Newspaper Page Text
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HALF MILLION CHILDREN
DR. HAYGOOD ON GEORGIA’S EDU
CATIONAL NEEDS.
The Members of the Georgia L egisla
ture Hear a Lecture on Common
Schools and Are Told What They
Ought to Do to Improve Them
Some Interesting Educational Facts
and Figures.
Atlanta, Ga., Nov. 18.—Dr. Atticus G.
Hay good addressed the members of the
Georgia legislature to-night in Trinity
church on the common schools of Georgia.
The following is hi* address:
There is that scattereth and yet in crea.se th;
an 1 there is that withholdetb more than is meet
and it ten leth to poverty. Prov. xi.. 24 And
they were ti e more tierce, saying: He stirreth
up the people teaching. Luke xxiii., .*i.
I thank Dr. I/ee, th<* pastor of Trinity church,
for inviting mo to make a plea t >-nig it in Ik*.
half of half a million children in Georgia, who
need and deserve better opportunities for 3 *
mentary education than they can get without
more help from the state* that gave them bin h.
1 am glad the cause of these children is on his
heart. Would God a thousand preachers in
Georgia felt as he. It cannot hurt a Christian
pa;n*t to plead for the poor. It is in harmony
with the kingdom of him who is making anew
earth that in his own time he may bring men to
the new euven.
Whether we will have public schools in
Georgia is not now a question in debate. Before j
the revolution that m 1861 broke out into war, j
lh*re was some discussion among übconcerning j
public schools and some need of more. The# I is- i
enssion was relevant to the facts of that time,
for w<-had no public schools. There vas t.ien
little concern among U* about f! e education of
the masses and nearly half the people w ei by
law, made necessary by the conditions of li e at
tha* time, debarred all opportunity tor instruc
tion m books. After the revolution public
scho *ls were inevitable. Their necessity was
ma V manifest: the new facts were
insisrant, and the need was exigent. We had
tried to stand our educational pyramid on its
apex and it fell. The policy of public schools,
supported or aided by t he srate for elementary
education, was asserted in the constitution that
was evolved out of the reconstruction period.
When, in 18?0. the people of Georgia met in
convention to reconsider and recast their con
stitution, they said: "We will have public
schools for our children,” and. in the organic
law. commanded the legislature to provide
them.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
P me excellent people say they do not ap
prove of public schools, and pome lielieve that
the state has, in the nature of things, no func
tion in this business. The objection comes too
late. In a republic what the people affirm to be
a fu ictionof government is a function of gov
ernment. The will of the majority governs. If
th * minority does not agree with the majority,
and cannot change its opinion, there remains
one of three things: submission, emigration or
revolution. Therefore, 1 sav, unless objectors
propose to change the organic law of the state,
their objection comes ten) lat.
The organic law concerning public schools
cannot he changed. Little as our concern for
the education of the people is, we care enough
to vote down and out any candidate or party
p; -posing to do away with public schools. The
public scho 1 for elementary education is not
re uliar to Georgia; it is the American system;
it is in th“ organic law of every state in the
union
It .> the system of almost the civilized world.
F- Japan has introduced the public school
e a; s her teachers better than Georgia pays
b*-r-
If w* could at this time overturn our public
set • system, would it be a good thing to do?
l or ne. I should favor doing away with public
seb- us if either one of two things could he
made plain to me. First, that leaving the
ma .v's in ignorance is in itself a good thing, or,
second, that some better lever than state-sup
ported pub ic schools has been formed for lilt
ing the masses out of the mire of ignorance.
Not many believe in the blessing of ignorance
except with limitations: still fewer, except in
select circles, have the hardihood to advocate
their belief.
No man in his senses lielieves that ignorance
is good lor him; no man not too ignorant to
think or too mean to care believes ignorance to
bo good for his children. Not a few seem to
think thr.t ignorance is very good for certain
others they call the “masses,” and this they
think.‘ not that they care for the poor, I’but 1 ’but
became they would keep them poor. If we dig
through their words down to their real thought,
k is simple es it is selfish it is b<*st for me
that certain people abide i:i ignorance; lean
manage them more easily and hire them mere
cheaply. This narrow meanness is veiled by a
fair ahow of word-. I have ueard such men
philosophizing. They will tell their families
thy are ashamed to say such things to the poor
them Ives “goiu r t • school tends to make the
poor discontented with their lot in life.”
