer; aud that the instant he demanded a court of inquiry, it was granted by the proper officer, with au assurance that it would he convened at as early a day as circumstances would permit. As the matters to be inquired iu to embrace Doth the Creek aud Seminole Cam paigns, and implicate General Jesup and General Gaines as well as General Scott, both oow en- by the pledge of $10,000,000; a sura within a trifle of the whole amount required from 4 statos to complete our great work. But your committee have yet to mention one of the most important features of our great underta king It will reach the Ohio river at three points embracing a space on that stream of 269 miles. By this connection we shall open on a steam boat navigation, that without interruption extern!* to ten states and tieo territories, nud has at this mo ment as many steam boats floating on its waters as exist in all Europe. The committee would gladly have availed themselves of this occasion, to present a full view of the vast resources of the states peculiarly inter ested in the propose'* road, and of its probable effects upon their futuro prosperity. A dovclopo meat of this subject in all its bearings, we are confident, would present a most imposing view of the surpassing importance of the work, which ibis Convention is assembled to promote. The necessity, however, of presenting a report fm the immediate action of the Convention, forbids us to attempt more at this time, than a tneie summary of the advantages which most result from the con struction of such a road, and wo are the more reconciled to thi* course from a thorough convic tion, that these need only to lie stated, to opcu at once t<> every reflecting mind, a prospect so extensive uud so striking, that their owu reflec tions. will bring our readers, at once, to the con clusions. at which we have oarselvos arrived.— Wo would, therefore, merely call public attention to the following poitits, viz : 1st- The impulse which this road must givo to the industry of the vast nod forti ! e regions through which it will pass—hy improving their agricul ture—adding to the value of lands—developing! vent the failure of the great work. the report of Captain Williams, which, on exam ination; will !>c found fully to sustain this state ment, and it is fur her corroborated by the person al knowledge of the committee, to some of whom every part of the liuo is known. J lie cost of the work constitutes another branch of this inquiry . \ud here the committee £ ar * n S a * u IP rofer to the report of Capt, Wi!.- Road in tbe world, and tho stoamhont navigation to Savannah. From the same common point a branch will rail to Forsyth ; from which place to Macou a Rail Road is uow beiug constructed.— Here it will meet tho Central Rail Road of Geor gia, which hns been incorporated to ran to Savan nah, and also the steam boat navigation of the Ock»alfcecr wireli reaches tho oocau at Darien. their mineral resources—introducing new man nfacturcs—augmenting their population, increas ing the demand for labor of every description, nud building up villages iu all directions. 2d. The great facilities it will nfford for the easy, cheap and certain transportation of the va rious productions of the country through which it may pass, or t« ith which it may bo iu auy way connected—tho wide door it will open to reci procal exchanges, aud the consequent extension ef tho production a9 well as the consumption of the people along the whole line, and ou its bor dcVv. derations which enjoin this duty on the soveral States interested, bo set forth aud urged in the name aud behalf of this Convention, in such a mail tier as may loave no doubt of their obligations ou this subject. Lot tho Delegates here assem bled, pledge themselves to each other to exert all their influence to effect this—aud iu Dehalf of those they represent, let thorn have a mutual un derstanding, that tho States from which they come, will (so far as it may bo in their power to speak for them) do their part of the proposed work. A reasonable assurance that tho road would in no event be suffered to-faU, but that tho gaged in active service, with afithe officers who must compose the court, together with many of the witnesses who must testify before it, Geueral Scott could uot have expected the investigation to take place immediately on his arrival at Wash ington. In a time of profound peace, when the army has nothing to do but to settle controversies between officers, it would require at least a mouth to organize such a court aud to make prepara tion for such au inquiry as Gen. Scott has de manded ; and yet, with a knowledge that the Fresident’s order for an inquiry into the unac countable delays in prosecuting tho Creek war, and failures of the campaign, in Florida, could not be had for mouths to come, Gen. Scott is seeu “g’a?foping’”<hrough.the couutry and raisiug au outcry, as if some important right had been denied liim hy the absence of the Secretary of War, when all he could wish had been anticipa ted by the Secretary, aud provided for before he left the city! B-side* this mode of exciting prejudice in favor of Gen. Scott, an appeal is made to thearrav. as if its fate were identified with his glory; and it is prelendedd in Webb’s Courier and Enquirer, which broke forth with the greatest fury on Gen. Scott’s arrival at New York, that his recall is but a part of the President’s plan to destroy the ar my, or "bring it into disrepute." The subject is thus introduced: "The Army—All who are iu the habi* of look ing at our little army as oue of which tbe coun try has cause to be proud, and all who retain the recollection of its glorious achievements in our struggle with the first power in the world, can not but feel a deep mortification at the systematic efforts which have been made to bring it imodis repute since Geueral Jackson came iuto office.