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MACONCEOKGIATEtECRAF \ti r n Shields *T<'i Medical College ui Georgia at A u 8 a ‘ 1,1 » Uiair opinion of thV* 'upeifciriiy of Doctor u . * SippU Hh it la 10 miv u:i)tg else liitlierto ' . the wine purport- avtncu opinion tan be presented f u- -v ary to physicians and others. The opinion m ! »r ii..uer and other physicians in Mat mi who have examined the instrument, accords with that of Doctor Dewees and the Medical College of Georgia. The Instrument is for sale in Macon by the subscriber only, price $5, with printed directions. H. LOOMIS. Sign of the Golden Mortar, Mulberry street. Certificate of Doctor Detects “ Doctor £lijah Pratt: Dear sir—As 1 feel it a mat ter of much public importance to posses* a means at lessening the terrible sufferings of sore nipples, I have much pleasure in being able to say that the " Shield" you oner for the preventing and the cure of this mala dy, is better adapted to ibis purpose than any 1 have heretofore seen. In the two or three instances Ihave known them to be used, much satisfaction has been expressed ; "ini I have no hesitation to believe it will generally succeed. I um so well persuaded of this at this moment, that I cannot forbear to express a wish t hat i nr city through the various apothecaries may lie .unplied with them. I an. yours, Ac. Philadelphia, 13thjan. 1834. Wu. P. Ditwrrs.” ”"«/f jfilS,.79EMf7.tS, Ml. A FRCSH SUPPLY'just received by J. H. «* W. S. EULIS, Macouic II ill. Cotton Avenue, among which are the following PATENT MEDICINES, Ac. Lees’ pills. Compt ri’d ex’t Piuk Hoot Opodeldoc, by ti. W. Carpenter. Chapman’s anti-dyspeptic Dalny’s carminative. do Pills, Peters’ do Hunters’ pills, I lonpers’s do Aiid.-rsou’s do British oil, Uutuinau’s drops, Thompson’s _ye water, Godfrey’s cordial, Salts lemon, Worm tea, effervescing magnesia, Botanical drops. Swuim’s Panacea, Indian’s do Ess Iceland Moss, Cough Mixture, fluid ext sarsaparilla, Syr Liverwort, Comp sarsap. copivi Bleaching Liquid, Mead’s Pills, Issue plaistejs, Elixer life, Giuger beer powders. Medicated Oil silk. Digestive I’.lixer, Pile remedy. Chlorine tor tli wash. Bay rum, Balsam honey. Cough Lozenges, Extract coffee. Cullen’s liquid magnesia. Potter’s catholic'll, Rowan's Tonic Mixture. Kelfes Vcgetahh specific. Oil Wormseed. Kxt Buchii, cubebs «fc Kxt. Boneset, Tonic Extract. PEBFUHEKY A BRUSHES, Ac Hair Powder, Aluioud paste Pearl do Ground paint' brushes, Rouge, do sash Milk of Roses, Oval Varnish Cold cream, Camel hair Cream Almonds. Badger’s hair Florida water, various sizes Graining do do do Cologne do Lavender do Rose do Bears' oil, Ward's hair oil, Marrow Pomatum, Orauge Flower Water. Macassar oil, Spirit of Rose Camphor soap, Musk do Emollient do Windsor do do do Browc Wash Balls, Curling fluid, Antique oil, do Flesh do Horse do Hair Nail Comb Tooth do Cloth Scrubbiug Shoe do do do do do do uss’d do , do do do do do silver wire, do do do Pa’ent feather Brooms, do do Dusters, do do Brushes, Fitch Tools, Counter Brushes, Hat do Crumb do Lip Salve, (Persiau tJtto Shaving do Rose,) Shaving oil. Tooth powder, (superior) Powder Puffs and boxes. Erosive do Preston salts, Extract Bergamot,. Smelling bottles, do Rose, Tapers, do Musk, Dutch cologne, Honey Water, Atkinson’s Depilatory. Shaving cakes, SURRICAL INSTRUMENTS, Ac. ■ Amputating cases, Cupping glasses, Trepanning instruments,' do do with air Dissecting do pumps, Pocket cases, Gum elastic catheters. Spring Lancets, Silver do Evans’ thumb do Seten Needles. Dentists’ cases, Spring lancet blades Teeth keys. Tooth claws, do do (moveable bat- Gum Lancets, tons. Medical spoons, •Scarificators, Scales and Weights. Abscess Lancets. Teeth Fiies. Tourniquets. The subscribers intend keeping a full assortment ol DRUGS. MEDICINES, PAINTS. OILS, SHOP FURNITURE, Ac. consisting of all articles in the line necessary for the supply of physicians. Plam-itions ur Families They will be supplied with the best that ait ie selected out of tlie New-Y’orkand Philadelphia inaiki l.- Order-- from Merchants *»i Physicians, will ret eive promo'- att -rriou. Jen 2. 31 J. H. &. XV S. FA LIS oars store. F-SJA—i E . : v; u-r* have resumed the Ifrne Jt Hum; ‘tr.sd, at their old stand, formerly Ki ll-, Sh^tvrell & Co. lately occupied by .Mr Win G. .'ir era, opposite the Central Hotel, under the firm of H. &. J. SHOT WELL, r e itrnd keeping a very general assortment of peculiar to their line of business, together with a great variety of miseelinueons articles that maybe hi han’t -o i t? found elsewhere. Their Stock is now vet y having received by late arrivals nearly all t.Vtr Fall and winter supplies, a general enumera tion of which could not he given in au advertisement, ♦jutne of the A nicies received are, (Drags A Medicines,) Rochelle Salt*. Ilelleh ire, Iceland Moss. Flos 11 m- tfniiie. J-miper Berries, Lapis Calamiiiari*, Henry’s Magnesia, Mndder. Mace, Oyonne Pepper, Black l’ , ; p Alspiee. Hemlock Bark, Bayberrydo,.Poplar i|o t: I'lamon do, Golden Seal, Sumac, Sem. Anisi. \qiiu inion i F F F, Sulph Quinine, Sago, Gum 'ittint Indian Turnip, Skunk Cabbage, Hops, Pep- .•■miint Lozenges. Oil Sjiruce, Acidulated Lemon . >n. ■. Coriander Seed. C. P. Castor Oil, Cori Au- r.i*i', ( herrytrue Hark, White Vitriol, Muriatic Acid, Pink loot. Gum .Myrrh, Seed l.nf, Seneka oil, Lob- •■L'i. •’ emo’.i Balm, Sweet Balm, i.xt Colocynth, Pul. win ’.i.piic. .Ground Race Ginger. Balsam Fir, Pearl Bariev, tvf.iicd Borax, Bole Armenian. Cera Alba. I.itimr (".rustic. Cloves, Prepared Chalk, Cubebs, Cu ts I!. Alba, Rust of Iron, .Sup. Carl*- Soda . Castor. Cai.terns Root. Cowhage. Mnzorion. Sassafras, Bals- am ilonev, Cuuilrer Root. Dragons Blood, Oil Lav ender, l*iii)oii, Bnrgsmot. Ext Burk, <lo f.iverwort, Strirnina, Emetine, Digitalis, Elm Eark, Flos ol El der. Ext Hyoscyaraus, Flax seed, Fowlers Solutio-,, Henbane. fJva Ursi, Camphor, Kino, Scammony Aleppo, Gold Thread, Hyuriodntc Potass, Mustard Seed. Spts Nitre. Oil Wormseed. Croton Oil. Olive Oil, Bismuth, .Oil silk, Sanfords Bark, Tamarinds, Cum Copal, Syrup of Liverwort. Turkey Opium, f.’a t'.aiiilc*, Flowers of (’hamomilc, Oil Pepper mint. lUrmuda Arrow Root, sugar Lead, Refined Li quorice, Ergot, Nttx Vomica, Corrosive sublimate. Aloes, Gum Aritbie. Precipitate, spts Hart-horn, Curb Potass, Alcohol, sartaparilLi, Epsom salts,Niyjp Acid, s VEthar, Alspicc. Pepper, Tar'tarised Antimrm) , A<f-' jvhxlfum, Adhesive Plaster, Acetate of 1‘otasjy Bals- .