Tiiank God, it does; for no greater curse
can tail upon the poor than th * sort of content
ment that is little better than the stagnation of
mental and moral death. But this miserable
pre'ene cares not. for the trouble that such dis
content brings to the joor. but for the incon
venience it may bring to those whose lot iu life
ie different. There is no honesty in this thin
philosophy concerning the blessings of igno
rance. it.is sham and bypocriey from top to
bottom. The proof of insincerity is i>erfect
Its advocates never practice their doctrine as to
themselves and their own children. Not a few
sneer at all efforts to “elevnte the masses," as
\> th a chimerical arid dangerous e.\-
p riment of certain ill-balanced people,
whose arguments and works are. as they sup
pose, finally disponed of by calling them* hu
manitarians,” “visionaries,” “enthusiasts,”
‘fanatics,” “cranks.** It is the sort of senti
ment that English lordlings feel when they de
nounce glorious Gladstone and persecute brave
f*aruell because they plead for Irish peasants
that the chief end or existence for a poor tenant
farmer is not to pay rent to absentee landlords.
Certain it is that no man counting himself
among the “inasta*” sueers at efforts to lift
them up.
THE SNEERS COME FROM CERTAIN PEOPLE,
more prosperous than good. who. feeling them
selves to be lifted up, whether by the accident
of fortune or blood, fear that their privileges
will be lessened when thoso below’ them l>egin
to move it is easy to understand both the con
tempt and the fmr of those who contemplate
with unrest the betterment of the condition of
i be poor and the lowly. Such feelings among
the classes” are not peculiar to our
times. So in old Rome, patricians felt toward
their plebeian neighbors. We could not exject
better thing* from that colossal paganism, but
such sentiments are out of harmony with Chris
tian civilization. Where Christ reigns,
sentiments die. In ancient Jerusalem the
Scribes, the Pharisees, and the Herod tans looked
with contempt and wrath, dashed with fear.
Upon the efforts of the mao of Nazareth to in
struct the ignorant and help the helpless <f his
time. To them—“preserving their game" an l
nursing their respectabilities -he was an agita
tor and innovator.
When Roman Pilate declared from the judg
ment seat, “1 tlnd no fault in this man,” and
the chief priests could bring no other charge
against the divine friend o* the poor, “They
were the more fierce, saying, ‘He stirreth up
the people, teaching throughout all Jewry, be
ginning from Galilee to this place.* ” But these
Jpaopie”—these “masses'* -are the majority of
Fh© human race and the best part of it: their
Cause is the cause of God. who is very jealous
of their rights, evr listening as a fattier to
their bitter cry, and they will yet lx* "lifted
up" by him who “draws all men unto himself.”
But is there any other way of educating the
feoople than by state supported public schools?
float of the people are ooor, with them
the burdens of simply living are heavy.
They an* not able to educate even in
the rudiments their children But the whole
people are easily able, without serious burdens,
po educate the children of all the people. If in
such a work the well-to-do bear more of the
burden than the poor.this is os it ought to be. it
ui the instinct of human justice that it should
\*eso;it is the law of God. Sound political
economy, the philosophy of republican govern
ment and the Christian religion make it the duty
As well as the f*olicv of the state to provide for
the education of all its children.
This work cannot be left solely, to “heal op
tion.” Most of ourcities, a few of our counties,
nave under I*x ul option, taxed themselves t
provide good schools for their children. The
splendid results show what blowings would conn*
to the whole people if sctiools as good were in
every county and village in the state. If there
be difference, it is that the poorest need most of
all the schools they cannot provide: for the
worst result of ignorance is, perhaps, that the
Untaught know not the blessings of education.
