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T II E TI A C O A (; E O li G I A TELEGR A P 61. and Stat of the r< The New York , thus describes a a ship into a place Dc morrnlio IVinciptc". E, J :fTer«on lays down ihe following principles : ' P(is absolute an i ia -ilingaevf mure nfUhurch ' T ia freeJoni. sovereignty, and indepcodance pective Nunes.’ • The Union, a confederacy, n soaptet, neithe dation nor a centralization.' ^ ( • The Cnnititotinn of the Union, a special written gram of j that a ship of war powers, limited and definite. 1 • Tne civil paramount to tho military power.’ 'The representative to obey the instructions of his con aliments.' • Klectionsfroe,an I aoffrage universal.’ ' N' i here i - iry or!' o, « •: on.-r, n ir i :lu. 1 No taxation beyond the public wants.’ ’ K • nati nal debt, ifpossiole.’ ' Vo.cojtly splond rr, of a l.-n -. - 'ration.' ' Ni^Jroscription of opinion, nor of - rldie disenssiofl,' pr. h'rn’ hpreirs of Hotel* respondent of (he National Inteligenecr ■r species of Hotel byphe conversion of ; f public entertainment: | New York, July 25,1813. a eon soli- j J understand ithas lately occurred to .--ome gentlemen | with open c\ea that anchorage is cheaper than ground-rent; | that a ship of war is but a spacious hotel npaide down ; and | that the most desit able site for a residence as UT pure air, neighborhood, novelty, and economy, is now occupied by the '•Independence” and “North Carolina,” men-of war i just off the Battery. The latter ahip being unseaworthy.it ;is proposed to purchase her of the Government for the ex-J periment. It is estimated that she cjn accommodate ccmfor- sably 970persons. The immense upper deck is to be coher ed witlra weather-proof.awning, blue and white.in the style oftlie Alhambro, and given up entirely to dining, dancing, lounging, and the other uses of hotel drawing-rooms. D E M O C R A C Y. ci6c appropriation.’ i to occupy um lorward part ..... . J deck, or, if the vessel is cr./iBpd. to oe transferred ton • No my-tines in Government maccostblc to the public s .-,u tender alongside. The purt holes are to be enlarged e }' e -' to spacious windows, and the two decks below, which are [ Tuhlm compen-anon lor public services, moderate sal- above the water line, will he entirely occupied by splendid srics, and pervading economy and accountability.’ j rooms, open to the entire tiflfi- 1th of the bay, and ftynished —— J in the oriental and cushinedstyle, suitable to the luxurious From the Federal Union. i wants of hot weather. Minute barges will ply to and from . We have intelligence in this City.just received from va- the shore connected with the Waverly line of omnibusses, rious parts ol the State, through respectable channels, that I bath-housgs will Be anchored just asieni. a cafe andice- tlte Democratic party are every where concentrating a uni- | cream shop will be established in the main and mizzen-tops, ted effort, to secure the success of their candidates for Gov- (to Je rechod by a covered staircase,) and sofas, lor the ac- e:nor and Congress in October. We have heard from the I comraodation ol smokers, will be put under a pent-houst tbivannah River—from Balter county—.from the (South-west roof outside t 1 e vessel, in the msin-chtdos. The cockpit nod the West—from the middle and from Cbefokee.and the I and hole will ofcourse unite the uses of a lintel garret and. Democratic party of Georgia, were neve/ more ready to do cellar. It will have the advantage ofoiber hotels, in swing- tbennelves and their policy justice. j inground with the tide so that the lodgers on both sides of One would scarce believe this, to bear what the Whigs j the ship will see by turns from the windows, the entire pan- ray about disaffection ao^ivisious in Crawford county, in orama of the bay. When lightened of hergnns, and her up- Madison county, in Irw; ^^h.ity, in Floyd connty, and in | per spars and rigging, it is thought that she will float so Murray county. _ They would have us believe, that these I much higher as to bear piercing for another line of port hole rallying points of Democracy, are torn up from the founds- windows—affording some bachelors’ rooms at the water tinn, and are turned to be “CRAWFORD MEN," “GiAY XEN,’ I fine, ccrreapnnding in j rice and. convenience with the sky “Bank men,” and Tariff men.” * chambers of the Astor. An eccentric individual, t ani told, This wc learn, is a slander on the good Dcmocratsof those lias bargained for a private parlor to be suspended under counties,— Iris one of the shallow devices of Whiggery, to j the bowsprit, in imitation of the nest of the hanging bi d. enr.«r.irc their own desponding friends, and prop a bad an<4 1 Altogether the scheme seems charming and feasible. The .-inking .-ante. In this hour of t)igir darkness and despair. | name of the hotel, .by the way, is to be “Saratoga th \V awaits mem. The Whigs seem willing to say nothing 1 dert na akin, epa about their Leader (Mr. Clay. He is unpopular with their called invariably “commodore. own party. Look at Oglethorpe, Elbert. Greene, Troup. and Morgan-they are trying hard to avoid the Tariff. Specks of Wnr. - , ^which.CIay w«ara on his front, and which Wbur* arc pled 2 • I . ... .a ed ,0 carry on, to protect Northern labor.-They a^r | n *Xl&i£2rZZ3? gS? .ft?’ disposed to sink the Bank question, because med^ h “,o e regui r a*e ! Ezcha 0 nVs?” * Tlmy dono, wan, to I * n , d £*>*<>«« notuestined ,o remain.nuch(..nger at peace, hearofthe Rafl Roads and Canals, their Whig allies could The French government support, the Chnstfios tn Spa... dig and bnild at the North, because it Taxes the South for " nd . ,h( Cnb,nfl favors fcpartef* on whom Sir R no profit of interest to them. £ eeI «cently pronounced a high ealoginm in the house of All these and the other sins of the Whig party, at the Ex- ® om . m ‘ T ‘iese are warlike appearances. But En- tra Session, they would have us forget-aSd les t the People 8 land V ,U maie every aaenflee, short of national honor, to ul. :Ij.i .i 1.1 .1 _• eti 1 nerserse peace, until she can conciliate the Irish Iiepea 1 now nearly 30 years at peace, a in her history, not excepting the Bank and IlOttt thd 11 UCUIVH —wuu WUG1I boimii im WUIWC I , A c t “,.n epd ofa Session’-hearing in