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-) j h. ESTILL, Editor and Proprietor, f
t BREEZE IX THE HOUSE.
tARCH COMES INTO CONGRESS
LIKE A LION.
Few Hours of Stormy Legislation—
Mr. McKinley’s Speech—Gen. Weaver
Strikes the House Like a Blast From
the Cave of Eolus—How the Trusts
Suffered!—Sam Randall on His Feet.
Washington, March 10.—The first real
sal breeze in the House of Representatives
.■as felt ou March 1. The month came in
ke a lion, but whether it will go out like a
imb remains to be seen. It was a good,
trong w ind, with a tempestuous tendency,
here was a whistling in oak boughs, a
lendiug of willows, a shaking of at least
me Reed, and a quivering of aspen leaves,
file morn opened fair and bright, with
Sunset Cox in the Speaker’s chair. There
was no indication of trouble in the atmos
phere. The usual rustling of silks in the
galleries was heard, and
the members sauntered around the
House perfectly at ease. A lengthy prayer
by the Rev. William Brush failed to stir the
blood. A droning reading of the journal
followed. Then letters from the Secreta
ries of War and of the Treasury were read,
and a few Senate bills were referred. Next
■ame a show er of questions of privilege.
Vtr. Dibble objected to the use of a verb in
he Congressional Record, where a noun
,vas plainly in order. Silver Dollar Bland
i ad a little fault to find with the Committee
pd Coinage, Weights and Measures. Pig
Iron Kellev pouuded the correspondent
if the fiofton Globe, because there
as no petition between the cells of his
memory and of his imagination. Watch
Dog Holman, under cover of a question of
privilege, fired thirty-one land bills into the
House, and then blandly moved to lay them
on the table. He afterward substituted a
bill for the whole batch, ami had that bill
referred back to his committee. Next two
members asked for leave of absence on ac
count of important business—possibly in
*he United States Supreme Court. Then
Messrs. Clardy and Matson tried to get the
House to set the time for picnics on bills
:rom the Commerce and Pension commit
ees.
During all this time a handsome, sharp
'ved gentleman, with a snowy moustache
and straight, iron-gray hair, sat in the cen
ter of the Democratic side of the House,
rotting his left leg. His cuffs were hidden
by his coat sleeves. He scratched and
■ubbed his head and teetered backward and
or ward in lift cha.r. At times he patted
his desk. He rai ed his eye-brows when
Pig Iron Kelley began to pound the reporter,
and corrugated his forehead when Watch
Dog Holman made his public land coup.
At times he put his band to his ears to
hear what was going on. Once or twice be
arose to his feet, and tried to oaten the eye
of Sunset Cox. At the third effort he re
mained on his feet until recognized. Then
he moved that the House r^-j—- to*-*
qvlulmtteo ot trio Whole on the state of the
Union, for the consideration of the bill pro
viding foo the purchase of United States
bonds by the Secretary of the Treasury.
The music of the coming breeze w as heard
when the Speaker pro tern, called the Hon.
Julius Csesar Burrows to the chair. It was
tko first time that this courtesy had been
shown a Republican since the Forty-eighth
Congress. Burrows, like Julius Caesar, is
of remarkably fine appearance. He has an
an intellectual face, broad shoulders, blue
eyes, a full beard, a clear complexion, and a
Michigan conscience. He wears a snuff
colored coat with creased tails. He hesi
tated a moment, as if distrustful of his ears,
and then arose and walked tc the Speaker’s
desk. No workman on the big pipes ever
moved with more deliberation. The ex-
Minister to Turkey presented the gavel like
a man drawing a revolver. Julius Csesar
gracefully received it, and whacked the
desk with characteristic energy.
Meantime the breeze began to play among
the trees and foam appeared upon the
waters of legislation. Mr. Mills broke
cover by intimating that the passage of tho
bill was necessary to settle the conscientious
scruples of the Secretary of the Treasury.
Then he yielded an indefinite amount of
time to Mr. McKinley, of Ohio, whom he
called his “colleague on the Committee of
Ways and Means.”
,A thick-set man with sunken eyes, a
smooth face, and dark hair- arose away off
on the left of the Speaker. He spoke with
out notes. His frock coat was buttoned to
the chin. At a distance he looked like the
Rev. Dr. Edward McGlynti. His voice was
as clear as a bell. It penetrated to every
part of the chamber. The breeze freshened,
and iL cooling influence began to be felt on
the Democratic side af tho House. Those
in the galleries sat spell-bound. All the
members faced the orator. Every eye was
upon him, and every ear turned toward
lam. It was a telling speech, made more
telling by the dispassionate manner of
its delivery. It mildewed the conscien
tious scruples of the Secretary of the Treas
ury, and more than dampened the backs of
tbe supporters of the Administration. The
cool wind gave place to a sirocco, scorching
and blistering. Mr. McKinley closed his
speech by insinuati <g that the President
had purposely piled up the surplus in the
Treasury, and afterward predicted disaster
and financial ruin if the tariff duties were
not reduced. In compactness, clearness,
and diction it was the best speech thus far
delivered in the House.
The Buckeye orator had hardly taken his
when Mr. Mills gave half au hour to
Den. Weaver, of lowa. Weaver struck the
House like a blast from tho Cave of Eolus
He is a tall, handsome man, with a flowing
gray moustache and a magnificent presence.
Ibe wind freshened until its music was
be.ird in tho corridors outside. A further
rustling of silks was beard in the galleries,
*nd every seat was filled. The bright rib
bons and variegated hats adorning the sec
tion reserved for the familios of members
presented a strange contrast to the ebon
fa'es of the negroes dotting tho space re
•erved for men. Weaver was on his mettle.
It was the first chance that ho had hud at
tb Fiftieth Congress, and lie improved it.
