Newspaper Page Text
M: A, @ O, N;
COVEKROR’S MrsSACE.
Exxcutjvk D*r ihi ke.vt, Gro. ^
Milledgeville, November Glli, 1838. )
FcUotc-Cilkcns of the Senile,
and House of BeprtsemUtiets, m
i montli of July next, and the remainder liy the end of * On a former occasion, your attention was called to
; Ilia year. " * 1 the importance of reducing tlie Lcgirlative body, nnd
! The entire route for the road to the Tennessee river of equalizing the representation of the people,
has heen surveyed. Several new routes of parts of’ The necessity of reforming the Constitution in these
. . : the road which Imd been located, have also been; particulars, has become more pressing front the re-
I congratulate you upon the successful removal of; surveyed in order to satisfy the demands ofditfercnt tuovnl ofthe Indians, and the great increase of the
the Cli roUcesfroin the Stute; that you will no longer ! sections of tlie country, end to ensure the best 1 oca-
bo barreled in your legislative nmecediuga by the ; lion.
perplexing relations which have hitherto existedbe- i The length of the road from it* soutliern termination
tween tiiein, the United States, and Georgia; that our! to the Tennessee river will On one huudred nnd
citizens arc at last in the qnict possession nf nil tliciy ! thirty-four miles, nnd its cost, according to the estimate
I mils; and the State the undisputed sovcreigiijwithiu
Iter own territory.
Immediately upon coming into office, a corrcspon-
of tlie chief Engineer, (exclusive _ of the right of way,
nnd of the services of the commissioners,) about two
million* five huudred and eighty thousand dollars.
denr.c nil entered into with intelligent person* in The survey nnd location have cost about fifty-one
different parts of the Cherokee country for the pur-! thousand dollars.
pose of ascertaining the temper nnd designs of the 1 The chief Engineer is of the opinion that the cost of
the road wl!! ho less than any other Rail-Road in the
United States, constructed In the same manner, and
on an equal scale.
Indians, anil the extent of the danger to bo apprehen
ded from them, nnd with the Secretary of War, and
Col. I,inJs.<y, (then commanding in the Cherokee
country.) as to Iho forco which should be provided to
give security to our citizen*. Enquiry was uwdo into commissioner* in conjunction with thelGoveriior, to
the Conduct of the agents who had been appointed to ! sell a State stock, to raise funds for carryiug on the
protect thc^ rights of the Indians. It having been const ruction of the road, one hundred thousand pounds
been scattered over tin* country during the
Creek, and Cherukco contpaigus of 1S.I6,
population of the State. The apportionment when
made according to the census which has jnst been
taken, will add greatly to the number of the men* bers
of the Legislature. This enlargement of the Legis
lative body must lessen its responsibility, enhance the '
public expense, render its deliberations more tumul
tuous. and increase the uncertaiuly of determinations.
The great vnriety of sectional and local interests ex
isting in qur extensive territory, tender it just to the
whole and each part, that the representation of the
people should be made equal. Ilut it is especially
important, that the Senate should be constituted dif
ferently from the House of Representatives, and that
it should be a smaller, utorc select and stable body
In pursuance of the law, authorizing the ufovd of than at prff?*?-•• . . .. „ .
— i * •- *-• -■ if jin* —noosed amendments Of tint Constitution
limnd that this ttu.it, important both for the character
nnd peace* of the country had no; been discharged at
a'l by som,;, and abuses by others, nnd that considerable
irritation imd already been excited by trespasses upon
the property of tlio Indians, and by the unauthorized
interference c*f_ the .officers of the United States iu
assuming the right in adjust them; measures were
taken to control this improper conduct of the officers,
and respectable agent* were appointed to take care
th.it wrong* done to the Indians should be properly
redressed. •
It was considered highly important not only to
secure the pcoplo against actual danger, but to create
among them such confidence in their safety ns to pre
vent the panics from idle rumors, to which those who
nre exposed at all to attacks from Indians ate peculi
arly subject.
The imlilit of the Chorokec'country having been
disorganized by the withdrawal of a considerable part
*>f*W force to Florida, ordets were given nud repeat-
••■fly wiCirMil ujioo ti,c otUecrs to perfect their
commands.
A regiment composed of one company of mounted
infantry in each of the Cherokee counties, was formed
and armed in pursuance of the act passed at your last
session.
Upon lira urgent request of this tfepartmeat ten
volunteer companies of mounted men, of tlie militia
of the State, were taken into the service of the United
States, nod stationed near the large Indian settlements
iu fortified positions, as assembling places for the
psoide in cases of alarm, und to coutrol the couduct
of the InJians.
When the requisition was made by the authority of
the President ol the United States, for twonty compa
nies of tiro militia ol the stntc. to lie employed in
enforcing the execution of the Cherokee treaty, or
der# were immediately sent by expresses to the
c sminandiiig officers ol the twenty regiments, nearest
to the Cherokee country, to raise one company from
each; have then organized, and marched without delay
to New Echolu, the place appointed f« r their rendez-
vons. Upon General Scott's arrival nt that place on
the evening of the tweuty-third of May, lie foil ud an
army of Georgia militia, armed aud ready to execute
liis commands.
. V" , { l ° ~ ~‘J °f May, the day before expiration of the
time when Iho Cherokee* were to havo completed
their removal from the State, according to the treaty,
the President laid before Congress tlie terms of a new
contract, with the Chiefs of die tribe, by which he
nsstiredlhcm that they should bo allowed two years
to remain in the State, if that length of time should be
found necessary for their comfort and convenience,
that they should emigrate themselves if they desired it,
'hat die Government would protect their persons and
properly fiom nil illegal acts .of encroachment nnd
violence, and that instructions should be sent to the
commanding General, to net in conformity widt these
assurances. Fortunately fur iho country, our people,
nud the Indians, the dreadful accuse of strife and
massacre which this conduct of the President was
calculated to produce, were prevented by the prompt
ness and energy of General Scott and the Georgia
troops; all difficulty in removing the Indians having
been overcome, General Scott left the State before he
received die instructions issued in pursuance of the
proposals of die President to the Cherokee Chiefs.
No troops were. employed but the militia of the j
State in removiug the Indians. The State is greatiy
indebted to them, General Scott and General Floy if,
both for die efficiency of their services and the univer
sal kindness with, which the Indians were treated.
The accompanying,document "/ill show die couftc
piirsii«J by the. Executive Department U|»oii this
subject.
About die lost of May, a body ollod'ians from Flori
da, look refuse in die Ukefiuokc Swamp. Directions
were immediately given to the commanding officers
of the inilitiR of Camden and Ware Counties, to call
out-tbc whole or such portions of their commands as
they might consider necessary fur the defence of die
inhabitants.
