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2 public funds. If this scheme should be adopte-l it should only be done as a temporary expedient to moot an urgent necessity. Legislative and executive effort should generally be in the oppo site direction, and should nave a tendency to di vorce a* much, and as fast, as can safely be done, the Treasury Department from private enterprise. Of course ft is not expected that unnecessary aud extravagant appropriations will Iw made for the purpose of avoiding the accumulation of an excess of revenue. Such expenditure, beside the demoralization of all just conceptions of public duty which it entails, stimulates a habit of reckless improvidence not in the least consistent with the mission of our people or the high and beneficent purposes of our government. I have deemed it my duty to thus bring to the knowledge of ltiy countrymen, as well a. to the attention of their representa tives charged with the responsibility of legisla tive relief, the gravity of our financial situation. The failure or the Congress heretofore to provided against the dangers which it was quite evident the very nature of the difficulty must necessarily produce, caused a condition of financial distress aud ; apprehension since your last adjournment, which taxed to the utmost all the authority and expedients within execu tive control; and these appear now to be ex hausted. If disaster result from the continued inaction of Congress the responsibility must rest where it belongs. Though the situation thus far considered is fraught with danger which should be fully realized, and though it presents features of wrong to the people as well as peril to the coutr try. it is hut a result growing out of a perfectly palpable aud apparent cause, constantly repro ducing the same alarming circumstances-a congested national Treasury and a depleted monetary condition in the business oi the -uutry. TARIFF REFORM NEEDED. It need hardly be stated that while the present situation demands a remedy, we can only bo saved from a like predicament in the future by the removal of its cause. Our scheme of taxa lion, by means of which this needless surplus is Liken from the people and put into the public Treasury, consist of a tariff or duty levied upon Importations from abroad and internal revenue taxes levied upon the consumption of tobacco aud spirituous and malt liquors. It must oe conceded that none of the things subjected to internal revenue taxation are strictly speaking necessaries. There appears to be no jus! complaint of this taxation by the consumers of these articles, ar.d there seems to be nothing so well able to bear the burden with out hardship to any portion of the jjeople. Rut our present tariff laws, the vicious, inequitable and illogical source of unnecessary taxation, ought to be at once revised aud amended. These laws in theii primary and plain effect raise the price to consumers of ull articles imported and subject to duty by precisely the sum pa and for sucti duties. Thus the amount, of the duty measures the tax paid by those who pur chase for use these imported articles. Many of these tilings, however, are raised or manufac tured in our own country, and the duties now levied upon foreign goods and products are called protection to these home manufactures, because they reader if possible for those of our people who are manufacturers to make these t axed articles aud sell them for a price equal to that demanded for the imported goods that have paid customs duty. So it happens that while comparatively a few use the imported articles, millions of our people, who never use and never saw any of the foreign froducts. purchase and use things of the same ind made in this country, and pay therefor nearly or quite the same enhanced price which the duty adds to the imported articles. Those who buy imports pay the duty charged thereon into the public Treasury, but the great majority of our citizens who buy domestic articles of the frame class pay a sum at least approximately equal to this duty to the home manufacturer. Tuis reference to the operation of our tariff laws is not made by way of instruction, but in order that we may constantly be reminded of i !:e manner in which they impose a burden upon those who consume domestic products as well ns those who consume imported articles, and thus create a tax upon all our people. It is not proposed to entirely relieve the eoun try of this taxation. It must lie extensively continued the source of the government's in come: and in a readjustment of our tariff the interests of American labor engaged in inanu tacture should be carefully considered, as well as the preservation of our manufactures. It may be called protection or by any other name, but relief from the hardships and dangers of our present tariff laws sh mid oe devised with •special precaution against imperiling the ex istence of oar manufacturing interests: but this existence should not mean a condition, which, with all regard to the public wel fare or the national exigency, must always insure the realization of immense profits instead of moderately profitable returns. As the volume and diversity of our national activities increase, new recruits are added to those who desire a continuation of the advantages which t hey conceive tne present system of tariff taxa tion directly affords them. A COMBINE. So stubbornly have all effort* to reform the present condition been resisted by those of our fellow citizens thus engaged that they can hard!. complain of the suspicion enter tained to a certain extent that there exists an organized combination all along the line to maintain their advantage. We are in the midst of centennial eeleurattons, and with becoming pride we rejoice in Ameri can skill and ingenuity, in American energy and enterprise, and in the wonderful natural advantages and resources developed by a cen tury s national growth Yet. when an attempt is made to justify a scheme which permits a tax to be laid upon every consumer in the land for the benefit of our manufacturers, quite lie yond a reasonable demand for governmental regard it suits the purposes of advocacy to call our manufactories infant industries still need ing the highest and greatest degree of favor and fostering care that can be wrung from Etslerai legislation. It is also said that the increase in the price of domestic manufactures resulting from the present tariff is necessary in order that higher wages may lie paid to our workingmen em ployed in manufactories than is paid tor what is called the pauper labor of Europe. All will acknowledge the force of an argument which involves the welfare and liberal compensation of our laboring people. Our labor is honorable in the eyes of every American citizen arid as it lies at the foundation of our development, and progress, it is entitled without affectation or hypocrisy to the utmost regard. The siamlard of our laborer should not be measured by that of any other country less favored, and they are entitled to their full share of all our advantages By the las’ census it is inane to appear that of the 17,30:1.099 of our population engaged in all kinds of industries, 7,070,493 are employed in agriculture, 4.074.23S in professional and per sonal service (.2,934,870 or whom are domestic sen-ants and laborers) while 1,810,356 are em ployed ill trade and transportation, and 3,837,- 112 are classed as employed iu manufacturing and mining. For present purposes, however, the last number given should be considerably reduced. Without attempting to enumerate all. It will he conceded that there should tie deducted from those which it iucludes 375,143 carpenters and joiners 285.J01 milliners, dressmakers and seamstresses. 