Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

M A c o n 6EOKG1A TELEGR A P H T H £ welcome truth u (tees singly in <>ur ear*. and mnlrr* a labored a ray of proofs tmnrrr—y and idle. '1 be/e is ono |»ru«f. hurrrrrr, of such a nature, and sue »n- elusive in itself, that I will call your attention sjieciilly to it—it is this t The present tariff - law was passed l>v a t/ongresa decidedly whig in both branches, and by tbo snne Con.'(wa in which Mr. Clay brought for ward his af-itemeiition.d rcMiIulinns; and in 'he aama month of June, 1842, in whieh Mr. Clay neei-ed 111* prc-ideiittsl n»m nation from the whig* of Georgia, a whig committee of that Congress introduced into the House of Representatives the bill which now forms the ter.tF law of the land. With Mr. Clay's tesolii- tiona and speech in favor of adhering to the principles of the compromise, in favor of so adjusting the lartlT on those principles as to rai-e sufficient revenue, and in favor of the ad valorem method of laying the du ties.—with, I say, all these things fnsh from Mr. Clay's lips, and resaunding through the country as the well coi.sidered. deliberately'announced pituctples on which he pioposed at once to adju-l tile tariff 1 , and canvass fur the presidency.—under all these circum stances it was, luat Mi. Clay’s iriends ir. Congress, soon afer Ins resignation and retirement from their midst, set themselves to work and concocted and passed the present taritf. Yea. it was under these circum stances that the northern and western whig*, aider! (as I haveabesdy fated) ly a part of the democrats Irorn the same quarters of the Union, enacted the present tar IFover the heads ult'ge of the wings and democrats of t.io south, and in utter v elation of the very prin ciple* wtiich Mr. Cliv himself h id so recently reitera- ties ted and recommended in the most solemn manner. 1) • you tbina this Imguage loo hatch or too strong t You will think so no longer, when you shall have gone along with me into an examination of ihe real charac ter of the act of 181-, and sh ill have had laid bare to your view its enormous and iniquitous violations both of tho letter and prtneiple8 of the compromise. Bear in mind that the compromise contains two great provisions, or stipulations, in favor of the south, and of all other |M>rtions of the country that do not bug high taxes to their bosom as a blessing. Thrve two provisions are. 1st, that from nnd after the 30ih of June, 1S42. all duties that were previous ly higher than 20 per cent, should be brought down to that rate; and, 2dly, that all duties should, from and after that time, be assessed ad vaturtm, that is, on the real valuation of tbo goods imported and liable to duty. Let us sec, then, in the fust place, how the tarilT of *42 deals with the ad valorem principle of the com promise. And, if you have not looked cJteiully into the subject, you will be unmet! at the extent to which it goes in upsetting and trampling down that piiucipte, I give you a list of leading articles in which it is »io I sled. You cannot but be struck with their number and character—with the magnitude and important e "I the space they fill in the c iminerce and consumption of the country Here is the list: Unmanufactured wool, costing more than 7 cents per pouml; also several manufactures of wool, such as carpetings, flannels, bockiligs. amt baizes. Cotton snd manufactures of cotton generally. Manufactures af silk generally, ond raw silks like wise, with the exception of floss silk, puiifled from the gum, dyed and prepared for manufacture. Hemp, and the most important manufactures there of, such us cotton bagxing, gunny doth, sail duck, cor dage. cables, yarn, twine, packthread, seines. Flux, unmanufactured; oil cloths of all kinds. Iran of all kinds, and a great variety uf articles made of iron. Lead; copp> r in rods and bolts, copper nails, spikes, and patent sheathing metaf C«al, coke; glass, and a great variety of articles crude of glass. Leather, and boots, shoes, and gloves made of lath or. Hate made of wool, and bat bodies or felts made wholly or in part of wool. Balt; sugar of all descriptions; molasses; spirits and wines of all kinds; paint stuffs and oils; putty; bonks; paper; pepper; spices; provisions and bread stufls of all sorts, anJ a multitude uf other articles; the whole making a huge proportion of the foreign commerce of the country, especially in the class ol necessaries. And accordins to the treasury books, it is apparent that, fiotn the 1st of October, 1842, to the 30lli of June. 1843. more than one half of me reve nue derived fioift imports was obtained from articles in the taxation of winch the ad valorem principle is violated. Tbs furegiing roust certainly be admitted to Ite a pretty strong showing of the violation of the ad valo rem. principle committed by a whig Congress, and now espoused, sanctioned, and applaud.-d by the whole whig party of ihe north and west, in the very face of tho obligations of jibe compromise, and of the recom mendation of Mr. Clay, who, in his aforesaid resolu tions, urgently advises, a- we have site uly seen, •• Ilia' e-perially a maximum ra e of ad valorem duties -hnulil be established, from which the.e ought l<T te as hub departure os jio-silib .*’ The inquiry irresistibly for res itself upon ns n! ibis po'nt: Y-'by have the whig party thus acted? VVhal co ilJ have been the inducement—what the temptation to the wiiig Congress of 1842—thus, and under such aggravated circumstances, to trsuple under lout the ad valorem principle ? That Congress was ■ citiinly un der very high obligk|ions to observe snd respect it. first, because it was the principle of the c»inpromi-e ; second, because General Harrison was elected, draw ing the whig party along with him into power, under a pledge to suppurl the principles uf the compromise; third, because Mr. Cray, the acknowledged chieftain of the paity after General Harrison’s drain—the os tensible exp merit of thrii principles, and the man up on whom they were avowedly rallying as their candi date for the presidency—was not only the author of Ihe cumprom se, but bad continued at all times, and in the must express iiianner, to ad' tit a-'e its principles, and to iuculcate the policy and obligation of observing them. Tnese (to say nothing of other and more general arguments that might be mi-nlmiied) were atr mg *pe- ciil reasons why the whig-, bnih in and nut ot Cun gress, sli iu!d hive anxiously adhered io the ad valo rem principle. Why, then, the question again oc curs, did they disregard all Ibrse considerations, and to grossly violate that principle, in the aijuslment ol she laiifF? The answer to this question is as easy !i« find, as it is humiliating mJkti found, ll is lo be looked f.,r in that bad quality uf human nature, which, with the certainly of instinct, leads men who have made up their minds to the commission of one curoe.or wrung, not to bo over sciupulous about (he commis-iuu of another in order to conceal or screen it. The serret, then, of the otherwise incxpli nhie violations of the ad valorem principle with which the lariirof 1842 abounds, is this: The proteriionists, in and out ol Congress, were determined, fur the emolument of the manufacturing inlet eats, to raise the duties on certain leading a-tides