The President was informed at die same time of this
invasion of the Stale by Indians, nnd requested to
order to that part of die country, a competent force
to repel them. The scarcity and high price of pro
visions. the spxreness of the* population i.t die unigh-
bnrhood of the Ukefinokc, and the want of an appro
priation of money by die Stale fur that purpose,
rendered it very difficult to keep die militia in the field.
Under them circumstances, frequent applications
were made to, the President nnd Secretary of War, to
direct sNpplies to be furnished, so as to enable the
militia to net efficiently ill affording protection to the
people until the United States troops should supply
their place. Tho Department was answered that the
Uuitcd Slates had no Quarter Master or Commissary,
who could be spared to jierfonn this service.
As soon as information was received that General
Taylor had sent troops to the neighborhood of the
Okcfinoke, orders were issued to discharge the militia.
This was dooc witli less hesitation, from tho confi
dence which was Imd in the vigilance and ability of
General Taylor, and the information which had been
previously received from tins most respectable sour
ces thr.t the Indians were very few in numbers and
had made no attacks upon the inhabitants. Immedi
ately nfter Gen Taylor had stationed his troops around
the Okefiuoke, and before the discharge of the militia,
eight or nine persons, mostly women and children,
were horribly massacred by the Indians in the imme
diate vicinity of die atation'of a company of the United
States dragoons, and not very distant from a consider
able militia force under the command ofCol. Hilliard.
Thu alarm produced by this unfortunate event caused
the general abandonment of their homes nnd property
liy the people of that part of t!io country, aud brought
upon them great distress tnd suffering.
Additional troop.' wero taken into the service nnd
nrdsrs given for ruisL’tg * regiment which has been
since organized.aud mustered into the United States
service, and is uow operating under the command of
Gen.' Floyd. It is to be expectedfrom the gallantry
of this officer nud his regiment Umt the savage enemy
will soon be destroyed or diivcti from the „ < ’tn:e.
Application has heen made to the War Department
to pay the militia of Ware and ('nmdon couutics, who
were called out by lira State to repel the iuvKsioir of
the Indians. 1 hare been answered that there arc net
funds subject to the payment or such claims. It will
be pr.ipor, therefore, for the Legislature to make
immediate provision for the payment of tho militia and
for the supplies furnished them so that the accounts
may haloid hufor* Congress for reimbursement.
The snin of one hundred nud forty-nix thousand
three luimh* I and forty-fo ir dollars, eighty five cents
has been paid by the State in the execution oftlic
law of 1833 to provide tor the payment oftlic volun-
sterling of stork have been issued. The President of
the board, ( Mr Crawford,) who was deputed to sell
this stoek, found it unsuitable for the market, in
conscqucnccof tlio form iu which it was issued. Mr
Crawford was, however, enabled to taise three hun
dred thousand dollars, with the promise of an addition
al hundred thousand if it should be wanted, by pledging
n hart of the stuck and agreeing for the Legislature,
that it will at its present session authorize the issuing
ofsuch stock as will suit the European market; that it
shall be offered lor sale to the contractors ns carlv as
the montli of April next; and that the money which
has been adyanced shall be refunded out of the pro
ceeds of the sale. The State is to pay five per cent
interest upon the loan of this three hundred thousand
dollars, from the time (hat the bills drawn by Air
Crawford on the contractors, shall be accepted and
paid in London. The funds thus obtained in New
York have been sold here for a premium of about four
per cent.; so that them* oftlirs* hundred thousand
dollars in Georgia money for one year, has been
procured lor the State, without cost, or not exceeding
one per cent, per annum. The Legislature is reques
ted to make immediate provision for fulfilling this
contract. .
•Means must also he provided during your present
session, for the purchase of the iron railing for the
road. As the State will probably have to rely almost
entirely upon credit for carrying on its works of inter
nal improvement, it would perhaps be good policy
to authorize nt once the sale of stock, sufficient not
only to repay the three hundred thousand dollars
borrowed and lor the purchase of iron railing, but (or
whatever amount may be necessary for the entire
completion of tlie Western ami Atlantic Rail-Road,
and for giving to tlie Rail-Roads which are now pro
gressing by incorporated companies, such assistance
as may be demanded by the public interest.
The great value of our agricultural productions in
Europe, the. freedom of the State from debt; and the
I high credit of our Banking institutions, and mercantile
men, will enable the State to enter the Stock market
with many advantages. The accumulation ofwcaltb
iu Great Britain, and the filling up of all the avenues
of profitable labor and investment, have rendered the
price for the use of money exceedingly cheap there,
wheu compared to iu value here. The extended
commercial connection between Great Britain and the
United States, and the approach which they have
mnde to each other by the late improvetnenU in steam
navigation, have made the surplus money of Great
Britain almost as accessible to us, as iu manufactures
ofiron and cotton. Not is there any stronger objection
to our becoming borrowers of that surplus capital to
add to our means of accumulating wealth, than to our
purchasing iu products when they can be obtained
cheaper than similar productions in our own country.
So long as the use of money is worth eight per ceut.
per annum in this State, it cannot be injurious to the
public interest to bring money from abroad at five per
<ranr. to be employed in constructing works of internal
improvement, whose profits will most probably repay
tlio capital and interest expended upon them in a very
short time, and which might not be executed at all
without thus obtaining the aid of foreign capital.
The risk and delay which must always attend the
Urade tram the Gnlfof Alexico around the peninsula of
Florida with the cities of the Atlantic, and with Eu-
rope.can he best avoided by a line of Rail-Road from
the Chattahoochee river to the Atlantic. Great ad-
vantages would be derived from thus directing this
trade to our seaports, and the course oftravelliug be
tween the South and the North through this State.
Stilt greater advantages may h» anticipated from
completing jbo tVaateru &. Atlantic Rail-Road &. the
Rail-Roads which connect it with our principal cities.
The difficulties which the Alleghany and Blue Ridge
mountains present, to the transportation oftiie vast
productions of the Western and Suuth-Westcrn States
of Indiana, Illinois, Alissouri, Arkansas, Tennessee,
Kentucky, nnJ the upper part of Alabama, to their
markets on the seaboard, can no where bo overcome
with to much esse as through these lines of Rail Rond
It we shall ever succeed to the extent of our wishes,
in enjoying the advantages of direct importations from
Europe, of the proceeds of the sales of our agricultural
productions exported thither, it must be by these facili
ties for transportation bringing snclt an accession of
capital to our cities as to enable tlie southern, south*
western nnd western merchants, to sell what they have
to export, and obtain their supplies of European
goods upon as favorable terms, iu our markets as in
New Yotk. And by.inducing the Northern manufac
turers to seek on exchange of their fitbries. in the same
markets for onr rice and raw cotton, and the'flour and
pork of the West.