172,736 blacksmiths, 133,756 tailors and tailor esses, 102,478 masons, 76,241 butchers, 41,309 bakers, 22,083 plasterers and 4,891 engaged in manufacturing agricultural impleinits, an aggregate of 1,214,023, leaving 2,623.089 persons employed iii such manufacturing industries as are claimed to tie benefited by a high tariff. TO BUND PREJUDICE. To these the appeal is made to save their em ployment uud maintain their wages by resisting a change. There should be no disposition to Bnswer such suggestions by the allegation that they tire in a minority among those who labor, and therefore should forego an advantage in the interest of low prices for the majority. Their compensation, ns it may be affected by tile operation of the tariff laws, should at all times lie scrupulously kept in view, and yet with slight reflection they will not overlook the fact that they are consumers with the rest; t hat I hey-, too, have their own wants and those of their inmilies to supply from their earnings and that Ihe price of the necessaries of life, as well as the amount of their wages, will regulate the measure of their welfare and comfort, but the reduction of taxation demanded should lie so measured as not to necessitate or justify either the loss of employment by the workingmen nor Ihe lessening of his wages: and the profits still remaining to the manufacturer after a neces sary readjustment should furnish no excuse for the sacrifice of the Interests ot his employes either in their opportimity to work or lti the diminution of their compensation; nor can the workers in manufactories fail to un derstand that while a high tariff is claimed to be necessary to allow the payment of remunerative wages, it certainly results in a very large increase in the price of nearly all sorts of manufactures, which in almost countless forms he needs for the use of himself and his family. He receives at the desk of his employer bis wages, and perhaps before he reaches his home is obliged, in a purchase for family use of an article which embraces bis own labor, to return in the payment of the in crease in price which the tariff permits, the hard -earned compensation of many days of toil. The farmer and the agriculturist, who manu facture nothing, hut who pay the increased price which the tariff Imposes upon every agri cultural implement, upon all he wears, and upon all he uses and owns, except the increase of his flocks and herds, and such tilings as bis husbandry produces from the soil, is invited to aid iu maintainiiiing the present situation, and be is told that a high duty on imported wool is necessary for the lieneflt of those who have •beep to shear in order that the price of their wool may be increased. They, of course, are not reminded that the farmer who has no sheep is by this scheme obliged in Ms purchases of clothing and woolen goods to pay a tribute to his fellow farmer as well as the manufacturer and merchant!' nor is any mention made of the fact that the sheep owners themselves and their must wear clothing and use other articles manufactured from the wool they sell at tariff prices, and thus as consumers must return their sliarc of this in creased price to the tradesman. A FEW COLD FACTS. I think it may be fairly assumed that a large proportion of the sheep owned by the farmers throughout the country are found in small flocks numbering from twenty-five to fifty. The duty on the grade of imported wool which these sheep yield is 10c. each pound if of the value of 30c. or less, and 12c If of the value of more than 30e. If the liberal estimate of six pounds be allowed for each fieece. the duty thereon would be sixty or seventy-two cents, and this may be taken as the utmost enhancement of the price to the far mer by reason of this duty. Eighteen dollars would thus represent the increased price of the wool from twenty-five sheep, and S3O that from the wool of fifty sheep; and at present values this addition would amount to about one-third of its price. If upon its sale the farmer receives this or a less tariff profit, the wool leaves his hands charged with precisely that sum which in all its changes wall adhere to it until it reaches the consumer. When manufactured into cloth and other material for use its cost is riot only increased to the extent of the farmer's tariff profit, hut a further sum bas been added for the benefit of the manufacturer under the operation of other tariff laws. In the meantime the day arrives when the fanner finds it necessary to purchase woolen clothes, and material to clothe himself and family for the winter. When he faces the tradesman for that purpose he discovers that he is obliged not only to return in the way of in creased prices, bis tariff profit, on the wool lie sold, ana w hich then perhaps lies Ijefore him in manufactured form, but, that he must add a considerable sum there to meet a further iu* crease in cost caused by a tariff duty on the manufacture. Thus in the end be is aroused to the fact that ho has paid upon a moderate pur chase as a result of the tariff scheme which when ho s#ld his wool seemed so profitable, an increase in price more than sufficient to sweep away all the tariff profit he received upon the wool he produced and sold. When the number of farmers engaged in wool raising is compared with all the farmers iu the country, and the small proportion they bear to our population is considered: when it is made apparent that iu the care of a large part, of those who own sheep the benefit of the present tariff on wool is illusory; and above all, w hen it must lx? con ceded that the increase of the cost of living caused by such a tariff becomes a burden unon those with moderate means and the poor, the employed and unem ployed, the sick and well, and the young and old, and that it constitutes a tax which, w