of nece-gity and consumption to great- lif higher rules aiore the twenty per cent of Ihe com promise, than could be justified by consid-rulii/n nf revenue,- to raise them, indeed, to rotes so hign and enormous, that they shrunk from publishing them to the people in plain ad vohrem phraseology on the statute book. Tilts exorbitant nic-cjse of duties for tho take of protection was the main |toin( on which the resolves of Hie party were fixed. This was the radical, the gainful crime against the compromise and the people, which they could not find it iu their lucre loving hearts to lose the opportunity of perpetrating, but which they deemed it politic to mask, os much ns possible, from the view of their injured countrymen, although that very masking to which they revolted constituted, in iisdf, a second and independent crime both sgairist the c mpromise m.l the people. Here, then, in the artful sod anxious desire to con ceal from tire people the magnitude and injustice of the taxes to which they were about to he sul j Tied, we are famished with the true •f the pro'fclionists to the post*, and thrir fondness, us cxhihitoJ in the existing tantF. for the av-tem of minimum;, ficlitinua valua tions, and specific duties; for, under tin* I .Iter system, no nun can tell what amount be istaxeJ on Ihe arti cles which himself or Ins fmnly consumes, unless he can fir-t find out ho v much tile article! cost in the foreign country whence they an- brought, and how pr c ss ot disentangling th real rales ttom this per- pl xeJ stMim of spici c duties, and minimum »alua- ti, n>, and irduce ihe whole la a plain ad valorem ptr Ctntugt, bidore he ran omveula satisfactory idea of the degice of taxation. Well, this if a kind of aiilb- mnicin which the bard working, tax paying people of this country are uoi generally versed. Taking advan tage, then, of these difficulties under whieh Ihe people necessarily lth>r, and which open such a wide and in viting field for the arts of oblu-cation, m srepres illa tion, nnd deceit. Congress, in 1842, for the sike of promoting Ci rtsin | et ititere.-ts and investments of cap ital at the north, ventured, in violation of the com promise, in violation of all equity and constitutional right, to cover up, under the disguise of spetific du ties and minimum valuations, ennunous rates of taxa tion on most of the leading and es>emiul articles of consumption; rates of taxation so exorbitant and op- pres-ive, that neither that Uong'css nor any other that ever sat woull have daied. for such n purpose, to im pose them in the plain, honest, open-laced method of ad valorem duties. On cotton goods, for instance, although there is a nominal rate of 30 j«er cent . y« t the duties oie, bv a curiously contrived system of minimums. made actual ly to range from 30 per cetp.lo 100, dnd even to I5tl per cent, and upwards; the cheapt-ruinl coarser quali ties invariably paying the higher rales, and Ihe liner and more rosily ones the lotvrr ra'es; thus taxing people in pooraml middling rirruinstancis inoie heavi ly or; their necessaries, than the rich on their itixu- ..enp e. Hut I would not be for gaining those advantages. IA TtJ <A T> \ however transcendent and lusting I believe they would be U 1?1 V Jl A 1/ Y. j -Miti'-ulinn i a,.cm O.J.r Ii) (ill in. Ui.v - if, ««--?- h?, .na'.Mn.m *" mi,', tha qobatmn. Now.I [ , miseiabie ,-h fi ..f vontending that heavy taxation laid ou for- b *„ f bri " m ;„d to the conclusion that | * < “ ° f -I.* ' i-» f *a V'S» r It I 8*er is, tii j? hit'll duties* make cheap poods. How did i »at ai*-wer origiiu e? Shame; *eceu* y. p*»l* >’» ®H r»n*pirea to j«r iiij tine inipo;er» tud beueficinue «»! duties Co\rrthou ci*hmui mod tlieif cause with soiiifc prHfXt ol j ?Mifiruiion; and in order to do to. they VtVtr dtirroiMthe distribution wai sb«*n un ihe carpel; ind it passed. But iluw did il pass ? Ab an absolute ami uiicondldona meas ure ? No ! but with a proviso which evinces in the strong est p »ss*b.e manner the Nammy which ibe 20 per cent ra*e ol the compromise thin p«a>eased in the eves of that Con gress. Mr. Berrien proposed ud Mr. Clay and a majority of both Houee* voted for, an amendment to ihe original hi.I, pr«»vi ling that if at any liiue duties should be imposed ex- j cceding ibe twenty prt cent, tf the cotnpronii>e- the dis- ' tribuiion should stop, and should remain suspended uutil ; times a Mai reiuialioir ot meir woras. co n » w “*”v* . -j C|J . ol | ier eti'oris or important movements in nei ' the duties should again be brought down to iO p r rent., on These men eiamor for protective duties, on the very eroun have been hhuife by Mexico against her since that de- which even* the tlisribution should be again commenced, ihat without them, the foreign manutactuier woum trinp . * . Vir y u Jt was, in font, the consummation of Texan So that, according to the solemn legislative opinion and ac- 1 Ins count*odit> here and under sell »he domestic mnnuuu> ; -.^n^ence, and has produced throughout the world the lion of these gentlemen and of Congress in 1841 the raising turer, and drive him out of the home market; thus tamo- j f oitlable effect of an event s<1 decisive. The most pov^ of the duties above twenty pe» cent, for any purpose, even j ting that such articles cannot be produced nnd made in i J , Stales »»f Europe have fully recognised the indepena* for revenue, was a thing n«»t to be jusufied, provided it l/nited Stales near so < heaply as in foreign couiunes. A na f Texas—not suddenly, it 13 necessary to btar m J j ■ \°- • i. _ ■ r Mv V iaiti« Mil. lncontri vert- cii c «•» itAaa J • , - • - * »• for could be prevented by land sales into the Treasury —was a thing so bad that CuugtcN ««•« *#*• • —— b* vu *— *— -—— — — r - - . . , , . , ~ from il bv the penally of the lost of all this money to the J —are. and must continue for an Indefinitely long period to tug Lie JUBUMVU, a* I VUl.vu - — - — . O' I p[, .g iCXaS-—UOt SuUflCIU) • 11 *•» »lv bringine the money arising from the the reason why tliev csimiit bv, is obvious and tncuntn veri-1 . . a f. er lellioa time ew ueh ela asory fort te use of ilie Gov-rr.mcnt ible. Tlie ftrofiu of capital and wages of labor—-die two , ' overw j, e |, tl j 0 f virtnry 01 /an Jai that Congress were to be deterred • great element, ol the co,i of the pnxtucts of nians mdustry , „evcrw ..uld have reengi, _ pse fairly io ailest Jacinto was decisive, recognised her independ- Manufarluret of Wool ,eem not to have been in alto gether as great favor with Congress a, those of Cotton — doubtless because they are a techier and less extensively established interest, and consequently are less able to rn {1 rce dein intis for protection; lienee there was a wiliingnes- !• stop the dutyon woollen goods generally at 4U per cent on the real value;* degree of taxation which the prt teetinn ists thougi t so m.xJerate that they could venture to expre*.