And do not care for them. If it le lott to com
munities whether th*y will provide themselves
jpod schools, education will be put in jeopardy,
/rhe poorest communities most need help; the
most illiterate care least Tor bett-r s hooK
Under local option those counties that m ist
nc*d good schools cm least, provide for them,
mud would most certainly vote against them.
It is not a question simply ns to what
people wish, it is a <pic>tion most
grave and radical, whether the richer and more
enlightened communltes can afford that their
poorer partners in government should ever re*
fimin unlit to do their part with credit. The
.evils that grow out of illiteracy cost government
ten times us much as it would take to educate
the whole p* iple. Consider Georgia in the re
gions w her 1 there is greatest need, think of our
fellow citizens among the mountains and in the
wire gras-., and in the newer counties near our
iu these section* are some of tlu noblest
and most cultured of our people, who have
done their utmost for their poor and ignorant
neighbors, and have failed. The state o
Georgia needs good schools in the Blue Ridge
counties and the wire grass as much as in
the richer sections and the prosperous c li**s
For these people are our brethren and they are
our partners in tue difficult business of govern -
U The whole people should see to it that the
whole property of the people provide good
schuols for the children of th*- whole people.
NOT THE CHURCHES* WORK.
Those Are dreamers who talk of educating
the people bv the churches. This is idle talk.
Thechurcne.s can n;.t do it. ido not say “the
church." hut “the churches'*—mere are many.
T'jiir tiivei si ties, not to say diversions, make :
unity of effort impossible. So tar from being ,
able to provide schools for all the people, so far
the churcnei in G- .rgia have not been sole to ,
take proper cure of their or four colleges, t
They hftv begga-ed and slam them rather. 1
have said “not able’* to take care of their col
It is intolerable to think that they could ,
and would not. But why ask such questions
about the churches io relation to the common j
schools* Whether able or unable T > do this,
w -rk, iy knows that the churches never
have done it—have never tried to do it. and are
not now so much thinking of trying to do it.
And yet witn half a million children in Georgia i
.jn„ro t .an half of them out of school, and |
part out grow in,' the period of school instruc
tion—inary good church people, with not a pur
pose or thought of doing anything themselves,
revile the public schools, not because the state
have starve 1 them, bat because it so much as
set them going at til. If in theory these were
unanswerable arguments aga nst B?ate-sup
ported public schools, these arguments are
ove-turned by invincible facts.
\\*e have the public schools, an 1 they have
come to stay. The question is whether we will
make the best or them or the worst of them.
The people, in their organic law. have declared
that the state, which belongs to the people,
must provide tor the elementary edu a ion of
the children of the people.
After what manner is the state carrying out
the organic law* Let us seek the cold facts,
wit ho it reference to any iocide it or collat r;il
matters. What are the facts? I will not weary
you with statistics. A few statements tak*n
from official records will be enough to make
men and women think, whoever think, to make
ashamed all who care for the honor of their
Hiate, to make anxious aii who have
hope of its future, to stir the hearts and
consciences of ad who love their fellow men.
The department of education l’or Georgia lias
this y.*ar taken a now school census the first
since lo'S. Between the ages of “Ii and 18"—-
the school age in Georgia—there are
500.181 children and young people.
Whites. 292,627; negroes, 267,7.74. (The negro
is not. it seems, “dying out.** lie is not solving
t tie problem that way. There wto only 231,144
colored children of school age in Georgia m
1830). What is the sum trial of public money
from all sources provided for the primary educa
tion of this army of children? We will take the
figures for 1887 —the returns for 1888 not lining
all in hand. The entire sum raised by the state
and by cities and counties under local laws for
1887 was $795,987 26 Of this sum cities and
counties under local laws raised $ -02,477 74.
But most of Georgia's children are outside
those cities and counties that, under “local op
tien,' 1 so nobly supplemented the meager state
fund. (>f the whole number, 560,281, 400,270 do
not Jive in such ciiies and counties. It is worse
than this, for 406,738 of Georgia's children, of
school age, live outside of all incorporated cities,
towns and villages. As we are accustomed to
phrase it. they are country children. If |an At
lanta audience would know' what the state
school fund can do for half a million children,
whose only dependence for help L* the slate
fund, let us imagine the condition of things in
this city if the fund Atlanta raises for her splen
did school system wore all taken away and your
children had only what the country children
have.