ith re lentless grasp, is fastened upon the clothing of every man, woman and child in the land, reasons are suggested why the reduction or re moval of this duty should be included in a re vision of our tariff laws. COMPETITION'B PART. In speaking of the increased cost to the consumer of our home manufactures, resulting from n duty laid upon im ported articles of the same description, the fact is not overlooked that competition among our domestic producers some times has the effect of keeping the price of their products below the highest limit allowed by such duty. But it is notorious that this competition is too strongly met by combinations, quite prevalent at this time and frequently called trusts, which have for their objects the regulation of the supply and price of commodities made and sold by members of the combination. The people can hardly hope for any consideration in the operation of these selfish*schemes. If. however, in the absence of such combination a healthy and free competi tion reauces the price of any particular dutiable article of home production below the limit which it might otherwise reach under our tariff laws, and if. with such reduced price, its manufacture continues to thrive, it is entirely evident that one thing has be*u discovered which should lie fully scrutinized in au effort to reduce taxation —Tue necessity of a combination to maintain the price of a commodity to the tariff point fur nishes proof that someone is williug to accept lower prices for such commodity, and that the prices are remunerative, and the lower prices produced by competition prove the same thing. Thus where either of these conditions exist a cast* w ould seem to be presented for an easy re duction of taxation. The considerations which have been presented touchiug our tariff laws are intended only t.o enforce an earnest, recom mendation that the surplus re venues of the government be prevented by the reduction of our customs duties, and at the same time to emphasize a suggestion that in accomplishing this purpose we may discharge a double duty to our people by granting to them a measure of relief from tariff taxation in quarters where it is most needed, atid from sources wherein it can be most fairly and justly accorded, nor can the representation made of such considerations be with any degree of fairness regarded as evi dence of unfriendliness toward our manufac turers’ interests, or of any lack of apprecia tion of their value and imjHjrlance. These interests constitute a leading and most substantial element of our national greatness and furnish proud proof of our country's prog ress. But ir iu the emergency that presses upon us our manufacturers are asked t o sur render something for the public good and to avert disaster, their patriotism as well as a gratified recognition of the advantages already afforded should lead them to willing eo-opera tion—no demand is made that they shall forego all the benefits of governmental regard: but they eannot fail to be admonished of their duty as well as their enlightened self interest and safety when they they are reminded of the fact that the financial panic and collapse to which the present condition tends affords no greater shelter or protection to our manufactures than to our other important enterprises. A GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY. Opportunity for safe, careful and deliberate action is now offered, and none of us should le unmindful of a time when au abused and irri tated people, heedless of those who have re sisted timely and reasonable relief, may insist upon a radical and sweeping rectification of their wrongs. The difficulty attending a wise and fair revision of our laws is not underesti mated. It will require on the part of the Con gress great labor and care, and especially a broad and national contemplation or the sub ject, and a patriotic disregard of such local and selfish claims as are unreasonable and reckless of the welfare of the entire country. Under our present- laws more than 4,U00 articles are subject to duty. Many of these do not in any way compete w ith our own manufactures, and many are hardly worth attention as a subject or revenue. A considerable reduction can be mad*' in the aggregate by adding them to the free list. The taxation of luxuries presents no features of hardship; but the necessaries of life used and consumed by all the people, the duty upon which adds to the cost of living in every home, should lie greatly cheapened. The radical re duction of the duties upon raw material used in manufactures, or its free importation, is of course an important- factor in any effort to reduce the price of these necessaries and would not only relieve them from the increased coat caused by the tariff on such material, but the manufactured product lieing thus cheap ened. that part, of the tariff now laid upon such product as a compensation to our manufac turers for the present price of raw material could lie accordingly modified. Such reductions, or free importations, would serve liesido to largely reduce the revenue. It is not apparent how such a change can have any injurious effect upon our manufactures. On the contrary, it would appear to give them a I letter chance in foreign markets with the manu facturers of other countries. who cheapen their wares by free mater al. Thus our people might have the opportunity of extending their sales beyond the limits of homo consumption—saving them from the depression, interruption In business, and loss caused by a glutted domestic market, and affording their em ployes more certain ami steady labor with its re sulting quiet and contentment. The question thus imperatively presented for solution should lie approached in a spirit higher than partisan anxiety, and considered in the light of that re gard for patriotic duty which should characterize tho action of those intrusted with the weal of a confiding people, llut the obligation to declared party policy and principle is nor wanting to urge prompt and effective action. Both of the great political parties now represented in the government have by repeated and authoritative declarations condemned the condition of our law s. which jiermit the collection from the people of un necessary revenue, and have in thb most solemn manner promised Its correction—and neither as citizens or partisans are our countrymen in a mood to condone the deliberate violation of these pledges. Our progress toward a wise conclusion will not be improved by dwelling on the theories of protection and free trade. This savors too much of bandying epithets. It is a condition w hich confronts us, not a theory. The relief from this condition may prove a slight reduction of the advantages which weuwnrdour home produc tions, but the