*■ lirti Co pair a, refined Borax, snake Root, Cubebs, • ‘Rhubarb, Ipecac, setn Carui, fjream Tartar, Nut Gall*, Isinglass, Magnesla^Aiore.nal Oin tine iff, Blue ’* I*ill, snlphnto QiiinifitvOonr-TTe Roses, Black Drop, .Tqiube Paste, sal Ammoniac, Bay ituci, Oil China -.won, Acetate Morphine, sulphite, Comp Ext Buclin, do of Liver Wort, L’xt sarsaparilla, Fxt Pink Root- , N Comp Ext Cnbehs. Pipcriac, Iodine, Butler’s Magne- 'sia. HrgOMtc, Assafa'tida. Nutmegs, Tapioca, M inna, •Oil Rosemary, Canadian Balsam, Fxt Valerian, salt : Deter, Glaubers salts. Concentrated spts Ammonia. JUisccllancotts Kttolwn’s Patent Cocoa, Lucifer Matches, Bar soap, Variegated do, Turpentine, Fino and Coarse sponge, .Cox's Carrying Knives; Clay Pipes, do Glazed, Lamp Glasses, La top Wick, flees Wax, Diamonds, French 'Chalk, Emery coarse and floe, Black sand, Pearlash. Castile soap, Scotch, Rappie and Mucalmy snufl’, »lia muss Boxes, fl.ioey, Glue, Blacking. Lemon syrup, Barbers shaving Cakes, Chloride Lime, Wafers, Ta- Lj®)* Sv-iiug Wax, starch, sand Paper, Indelible Ink, Corks, Cork Wood, Violin*, do strings, Bellows. Ma- Matrhea, Swifts, Bath Brick, shellac. 1 ntenJitig to be permanently engaged in this busin gs* the subscribers will use every exertion it! their power, to reader it worthy the patronage of their old -mid new customers. Orders bv etter will ineet the .same attention os if made in person. HARVEY SHOTWELL, . . JACOB SHOTWELL. J-iinting of every description carried on by .Hacon Jan, 14. 29 H. & J. SHOTWELL. From the Ohio State Journal. Thu P inter’s Epitaph. Here lies hi* form in pi, Beneath this bank with briars overgrown, How many characters, as worthless, lie . ’NeatJi some imposing stone! Nor column points our loss; Nor glaring tups invite us from afar; Although he lived a foli’wer of the cross. And member of the bar, ’Tis whisper’d through the street— For slander’s tangs our purest men assail— That every time he'd print a holy sheet, He pull'd the deed's tail. The Funderaoniaii king Gave him due rev’rcnce, but a monk or friar. Would check flic melody he used to siug, When busy with his quirt. The golden rule he prized, And left it as a token of nis love; And all hi* deeds, corrected and revised, Arc register'd above. Though now in death’s em-brace, A mouldering heap our luckless brother lies; lie’ll re-amiear on Gabriel’* royal chase. And frisk it to the skies. The President’s ihessage. I 'dloic-Cittizens of the Senate, ami House oj Jicprcsentatites, Aihlicssiug to you ibe Iasi annual nus-ag. I shall ev< r present »o the t ougress of the CJni'eF Males, it is a source of tbe most heartfe*! satis faction to no able to congratulate you on the high state of prosperity which our lietoved i-ouu- tiy has attained ; with uo cause* at home or broad to iesscu the confidence with whi. h we look to the furture lor continuing proofs of tin capacity of our free institutions to produce all ihefiuits ol good Goveruiueu’. tbe gineral c«u- nitiou of our affairs may well excite our latioii ul pride. 1 cannot avoid congratulating you and my country, particularly, on the success of the ef forts made during my administration by the Kx ecuiivi- and I.gisiature, in conformity with tin siueere. consta t au<i earnest desire of the peo ple. to maintain peace, and establish cordial re iations with all fueign power*. Our gratitude ■s duo to ihe Supreme Ruler of ibe Uuiver lid * invite you to unite wall me in offering Hun fervent supplication, that his providential care may ever be extended to those who follow us, cnnbhug them to avoid the daugers ami the horrors ol war. consistently wi'h a just and im is peusibie regard to the rights and honors of our couulry. But. aithougn tbe present state of our fort igu affairs, stamnug, without importatn change, as they did when you seperated in July last, is flattering in ibe extreme, I regret to s-y that many questions of an interesting character ai issue with oilier powers, are y<:t uuadjusted.— Among ihe most prominent of these is that of our Northeastern B»uuoaiy. \\ ith an uudimiu- islicd confidence iu the stucere ttesire of hi* Bri taunic Majesty’s Government to adjust that qnc» lion. 1 am not yet m possession of the precise grounds upon which it proposes a satisfactory ad justment. With France our .diplomatic relations h ve been resinned, aud under circumstances which attest tin disposition of both Governments to preserve a mutu.Fly beneficial intercourse and foster those aintca de feelings which are so strong ly required, by tbe true interests ol the two enun- irie>. With Russia, Austria. Prussia Maples sw?deu, and Denmark, the best understanding exist-,ami our commercial intercourse is gradu - y exnamiiug itself with them. It is eueour-geu in ail these countries, except Naples, by their mu tually advantageous liberal jreaty siipulatnms with us. Tbe claims of our citizeusoo Portugal are ad mitted to be just, hut provisions for the imyineui of them has been uiiioritinately delayed by fre quent political changes in that ki gdnm The blessings of peace have not been secured oy Spain. Our counectious with that count y are on tbe best footing with tbe exception of th! burdens still imposed upon our commerce with her possessions out of Europe. The claims of American cilizeus for losses su*- tsiuci •:! the bombardment ol Antwerp have been presented to the Guvcrumeitis of Holland aud Belgium aud will be pressed iu due season, to settlement, Willi Brazil, and all our neighbors, of this continent, we continue to maim ia relations ol amity mid concord, exteudiug our commerce with tbciti as far as the resources of thr people and the policy of tileir Governments will periu.l Tht just nod long siuuding claims of our citizens upon some of them, are yet sources of dissatifac tiuu and complaint. No danger is Uppteitetuieil, however, thm tb y will not be peaceably, al though tardily, nckuoiv!edge,i and paid by all. unless the irritating effect of her struggle wi*h Fexa* should uulortutiitely in ike our immediate neighbor, Mexico, >n exception It is already kiiowu to you, by tbe corrcspon dunce between tbe tivo Government* cummu united at your Ust se-siou, that our conduct m relation to that struggle, is