- it in plain ad valorem language. Hut there are certaii e -ases of woolens, f ir the coarser qualities of which a niuci. higher duty than 40 pet cent, was resoirert on—no wbio- the daiier were. fi>r the sake of protection, to be runup a- high as 60.90, aud even 100 per cent, on the value. Carpctiug*. flannels, booking* and baizes belong to this favored class, and here tiie ad valorem inode of laying the duty ia dropped, and the s/jrcific irntde adopted, and adapted manifestly for no other reason than to screen the enormity and gross inequality of the taxation. The four classes of articles just named are subjected to specific du ties on the square yard—ranging, when reduced to ad valo rem rates, fr.un 26 per cent, to 90 odd percent, in the case of carpetings; from 91 percent, to 100 i er cent, in the case of fl tii'nels; lrom 41 per ceot. to 60 odd per cent, in the case of buckings and baizes; the coarser and cheo|ier qualities uf each article paying here, as in the case of cotton goods, the higher rates of duty, and the finer and more costly descrip tions paying the lower rates; thus discriminating again ia favor ofthe tich and luxurious, and ag-iust poor and p ain- living people; an injustice unavoidable in a system of taxa tion in which resort is had to fictitious valuations, or specific duties. Suits', brown, is subjected to a riulv of 2] rents per pound; clayed, or «!arified to 4rets per p.-.ond; refined to 6cenu . - f revenue - A illd „ H ! in at w trh makes some per pound-the general range ol the whole being 65 to 129 , ejn m nol ra>ke 0 f tri f, t> no(ie wouW hare been found per rent, and tames the cheaper qualities of ea< b class pay- , conleil< j infir f 0P more lban ao me 10 per ceut. inc rase or a mg the higher ra'es-ihos again diacrimmaung .gainst the | * on , h . of „ ie ,ise. For there is I ..r,,n tiau Hiv The inevitable ente ot the revolted colonies ol BpantBii America, inciunmg imm miner looumrner. r nr a nr 9 weeS is, mat u^ribna^orp^dive du- j had r-n enough to Inv the .d JSt i# ^ ''equal'to the'ditreren/ebetween the cost «■««»"» bv their most so.eum sets ol recguiiion. which mean ellOlch Vanl-mucll less that kicked up by (fa po. . .H.'.i.. I.... ..it ,h,rnf «lii-ir nrndnetton wtth them a great deal more than the mere lormal hckitowl- , ... , . ^ ere a race ol point- jr .ht.ol capnal aim wages 01 .ao..r-are ...e o.m •' of[ |, e „ rcht p„ vvfrJ jf jjerone. Tney act on different pi in- cians anti partisans, who strain at a coat when the supplying j cliatig cable fm/hdatitn upon vrbca pnees permanently re- wh ; cll tlle ; r in.-iitutious in.'re naturally incline of Ue treasury is in question, but who can swallow a camel pose, mid by winch their general pervading level t* u*ci i ThVv are alow to sanctioo re.tatancr. m any shape, when tl-esustentation and enrichment of raauufacturing and and governed, whilst the ao mucb vaunted pnnctolca ot . J ■•thri pet interests is the object l Hue to proceed : ft was the understanding of the South, it was the understanding of Mr. Clay himself, that ihe ques tion of protection was put to rest by the compromise—so his Hanover speech shows; so his vote on Mr. Berrien’s a mendinent to the distribution act indicates; so again, even when in debate in the Senate in January. 1842,1.e exclaimed against raising the question of prelection, which, he said, lie hoped had been put to rest. And hence it was. that when ie brought forward his aforesaid resolutions in February. 1842, be was entirely ri 'eiit on the subject of protection, and faced his proposition to raise the duties above twenty per cent exclusively on the ground of the necessity of an in crease fir th, sake of revenue. Thenecessi’v of Govern- •> tut alone could justify any augmentation, and the necessi- ’ieaof privalr i-tdividnals and corporation* were not to •e allowed to enter as a disturbing and exacting element in Ue settlement • I the amount of that anguaemwaa. It is certainty matter ot profound regret that Congress did mi take these salutary principles as a guide in the revision >f the tariffin IS42 The whole subject of laying and gtad- lating the duties would then have been simplified—stripped •f the embarrassments growing out of engrafting on it. as a subtantive object a huge parasitical system of protection for certain favored employments of capital and labor. Thus disembarrassed, the rule by which Congress should have been governed in raising the duties above 20 per cent, wuulo have been too plain fur controversy. Tlie lowest rate of inctease that would have pro-tuced revenue enou|h for an economical administration of the Government, would have been mtivet -ally admitted to be ibe rule. For, when the object of laying taxes is to bring money into the purse of nobody but the Gorerarnem. all agree in insisting on the lightest exactions with which the Government can well get along. It i, only when individual cupidity on a large sraie is brought into play, and seeks to be gratified at tlie expense of the people—it is only when that which is a tax ou the great masa operates a, a bounty and sourt e of emolument t.< certain favored classes and pursuits, it a only under such circumstances that we behold the monstrous spectacle of meu and statesmen besieging the balls uf legislation for the enactment of duties doubly, trebly, and even qusdruply higher thin they thrmselvea deem justified hv considers ti ns of revenue Ay, indeed! if t at w it-h makes some IIACOX: TUESDAY .HAV 91, IS44. w o are i n The Season. Though Spring 19 scarcely hnlf pane, 1 the initial nl Siiinrrrer—the thermometer ranging from 87 f«» 95- in the shade! I n fact, there h*s supplj snd demand are but the d.e'nd^enJ: been »* Spring Uthe.seasons having made but one deV/ee.rof fluemati^s Theiueviullf eoce ofthe revolted colonies of Spanish America, including step, front W.nter to Summer. For 8 or 9 werta. conclusion hfnc«* is, f ~ * ** ' tica. we uiuat always jgHffssS;sssrsarirsBca i »*•' am »a^ \ - a -« °” c """ ! “ Her the present high protective tariff, than tl.«' were under X ‘ of \ w comvnllls did tint more effectually the snkntg tales of the compromise. To which l answer. . .. ... r „ r ' that if the fact be so. the world is full of causes .0 account independence fur us by force of a ms. (not as [ore" im"^V«entr e ^rt*tV/ , ’iVifl' , is I ie P «Sse d ' The «verthr..w .Jftl.e Mexican force, at Jacinto and am.ulta- | CV en of the ntljoining counties, they hnve bad OU-ihC-'-Ip-erf.lm-krirdiv ...he w, s; ... op b the iame p.oportiou with other it.mcs. And a ...at, has ,I,e idle sh- w or still bemg the parent State over Texas, n-w . work a. bird now as at any time within my remembrance. ‘"g 1 *' - VMr " •^ r ' l,e r „r b order** five 2nd .upflprt Ms family, and lay up a compe i whtcb so dectdedly perished on the plains 8 cent, per basket of »| ~ pounds rangi’g from 61 to 170 eer rent, on the value, ac _ | would so far hazard his reputation as to asy that such a* in- • crease would not protluee ample revenue—more probably. by nilli ,g. (which is the kiod.nos.lv usid in agricult.ire.J ' grewJy c°. a.U import.t.ons .bat ■'»>'*'»"■» *•«>'l 4s a duty of 823 per too. equal mml.a lore.,, ra C .e. of fron! L;!.kdrt" ldU|, 7 n «Imin»e.mbr.Bg the requisite revenue into the Treasury, in slabsjblotiina, &c., except castings, t nines under the same Nor is this all. ^These enormous duties, whilst they thus duty. Hish specihc duties arc likewise laid on other de- . . - n . .^ script,ons of iron, and on a -res, variety of article, made of ? x P"‘r' he Trea,ury_to starrauon, fleece tbe peopl. m-rere. iron. The general adv.lnr. m range of these dunes i. from '- v « '*«.** mc for ter y* H*JZ*?