1 consider it therefore of the highest importance,
that the State shall proceed with the construction of
the Western and Adantic Rail-Road as rapidly as
possible; aud give such assistance, by the u*e ofits
credit, to the companies now engaged in making tlie
Rail-Roads which form the other portions of the com
munications between onr cities arid the South and
West, as may be necessary for the successful comple
tion oftheir undeitakings.
The appliention of the means of the State to assist
these incorporated companies, is justified from their
success being identified with the public good, and
because the Stale, can obtain money upon credit upon
cheaper terms than companies, whilst the companies
can constrnrt the roads nnd keep them in repair,much
more economically than the public.
In thus supplying the means to chartered companies
to complcto their roads, the use of which is not free
for every one, the Stale should take care, however
tlmt sufficient security is furnished by the improve-
uieiits themselves, for the repayment of the money
advanced.
lbe Iliwaxsee Rail-Road Company in Tennessee,
are constructing a road from Knoxville to Red Cby
on the line of this State, and about fifteen miles from
the line of the Western and Atlantic Rail-Road.. It
will add greatly to the trade and travelling which will-
pass over the Western and Atlantic Rail-Road to he
connected with this road when completed. The Hi-
wnssce company have met with difficulties in procuring
tlie means of enrrying on their road, which will prob
ably he ovcrcoino by the Legislature giving an assur
ance that this State will proceed to make the branch
road to connect the two roads together, whenever the
-Hiwassee company shall have so far progressed, as to
render it certain that their road will be completed. I
would, therefore, recommend to tlie Legislature to
pass a resolution giving such assurance.
In pursuance of the resolution passed at your last
session, at. agent was sent to negotiate with the Legis
lature of the i^tafe of Tennessee for the right of way
fur the Western and Atlantic Rail-Road from the line
of this State to the Tennessee River. He succeeded
would tend te secure a wisC ? n M j , .t*tjMtninislra!V ,n
public affairs, it is due to the community and to !•!?
principles upon which our Goverumeut is founded,
(the capacity of the people to govern themselves) that
they should be made.
The resolution passed at your last session, authori
zing tiiis Department to employ a competent En
gineer to smvey the Cattahoncbec River from West
Point to Winn's Ferry, and report the obstacles to its
navigation, nnd the expense of removing them; mid
also, upou the practicability of constructing a Canal,
from the navigable waters of the St. Marys to the
Chattahoochee, was not carried into effect, on account
ofthe informality of the resolution, and the want of an
apj
ppropriation to defray the expense.
The transportation of the heavy agricultural pro.
t i«r-i in this State for services, losses.nud expenditures ! in procuring the passage of«n act by the Legislature
dining die Creek and Semiiufe campaigns, and the of Tennessee granting to |M» State for the Western
law upon the saino subject passed in 1837. This ■ and Atlantic Kail.Roud the right ol tvny with the same
sum has been charged against tlio United States with ! privileges and under the same r«swfcw*ns as had been
« credit of four tliaqsaud eight hundred nnd eighty- previously Branted to the
three dollars, three cents, the unexpended balance of
tliirty-fi\c thousand dollars placed in the bauds of
(foreruor Schley by the Secretary of War, to he
exnenJsd by him for die public servico. in the Semi
nole and Creek campaigns, and which is now on
deposite in the Central Bank, making -the actual
ninount charged against tlio United States, one hun
dred and forty-one thousand five hundred aud thirty-one
dollatsainl eighty-one cents.
' As soou a* tlio accounts were audited nud paid off,
nnd conies made out, they were forwnblcd to the War
Jlepariiu nit, with tho request that they should -be
parsed upon as soon a* possible.
X communication was addressed immediately there
after lo each Senator nnd Representative in Congress
from lira State, iuformiug them of what had thus been
done, requesting that they would ascertain what por
tion of these accounts would bo paid by tho War
Depart mant, and apply to Congress for the passage of
st special law, directing the payment of the remainder.
Tirasession of Cori+jpss wo* tod near iticlose, when
the accounts were transmitted to Washington city, to
sdatitsf any settlement before its termination, and no
information hi.* been rcccivcd-froa the War depart-
sn wit upon tin: subject since that time.
The |j I...-* f<t Ira Wi •ecru and Atlantic Rail-Road
has been satisfactory. T
one .hundred tniim* have
previously granted In the Iiiwussze Jtail-Koad edmpa
uy. The copy of the Act, the instructions to the
Agent and correspondence with the i.*ovcri)"r of
Tennessee are laid before you. Great credit ;•» dac to
General Newnnn, the Agent oftiie State, for lira zeal
ductions of the intertor upon rivers, is usually the
cheapest mode of their conveyance to market, when it
can be used. I would therefore rcconuneud that h
general survey aud examination be made, uot only of
the Chattahoochee, but of all our rivers, capable of
being rendered navigable; and that an experienced'
and skilful stiperiuteudant he appointed to direct the
application ol the public money appropriated for their
improvement, instead of the loose ami wasteful man
lier which has been'hitherto pursued of Expending lira
public money appropriated lor such purposes.
I would call the attention of the Legislature to the
necessity of providing lorthe settlement of all publi
accounts. According to the law now in force fur an
diting public arcouuts, the Comptroller General is only
authorized to pass upon demands agninst the Trea
sury. The interest oftiie State equally requires tlmt
the nccouuts of tlie agents of the State entrusted with
the expenditure of the money appropriated for public
purposes, and drawn from the Treasury, should be
subjected to tlie supervision of some officer specially
charged with that duty. The public money tuts fre
quently been wasted, misapplied, or uot applied at all
to the objects intended, from the want of strict ac
countability on the jiart of public agents. The Legis
htture .has the evidence of this at each session, in the
defective reports received from the Trustees of the
Academic aud Poor School Funds. The large sums
now appropriated for the erection of public buildings,
improving the navigation of rivers, and for the survey
and construction of the Western nnd Atlantic Kail-
Road, require that this subject should receive the
early attention of the Legislature.