He ( billed the blood of his fair hearers when
b aid that the “country is now w ithin the
hasp i of a gigantic, cold-blooded money
tju->t." The negroes started when he said that
, ” trust “bad built our financial struc-
Dro to suit tho cupidity of the usurer, and
1(1 administer to the devouring npiietite of
tifuey ghouls.” Honest Dennis Kearney,
" bo had pre-empted tbe diplomatic reserva
‘jwi, slapped his thigh with approval when
lb" general said that the trust had made
llr financial system “a snare, n delusion,
~ n, ‘ a rack of torture to the producers, ami
* ted of qui cksand to business energy and
‘’'neat thrift." But the great sand lot agi-
T twisted like a dervish when he heard
caver roar out: “Fifty or more national
anks have been literally stuffed with gov
rmnent money for the past quarter of a
sntury—money wrung from the people by
aijnst legislation, and loaned back by the
®ani..s to the poor wretches from whom it
•as extorted.”
It was at this point in Mr. Weaver’s
* t * ,e "Tnd blew a gale. Hats
‘•re blown off and sunshade** carried sky
aru by tue orator’s figures. He said that
l , °* the Treasury McCulloch
=if 100,000of the public money in his
ex-Comptroller of the Currency Can-
non had $ 1,100,000 in his hands. The First
National Bank of New York was not doing
as well as it did when John Sherman was
Secretary of the Treasury. Then, with a
capital of less than #250,000. it was caught
with #43,000,000 of the public money in its
vaults. To-day it had only $1,100,000. Ex-
Comptroller John J. Knox had $030,000 of
the people’s morev in his bank. Ex-Post
master General Creswell had $105,000, and
ex-Treasurer Jordan had #1,000,000
sent to his depository by Sec
retary Fail child. The Standard Oil
Company had $680,000 of govern
ment money in its banks, and other estab
lishments in proportion. “These trusts,”
continued Mr. Weaver, to the great delight
of Dennis Kearney and to the horror of
the negroes, “are choking the very life out
of the people, and are using the people’s
money to oppress them. It is a public out
rage and a villainous shame!”
When the gale was at its height a score
of petrels began to scream, but Weaver
bore no interruption, and declined to yield
the floor. He closed in a tornado of elo
quence. The excitement of his hearers had
hardly found relief when a big-browed,
burly gentleman, with a face like Horace
Greeley and a shirt front like Joseph How
ard, Jr., stilled the storm. Ho was
a Reed not shaken Pay the wind. The breeze
came from the east while he was talking.
He made a pungent speech, filled with logic
and sprinkled with sarcasm. Its point,
however, was a repitition of the charge of
Mr. McKinley, that “the present financial
conditi- nof the country was a part of the
conspiracy against protection.” The ladies
seemed especially pleased with Mr. Reed’s
speech. His elegance of diction, his broad
Yankee accent, and Ins fascinating manner
irresistibly attracted them. The great
leader blushed with becoming modesty on
receiving hearty applause from both floor
and gallery.
Then came the speech of the day. The
wind had blown from the East and the
West. Jt was succeeded by a rattling
breeze from the South. There was the
scent of orange blossoms in its breath, and
it wafted the music of mocking birds and
orioles to the ears of the listeners. A silvery
headed man, with a moustache and beard
even more silvery, took the field on behalf
of the Democracy. He came from the dis
trict once represented by Henry Clay. He
was the eloquent Breckearidge. of Ken
tucky. Commanding in figure, neat in
dress, graceful in maimer, and ornate in
speech, he awoke the interest of the listen
ers anew. He stood in a side aisle, away
back toward the screens, with buttoned
coat. His right hand was thrust
in his bosom. The other hung by the thumb
from the pocket of his trousers. It was a
broad speech from a broad basis. As he
warmed in his argument he spread out both
hands, and used his right index finger in
emphasis. So deftly did he weave his cloth
of gold that all were pleased. Applause ou
the Democratic side was followed by ap
plause from the Republicans. The orator
became more fervid. His head shook from
side to side in tbe intensity of his utterances.
At one moment his left hand was behind his
back, while his right quivered responsively
to his voice. In the heat of his argument
he advanced down the aisle with vigorous
Tneu n* otoppeu ana loyea wun
the button of his coat while unravelling a
skein of sophistry. After using
his left index finger in strengthen
ing an argument, both hands described the
arc of a circle in forcing his conclusion upon
his hearers. Ofttimes he threw his palms
from his breast. Then he stooped and cast
bis body forward in emotional earnestness.
There was no shouting and nothing bois
terous. His enunciation was almost per
fect, and his notes were as clear as the notes
of a bell. The only defect, if defect it was,
was the pronunciation of the word “too.”
Like Mr. Herbert, of Alabama, and other
Southerners, he said “toe.” His face finally
reddened with his exertions, and his hand
kerchief was freely used, The interest of
the House in his speech was quickly made
manifest. As he advanced down the aisle
Republicans gathered in a knot in the space
nearly fronting the sneaker. McKinley,
Hiestand, Fitch, Faruuhar, and others were
among them. Tom Reed remained stand
ing, apparently lost in wonderment. Wea
ver sat behind Breckinridge; with his hands
to his ears, and Holman, Randall, McMillan,
White, Wilbur, Sayres and Bucka lew were
,‘cattered in the seats near by, open-eyed
and open eared.
This breeze from the south purified the
atmosphere. No blight nor mildew was left
in its train. Pig Iron Kelley tried to
answer Breckinridge, but did not hold the
attention of the House. He waved the old
ensanguined shirt, got lost in the tobacco
fields of the South, and fi ally landed on a
pile of Bessemer rails. “We made in 1887
more than half the steel that was made ou
God’s footstool,” he said.
At this Brackenri Igearose. “How much
does my venerable friend say half of the
steal was ?” he asked.
Mr. Kelley, however, was not non
plussed. Wilh characteristic readiness he
said: “Oh! that is a lieautiful pun! That
is a sweet play upon a word, and if there
were a prohibitory duty on the flowers of
rhetoric, my friend from Kentucky would
have much cause to complain.”