*Z nrire And SO to H.0 per cent., though some aril lower and others high- U,e *? *!» ve Bt » n - v P r,re ' A,,J ^ ..r,, - . - , tliev must get them from the Northern manufacturer, with "SSttlSZSS of .nit-.es made of glass, are ' •«* -hanceitien, of price ~c.*ionedby otprohibj- likew.se taxed with enormous specific duties, rum.i.ig up a, ^ dn "“ 'vh-ch shu. out^aod were “ J, ry stafement. and ranging from 39 io 70 per cent, adording ' b . ei ' J Mond ViSTfi® V' '“""fil"* to mercantile.'atenen^based ot. particular importations! eJ ' ,<lo f ted * ,he,r .®. r ‘V *7 «7P’ n P ,l,< ‘ Altln t £ hr These instances will snffi-e to show both the enormitv of P"««d. of be pubbc laad sales whenever the dut.es m the dunes laid on leading snd essential article, bv the tiriff "M*""* * bou!d , bc ra,sed * bove I h , e ’'TT 'T r re, . ,t ' I of " r of 1842. and the reason wl.v the sd valorem principle is so comprom.se-.hey were attested by the Pres,..eo .al veto ou,raeenu.lv diaregarded in the manner of lavine then. M anotker. to w.t: the , ass.ge of the bankrupt law t w. The exhorbitaucy iff the taxation, and the de.ire.o disguise T ;' ,u “ “*fe t,,<?,r . own f ‘T‘* ,ei ?; aad f rl f* tt. it ha. been seen. J, that reason. Thu. it ha. ever been ol * "hukiog public op mot,, and made sucb atonement as and will ever be. The meditators, of great and mighty w ” ,0 ?» ,ir »y w . fr : *>7.<?"-»«*? rep*«» » f »*»_• "XyZJS* wrone* in m free Government naturally, aaari darkaam, IS- 1 1? ^ ^ ^ ^ 41 -if i u v ro„ce-.l.nent..n.i mystery; and the more Evidence their own »» d *f 'M»e rtreumst.^es. self eonTW’Wd. bv ns ..ircmdemning sense of gui t bv the very aversion they «•«" dee I of acknowledgement, of the of one Stow to open daylight. How could i, be other vise, pr.rtic- mn “ « r vlr h edernu-.el^o,, v m.rdlikew..e.of the te- o'arlv in this r*»e ? How could any man. or set of men. at of h.v.ngrepud.ated as an rrvproneoftlr any time, especially in such times as the pe.q. e of this e,.„n- ; V ' r - T , M-s. arnong iu acts, that Congress '■ugh, »» »■«• *?"- groaning under in 1842. and for vear. betore. have ■' ’-batoev.es, ... iu arrogati.ms of wisdom and inMthilns tenev for die decline of it s days, and for tiie comfort uf his wife and children after his death. Furthermore. I lay it down, that if the return to a specie standard wages of labor and other causr _____ done, the cost o' prmiucing ariirles. die people, the consu niers. atti not maiiufaciuring monopolist,, are entitled to the advantage ofthe difl'erence; and that it ia an unrighteous le gislation which, under any pretext, operates to take it away from the form* rand give it to the latiec, to any greater ex tent than is unavoidable lor purposes of rr Venue Do you ask how my party relations are to be affected by ■ •ft'an Jacinto. It may be asked, is this right? Can it stand before the d .-passionate judgment of nations ? and is it reasonable to. having refused to recognise it J-ng subsequent to t 1325, formed no objection with our Government For olier'ng to purchase Texas fiotn Mexico in that year. This last fact, of itself, may serce to show that other nations are not bound to wait until the parent State gives her formal con sent, unreasonably prolonged, to the independence of the resisting colony. History contradicts that idea. If it were the views and sentiments l have now expressed I I reply : —hJ^^ouIu^h.ri -ad to wait seventy year* before D.d I now know the opinions and reel,,,us of my political | „„ illHe|)eil( le„, „ a ,io.,; for we have lately been i : J 1 f. _ .t!a>!«w.saaLw<l .ntieoa *lii» it Utaa f%,11 frt -.e friends it* Georgia as well as they will know mine tliev shall have read ibis letter. I should be much better a hie toansweryou than I can be, circumstanced na I am.— The revolutions of opinion—or. il that phrase he o»t accep table. the develope l ents of the change of opinions vmong uiy Whig friends since la-t fall—eeui.frnin the best intelli gence 1 possess, to have b?en very great Of their precise extern and nature, and of the character ana intensity of the feeling bv winch they are accompanied. I find myself »t a losstojudge. The-e circums ai.ccadisable me to pronounce how my parts standing an 1 relations ore aflected. and how they ought to be aflected, by the sentiments I have now communicated- It must, therefore, rest with my Whig friends io determine that point, for themselves. Thai they inay have all theaids 1 ran furnish, to enable them to come to a satisfactory conclusion. I will say, further, that I differ with the Whigs, as a party, in Congress, and the North and West, not only on the question id's pr- tenive tariff, but also on another g- eat question now before the country—the ques tion of the Annexation of Texas—being my-ell decidedly m far igof that tne-sure. Also, the general po itics of that reminded, from a distinguished -ource. that il was full that ' length of time before Spain—against whom she had revolted —would aeknow edge Iter independeu e—I hope 1 may be exensed for adding—for I consider it as belonging to the subject of this letter, and due to the true spirit of this whole occasion—that there are ant wanting opinions, carefully formed, c/tiirli go to say. that if Mexico should, at this late day. recotnn enre war in earnest against Texas, instead of keeping up. in the latter power, the irritation and inconven ience of onlv talkine about it f. r eight years nearly, the chances would be lull as great, or even greater, that ahe would be co- quered herself, as that she would ever. e-sub jugate that gallant and independent people. No withstsnding the conviction of my judgment that Mex ico could not have the least ground of complaint against ns, in justice or reason for immediate annexation, should we adopt tba» measure. I think it would become the msgnanim- ity of this great republic to pursue towards her as generous aud liberal a course as possible. If. liter-fore, any subsequent steps of the most conciliatory ly destroyed—nnd nur field ciops about tbe u nie | We are glad to learn, however, that the drought does not extend all over the State: in some pfomis- tng. The wheat crop is generally a fair ooe—btn the oats crop, so far as we have heard, will tea failure. party, touching the powers ofthe General Government and TT* W «"»* ** ' F" ,n "••IwouM O, the States, and espe. i.lly In respect to the right of eta.e l,e f T ? f, T ,,n ‘- r ,he,n very verge of not .v,elding e P judgment and State a..i..i. or interposition against fe.lersl i " ur r,2h, 1 * m.erests or honor. Ifany thtng beynndthi.be r groaning un«ier in 1842. «n«i for yearn before, hare front io iiand up noldlv uef »re il»e linnl-working. ! At nil rrrms, it neem* binl!\ *afe to allow it or it« frier nre not because the ^ii|»p«irt of Government require* it ’but \ luc * u, 'J ,cl " , 'J ,c * ,ri ®7 ... , ^ ? , * . » her a use .he policy of e^r, U rnni„g certain serlion.l pet in-1 ,, f roUff,l | oul lh . e N . or,h f nJ ^ . d ^T ' ’VmVt* C fre-t. .e na.tds it, tour bands.' For.even .fa. weretrue ‘ u,e *" I vasaal aubm's.ion ..r men .judgn^mamUaMt- (icktrh it k.s not.) that these interests were suffering more A, -‘ than other-more hau those of agru-ulture. commerce, ear- of Ur J&* T. P m'Trimnlb c pemry. masonry, and nume-oa. other callings-siill. even i ca , r . n . ed . u out . *'tb • v«-.,earn e ,n this Tm.ff tramplmp Ihat circumstance could n , have justified the taxing, much I mth e.sly under foot able the prii.c.plrsotthec.tn .m.te le,s ibe heavy taxing, of all the >est for their benefit. BO ; ««d t:.e urgej.t recom.,.e..dat,..ns ol tbetr leader. b.»b a, to ra ,re than the distresses of one man can warrant the flee.