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T U £ TI A € O i\ U £ O R ti I A T E £ E « IS A I* U • IV >7i the Southern AVr >rJer. (Jcorgin, iiu.l her llcsodicci. A few years s'nce. the Legislature made an appropriation of Si 0,000, for a Geological Sur vey of the State. It was soon expended and since our rulers did not seethe capital yielding t'rcurli Cou: (ship*. A husband and wife have a son o e-and* twe; ty or two-and-tweutv years of age, whom they wish to see suitably married. Another husband and wife have a daughter, somewhat Fr i tin serve to deveiope the resources of the State in a variety of ways, while the only check to en terprise "ill b” tlie want ot knowledge as to what may propely be done. Let the warning admonition be every man-—'diversify your pursuits ” Lo k to the wants of society younger, whom they also wish to see ‘-settled and to individuals, and prepare to supply j i" life.” The former mention to some friend 20 per c^nt. interest per annum, they stopt j , henn Plant cotton, and manufacture what ( that they wish to ace their son. married* liammg the firth >r progress of the work. The facts j y OU consume. Supply your necessities Lom your the sum they mean to give him as his portion collected by the Geologist have been buried oun State labor—encourage your own com- nnd intimating that they will be happy if their some where—x) one knows where—and our ! merae, manufactories and agriculture—and | Iriend should be able In a few weeks, io tell Mdiedgoville fie ds, the Filters 1 mein, j, no Siattv in the Union can compare U-em of a y lY.eml of his who has a daughtt-r _ have not hunted them up; and su the peop'e w ith Georgia. She possesses t';e element of| wh«>ra lie wishes to see married, and wf>o can | re^i/appears toatkfo^ arc ignorant of all tliat has been done. Won- we a|tb in a greater degree than any other State, give the same sum with her. Th dor if Gov* Crawford would not let some one an d can deveiope them with less cost. 'She can the young I,my make the same cdtnmunioatton I .age for th* President wescon.wur copy the inter-sting facts contained in there- minu f acture iron at one-thirJ the cost thal some friend in reference to her. The friend j nFr*’^' 'limbTr port of the 1’rolessor, for publication in the i Ponnsylvania can. Shu emi raise wool at one- j oft e fiundj, in either case then runs over in comowo<tatxra has been made by ill papers emanating from the Metropolis ? The I fourth the cost that Vermont can. Every thing his own mind the names of all the families in writer was permitted several years sinco to s propitious for the advancement of our inter- the same station of jife r with whom I e is in- esls. 'Form the basis, aod soon the supers- t-mate. Eventually the former meets with some tructure will rise; we have a cessation of local j father who is "tiling to give bis daughter the 1 same amount as bis frie> ds are willing to give glance hastily over its page*, and lie recollects that large beds of marl were found in the coun- tiesofScriven, Elbert, Washington and Stew art; greon sand in Morgan and Greene, all ex cellent fertilizers of soil. M irble in Cass and Cherokee; Iron in Habersham, Cass, Walker, nnd othercount'es; superior granite in Baldwin; plumbago in Elbert; an extensive and rich bed of copper in Putnam; le id and other valuable minerals, plaster-of parts, and other useful nnd interesting substances, were discovered, all calculated to swell the wealth of the State, if capi tal but knew of their existence, that it might seek an investment. But hero we must stop short our intelligence of the valuable minerals which nature has placed in the bowels of the earth, to enrich the Stn’e, and truM that from some other source this defi ciency shall be supplied. What have the people of Georgia done to de velops the immense resources with which she has be •» blessed 1 Or what have our wise leg ist itors done to afford to tho people the informa tion by which they might properly direct their labor? We answer nothing. We have raised •cotton, and bought every other article of con sumption; and wcltave gone into other States to expend all our profits in farming. Could it be believed of us, yet it is so, that scarce a grave stone seems to point out tho resting place of a relative or friend, but the marble has been wrought by the entepri.se nnd labor of the peo ple of another State! The very cotton which we grow is transported abroad, and nr-nufactur ed i->to cloth for our own consumption. Our fores’.s swarm with droves of entile, whose hides when slaughtered, are carried to other States — tanned, and returned to usinsnoesand saddlery. W-e purchase fr m abroad nearly every pound of iron which tills our soil, while the hills of our own mountain region teem w th the purest ore in the Union. Even the fruit which we consume is btought from abroad. Our stores and shops in the cities and villages, are filled with tho apples and pears brought from New England, Virginia and Carolina; while no State produces such fruit at all comparable with that of mountain Georgia. And what is the result of this policy? We pay our neighbor to carry away our cotton and raw-h des; we pay them for manuficturing them, and for bringing the manufactured article to us again. Wo pay for foreign labor, and a profit to those who employ it, while with a proper economy we might save lo the consumer all the expenses of transporta tion, and yet retain the teward of labor among Ourselves. But shall we do this until we deveiope to the people tho ability thus to serve them, and pro mote their interest? And shall wecease to com plain of impoverished lands, and pinching, star ving pursuits, so that when one shall fail, ano ther may prove more profitable; and thereby mutually contribute to the support of the gen eral mass? fs not this the secret of the suc cess and prosperity of the people of New Eng land ? Look at Mass ichusetts, whose people are more prosperous than any other Slate in the Union. Her annual prolucts in agricul ture arc $15 000,000 ; in manufacture, S80.