Add to the sum disbursed directly by the com
missioner, minus the cost of county superin
tendence, which in 1887 was $25,552 17, the poll
tax retained iu the counties (it was $181,187 93 in
1857.1 ami we have a total of $488,749 49. This is
to be divided among the 500,281 children, if all
were at school it would yield 87 cents for each
chit i, for the school year of about three months.
Let us see how it works. Take a particular
county a county lietter off than the average
my own comity of DeKalb. In this county, for
1888, arj 0.) schools receiving public school
money. The total school fund for DeKalb (esti
mating as the county superintendent does the
poll tax as SIOO more than last year) is $4,834 34.
The t otal number of children of school age in
the county is 5,150. The amount actually paid
for each scholar is $2 00. That
is, if each child received $2 0).
if was because only about one-third of the chil
dren were at school at all. Our backwardness
in public education is illustrated by the method
we employ to raise our 87 cents for each child
as well as b> the meagre sum itself. It is agatli
ering of odds and ends. The only certain item
of consequence is the yearly half-rental of the
Western and Atlantic railroad that our fathers
built. There is a small item, tolerably certain,
but less than $2,000, dividends on a little Geor
gia rallroid stock owned by the state. Then
we have the tax on “shows,''small and uncer
tain, and not quite $4,000, The liquor tax, a
variable qunnt ity, comes in to the extent of
$65.392 20. (It might be discussed by some de
bating society, whether a contribution as small
as this* is an off set against the consequen
tial damages incident to the business
itself ) The hire of convicts—another variable
item—is nearly $20,000. The inspect! nof fer
tilizers yields nearly SIOO,OOO, but this also is a
variable quantity. Toe poll tax. also variable,
is about $185,000. If our law should remain as
it is, tne commissioners' best hope for an
increased fund must b > in the increased us* of
imported fertilizers; more shows, more whisky
drinking, and more convicts. Truly, it is a dis
tressing case; we sadly need more money for
our schools, but most of the sources of supply
are themselves evils ho far-reaching that we
might almost choose the immeasurable evils of
ignorance.
BI.OOD AND Mt’SCI.E NEEDED.
Now, let us look at the schools that our beg
garly school fund seeps going for about two
and a half or throe months in the year, for less
than half the children. What sort of schools
are they? Exaggeration is hardly possible.
Most of the n are as po >r amt miserable as
America can show. If t here are any inferior to
them, Ido not know where they are. In seek
mg to be perfectly just in describing them, per
hapi it is best to say they are Is*, ter than nothing.
It would be risky to go further. There is no
trouble with our Georgia school system. It is
patterned after the, best in America. Its anat
omy is all right - the bones are sound and in
f>lace. What it wants is muscle to cover its
tones, and blood to round out its muscle.
It is the simplest tiling in the world. A poor
teacher makes a poor school; poor pay secures
a poor teacher, and will to tho end of time.
Some men would rather own a scrub cow than
a Jersey of "Tenella s line"; but even those
men, despising thoroughbreds in the name of
“conservatism,” know that they can’t get a
Jersey for the price of a scrub, vet demand a
good teacher for the pay of a hod carrier, and
if the teacher bas the misfortune to boa
woman, wants her labor for less. * Cheap doc
tors,” “cheap teachers," “cheap judges."
“cheap governors”—to stsv nothing of “cheap
preachers.” These words tell of poor economy.
Nothing known to me better illustrates Solo
mon’s meaning in one phrase of our text,
"There is that withholdeth more than is moot
and it tenilctli to poverty.” and nothing is
further from illustrating Ihc other saying
"There is that scattereth and yet increascth”
than our use of the school fund of (Jeorgin
Nothing is so wasteful as the parsimony that
does not spend enough to accomplish its pur
pose; by so much as it falls short, it is as w atew
jk)' ired forth.