bis seat hi, brother L du ™ l _ ,an . of * < l ua, ? er of a century. Whigs declare themselves to be the Protective Tariff OTA CON: TCESDAV noSMiVO, AUGUST S, ISIS. Democratic Candidate* Tor Protidcut, JOHN C. CAIsSIOUN, of So. Ca. Martin van isuken, oin. y. LEWIS CASS, of Ohio, RICiril. W. JOHNSON, ofKj. JAMES BVCHANAN, of Penn. JOHN TYLER, of Virginia, To bo dccitlcd by a JUT,ational Contention in .Way, 1844. FOR GOVERNOR, MARK A. COOPfeR, of Murray. FOR CONGRESS, JAMES S3. STARK, of Butts. East Florida will under this law acquire a permanent populition, ere the expiration of the present year, ot up- words of six thousand to be added to that which existed previous to the passage of the act. Mr. Benton in obtaining the passage of the armed oc cupation Bill has done much for Florida, that Florida should never forget. Iifhas been the means of securing to her an increase ol population, mote rapid than wo were prepared to believe. Tho dlaitroi Rail Raittl ,t jipropriatiou . “To laugh. Were want ofmanrters and of grace ; But to be grave, exceeds all power of face.’’ Now, ifotrr intelligent cotemporary had been so j condescendingly polite as to have furnished Ids rea- ■ dor with a little history of the Treaties of 1817 and ’19, (the latter being in fact, but an cx'efision ol'&.c former,) they would have discovered that Mr. C al- j lioun was as little obnoxious to censure, in the ne- maining within the limitsofthe different Territories, & c . Mr. Calhoun te •!; a ‘ v ' view of the number and position of s-,' " io’be removed, and formed a plan, i„ / their removal. In doing which, (we cxi- I that part of the Report which lias irntncj: . gotiation ol'cither, as the man in the moon, or even ence to the South,) Mr. C. says: the Recorder himself-—they would have seen too, that sometimex Editors themselves are so intent in gn/.ihg upon one side of a subject, that they contract an obliquity of vision which renders it utterly hn- Thc Messenger does not appear torelishour whis- p 0SS p,| e r or th em to look upon thefother side^ We peri ng—it seems to stick in bisear like Mac- ;l j- e not -onu list enough to account hr this strange beth’s “Mmen,” stuck in his throat.' Sorry for it, ! . |j Ut j\i art ; n Chuzzlewit we magine, would but can’t cry. Our neighbor is a ctite c J ia P- term it, an optical delusion. But tc the Treaties of It is almost as difficult to “come it over him,” as it , , gl7 j j„ igQd, a delegatic n of Cherokces Of the lour Southern tribes, two of them n kees and Choctaws.) have already aliened io i ' of country West of the Mi-issippi, That v-l.t’v allotted t< the latter, is believed to be tnffieitad. * th,' ■>'■!. i,- siinulil th.-y ei:,i • ■ ■ I menu which is bel’eved not tn be im ‘\ I made between them and the Cnirkaiaws, neighbors, and of similar habits fcnd dtmbsitioa° * rt M be sufficient for the accommodation of both. | country should be reserved to the West ofth e pJ ! ' I on ^lte Arkansas, aft a means of exchange \ritL remain on the East. To the Creeks mi-l,t 11 ' I coot try between the Adteeaeaeeddle Canad.rt**%T should be reminded of it by the person of their candidate, P erser ’* Pf nc ?’ nn, “-* he they Jay their once popular men Dawsfln and Gamble, on .J 18 ® . n . the shelf, as broken down politicians, beaten down by Clay on S er * h » n ■«'>’ >""« ...story, not excepting uie - ‘ d Tariff and take up Crawford, because be was ongpetep, that ocqurreddur.ng what was called the peace i -Extra Session"—who when sent to fill out the ' ov, °? < 'l">>»»'ratmn of Sir Robert Warpole, which had a Party, and the Bank Party, and being publicly railed on by a member, tossy whether he too was a Hank man, and a Tariff man, stood mute, and so remained till Congress ad-, joarned. The Whigs seem willing now, to discuss no principles j to re lonunend none of the great Whig measurer. They are silent as to these, for fear they will break their party down in Georgia, os by their own concessions, they broke Dawson and Gamble down. They now rely on dividingthe Democrats ofGvorgia. by crying "Wolf, Wolf—"Old Pannet^New Panncf'—O'd Light*, Fete Light*"—sending their editorials llnougH tae A foreign war by presenting to the public .mind in the British empire new objects of national contention may form a channel to conduct off increa iug domestic discontents. It may serve to diminish surplus numbers more rapidly than trying again to they dir. in 1840 country for this purpose. They are thns humbug and mislead lionet Democrats, as they —by such conduct, telling them they are weak, shor .-sighted creatures: capable of being controlcd b astray by flattery. By these means, they are trying, regardless of principles, to bring Democrats to support their detestable policy—ab horrent to every Democrat from Maine to Louisians. To this end, they call Major Cooper,"Fvliificr,’’ a "Fete Light"—as if their candidate was not a “NULLIFIER'’ and a Whiff, a Bank Whig, a Clay IFAftr, • supporter of Tariff Whig* a Crawford wan"by name, by nstuieand by practice. These are contemptible, pitiable devices, resorted to only to support a bad and desperate cause. The Whigs ask Democrats, (old Union men, Clorkmen ) to abandon tneircandidate, and join to defeat tlieir^id friends —such as Lumpkin, Fort, McDonald, Schley and a host of others, to prostrate the old organs of their partv, the “Fe deral Union,” ’Banner,’ 7 “Telegraph/' “Times,” “Constitutionalist,” and “Georgian” and subvert their cherished principles and policy—for what J Why, to elect a "Crawford man”-—to set up Clay.to establish a Batik and pat a High Tariff on iheir necks, sod baring got these Dem-. ocrats to aid in defeating Major Cooper, *s they did to de feat llr. Van Bnren.in 1810—will require them 'nlsu, to sup port all their Bank i and Tariffs—their; Clay men—Bank men and Tariff nie.i—such as Berrien and others—or (in case nf refusal.) abu -e, trample under foot, and spit nn them in the manner they have done Mr. Tyler and his frieuds in Georgia, and elsewhere. By thus aiding the Whigs in October, Democrats will they are not so shadow, as to be caught by Whig chaff, and so weak as to be bamboozled by W biggish huinbuggery. Prom the Georgia Jrffertonian. The Cnnilidntc*. The Hon. Mark A. Cooper has signified his acceptance of the nomination made by the June Convention, as has Mr. Crawford on the part of the Whigs. As we have beard nothing to the contrary, we presmne Col. Stark and Mr the continental markets. It may possibly revive trade, now in a state of continued and unparallelled stagnation. But the cost ofwar conducted on a scale that will call out the full financial resources of the British empire!