Sam Randall continued the debate. He
wore a low cut waistcoat, an open frock
coat, dark trousers, and a pair of spectacles.
His cuffs and turn-down collar were espe
cially conspicuous. The collar was held in
place by a butterfly tie with a rubber
spring. The wings covered its points, and
his speech indicated that they were ready
to “flap together.” Mr. Randall sailed
through a very narrow strait, avoiding
the whirlpool of Charvbdis and the rocks of
Scylla. He struck bottom once or twice,
but finally got out in the open sea with a
beautiful breeze.
Gen. Hooker, of Mississippi, was the next
orator. He picked up what few arguments
there were left lying around loose, bunched
them in a masterly manner, and heaved
them over on tho Republican side of the
chamber. One or two fellows were
wounded, but no further damage was done.
Such was the first tariff donate of the ses
sion. It was breezy and delightful, but it
is hardly indicative of what is to follow.
The sky is lowering. Black clouds, with
sulphurous rims, are gathering in the North
we t. and there are sonic indications of a
cyclone. Shrewd Congressmen are paying
attention to their “dug-outs,” while others
are sitting on verandas smoking cigars arid
sipping wine, and apparently undmindlul
of the fate that may eventually overtake
them. Amos J. Cummings.
CRUSHED BY CARS.
A Train Haud Loses a Leg In the Yards
at Augusta.
Augusta, Ga., March 11.— John Herring
(White), a train hand who lives in Charles
ton, was badly injured at the South Caro
lina railway freight yard to-night. He was
making up a freight train for Charleston,
and in coupling a car had his arm broken
in two places by the train coming together.
Dr. J. E. Aden was called to attend the in
jured man. The arm was amputated above
tho elbow.
Charlie Bland, a negro boy, was pushing
forward to see tbe injured man, when he
was ordered by the conductor to stand hack.
He refused, and in the quarrel drew a knife
and attempted to stab the conductor.
Fred Carr, aged IS years, son of Harry
Carr, was thrown from a buggy this after
noon, and bis arm was broken. He also
sustained internal injuries.
SAVANNAH, GA., MONDAY, MARCH 12, 1888.
AN AGE OF DISHONESTY.
THE WORLD’S DESIGNING SPIDERS
AND VICTIMIZED FLIES.
Talmage Takes a Text From Job
Which is Applicable to To-day—
Where the Blame For This State of
Affairs Lies—Calling Things By Their
Right Name.
Brooklyn, March 11.—The hymn sung
at the Tabernacle this morning begins:
“A cloud of witnesses around
Hold thee in full survey;
Forget the steps already trod,
And onward urge thy way.”
As, last Sabbath, the Kev. T. DeWitt
Tahuage, D. 1)., the pastor, had baptized by
sprinkling, ho this morning baptized by im
mersion those who preferred this mode, a
baptistry having boon built under the pul
pit, The subject of his sermon was: ‘‘The
Age of Swindle,” and the text, Job viii., 14:
“Whose trust shall be a spider’s web.” Dr.
Talinage said:
The two most skillful architects in all the
world are the bee and the spider. The one
puts up a sugar manufactory and the other
builds’a slaughter house for flies. On a
bright summer morning when thesiyi comes
out and shines upon the spider’s web, be
decked with dew, the gossamer structure
seems bright enough for a suspension bridge
for supernatural beings to cross on. But
al is for the poor fly, wliich, in the latter
part of that very day, ventures on it, and
is caught and dungeoned and destroyed.
The fly was informed that it was a free
t ridge, aud would cost nothing, but at the
other end of the bridge the toll paid was its
own life. The next day there comes down a
strong wind, and away goes the web,
and the marauding spider and the
victimized fly. So delicate are the
silken threads of the spider’s
web that many thousands of them are put
together before they become visible to the
human eye, and it takes four million of
them to make a thread as large as the human
hair. Most cruel as well as most ingenious
is the spider. A prisoner in the liastilo,
France, had one so trained that at the sound
of a violin it every day came for its meal
of flies. Job, the author of my text, and
the loading scientist of his day, had no
doubt watched the voracious process of this
one insect with another, and saw spider and
fly swept down with the same broom, or
scattered by the same wind. Alas, that the
world has so many designing spiders and
victimized flies.
There has not been a time when the utter
and black irresponsibility of many men
having the financial interests of others in
charge, has been more evident than in these
last few years.
The unroofing of banks and disappearance
of administrators with the funds of large
estates, and the disorder amidst post office
accounts and deficits amid United States of
ficials, have made a pestilence of crime that
solemnizes every thoughtful man and
woman, and leads every philanthropist and
Din iaUa-Ti to oak. Wut shall be done to stay
the plague? There is a monsoon abroad, a
typhoon, a sirocco. 1 sometimes ask myself
if it would not be better for men making
wills to bequeath the property directly to
the executors and officers of the court, and
appoint the widows aud orphans a commit
tee to see that the former got all that did
not belong to them The simple fact is that
there are a large number of men sailing
yachts ard driving fast horses, and mem
bers of expensive club houses and controll
ing country seats who are not worth a dol
lar if they return to others their just
rights. Under some sudden reverse
they fail, and with afflicted air seem to re
tire from the world, and seem almost ready
for monastic life, when in two or three years
they blossom out again, having compro
mised with their creditors, that is, paid them
.nothing but regrets, and t he only difference
between the second chapter of pro perity
and the first, is that their pictures are Mu
rillos instead of Kensetts, and their horses
go a mile in twenty seconds less than their
predecessors, aud instead of one country seat
they have three I have watched and have
noticed that nine out of ten of those who
fail in w hat is called high life, have more
means after than before the failure, and in
many of the cases fuilure is only a strate
gem to escape the payment of honest debts
aud put the world off the track while they
practice a largo swindle. There is some
thing woefully wrong in the fact that these
things are possible.