We spend just enough money in primary edu
cation in public schools to do the least possible
good and the greatest possible harm, .lust
enough to cripple little private schools, but not
enough to make good public schools. This is u
fair statement or the ease in (ieorgia to-day in
the rural districts, where most of our people
are; it is not much better in the
small towns and villages. As if a
builder and equipper of railroads should
grade a roadbed, lay his track, put some ears
upon it and yet not spend enough to get a loco
motive, A tramway a Middle Georgia dirt
road (and there are no worse in civilization)
with a yoke of oxen and a two wheeled cart is
a Is-ller thing than a railroad without an engine.
But railroaders are men of s*nse; when they
build roads they put enough money in them to
make them go. We put just eumigti money in
our public sc.tools to give the people a low idea
of education. Solomon’s words fits us: “There
is that withholdeth more than is meet, and it
tendeth to poverty.”
“What ot the need of better education, and
more diffused education in Georgia ?
Wi.at are the facta? We must respect facts
ore Me t, thmk. I rest my ooeeat this point
with one simple statement, backed by the tenth
census: Georgia has more souls. "Kt years old
and upward,” who cannot sign their names
than any state in the union. In the long pro
cession of illiterates we lead the van The
world looss on; it beholds our nakedness, and
we are not ashamed. Listen to wbnt w • would
gladly make a secret fo rvery confusion of face:
In !8?K1 IW.9peroent. of the white jieonle that
is, mere than one in five, "1(1 years old and up
ward”—could not write. 1 know of no reason
for supposing that tills |iercentage is less
in IHHh. In IH7O the white illiterate vole In Geor
gia wa521.8911; in IHBO, 9N.&<l. Ill* negro illit
erate vote in lStUwas 100,S51; in IKBH, 111},51''.
But there are those who are blind
to facts and impenetrable by argument. Some
of them 1 know. Tho man who looks wise and
solemn, os If delivering anew found philosophy,
and makes answer to any plea that can be made
for better schools -“mere Look knowledge is
not enough to make good citizens," and relapses
into self satisfied sileuoe -that man is "lnvinci
THE MORNING NEWS: MONDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1888.
ble by any force the adversary may bring
against him.’’
He thinks bis little commonplace truism is
AS ARGUMENT AGAINST PUBLIC SCHOOLS
As if because “man cannot live by bread
alone,' 1 be had better eat no bread at all. There
are two things about a man of this sort 1 can
not make out -he is generally a man of more
the*! average book learning, and he is generally
inclined to lie pious. Does he really believe that
knowledge is in itself favorable to vice
an i that “ignorance is the mother of devotion"?
What risks he took in knowing so much Do
not argue with a man like this; “he is as one
born out of due time I '—he belongs, of right, to
the thirteenth century. Yet you dare not dis
regard him, for, like other dead things, be is
capable of much mischief.
Another invincible man is he who meets your
plea with ihc statement that there are “edu
cated people iu the penitentiary.*' Tell him, if
you will waste words with him, that his logic
should keep ignorant jieopla out of the peni
tentiary, tie will stare at you in a pitying way
and tell you you do not understand the subject.
There is another the friend of popular education
you need not argue with—the man who believes
that education will raise the price of wages and
enable tenants and employes to keep accounts.
There may bo many more equally invincible by
arguments or facts, but I mention one more
only with him you can do nothing, till lie is
“horn again."
It is ad *il ate matter for a public speaker to
run tip* risk of being jiersonal, hut I am reason
ably safe he is not here to-night: it is against
Ids principles to attend meet mgs in tiie inte-ost
of education. Besides he i3 a buy man. he is
fully employed; indeed he has a “mission,*' and
he devotes himself to it. By the votes of
ignorance he is a member of the legislature.
His consuming desire is to save—or pretend t #
save, which is far better for his purpose—the
people's money for them. He votes against all
appropriations, or votes for the lowest stun,
not because it is enough to accomplish
a needed work, but because it is the lowest sum.