— No man owed it so much as Andrew Jackson and when iu 1820, he retired from the service, there wa» no mau in it so ready to defend its reputation or resent the slightest imputation upon its honor or efficiency, as he who since his eleva tion to the Presidency has beeu its greatest enemy. Bu’ thecauso is obvious, Suddcntly elevated to a station for which in the simplicity of his heart he declared he was no better fitted than his war horse, like all other demagogues his first act was to destroy the ladder by which he had acquired a hold upon the affections ofthe people, aud in his inaugural address he solemnly proclaimed his hostility to all stauding armies.” After a protracted rhapsody of this sort, to rouse the esprit de corps of the army to resist the attempt of the President to des'roy its character, as identified with General ricott, the article pre pared for Webb’s paper thus proceeds: “But bad as ha beeu the conduct ofJackson and Van Buren iu relation to the army, the manner in which Geo. Scott’s recall was effec ted l>v au intrigue of Gen. Jesup’s—himself an officer of huh rauk and great reputation—is alike disgraceful to that officer and the parties concer ned iu it. It would appear that Jesup is in great favor with Blair, tho Chief of the Kitchen, and as soon as lie found that Sscott had been ordered to conduct the war against tbe Creeks, determin ed to use his scavenger friend lo procure the re call of his superior officer. He accordingly ad dressed a letter to Blair commencing with 'Xs dear friend, and concluding with his kindest re gards to Mrs. Blair and the children, iu which he stated that Scott was playing the same game in in the Creek country that he had in the Seminole, and that it made his blood boil to witness the mur ders he did, and be restrained by Scott from etc ting! This letter, doubtless by desire of Jesup was takeu to tha President, who endorsed upou it, *Iet him he recalled forthwith, to answer for bis failure in Florida, aud his tardy procedure iu the Creek country.’ ’’ Tho letter of Gen. Jesup to the Editoi of the Globe, is just sufficiently parodied in this para graph to authorize Geu. Scott, who alone has a copy of it, to say ho did not furnish it to thn Edi- tcr. It satisfies us, however, that Geu. Scott is busy in getting up false issues through the pub lic press, and appealing to party interests, (the saino party which derided his toudiic: oftlio Flor ida campaign,) by way of forestalling the iuquiry he has invited, aud obtaining a support, alien to the merits of his case. With regard to tho “intrigue of Gen. Jesup,” it is proper that we should say a word iu the ab sence of that officer. Tho representation made to disparage him, through the opposition prints, since Gen. Scott has obtained a copy of his let ter from the Department! leaves r» doubt that trs?-rmfnv the circumstance of ii s haviiiir the Editor of the Globe, is gfeatlv“ a f. dre «€d blast this controversy. Weiiavel r . e * le ^ on. ^ nication from Geu. Jesup since 0con >®!i. a ud can therefore only offer our q,.* - rpCeiv edii tion of his motives in writing to U3 ' D !uter Pt<t,. Geu. Jesup was our nextdnor ue ;„L. ho remaiued with his family j u »bju the friendly relation which always g i y, and ftoI ween us, he had reason to suppose ,,ed bet- lie journalist, we would be williue T a Pub- to him iu the difficulty which had SaLl*** himself aud Geu. Scott. II e knew ,u bet ^5 bcott had transmitted to tbe War I) l(J *0. letters in which were lodged the hP^aent,' ges against him—that he was char^T'^ r(ls '- ing the Alabama troops into them^P^k- Creek couutry, against orders—that h^ dst ° r the ged with bringing them into a situati,!''*. 5 ' 1 ^- had every reason to suppose that rh starve—that he was charged with b n ■ w ° u!( i Geu. Scott the danger of a mutiny thf?? 0 P°» troops, who were iuipatint for action 7° r * ia ready to break through the restraints’Jr " cre Scott’s plau, to reach the enemy - a „r5 tr *l that he was charged with failing to’ co “ d aud of derauging the whole scheme J“ K U,lcai ‘ patgn. ‘‘Dbe out). Gen. Jesup had seen that we had from time to time, such of General « P , ‘htd cial despatches as he desired to 8 °®' Globe—he had seen that we had u- l<le his violeut of ficial attack on Major R PJ, h®** Florida troops—he had seen that we had lb * Gen. Scott’s unfortunate Florida camDa*^ 561 * had brought forward every palliating au< * stance to relieve him from its cousequecnJ 1 "?' indignation of the South, universal dissatiif ■ among the people and the chagrin of the JW dent, whose confidence had preferred him i* 1 ’ command. Knowing these things, Gen J ceitainly had some reason to take car« t i,„ P should be apprised of his view ofthe tran*,*.