entire withdrawal of such ad vantages should not be contemplated. Tbe question of free trade is absolutely irrelevant, and the persistent claim made in certain quarters that all efforts to relieve the people from unjust aud unnecessary taxation are schemes of so-called free traders is mischievous and far removed from any consideration for the public good. A SIMPLE AND PLAIN DUTY. Thp simple and plain duty which we owe the people is to reduce taxatiou to the necessary ex peuses of an economical operation of the gov ernment, and to restore to the business of the country the money which w hold in the Treas ury through the perversion of government a! powers These things can and should be done TFIE MORNING NEWS: WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1887. with safety to our industries, without danger to the opportunity for remunerative labor which our w*rkingmen need, and with benefit to them and all our people by cheapening their means of subsistence ana increasing the measure of their comforts. j he constitution provides that the President ‘shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union." It has been the custom of the executive in compliance with this provision to annually exhibit to the Congress, at the opening of its session, tbe gen eral condition of the country, and to derail with some particularity tbe operations of tne differ ent executive departments. It would be es pecially agreeable to follow this course at the present time, and to call attention to tbe valu able accomplishments of these depart n tents during the last fiscal year, but I am so much impressed with the paramount importance of tbe subject to which t his com munication has thus far been devoted that I shall forego the addition of any Other topic, and only urge upon your immediate consideration the “state or the Union," as shown iu th* present condition of our Treasury and our general fiscal situation, upo which every element of our safety and prosperity depends. The reports of the heads of the departments which will be submitted contain full and ex plicit information touching the transaction of toe business intrusted to them, and such recom mendations relating to legislation in the public interest as they deem advisable. I ask for these reports and recommendations the deliberate ex amination and action of the legislative branches of the government. There are other subjects not embodied in tbe departmental reports demanding legislative consideration and which i shoura be glad to submit. Some of them, however, have been earnestly presented in previous messages, and to them I oeg leave to repeat prior recommenda tions. As tbe law makes no provision for any report from the Department of State, a brief history of the transactions of that important depart ment, together with other matters which it may hereafter l>e deemed essential to commend to the attention of the Congress, may furnish the occasion for a future communication. Grover Cleveland. Washington, l). C., Dec. 6th , 1087. WEDDED TO A FORGER. Unhappy Fat© of a Bride-The Crimi nal Wanted in Georgia. New Orleans, Dec. 6.—A dispatch from Wesson. Miss., to the Times-Democrat, says: “Courtenay, alias Holland, who com mitted a forgery on tho Eagle and Phoenix Mills, of Columbus, Ga., last year, and was sentenced to seven years in the penitentiary, subsequently breaking jail, came to this place about six weeks ago, and was em ployed by the Mississippi mills. He won the hand of Miss Jennie Moore of this town, ami was married to her about two weeks ago. This morning he was recognized and arrested. He is now in jail awaiting a requi sition from the State of Georgia. Much sympathy is expressed for the young bride.” COLORED MEN'S INTERESTS. A Protective Industrial League Formed in Minnesota St. Paul, Dec. 6. —Fifty colored men from various parts of the State met last night and organized the Minnesota Protec tive Industrial League for the advancement of the interests of the colored race iu this State. A permanent organization was effected, with L. H. Reynold as President. A constitution was adopted, which declares the objects of the league to be to secure to the colored citizens of the State full and free enjoyment of their natural and civil rights, impartial trials, freedom from slan der and ouium through the press, and to ar range for colored immigration to this State. A REVENUE RAID. An Escaped Convict Killed at an Illicit Distil.ery. Chicago. Dec. 6.—A special to the Daily News from Chattanooga, Tenn., says: “Word lias just reached this city of another jaid which has been made on Sand Moun tain, near Gadsden, Ala., by United States Marshal W. J. Willaford and his: two sons, deputy marshals. An illicit distillery was captured and George Kirk, an escaped con vict from the Georgia penitentiary, who had been sent up for ninety years, was killed. Kirk had been a notorious moon shiner and had defied the officers for months.” THOMASVILLE TOPICS. Winter Visitors Beginning to Arrive— Improvements About Town. Thomasville, Dec. 6.—There are more Northern visitors here now than ever before at this early period. The Piney Woods and Mitchell Houses have not yet opened. The former will open on the Isth inst., and the latter will follow soon after. So far, the fall and winter has been exceedingly mild, and the season promises to be all that warm climate seekers could desire. There has been a great deal of improve ment going on in the town this year—many new stores built, old one-story buildings de molished, ami handsome stores with plate glass fronts erected in their stead. The European Hotel, now going up on the corner of Broad and Jefferson streets, opposite tho Mitchell House park, will be a very handsome building aud a great improvement to that end of Broad street. It is being built by a wealthy New Yorker, and when completed will cost in the neighborhood of $75,000. ! The October term of Thomas Superior Court,, which was adjourned till the first Monday in December, convened yesterday. The criminal docket is large, but there are no eases of any great importance. The long-needed improvements on the court house are being made, and in consequence of its torn-up condition, the court is being held in the City hall. COLUMBUS CHAPTER 3. Death of John King—The Body of a Dead Baby Found. Columbus, Ga., Dec. 6.—John King, many years proprietor of the Enquire r- Sun % died suddenly in Birmingham to-day. Tho remains will be interred hero to-mor row. The body of a male white child was found in a sewer on Thirteenth street this after noon. Dr. Griggs gave his opinion at the inquest to-night that the child was born alive last night and killed by its inhuman mother or an accomplice. The mother of the child has not yet been found, ihe Coro ner's iury returned a verdict in accordance with tne above facts. The Ladies’ Aid Society of the First B ptist Church has perfected arrange ments with a full company of Chinese. They will give a novel performance at Webster’s Hall on Dec. 15, after which real Chiua tea will be served by the Chinamen. The proceeds will bo devoted to that church. Crescent City Chlp3. Crescent City, Fla., Dee. 6.