All rules, they say, have exceptions. His ex
ception is to vote tic* highest sum when it con
cerns him or his. With this slight exception he
is consistent. Ho votes against the department
of agriculture, although letter farming iu Geor
gia is the basic condition of general pros
perity. Ho will vote against tne school
<f technology, so splendidly started, so
greatly needed, and so rich in blessing, became
ii* don’t understand the subject and can’t miss
a chance to save the people’s money tor them.
Georgia may be rich iu undiscovered minerals,
and Alabama and Tennessee may be outstrip
ping her, but what is all this to him—saving the
people’s money ? He meets a proposition to ap
point the best geologist for a bookkeeper's
salary with ridicule. lie sneers at
“the fellow who goes around tap
ping rocks," and men nr sense submit to him.
Parasitic insects may rob the barnyard of poul
try. slay the hogs in the field, Wight the grapes
in th * vineyard, rot the potatoes and destroy
fruit trees by the million, costing the
people untold thousands of dollars,
yet when France is redeeming her
vineyards by the researches of science
and the civilized world follows her example,
if some bold man were tomovetheappuni merit
of a state entomologist to investigate causes and
discover remedies, this saviour of tne people’s
money runs to the dictionary to find the mean
ing o! the w'ord, grins tie* grin of ignorance and
conceit, and ridicules wisdom by talking of
wasting the people s money on “bug hunters,”
and tnen of sense submit t him.
Tell this man about the more than half mil
lion of children of school ag * In Georgia, whose
per capita claim should they all attend the
miserable little three months schools, and the
miserable shanties ami hog pens called school
houses could hold them—is 87 per an
num: tell, him how poor and needy the
people are; tell him what evils such
masses of ignorance jxirtends for the future of
frets institutioms—he frowns and grins by turns,
tells ywu that bis “father never wen: t< school
a day in his life, and that he himself picked up
what education he has." He is right for once,
for he picked up what he knows. And men of
Knse submit to such a man as this—than whom
Georgia lias no greater enemy. To this man I
make no appeal, but Id) appeal to better men
than he.
I ap;>eal to the honest constituents he has de
ceived with his pretentious zeal for economy
that wastes what it spends.
How many and great evils grow out of our
ignorance and starving schools God only knows.
But an oba rving and reflecting man may know
enough to make language impotent for full ex
pression.
Some things lying on the surface, I
mention without discussion now. We are los
mg, for one thing, our best teachers. Meager pjy
drives them into other business or into other
states. Texas has better schools than Georgia;
and so lias Florida, *Tnd because they pay bet
ter salaries. Their training schools are not bet
ter than ours, or so good, but they draw teach
ers from Georgia. There is another
evil deep and far reac dug; our best
country people are moving to towns
when it is possiole. They have despaire lof the
half-taught three months* schools in the conn
. try, and th*y move to town with the hope of
bettering the opportunities of their cliildr *u for
education. The results are evil. Town life in
creases expenses; absenteeism reduces the pro
ductive value of the farms; they fall into debt,
the farms are consumed. Unless they all turn
traders, they drift into idleness. If they go into
trade, most of them fail.
THE EQUILIBRIUM OE POPULATION
is destroyed; there are more people in town
than town business can support, while the coun
try is drained of its energy and intelligence. In
all this movement there is at work a sort of
natural selection that tends to leave in the coun
try. by and by, only the most helpless and inca
pable. Ten years of thorough-going six months’
schools, for the half million children of Georgia
who live in the country, would develop our
farming interests more than improved imple
ments, intensive fanning -than all the Farmers'
Alliance can do in a hundred years, if the alli
ance should, in its plans for bettering the con
dition of the farmers, leave out the education
of farmers’ children.
Economists speak and write of the necessity
of diversified industry, if we are to have gen
eral or permnuent prosperity. They are right,
but diversified industries are impracticable
among illiterate people. Diversified industries,
as characteristic of the state, will never come
to Georgia while half a million of chil
dren, with few exceptions, depend
for education upon our wretched little
three months' Kchools, starved by stinginess
horn of ignorance. Twenty years of good com
mon schools will build more factories in Georgia
than all the syndicates. Presently, if Georgia
does not educate her people, the syndicates
must stop investments, for ignorant aud poor
people cannot furnish patronage enough to
just ity large extension in manufacturing.