First of all, I charge the blame on care
less, indifferent bank directors and boards
having in charge great financial institu
tions. It ought not to be possible for a
President or cashier or prominent officer of
a banking institution to swindle ityear after
year without detection. I will undertake
to say that if these frauds are carried on
for two or three years without detection,
either the directors are partners in the in
famy and pocketed part of the theft, or they
are guilty of a culpable neglect of duty, for
which God w ill hold them as responsible as
he holds the acknowledged defrauders.
What right have prominent business men
to allow their names to bo published as di
rectors in a financial institution, so that un
sophisticated people are thereby induced to
deposit their money in or buy the script
thereof, when they, the published directors,
are doing nothing for the safety of the in
stitution? It is a case of deception
most reprehensible. Many people with a
surplus of money, not needed for immedi
ate use, although it may be a little further
on indispensable, are without friends com
petent to advise them, aud they are guided
solely by the character of the men whose
names are associated with the institution.
When the crash came, and with the over
throw of the banks w eat the small earnings
and limited fortunes of widows aud orphans,
and the helplessly aged, the directors stood
with idiotic stare, and,to tLe inquiry of the
frenzied depositors and stockholders who
had lost their all, and to the arraignment of
an indignant public had nothing to say ex
cept: "Wo thought it was all right. We
did not know there was anything wrong
going on.” It was their duty to know.
They stood in a position which deluded
the people with the idea that they
were carefully observant. Calling
themselves directors, they did not direct.
They had opportunity of auditing accounts
and inspecting the books. >'o tune do so?
Then they had no business to accept the po
sition. It soemed to lie the pride of some
monied men to be directors in a great many
institutions, and all they know is whether
or not they get their dividends regularly
and their names are used as decoy ducks to
bring or hers near enough to tie made game
of. What first of all is needed is that <>,(M)
bank directors and insurance company di
rectors resign or attend to their bu iness as
directors. The business worid will be full
of fraud just as long as fraud is so easy.
When you arrest the president and secreta
ry of a bank for an embezzlement carried
on for many years, have plenty of sheriffs
out the same day to arrest all the directors.
They are guilty either of neglect or com
plicity.
‘Oh,” sqjne one will say, ‘‘better preach
the gospel :ind let business matters alone.”
1 reply: If your gospel dons not inspire
common honesty in tin: dealings of men, the
sooner you close up your go pel and pitch it
into the depths of the Atlantic ocea the
better. An orthodox swindler is war m than
a heterodox swindler. Tins recitation of all j
the cathecbUms aud creeds ever written, I
and drinking from all the communion chal
ices that ever glittered in the churches of
Christendom will never save your soul un
less your business character corresponds
with your religious profession. Some of
the worst scoundrels in America lino been
members of churches, and they got fat on
sermons about heaven when they most
needed to have the pulpits preach that
which would bring them to repentance or
thunder them out of the holy communions,
where their presence was a sacrilege and au
infamy.
•We must especially deplore the mis
fortune of banks in various parts of this
country in that they damage the banking
institution, which is the great convenience
of the centuries, and indispensable to com
merce amt the advance ot nations. With
one hand it blesses the lender, aud with tho
other it blesses the borrower. The bank
was born of the world’s neco sitios, and is
venerable with the marks of thousands of
years. Two hundred years before Christ
the bank of Ilium existed and paid its de
positors ten per cent. The bank of Venice
was established in 1171, and was of such
high credit that its bills were at a premium
above coins, wtiich were frequently clipped.
Bank of Genoa, founded iu 1345; liauk of
Barcelona, 1401; Bank of Amsterdam, 160'.);
Hank of Hamburg founded 1019, its circu
lation based on great silver bars kept in the
vaults; Bank of England, slated by Wil
liam Patterson iu 1042, up to this day man
aging the stupendous debt of
England; Bank of Scotland, founded
in 1095, Bank of Ireland 1783, I ank of
North America, planned by Robert Morris,
1771, without whose financial help all the
bravery of our grandfathers would not
have achieved American independence.
But now we have banks in all our cities and
towns, thousands and thousands. On their
shoulders aro the interests of private indi
viduals and groat corporations. Iu them
are the great arteries through which run
the currents of the nation’s life. They have
been the resources of the thousands of
financiers in days of business exigency.
They stand for accommodation, for facility,
for individual, Htate and national relief.
At their head and in their management,
there is as much interoi-t and moral worth
as in any class of men—perhaps more. How
nefarious, then, the behavior of those who
bring disrepute upon tnis venerable, benig
nant and God honored institution.
Wo also deplore abuse of trust funds,
because they fly in the face of that
divine goodness which seems determined to
bless this land. We are having the eighth
year of unexampled national harvest. The
wheat gamblers get hold of the wheat, and
the corn gamblers get, hold ot the corn. The
full tide of Gcd’s mercy towards this land is
put back by those great dykes of dishonest
resistance. When God provides enough
food and clothing to feed and apparel this
whole nation like princes the scrabble of
dishonest men to get more than tbeig share,
and get it all hazards, keeps everything
shaking with uncertainty' and everybody
asking: “What next?” Every week makes
new revelations. How many' more bunk
presidents and bank cashiers have
been speculating with other peo
ple’s money, and how many
mora bank directors are in im
becile silence lotting the perfidy go on,
the great and patient God only knows! My
opinion is that we have got uear the bot
tom The wind has been pricked from the
great bubble of American speculation. The
men who thought that the judgment day
was at least 5,000 years off, found it in 1888,
1887, 1886; and this nation has been taught
that men must keep their hands out of other
people’s pockets. Great businesses built on
borrowed capital have been obliterated and
men who had nothing have lost njl they had.
I believe we are started on a higher career
of prosjierity than this land has ever seen,
if, and if, and if.