—Mr. R. Bennett is having a wharf built on the east side of Lake Crescent for the purpose of having woodshipped. Mr. Henry G. Hubbard’s fine residence which has been in course of construction several months, will not be completed for some time yet. It will certainly be a su perb mansion. The railroad rumblings, after having al most ceased to be heard, are beginning to sound ugain in our city. Rumor has it that a survey is being made from St. Au gustine through Sau Mateo, which may possibly pass through Crescent City. New Orleans’ Winter Meeting. New Orleans, Dec. ti.—The winter’s meeting of the Louisiana Jockey Club was continued to-day. The events were as fol lows: First Rack—Six furlongs. Cares won, with Overton second and Jim Nave third. Time 1: ’..i'-y. Second Race- One mile. Phil Lewis won, with Little Joe second aud Ofellus third. Time 1:544 Third Race—Sir furlongs, flolightly won, with Viranza second and Buckeye third. Time 1:244 Forum Rack - Seven and a hair fiulongs. Governor won. with Jttle Minnie second and Jim Williams third. Time 1 :44!4 GEORGIA'S CAPITAL CITY. Tho Rome and Decatur Road Can Bridge the Oostanaula River. Atlanta, Ga., Dec. 6.—ln the Federal Court to-day, in the case of tbe White Star Line Steamboat Company vs. the Rome and Decatur railroad, an application to restrain the defendant in the erection of an iron bridge over the Oostanaula river on the ground that it would impede navigation in high water, was refused. The defendant showed that there were several railroad and wagon bridges on tho same river, not so high as the new bridge, about which there had never been any complaint. The grand jury investigated the killing of Charnel Hightower this morning and found bills against Elbert Ware and Isaiah Lamar, who were arrested by Detective Gene Couch. The indictments are for murder, and it is saiii that strong testimony was introduced pointing to Ware as being the party who threw the rock that killed Hightower, and to Lamar as aiding and abetting the crime. Lamar and Ware were taken to the county jail. At a late hour last night the main build ings at the Chattahoochee brick yard, eight miles from the city, owned by the peniten tiary lessee was destroyed hy tire. Tho loss is estimated at 810,000. One hundred and forty convicts were in the building, twenty five of whom were women. All were re moved uninjured aud this morning were carried to another camp. Clark Froher (colored), a free laborer, from Newnan, in lighting the fire fell off the roof and was buried under a falling chimney. He died this morning. HKAPPOINTED JUDGE. Henry R. Roebuck, who was appointed and confirmed by the Senate Judge of the County Court of Elbert county for four years from March 118, 1888, was to-day ap pointed by the Governor to fill the vacancy in that judgeship occasioned by the resigna tion of Henry C. Carlton. Mr. Carlton has removed from Elbert county to Newnan. The Governor issued an order to-day re quiring George K. Brown, Treasurer of Hancock county, to make anew bond by request of the sureties. That office is in a bad muddle. The County Commissioners declared it vacant on account of alleged malfeasance of Brown. Brown resisted and has fought his case to the Supreme Court, where it is now pending. State School Commissioner Orr is consid ered in a critical condition to-day. His sickness is assigned to nervous prostration from overwork. The municipal election will take place to morrow. Six Councilmen and two Aider men are to be elected. The Prohibitionists and Antis each have a full ticket in the field, and both sides are actively at work for their respective tickets. Party lines, how ever, are not strictly drawn by the voters, and much scratching is looked for on both tickets. WOOLFOLK’S TRIAL. A Jury Secured and the First Witness on the Stand. Macon, Ga., Dec. 6.—The trial of Thomas G. Woolf oik was continued in Bibb county Superior Court, to-day. After exhausting 108 names a jury was obtained composed of the following named gentlemen: T. A. Lowrey, life insurance agent; William J. McKay, boot and shoe salesman; R. H. Bar ron, manufacturers agent; A. R. Tinsley, manufacturer; Miles W. Kitchens, planter; Asher Ayers, broker, J. P. Rosevelt, cotton merchant; J. H. Timberlake, bookkeeper; H. J. Harvey, preacher aud manager of the cotton compresses; C. W. Smith, Jr., book-, keeper; T. C. Hendrix, contractor and builder; George Lumpkin, Justice of the Peace and merchant. The examination of witnesses was then begun. S. E. Chambless was the first wit ness! called, pending his examination the court adjourned until to-morrow morning at 9 o’clock. THREE NEGROES KILLED. The Boiler at the Oil Mill at Hogans ville Bursts. Hogansville, Ga., Dec. 6.—An eighty five horse power boiler in the Hogansville Oil Mill exploded at 5 o’clock this morning, instantly killing three negroes—Jim Harden, the engineer, Jim Jones and George Hendon. The body of one of the negroes was hurled a great distance, and all three were terribly mangled. The workmen quit work at 9 o’clock last night, at which hour the fire under the boiler was extinguished. This morning the three negroes went to the mill to lire up. They had barely done so when the explosion occurred. The building in which the boiler was located was badly wrecked and an oak tree two feet in diame ter, which stood near by, was blown up by the roots. The damage is $2,000. A MOONSHINE -’S SURRENDER. He Showed Fight at First, But Persua sion Calmed Him Down. Atlanta, Ga., Dec. 6. —In Newton coun ty to-day Deputy Marshal Cochran, with a posse of t wenty men. in attempting the ar rest of Brant, a moonshiner, had a lively experience. They found Brant on the prem ises of a Mr. Ivy, near Newton factory. Brant, armed with two pistols and a double barreled shotgun, made a dash to escape, and was headed off by part of the posse. He turned and ran through the lot and was there headed off by Cochran. Seeing himself surrounded, Brant ran into the house and went up-stairs. There ho stood at bay and defied the posse to take [ him, saying that if they brought him to Atlanta they would have to bring him dead. Mrs. Ivy was very sick in the house and Cochran did not want to rush all tho posse in for fear it would endanger her life. He sent Ivy to Brant to reason with him, and sent him word that he had plenty of men to take him, and that they would get him whether he resisted or not, and he