How can one who loves his state and fellow
men bo silent when h * hears the cry of these
half million children—most of them country
children -who least offall can afford to grow up
in ignorance—this pitiful wailing cry for learn
ing—not any high and costly learning, hut the
rudiments—the learning that will set them
free from the helplessness of ignorance?
How can the pulpit—in the example and
teaching of Jesus bound to concern itself in
whatever vitally concerns the welfare of the
human race —how can the pulpit be silent when
it hears this cry? But 'loos it hear? Ala*.l
there are some pulpits that see not, neither do
they hear. How can the press—the press that
both reflects am! molds public opinion, if il had
no other motive than self interest, seeking to
extend circulation how can the press he silent ?
From our tiflhle govemorldown to the hum
blest soldier who followed him with Lee’s he
roes,down to the humblest negro who trusts him
for justice ami mercy, let every Georgian
heed with pitying heart the cry of our half
million children for knowledge and command
the stale to give her hungry ones breud instead
of stones.
11l this discussion and appeal I have said
not hing of the two races that make up the popu
lation of Georgia, as to their special needs and
perils. Nor will I. Tne plea I make Is for the
whole people. In the constitution as in the
Gospel, iu (he statute law as in the righteous
ness of God, the claim and the right of these
two peoples are equal. Georgia, exercising the
common sense that respects facts, has separate
schools for tile two races. Tilts, ns I have taught
north and south for many years, is best, and it
is necessary for hot Ii races. But Georgia must
make adequate provision for all her children.
Only so can Georgia do justice by them; only
so can Georgia prosper with them The right
education of the people the real and perina
nent betterment of our public schools, tliis is the
question of questions before the general assem
bly—tho most vital of interests its wisdom can
promote, its inattention can destroy.
President Cleveland’s Fortune.
Clara Brlle'n fatter to Philadephia Pram.
Grover Cleveland is worth about s2f>o,ooo.
That is the estimate of a well-advised per
sonal friend. He had something like
>IOO,OOO when he became President. He
hail practiced law profitably for many
years, had held the lucrative office of sheriff
in Buffalo, had lived well within his income
while governor, and had invested his sav
ings cumulatively. During bis four years
at Washington these investments will have
increased to about $150,000. He retains
about half his presidential salary of $.50,000
a year, and so will have a good quarter of a
million on March 4 next. One who pro
fesses to know it all prodicts that Cleveland
and Lamont will boa law firm in thiß city,
but others, who know the President very
well mdeed, lielievu that he will not return
to the practice of the law or to any other
active pursuits. His only business, they
think, will he to derivo by careful invest
ments a living income from his capital.
BICONTINENTAL DAMSELS
SOME PRETTY AMERICAN MAIDS
WITH QUAINT FOREIGN WAYS.
The International Girl Who Comee
Home in the Fall—She ia German
Fraulein, French Demoiselle, English
Miss and Younsr America Rolled in
One—She and Her Chaperone Create
the Etiquette of the Times—A New
Type of New York Girl.
New York, Nov. 17.—The oddest: immi
gration of the year is still briskly under
way. For two months it has gono busily
forward and the immigrants begin to be a
feature of the town. They ara girl con
signments entirely, tall girls, short girls,
plump girls, slim girls, pretty girls almost
all; curiously, piquantlv interesting girls
everyone. You stuiv the non the prome
nade, gsae at them driving in the park and
admire them at matinees. They are Ameri
can damsels and yet more quaintly foreign
than many an alien who never before yes
terday sot foot upon these shores. They talk
English, but not w.th the latest, revised,
winter season 1888-Vj New York vocabulary.
Haif of them have an odd little French or
German accent, which makes one stare
with amazement as complicated by the un
ini'taka le New Amsterdam vowels and
tones. They are neither fish nor fle-h, and
hasty would ho be who should call them
fowl. There is no classification in which
one can assign them to genus or species.