- g J *>’* rat « do V a "d the m.ole ofa-eMtio-nt. , a .other of hi* In,nest earnings. Hut I will nol amp with ' U .“ J"* 1 » bouIddrtw to . a . rlo,a • d/ saying that these pet imere tu were suffering no .....re than '. 1 Y 1 thst. of course, tt is a matter t f profonnddj and therefore not entitled to lav life other, un ler » b * * BaU ? n . cd fixation for their support. I go funlterand ...ert o„ tbe I of GeofgtaSn myepjHmttmBtothj. tanCandrotbagwer authori v of Mr Olay himself, that these pet interest! stood not in need of any greater protection than the provisions of the compromise act, even after the duties under it sli- uld h»ve cotne down to 20 per Cent, secured to them. Yes. up on this high authority—authority which ought to have weight with the Whig party at least—I pionounce that the protec tion secured to these pet interests by the compromise act. in its lowest stage of reduction, was an adequate protection. And, in support of this assertion, I give you the fi.[lowing extract from an elaborate speech delivered by Mr. Clay, at Hanover, iu Virginia, on the 27ili of June, 1640. aud mani festly prepared by bimsell for the press, and which may be found at length in the National Intelligencer • f 13th July following: in which speech he holds tlie following language*, whilst selling forth what, in hia opinion, ought to be the principle of the administration of Gen Harrison and the Whig ptrty, in the event ol their coming into power. ••3d. That the policy of protecting and encouraging the productions of American industry, entering into competition with the rival production* of foreign industry, be adhered in and maintained on the basis iff the princip.es and io the spirit of the Compromise of March. 1833. •Protection and nationaliiule|>eiHleii- eare, in my opinion, identical and *y nnaytnous. The principle of encourage mem of the one cannot be surrendered without a forfeiture •if tlie other. Who, with just pride nnd national sensibility, can think of subjecting the jinnluns of nur own industry to all tlie taxations aud restraints of foreign powers, without effort on our part to counteract their prohibitions aud bur dens by suitable countervailing legi-laiion? The question cannot, ought not to be one of principle, but of measure and degree i adopt that of the onif romise act, not because it I is irrepealnble, but because it met with tiie sanction of the ' nation. Stability, with moderate aud certain protertion, is far more important than instability, the neces-ary conse quence of high protection. Hut the p'otrciion iff ihe com 'promise act will be adequate in most, if not at to all. he interests. The 20 per cent, which il stipulate*, cash duties, home valuations, and the list of free articles inserted in ihe act fir the particular benefit of the manufacturer, will en sure, I trust, sufficient protection. All together, they will amount probably to not less tliar-30 percent., a greater ex tent of pr uertion than was secured prior to the act of 1823, wl.i di no one stands up to defend.'’ This extract from M r. Clay’s speech proves him to have been content with the protection that would lie afforded by 20 per cent, cash duties with home valuation, and proves his o.nnion to have been tint (Jen. Harrison and the Whig party in tlie event of coming into power, ought to abide by this degree of pnaectio. , on the two-fold ground of its being th it fixed by the compromise, snd of it* being sufficient in it self. This opinion manifestly treats the question • f pr.itec lion as a seuled one. It ininifrstly precludes, as entirely inadmissible, every thing like an idea of augmenting the du t as for the sakt s-f protection. Such was the understand i'lgpf the South when it bailed aud accepted the comprom ise. We nerer doubted that, consistently with that great a>rang,-ment, duties might at any time be carried up. on the ad valorem plan, beyond 20 percent., mid to any height be yond it which might become ne- essary. with an honest sic- ale view io revenue. But. surely, we npver dtesmed that the first and every nccuirenre of necessity of raising the duties for the sake of revenue was to furnish a pretext for tho»e whopiofcssed respect for the ccmpnJnise and a de- icr.nination t, abide bv it. i > rhuiplira e and embarrass the qu- (i an of revenue with the question of protection. We never.'r.'aiued that lint old quarrel (deep buried, as wc liiouclii, in the grave of the compromise) ws* to hare a res urre. li-.n the first moiuen! that financial rooxidrralhmi s mold demand of Coagrv sa snv elevrtit n of the rates ol the tariff. much it costs to bring them here. This kind of in formation it IS difficult fir any person to cet »iih cer- l.uc'y an J ■ lactncs*. sml it must generally he out of the resell iff the mo-s of the community ; nnd even if a m >o should be so lucky *t to gel it, there is vet ariolber 4iuii2 for lip.i to do; be must go through ,'.he In the unsuspecting siuijdiritv of our hearts, we lUoughi that whenever thereafter a necessity should exist 5 key to the unfit, nuline-s I t >r making the daties higher f.*r the purpose of revenue, ie lid ru/nrCm plan of iin- | they were hot to be raised still higher upon us fi.r the su- perathled purpose of protection, but that we shonld be ?et < IT with the lowest increase of rates of taxation compatible with raisinalhe requisite revenue. Howir.e a a Ie is tli i - vlewof die mrltcrsupported. and more than supported, by the action of the late" Whig (.’on- grtss during the extra M-s-don of 1341 ? A1 know whnt a darting measure the project for the distribution of the pro- rt eds-of the sales of tiie public lands among the States had long been wiih Mr. Ciav and the body of his friend al sy-tem of policy on which it is ba-ed. That a doubt should exist, in any quarter, whether this approval will be extended, ia a new and amazing phenomenon in the politi cal horizon of the South. 1 look upon the strange pcrtenl with hesitating, almost unbelieving, wonder and solicitude. I't u _-h without the least sense of quailing undertheconse queuees that might ue aueured to be impending over my self. A deep Consciousness of the undeniable rectitude a id consistency of my whole poli ical cour«e, enables me t • review the past, to look arttnnd upon the present, and to owed in thought upon the future with a s.-rene and sol*. sustain.ng mind. Just ten years age. 1 had the honor, for the fir -t nine of being one o f tlie candidates for Crngress of the same political party to which 1 new belong, and ha' e always belrnged. For my nomination on that occasion. anJ the very zeelon-support ol inv political friends erery wnrre 1 was indebted, iu good part, to my known, and sumewhat strongly marked advocacy of the doctrines of nullification, sun of oppos tion to tlie protective system, on the groun..s both of its impolicy and ua •nastilatirmalily.