regulated by tlv same piincip e* that governed u* ia • ae dispute i*> iwcen Spain and Mexico iierseif. auo, i nust, that it will he «ouud. on the most severe scrutiny, that oar acts have strictly? corresponded with nil professions. Tint the inhabitants of the United •Slates should feel strong prepossessions for ib<’ one parly, is not suprisiug, But this nr, um stance should, ul itself, teach u- great can tiou, lest it lead us into the great error f suffer ing public podey to be regulated hy p irtialitv or prejudice; aud there are considerations o.uuec led'wilh the possible result of this contest between tbe two parties, of so much delicacy and impor liince to thr United Males, that our chancier ;: quires that we should oeiiheraitlieipate events nor attempt :o control thiiin- The know n desire of the Tcxiaus to become a part u f our system, although ns gratification depends upon tbereeou- cileiiuul of various and conflicting inteiest, n* cessuiily a nurxcl Uuiejand uncertain iu itself, is calculated to expose out couduct to misconstruc tion, iu the eyes of the world. There are alrea dy those wno, mdiffereot to principle themselves, and prune to suspect tic: want of it in oilier*, chargi* ns wmi ambitious designs inll iusidiuu policy,**'You will perceive, by ib«acc"top'iu)ing tincumeuls. that the extraordinary imssmu from Menco has been lermiuited, outlie sole grihmd that tbe oblig itiqus of this Government tuYseif ud to Mexico, under treaty stipulation*, b ve compelled me to trust udiscrettounry authority 0 a high '.flicer of our army, to ad.vaute into cr ritory cl; imed as part of IV.xa-, if uecessary to protect our on n or tiie neighboring frontier, from ludiau dcpre.iaiiou. Iu tiie opinion of ihe Alex lean functionary, who has jus left us, to, honor ol hi- couulry will he wouu. ed by Amen can soldiers entering, with the most amicable . vowed purposes, upou ground from u hi) b the followers of his Government have m e:, expelled, and over which there i* at present uo ce<taimy of a serious effort on its pan heiug mane to re establish its doininiou. The depaiture of.his Miuisier was the more siugulur, a* he was ap prised ihal the sufficiency oi the cause* assigued fur the advance of our lioop* hy the command- tug Geucral, bad be.u seriously doubted by me; and that there was every reason tv suppose that the Hoops rfibo United States—their comroaud er having had tpne to asceilain the truth or false hood ol information upou which they bait been marched to Nacogdoches—would be either there, iu perfect accordance with the principles admit ted to be just, iu his conference with the Secre tary of State, by the Mexu.auMiuister himself, or 'were, already withuratvn. iu consequence .of the impressive warnings their cojamaudtug officer had iecoived from the Department of War- i* hoped aud believed mat nis Goverumeui will take a more dispa sinuate aud just view ut .hi* subject! and not be disposed to construe a mea— ure ol justifiable prer utiou, made uecessary b, its inability, iu execution ol the stipul lions of our treaty, to act upou the frontier, iuto au eu croachmeut upon its rights, or a stain upou iis x honor. Iu tbe mean time, tbo ancieu' complaint* ol in justice, made ou behalf of our ciuzeus, are disre garded. and new causes of dissatisfaction have a- nseu, some of them of a character requiring prompt reinoustrauce. aud ample aud imine^iatc redress. 1 trust, however, by teinperim: firmness with courtesy, aud acting with great lorbearat;ce upon every incident that has uccurred, or that may happen, to do aud to obiaiu justice, aud Thus avoid the necessity of again bringing this subject to the view of Congress. It is my duty to remind you- that uo provision has be u made to execute our treaty with M<z>- co for tracing the houu ary hue between the nvo conutries. \Y butevc r may be the prospect of Mex ico beiug soon able to execute the treaty, ou its par', it is pro|»er that we suould he, in anticipa tion. prepared at all runes to perform our obii^a- itons. without regard to tbe probable condition of those with whom we have contracted them. The resuli of the confidential inquiries made inio the coudiiiou »ud prospect* of the newly declared Texiau Government, w ill be coniiuu uicated to yon iu the course of the session. Commercial treaties, promising great advan tages .o out enterprising merchants aud uaviga tors* have been termed with the distant Goven. men's of Muscat and riiam. Tbe ratifications have beeu "X' hauged, but have not reached thi Dap rtmeut of State , copies ol she treaties hi: be transmitted, to you, it received before, or pun lisheu,if arriving after, tiie close ol the present session ol Congress Nothing lias occurred to interrupt the good uudcrsi tiding Ilia' has long existed wuli'he Bar har\ Power*, nor to check the good will which is gradually growing up ill oue intercourse w ith till dimiit.tntis of too Government of the dis in guislied < htef of the Ottoman Empire. info inalion has bceu received at the Depart ment of f-tate, ihai :»treaty with the Emperor of Morocco has just been negotiated, whi. It 1 hope will be received iu time to be laid befmc 11) Senate pu-viou» to the close of the s ssion. You will percetv f.oui the report of the Secr.-tary of the Fru .sury, that the fiuaucia mean* of I f count!y continue to keep pat e with its improvement in ail other respect*. Tb receipt* iuto the Treasury during i e preseui yea will ainouut to ahoir §4/.