-' 000,000 ; and her citizens have $12,000,000 invested in fisheries. If one branch °f labor fails, another miy be more profitable, and the successful one may be able to bear up and sus tain that winch is less so. But with us, all out labor is in the cotton field; let drought or low prices come upon us, nnd we all fall together. Canr.ot our people be induced to diversify their pursuits, until they do this? Why cannot Georgia diversify her agricul tural pursuits, as much so, as any other State 1 Wheat is grown profitably in every section of it, but more especially in the up- country. It is of the best quality made in the Union. Southern Hour is preferable, and is more valuable, and,commands a higher price even in New York, than Bor own "canalflour;’ ■because being d/ itd, a given quantity yield* a greater amount of bread, than alike quality of Northern flour. Forthe same reason, it is more valuable and more desired, for the trade of the British West Indies and South America. If Georgia knows her interests, she will become a competitor for that very valuable trade. With- an article less likely to damage, she has the gi c tier advantage to prevent loss, by a dimin- ishe I distance in water transportation. All the State north of Milledgville, is admirably adapted for wheat culture. Tho Cherokee dis trict is especially so; and when the means of transportation sh ill have b en completed, and an outletbo made through the Western and At lantic Railroad to the Ocean, mills must nnd will spring up every where for the manufac ture of wheat and very >h wily Georgia will becom j a greet exporter of flour to other Southern State?, and to foreign con dries. Unless the >ame lifeless, listless, inert feeling con'i mes which has thus fir trammelled her enterprise, i" less than ten years her exports politics for two vers. Let the press rouse up | some amount as ins trie' ds are willing to give the people to the* building up ofour State The with their son He commences the negotia- patriot’s erv should be hc-u-d every where in I 'ion by remarking, “I have a friend who has patriot favor of unfolding the vast resources nnd dor mant energies of the State. Tne people should be shown what they’ could do and how it might be done. These two years should be given up to our country, and when the next Legisla ture shall assemble, the represenlive should br made to know, through the aroused energies of the people, that it was for the advancement of their interest he was to legislate, nnd not for the downfall ofa party.—Wherever localities favor a particular pursuit, it should be the busi ness of the press, and tho intelligence of the patriotic, to point cut its practicability, its prof its, its advantages, and the facilities of accom plishment, this will pour a flood of light upon hidden treasures, nnd point out the path that leads to their acquisition. AGRICOLA. Short Patent Sermons. NEW SERIES—SO 198. My text may be fouod in the writings ofDryden, in these words— Look round the habitable world; how few Know liieir own good, or,knowing it. pursue! How void of reason are oor hopes and fear*! Whit in the conduct of our life appears So well designed, so luckily begun. But when we hive our wish, we wish undone? My hearers—In taking a general survey of tho whole human race, we fi id a precious few indeed who actually know what is for their own good;yet there are thousands who pretend, and sometimes think, that they are pursuing the path of profit, hapiness and honor, when they are just ns far out of the way as our City Hull clock has heen forthe past month or so. Tne truth is this, niy friends:—you all wish for more than you want. You give your desires permis- siun to come to the grab game; and grabbing for too much, they must generally get hold ol nothing. Your inclinations for the most part are naturally evil: and if you allow them to rule without restrain, you will just as surely be sac. rificed upon those altars which y..ur own folly has reared as my name isn't Gabriel Gam- tnon. My respefed, but erring fellow mortals—the few of you that know your own good are too apt to put off pursuing it till to morrow. To- mor'ew 1 oh, beware of the fatal illusion ! You must make the most of to-day wltde it lasts ; for you are not sure tomorrow will beyours. In fact 'omorrow never conies dressed in the golden garb in which it appearsat a distance: It changes its habiliments ere it enters within the confines of to-day ; and not unfiequeutly, it casts otFsill its jewels of joy by the way side, to be lost for ever among the dirt and rubbish of oblivion. While you arc lolling and loafing away your time waiting for its approaching, perhaps you are not aware that a good portion of it has al ready passed you, and that every passing hour dioves you a notch nearer your graves, and, • hat whatever you have left undone, must re main undone forever. There is no going back ir.lo yesterday to stop up any of the cracks of misfortune which your own negligence has caused and through which tho chill winds of penury blow to-day. Yesterday is the grand receptacle for all things that are Washed down the ditch of time, whether good, bad or indif ferent. They are destined to lie there undis turbed and untouched safe when fieshlcss fingers of memory poke round among them for the sake of filching some ideal treasure. Yesterday, my frie'tkt, is a storehouse of great events. You were all bom yesterday—the world completed yesterday, all except a few polishing touches, which were ieft for us to clap on to-day—yes terday Rome rose to the highest pinnacle of her grandeur, and yesterday