— Now. what a change! From all I ran learn, there arc t!to>e who are concocting the dei reeformy iimnnlniinn.aiid expect it to be ratified, and carried int- execution, by the amused in lignation of that very same party, because I am still hostile to the protective system, and am known to he determined to give my support to a measure for substan tially modifving and reducing tiie duties impoveJ by that iiiinuittiiis tariff ol" protection to son-e, and oppression to others, from whose hideous I'eaturrs 1 have, in this letter, torn, in part at least, the mask with which it was sought to conceal them. Kef ire the people of Georgia, and especially my old po litical friends, shall yield tneir sanction to such a decree, ibey ought to weigh well the following ron-idnsiions: T e dutie, un* or the tariff of lc42, are made enormous ly high, on it I rge class of the tieceasnries of lite and these enormous rates, it is admitted on all hands, can be reduced without prejudice to the public revenue. And there is i o- body, so far ns I know, that pretends that tiie public indig nation ought to be levelled against any member of Congress fortlie mischief that a reduction ol them would inflict on the irea-ury. T.ien if the revenue i to be benefitted, rather than inju re 1 by the measure, upon what gr-und am I. the sworn and tru-lrd Representative ol the people of Georg a. to refuse to vote for lessen.ng the burdens of the tarifl—for lessening the laxattnn which it lays on the vital necessaries which the wbo'e mitt of die people must daily use and consume ? I am con-cientinasly convinced, upon full and careful exam ination. ib.n the duties under that tariff are excessive; so much so. that greatly lower one* will pioduccas much, and even mure revenue. Upon what ground, then, l ask again, shall 1 refuse to reduce them, and reduce them. too. down to tlie very lowest point that will, in my honest opinion, produce enough reve: ue? Will any nullifier, wdl any old State rights and anti-tar- iff man rise up before the people ot Georgia, and tell them that their Rcprerentative ought, in aufb a case, to vote a- gainst reducing the duties, simply because Ihe exorbitant rates nt wbicli they now stand, secure u degree of protec tion nnd emolument to certain distant inteirsts which they would not enjoy to the same extent under a reduction? If tlie-e be such a man—which I can acaicely believe— I will ask him if he does not know that I never yet shrank from laying taxes on the people, however unpopular, or however high, when those taxes appeared to be necessary to support Government and sustain the public faith and bon- •r? And having asked llie question, 1 would leave it to the memories of the people io answerit forme. And when ] judgment and State nsii.m or interposition against encroachments, are known to be opposed to those of the Sraie R'clits school of Georgia, in which I have been bred, and to the doctrines and principles ol which I strong lx livM, as not only sound in the tisrives. but essential to the main ten-race of southern rights and interest*. I deplore the dan ger to which these doctrines and principles seem to me to he extH se.l—of being swallowed up and lost iu those of our northern Whig allies. If my Whig friends in Georgia co ttinue to be as deSplv devoted as 1 am 111 "ci - o.d a <t cherished princinlrs. they will know ff-.ow to appreciate me. when I *»y further to th< m. that, in s; ite of m,v long entertained confidence in Vlr. ( bv, and admiration of bis cl aracter. I do uni like the p silion he seems .-OW to o. copy on ihe tariff question. n.*r will I di.g iise that my zeal in Id* cause has sufferej abate- nem, by a close and anxious observation of the political character and principles ofthe crest natt -nal party that must come into power with him and impress its policy on hi* ad ministration. Very respectfully, vour obedient servant. ‘ABSALOM H. CHAPPELL. Com. Ptrxrni-t on (lie Auuexnliou Qncation. To the EC it or if'the (Stobr liOUSK OF llEPKKSF.XTATtVKS. ) Mey4, 1844 { Silt:—Enclosed I send you fr pnbliratiu.i in me Uinbe t e rnrie*|M>i>deiH e which has just taken place between Coinni.sto- c Clin les tin wart, known l>\ the f. m liar name of •• Old Ironsides,’ and myself, on the subject of tbe Texas At-ncXc toil The position of Commodore Stewart in the Democratic Party, his tried palriotism. h ; s commanding intellect, and his i'tustrious srrvice*. will m.ke hie mover to iny iutermga- toiy—characterized as it is by (lie frankness, directness, and toan.iness of tbe soldier, ami the anility and clearness ol the statesman—not only unusually interesting at this time, but expected or demanded of us. (which I will not amicipaie.) or if any ill-cons-quem-es should thre-ilen ns. (which, how ever. I should not much tear.) when the v hole rase came to he -sillily and disi'sssionate'.v viewed, after annexation was a thing neconiplishe 1 on our pait. we would only lo as our f-ther* Hid—throw ourselves upon tbe justice of our cause I e "re God and nation*, and abide al! results. Having thu« g'ven you my opini ms and views of this all- absorbing question, under vour call fir them. have only, in rtmclusi n, to add that yon are at li: erty to publish them, should von think them w. rthyof it. I regard th* p -liev and wisdom of immediate annexation as the more ohv'ou6. from recollecting that opportunities once lost are not always to be regained in national affairs, any more than in those of individuals. With all deference to those who hold opinions different from those 1 hare formed, and have here exp -essert. I have the bon r to remain, w-tb the ino*t re*pectful consideration yourmo.st obedient and rerv amble setvant CHARLES STEWART. To tbe H.m .1 ThomNoTI. House of Representatives, Washington. DreadTill Kioti in Philadelphia. •* Man is to man the direst, surest ill." The ‘‘city ol brotherly love" has just been disgraced by the in.*,i terrible Kims that have ever been known in the country, beginning on Monday, tlie (hit. and contiti.iing each •lav and n gut at intervals tdl Thursday, when the populace still remained violently excited, and was restrained only by the large bod.esof volunteer and regular soldiers. Tlie pressure on our columns precludes us from giving to 're than a brief abstract ol the leading particulars. It appear, ll at. on Friday tiiglit, the 3d, a meeting of the Native Amer icans in the Third Ward, was disturbed by the noises of so ue Irishmen, and after much exasperation on toth sides, the Chuitman and others were driven from the stand, and the flag taken possession of. Tbe meeting assembled in an If any onfc was siili skefflital, as (o' (lie great ti. tility of tlie Central Rail-Road, its well to the inte. rior as the seaboard, bis doubts must be removed by the fact, that nearly all the vegetables used in this city, are brought up from tlie Savannah mar ket! While the drought lias been so severe with us as nearly to destroy every vestige of garden ve*. etmititi, in tbe region of Savannah, the sea-wts httve been mute favorable, and vegetables so plen ty, that they have not only had etioush to supply their mvn large population, but to afford a liberiil contribution to the wants of Macon. It is not generally known, that Mr. C. A. ELLS is daily receiving, through M. S. Bali. & Co's. Express, by the Rail-Road, nil sorts of Vegetate, (ns well as fresh Fish.) such