(J91 SitS, those Iron custom* lieiug estim.iie i :t $22,523,151 ; those from lauds about $24.0UU.OO(l, :ud the resit: from misceilaueou* sources, i’h. j expeu.iiturcc for all object* during die year, are estimated to zceed $ 12.U«iO.OUO which will leave a bai- acurii) tile i’re-isury 'or public jiurpu^ s. ou i'.n first day o' January next, of about $11.723.9.19 This -um, with exception of five mtlfious will i't transferred t-* the -everal States, iu accordance with the provisions of tbe act regul ting the o» posiles of the public money. The uuexpcuded balances of appropriation. ; the 1st day of January next, are estimated at $14,olKi,t)67. exceeding by $9.U36.0<!2, the mouut which will be let? in 'he 'ieposite haul; subjected to tlledraft ol the Treasurer of <b<Tin ted tit ales, ul.er the coutemplared transfers to the several States are made If. therefore, the venue could be ascertained. We know that they con- H| DIRECT FROM THE ARMY. tribute unequally, and 4 rule therefore, that would dis- j We are indebted to the politness of Air. Walker, for tribute to them equally, would be liable to all the objec-! the following extracts frpm a letter, dated on the W ithj tious which apply tome principle of an equal division Jacoochee, Nov, molr.t f Aiitinen I f^rW01*>ITrtPTlt fill* of property. * fo make the General Government the instrument of carrying this odious principle into effect, would be at once to destroy the means ol its usefulness and change the character designed for it by the fram er* of die Constitution. But the more extended and injurious consequences likely to result from a policy which would collect a sur plus revenue for the purpose of distributing it, may be forcibly illustrated by an examination of the effects al ready produced by the present deposite act. This act, although certainly designed to secure the safe keeping of tbe public revenue, is not entirely free in its tenden cies from many of the objections which apply to this principle of distribution. The Government had, with out nedbssity, received from the people a large surplus 15th. I recrossed the river yesterday evening from the famed core of the Withlaroochee. The enemy has a- bandoned his strong bold, crossing the river to this side and retreating as far as the trails have been followed, to the east, most probably, to the Ocklawahaw swamp, lying between the river of that name and the tit. Johns. To day we march in pursuit, sending the Indian force with a detachment of the Florida mounted men aud Regulars, on the other side, while I advanced on this with the Tennessee Brigade, and a small detachment of Regulars and Florida Militia. I am in hopes we shall overtake them, through we inay have a long chase. I believe they will never fight again if they can a- ▼oid it. They have abandoned two of the strongest which, instead of being employed as heretofore, and ; natural positions 1 have ever seen, which might be de- retumed to them by means of the public expenditure, ] fended by three hundred men against as manv thou- was deposited with sundry banks. The Banks pro- 1 atirnls. the cove is a remarkable situation. It is for- future receipts should not be suffii ieiit to me t these outstaudmg and futuie, appropriation*, there may be a«ou a necessity to use n portion of the tends deposited v iib il ■ Slates. The consequences apprehended when the deposite act of the last ssssion rece ved a reluctant approval, have been measurably realized. Though an act mere ly for tbe deposite of tb- surplus moneys of the United States iu tiie state Treasuries, for sate keeping, until they may be wanted lor uie service of ti.e General Government, it lias been extensively spoken of us an act to give the money to the several State.*, and they hare been advised to use it as a gift,.without regard to the means of refunding it when called for. Such a suggestion has doubtless been made without a due con sideration of tiie obligation of the deposite act, and withuut a proper attention to flic various principles and interest- '■inch are affected by it. It is manifest that tin- law itself cannot sanction sucit a suggestion, and that .i* it now stand*, the titates have no more author ity tijreccive and use die deposite* without intending to return them, than uny deposite bank, or any indi vidual temporarily charged with the safe keeping or ceeded to make loans on tins surplus, aud thus convert ed it into banking capital; aud in this manner it has tended to multiply bunk charters, and has had a great agenc v in producing a spirit of wild speculation. The possessii n and use of the property out of which this surplus was created, belong to the people; but the Go vernment has transferred its possession to incorporated i banks, whose interest and effort it is to make large pro fits out of its use. This process need only be stated to show its injustice and bud policy. And the same observations apply to the influence wbicii is produced by the steps necessary to collect, as well ns to distribute suck a revenue. About three-fifths of all the duties ou imports are paid in the city of New York, but it is obvious that die means lo pay those du ties ure drawn from every ritate in the Union. Every citizen in eveiy State who purchase* and consume* an article which has paid duty at d:al pert, contributes to the accumulating mass. The surplus collecten Jiere, must therefore be made up of moneys or property with drawn from ot er point* end other States. Thus the wealth and business of every region lrom which these surplus funds proceed, niust'b'* to -oine extent injured, while diat of the place where the funds are concentra ted, and are employed in banking, arc proportionably extended. But both in making the transfer of the funds which are first necessary to pay the duties and collect the surplus.—and in making the transfer, which be comes necessary when die time arrives for the distribu tion of that surplus—there is a considerable period when the funds cannot be brought into use: arid it is manifest dial, besides the loss inevitable from such an operation, its tendency is to prodnee fluctuations iu the business of the country, which are always pro ductive of speculation, and detrimental to die interests of regular trade. Argument can scarcely bo necessa ry to show that a measure ol diis character ought not to receive lurtlier legislative encouragement. By exa inning the practical operation of the ratio for distribution adopted in tiie deposite bill 'ol' the last session, we shall discover odier features equally objec tionable. Let it be assumed fur the sake of argument diat the surplus moneys to be deposited with the States have been collected, and belong to them in the ratio of their federal representative population—an assumption founded upon the fact that any • deficiences in our ill- lure revenue from imposts and public lands must be made up by direct taxes co licted from die States in that ratio. It is proposed to distribute the surplus, say $30,000,000, not according to die ratio in which it has been collected and belong* to the people of the titates, but in that of their votes in the college of Electors ol President and Vice President. • The effect of distribu tion upon that ratio is shown by the