Upon consulting with distinguished physicians in
every part of the State, it was determined, under the
limited discretion given in the selection ofits location,
to place the Lunatic Asylum in the neighborhood of
MillcdgeriUe. Doctors Fartnnd White wereappoint-
ed, both to direct tho constuction of the building, and
to collect information in regard to the proper regula
tions and management of the institution; and will
make their report directly to the Legislature. The
large number of luuatics which arc found throughout
every part of the country, the great aggregate amount
of suffering which they bring upon families and neigh
borhoods; the'expense and trouble of guarding, and
medical attention, when they are under the care of in
dividuals; the assurances given by experience, that iu
well managed Asylums the care oftiie insane is more
certain, aud tliyir suffering much less than under any
private treatment whatever—make it one of die most
important duties »f the State, to provide such an insti
tution for tiiis unfortunate class of its citizens- It
must be suck au institution too as will secure the
public confidence, or tlie sympathy which is (elt for the
insane by their friends, will confine its use to the most
hopeless causes, or those in whose restoration society
has tlie least interest. I would therefore earnestly
recommend, that the Asylum which is now cresting
shall be made to conform to the best models, without
any fear that the cost will exceed the benefit which it
will confer upon the people. The appropriation
made at your last session will be thrown away, unless
it is greatly increased.
Several acts and resolutions passed at your last ses
sion, which I considered violative of constitutional or
important legislative principles, were presented to me
for revision so immediately preceding your ndjnrn-
tnent that they could not be returned. They are now
transmitted to the Senate, where they originated, with
my reasons fur not approving them.
Elections for county and militia officers, arc fre
quently contested before this Department, and the ex
ecutive hns constantly assumed the authority of de
termining upon their validity. It is due to the rights
of the people that the exercise of this powyr should be
regulated by law.
Some embarrassment has occasionally been met
with in inducting county officers into office, on ac-
countofthe different forms required for different offi
cers. 1 would recommend that the law he so altered,
that all the countv officers may be inducted into office
under tlie same iedimus potesiatum.
A set of Standard Weights, prepared for the use of
the State, in pursuance of a resolution of Congress,
have been received from the Secretary of the Treas
ury, and nre now in the Executive office. The Legis
lature will have to prescribe hy law tlie mode by which
the weight'uow in use in the cities andcounticsofthe
State, shall be made to conform to this set of Staudaid
Weights.
lit 1834, the Legislature appropriated 93.000 for the
support and education of tira indigent deaf and dumb
of the State, nt tho Asylum in Hartford, State of Con
necticut, und directed the Executive to appoint a com
missioner to select and take charge of the deaf and
dumb whoiuight be found willing tonecept ofits bounty
Ol this sunt. $1)3389] were expended ditrinztliatyenr.
At the session of 1835, the Legislature appropriated for
the same purpose §1,451), in addition to the unexpend
ed balance oftiie appropriation of the preceding year,
making the sum of$6J>l7 13], and the sum ni $750
to |>ay tiie commissioner for his services. Dining that
year, $345 were expended hy the commissioner. At
ho session of 183C, the Legislature determined that no
additional appropriation was then required for the
benefit oftiie deaf and dumb, and passed a resolution
directing that $4D0 should be paid to the commission
er, winch sum, not having been inserted in tbe net of
appropriation, was paid hy the Governor out of tho
contingent fund. At the session of1837, tie House of
Representatives passed a resolution that the sunt of
$2,750 should he appropriated for the education and
support of the denf and dumb, in addition to the un
expended balance of previous appropriations in the
hands of commissioner; aud that the conituissionc*
should receive $600 for his services during the year.
This resolution tvas not definitely passed upon by the
Senate, nnd no appropriation was mnde by the Legis
lature for the benefit of the deaf anddaaib, or for die
payment of the commissoncr. The commissioner hns
been paid $600 out of the contipgaiit fund. This state
ment is made for the purpose of calling the attention
oftlic Legislature to the propriety of fixing the com
missioner's salary by law, providing for its payment
and of carrying uu tlie benevolent purposes v.f the Lc
gislaturc in the education aud support of tlie indigent
deaf a ud dumb oftiie State, hy some certain legislative
provision.
The Legislature required oftiie Executive Depart
ment by an act passed at its last session, to cause tlie
banistcriiig and railing which formerly divided the
lobby from the Senate Chamber, to he replaced, and
the Gallery of the Senate Chamber to he enlarged, so
and intelligence with which he performed tho daif j *i‘ i to correspond in size nnd form with the Gallery of
assigned him. the House of Representatives, and appropriated one
Tho most admirable structure of Government, and
the wisest system of la ws cannot give security to the
rights of citizens unless vided by a well constituted
judiciary department. That onr rights are without this
security is universally acknowledged. Since tho Con
stitution has been altered so as to permit an improve-
meut of onr present system, none has yet been de-
vi-ed, which would not be attended, in iheopiuion of
tiie Legislature, with evils asgrentas those from which
we uow suffer. This dread wuuJd .,cem to he excessive,
since the sensitiveness of the public would be certain
to direct tlie attention of tbe Legislature to tlio cor
rection uf any misehicls consequent upon tiie reform
which might be adopted. Having expressed my opin
ion t>» the Legislature upon tiiis subject, very fully in a
former message, I again refer to it from a sense of tiie
strong ohlignbou which continually rests upon the Gov
ernment to provide the best security fur its citizens
agaiiist injustice and oppression.
According to the form of our Government, it is
ding and masonry of made the special duly of the Legislature to correct
contracted for upon such imperfections in the CoMMotkn ns mar have
favorable in ; filly orwhich wi.l be executed by the I been rendered evident by experience
thousand dollars for the accomplishment „f these ok
jects. Th't *um has been (bund entirely insufficient
for tiie purpose.
The building and repairs of the public arsenals, the
keeping, repairing distribution, and collection of tiie
public arms, and the appointment and salaries of the
military store-keepers, require to be regulated by law.
Most of what has been done upon these subjects hns
been either without authority, or iu’pursuance of occa
sional resolutions of the Legislature, varying in their
provisions from each other.
The reports of miliiaty store-keepers inMilltdgevil e
and Savannah, are laid before you. Them have been
received from the United Slates, under the act of Con-
gress ofl803,during the past year, 788 muskets and
742 rifles, and 2 brass 9 pounders, with the proper ac
coutrements. The two brass six pounders were re
ceived as a part of the State’s quota of publia arms, at
the request of the City Council of Augusta, and have
heen pluced in dispossession oftiie volunteer-company
of that city, known as the Augusta Artillery Guards.
An effort, attended with some success, lias been made
j to cpljcct into the Arsenal tho public arm? which iiarj i ufnsurv.
Seminole,
those
which had been in the possession of volunteer compa
nies become extjnct, and were either, becoming ap
propriated ns private property, or destroyed from the
want of the .csre necessary tor their preservation.—
There nre some military stores and defective arms in
the Arsenals and elsewhere, which can never be of
any further use, aud ought to be sold. I would re
commend that you a lthorizn this to be done.