If the first men, and especially Christian
men, will learn never to speculate upon bor
rowed capita!. If you have a mind to take
your own money and turn it all into kites,
to fly them over every commons in the
United State*, you do society no wrong, ex
cept when you tumble your helpless chil
dred into the poorhouse for tho public to
take care of. But you have no right to
take the money of others and turn it Into
kites. There is one word that has deluded
more people into bankruptcy and Htate
orison and perdition than any other word
In commercial life, and that, is the word
borrow; that one word is responsible for ull
the defalcations, and embozzloments, and
financial consternations of the last twenty
years. When executors conclude to specu
late with the funds of an estate committed
to their charge, they do not purloin, they
say they only borrow; when a banker makes
an overdraught upon his institution, he
does not commit a theft, he only borrows.
When the officer of a company, by flaming
advertisement in some religious papers,
and gilt certificates of stock gets a multi
tude of country people to put their small
earnings into an enterprise for carrying ou
some undeveloped nothing, he does not
fraudulently take their money, he only
borrows. When a young man with easy
access t > his employer’s money drawer, or
the confidential clerk by close propinquity
to the account books, takes a few dollars
for a Wall street excursion, he expects to
put it back; ho will put it all back; he will
put it all back very soon. He only borrows.
What is needed is ome man of gigantic
limb to take his place at trie curbstone in
front of Trinity church, and when that
word borrow comes bounding along, kick it
clean through to Wall street ferry boat,
aud if, striking on that, it bounds clear
over till it strikes Brooklyn heights or
Brooklyn hill, it will be well for the City
of Churches.
Why, when you are going to do wrong,
pronounce so long a word as borrow, a
word of six letters, when you can get a
shorter word more descriptive of the reality,
a word of only five letters, tho word steal!
There are times when we all borrow and
borrow legitimately, and borrow with the
divine blessing, for Christ in his Sermon *m
the Mount enjoins “from hitn that would
borrow of time turn not thou away.” A
young man rightly borrows money to get
his education. Purchasing a house and not
able to pay all down in cash, the purchaser
rightly borrows it on mortgage. Crises
Come in business when it would ie wrong
for a man not to borrow. But I
roll this warning through all
these aisles, over the backs
of all those pews, never borrow to speculate;
not a dollar, not a cent, not a farthing.
Young men, young men, I warn you by
your worldly prospects arid the value of
your immortal souls, do not do it. There
are breakers distinguished tor tboir ship
wrecks—the Hanways, the Needles, the
Casket*, the Douvers, the Anderlos, the
Skerries—and many a craft has gons to
pieces on those rocks; but I have to tell you
that all the Hanwavs, and the Needles, ad
the Caskets, and the Skerries are as nothing
compared with the long line of breakers
which bound the ocean of commercial life
north, south, east and west with tho while
foam of their despair and the dirge of their
damnation; The breakers of borrow.
If I had only a worldly weapon to use on
this subject I would give you tlie fact fresh
from the highest authority, that ninety per
rent, of those whs go into speculation in
Wall street Jose all; but I have n bettor
warning than a worldly warning. From
tbe place where men have perished—body,
mind, and soul—stand off ! stand off! Ab
stract pulpit discussion must step aside on
this question. Faith and repentance are
alieolutely necessary, but faith and repent
ance are no more doctrine* of tbe Bible
! than commercial integrity. Render to all
their dues. Owe no man anything. And
while I mean to preach faith and repent
ance, more and more to preach them, I do
not mean to spend any time in chasing
the Ilittites and Jebusites and Oir
gashites of Bible times, when there
are so many evils right around
us destroying men and women for time and
for eternity. The greatest evangelistic
preacher the world over saw, a man who
died for ids evangelism—peerless Paul —
w rote to the Romans, “Provide things hon
est iti tho sight of all men;” wrote to the
Corinthians, “Do that which is honest;’’
wrote to the Philippiaus, “Whatsoever
things are honest;” wrote to the Hebrews,
“Willing ill all things to live honestly.”
The Bible says that faith without w orks is
dead, which being liberuilv translated,
means that if your business life does not
correspond with your profession, your re
ligion is a humbug.
Here is something that ■ needs to be
sounded into the ears of all the young men
of America, aud iterated and reiterated, if
this country is ever to be delivered from
its calamities, and commercial prosperit y is
to be established aud perpetuated, iivo
within your means.
I have the highest commercial authority
for saying that when the memorable
trouble broke out in Wall street four years
ago there were #225,000,000 in suspense
which had already been spent. Spend no
more than you make. And let us adjust all
our business and our homos by the prin
ciples of the Christian religion.
Our religion ought, to moan just ns much
on {Saturday ami Monday as ou the day bo
tween, ami not boa mere periphrasis of
sanctity. Our religion ought to fi ret clean
our hearts, and then it ought to clean our
lives. Religion is not, ns some seem to
think, a sort of church delectation, a kind
of confectionery, a sort of spiritual caramel
or holy gum drop, or sanctified peppermint,
or theological anaesthetic. It is an omnipo
tent principle, all eontrolliig, all conquering.
You may get along with something loss t ban
that, and you may deceive yourself with it;
hut you cannot deceive God, and you
cannot deceive tho world. The keen busi
ness man will put on his spectacles, and he
will look clear t hrough to the back of your
head and see whether your religion is a fic
tion or a fact. And you cannot hide vour
samples of jpgar, or rice, or tea, or coffee if
they aro false; you cannot hide them under
the cloth of a communion table. All your
prayers go for nothing so long as you mis
represent your banking institution, and in
the amount of the resources you put down
more specie, and more fractional currency
and more clearing-house certificates, and
more legal tender notes, and more loans,
and more discounts than there really are,
and when you give an account of your lia
bilities you do not mention all the unpaid
dividends, and the United States bank notes
outstanding, and the individual deposits,
and tho obligations to other banks and
hankers. An authority more scrutinizing
than that of any bank examiner will go
through and through and through your
business.