she fell as flit as a pancake into the ashes of insignificance— yesterday Alexander the Great led his armies to battle and conquered all creation, with the exception of mn-quitoes; yesterday lie sat down and cried like a child because lie had no more to conquer; and yesterday the ladder of his ambition fell to the ground and he found himself caught in the meshes of death, hke a pitiful fly in the web that the spider weaves. My hearers—how void of reason are your hopes and fears! You grasp at shadows instead of substance; and at the same time are frighten ed at the shakingof a straw. Hope is a rain bow, that exhibits beautiful hues upon the reecd- ingsborc of adversity; but as for endeavoring to obtain posse'sion of it and all its glowing colors you might as well undertake to secure moon shine in a rat-trap. Even a lien your wishes are obtained, how often does it happen that you then wish that you had never come in possession of them! for, morally spunking,you are ns blind asbats by oayliglit, inasmuch nswbalyou most dccre too frequently proves your greatest pain. You have an aching desire to accumulate, all on aged so and so who w.shes to see him mar- i ed, and is willing togive him a certninsum as liis portion. You have a daughter a few years younger,for oflhe same age, asthe case may be.) I think if you are disposed to give a similar for tune with your daughter, that a very suitable •mil mutually advantageous match might lx* made between theparties.” Iftheotheragrees, which is almost invariably the case, it is immedi ately arranged tliat the parents of the two young persons themselves, shall meet some early eve ning at the house of some friend, in order that •lie young gentleman and lady may see how they like each other before agy forther steps are taken in the matter. They are both inform ed of the object for which they are to meet and are asked to endeavor to make themselves as agreeable as possible. They accordingly meet, are introduced toe cli other as persons whom their parents are desirous, if agreeable lo them selves, of seeing united, because! they conceive tho match would prove conducive to their mu- tual h.tppii ess. A few words pass between them of a very vngueand general character and not having the slig te-t reference to the circum stances in reference to which they have been brought together. T e company breaks up, and the young persons, on their return homo, are respectively asked by th- ir parents how they liked the proposed *‘parti.” An answer, intim ating willingness to enter into the matrimonial state, is usually returned by each. Tne answer of the one is communicated to the other. The young gentleman then visits the young lady at her parents’house two or three times, but al ways in the presence of her mother or elderly female relation. A day is appointed for the marriage, which usually takes place in a few weeks. The bridegroom, for sucii he may now virtually be considered, must still observe the greatest formality towards his intended wife, not even taking the liberty of giving her a kiss as they part, unless he has previously obtained the consent of her mamma, or the matronly re lative « ho has the care of her.—Paris and its People. Pennsylvanian. Texas. V. r e have been banded for publication, the subjoined let ter from Mr. Woodbury. the distinguished representative I oi .New Hampshire, in lire Senate of the United Jit to a | Committee in Carroll count;., Kentucky, on the sul ject of Texas. It will be perceived that this eminent statesman discerns no constitutional objection to the measure of ad mitting that State into our Union, and tltaf he prefers, if Texas make an application for that purpose, her re annexa tion to thn United States, rather than he r aunexaiinn to any other power, or the endangering of our rights and interests in that quarter. WASHINGTON'. Dec. 16. 1843. Gentlemen—Your letter ot the 93th ult., reached me to-day. The resolution m u h-ch you refer and request a ierrs as to the policy of ad- parents of! * , *^**S’~Texas into the’ United States. Ttiis resolution ‘ 1 I was passed, and your letter written, before the late mes- tied to Congiess. and age would recommend t. lint as no such re President, the subject is not likely to become at present one of any political inter est. and hence an answer from me to your inquiry may not now be deemed important. I should therefore refrain from any further remarks, under the circumstances, were it not possible that some might consider such a course as evincing an unwillingness to ineel the responsibility of making my opinions public on the question proposed; nnd that tho ques tion may, on some oilier ea’rly occasion, arise, so as to re quire legislative and executive decision. For reasons like these, I would present briefly the following views : I think, in the first place, that no constitutional objection exists is to tlie admission pf Texas into the United States, which has not been overcome in the case of Louisiana In the next place, the reasons for her connexion with us are stronger than for her annexation to any other power, her territory being within the limits of Louisiana, as purchased by us from France; her present p'pulation being mos’ly educated in our system of government; and their pursuits, manners, and institutions being all more nearly resembling ours than those of any other power. But it is not to he for gotten that Texas ia now an independent nation; that she has been thus recognised by ua as well as others; that no ap- plication appeaia to be now pending from her to be annexed to the United States or any other government; and that no foreign nation is now likely to take possession of her terri- torv, or to endanger our riehts or interests. Under these facts, 1 am not enabled to discover any good ground for our interference or action in the