I transmit to you a list of Executive warrants, which
have issued during the past political year, and of ap-
poiiitmcuts which have been made "during the saute
time.
Resolutions oftlic Legislatures of Alabama, Ohio,
Kentucky, Maine, Arkansas, and Connecticut, upon
various subjects of supposed common interest to the
States, are, by their request, laid before you for your
consideration.
I transmit to the House of Representatives the re
turns of the Census of the State, which have heen re
ceived from the Clerks oftiie Superior Courts, of tiie
several counties.
Zti Sattuicl Armstrong Daily, Brigadier Gen.
.Mark Wilcox, and Brig. Gen. Vinson, have resigned
their respective commanu'->'.
The Rev. Gluts. Wallace Howard, has been sent to
London, for the purpose of procuring copies of such
of the Colonial records as relate to tho history and set
tlement of this State.
The resolution past at your last session directing the
publication oftho annual report of Dr. Cotting’s Geolo
gical Survey, was not presented forapproval until nfter
the time had expired within which, hy the Constitu
tion, the Goveruoris authorized to sign resolutions.—
This circumstance, together with sume difficulties
which occurred between Dr. Cutting and the State
Printer, ns to the time and manner of printing, has
prevented the publication of the report. This is, per
haps, not to bo regretted, os it appears to be the inten
tion of the Legislature to publish a full report when the
entire survey shall be completed.
The Legislature is reterred to tho correspondence
with the State Geologist nnd State Priuteis, for further
explanation upon this subject.
The accompanying report of Dr. Cotting shows
what have been his operations during the past year.
The affairs of the Penitentiary have been conducted
during the past year, very successfully under the su
perintendence oftiie present vigilent Principal Keep
er, and Board oflnspectors.
The police laws of the Institution require some
reform, especially for preventing tiie intercourse which
is now permitted among the convicts. The buildings,
also, require some improvement. For information
upon this nud other subjects connected with the Peni
tentiary, you are respectfully referred to the reports of
the Board of Inspectors, and Principal Keeper.
At no time has public opinion been more alive to the
value of education, in producing individual excellence,
the security of public rights, and the general prosptii
tynfsociety.
The Presbyterian, Baptist, and Methodist denomin
ations ofChristians, have by the liberal zeal with which
they have endowed an dare supporting the Oglethorpe
University, Mercer University, Emory College, and
the Georgia Female College, given the full weight of
their highly important influence in favor of the bene
fits to be derived from intellectual cultivation, and the
diffusion ofkuowlcdge. The flourishing state of these
sectarian literary institutions, has not at all impeded
the increassng prosperity of Franklin College, its last
gradating class having been its laigest. Tlie interest
of the College is, however, suffering from the ditficul
ty of forming a hoard of trustees for the management
of its affairs. It is necessary either to lessen the num
ber of trustees, or the number which is required to form
a quorum for doing business.
The law passed at your lust session, to establish a
general system of educating by conation schools, was
delayed in going into operation, for the purpose of
enabling the people to express their opinions, through
the:r representatives, iu relation to its expediency.
You are therefore, no doubt prepared to act in stlch
manner upon tiiis subject, ns your constituents may
have determined to be for their interest.
A true hill of indictment was found at the last Janu
ary term oftlic Superior Court of Chatham County,
against Philbrook and Kellerai:, for the same offence
with which they had been charged, when demanded
as fugitives, from the justice of this State, by my pre
decessor. The demand for their arrest and delivery
up to the Agent of this State, as fugitives from its
justice, was renewed upon the Governor of tlie State
of Mnluc, aud by him, again refused. Copies of tlie
report and resolutions adopted by year body at your
last session, upon this subject were in consequence of
this, conduct of tlio Governor of Maine, and iu com
pliance with your reqnest, transmitted to the Governors
to be laid by them before the Legislatures of the several
States;-to the members of Congress from this State,
to be submitted to the Semite aud House ofReprcsen-
tatives, and one to the President of the Uuited States.
As the Legislature of Maine does not meet until
Juuiiary, 1839, its proceedings in answer to your
resolutions, cannot be reported to yon during your
present session. There can be but little doubt, how
ever, that those proceedings, when they do take place,
will sustain the course which has been pursued by the
Executive authority of that State. On the 20th of
March last, the Legislature of Maine passed a law
upon the subject of fugitives from the justice of other
States, by which it authorizes the Governor to satisfy
himself by investigation into the grounds of a demand,
and whether it ought to be complied with. - Tlie Le
gislature of Maine, in passing a law to direct the
Executive of the State, in it matter which is determin
ed by tbe Constitution and Jaws of the United States;
and the Governor, iu justifying himself under such a
law, in refusing to do what is made imperative by the
Constitution, have evidently only acted in obedience
to the state of public opinion in Maine, arising out of
tho opposition to. the institution of slavery in this State.
Had tho persons who have been demanded of the
State of Maine, by lliisState, been charged with any
other crime than stealing a negro slave ; there can he
no doubt but that they would have becu delivered up
without difficulty.
If tiie |>eop!e of Maine will thus prevent their
Authorities fr.no delivering up to the authorities of
Georgia, for trial, those who entice away from the
citizens of Georgki, iheir slaves, and escape from
punishment into the State of Afnine, the people of this
State must fake means to secure their rights ol'property
from the danger to which it will be thus exposed.
The State of Georgia has the power to protect its own
institutions, aud it will be its duty to exert it t if neces
sity should require. .
Nothing but necessity, however, should induce the
St ite to adopt any course which may disturb the bar
■pony oftlic Union. Having referred to the considera
tion of the Legislature ol Maine, the conduct of tlio
Executive of that State, in refusing to deliver up to this
State, the fugitives Irotn its justice, Philbrook and
Kcllernn, by your resolutions, it will he proper to
lake no measure, upon this subject until it shall have
been nclcd upon by Maine.
Copies of the correspondence of this Department,
nnd all the papers relating to tlie last demand made
upon the Governor of Maine, of Philbrook and Keller-
an. are laid before yon.
I transmit to the Legislature copies of the Inst semi
annual reports of the Banks of tiiis State. Forming,
as the issues o| the Banks do, the almost exclusive
medium through which nil busiuess is transacted nnd
the value of pioperty estimated. It is one of the most
important duties ol thc legislature to examine into
tliojr state, to compel them to fulfil tlie conditions of
tiieir charters, and to strengthen their capacity for
usefulness.