—There is the rub. The process of borrowing is easy. That of sus taining a war expenditure and'the payment of a large sum in annual interest, leaves no room for doubt that if Englstfil is forced to play at this game of Kings before she is better-i prepared, in a pecuniary sense, for the confiict.it must be at the hazard of the overthrow of her funding system and the interests of her fuud holders.—Charleston Transcript. _v SO Ceuta Itcvrnrd, “Will be given, to the worthy Editor of the Federal Un ion, or any other Democratic Editor, in this State, who will furnish ns a Biography of the present Democratic can didate for Congress, J AS. H. STARK, Esq, of Bolts.” , Albany, (Ueo,) Conner. We found the above precious moreeau in the Albany Courier of the 4th inst. We are aware that we might paw itln silence, as3o all the harm it is calculated to do.—But we love to give tyros in politics some latitude, if irerely for the amusement of seeing how they will behave themselves. It was-an amusement of our boyish days to pot a large worm on our book, and throw it into a school of minnows, to be ninused with the arnica the little fellows would play a. round the bail, entirely too large for them to manage, and their very security depending upon their diminutive pro portion*. Wo lore to serve minnows in politics so now, and should like to bring this brave little fellow forward for public amusement. As to the biography of Col. Stark, if the writer’s paddling in politics have been in such shallow pools as to make the above jcall necessary to himself, we | r the most lucid biogra- social perambulations is never to bav^ met with Col. Stark in his way, lie is indeed to be pitied for the bad company he has ever kept.—Why the young man has been brought up no belter than a pagan, and his parents are much to blame. It is true C >1. Stark has never given him self any notoriety by changing bis juiliticol coat a dozen times in a dozen calendar months; he baa never been re markable for any outrage in society, morals or deeenev, or j doing any great exploit.of a kindred character; bot if hon orable patentnge. station tn society, the love of friends, the respect of every one, truth, honesty, persevetam-e and suc cess in an honorable profession, a moral and religious. life, filling high and responsible public stations, amenity, kind- liess and gentility, can give a man character, and the Edi tor of the Courier knows any thing of these matters we ‘tbirig of Col. Stark. We can “.llr. Cooper nnd the District Dill.” We take the following from the last Southern Recorder: • “ The enquiry has been made of us, whether Mr. Cooper, in the event of his election to the Executive oflice. would veto a bill forlayingoJ die State into Congressional districts. We have been further desired, if we could not answer the question ourselves, t«> make the enquiry of Mr. Conpea of the people of Geor- Irimself, to behalf of a large number ol ' S'«- . *, * Although we have aad no direct intimation of the views of Mr. Cooper on^hii subject, from the gentleman, we have no hesitation, from what wediave beard of the opposition of tbfs gentleman to the measure last winter, to say that he would veto such a bill. For we understood, during the session, Mr. Cooper used all his influence to have it defeat ed.'nod this with no ordinary measure of zeal and feeling. We understood ifiat Mr. Cooper believed and declared, that by the rejection of this measure alone, could the State delegation in Congress * stand erect’ when they returned to that body: that is, the portion of it which were of his sifle of the question. Thus open and zealous in bis hostil ity to this measure last wioter, we repeat, we have not the slightest hesitation in expressing our decided belief that Mr. Cooper, if in power, would veto the measure.” We think it is in our power to gratify ihe Recor der by atiswering the enquiry it makes “in behalf of a large number of the people of Georgia.” It is true, we believe,as the Recorder asserts, that“Mr. Cooper used all his influence to-have it [the Dis trict Bi[l] defeated, and this with-no ordinary mea sure of zeal and feeling.” And where is the advo cate of Slate Rights and State Sovereignly that would not have used most zealously ahd feelingly “all his influence” to defeat an impertinent and un constitutional tmerfercnce of the General Govern ment with the mode in which a State conducts and arranges her own elections? Has the Recorder for got the patriotic shout of “ Rights of the Stales and the Sovereignty of the Slates /" which it was wont to raise in its palmy days of Jeffersonian Republi canism ? Stephens alao accept the nomination for Congress. Thus tb,n k b ® ou gl;tto know something of Col. Stark, we have the gentlemen now all in the field. / assure hitn of tins, if lie will pursue his enquiries, he will ” ’ m - - . i find Col. Stark to be extensively known, altho' it may not be in the Editor's immediate circle, and bis character' that ofn talented, finished gemleman, the very impersonation of honor, honesty and consistency, even his own political ene mies being judges; he will further learn, that in the Flint Circuit at least, the Circuit of Col. Stark’s residence, that such is his enviable standing among hia neighbors and friends, that he will Receive an almost unanimous vote, without distinction of parties.