matter; but should new facta occur, my course would be governed by the character of these facta, and the general principles I have had the honor to submit to you. Respectfully, LEVI - WOODBURY. To Messrs. George VV. Sanders. H. Ramey, jr.. F. Bledsoe, E B. Campbell, W. B. Lindsay, and J. P. Cox, Com mitiee. — From tie Globe. WASHINGTON, March 20. T844. GENTLEMEN—Several of- the newspapers reaching this city onyesteiday. contain a long letter, written by Mr. Web star, against the annexation of Texas to the United Stales No official information 1ms yet been given t*> the public that any treaty has been made, or even any negociations goingon upon that subject; and l regret to seo the opinions of per sons so distinguished as Mr. Webster thrown out on the public mind, evidently with the view toc-eate prejudices in advance agaiust such a measure. I have long had in my possession the letter of another distinguished citizen of this'country, deeply deploring the loss of Texas bv negotiation, and warmly advocating its res toration to the United States. Heretofore 1 have n-1 thought it proper, in any respect, to publish that letter; but lam in ducea now to change that determination, and to send you a copy of it. It was written by Gen. Jackson tm re titan year ago, and with no prwwble party purpose whatsoever. With hint, the question orannexatinn rises infinitely above all mere party considerations. Subsequent letters, (some very recent ones) which I t;ave seen, whilst they show the deepest anxiety felt by him for the success of the measure, yet treat it throughout as a great national question, identified with the beat interest of the whole Country. In the game spirit of nationality. I ask the publication of his opinions, that they may go out and stand before the country, side by side, with those of Mr. Webster. General Jackson discusses the subject in various points of view, and especially in connection with the military defence of this country. In this last respect, all must admit that lie is pi culiarly competent for its discussion. I sincerely hope th neither Mr. Webster’s nor General Jackson'a letter will be read witn a party bias, or even adverted to for party pur poses. Respectfully, your obedient servant, AARON V. BROWN. Messrs. Blair & Rives. D E MO CRAG Y. Tlie Right* of Women. Tlie rights ofithe mot e helpless sex, a re becom ine to be understood in other States as well as in FluriJa. The present Council have passed a law upon thesuhj- ct, which we trust will ef- A ctually bar ib * grievous oppression which fe rn >les hove heretofore labored under. autenaaH those people who d rive their notions of Juslice from the old feudal systems of the d irk ages. We trust that the law which has been passed by the present council when carried out in practice, will place the tights of women, upon a higher, a more correct, and surer foundation. Whatever oi" public duty, tho present council may have omitted to do, vet in doing this, wo think their constituents will have much cause to bless the memory of those representatives «f 1844, whose sense of justice anti whose intelligence, sfimu- lutt'dthem in the advancement of this measure. But it is not in Florida alone, that the atten tioaof thepeople has been turnsd to this subject. Many of the Slates have either passed laws, securing to females their right in theirown prop- ot ty, or d scussed the necessity of such a meas ure in their legislative assemblies. Tlie people have begun to think upon the subject—light is being thrown around it. Truth is beginning to be heard and it jvill not be muny years, before that absurd doctrine of the ignor.i"! & barbarous custom of feudal times 2 —tliata WxFEcannot hold the properly which she brings to the marringe state—will beswept from the statute book of ev ery State of this Union.—Star of Florida. oi or au stuffs " dl beequ >1 to one-fifth those of the wealth that thn wor'd can afford; and yet you •our cotton. And blind indeed is the capitalist, ought to know very well that you increase your wh.t tfo'-s not see in tlie great enterprise which cares and miseries just in proportion as you m- r.nl read communication furnishes, the real za- crease your riches. Many of you youngsters Tien of greatly remunerating profits, in theman- j w nit to get married before you hardly tinder- ultteture of the minerals with which the moua- stoid the true meaning oi the word matrimony, xun region abounds, on f in tl ecreaii tnofall the tnkiugitforgranted that as my friendSbakespere fix'tire's for advantageous commerce. A new says “if’t were done when ’its done t eo’twere iK'ure w et a will dawn, whether nolens vo/ens, and tlie great railroad comnirnicition wifl prove the ariviiii wheels tothc engine of national wealth a id enterprise in Gcoigia. .'re -rcely a brick is how laid i t Georgia, which is not cemented with lune which has travelled over a thousand milos. Scarcely a fire is built in snir.J of our ciiie-t, which Pennsylvania does not furnish with her c>a!. Scarcely a plough-hoe, which is nut now brought from England ; and nearly o te-liaif tho flour which we daily consume, | which htts not passed the locks of the Etiej canal. These tilings will all he change?, and we in turn will bee >me producers for others rather than their consumers. It is no unreu son a hi • estimate, that in ten years two ntil- iioi) Ol pro i net ion well it were dee quickly and still in nine cases out of ten, you wish t -at what lias been done were quickly undone My friends—the betier way for you is to just be content with such crumbs ns may fell fmm heaven, without worrying and s'ghing for d;o loaves that were baked for others—and you will be happy. Ify>u are good children, and behave yourselves as you ought vour heavenly parent will provide you with >o tp and sit ris, beef and breeches, so long as you