The ruinous effects produced in many parts of our
country by the late extraordinary commercial pressure
and demand for specie, have been, comparatively,but
slightly felt in tins State. The general soundness of
the condition of our Banks enabled them during their
suspension of specie payments, to retain tiie confi
dence of^be^ country, nud nt the same time, to give
‘i ' | ' ■*' T 'ics to business through the use oftheir
reports show that all the banks which
had susjietided, have resinned specie payments, ex
cept the Farmers Bank of Chattahoochee. Whilst
the course of the Banks in suspending specie pay
ments should he excused on account of the force of
the circumstances under which they acted, the Legis
lature should' take care that it is not again pursued
but front the like necessity. Indeed the general con-
vertfbility of Bank notes into specie, without difficulty
or delay, is so important for settling balances when
trade lias been agninst us, mid keeping the rate oC
exchange nt its proper premium, that it may be advi
sable for the Legislature to secure this object by
ndditioi.inl enactments.
Banks, when established upon proper principles,
and compelled to net up to their design, should be
sustained by the State as exceedingly valuable instru
ments for adding to the wealth and prosperity of tiie
community, hy the profitable employment which they
give to industry and talents through the use of their
credit nnd capital; the great advantages which they
afford for carrying .on trade; tne means which they
furnish for developing the natural resources oftiie
country, and constructing important works of interna’
improvement; the stimulus which they give to enter
prise ; their tendency to enlarge the quantity of active
capital, and fjqdcr its distribution convenient to the
people, fix the pqje of interest, mid fesscu tlie cxr.ctiona
Banks should be strictly prohibited from engaging
in any speculation wftatever. I would respectfully
recommend that tiie privilege of banking shall not
hereafter be conferred upon companies chartered for
other purposes. I am also oftlic opinion that it will
add to the public security, for the proper conduct of
Banks hereafter to be created, if their charters shall
require, that the stock shall be distributed among
numerous persons and the amount to he held by
individuals limited, so that no one, nor even a few, will
be enabled to obtain the entire coutrol or management
of any Bank; experience having proved that private
Banks are too apt (o run into speculation, and thatthe
temptation to fraudulent combinations, and excessive
credit to individuals, is too great to be usually resisted,
when Banks arc iu tlie hands ofa fo
Intimately connected with the subject of Ranks, is
the policy proposed hy the Administration of the Gen
eral Government, ofcollectiug tlie public dues exclu
sively in gold and silver, and entrusting their safekee
ping, until required for expenditure, to individuals,
instead of Banks. The effect of these measures, if
they had heen adopted by Congress, would have been
to have added to the cost of nil goods, upon which
duties arc paid; increased the difficulty of purchasing
public lands to every citizen, except large capitalists
*nd office holders: endangered the currency, bycon-
stantlj' tvithdrar.'i. n £ front the Banks the hisis oftheir
circulation; lessened |l»e safctycftlw keeping of the
revenue; added to the uncertainty ami expense of
transferring the public money from the places of
collection to the places of expenditure; and to have
locked up the public money, from the time of collec
tion until wanted for the purposes oftiie Goverumeut,
instead of permitting it to add to the circulating wealth
of the country, through the means of general depos-
ites in the Banks. Nor would the country hate heen
compensated for these injurious consequences from
the proposed measures, by any corresponding advanta
ges. Tho divorce of the Government lroin the
Banks could only have resulted in forming a more
intimate connection between its beneficiaries and the
people’s money; and increasing the depcndance oftiie
officers of the Government and public contractors
upon the President, by enlarging the profits oftiie
spoils to be divided among them.
Blessed, as our country is, with the most happily
consti'nted form of Government, it belongs to those
whn arfi entrusted with its administration, so to direct
public affairs, as to afford to tlie people the fullest
enjoyment of oil its advantage*'. That vve may be
enabled successfully to discharge that portion of this
duty which is imposed upon us, is the earnest desire of
Your Fellow Citizen,
GEORGE R. GILMER.
From the Savannah Georgian.
GEORGIA SCENERY. A Savannahian, set
ting forth to visit the interior or upper portions of
Georgia, must pass through several varieties of scene-
ty, before he arrives at the delightful mountain region.
Onr State somewhat resembles a flight of broad steps
reaching backward from the level of the sea, until the
traveller is lifted by them to the summit of high moun
tains, in the North-West. The first of these steps is
barren,desolate and g!ooiny;seeniinglv in a transition
state, from sea to dry land. It is the region of the ein-
pire uf the sun—not oftiie general filtering control,
bnt ofhis tyranny and unmitigated fierceness—a land
without a shade. The very breezes here, Jose their
freedom and elasticity, and seein to pant, on scorched
and sluggish wings. It is the laud of melancholy spit-
its, who moan from every tree top. Tlie trees them
selves, the innumerable members of the coniferous
tribe, present on every side, their provoking family
features to the weary eye. Their long slender shafts,
and ragged, rusty, green tufis, resembling so many gi-
Some of an Editor's Trial..-.—A villainous manuscript
With numerous intprhnentidnsand erasures, is sent for
publication,and whcti it appears in print the Editor ij
blamed for the most trifling uiivuke.
An anonymous note is received, requesting him t<>
publish from some other paper a slak article, and if | le
exercise his own discretion in not noticing it, the writer
cousders it a personal in«ult, and is mortally offeuded
A Correspondent sends a communication at rim.
ancc with the sentiments of tint Editor; and should | ie -
nccnmpauy it with strictures he is regarded ns exceed
ingly disengeimottt and illiberal. And should he re
spectfully decline publishing it, hostilities from that
quarter are immediately commenced.
A request is presented for permission to publisl, n
series of articles on a given topic.—it is grantd; and tlie
writer avails luinself of the privilege to lampoon the
Editor through his own columns.
A correspondent assails the personal character or
standing of an individual; nnd should the injured man
be suffered to reply, tfie Editor is blamed.
When a subject is worn thread bare some one start#
lip like Rip Van Winkle from his twenty years sleep
and is anxious to enlighten the public by a repetition
of the same old tale; and if the Editor thinks that tin*
topic has been amply discussed, offence is given, and
the sage effusion is sent to n distant paper with’bitter
complaints against the intolerance of the Editor to
whom it was first presented.
Though it is said ir the Bible tlmt “no man cam
serve two masters,” yet an Editor is regarded as an*
exception to the rule, lie must have no mind of his
own—at least no mind except in conformity to the
dictatorship of others; and he is left iu a sad dilemma
when his dictators are* nt variance among themselves.
In a word, an Editor is held as a kind of common
property, which every one has a right to use, and not
only to use, but to appropriate exclusively to himself.