—Geo. Jeffersonian. Let us see who they are. Cooper is a stern and unben ding Democrat, with his pripoiples ingrained, from which neither policy, calculation, threats or promises can in-luce him to depart the breadth of a hair. lie sets down his stake, and there it muatstay; every line must run with bis h or you cannot survey with Cooper. The only question with regard to anch' a man is, is he always right t Does he always ran exactly with tho cardinal poirtsl If you can rely on him in tln--o particulars you are safe—So" we be lieve Maj. Cooper to be. although we differed with him in the days of nullification. There was a disagreement is to meridian lines, which was all that divided us, and they have since been adjusted. Maj. Cooper is a man that can be known, because he is a man of principle. Wbat he was yesterday, he will be to-day and forever. He is a man in whom you cun put ail confidence, for the reason that you know exactly where you will nlwaysfind him. In his mor al character lie is unblemished. Mr. Craw ford is also a fine fellow, and much of a gentle man; but a little more politic, a little more calculating and time serving than -Mnj. Cocpcr. Ho is a thorough-going Whig, to be sure; but then we know that Wing principles aro not aa accurately defined ns they might ce; they are rather upon the sliding scale order, and governed by cir cumstance.: and Mr. Crawford has drank pretty deep of this spirit.—For instance, a! the last session he opposed tho Central Bank, but what did he care about the Central Bank, if lie could but use it to ooposc and embarrass the fi nancial affairs of the State, the Democrats being in power 7 Had it been as politic for bis party, he would have gone as strongly in favor on the other side. He also signed the rail road protest, but wbat care had he for the rail road, so lie could but embarrass the treasury by the pay ment of the two hundred thousand dollars 7 This is .Mr. Crawford. I Mr. Cooper cannot do such things. He must go straight I forward cost what it will, and run afoul of whomsoever he may. In the language of a valued friend now no more, Cooper “ will do to tie to;” but Mr. Crawford is sometimes like the Frenchman’s flea, put yocr finger on lorn and he is not lilt-r e—11i<-il tri- n.ls i • • : Ifm cut rely in trial rail- ! road protest of last year, and some thought be had turned Democrat outright. The great and striking difference ! between the two men appears to bo this : One has a set of I fixed and permanent principles, known and read of all men; I A grei the other is a man of policy—too often adopted to serve n of Mr., Calhoun)* speeches, which, it appears, did not in- party, at the expense jf the country. ! elude those he delivered in 1816. Messrs. Ilsrper and Col ritark and Mr.Stephens, who oppose etch other for i Brothers, the publishers, give the ft" Maj. Cooper’s vacant seatin Congress, ore br.th geifiemen which slmw why they were omitted: Whig Mlmidcra. If sll bistory be not a lie, there is a tendency in the poor to covet and share the plunder of the rich ; in the debtor to relax or avoid the obligation of contracts ; in die majority to tyrannize over the minority and trample down their rights ; in the indolent and profligate to cast tue whole burden of society opon the industrious; and there is a ten dency in ambitions and wicked men to inflame tbese com bustible materials.” The above is taken from a speech lstely delivered by Mr. Goddard in Rhode Island. “History (says be,) shews •a tendency in the poor to covet and share in The plunder of the rich.” Tba^ may be, but that same history (al though penned very often by time-servers) also shews that the poor, or the mass of the people, have very seldom suc ceeded in regaining a share of the goods the rich plundered them of. But Mr. Goddard goes on to charge the people, alias the poor, that they want to “relax or avoid the obliga tion of contracts.” This accusation comes with a bad grace from a member of the party that passed the late gen eral bankrupt art. It is highly ridiculous when we all know that a majority of the men are Whigs, wbp have just shuffled off one hundred millions of indebtedness, by taking an oath or two. We must however, agree with Mr. Goddard, when be says that there ia a tendency among the indolent and profli- gate, to cast the whole burden of society upon the industri ous. But who nre the indolent and profligate 7 Must we look for them amnne the poor, or amnntr directors of cor porations and people holding offices, witli'large salaries 7 F- O. Republican. And is that print now willing that the General Government shall decide for Georgia whe ther she shall elect her members to Cofigress by Districts or general ticket? There was a time when, ifsuch an act was even squinted at by the Federal Government, the Recorder would have cried out, t'Opposition! Tyranny! Consolidation! Centralization! Stand by your arms, people of Georgia!” But, times change and men change with them; yet principles are immutable—and it is a principle with the Democratic party that a Stat^ has a sovereign right to manage her own elections —and it was upon this principle that Mr. Cooper acted when he opposed the arrogant land unconsti tutional dictum of the General Government which sought to compel the people of Georgia to divide their State into Congressional districts. As a mea sure ufexpediency, however, we are not prepared to say, whether Mr. C. prefers the district or gene ral ticket system. But of this we are very certain that whichever of them receives the sanction of the people ofGeotgia, that will be the one which will be sure to meet his hearty and cordial concurrence. It may he amusing to our readers to hear what was the Recorder’sopinion oft^e District sys tem in 1825. In that year the House of Represen tatives passed a bill districting the State, which was thus noticed by that paper: “The will of the majority—not of Hie people, btjt of the Legislature has been done. After a warm and animated debate in the House of Representa tives, the bill dividing the State into Congressional districts, passed by a vote of 61 to 57. Little doubt is entertained but what it will pass the Senate. Thus to subserve the views of a few designing men has the old established customv <aul usages of the Slate been encroached upon, with which fault has never been found." O, consistency, thou art a jewel! Messenge thundered his charge and denunciations against Governor McDonald, that’he, Toombs, was from the people “before the pgople,” and ranting to the people; and that the rumor was rife in Milledge- ville that the “Heroof Tnliaferfo,”.Mr. Stephens, joined in the “doleful sound” that issued from the Tombs? ’ But, probably, the “Hero” has ’come doten, and will not accept his nomination! If so, we must 'Cut and coriie again. The