annexed tabic marked A. By an examination of fl at table it will be perceived du t in a distribution of a surplus of $30,000,000 upod diat basis, there is a great departure from the principle which regards representation as die true measure of taxation; and it will be found that the tendency ol dial departure will be to increase whatever inequalities have been supposed to attend die operations of our Itd- eral system iu respect to it* bearings upon the difl'eren- interests of the Union. In making tiie basis of repre sentation die basis of taxation, the framers of the Con stitution intended to equalize the burdens which are ne cessary to support the Government: and the adoption of that ratio, while it accomplished this object, was also the means of adjusting other great topics arising out of the conflicting views respecting the political equality of the various members of the confederacy. Whatev er therefore disturbs the liberal spirit of the compro mises which established a rule of taxation so just and equitable, and wliich experience has pi oved to be so well adapted to the genius and habits of our people, should be received with the greatest caution and dis trust. A bare inspection, in tbe auuexed table, of the iiffi-renre produced by .the ratio used in the depos ite act. compared with the results of a distribution according to ihe ratio ofdirect taxation must sa tisfy every unprejudiced mind, that the former atio contravenes the spirit of the Constitution, aid produces a degree of injustice in the opera- ion* of the Federal Government which would be fatal to tbe hope of perpetuatiug it By the ratio of dir.ee: taxation.for example, the application of tiie public money, would now have-for i , n . ,V i • J convertin'; die same- to their nrivute use. without the Delaware, to tbo collection of $30,000,- convcrtiiig die same to their private use, without Uv conseut and against the will ol the Government. But independently of the violation of public fa th and mo ral obligation which are involved iu this suggestion, when examined in reference to the terms of the pres- sent deposite act, it is believed that tiie considerations which should govern the lutura legislation of Congress on tins subject, will be equally conclusive against die adoption ot any measure recognizing the principles on wuich tiie suggestion has been made. Considering tiie intimate connection of the subject widi die financial interests of tiie country, and its great importance in whatever aspect it may be viewed, I have bestowed upon it my most ai-xious reflection, and feel it to be my duty to state to Congress such thoughts as have -ccurred :o me, to aid their delibera tion in treating it in the manner best calculated to cou- duce to tii e common good. The experience of other nations admonished us to hasten tiie extinguishment of the public debt. But it will be in vain that We have congratulated e;iclt other upon the disappearance of liiia evil, if ivc do not guard against the equally great one of promoting tile unne cessary accumulation of public revenue. No politic.J maxim i* better established than mat which tolls us that an improvident expenditure of money is th a parent oi' profligacy, and that no people can hope lo perpetuate tileir liberties who long acquiesce in :i policy wliich taxes them for objects not necessary to the legitimate and real wants of their Government Flattering as is the condition of our country at Uie present period, be cause of its unexampled advance in all the stens of so cial and political improvement, it cannot be disguised that there is a lurking danger already apparent in die neglect of this warning truth, and that the time has ar rived wlieu the representatives of the people should be employed in devising some more appropriate remedy than now exists, to avert it. Under our present revenue svstem, there is every probability that there will continue to be a surplus be yond' the wants ot the Government; and it has become our duty to decide whether sucii a result he consistent with Uie true object* of our Government. Shuu Id a surplus be permuted to accumulate beyond the appropriation*, it must be retained in the Treasury as it now is, or distributed among the people or the U00 of revenue would pay iuto the Trasury $188,716- aud in a distribution of $30,000,090, she would g receivo back from rhe Govrremeui according to tbe .ratio of tbe deposit bill, the sum of $306,122; aud similar vosulis would follow tin comparison between the small and large States throughout the Union: thus realizing to the small State uu ad-vantage which would doubtless he as unacceptable them as a motive for iururporat ing the principle iu any system whirl] would produce it, as it would he inconsistent with the' right aud expectation of the large States. It was certainly the iuiemion of that provision of the Constitution which declares that “ail duties, imposts ajid excises” shall bp “uniform throughout the United States.” to make the bur dens of taxa tion fall equally upon the people iu whatever, State of the Uniou they may reside.— Hitt what would be the value of such an uniform rnle if the moneys raised by it could he immedi ately returned by a different one whieh will give o the people of some States much more, aud to those of others much less than their fair proper iimi ? Were the Federal Government to exeinnt To retain it in the Treasury'ti'ieinploycdin arijfivayr is impracticable; It is, iiesiaes, against the genius of our free mstiti'U on* to lock Ujrin vaults tiie treasure of the nation: Ttr inks from the people the 'right of bear ing arm-, and put their weajron* ot defence iu die bands :of a standing nruiy. would be scarcely more dangerous to tlieir iiherties tliun to permit the Government to ac cumulate immense amounts of treasure l^-yond the supplies necessary to it* wants. Such a treasure would dpubtlc.ss be employed, at sente tune, as it hat been in other youutracs, when opportunity tempted ambition/ To collect it merely lor distribution to the States, would seem to be highly i.