hail better come down quietly and submit. Finally Brant submitted, saying that he was overjx>wered. He was brought to Atlanta and lodged in jail. SUICIDE AT PENSACOLA. A Well-to-Do Steamboat Captain Found Dead Against a Tree. Pensacola, Fla., Dec. 6. Capt. M. O’Leary, a prominent steamboat owner and captain, committed suicide last night by shooting himself in tho right temple. His body was found this morning in the outskirts of the city, in the neighborhood of one of the old Spanish forts. His position when found was one that would indicate a person at rest after exhaustion, be ing seated alongside of a small tree, his back resting thereon. There is nothing that this rash act cau be attributed to. His business associa tions as far as is known were pleasant and profitable. Ho has been engaged many years in the steamboat business in this har bor, and at the time of his death owned a share in the steamer Nellie, of which he was master. The Circuit Court of this (Escambia) county convened yesterday, with the grand and petit jurors d'uiy impaneled. The for mer will find their duties comparatively light, owing to the manner iu which the criminal court of this county has reduced the criminal docket. Print Works to Be Closed. Providence, K. 1., Dec. 6.—The Rich mond Manufacturing Company to-dav de cided to shut down pennant ntly their print works in this city, which have been run ning for over 40 years. The condition of trade led to the stop. They run eight machines and employ nearly 200 hands. “Men must work and women weep, So runs the world away !” But they need not weep so much if they use Dr. Pierce’s “Favorite Prescription,” which cures all the painful maladies peculiar to women. Bold by druggists FLORIDA S METROPOLIS. Abolishing Free Passes The Local Political . ight. _ Jacksonville, Fla., Dec. 6.—The “fes tive” burglar is hero in all his glory and strength. He knows the Florida season as well as the other tourists, and is promptly on hand. This week “he” or “they” have made themselves known numerously, and the sufferers are "going” energetically for the police. Last night before 12 o’clock they broke into the city ticket offices of the Florida, Railway and Navigation Com pany and the Clyde Steamship Company. In each case they broke out a pane of glass in the rear window, forced the inside shut ters and turned the offices upside down in their efforts to secure cash. At the Florida Railroad and Navigation Company’s office they found sls in cash, and a revolver, after prying open the money drawer. The safe was not attacked. The Clyde line lost nothing, but Mr. Hubbard, the ticket agent, lost a fine revolver. Both these offices are on the main street and have glass fronts. As electric lights were burning in front, lighting up the interior, the city guardians are blamed considerably. PASSES ABOLISHED. Something of astir was occasioned by the publication of the following letter from the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West railway managers this morning: Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Ry, j General Manaoer’s Office, V Jacksonville. Fla., Dec. fi, 1887.) Deaii Sir—The Florida Railroad Commission ers had absolute proof submitted to them, be fore they adopted their unreasonable and un just rules and rates, that the rates in force prior to the creation of the commission had not been sufficient to pay even the daily running ex penses of several of the railroads of this State. Among these are the Indian river division of our system and the Sanford and Lake Eustis road, which is run under a contract made with this company. It was shown, also, by carefully prepared statements, sworn to by the officers of this com pany, that the Jacksonville and St. Augustine road had never earned its fixed charges, and that for the year ending Sept. 30, 1887, its ex -1 tenses exceeded its income by more than $30,- 000. The commissioners had never passed over a foot of the three roads above named at the time we appeared before them, and, therefore, the undersigned urged them to examine them and the country they serve, offering to place at their disposal a special traiu for that purpose. They declined to make this examination, and w ithout the knowledge necessary to intelligent action, aud wdthout one solitary complaint from the people served by these roads, they arbitra rily. unjustly and unnecessarily cut down the rutes, in utter disregard of the proof above re ferred to. The only reason that can possibly be urged by them for this aetiou is, that the roads named arc in the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West system, the main stem of which—Jack sonville to Sanford—makes money; though it was distinctly shown that the St. Augustine road is not owned by this company. The Commissioners have thus tried to confis cate the capital invested in our lines, and have notified investors from other States to keep themselves and their money out of a State, which sanctions and legalizes so far as it can such wrongs. It has therefore become necessary for this company, in common with other railways in this State, to realize all income possible under the despotic ruliugs of the commission. Consequently, on and after Dec. 10, 1887, the following rules will take effect, of which parties in interest will please take notice: 1. All passes, editorial and otherwise, except railway exchange passes, are recalled and re voked. 2. All half-fare permits to clergymen are re called and revoked. 3. Mileage tickets will not be sold at less than 3c. per mile. Yours respectfully, G. W. Bentley, General Manager. Capt. Maxwell, of the Florida Railway and Navigation Company, was seen by the New'B representative, and in reply to queries, said he was p 1 eparing a letter of similar import for their road. He said it was the only thing for the railroads to do, as they must economize on every hand. When asked if there was any preconcerted action of all the Florida roads in this re spect, he said he did not know, but supposed they all would adopt similar measures. Another railroad official also seen this morning said that the Southern roads of the State have already adopted this plan. Orders were issued to the conductors several days ago in regard to them, and soon “free passes” will lie a thing of the past. The official remarked, however, that he was sorry to see it, as it probably marked the beginning of a fight. The Commissioners would insist on a strict observance of their laws, said he, and all passengers must pay. Thus the roads are forced into it, and the result will be watched for with curiosity. MB. L’ENGLE’S EXCUSE. P. P. L’Engle writes a letter to-day ex plaining why he refused to give a copy of the registration list* to any one, and saving that the demand frojn the City