Messenger “canoot exactly comprehend the honesty of that system of politics, by which a professor in one part oftlie State, applauds a certain measure, while a professor ol the same creed, situated in another part of the State condemns the same ineastire.” Can’t ye? AVby, 1m, ha, ha! (my dear fellow- excuse laughin*g,) why, we say, it is as easy to comprehend it as it is to comprehend the honesty of that sys tem, by which you and most of the Clay Press “in one part of the State/’’ condemn the odious Tax Bill passed by the last Legislature, while your nominee Mr. Crawford, “situated in another part of the State” applauds “the same measure.” “Do you take, Sir Charles; do you take?” But, we must confess, that we like the Messenger’s logic most hugely. It reminds us of the cyphering gen ius who proved that two,and two didn’t always make four. “If,” said he, “you put two and two upon a horizontal line, they will make twenty-two —but, if you put two and two upon a perpendicu lar line,you chit then, ifyou choose, make four out of them—if you can’t, I’ll eat snakeS.” Is the hon esty oftlie Clay party horizontal or perpendicular? Ha, ha, ha, haw!—’bye t’ye, neighbor. were-entttled to in proportion to their nffjnbers, <Tn | |f e nattowt.. ccoe tne country wt.,ct, tbev seep^ . . rt . tion oftlie one which it la proposed to allot forihpr. I the east ofthiB'MiMiMjpfHf Undectlie sap^twipt this 1 tion.on the West of the Mississippi. Should promise, and tempted by the abundance Of game, prove successful, iustipnlatiorfs will provide I ’ • ■> . I of carry-.og it into effect, which will render any rr, 4 emigration conlinued fioni the Cherokee nation, in ; present, unnecessary. It will be proper*u» openn I ra^s, .o.bc Arte™,. . ^ossasi^assaas^Si he** (^.raBajesggaaesN proposed to the other tribes.” I the hiiiiest tense of that term. Stark is deeply uiatked by his cliurncter, having a business mr, with gravj though I easy manners. Stephens’ character i. also very well de- | fined in hiaperr-oo, being a dapper, neat little gentleman. wiib n very ladj iahed in his manners and cress, be w ill he al his |>o his chamber tbornining b< Stephens we should exp id IV If , 1 voice, am : each other for j Brothers, the publishers, give the following explanations, To the Editors of the Fational Intelligencer. Gentlemen: Our attention has been drawn to a publi cation under the head of “ Political History,” in ytiur pa- ,cr of the 8th. instant, referring to a volume of Mr. Cal- nddre ,t during bui „ks and pap- it to tin,! in tho library, looking seutt^don- I ^ (,un s Speeches recently published by us. The title to the volume, we are obliged to concede, (on mess hours, and in , ■, , ... vhen not there, having our attention called to it,) is capohle of being misun- library, lookin’ deratood, when viewed apart from the two pages of Index ire and curious works duriug the hours of business, I to the Speeches, contained in the |-ife of Mr. t alhoun pub- nnd in the ladies’ drawingrooms or at the theatre at other Iwked by us several weeks previously ; which index it was times. ! intended should also have been published in the volume of ' We should like to tee this political campaign carried on Speeches issued separate from the Life. Our title-page in a more courteous style than has been lie usage of the hereafter will be fcpeecbe?, Ac. of the lion. John G. Cal- bclli-erem parties heretofore. And wo are happy to say boon, referred to *n hist\fo.” The omission of these last that “hr characters of the gentlemen on both sides fully I words was an oversipht; sod yoo do us bat justice, there- warraiit os in such a hope. \Ve shall oppose Crawford and fore, in acquitting oa of an intention to mislead the public Sieohens. hut not pcr-onallv : their priueipl** at* all (hat I mind. It ia due also to the gentlemen whomada On Com- ..e'slnlt mm.■ n 1 se-.mst because we behove diev nr.- Dilation to say, that tee are responsible for the Title-page !ve ri'MI espo^Ii,^"" C^ier aud Smrk. ! f"Ai^rt^nmn, te ffle vo’oine. the ropy of the title cause we believe they arc r Hr. Ualbouu—Mr. Clay—Indian Relations— Southern Recorder. “jlender unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's !” The introductory remarks of our excellent friend, the-Recorder, in his rejoinder to our reply, about our challenging ’‘the fair fa i:e and honor of” our “own State,” and all that sort of thing, would be considered “all fudge” by Goldsmith’s Mr. Burchell were that amiable personage now alive. In advo cating in out humble way a just appreciation and recognition of the claims of Mr. Callioun, we are induced to believe'that we were advocating no more than what the people of Georgia will most assured ly award him—but, we must ftankly confess that were we to express a political liking lor Mr. Clay, it would be very apt to be construed into an inyio- litic hatred of the best interests of the South, and of Georgia particularly. \Ve shall, however, dtp at once into the merits of our little controversy with the Recorder, as we are really desirous of divesting ttof all ejjtrantiius matter. We therefore assert, and propose to prove by sufficient evidence,, ^ It That the disposition of theTndians to retain their territory became more tenacious under the ill- advised and visionary scheme presented by Mr. Crawford in 1816, and may.be adduced asa strong and impelling-cause leading to many of the dan gers-and difficulties which we subsequently encoun tered in treating with the Cteeks and Cherokees. 2. That the wise, benevolent, and practical plan and measures of Mr. Calhoun tended greatly to melioratethe condition of the Jndians, and to fen der equal ahd exact justice to all concerned. And finally, 3. That the injury and injustice which the wick ed, mischievous and bargaining administration of Adamsand Clay, inflicted upon the white as well as the red man and the sovereign institutions of our country, have no parallel in the political history of our Government. * . • In 1813, Mr Crawford was sent as Minister to France, to fill the vacancy at that Court, occasion ed by the death of Mr. Barlow. After a bootless and fruitless mission of two years, Mr. Crawford returned home, and was placed by Mr. Madison at the head of the WflrDopartment in 1815. Ia 1816, Mr. C’s celebrated Indian Report, which cre ated much sensation at the time, made itsappear- Thc plan of Amalgamation which he pio- frotq Mr.;Ca!houn’s Report, March 29. 