-n/Hililic, if not as dangerous as to retain it in the Treasury- The shortest reflection must satisfy every one tear io,squire the people to pay taxes to die Government tut rely that taey may be paid back again, is spurting with th.v substantial interest of (he country, and no system W liich produces such a re sult can be expected to receive me public couutenauce. Nothing could be gained liy it, even if each individual who contributed'ii poi lion of .die tax, could receive back promptly the ,-aiqe portion. But it is apparent that no system of the kind can ev er be euiorccd, which will not absorb a considerable portion of die money to be distributed in salaries and comm issions to the agent* employed in the process, and iu tilt' various io . es and depreciations winch arise lrum otht r causes: and ihe practical effect of such au attempt mt 1st ever be to bnr- deu flic people wiiu taxes,,not tor purpose* beneficial to them, but to swell die profits, of dep osite banks, and support a baud of useless public o die era. A distribution to the people is impracticable and uu- j ust in other respect*. It would he taking one man’s tuiM ! AVer© the Federal Government to exempt, iu express terms, tbe imports, products and man ufarture* of some portions of the country IV"n al‘ duties, while it imposed heavy one, on otli-rs. the injustice could not be greater. It would he easy to show how, hj ihe opera lion ofsnch a priuciple, the large State* of the F nion would not only have to <outril>u>e theirju share towards the support of the Fedi tal Govern ment but also have to bear, in some degree, tin taxes necessary to support the g -vertni.ieu; of ih< ir smaller sisters : hut it is neem -d iiutie< e*sarv to state ibedetaiis where me general principle is so obvious. A system liabje to such objections never be supposed to have been sanctioned by the fra- merg ol the Gou*:itution. when tii-y .Conferred ju i'eugrost the taxing power; and I fee! per suaded that a ni.iline examination of tee subj . ' will sati-1} everyone that there are iusui'uibuni able difficulties iu the operation of any plan which can bo devised of collecting eveime on. to distribute it. Gougress is only amh<iri*ed to levy taxes to "p ig the debts and provide fur thr common defence and gc.it rat tcelfire of the Unit'd States." There is uo such provision as would authorise Cougres* »o collect tugolhei ill prun erty of the country under tbo uauieuf revenue, fur the pu*pose of dividing' it equally or uuequal- ly among the .'iiqte* or the people. Indeed, it is not probable that such nil idea ever occurred to the .State* when they adopted the Constitufou. But how ever this may be. the only sale rule for us in interpreting the powers granted to tbe Fed eral Government, is to regard the. th* uceof e- - press authority to touch a subject so ituporiaut and delicate tis this is, as equivalent to a prohibi tion. •(To he continued J med by an extensive curve in the river, which is Cov ered on the south by a continuation of impassable swamps and savannahs, except at one point, where it may be entered. On that part covered by the river there is but one place where a horse can cross at any stage of the water; it is about 200 yards wide, and e- ven at this time when the river is unusally low ; it is deep fording every where—it is not swimming, and when we approached it before it was swimming from bank to bank, and there was not 50 horses in the whole brigade w^ich could have carried their riders over.— Had they maintained flic ground, a passage could not have been forced by ten times their number. 1 believe they are now completely routed from the Withlacoo- cltce. We have burned their new towns, built this spring and summer, ard better constructed than usual. We have captured a negro,who says there is much di vision among the Indians; many are anxious for peace; among others. Jumper. I do not know that this infor mation can be relied on, blit ifit be true, the war will soon terminate. My health is improving—the weather is fine—the Tennesseeans are in good spirits, and a fair prospect I hope, of doing something. The negro reports that the Indians lost 13 killed in one of the skirmishes near this place, across a stream, where we could learn no thing of their loss. I expect to move to Volusia for my next supplies, where I shall probably be in ten days. We shall hunt the enemy ou the way, and shall not proceed directly.” New Orleans, Nov. 29. Mexico and Texas.—If we are to credit popular ru mor, the parent country has signified her disposition io acknowledge the independence of her refractory daughter. Commissioners have arrived, it is said, in Texas froi Mexico, with full powers to effect the re lease of Santa Anna, lor which purpose they have had a meeting with him, in die presence of General Austin, which was* cry satisfactory to all parties. The follow ing documei t lias been communicated t" us from a most respectable source, and is valuable, as disclosing the secret article* of agreement made between the late President of Texas, Burnet, and General Santa Anna, for the release of the latter. How mr" correspondent came by it we are not informed, b ut his name is a guar antee for its veracity. Antonio Lopez de Santa Alina, Commaader-in- Chief of the army of operations, and President of the Mexican Republic, most solemnly pledges himself be fore the established Government of Texas, to the ful filment of the following articles, as far as he is therein concerned: 1. He shall not take tip arms ; or influence any par ty whatever to take them, against the people of Texas, during the present struggleTor independence. 2. He shall dicate the requisite orders that the Mex ican Troops shall evacuate theTexian territory during the si oriest space of rime. 3. He will prepare matters in the Government of Mexico in such a manner ns to insure the best recep tion to the deputation that is to be sent there by the Government of Texas, so that by means of a negoci- ation. every tiling may be satisfactorily settled, and the independence of Texas at once acknowledged as a- gr.:ed in the present convention. . 4. A treaty of commerce amity and bound; ries shall be entered into between Mexico and Texas but tbe boundaries of ibe latter shall extend beyond the Rio del Norte. 