sojourn in this terrestrial sphere. It you are determined to be 6 satisfied with your present condition, and are continually wishing to change, von - don’t know what is for your own good; and you will find anything l'ke comfort and pence | 0 || ; ,rs anntmdy will be added to tin- though you live to be as old as the ancient and of our iJtuie, by the completion of venerable Tartta bogus. So mote it be! A ITIolher’a Grief. There is a touching sweetness in a mother Is tears when they fall upon the face of her dying babe, which no eye can behold, without im bibing its influence. Upon such hallowed ground the foot «f profanity dares not approach. Infldeliiy itself is silent and forbears its scoff- ings. And bore woman displays not her weak ness, but her strength; it is that st rcngtlt of tit tacit- tnent which can never, to its full intensity, be realised. It is perennial, dependant upon no climate, no changes—out alike in storm and sunshine—it knows no shadow of turning- A father when he sees his child going down to the dark valley’, will weep when the sTiadow of den'h has fully come over him and as the hist parting knell falls on his ear he tnav say: “I go down to tin* grave of my son mourning.’’ But the hurry <>f business draws him away; the tear is wiped from his eye, and if, when lie turns from his fire-side the vaca cy in the family cir cle reminds tiim of hi* loss, the succeeding day bltKiis the poignancy of his grief, until at length it finds no -permanent scat in his breast. Not so with her who has borne and nourished the tender blossom. It lives in the heart where it was first entwined in the dreaming hours of night. She sees its playful mirth or hears its plaintive cries. A suit of a most novel character was lately trieil before the Circuit Courtin New York, to re:over $6,000, beitt" an amount lost by Robert II. Davis, at a faro table kept by a man named Henry Colton. Mr. McVean. counsel for plain- till', in openingthe case to the Jury, staled tliat the plaintiffs nro commission merchants, and die defendant keeper ofa faro bank. The present is an action of trover, lo recover $6,000, which plaintiff* allege tlteirclerk lo have embezzled from them, and to liave lost at tlii* faro bank. The clerk had the entire Confidence of plaintiffs. He was their book- U0D *. an j Ig ; tmil v bear upon thus keeper, and concealed his frauds by false entries. The n ot undertake b. follow it nut to it :rii"Uin ol money nnbczzlcd by In in i* between 9,000 and respects ; thoupli I imi^t *;• v thnt. i SlO.OOt 1 . $6,000 of which he lost at the establishment of ile nexalion of Teias to the i nite.l St femiant. between $1,000 and $0,000 m o*licr places of die the circle of free instituti •!>- and i kind, and the balance in purchasing lottery tickets. Gamb- States,particularly as lessening thi ling by a law oftlhs rhate, is a public offence,anil title does collision with f- rei"n powers, ami HERMITAGE. Feb. 12,1843. My Dear Sir—Yours of the 23d ult .has been received, and with it the Madisonian, containing Gov. Gilmer's letter on the subject of the annexation of Texas to the U. Slates. You are not mistaken in supposing that I have formed an opinion on this intere: ting subject. It occupied much of my attention during my presidency, and I am sure has lost none of its importance by what has since transpired. Soon after my election in 1829, it was made known to me by Mr. Erwin, formerly cur minister at tne court of Ma drid, that whilst at that court he had laid the foundation of a treaty *vith Spain for the cession of -the Floridas. and the setdemqnt of the boundary of Louir iatia, fixing dm western limit of the latter at the Rio Graude,* agreeably to the un- dersltndingof France—that he had written home to our Government for powers-to complete nnd sign this negotta- lion; but that, instead of receiving such authority, the nego tiation was taken out of his bands and iranferred to Wash ington. and a new tteaty was there concluded, by which the Sabine, and not the Rio Grande, was recognised and estab lished as the boundary of Louisiana. Finding that these statements were true, and that onr government did really give up that important Territory, when it was at its option to retain it. I was fillad with as- loiiiahuieut. The tight to the Territory was obtained from France: Spain alona ready to acknowledge it to the Rio Grande: and yet the authority asked by our minister to in sert the true boundary was not only withheld, but in lieu of it, a limit was adopted which stripped us of she whole of the vast country lying between the two river*. On such a subject, I thought with the ancient Romans, that it was right lever to cede any land or boundary of the republic, but always to add to it by honorable trea'ty. thus extending the area of freedom; nnd it was in accordance with this feeling ghat I gave our Minister to Mexico instruc tions to enter upon a negotiation for the retrocession of Tex as to the United States. This negotiation failed, and I shal 1 ever regret it as a misfortune to both Mexino and the United States. Mr. Gil mer’s letter presents many of the considerations, which, in my judgment, rendered the step necessary to the peace and harmony of the two countries; but tlie point in it at that lime, which most strongly impelled me to the course I pur sued, was the injustice done to us by the surrender of the Territory, wiiett it was obvious that it could have been re tained without increasing the consideration afterward* given for the Floridas. I could n t but feel that the surrender of *o vast and important a territory wa» attributable to an er roneous estimate of the tendency of ouriustiiutions. in which there was mingled somewhat of jealousy to the rising great ness of the South and West. | But I forbear indwell on this part of the history of this question. It