1 stand this morning before many who
have trust funds. It is a compliment to
you that you have been so intrusted; but I
charge you, iu the presence of God and the
world, be careful, be as careful of the prop
erty of others as you are careful of your own.
Above nil, keep your own private account
at the bank separate from your account as
trustee of au estate, or trustee
of an institution. That is the point at
which thousands of people make shipwreck.
They get the property of others mixed up
with their own property, they put it into
investment, and away it, all goes, and they
cannot return that w hich they borrowed.
Then comes the explosion, and the monov
market is shaken, and the press denounces,
and the church thunders explosion. You
have no right to use the property of others,
except for their advantage, nor without
consent, unless they are minors. If with
their consent you invest their proper
ty as well as you can, and it is
all lost, you are not to blame;
you did the best you could,
but do not come into the delusion which has
ruined so many men, of thinking because a
thing is in their possession, therefore it is
theirs. You have a solemn trust that God
has given you. In this vast assemblage
there may be some who have misappro
priated trus* funds. Put them back, or, if
you have so hopelessly involved thorn that
you cannot put them back, confess the
whole thing to those whom you have
wronged, and you will sleep better nights,
and you will have the better chance tor
your soul. What a sad thing it would be,
if after you are dead your administrator
should find out from the account books, or
from tho lack of vouchers, t hnt you not
only were a bankrupt in estate, but that
you lost your soul. If all the trust funds
that have been misappropriated should sud
denly fly to their owners, and all the
property that has been purloined should
suddenly go back to its owners, it would
crush into ruin every city in America.
A missionary in one of tho islands of the
Pacific preached on dishonesty, nnd thenext
morning he looked out of bis w indow and
he saw bis yard full of goods of all kinds.
He wondered and asked the cause of all
this. “Well,” said the natives, “our gods
that, wo have been worshipping permit us
to steal, but according to what, you said
yesterday, the God of heaven and earth will
not allow this, so wo bring bark all these
goods, and we ask you to help us in taking
them to the places where they tielong.” It
next Sabbath all the ministers iu America
should preach sermons on the abuse of trust
funds, arid on the evils of purloining, and
the sermons were all blessed of God, nnd
regulations were made that all these things
should be taken to the city halls, it would
not lx: long before every city ball in Amer
ica would be crowded from cellar to cupola.
Let, mo say in the most emphatic manner
to all young men, dishonesty will never
pay. An abbot wanted to buy a piece of
ground and the ow ner would not sell it, but
the owner finally consented to let
it to him until he could raise one
crop, and the abbot sowed acorns,
a crop of two hundred years! And I
ted you, young man, that the dishonesties
which you plant in your heart aud life will
.stem to be very insignificant, but they will
grow up until they will overshadow you
with horrible darkness, overshadow all time
and all eternity. It will not be a crop for
two hundred years, but a crop for everlast
ing ages.
1 have also a word of comfort for all who
suffer from the malfeasance of others, anti
every honest man, woman and child does
suffer from what gor* on in financial scatiqe
dom Society is so bound together that all
the misfortunes which good people suffer in
business matters come from the misdeeds of
Others. Bear up under distress, strong in
God. He will see you through, though y,,ur
misfortune# should lx* centupled. Philoso
phers tell us that a column of air forty-five
miles in height rests on every man’s bead
and shoulders. But that is nothing comS
tiared with the pressure that butdnesx life
ios put, upon nianv of you. God made un
bis mind long ago bow many or how f w
dollars It would b>- best for you to have.
Trust to his appointment. The door will soon
open to let you out and let you up. What
shock Nif delight for men who for thirty
years have been in business anxiety. wh* n
they shall suddenly awake in everlasting
holiday. On the maps of tbe Arctic regions
there are two places whose names are re
markable, given, I suppose, by some polar
expedition—Cajte Farewell and Thank Gk*d
Harbor. At this last tbe Foiaris wintered
in 1871 and the Tigress In 187S Some ships
have passed tho cape, yet never reached the
harbor. But, from what I know of many of
you, I have concluded that though your
voyage of life may be very rough—run into
by icebergs on this side and icebergs on that
—you will in due time reach Cape Farewell
and there bid good-bye to all annoyances,
mid soon after drop anchor In the calm and
import m b. ibt waters of Thank God Harbor.
“There the wicked cease from troubling,
aud the weary are at rest.”
JCSFm CHAMBERLAIN’S GUARD.
Provided by fecretnry Bayard at the
Cost of About $2,000,
F.rastus Wimans friends in the Canadian
Oluh were greatly astonished, says the Now
York Ann, when they discovered, at the
close of the dinner that tho club gave at
Delmonico’s last week to Joseph Chamber
lain, M. P. and British Fisheries Commis
sioner, that a Pinkerton detective had been
watching Mr. Chamberlain all through the
banquet to see that nobody harmed hint. Their
surprise was greater than ever when they
found three other detectives waiting at the
entrance of Delmouico’s to guard tho Eng
lish M. I’, on his way to his carriage. One
of the detectives, with a revolver in his out
side pocket, sat upon t he carriage box when
the 51. P. started for the steamshipUmbria,
and throe others, with more revolvers in
their clothes, followed close in another car
riage and kept up a strict surveillance of the
M. P. until the Umbria was out in mid
str am.
It, was not until t.lio day after the dinner
that the Canadian Club members learned
t hat the detectives wore present at the ban
quet by t-lio special order of the American
•State Department,. All four of the detec
tives w ere engaged by the government a
few days before the steamer that brought
Mr. Chamberlain over in Docembor arrived,
and they were on hand m a cluster when he
landed, and never left hint during his entire
eighteen weeks’ sojourn in America mid
Canada. Their work of guarding him was
divided into twos, so that at, least two of
them could be in personal attendance upon
him w hile t ins other two w ere asleep. Every
where tie went at least two of the detectives
wore within twenty feet of him, and on
certain occasions all tour wero present as a
body guard.