5. The immediate departure of General Santa Anna for Vera Cruz, for the fulfilment of his solemn engage ments ; the Texiau Gover ment shall expedite his voyage without further loss of time. 6. These presents beiug binding on both aides, they shall be signed bv duplicate, and shall remain secreted and sealed until the negotiation shall have been car ried into effect, when thi* document shall be placed in to the bands of General Santa Anna, it being under stood that no use is to be made of it unless there should bean infraction by one of the contracting parties. Antonio Loi-ez de Santa Anna. David G. Burxet, President. T. Collingsworth, Sec. of State. B. Hardeman, Tre*-surer. P. H. Grayson, Attjrnev Genera!. Port of Velasco, May J4, lc?36. From the Boston Post THE YANKEES.' It is not a good principle to enconra*. men in their national self-esteem, which 0 ? the inhabitants of the mother c untiy, i s ’' ing agreeable to foreigners. The ex an French is in this respect, worthy of ou,. ther than that of the English. If you g French, or they come among ourselves. 5 making no disagreeable comparisons manners and institutions and theirs. If ; introduced in conversation, they politely t the advantageous points in our GovenaT* t onal character, and what little they utty j 11 , their own country, is said in such a manne, wound the national pride of the America/ 1 ! Bull, on tiie other hand, cannot encounter | can without getting into an angry dispute uyl bout the comparative merits of their ret ** ernments and people. In this respect J 0 ; Brother Jonathan are just alike. Both possessed ol that national pride which b! remarkable trait, in the character of the ( They are peculiarly disagreeable to one ; two self-conceited coxcombs when they meet,- hate one another worse than thcy' a any other individuals. The modest man can endure the manift.i self-esteem in others, with a great deal more t than a proud man. It is sometimes said t__ ness of the F.nglish and Americans in this”! when compared with the politeness of the Fr a proof of tiie greater sincerity of the fo ro / the same reasons we ought to call all politen^l risy, and all rudeness sincerity. Thisdiffen) n . , rather to be attributed to the greater liben in the French character. The French ha more politeness, but more philosophical flic English and American*. If, instead of imitating France in all her a finements of fashion,us wc are accustomed q national character woud be vastly improved, sent, so fir as we can be said to imitate the Enj the French, we select for our imitation the t ulous points in tlieir national character. The Thames Turnicl.— Al a recent luetiql proprietoJs.it was stateo iliat lie ii(cf,.'| stupendous undertaking was placed t.i jord i The new shield had fully answered itspurpo, had enabled the work to procifd 'ihn iiphs tion of the ground in almost' a fluid slate. I introduction, an additional advame under 1 had been made of sixty feet It w as fioilul tiial the progress of the work was now ccel through good hard ground. Darien, D*J Arritea.—Sclir. George Henry, Bums, CU-; sclir. South Carolina^Stevens, do.; shin I ——, *avannah; sohr. Canton, Rcad.Charle-tn brig Victory, Bourne, New York; sloop Sapclli away, Savannah; sloop Merchant. Laue, it line brig New Jersey, .Matthews, New Y'ork; Macon, Bibbins, do. Sailed.—Sloop Angel, Luec, Savannah; ad Carolina, Stevens, do.; schr. Austin, Bara York. Boat News.—Arrircd.—Steamer Chieftain. Savannah, with tow boat*; steamer Darien mick Macon; boxes 13 & 14, Macon; stes: neer, Goodwin, the Forks; boat 14, Pioneer con; steamer Ocmulgee, Savannah; P. It. V01 boxes 2, 3, <S. 4. Macon ; Ocmulgee S. B. Co'; 8, 9, 10 & 11; Nichols & Deming's boats 1 ledge ville; do. steamer Wave, do. Departed.—Steamer Darien, Burden, Savai oneer, Godwin, do.; steamer Ocmulgee, do. Crockett, Cooly, with boat 14, full cargi steamer Superior with tow boat 4, Maeon; Hickory, Macon; boat Gen Marion, Macon; Chieftain, White, Savannah, with tow boats; l solution, Dublin. tal We are sorry to learn, from a person who Ml pa Bay at the la'est date from that place, t.iat,r time of his departure, Gen. Jessup was sevtri fiieted by a hemorrhage from the lungs. The to of troops at that place amounted to *;x or s;ven j dred men.—-Vat. Int. LATER FROM FRANCE. The Havre Journal du CoAimeree state* that the fate of tiie two remaining prisoners in tiie fortress ut' Ham is at length decided. M. de'Gueruon iianville. according to this journal, has applied Tor the indul gence granted to Messrs. Peyronnet and Chantelauze. 51. do Polignac is to be conducted out of France un der tiie Tull weight of hi* condemnation, and without being released from the effect of the sentence of civil deatii pronounced against him: This measure, which may be called an authorized escape, is said lo have been adopted in consequence of the intercession of Madame de Polignac, backed by that of uie British Ambassador, Lord Granville, on behalf of the ox-inin- ister and favorite of Charles X. NOTICE. A LL those indebted to the city council for Taxes, ire !iereb> notified to pay the same to tile snb- si i 'o.'i on or before the first dav of i.) cemaer i:\t, in deiuuil execution* w ill issue therefor Nov 15 ? 8- C. L1PPI.4.City Treas. Figured Sattins PIECES} riih figured .Snttin* for mdiesfln?. as. Tor sale by CRAFT At Lt! WI * not i0 ti 3d property n, )d giving it to another. 8uch would be tiie ^/"‘4U Pfl8’ CLOTHING, for sale by unavoidable result of a rule of equality (and .joneotii- j M. Nov Z4 •iRAi'T A LL W18 er is spoken ol or would be likely to be adopted) ina*- j Ladies CIO ks, much a* there is uo mode by which the amount gf the d~1LOTH aud Merino Cloaks—worth from $40 :o i individual contributions of our citizens lo the pulflic 1 $50. eorio 6 CBATJ «fc LEW1B. New- York, Dec. 1. From France.—By the Utica, fro 1: Havre, w c Lave received French papers to ihe 24tii Oct. They con tain no intelligence of importance. Wc ciiuex Uie la test markets. HAVRE, Oct. 25.—It is expected generally diat the early shipments of Cotton will leave losses, if paid o- ver 17 cents for the best. The demand for goods hav ing in some measure ceased. leaves the uianuficturers rather crippled, and the raw material is consequently in a drooping state. Should your crop be expected to reach 1,450,000 bales oniy, y< :i must look for very low prices, both here and in England. Money matters be coming worse every day. Mobile. (Ala.) Nov. 2D. Mrs. Barbara Blount Gaines, wife of M.jor Genera! Edmund P. Gaines, died this u< ruing, at the residence of James G. Lyon, : sq. in thi* a ;y. For some lime past she has been in a very low state of health, and at intervals her life has been de:j. a u d of. Gen. Gaines is now in the City. Latest from Smyrna. —By the brig Petunia;:, . ! in: Hitchcock, the Journal of CoM iurc.