i* past, and cannot now be undone. We can now only look at it as one of annexation, if Texas presents it to uj; and if she does. 1 do not hesitate to say that the welfare aud happiness of our Union require that it should be accepted. If in a military point of view alone, the question be exam- ined, it will be found to be most important to the United States to be in the possession of that Territory. Great Britain has already made treaties with Texas; and we know that farseeing nation never omits a circatnstance in her extensive intercourse with the world, which cau be turned to account in increasing her military resources. May ahe not enter into an alliance with Texas ? and reserving (as she doubtless will) the northwestern boundary question as n cause of war with us whenever she chooses to declare it, let us suppose that, as an ally with Texas, we are to fight Iter! Preparatory to such a a movement, she sends her 20.000 or 30.000 men to Texas; organizes them on the Sa bine, where her supplies and arms can be concentrated be fore we have even notice of her intentions; makes a lodg ment on^tbe Mississippi; excites the negroes to insurrectim; the lowet country fulls,and with it New Orleans; mid a ser vile wat rages through the whole South and West. In the meanwhile she is also moving an army along the upper wes 1 em frontier from Canada, which, in co-operation with the army from Texas, spread* ruin and havoc from the Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico. Who can estimate the national loss wo may sustain, be fore such a movement could be repelled wah such force as we could organize on a short notice ? Ilemctnhrr that Texas borders upon us, on our west, to 42° of north latitude and is our southern boundary to the Pacific. Remember, also, that if annexed to the U. States, oar western boundary would be the Rio Grande, which is of itself a fortification, on account nf its extensive, barren, and unhabitable plains. With such a barrier tin our west, we are invincible The whole European world could not in combination against us. make an impression on our Union. Our population on the Pacific would rapidly increase, and soon be strong enough for the protection of our eastern whalers, and, in the worst event, could always be sustained hi by lilita'y aids from the intermediate country. F/oin the Rio Grande, over land, a large nrinv could not masrh. or be supplied, unless frotn the Gulf by water, wbich. by vigilance, could always be intercepted; nnd, to march an army near the gulf, they could be barraased by militia, and detained until an organized force could be raised to meet them But I am in danger of running into unnecessary detail, which my debility will not enable me to close. The ques tion is full of interest, alao. as it affects our domestic rela- f Mexico to us. I wil( "n those Whiff Arguments at the North. : Wc give ijhe following extracts from th e " H tvert correspondent of the New York U with regard to the Connecticut election, wlnci'.^' plnce on last Monday. The Whigs electione^ the South, on the plea that Mr. Clay has his views on the subject of a High Tariff: t | e ‘ ^ lowing will shew how they electioneer Sot (p ^ the Nori't: ns: “ The Whig presses and Whig orators make at>. Tariff the burden of their song, and charge r ” :e rive wim radical free trade principles, which thev e - '"' !r It substantiate by extracts from the. - Plebeian a- '' t *0 they are called, which bear the political endor Hl! [***'*M “ Plebeian office,’’ of your city. The Democrats endorse the ultra principles of the •• Tracts," but h question by advocacy of a Tariff tor revenue a. As that ground take issue The influence thusexerr i*^ t5 ; manufacturers, and by them over their workaea ■ “’•t — ■ ! much to the Whig vo”te; and should the Beirn... Oon.occ.mc Candidate* for President. r , ate<)> they m>y “ ttribate u, eir loss moreTS^LS MABTIIV VAIV Bl KL\,o!XY | of “Plebeian Tracts,” than to any other cause.'' 01 *”^* And as to the use they are making, cfth e Tt'MSOAY MORNING, APR. LEWIS CASS, of Ohio, RICH’D. -If. JOHNSON, of Ky JOBirV TYLER, of Virginia, To be decided by a National Convention iullftay, 1844. lion of the Annexation nf Texas, to foru n - \j Clay’s prospect, and to injure the Democratic - * the succeeding extract will explain. I n 0 ,* V| number, we ventured the opinion, that the nnf would make a party question of the Annexe'..'. Tcxa9, and use it as a bait, to secure tlie ists for Mr. Clay. The following would The present time is favorable to the elucidation j corroborate that op.mon, ,f tt was «* loook**„ of tlie operations of a Protective Tariff. Take the nee f, P rno1 ’ . Tariffof 1842, which had Protection for its oBject, i rresfoenti,’'^ 5 :t and Revenue for its incident onlv, as foIIV as the while the Democrats, with their usual tro«r4o4,.°7*f m . , , . ■ . ,y | aider the reau.t important, but sav. “ If we) ... .1. • 1 artil <>l ^6 ever had, and lei US Witness its-eflects. doesn't affect ua much, as Ci-nnecticut was We will premise, in the outset, that the effect of i by us. or any body vise, The Wtiy n. Protective Tariff Operate*. a Tariff for Protection is to curtail imports, and consequently, to disturb the balance of trade. To the extent of the curtailment of imports, gold and silver flow into the country, to re-establish the lost balance. The exports of tlie United States, during the po litical year, end : ng with the 1st of October last, a mounted to Si 00,063,26l!, and the imports amount ed, during the same period, to 539,260.895—the excess of exportsover imports, then, is 810,803,371. In order to make up this difference in our favor, the nations trading with us, have had to make it up by importing gold and silver. All litis wituld be fine, if it cotthl last; but let us go-on, and see the effect it (ins produced on, the prosperity of the country. 