His selections must conform to their taste. His prin
ciples must accord with theirs. He must surrender
himself soul and body to the will ofhis many masters.
And they are u.-mi)!y the most inoperative who have
th'c least claim upon Ins services.
Such arc some of the trials which an Editor is called
to endure. Blit time accustoms him to the yoke, and
he learns after a while, to bear it with tolerable equan
imity. Rugged and thorny as may be his path, he now
and then lights upon a verdant spot; or at least sees iu
the distance a pleasant prospect. And when he can
keep a conscience void of offence his sleep is as sweet
and his dreams as peaceful as those of any other man.
Charletlon Observer.
ant parasols, stuck on end in the sand. Each
bles each, like the years of eternity to the condemned.
The croaking of some lonely frog, the hum of an intru
sive fly, or the hoarse caw of the ill-boding crow, are
the entertaining soundsthat sometimes break the mo
notonous murmur ol the melancholy pine. Occasion
ally, at wide intervals, a human habitation maybe
discovered—a little island in a tutpentne sea—an acre
of com, upon which a poor man-worm feeds—a small
patch, from which he weaves his jacket, and a
miserable cottage, the bauble of the winds, in which
lie rears his family. But here the marks of poverty
discomfort arc so visible, that the interruption serves
rather to increase than relieve the dejection of the
spectator. A desert soil beneath his feet, a brazen sky
above, and the sighs of tlie wind through the trees,
leaves on tlie mind a sameness worse than vacancy
Oh how glad one is, when he emerges from this wil
derness! Gradually the sceue changes. Tho pros-
ject is still bounded. The same mighty forest insit-
ates tlie view. Bnt tlie water no longer emulates tin*
fixedness of the land. There is life and joy iu the
frequent swell of tlie round niodcat hills, while ever
aud anon sonic noisy little stream, bursting forth be
tween their bosoms, proTongs iu everlasting soliloquy.
The next change is into a broad and beautiful zone
—th_a wealth, the power, and present pride of Georgia,
girding the Stile from north east to south-west, and’
while it overlooks, from iu height, the low pine lands
on the sontli,spreading hack to the Cherokee purchase
and Habershnm county on the north. Iu feuile fields
support a hardy, fetterless and dauntless race. Cour
age with them is instinct. And its broad bosom bears
a hundred happy villages and embryo cities. Athens,
the seatof science, elegance & fashion—Millcdgeville,
rocking on her wavy plain—Macon, adorned with
palaces—and young Columbus, rising in the west.
Winding through tiiis favored region, iu broad New-
England prospects, and iu shady glens, at length we
arrive nt the hanks ofthe Chattahoochee—the silver-
bosomed Chattahoochee, rolling shredsjof gold, at once
the Pactolus and Connecticut of Georgia. On either
hand, its narrow borders stretch in inexhaustible luxu
riance, like slips of darkest velvet, embroidered with
flowers, and fairy bowers ofthe wild vine The wild
cucumber, with iu delicate, butgigantic leaf, and ear
of scarlet seed, gives interest and novelty to the soft
margin. Beyond it rolls tho new, the beautiful, the
unknown land. IVe enter it with feelings approach
ing to awe. Voiceless and still, it strikes upon the
sense, like the silent scenery of a dream. Of all the
thousands that iu hill sides shelter, not one is visible.
It seems to the visiter, an untried boundless forest—a
primeval forest—a connecting link with Columbus, or
the creation. The print ofthe moccasin still remains
in the soil, and the spirit ofa diminished race, appears
to frown upon him, as it lingering stalks o’er the west
ern hills. Within, every thing is fresh and magical.
The very hills, unwashed, uubroken by the plough
seem newly shaken from the mould. Land of tlit
merriest brooks. Some times a little bubble-bearer
co.ncs laughing, nnd leaping from shelf to shelf, down
its rocky bed, as it speeds to the distant sea. Again,
from its spring home, in the mountaiu top, the ambi
tions river rushes down tho steep, as if resolme to
makean overshot wheel of tins great world. Valievs
of beaut ■, twenty milesin length, and three or four in
breadth, and clad in the richest luxuriance, intersect
tiirs district in parallel lines, like furrows from some
njiguty plough. Fiom their verdant bosoms# on either
hand, the mountains slope upwnrdsever.il thousand
feet, green even to tiieir summits, and stored with
every species of mineral and mctnlic wealth. From
every crevice and angle in theirsides. the living wa
ters gush forth—sonra limpid and tasteless, others load
ed with ferruginous ore. and torrents from the lime
stone rock, boiling, glittering, and foaming, like the
course of genius, strong even in its infancy.
These, are her more peaceful efforts. But nature
has also selected this region as the theatre of her
stlblimer energies. Hhe has wrought here with more
than ordinary invention, and exhausted her stores to
lay up treasures ofheauly, vgricty and grandeur, for
the instruction and entertainment oftnan.
Extract from the ll'ork of an English Traveller.
“The bankruptcies in the United States arc remark
ably frequent ami disgraceful—disgraceful in their na
ture, though not sufficiently so in the eyes of society.
A clergyman iu a commercial city declares that almost
every head of a family in his congregation has been a
bankrupt since his settlement. In Philadelphia, from
six to eight hundred persons annually lake the benefit •
ofthe insolvent laws; and numerous compromises take
place which are not heard of furjlier than the parties,
concerned iu them. On seeing the fine house ofa*
man who was a bankrupt four years before, and who
was then worth 100,000 dollars, I asked whether such
cases were common, and was grieved to find they
were. Some insolvents pay their old debts when they
rise again, but the greater number do not. This laxitv
of morals is favored by the circumstances of the com
munity, which require the industry of all its members,
and can employ the resources of all—first, of men of
character, nud then of speculators^ Bnt few things
are more disgraceful to American society than tiie
carelessness with which speculators are allowed to
game with other people’s funds, and after ruining those
who put trnst in them, to lift up their bonds in all pla-
ces.just as if they had, during their whole lives, ren
dered unto all tiieirdues. Whatever may be the caus
es or the palliations of speculation; whatever may bo
pleaded about currency mistakes, and the temptations
tbyoung men to make fortunes by the public Innd* r
one thing is clear; that no man, who, having failed,
and afterwards having the means to pay his debts in
full, does not pay them, can be regarded as au honest
man. and ought to be received upon the same footing
with honest men, whatever inay be his accomplish
ments, or his subsequent fortune. What would be
thought of any society which should cherish ail escaped
(not reformed) thief, because a large legacy had en
abled him to set op his carriage? Yet how much dif
ference is there in the two cases? It is very rarely a - ,
duty—more rarely than is generally supposed, to mark,
ana shun the guilty. It is usually more right to seek
and help him. But, in the case of spreading vice,,
which is viewed with increasing levity, the reprobation
ofthe honest portion of society ought to be yery dis
tinct and emphatic. Those who would not associate
with escaped thieves should avoid prosperous bank
rupts who are not thinking of paying tiieir debts.”