1824,] commission was constituted to*treaewith the Cher okee nation, on the basis of .he atrangement made by Mr. Jefferson, which was followed by the trea- ty-of the 8th July, 18lt, which, among other things stipulated that a census of the Clicrohee nation should be taken in June following, and that a pottion of the country should be ceded to the United States, equal to that which those emigtaled to the Arkansas were entitled to; that is to say, if it was found that one third had .emigrated.one third ofthe territory should be ceded, anti so in qny other.proportion, according to the number that should emigrate. To carry the treaty into effect,' Congress appropriated, by the act of (lie 20th April, 1818, the sum of 880,000, in or der To defray the expenses .that might be .Attendant on the emigratirfn oftlie Cherokees to the Arkan sas. It was found, however, impossible to take the census as proposed by (lie treaty, in June, and va rious causes delayed" its final execution till the be ginning of flip year 1819. In the mean time, the emigration of the Cheiokecs wasincessantly urged by all the means in possession oftlie Government. ‘‘Tlie appropriation being finally exhausted, a del egation of ihe Cherokee nation was permitted to vis it' the-seat of Government, in 1819, in order to close the treaty of 1817. It was ascertained that about, one third part oftlie nation had ernjgrated, or en rolled to emigrate to the Arkansas; and the delega tion proposed to treat upon that basis, which was acceded to. It only remained to fix on the portion of teiritory to be ceded. With the view of throw ing the land to be ceded witlvin the limits of Geor gia, and to separate the Creek and Cherokee na tions, the Government proposed, that all the lands lying souTh and east of Etowah, one of the main Branches of the Coosa river, should be ceded by the Cherokees; but it was found impossible to in duce the delegation to yield to that proposition or to tyiy other more favorable to Georgia, than that which was adopted. They were fixed in their de- ternlitiation, particularly, not to be separated from the Creek natiotf, by anf intervening white popula tion, and to cover their'northern boundary by the- Tennessee river, which necessori'y threw the ces sion made bv the treaty into Alabama, Tennessee and North /Carolina, as well as Georgia. Since the treaty of 1819,>two attempts have Been made, un- det^ppropriations of Congress, loopen a negotiation with the Cherokee nation for further cession, both of which have proved aborih’O.”. Irwfll thus be seen, that, according to its own stipulations, tfic'treatyof 1817 could not.be closetl until 1819, in consequence’ of the impossibility of Taking the census of the Creek naliou in conformity with the provisions of that instrument, and that eve ry effort which the Department could justly use was put in requisition to promote the interest of Georgia, by a speedy extinguishment of the Indian title within her Unfits. This authentic and recor- From I'loritli*. The following gratifying intelligence we extract from the St. Augustine Herald, oftlie 17th ultimo. The compliment to Mi. Benton, for hisable, pat riotic, and successful efforts in promoting the wel fare and securing the repose of the beautiful Land of Flowers, is richly merited. She will now ra- uuu . nidly fulfil her high and interesting dcstinv, which porate, by a humane and benevolent policy, the natives of 1 ^ ° ^ ..... it, til., .,enn» A mueionn fnmilu nf frnpmNn titan posed, will be found in the following extract, which we make from that singular document: “Ifthe system already devised.has not produced all the effects which were expected from it,new experiments might be made. When every effort to introduce among them ideas of separate property, ns well in things real as persen- al. shall fail, let intermarriages between them and the whites be encouraged by the government. This cannot tail to preserve the race, with the modifications necessary to the enjoyment of civil liberty and social happiness. It is believed, that the principles of humanity in this instance, are in harmonious convert with the true interests of the na- It will redound more to the national honor, to incor- I not li edit Our 1 nd in u Difficulties. We have high authority for stating that every npprrhc sion of further uostihtie* from the remnant of'tiie Snninoh remaining in Florida, has ahoff?ther censed. They ai ronreutruted within the limits temporarily aliened t! en nod ur« ■»•» reduced ns to feci their weakness, and fear if i other motive restrains them from depredatory acta. The I reelv visit Tatnpa, trading as wa« usuul. h?i 1 are ii •ifie nettleri in their neighborhood in almost daily course. W lien the proper time arrives they will Lc pet! to '.heir new hoti.es in the west. As i»i» inst.nrx'e o: their complete submission, it is r i,.v ua that Iai-pe nntnbers of wn’.d cattle nre in their vi nod doling me recent visit of Gen Worth at Tampa. u*?r- i Alt irii'ision aike.i hy some of the Indian* k- miom them; an< but thejr were refused, and the redskins acowios* cd with* re^t * ifiormur.—jSf. Auf*sti)»e Her aid. ing been received from the compilers until our first >n wa> printed. itcspectfolly, yours. Arc. HARPER & BROTHERS, w York, July 17, 164‘J M by inter* *b*P- i tin Ugl’ 7'fir !a»t of tlift Corked Ifnf». Mohawk Courier Mates that a gentleman nun tv has in hia possession, the cocked hot worn by i. Theodore 8edgewick, of Maasachu.cettes, when • of the House of Representatives in Congress, uist have been abour fifty years ago. > fast, gentlemen. We have in Savannah a gentle- he Revolution, and one too who is not ashamed of e of Democrat, w ho still wears bis cocked hat. rcnerable. and stricken w :h years,may his health rei.gih be spared to him as long os his heart can he prosperity of his country* 8a:\tnnah Georgian• is to bq the Garden Spot of the South—indeed, we may say, of the whole Union. Bltssed with a bland and balmy climate, in which tlw voluptuary may revel, and the constitution ahno;t dilapidated by disease, be restored to vigorous hcalthfulness, Florida