It was stated the day alter Mr. Chamber
lain started for home that the government,
had engaged this guard and kept it up so
steadily because the American government
could not afford to have Mr. Chamberlain
even run the risk of being Insulted, much
less molested, and it w as said that (Secretary
Bayard had engaged the detectives as a pro
tective measure because lie feared that cer
ium citizens who are outsrxikon in their
anti-English sentiments might engage Mr.
( liainberbiin in personal debate in the street
upon the Irish question.
It is a fact tlint the detectives were or
dered to keep at a distance from Mr. Cham
berlain anylsidy who showed a desire to
approach him in this spii it, or who evinced
a disposition to do anything but doif their
hats in deferential salute to him.
The detectives watched him when he
went to attend the conferences of the F.she
ries Commission with Secretary Bayard,
and followed him everywhere in the .streets
at, a distance of a few feet upon all occa
sions. When he went to dinner in the
hotel they were right on the threshold, and
when ho received friends in the parlor they
walked up and down tbe corridor, keeping
an eye on the visitors. They patrolled the
hotel corridor when he was asleep in his
room, too, and one or more of them invaria
bly slept in an adjoining room to be on hand
instantly if ho called for help. This sur
veillance was maintained with as much
strictness in Canada as in Washington and
New York, for when ho crossed the border
tho detectives were informed that there was
a feeling of intense dislike for Joseph there
also.
It Is said that tho detectives looked upon
their task us a sort, of vacation. Whatever
the personal bias of the citizens on tho fish
ery question might have been in any par
ticular locality, no oue, the detectives din
covered, seemed to consider J. M. Cham
berlain a person sulilcently important to
bother at tout.
On three occasions only in the whole
eighteen weeks of his travels did the detec
tives have any chance to make them
selves known. One night in the first
week of Mr. Chamberlain’s sojourn became
out of Delmonico’s cafe and entered his
carriage. A man followed and thrust bis
head in the carriage door and spoke to the
Mem iter of Parliament, Tho detectives on
the carriage box instantly ordered him to
leave, ami t he stranger looked up in consid
erable astonishment and turned on
Ids heel evorpow. red by the singu
lar courtesy. On another occa
sion when Mr. Chamberloin was walking
on Pennsylvania avenue, and uftor he had
been J stinted out by several Washingtonians
who were promenading, a citizen stepped
up and spoke to him. The two detectives
who were walking behind him instantly
rushed to his side and ordered tho man off.
Finally, when tlic'M I‘. was in Philadelphia
a inn is epped up to his carriage and essayed
to address him, but, was promptly order* I
away by the detective on the Ixtx.
A Now Yorker who hoard of this detec
tive surveillance said yesterday that it
would co-t tho Government bet ween $2,000
nnd $2,500. A Sun reporter ask' and Chief
Detective Robert Pinkerton if this was to
be the cost of his guardianship of the Brit
isher, but Mr. Pinkerton declined to say
anything whatever on the subject, lie
hasn’t yet sent in his bill to Secretary Bay
ard.
It was learned yesterday that it is not an
uncommon thing at all for tin government
to tliu • employ detectives to guard certain
foreign visitors to this country, and the
statement was made to the repoi tor that
our own government off! dais are constantly
under the guard of detectives, both in
Washington and when they are vi-iting
other cities. Whenever President Cleve
land or H.-rrntary Whitney or Secretary
Bayard vnts this city, inspector Pyrnos
always assigns four of his best detectives to
guard the President or Secretary nil the
time tie Is in town, and the inspector per
sonally meets the distinguished visitor at
the railroad dejsit on his arrival and bids
him good tiv on Ins departure. 'I he govern
ment doesn't have to pay lor this incidental
guardianship, however.
Crops q,t Grand Island.
Grand Island, Fla., March 10.—Toma
toes, beans uml cabbage are now Ixdiig
shipped from thi* point, and good returns
are being made. The tomato crop promises
to he a large one. The proprietors of the Lake
Yal i F’ruit and Vegetable Garden have re
fused (W) per acre for some of their toma
toes. !%■ tide of travel is still Southward,
and Grand Island has had its share. The
xaw-niill here is running night and day to
keep up with orders. Our Cbatauoa
closed at Mt. Dora lost week, having made
quite a success.
I rlnclples of tbe Knight*.
Jackbonvillk. Fla., March 11.—A large
audience gathered at the opera house this
evening to liesr Secretary Litchnmn, of the
Knignis of l-abor, explain tbe principles of
tho order. T. J. McGuire, of the General
Executive Board, Henator A. H. Mann and
otha. s made addressee, Tbe talks were all
very interesting and were listened to very
attentively.
J PRICE $lO A YEAR. I
1 5 CENTS A COPY.f
WOMEN OF GIDDYGOTHAM
BLONDES FAR LESS NUMEROUS
THAN BRUNETTES.
Ellen Terry’s Room With a Trio Of
Youngsters in the Park—Mrs. Henry
Ward Beecher’s Position In Brooklyn
Since Her Husband's Death-India
Shawls Coming In Again—Diamonds
In a Bonnet.
New York, March 10.—In the couvseof
fifteen minutes walk on Broadway the other
day 1 counted 200 women, young nnd old,
with hair ranging from a medium brown
to t.lio darker shades wtiich nil but artist*
call black. . Only thirteen women were
pn* ed who were of the pronouuced blende
Older. Three of those were of the reddish
classes, and the hair of two had apparently
been bleached. At the theater the same
evening, of fifty women within ensy range,
six had fair skiits, blue eyes nnd light hair.
They sat surrounded by a bevy of dark
women, who gavo its prevailing tone to the
complexion of tiie hou-e. Interest in the
results observed Id me next morning to a
public school. One class of eighty girls
had eight blondes to soxenty-two average
browns and brunettes. Anothoi of sixty-five
girls had sixteen fair-haired pupils* to fifty
live standard brown-beads aud darker. In
n third class the proportions were seven
light to fifty muddy and dark. The state
ment may be hazarded that not above# or
10 per cent, of New York women are
blondes. In the big dry goods) stare* one is
waited ou by sales girls with brown Ixmgs
and brown, black, hazel or gray eyes.