- In rect: ■. <d Smyrna papers to the ; *t Octc! . r. The health of that city co.-itiu :J goo.!. f:i f'.i;. 1 tinople the plague was manifesting' itsdf v..;h son.e vi olence. It also prevailed at Salonika. The English fleet still remained in the neighbor hood of Smyrna. Mrs. Sarah L. Smith, wife of Rev. F!i Smith, A- merican .Missionary at Beyrout, died at Smyrna, on Sept. 30. Two Greeks were executed at Smyrna, Sept. 28th, having been concerned in the robbery and murder of one of their countrymen. Others were expected to share the same fate" M. Goux, fist lieutenant of the French ship of the line Triton, was'kiiled in a duel on the 22d September by M. de Rosamel, commander of the brig of war Sylph. The Journid de Smyrna, speaking of this e- vent, says: “ And surely these same Turks, whom we do not hesitate to characterize os most ignorant ami bar barous, would be altogether ashamed of a custom which stili retains the ferocity of the middle age, and which is a disgrace to humanity.” > Smyrna. Sept. 30.—We must add another to our cat alogue of crimes or accidents. Tbe Sardinian brig St. Bartholomew, arrived here in distress, a lew day; since, the Captain having intentionally, it is said, *et fire to a barrel of gunpowder, by which the vessel was much damaged, and himself and tiie second in com mand were killed. Constantinople, Sept. 24.—Russia is prosecuting with indefatigable ardor, the war against the indomitable hordes of the Caucasus, who defend their territory inch by inch against the invaders. .More than al00,000 Russian troops are employed in this service, lrom which it is inferred that the campaign will not pass a- way without their gaining some important advantage. A Naval Cour Ma tial has been orderedt| vene at Washington, on Tuesday, the 7th djvtj ceniber inst. for the trial of Lieutenant 8.: ing, and such others as may be brought b Court to consist of Com. Janies Biddle,] Com. G. G. Ridgelv, Capt. J. B. Nicholas, ( A. Parker, Capt."David Connor, Master-Coait E. A. Vallette, Master Commandant J. 11. Lieut. French Forrest, Lieut, italph Voorlitfs.1 Levs; James Dunlap, Lsq. of Georgetown, to bd Advocate. Baltimore, Dcc.j Missouri.—Wc have the St. Louis Bulk 23d of Nov. It states that it has received a “1 the 17tli inst. from Jefferson City, giving the the returns of the election from twei ty-six 1 in this State, which put the Van Buren Tic ahead; and concludes with the remark, than! but little doubt of the ajority exceeding fivt'iot) votes." Legislature of Missouri.—This body usscmU J 21st uli Mr. Jamison, ( V.B.) was elected Speiil tiu House. I The Governor’s Message was not published a:| latest dates. The principal Measures recouime: are the granting of a charter for a 8tate Banka: building of a State House. Philadelphia, Dec - Something Nett.—Early this morning, as seme ti| attendants in the Cemetery of Mr. Ronalds**, 1 about to commence tlieir labors <or the Lay, tiqj served, upon one of tiie trees, within tiie eEcfcl u huge wild Panther, who lay “ hushed in t'-l p sc," among the branches. Awakened^ by tte j proach of some oj the men, for the most ot fii'® ‘ ly kept aloof, the illustrious stranger from the coos glared fiercely at them out of the malicious core.: Ins eye*, until they began to desire themselves at Air. James T. Cops, however, the worthy boste “ Old Lebanon,” accidentally passing that way, a noose of rope, wuich he very adroitly Bung <" neck oi' the ravenous beast, that stood ready it upon him, and brought him >o the groui'd. 1 removed with cousitierable dilhculty, anti has' antly taken Raging* at tne “ Lebanon,” now to be seen, t ire in Sianuigtou, Conn.—On Wednesday er ,.r mo muni.* i.ad finished their work, and R »eov red in the Cooper’s shop, '„ v (uirt, which extended directly ,n ,.s course flu: tavern kept by uiit.i, the large two story dwelling o' ru..,' ull, formerly kept as a hotel, : Mr. Asln Mr. Cheese boro ugli dung oi ' or,sequence, ami Lad no insurance', oi uie property destroyed was insured, creep' Trumbull lire Wa» di PuuiictOR sweeping Cx.6v&oI>»ii Garden 'i 1 rramist's 1 ■ i A "fair business transaction."—It may bercc cd, that Air. Stephens, a jeweller, in Dey strett lately robbed ol $20,000 worth of jewelry, and cd a reward of $4,OOOflbr the recovery ol die p" ty. or §5,000 for the restoration of the l ,r0 I )Cr 'G detection ol tiie robbers. He, however, oca more of the matter until a few nights bark, »» person stopped him in the street, aud told huii, he would call at a certain house, the night al't pay the §4,000, his property would be restored Air. Stephens accordingly went to the append* 1 1 a couple oi* nights since, and paid the ^ iiieii given bach liis §20,0o0 worth ot jewelry. Jour. Com. rather jj Coroner's Inquest.—A11 uiquest was held on the bl.si inst ou bu sy of a man found drowned, it appears that he was one of the hands on Beicher’s box. from Alacou, and had f lieu overboard on tue I3tn inst, it was Kuown that tie was lost then, but hi.* body was n h found until the 21*t. liis uaine was ascertained to be Matthew Hairalt. Verdict, “Accidental Drown ing.” ' *" * MR. VAN BUREN’S CABINET.— ly to talk about fliis but a Washington Lorre-' assures us that the Secretary ol' State, w"' .lives of Virginia, and that Governor .State, will probably come into the W ar Dep Mr. Woodbury, our correspondent thinks 1* ^ member of the present Cabinet who is like y tamed.—Jour. Com. United States' Circuit Coart.—Rupert J- Coc^Jl S. Swartwout, Collector. Tins was ana . ■ cover the amount of certain duties, paid tiff on Coke, whieh he had imported, and® ( the defendant charged the same duty us 1 1 ‘ ^ The plaintiff' contended that it was not 0 ’ residuum or cinder of Coal, and as sucii, [() j| enumerated article in the tariff, and not *u Several dealers in the article, and one or ^ men were examined, to show whai the a ‘ . cl t tlieir evidence left so little doubt on th<* when the case went to the jury, they a 1 , ‘ r ;ajnf ® returned a verdict for the plaintiff, thus d Coke can be imported free of duty.—w- The brig Apthorp, Capt. Gav, fr° m aci'™ at this port 011 Friday last, had on board an j which died the day previous, alter living 7 1 out taking food.— Boston Transcript