possesses advantages not enjoyed by any other portion of our wide-spread Republic. In ad dition to the tropical fruits and productions, which almost spontaneously spring up from her soil, it is also eminently adapted to tho culture of all our great staples; which she will at no distant day ,pour intaour marts in rich abundance. In an ag ricultural anti commercial point of view, we pre dict that she will be second to none in our great confederacy; and, wbat is much better, that she will shine a Stah of no ordinary splendor and mag nitude in the pure and brilliant firmament of Amer ican Democracy; The Armed Occupation Bill, and the Oecnpa- liui. of Tlorida. our forests in the great American family of freemen, than .. ® ofF-' 3 ,J of It cat to receive with open arms, the fugitives of the old world. whether their.flight has been the effect of their crimes or their virtues t" It is needless to say, that this wild and quixotic proposition,’after exciting much feeling and censure was suffered to sink into the tomb of forgetfulness,» and would not now have been revived, but for some ill-timed and unfeeling allusions recently made. The proposition, however, left an impress upon the ; anguished." Could there be mpre plain, more im- detl exhibition of facts .will also enable the Recor- de r to amend his writ, & correct tbe.errors into wh icH lie has unintentionally fallen, by doing justice to one who has so ably and assiduously labored to protect the rights and advance the best interests of our beloved State. But, to exhibit in a still stronger light Mr. Cal houn’s urwired and determined disposition to do what man could do to satisfy the claims of Geor gia, and that too-as p/mnprly ) as possible, we ex- tiact what follows frorii his letter of January, 1824, to the -Cherokee Delegation then at Washington City. “You must be sensible that it will be impossi ble for you to jemain for any length offline, in your present situation as a distinct Society or nation witlrin the limits of Georgia, orof any other State. Suclra community is in compatible with our sys tem, and must yield to it. This tiuth is too stri king and obvious, not to be seen bv all of you. Sur rounded as you ate by t^e people of the several States, you must either cease tube a distinct com mu nity, and become at no distant period, a patt of the State within whose limits you nre, or remove beyond the limits of said State. For the United States to fulfil the compact with Georgia, the title which you hold to lands qs n distinctcoinnimunity must be extinguished; mvl the State objects to the extinguishment of it, by vesting in you, or any of you, in lieu thereof, the right of individual owner ship. If any of you acquire that right to land, ami remain there after the bond which holds you togeth- : er as a distinct community is dissolved, and your present title is extinguished, it must be by purcha sing the property and acquiring the title from the State within which it lies.” Could there have been a more determined and energetic course than this pursued, to induce the Cherokees to an immediate surrender of their soil and a recognition of the claims of Georgia ? If there could we cannot possibly imagine ir, unless we had been so callous to every impulse ofjusuce and humanity ns to have resorted to mere brute force, and extirpated from the face of the earth a comparatively untutored and defenceless race, who . While thus ably and patriotically consul^,.' I interests of the S6utb, and pointing to thetluj.4 the General Government, Mr. C. was not fa-,- of what justice, humanity, and sound policy mnnded for the Indians. He said: “ I cannot, however, conclude, without reraaito, - arrangement ought to be made, which does not re--.' interests of the Indians, as well as our own. and ti/- ! tect the interest of the former, decisive measurescc-|>/ adoptedj«to prevent the hostility which ninstalino..t t» * l ily take place, if left to themsolves, among trite, t," brought together, of discordant character, sad rc ,. '. which are actuated bv feelings far from being frim#,! wards each other. But the preservation of peirsm-? them, will not alone be sufficient to render tkeirrar-: as .eligible in their new situation, as it is in thair 1 •> .' Almost all the tribes proposed to be affected br rangements, are m- re ot less advanced in the smote- zedlife, and there is scarcely one of them which bu t: j the establishment of schools in the nation; affordin' - the means of moral, religious, and inteUectn*lmiprn, tt j.' There, schools have been established, for the mosinr. religious societies, with-the countenance and ail'/. Government; and, on every principle of humanity, tbcj finuanre of similar advantages of education ought tab,, tended to them in their new residence. There is»»«. point which appears to be indispensable to be truardiii, der to render the condition of this race less afflicting, o, of the greatest evils to which they are subject, isthur:, sant pressure of out population, which forces thetafterr to seat.without allowing lime format moral cad iotellc-;, improvement, for which they appear to be naturallj- rai !y susceptible. To guard against this evil, so ft alt race, tliere ought to be the strongest and ihe most v assurance, that the country gi ’en them, should be tin:... a permanent home for thetnseWes and their posterit?,!} out being disturbed by the encroachments of our citiita’ Not content with an arrangement for their itj. porary welfare and happiness, the beneficentfl philanthropic policy of Mr. Calhoun, followed tit Red Men of the Forest to the far V> -ern hornet- lotted them, and proposed the adoption of a pat, by which the’ Government, without destroying the independence, would gradually unite the seven! tribes under a simple but enlightened s-ysteina government and law-, formed on th; priucijilei our o\vp. The main features of this plan, so titr able to the head of a profound Statesman, andst honorable to the heart of an enlightened pliilanfrn- pist, have been adopted by tlte General Gov nient; and if faithfully carried out, will be attended with the happiest results, unless fqtc has decn that our Aborigines aro incapable of enjoying lit blessings of civilizatioir: What a vivid contra does this wise and humane policy present, w! compared with the unnatural, fantastic, and illnse- ry scheme of Amalgamation, recommended by Jlr. Crawford. The pending negotiation with, the Creeks, t which Mr. Calhoun alludes in rhe extract we ban given from his luminous Report, resulted ia Treaty with that tribe, by which every inch ground they occupied within her limit?, wmcrie to Geotaia. About this time, as we observed a little whi ago. unfortunately as it turned out to he for Gwp gia at least, and for the interests of justice am! be inanity, Mr. Calhoun’s official connexion with ce Indian Relations was brought to a close. Era mindful, however, of our interests, before going of office, he sharply rebuked the opposition whirl was made at thtj Pole-Cat Springs, to the Treat \yhich he had effected with the Creeks, and ti which they had ceded to Georgia all their !" within their limits. Let the people of Georgia!