as cucumbers, ie*- imtatoes, squashes, turnips, green pens, radishes snaps. &c which lie is aole to dispose of on mode rate terms. Perhaps, another season, Macon may be able to pay back the compliment. it will meet with a hearty response in th. bosom of everv "**X"V „ ° *»•« An ettcan who loves l.ia coui.try ; snd I know that it wiil 0t ":. r P ‘T ‘ ' ' esolved ^ hoI ‘‘ an ' • ndignatioomeeting • on Monday afternoon, at the corner ol tiec .nd and Master streets. Kensington—an Irish neighborhood; where, in con- command the approbation of a proud and t st iotic people. Respectfully, J. THtjMPtiOH. House of Refresfstativfs, ? April 29.1844. S 8m:—You, in common with other distinguished citizens of nur country, have been spoken of as a candidate for -lie office of President of the Uniud States. An intelligent people, exercising the sight of selecting their own Chief Magistrate, are entitled to ki o v. tbe opin ions i f those whom they select astheir candidates, upon the leading questions that agitate the publie inind. Ti e question of the Annexation of Texas to this Union, fropithe neces-ity of im-oeiiate action upon it, is the tn"s* prominent and interesting measure now before the people. Being a Delegate to the H Ititnure Convention, which will assem' Icon the 27th May next, for the purpose of se ierting a candidate fortlie office of Fresidem ofthe United titates, I am very anxious, in common with many other dele gates, to ascertain your opinions on this absorbing and all- important question. 1 intentionally abstain from the expression of mv own sequence of rain, tbe meeting so in adjourned to tbe Market liou-e near ,iy. Iirerropting noises and individual quarrels ami fights occurred, and tina-ly a general melee Guns. Ac. were fi. en nn both sides; several persons killed and wound ed ; the Hibernia H- se bouse and several I fish dwellings attacked; the Catholic school house fired: ro'.lies of mus ketry tired fio.n the adjoining buddings in i.s defence; sev eral more kilted and wounded ; a d ihe Native Americans retreated. The volunteers and military were called out h.v the Sheriff, but do not appear to have arrived tili tlie ftglii waa over. Tbe Native Americans next day (Tuesday) paraded a torn flag through tlie streets, with the inscription, •' This is tlie flag rumpled on by the Irish Rapists;" assembled in Independence tiqunre. at 3o'clock p. M. passed excited Hes olutions. and moved in a body to the previous scene of riot; boys attacked the Hibernia Hose House again, shots fated lrom 'adjoining houses, and returned, the houses fired, and 29 soon i . flames and consumed, wi h tbe Market House- the fire companies being prevented from approach’ng. More . , , .. • riy own were killed and wounded, and seven oi eight Irish sunpo op,,., n. and also from making any sugge.tton a* ,o tlie ef-; „ pd lo h , ve ..„ube.l the fi-tmea of one building, ml v. ard oT.he ZL'uZhdmnL? " ,e ** Ure " ,,y i —’ »■ «"»«■ The 3d Brigade and part o, the .si Yme v j * . • i ,r it t. , i Out. utuler ihe command of (Jen. Catkvallader, and oil their I submit 'l.esmgleqoestion. and respectfully ask such an . rriv .| the riot, ceased and the farther extension of the answers, your judgmentatul reflection may dtetste. will, fl „„„ was prevented. The utmost frenzy of revengefo* the desire, if it be agreeable to you to make your views on .- :*• —, . . . • . o. this subject public. W it), high respect. Your obedient servant. J. THOMPSON. Commodore Chari.es Stewart. Bordentown. A*. J. HILL OF HEALTH. Near Bordestown, N.J.; May 2. 1814 fee.ii.g was manifested, and Irish captured, were taken from the police and most brutally treated, till re-taken from tbe limb. The Irish weie moving out of the neighborhood ou this and the previous day. as fast as pa ssible. On Wednesday, a number of building- were fired, and most of them destroyed. The Catholic Church of S,. Mi. . duel's.too. at 2j o'clock, was tired and entirely burnt, and l the priest with great difficulty secured from tiie mob—the SlR:—I have hid the honorto receive jour letter ofthe '“t'.T'i "'‘cl!? ^"’ e oltr ” cledal ,lle "JO- 29tb oflast month, intimiliog that 1 have ••beer, spoken of *■ bBI ? ,<lll g fir ?* a <faort fo. 1 *"?' n g] The most de as a candidate for the office of President of tlie U. States "in " .' ..'' .h .!’l br Ch,, l c " ! ’,. Urn ' teinarking a Iso, that •• ... inroihVrat rtennte. es .C. 'V*' aod wl,, ‘ n . lb “ cr0 . ! ** ’jjjjjjj sumiouiite.! it fell, three right of to know their candidutes, qtestionofthe A tnexatinn of Texas to this Union,’ as one Irlil. ui- i.:.k a „h: , . ■ ,r which, “from the necessity of immediate action upon it. is Ustmckei inrh>Hino /iL^'nTi ■fiY'"* YT'-'* | 8 ,< "i r the most prominent ami interesting mea.ure now before the Y Aldfi '" ,n " tUrk *: and h"' 1 ''' people." ' Aud you alse add. th.f being e delegate to the "T"" "''T, A * , 7 ? ‘‘ , " ck Hal’imore Convendott. wbi.-h assembles on the 27th.ffMa- ,,u,e ‘ w ’ ,s ***** ,lH 8 *.' wl T 1 > * t ’ faral " tl 'C Ir.sl. houses Texas Mrtling, In compliance with a call, fiir a meeting of ike citizens of Bibb county, who are favorable to the Annexation t»f Texas to ihe United States, a very large assemblage, without distinction of party, met at the Cltty Club room, at 7 o’clock, P. M., on Fri day, 17th inst. Governor McDonald was proposed to the meel- itig, as a suitable person to preside over its de!ib,t- alit/ns, wtiich was acceded to by acclamation. On taking the Chair, Governor McDonald, in a few brief, but pertinent remarks, referred to the ob ject of the meeting, and the great importance, and pressing neqpssity for immediate action cn the psrt of nur Government. On motion of W. G. Smith, the following gen- tletnen were selected bv the meeting, Viee-Presi- b'lits: Col. Win R. Parker, Riihml H. Ran- doljtlt, Briggs ll. Moultrie. J.tntes Goddard, Tliont- ns A. Brown, Henry G. Lamar and Nathan G. Monroe. On motion of Col. H. G. Lnmnr. \V. Q. Smith; John Rutlterfiird, and James C. Edwards, weie it|)|H»inied Secrelnrics. The meeting being thus organised, if was Resolved, That a Committee of eight, be ap pointed by the Chairman, lo prepare end report jtoiftilile and appropriate matter for the considera tion ofthe meeting. Whereupon, D. C. Campbell, James Smith, Jetty Cowles, A. P. Powers, Isaac Holmes, Sam uel B. Hunter, Samuel J. Ray, and George If, Logan, were appointed, who after a few minutes absence from the meeting, returned and repotted the following: The Committee, to whom was referred the sub ject matter of this meeting. Report— Turn, the subject of Annexation of Texas to the Territory of the United States, isn-ie, in which the whole Union, and more especially the Southern ('■onion of the Slates, has a deep anti abiding inter est. In imjtoitance, it far transcends all questions of mere parly character, which have agitated, or can agitate this country. The Committee iespeclfully rcconimpndthea - dopt ion uf the subjoined resolutions, adopted at a Is te general meeting of the citizens of New Orleans. The resolutions are temperate but firm, breathe a pute spirit of American patriotism, and in the opin ion ol the Committee, must recommend thentselve* to the favorable consideration of every friend to the prosperity aud perpetuity uf our iwiitical instim* lions. Resolved. That we consider the proposed Annexation c! Texas to the Territory of tbe United titates as a gif 51 A’ n-eriran measure to bend wbirli to party or local u<ei or prejudices is unworthy of a patriotic people. l.esotvrd, 1 bat the measure recoinnieinls iutlfaodtrsny aspect in which itranbe viewed,as nneof policy,pi‘- , i ot, V n anJ philanthropy Of policy ; becsose it will incre«> e trade and secure tho frontiers of the country, and euit-T* the circle of American enterprise. Of patriotism ; be it vvtJJ restwe and maintain the equilibrium which isd* 36 ruiitv ofthe Um.ui; extend over a greater space and p p u * laiion, and. niih? SHtne time, tend •«» perpetuate tl»e ticins under the operation of wbirli the six and twenty now comprise*! in the Republic, steadily a<1 trance in weie ntmrked end gulled, and olherM fired and destrn\e«l; l,erSf n,,d otl,er conrmnitants of national p** .f rwi*. .