1844. the Coin milt ee appointed for that purpose,« The $10,803,371 of foreign gob!, thus obtained, a previous meeting, consisting uf Geo. R. Hunter, Whigs, with the Courier nf ynurcity. have opr- f( j j^ 1 ;' quest ons that will be followed with results i* and West, calculated to materially detract from pecta of Henry Clay. They first assume the np„ n , u ',’. Mr. Van Boren to the Annexation of Texas. «nd ibext. the purpose of cajoling and neutralizing the abrkiuo, of this State, avow uncompromising hostility to sui-i.V-. ' ure, now and hereafter. To secure the Otanafacarm they avow decided favor lo “ a Protective Tariff; i-foi nounce the idea of a Tariff for revenue as ridtculnci^r^i ruinous to all Northern interests. Should aaccesj fo’jjJ tlieir efforts, with sucii a flag, and such watch wordt, f * will itetFeel the prospect* of Henry Clay in the ? ~-’-L and Western thaws? Your intelligent readersc»arttT, answer this qaestion.” Crcvrfard Democratic Meeting. Atari adjourned meeting of a pmtion of the Democratic Party of Crawford countv, held fo Knoxville, orrSaiurday, the 30tb day of March, W ever A- it ; r P- !ro?U ft wit! DOW, Jr, m.t i sst upon money received thtoogh it. One of the points which makes the case lather singular is. that the clerk ltint- sclfis a witness. When it was discovered that the money was lost (in Feb. 1813.) Dows tc Guitean entered into an in- vestigati <n. an.I tilt-clerk escaped lo Jlivana, where lie re- in dued some months and telurned. While tliete he com- null ated to liis employ era licte, the mode in whiclAe dis posed of their money. He is now in jail at the suitof Dows A Guiteau f< r the taking of this money. Ile was brought to t : e stand, and fully detailed the modus operand/ of all his ti an-aciion-. The jury, p.ve a verdict in favor of Dows it tiuitesc. plaintiffs) for y-i-’i- 1 , ilh inures: since February, > consequences in i all its aspects the an tes promise. tu enlarge . essential tr the I Jaded probabilities of future -ivinj! them greater effi ciency in spreading the blessings of pence. I return you tny thanks for vour kind letter • ject, and subscribe myself, with great sincerity, Your friend and obedient sincerity. ANDREW JACKSON. Hon. A. V Brown. P. S. The papers furnished me by Mr. Erwin, to which I have referted in this letter, cap be placed it, your posses* sion, if desired. A. J. "Tliat this boundary could have b«en obtained, was doubtless the belief of our minister in Spain; but tlie offer of the Spanish government, was probably the Colorado—-cer tainly a line far west of the Sabine. went, of course, into tlte vaults of the Batiks, in the cities where the import was tnmlc. Tlie Banks were thus enabled to issue their paper <>;i it, in large quantities. The consequence s-on was, as every one knows, money became so plenty in New Yoik, that it sought every outlet for investment. Speculators eagerly seized the golden opportuni ty to make fortunes. The facility of -eiiing money, enabled them to buy up large quantities of Cotton, and, aided by the general opinion that the crop would be a short one, the price rap idly ran up— At the increased prices, the general excitement and ease of procuring money, induced many inexperi enced persons to venture into the market, in every sea-port ia the country, and iu every town in the Cotton region. The planter, too, who hail just emerged from the embarrassments of years, was induced to lay out not only all the money he had, over the payment of his debts, but to make new debts, in order to in crease his landed interest and the number of bis hands. In fact, many merchants, and persons in other occupations, bought lands nt a price varying from 30 to 70 per cent, higher than the same lands could have been purchased at, a few months previ ous, in order to embark ioto tlie business of raising Cotton. Tlte demand for negroes was so great, that the price, in a very short time, increased 50 ot 60 per cent. Anti more negroes were brought into the Colton States, from Virginia and North Carolina, in three months of the past winter, than had been iiftjtorted in twice the number of years, since 1837. Besides, new Stores sprang up all over the coun try, and every merchant, almost, made his pur chases for the spring trade, in New York, based on the calculations so prevalent iu every brunch of bu siness. Now. mark the result; the accounts received from Entope, by the steam-ship Hibernia, although as favorable, as to price, as could reasonably have been expected, failedrio bring orders for- the pur chase of Cottons, to any considerable amount. The speculators found their bills maturing, and the pru dent disposition to witltdraw from the business, having occurred to each one engaged in it, simul taneously, no ptitchasers could be found. The disposition to sell increased, tlte indisposition to buy grew with it, and soon alarm began to spread among them. A panic was the consequence.— Colton ran down to a point even below its real val ue, faster than it had previously gone up. The same feeling pervaded every other business. The speculator in Cotton, in many instances, is ru ined, beyond hope of remedy; the speculator in negroes is forced to sell, at a less price than he paid in Virginia, after losing, additionally, his double and expenses; the planter, in too many cases, finds himself enthralled again, and the prospect of pay- ingout, with Cotton at a low price; and the mer chant finds himself with a stock ofgoods, exceeding the wants of the country, under the altered state of things. Are these nut facts? And are not our de ductions correct? If they are incorrect, we shall be happy to have any errots corrected iu our rea soning. And sucii fluctuations will ever occur, under a TarifF for protection. The momentary stimulus, such as wc liave just