Council for a certified copy of the lists would be com plied with as soon as his clerks could copy them. But it is said that they will hardly be delivered till the morning of the election. The Criminal Court adjourned this morn ing to Thursday morning on account of the death of E. H. Buchman, son of the Clerk of the Circuit Court, and brother of the Clerk of the Criminal Court. The libel suit of F. E. Lewis, of Massa chusetts, for .8300,000 against the Florida Printing and Publishing Company for the article published in the News-Herald last summer regarding the death of Miss Lewis here last winter, is set to be called in the United States Court for to-morrow. Tho Press, the new anti-prohibition paper, made its appearance this afternoon, ft is a tiny, three-column sheet, typographically neat. In his editorial announcement Mr. Markens states that no personal abuse will appear in its columns, and lie expects to argue against prohibition, because be sin cerely believes it is going to hurt the city. A large number of prominent lawyers from all portions of the Slate are here in attendance on the United States Court. The committee of twenty-seven was ap pointed this morning and held an hour’s animated discussion regarding tho nomina tions at noon. The committee consisted of R. A Russell. Ed Williams, William Bost wick, I). U. Fletcher, B. M. Baer, .J. T. Boyd, J. M. Barrs, Stephen Wiggins, F. M. Robinson, Democrats; J. W. White, F. S. Simmons, J. C. Kernan, B. F. Sawyer, J. J. Holland, Wiley Jones, J. E. Spearing, N. Webster, Knights of Labor; G. W. Whitmore, J. S. Parker, E. Fortune, Wil liam M. Ledwitb, J. It. Challnn, E. Latson, P. E. McMurray, W. G. Garvin, A. Sen sing, Republicans. The nominating committee finished their work after four hours hard wrestling and at 3 o’clock presented their report as fol lows: For Mayor, C. B. Smith. For Aldermen; First ward, R. A. Russell and Walter Wet more; Second, W. T. Delaport and Benja min Wright; Third, W. It. Clarkson and T. Fortune; Fourth, P. Walter and IX W. Fletcher; Fifth, B. M. Baer and William Clarke; Sixth, T. J. Boyd and C. M. Den nis; Seventh, J. M. Barrs and P. E. McMar ray; Eighth, S. W. Wiggins and J. E. Spearing, Ninth, E. YV. Gillen aud Norman Webster. Five of the proposed Aldermen are colored. The meeting indorsed the nomi nations and then adjourned. The attend ance was not exl remely large, nor was tho enthusiasm at fever pitch when the names were rend. It is predicted to-night that the “fat is now in the lire'’ sure and that an opposition ticket will be started. The head seems to suit but it is claimed that the city,’’.representative men irrespec tive of party are not on the ticket. Great surprise is expressed that the committee of twenty-seven so fairly composed itself should put up such a weak ticket. The indications late to-nieht are that the nominees will be given a support by the mas* of citizens. A {imminent politi cian said to-night that another ticket would be announced to morrow, and a representa tive one that would command the respect and supixirt of all citizens. Tue Sub-Tropical Ex{x>sition boomed to day. The Lake County Commissioners ap propriated SI,<XJO, Folk #3,000 and Putnam $2,500. At the fruit saie this afternoon choice brights brought 10, brights No. 252 10, and russets #1 70. J. H. Orvis, of the Windsor Hotel, ar rived to-Jay. MEETINGS. GEORGIA CHAPTER NO. 3, R. A. >l. The annual convocation of this Chapter will tie held THIS (Wednesday) EVENING, at 8 o’clock, when the eleetion of officers will take place. Every companion is requested to be present. By order of THOMAS BALLANTYNK, H. P. P. H. Ward,* Rec< Tiler. • I. O. O. F. MAGNOLIA EN- X CAMPMKNT No. 1. Odd Fellows’ Tem- | _ pie, N. W. corner Bar- I• O. wO. R nard and State streets. Regular meeting Jr THIS t Wednesrtaviixau.' EVENING atßo’clock. FRED. FICKEN, C. P. J. S. Tyson, Scribe. GOLDEN RI LE LODGE NO. 12, I. O. O. F. A regular meeting of this Lodge will be held THIS EVENING ut 8 o'clock. Members of other Lodges and visiting brothers are invited to attend. By order of FRED EINSFELD, N. G. D F. McCoy, Secretary. THE EQUITABLE LOAN AND BUILDING ASSOCIATION. The fifteenth (15th) regular monthly meeting of this association will be held at the office of Jackson & Whatley THIS (Wednesday) EVEN ING at 8 o’clock. C. P. MILLER, President. J. L. AVuatley, Secretary. SPECIAL NOTICES. Advertisements inserted under “Special Notices ” will be charyed $1 00 o Square each insertion. STATE AND COUNTY TAXES ISB7. Office Collector State and County Taxes, ) Chatham County. Georoia, > Savannah. Oct. 19, 1887. ) The digest is now- open for the collection of the above Taxes on all property, real and per sonal; the Specific Tax on Professions; also, the POLL TAX for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES, on all MALE RESIDENTS of the City and Coun ty, between the ages of twenty-one and sixty years. Office at the Court House. Hours from 9A. M. to 3 P. M. JAS. J. McGOWAN, Tax Collector C. C. A GRAND TURKEY -SHOOTING MATCH Will take place THURSDAY EVENING, Dec. 8, commencing at 3 o’clock, at my place, on the Augusta road, three miles from the city. D. OTGENS. TURKEYS! TURKEY'S! CHICKENS! CHICKENS! CHOICE DRESSED TURKEY’S and CHICKENS Arriving this day per express and for sale low at JOHN LYONS <fc CO.’S. election for directors. Central Railroad and Banking Cos. of Ga., ) Savannah, Ga., Deo. Ist, 1887. )’ An election for Thirteen Directors to manage the affairs of this Company for the ensuing year will be held at the Banking House, in Sa vannah, MONDAY, the SECOND day of JANU ARY, 1888, bet w ren the hours of 10 o'clock A, m., and 3 o'clock p. si. Stockholders and their families will be passed free over the Company’s road to attend the election from the 31st De cember to 2nd January inclusive, and be passed free returning from the 2nd to sth of January inclusive, on presentation of their stock certifi cates to the conductors. T. M. CUNNINGHAM. Cashier. ULMER'S LIVER CORRECTOR. This vegetable preparation is invaluable for the restoration of tone and strength to the sys tem. For Dyspepsia, Constipation and other ills, caused by a disordered liver, it cannot be excelled. Highest prizes awarded, and in dorsed by eminent medical men. Ask for Ul mer’s Liver Corrector and take no other. SIOO a bottle. Freight paid to any address. B. F. ULMER, M. D.. Pharmacist, Savannah. Ga. NOTICE TO CITIZENS. City or Savannah, I Office Clerk of Council, Dec. 5, 1887. f The attention of the Mayor has been called to the unsightly condition of some of the streets, squares aud lanes where loose paper and rubbish are swept or put into the same. Clean paper and rubbish should not be put loose into the streets or lanes in boxes or other wise. Only garbage and ordinary sweepings