^ 8 reported upon by Gen. Scott, :hat we mi.' J 85 impart intelligence to the public without^ knowledge of the whole case. a I is apparent, from Gen. Jesup’g letter to that be expected to be arrested, by Gen .sJ 81 ou his charges; aud if not, that he inieudcl? retire from his command, and call for an inv ° igatiou of them himself. It seems lie wishedT communicate ihe motives of his couduct to tJ Preside lit and he felt that he could uot do ,J through an official channel, without inculpatin'! Gen. Scott in such a mantier. as would puihim under the necessity of subjecting that office- Ic court martial. Standing in the relation of second in command, tve infer that Gen. Jesup did B0 , choose to take a course w hich could lie construed into au attempt to supplaut his superior. Ifo therefore stated his determination ’to apply to U relieved," and if not arrested by Gen. Scott on the charges pi-eferred against him. for his oiru vindication, to call for an iuquiry into his own part ant! have rhecampaign investigated. When we delivered this letter to the President, the Sec retary of War was at h[s house, and he apprised ihe Presideut that Geu. Scott had written a let- lerio Gen. Jesup, fuil of charges, and upou ex plaining them the J'resident said he would recall Geo. Scott. He disapproved of Gen. Scott’s conduct of the campaign. He appraveu ofJcs. up’s—anil q# he was obliged to put down adis- seution which threateueo to mar the campaign, he instantly wrote his order on Gen. Jesup’s let ter. without consulting the Secretary or sny one else. If there had heen'aay difficulty iu determin ing, as to the Geueral, whom he would employ in the further prosecution of tho war. Gets. Jes up’s letter relieved him Irom the invidinasoffice i f choosing between them, and offending one or the other- Gen. Jesup’s letter was an informs! com munication, intended to assure him that he would ask to be relieved. This voluntary retirement would at once have put an end to the divided councils, which were likely to produce disasters in the Creek campaign, nnd have left the field of glory to Geu. Scott. In doing this, Geu. Jesup, it seems, fell it due to himself, to i-uiicate the ground on which ho meant to defend himself a- gainst the charges which produced his resolution, and that he might not he considered as preftring official charges against his superior, which would call upou him to require his arrest in the midst of ;t campaign, he addressed his note to au unofficial person—the E'iiior of the Globe. Upou reading the coramitication, the President thought fit to give a turn to the controversy which wo did not anticipate on handing’ the letter. He considered it due to the public interest to revere the positions assumed by the two Generals. He deemed it proper to hold Gen. Scott to account ability, and make Geu. Jesup the accuser, 'nil as his letter, althnugh unofficial, was not confiden tial. he directed it to he filed, as a public docu ment, with Gen. Scott’s letter, to apprize hint of the whole foundation of the order upon which he was recalled. We are roundly abused hy those to whom Gen. Scott has coufided his case, to give it a (wliticnl complexion. Mingling the uame of the Editor of the Globe with the transaction may serve this, purpose—yet we had no more to do w ith it than the penny-post. Fort Mitchell. Alabama, ) June 20. ( Dear Sir: We have the Florida sceues enac ted over again. This war ought to have been ended a week ago. I commenced operations on the Alabama side, and havo succeeded in trac- quilizing the whole frontier. Our principal hos tile chief. Enea Mic , came in with manyofbis people to a camp which I had formed for the pur pose of feediuff the starving Indians, preparatory to their icmoval. Another, Eoeah Mathla, is a prisoner in my camp, and f was in full inarch with a force sufficient to have terminated the w-r in five davs, when my progress was arrested l>y au order from Geu. Scott; he has censured me is the most unmeasured and unwarrantable m* 8 * nar, and I shall he compelled to have the whom subject of this campaign investigated- There was force sufficient at Tuskegee. Columbus, or this place, oue week after our arrival, to have put au end to this war. if it had been property used; but it wns thought necessary to adopt a splendid plan of campaign upou paper, and e^erv thing bend to ir- To have waited the de velopments of that plan would have left nothing to defend; bloodshed aud conflagration wou ' have pervaded entire counties of Alabama, not arrested by Gen- Scott. I shall apply 10 *’ e , r8 lieved, for I disapprove entirely the course ne n thought proper to pursue, and believe that his < . lay has been destructive of the best interests 11 the country. Let the President see this letter; he, 1 80 * 6 ‘ will approve the promptness with which I ha acted, wheu he shall ho sensible lhat l b*j® 7 the movement 1 have made, trauquiliz® 1 * whole Alabama frontier. ... - r With my respectful compliments to Mrs- and your family.~ Yours, nra9t truly, , n , rp THOMAS S. JE^rt Francis P. Blair. FLq., Washington City. Endorsement on the back of the idler- Referred to the Secretary of War, that he with order Gen. Scott to this place, i» *j r e ’. an inquiry lie had into the unaccountable « in prosecuting the Creek war, and me the campaign in Florida. Let Geu- >Ks j sumo the command. A ’ Measures aro in progress (says the N- J^ to establish a liuo of Telegraphs from o0- New-York, to extend ultimately to Wasn e Wo have been spoiled by steam; the S P® L | 0 „. cotnotives at 20or 30 miles the hours w -.mje* — satisfy the impatient yuthtisiastu ot