„d ,J\., J... .u,.^, J ": TU, a. Eigk, of,.,, ...«™i Passing, then, to the general question, tlm reasmis are so ' ig and taking charge; cannon betng placed so as numerous, cnceni, powerful, and urgent, both nntlte score j to rake the streets; all except inhabiiaots excluded from ! neighborhoods of excitement and danger; and martial law of policy and humanity, for making Texas ptr. ofthe Union. I ^ IK iofh uT?‘r"?S V^t and have so strong a bearing upon nur national industry. I # •■ ‘ ,i P* 111 nl to notire, that I revenues, prosperity, and pow-er. that I have not been able l ] W jHL'^JrSS refuse the of inv judgment to t ein. 1 have considered,on the other hand, the views alleged they jilmll have nm-wered it. from their recollections of the j against the measure; and. greatly bs the eourres whence past. I wifi then say that if they do notyei know, they will. the> emanate a»-e entitled io, and hnve, my re peit they I hope, sron learn, that there is yet another creat principle, have not proved. «»n tlie calmest reflection, sufficient with from which 1 will never depart, in voting on questions of — *—*' • f — ** wef •* w ’*h many who were not hit friend#. Gen. Jack- §»m. h'lwever, act himself aga tut Mr. CJay'a srhexno; and n ier it bad once failed for want of his sanrtion. it reiuained i ir a kind of abeyance until the WliigCcwrem that came in J I u jon Mr. Van Bureu's downfall assembled. Well. Mr. BV me to outweigh the Btmng reasons that ex*st in it a far*, r. ion. I wilt never, for ihe sake of favoring or pr« mo ; That a step of so much magnitude, present and future. jnrncular intere.-na or parii alafelaa«esof individuals, ' ahould meet with opposition* in ihe first irr«tan< e. in to be Itli iaxer> or burdens of nny kind. he\owl ■ expected. This was the ca.^e when we acquired Louisiana and Florida, the obje-lions to which ore now forgotten in the unspeakable advat.ttge* flowing from it. and to flow thrcmglmuunces to come. £ucb, it appears to me would decidedly attend the Annexation of Texas. Millions un born, and ayes in the future, may he expected to reap the advar.iages of its incorporation with our Union long alter the objections of the day are forgotten This important acquisition, which can now be obtained with honor and advantage lo all partie.* interested, bringing with it the consent and affectionsnf its inhabitants, will per- hap*, when future necessity mane* its acquisition impeia tive, be acquired only through desolating war, sanguinary contests, and the loss of th< se affections ofthe Texan inhnb taxation ting parrictr. load the people _ . what the fail wants of tlie Government require. W biteVfr I amount these make neccsiary. 1 will always learlepsly v* te for—not one dollar more. And this I boldly aver to be the only sound, just, n> even hene t principle, in legislating on this subject, f hnve » i clear warrant to vote taxes on ihe people for the anpport of j Goveri»mem in all i-a branclie* and fuaetiooa; but where is ' tny warm nr for rakin*j money out of one man's packet and pulling ii in nnoiher’s, by any iii*xje of taxation, direct or aware ibat the protectionists have a stereotyped er alw ays ready for this question; an answer which they Clay was a member of that Congress, end if not the dictator, | have repeated and uaeil, until they aeein to have almost - _ _ was certainly the leader of it* Ili* favorite measure of 1 forgotten iu low intellectual and ethical origin. The am I *tanta ao essential to happiness inn united and republican to negro slavery as in other respects, existed . an,rte ‘^ en vr . the Constitution, and still exists apart from it; ^ e °j C cannot agree to tire doctrine which has Deen advanced# . the boys were L l is ^ely by the pre visions of that inairBmeBi iiY often com- States which recognise slavery can claim to be exm y mencing the assaults increasing the uproar, frolicking about an invasion by others of their laws and ussges- tQ the scenes of deanlatinu. and clothing themselves in the vest- I Knotted. That the lorm and spirit whirh °PP° 0 { t fcs menie of tbeprieatal And women alan were actively en- re annexadon of Texas haa assumed in some p» lJja gaged, and fired guns and threw s’one* ! Beside the per- TT,,,rt " *““ w " A J thm 11 amiaionpoaed to have perished in the flames, 7 or 8 persons wore 8hot dead, and 15 wounded; the ln.su of property is probably at ^200 000. which fnP# very properly Ibmrdi&e to law. on the countv- at leant 200 families have been made homeless, and destitute, nnd large numbers of them were collected in the open fields a few-miles out of town. The cost of fhe buildings onl v of one church nnd the semi- uai'v. was ebout $-10 000. and of the o»her S30.C00. The u» *b toinetimea rushed w ; th drawn knivea. ice., up to the very pn*ntsnf the hnynneis. und attempted rohre *k the lines nnd the Mayor wo* ffil ed to tlie ground with a large etone, that struck him on the l What a picture of humanirv i* here presented ! And vet if is one b.. no menns so resulting an in the long detail 1 from which this brief sketch i* taken. Surely of nil ani- oinK man eiven up to his passions is the most brutal; and well may be it said. ‘•Man’s inhumanity to man, Makes countless thousands mourn !’* South Carolinians Union, are insulting and derogatory to iht Su t% 0 South ; ihat the doctrines which woufd exclude a nt ^ sa rjr rit- ry because *Urery exists in it, conveys, by *® ece qul ^ inference, an injurious itnputatii inontbaslsve^g Ihe alrpady tn the Untnn. and draws dtstnictions bel f (;,,n- diflVrent members of the ronfedersr* nni knewn to 1 Stitutinn, and iarnnsistent with ihe mutual r f p r < ‘ rI a ” a rierl will which ought to prevail between the different q of the country. . „ -f cor Resolved. That we desire m cal) the a,If ", u . ^ 0 ldiif countrymen both in the slave-holding snd aon-» aTe ? ;< j,y. Slates, to the probable condition of the enuuBy ** had not the acquisitions of territory of 1803 s' a j n ibat place, and the slave population beer confii «•■ ,- n j„r- case it must have been, to the origins hunts u,.-l If they find that population would hate keen tr' i w iti on the Northern titates. until they were oje-wnr w black pauperinm. nr compelled, in telf'da'' a _ '. /■ | eC r- adopt slavery—we ask ihein to reflect on im trtgv #il . sequences wliicli must result frt m nowdamtn P P ural flow of die colored population to the Sou