should be so placed, as pajier is frequently blown away before the scavenger can take charge of it. Such rubbish should be kept in side in boxes or bags, and the scavenger noti fied when to call for it. The following ordinance is published for in formation, aud the police force is instructed to enforce it strictly. By order of the MAYOR. Fraxk E. Rebarer, Clerk of Council. ORDINANCE. An ordinance to amend article LX. of the Sa vannah City Code, adopted Feb. 16, 1870, so as to require all occupants of houses, merchants, shopkeejiers, grocers and tradesmen occupying premises to which no j ads are attached to keep within their premises a box or barrel of sufficient size, in which shall be deposited all offal, filth, tubbisli, dirt and other matter gen erated in said premises, or to put such box or barrel in the streets or lanes under conditions prescribed herein. Section 1. Be it ordained by the Mayor and Aldermen of the city of Savannah in Council assembled, and it is hereby ordained by the au thority of the same. That section 2 of said arti cle be amended so as to read as follows: The owners, tenants or occupiers of bouses haviug yards or enclosures, and all occupants of houses, all merchants, shopkeepers, grocers and trades men occupying premises to which no yards are attached snail keep w ithin their yards or premi ses a box or barrel of sufficient size, in which shall he deposited ail tue offal, filth, rubbish, dirt and other matter generated in said bifilding and inclosure, and the said filth of every de scription as aforesaid shall lie placed in said box or barrel, from the first day of April to the first day of November, before the hour of 7 o'clock a. ni., and from the first day of Novem ber (inclusive) to the last day of March (inclu sive) before the hour of 8 o'clock a. m„ and such matter so placed shall be daily removed (.Sn days excepted) by the Superintendent, to such places two miles at least without the city as shall be designated by the Mayor or a majority of the Street and Lane Committee. And it shall be unlawful for any occupant of a house, merchant, shopkeeper, grocer or tradesman to sweep into or to deposit in any street or lane of this city any paper, trash, or rubbish of any kind w hatsoever, but the same shall !>•■ kept ill boxes or barrels as hereinbefore provided, for removal by the scavenger of the city. Any person not having a yard may put the box or barrel containing the offal, rubbish, etc., in the street or lane for removal by the scavenger, provided the box or barrel so put in the street or lane shall be of such character and size as to securely keep the offal, rubbish, etc., from get ting into the street or lane. And any person other than the owner or scavenger interfering with or troubling the box or barrel so put iu the street or lane shall be punished on convic tion thereof iu tiie Police Court by fine not ex ceeding SIOO or imprisonment not exceeding thirty days,.either or both in the discretion of officer presiding in said court. Ordinance passed in Council June Ist, 1887. RUFUS E. LESTER, Mayor. Attest: Frank E. Uebarek, Clerk of Council. TIIE MORNING NEWS STEAM PRINTING HOUSE, 3 Whitaker Street. Tho Job Department of tho Morning News, embracing JOB AND BOOK PRINTING, LITHOGRAPHING AND ENGRAVING, book Binding and account book MANUFACTURING, Is the most complete in the South. It is t horough ly equipped with the most improved machinery, employs a large force of competent workmen and carries a full stock of papers of all descriptions. These facilities enable the establishment to execute orders for anything in the above lines at the shortest notice and tho lowest prices con sistent with good work. Corporations, mer chants. manufacturers, luechablcs and business men generally, societies and committees, are requested to get estimates from the MORNING NEWS STEAM PRINTING HOUSE berore send ing their orders abroad. J. H. ESTILL. SPECIAI- NOTICES. dividend NO. 50. " Augusta and Savannad Railroad, ( Savannah, Ga., Dec. 5, 1887.) On and after THIS DATE a dividend of three dollars and a half per share will be paid to the Stockholders of the Augusta and Savannah Railroad, at the Ranking House of Charles H Olmstead & Cos., between the hours of 10 a m and 1 e. m. W. S. LAWTON, ’ * President. notice. Neither the Captain nor Consignees of th British steamship TIMOR, whereof Hodgson is Master, will be responsible for any debts contracted by the crew. A. MINIS & SONS, Consignees. wanted! A good Job Printer can get a permanent situ ation by applying to THE SENTINEL, * Jesnp, Ga. Amusements 7 ~ SAVANNAH THEATRE.' Wednesday and Thursday, Dee. 7 and 8. APPEARANCE OF MARIE PRESCOTT AND R. D. McLEAN, SUPPORTED BY A GOOD COMPANY. WEDNESDAY EVENING, the great Romantio Drama, nsra-onvii-^AiR,. THURSDAY EVENING, Grand Double Bill, PYGMALION AND GALATEA And Two Scenes from RICHARD HI. Seats on sale at Davis Bros.’ Dec. 5. Next Attraction—Evangeline, Dec 9 and 10, SAVANNAH THEATRE. Nothing Succeeds Like Success 1 Friday Night and Saturday Matinee & Night, DEC. 9 AND 10. RICE'S “BEAUTIFUL EVANGELINE! vVith Its Great Cast I BEAUTIFUL COSTUMES and EFFECTS and a Musical Score of 40 numbers. Proprietor and Manager.. Mr. W. W. Tillotsoa Seats on sale at Davis Bros.’ Dec. 8. Next Attraction—“THE BROOK,” a beautiful Musical Comedy, Pec. 10 and 17. : < LOTI iiN O. “ WE ARE PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE THAT OUR Fall Stock is now complete and we will be pleased to show our friends and the public the prevailing and correct styles in CLOTHING, FURNISHINGS & HATS For the season, whether they call to supply themselves or only to see "what is to be worn." Respectful!), Men’s, Boys’ and Children’s Outfitters. Our Fall and Winter Catalogue is ready for distribution. GROCERIES. BONED TURKEY. ROLLED OX TONGUE. ASPARAGUS, in Glass and Tins. MUSHROOMS, in Glass and Tins. BONELESS SARDINES. NORWEGIAN SARDINES, Smoked. FRENCH PEAS, very small, And many other Imported and Domestic Deli cacies. A. 18. & C. W. WEST. 75 ORANGES. 75 75 boxes CHOICE BRIGHT ORANGES, wrapped, arrive This Day (Wednesday), Dec. 7th. Bottom prices. A. EHRLICH & BRO.. WHOLESALE GROCERS, 157 BAY STREET _ STOVES. TO EVERYBODY. We have more Heating Stove stock than we care to hold, and will give each caller a positive bargain in them. If you want a heater be certain to see us, and you will save considerable. LOVELL & LATTINIORE, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS, SAVANNAH, - - - - GEORGIA JTJGST^JTJGS -3,000 1 gallon Jugs. 3,000 2 gallon Jugs. 1,500 3 gallon Jugs. SUPERIOR QUALITY. CALL EARLY. A. EHRLICH & BRO., WHOLESALE GROCERS, 157 BAVSTREIOB I.X,R SALE. < )hl Newspapers, just the thin? ■ for wrappers, only 15 cents a tiuuaraJ. ■ lor 26 cents, at the business office. § :