witnessed, will cause tnen to embark into business, with such a scale of expen ses as must cause their ruin, with the fluctuations which inevitably ensue. Suppose a mechanic contracts to build a house, at a time when every thing is low, anfWjefore lie hires liis handsand pur chases liis materials, one of these temporary rises : takes place, the low price of his contract and the i i price of his expenses must ruin him. Suppose a man Mail taken a contract to build a certain distance of Rail-Road, last fall, at the pri ces then current for such work, and had to hire his laborers and buy liis moles, utensils, Ac., at the rates of such things on the first of January last, would it not prove disastrous? Ami on tlie line of t lie Georgia Rail-Road, many such instances have actually occurred recently. Fluctuations must always result from a High Tariff. But to produce an eternal see-srtw in the i wages of labor and the price of property, with an u “* occasional revulsion", to scatter devastation widely l over tlie land, it is only necessary to include anoth er United States Bank in tlie category of Whig doings. G. J. Green, and James J. Ray, Esqs., reported the following Preamble and Resolutions, which were unanimously adopted: The course pursued by the Whig Party in the Piesidential Election of 1840,—in their d\s\ngesu- ous and unmanly attempt to mislead the public mind, as to the principles and pur|tosesofthe Wiiig candidate; and more rerently. the attempt notr making, by means of the organization of Cn Ciubs—the delivery ofinflaminatory electioneering harangues—and the circulation, throughout the country, of political tracts, to elevate to the Chief Magistracy of the Union, an individual who hit shewn himself always the inveterate and smite- times the successful enemy of Southern interest and principles, and of Georgia in particular, ad monish us of’the necessity of an early and efficient organization of the Democratic Party. In the o- pinion of your Committee, this can he effectually done, only by tlte formation of Democratic Asso ciations—having for their immediate object the fie- qtipnt anil friendly interchange of feeling and sen timent—the circulation, during the approachinj canvass,,of sucii political intelligence as will serve to exhibit, most clearly, the claims and quaiifin- tionsofihe Democratic candidates for President end Viee-Prestdent of the United States, and at the same lime vindicate the character and principles of the Democratic Party. To this end, the Demo cratic Party of Crawfi rd county are respectfully and earnestly requested, as soon as the nnminatioi of its candidates for President and Vice-President is made by tlte Baltimore Convent ion, to bold* general meeting, and form itself into a Democratic Association, for the purposes already ineniiotieJ.- In the mean time, the political opponents of Henry Clay, residing iu Knoxville anti its vicinity, for the pur|*ise of at once repelling the assaults which «.'* now being made on the Republican Patty, ando* promoting 1 an early and efficient organization of that party in this county, deem it advisable to re commend the appointment of a Committee so* persons, to be called the Democratic Central Com mittee of Crawford county. In furtherance of these views, your Committee herewith submit the follow ing Resolutions: Resolved, That tlte Chairman of this meeting A> forthwith appoint a Committee, to consist of not Its than nine persons, to be known asthe Central Dec- craiie Committee; and that said Committee si-- have power to choose its owa Chairman and see - te’ary; and ihst'the Chairman nnd Secretary tho*. chosen, shall constitute.a Commiuee of Corresp® 0 '. ilence; and the Chairman shall be further author.- j zed to call a meeting of tho Democistic Pof 1 .' 1 whenever, in his opinion, the interest of the paty may require it; and that whenever this meet- adjourns, it will adjourn, subject to the call«•*“ 1 Chairman. 11 That tlte Democratic Party-f: ' ted to Iw"* I county, tie, ami they are hereby reque^ 1 gen-ral meeting, immediately after the atb-^ merit oflhe Democratic Notional Convent <.n. i- • held in Baltimore iu Mny next; anJ lh al ' friends in the different districts in the comity,' 11 - - quested to take ssefa steps as wilk best w** niie the party in tlte support of the notnine eC '‘ Convention. - } dissolved. That we have unshsken confid**^ the integrity of our principles and the success 1 - ^ cause; and we cannot refrain from (tie of the hope, that Georgia will not tarnish erto uttsul ied honor, by casting her vote fo dent, for Iter ancient ettemv—Henry Cia\- ^ Resolved, Trial the proceedings ot this m- ^ be signed by the Chairman and Secreu-’-’ published in tlte Democratic papers ol N 1 " ’ . Under the firs' Resolution, the Chair tlte following gentlemen the Committee® * ^ which, on motion; the name ot <l' e Cbm'- 11 ^ j added, viz: G. R. Hunter, G. J- Gte eI1, | Howard, J. Ray. R. Hicks. J- fe’ e,a " ^ ^ vis. D. Causey, and W. H. Brooks- mitiee appointed Geo. R. Hooter, Eft- 1 el man. and J. J. Ray, Secietary. . J. C. HARVEY, Chatrr^’ Isaiah Davis, Secretary. The New York Express snvs, “Thnt the death of Gen. Bertrand transmits the title and majorat of half a million of francs setiled by the late Emperor to Count Napoleon Ber trand, who is now about to return to France.*’ A *\ew Jail. We call ihe attention of contractors here a ^ ^ t , u r to the advertisement of the Justices of the^ ° ^ cM i?r * iif relation to the contraction of a nev- * ; .i p rob^' .ill bean iinpo. tanc one, ... tlta co 5 t of the Jail *' ^ ,.ot be le,< than $ .0,000 to $,0,000. It ^ portutiitv to builders of making a safe and P ;, 3 r tract . As soon as die old Jail ia removed, -na ^ the town facing tlte Parade Ground, will he a 1 “ ^ ft b!e and delightful part of the city for reatdenc publican. op-