FROM ST. AUGUSTINE. »
Latest Army Intelligence.—From a fetter dated Ga-
rey’s Ferry, Oct. 31, 1838, to a gentleman in this
place:—
“All is bustle here—Col. Twiggs, 2d Dragoons, and
Col. Cross, Quarter Muster General of the Army in
Florida, leave for Fort Mellon.
A post will be cstalilishcd nt Volusia, garrisoned by
six companies of 2d Dragoons. The 1st and 6th In
fantry, and a portion of the 2d Dragoons, to concen
trate at Micniiopy. The 3d Artillery and 7th Infantry,,
are ordered to Florida immediately.
** e, i. Taylor has left for Tampa Bay, and it is ettr-''
rently reported that Sam Jones will come in, and that
the war isabout being closed.”
Changes at the Post of Fort Marion —Captain Waite
relieves Capt. L'Engie, who goes to Volusia—Lieut.
M’Lane, Topographical Engineer, ordered to OKefce-
nokee—Lieut. Ringley, acting Ordnance officer, re
lieved by Lieut. Pemberton—Lieut. Ridgely, assistant
commissary—Lieut. Bradford, commanding company
E. 4th Artiilery; Dr. Weightman, assistant Burgeon.
A correspondent furnishes the Whig with the fol
lowing notice of an incident that happened in Rich
mond on Saturday last:
CONFLAGRATION.
A barrel full of Abolition papers and pamphlets
were burned in the Main street of our city on Satur
day last, by the Police of the-city. They were handed
over by tlie Postmaster. Among them were—New
York Evangelist; Gospel Publisher, Harrisburg, Pa.;
Friend of Man, Utica. N. Y.; Boston Recorder; Hu-
‘"''b R'S*' tR . N. Y.: BALT. LITERARY & RELI-
(iIOUi> MAGAZINE; Liberator# Dost.; National*
Enquirer, Philadelphia; Michigan Observer; National
Laborer, Philadelphia; New York Baptist Register,
lltica; Eastern Baptist, Maine; Vermont Chronicle;
Pnilantliropist, Cincinnati; Youth’s Cabinet, Boston;
Pennsylvania Freemen; New England Spectator;
“•?" “ Watchman, New York; Narrative of James
W iliiains. A more base compilation of falsehood was
never published than this last named pamphlet. In it
is a great display of folly for the Abolitionists to send
their incendiary matter South, with a view of having
it distributed among the people. The vigilance of
onr Pnstmasteiswifl notallow it to leave their respec
tive offices, hut will commit it to its proper element.—
Money expended for the above vile purpose, could
“ u _' ,Rltcr ttppfopxmted by distributing it among the
suffering poor of their cities.
Turkish Honesty.—An open gallery extended alotra
the whole ofthe northern side ofthe edifice, (Solimane
at Constantinople) is filled with chests of various sizes
and descriutions, piled one on the other, and carefully
marked; these chests contain treasures principally in
gold and silver, jewels to a vast amount, and all are
ine properly of individuals, who in tira crent of their
leaving the country, family misunderstandings, or fiom
other causes require a place ofsafely in which to deno-
site their wealth. Each package heiug accurately
described and scrupulously secured, is received and
registered at Solimane by the proper authorities; and
there it remains, intact and inviolate, despite national
convulsions and ministerial changes. No event, how-
evcrnuexpected, or however extraordinary, is suffered
to affect the sacreducss of the trust; and no considcr-
nlion of country or of religion, militates against the
admission of deposites that may be rendered hy those
anxious to secure their property against casualties.
On one side may bo seen the fortune ofthe orphan
confided to the keejiiiigofthe directors ofthe institution
daring his minority; on the other, the capital ofa
merchant who is pursuing his traffic over seas. All
classes and.'creeds alike a vail thcmsclvesof the deposito-
ry, and although an individual may fnil to reclaim his
property for twenty, fifty, or even an unlimited num
ber ofyenrs, no seal is broken, or lock ever forced.
And despite that this great National Bank, for such it
truly may be considered, offers not only an easy bn
Murderous Attack.—Between the hours of three and
four n clock, on Saturday last, the Editor oftbis paper
was attacked by FOURTEEN armed ruffians, and.
knocked down by repeated blows of bludgeons. Alt
hts assailants were armed with pistols dirks, and large
clubs. No doubt their intention was to take his life,,
as it was a preconcerted plan, and he was Bet on and
surrounded without any notice whatever. He owes:
liisliie lo tun devotion of a friend, who, though unarm-
ed, threw himself between him and the murdernus-
rascals who wero heating him.—Darien Tcle*ravh,
Gthmst.
Fire. Oo Sunday night, the QSth ultimo, the fine
dwelling, well nigh completed, of Major Kobt. Taylor,,
in tlie upper p.iri of Town# was discovered to be on
fire, nud such was the rapid progress the flames had
made, mued by a high wind, ns to render all prospect
of arresting it entirely hopeless;—consequently the
attention ol the citizens was directed to saving other
tjiiildiMgsendangered, which fortunately they wero etK
abled to do.
Tlie loss toJMajor T. isseveral thousand dollars—no
insurance.
•' The great caution observed by Major T-
"i preventing the introduction of any fireinlo thebuild-
tng, in its unfinished state, leaves nodnublthat it wai
the work of an jnceitdiaiy,—Athens Hhig, 3dinst.
Maxims for Boys.—Be vicious anti you cannot b*
.tappy; be virtuous nnd yon cannot be miserable.
All good and great men in the world have been
boys, and why should not all boys become good and
great men?
The man depends on the boy; the peace of to-mor-
row on the actions of to-day.
The following extraordinary Anagram, has rcrenily
been discovered in Pilate’s famous question. St. Jo'iih
- . 1 , „ - —j .... *-.«, U..I chap, xviii. verse 33, which iu the Latin vnlgate
an efficient and abundant means of supply, no instance stands thus:—‘Quid «d veritas l’—Wlmt is truth?' A
an effort to avaniVseir of i'l * ®otmn»mj»» h«* made simple transposition of the fetters, gives tiie following
an effort to a\ ail itscll ofthe treasures of Solimane. answer:—'‘Est vir qui adcst!' Tlie man who stands
City °J the Sultan. before you J
r
tmmm