There is a clerk in one establishment who
is celebrated among half the shopping
population for her wonderful, babyish gold
linir, the type commanding by its rarity in
stant, attention. Miss Clarice Livingston is
the only decided blonde among tho society
debutantes of the winter, and her yellow
hair and blue gray eyes nave been enough
of themselves to distinguish her among tho
brunette fair. Go anywhere whore pretty
girls congregate and you meet tall, striking
looking figures u ith dark hair aud big, dark
eye*. Is tho bloude type disappearing, and
it so, why I
Among men the proportion of blonde*
seems to be a trine larger than among
women. In both sexes, however, in spite of
the strong infusion of Teutonic blood, the
dark complexion dominates. If you don't
believe it, make some observations when
you go into a public place and see.
THREE t.ITTI.E CHILDREN
were sitting swinging their short legs on a
park bench. It was in the upper enu of the
park where pedestrians are not numerous.
They were lit tle tot* and dirty hots at rest
for five minutes after a forenoon's rough
play. They wore short plush cloaks, shabby
genteel cloaks, much worn and much tum
bled. One of the cloaks was red, that be
longed to the boy; two of them were blue]
those belonged to the girls. They were eat
ing a bread and butter lunch, and with
every bite their heels swung faster. A tall
lithe figure in a somewhat Tmtlered hat and
a rougish newmr.rket came walking rapid. y
by. A gray squirrel runningover the grass
chatter’d almost at the red-cloaked boy’s
ear: “Hi.” he said, and bis bread and
butter tumbled down in front of the new
market. whose wearer’s attention was called
to the youngster on the bench. “Too bad,
wasn’t it? Have an orange?” and a big
round one came out of a handbag and waa
divided into threo pieces before the young
ones got through staring. “I say now
you’re some fun, protested 4-year-old red
cloak, with the orange juice drippling from
button to button, and wiping two small
hands on the much-enduring garment.
“IS pose we play horse?” and he held up
tempt ingly some braided lines with three
I ells attached. “All ngh‘ suppose we do,”
responded the newmarket, t.nd three urchins
were speedily harnessed ami driven down
the walk at a rollicking paoe, meeting face
to face and almost running plump in to a
couple of immaculately dressed men, gloved,
caned, buttonholed, bouqueted, who came
sauntering round a bend. “Hello! look out
there —why, Miss Terry! Of all things be
lievable! Well, you’ve got a spanking
te'im.” Thelhree horses might have had
three drivers if they had wanted, after that,
but they were quite content with one and
justly indignant, at lining bereft of their whip
when that whip was KUen Terry.
IT WAS AT THE URGENT SOLICICITATIOS
of friends that Mrs. Henry Ward Beecher
left Brooklyn ibis week V r rest and change
in tbo South. The winter ha* been a dif
ficult one lu many wuys for Mrs. Beecher.
She was not seriously affected by the
groundless reports circulated of the failure
of her mind and insane demands upon the
Trustees of Plymouth Che*oh. These she
had meiittil vigor enough to dismiss with a
luugh, but the preparation of the biography
ol Sir. Beecher has been a heart-breaking
task, Involving as it did the calling back
aud arranging of many recollections of
many years, the putting upon paper of de
tails of bonus life known to no one else, and
never formulated jierlmpa even in her own
mind before. Mis. Beecher's poslton in
Br oklyu sinco her bunba.id’s death has been
a peculiar and to a large extent a very
pleasant one. Plymouth Church has rallied
about her with something of the same per
sonal devotion it gave to Mr. Beecher. Tier
rooms have been tbe rendezvous of Ply*
mouth |ieople, her presence in the church
parlors the signal for n group to form aliout
tier. Bhe has felt herself as fully identified
wit h tbo church as before it was pastorless.
Her lace cap above her white hair lias been
seen at every gathering in which the friends
of a lifetime were interested. Mho has gone
on with her life very bravely since its great
interest dropped, and, except for a throat
trouble on account of w. ich, she will avoid
the spring winds, has maintained very ex*
cellent health through it all.
INDIA SHAWLS ARE COMING
in again. They are not worn on the street
to any great extent, hilt make their appear
ance as carriage wra| s or robes. One of the
most noteworthy of these shawls in the
country is owned by Lilli Behrnnnn, who has
not yet grown used to her new name of
Mine. Kjiilsoh, lately assumed under circum
stances which shame the cynics wno pro
claim that romance has vanished out of the
world. Mme. Ka I inch’s shawl was given
her years ago at the very outset of a career
as a singer by an itive Indian Rajah, pen
sioned off.by the British who naddisiacsnssed
him, and consoling himself by a somewhat
melancholy Kurojiea . tour. His Hi jahsh; p
heard Frl. Lehmann in Berlin, was bo
witcho i by her voice and sent her the shawl
as a token of approval. It is a heavy arti
cle, too hi a' y for ordinary wear, with
threads of real gol i and silver woven Into
it. like all true Indian shawl* it ha# a
composiie history, being made up of hun
dreds of pieces, each woven by a senarate
workman, who took months or years to
bung tn it single scrap to perfection. The
rich, dull Oriental colors harmonize de
lightfully, and it is none the less valuable
for having served an apprenticeship, in
all probability, as the way of India shawls
is, as a sash or a girdle twisted about the
loins of a half-barbaiic Easterner, its like
could hardly he matched in the market for
$6,000.
CONSIDERABLE INTEREST WAS MANIFESTED
the other night in a theater box, in which
appeal ed a bonnet. It, was a pretty lionnet
of cream plu-h with loops of cream m ire
ribbon aud with a brim of white ostrich