** this important fact in mind; and a'so, that dsn.’ Mr. Calhoun’s adminislmtinn of.lua WnrDe|*>' rnent, the Sub-Agent of Creek Affairs was ren#; ed from oflice, for exciting dissepsions amony Indians, tending to thwart the views of both G«- gia and the General Government. It will be fr collected, that it was at the Pole-C-if Springs • new Treaty was concocted, for the purposed straying the one negotiated by Mi. Calhoun; f that it was there also, the law was made that re suited in the murder of the distinguished Glut! McIntosh—an event which created an excitew 1 - never before felt in Georgia; and, through!* i wretched fatuity and mischievous policy ul-- | Q. Adams and Heh r y Clay, came nigh | ; • between bernnd the Federal Government, al'-'-' collision—and here we tome Recorder eh'.-’ '1 Y of th 1 of ant! umintma memorable epoch, when, as the ly expresses it, “the handy wor! West is made fully apparent. And now here, before God, and before the pe 1 of Georgia, we mo-t solemnly charge Henry - and John Quincy Adams, with being th p cause and prime movers of the main ilitr.en- dangers, injuries, and privations, which »>■ encountered and suffered in our negotiations the Creeks and Cherokees. It is true, indeed- were completely within the grasp of our power. | ffie hand of Henry Clay was not immediately “For the United States, (says Mr. Calhoun.) to fulfil the compact with Georgia, the title which you hold to lands as a distinctcominunity, must be ex- minds of the Indians which was not removed, and had its influence in throwing formidable stumbling blocks in tbe way of after negotiations—and the first ofthosc impediments was found in the path of Mr. Crawford’s succes.-or, Mr. Calhoun, who we shall now proceed more particularly to notice. Tho only sjiecificd fault that the Recorder finds with Mr. Calhoun, and upon which we can tangi bly fix, (for the Recorder is fond of equivoques.) iscontained in tlte following remarks, relative to the treaty of 1817: in the dark, designing ;rous pi**” Wl he subsequent events lifted tbe mask which c : ' • him from pubiie observation, pointed him out as the man, who, if nt t peraiiye. more decisive language employed ? There aml front ofthe offending,*’ was, at least, c>* could not—and it shows how deeply Mr. Calhoun collengued with those who Were, and gave to *' :: had at heart an honorable and equitable adjustment operations, a tone and efficacy that could not-’- 3 ’ of tlte important negotiation he wasso persevering- | bcen imparted to them hy any other indiv idus’- ly and wisely conducting. j To prove this, it is only necessary to ft’Veri We are now approaching a period when Mr. whole course of Indian policy pursued by G 1 ’" The whole nuir.l erof Permits taken out at the Land Of fice at St Augustine up to the l-Uh in 3 t. was V17; and from Her- the latest informal ion received from the oflhc nt New- nansville the number taken was near 700, and about 100 applications were then pending, it is therefore probable that the number qow actually issued from that office must be near, if act more than coo. The applications have actively increased at the St. Au- eastioc cilice, within a few days, and the same must have been the ease ,i Newuaiisville; sn tiiat we may now e.-ti mate the number of permits taken a’ 1000; a sufficiently clear indication that die whole 200.000 acres of land will 1 betaken up and that ttie law itself need not remain long in I force or require the suspension of the 1 iw by die President. County “This treaty (says the Recorder,) was made with the Cherokees, bv which that important sec tion of our territory, with some excepted reserves, was coded by them to the United Siau s for Gcor- At this stage of the matter, in comes the han- I ministration of Mr. Adorns, to the tier lariH 11 --- [ Mr. Clay himself, and to the testimony ol '■ who are now, O, wonderful to tell! his admirers and ardent advocates. What then was the policy pursued by air.s and bis bosom counsellor, Mr. Cloy ■ It was, to resist Georgia in the survey 0i CaUioun, unfortunately ns it turned out to be for Georgia at least, and for the interests ofjustice and j humanity, was to retire from the head of the War j Department, and leave the direction of the Gener al Government in the hand's of two men who had no community of feeling with Southern interests or Southern principles. But before retiring from the highly responsible and arduous duties of his office, lauds ceded to her by ihe Creeks, during t, e he made, as will be seen, another able effort to so- ministration of his predecessor, and to threat' - dy work of Mr- Calhoun, the Secretary of War, cure the rights of Georgia, to promote the well he- with tlte points of Federal bayonets. iuthee v and abrogates this treaty so beneficial to this State, : n „ 0 p t ], e ] n( |ians, and to maintain unimpaired the ) IC r commencing tbe survey, ami makes another, by which she is cut out of the . i i . ^ " , • „ „fthe (1 " 1 J . • i ,i integrity and dignity ofthe National character. , ft was. to countenance the abrogation ol 111 , whole ol this immense territory, with the exception j 6 J ° J | ll ' us , r eek I of a comparatively unimportant strip about Rabun I In submitting to Mr. Monroe, in 1825, a state-i Treaty, which ceded to Georgia all the tr ment of the names of the Indian tribes, then re- within her limits, and to promote the format 10