They are a product of the time, peculiar,
puzzling, charming. They are the domes
tico-toroign debutantes, .just ashore and just
ready to make their initial society bows.
The international girls in November have
not vet assimilat’d t arms dves to home con
ditions; they are a little bewildered and de
cidedly bewildering. They a e the French
convent grafted on the sin ring school, Daisy
Millers caught young and sub luod, little
republicans just through with the discipline
of monarchical etiquette, brilliant little
yankee* sent four or five ye n's ag >to be
polished and set by the old world jeweler '.
It is a pretty setting, but an odd one that
they receive. Th -y are used to as rigid
chaperoning as a young French girl, they
are as demure as a German fraulein, as
quiet and reserved of speech as an Eng.isn
miss, as European as the whole easter i con
tinent can make them, and yet the skittish
American colt wears the harness a trifle uu
easily. They never shy, but there is a rest
ive native audacity looking out of their
foreign-schooled eye . Exported at 14, re
claimed at 18 or 'M. tho graft of the other
continent on this makes a curious social
study.
The bicontinental girl dresses in most re-
spects well. That is to say she drosses with
a young grace not often bestowed by the
native dressmaker. $ eis not wearing the
tailor made gown, no, nor walking with
the tailor-made gait. Her three Mb e street
suit of smooth-faced green cioth, with full
crossed surplice waist; soft, loose sash and
straight, undraped skirt ith band of em
broidery about the hem. is fitly crowne i by
the rounded face o: enthusiastic expectancy
lo king forward into the joys of the season
to come. Ther ■is a wid ■ hat with a sweep
ing ostrich plume on her head, green
with a hint of black like her gown. Her
gloves are green, dark green dogskin very
probably, with loose wrists and held in
place by tho latest of all toilet capers, a
rose bracelet, with twining vine spray in
green gold clasped about the arm and a tiny
watch peeping from the heart of the flower.
Sometimes she tarries a Pompadour cane,
wit i curved head in eliony or ivory picked
out with silver, and tail enough to tench
the feathers blowing with her hair. The
hair is n t banged. The domestic '-foreign
girl brushes it off her forehead and rolls it
straight back in a little soft puff high on
the top of her head. Bhe is the first of
womankind to wea" a clinging gown con
sistently and gracefully. She has a bunch
of brilliant mountain ash berries or glow
ing chrysanthemums tied with ribbons to
her cane or clasped in her band. The law
of youth which sao has been taught abroad
is io be youthful, but when the leading
strings are cut she is tempted to jump into
a little youthful extravagance.
Hite does not care for dogs. She never
leads a pug or a poodle She appeared on
the street for half an hour a few days since
with a wee bit of a monkey done up in a
sealskin blanket perched on her shoulder,
but as a rule she takes her walks without
brute attendance.
She is not at all athletic. It doesn’t go
with her training. The European-Ameri
can girl has taken no lessons in boxing or
fencing, and she doesn’t plav tennis with
tho inq.etu sity of the homebred maiden.
She doesn’t swim, though she has bathed a
little from the seclusion of a bathing ma
chine. She is too dainty, too fastidious,
has too keen a sense of the proprieties for
anything very severe. If she has an out
door hobby, it is probably horseback riding.
Not infrequently'she is fond of a good horse
and rides him well.
She doesn’t aim to look muscular and she
doesn’t make a point cf being active. It
wouldn’t add to hor make-up. She doesn't .
walk with a swing or a spring or a swag
ger. She doesn’t try to show the graceful
play of her > mews. She ignores the fact
that she has any sinews at all. She wears
high-heeled Freuch boots of the old regime
and tilts along iu them with a pretty little
half-affected motion which has bean absent
from the streets so long that it is tho most
absolute novelty of the fall It isn’t busi
nesslike and it has been the fashion for the
veriest butterfly to flutter as if its mind re
verted momentarily to the chances of a rise
or a drop in wheat She never heard of
physical culture and it wouldn’t interest her
if she had.
She is having a good influence in one di
rection, in that she has no sentimental
weakness for handsome actors. She would
open her pretty eyes with amazement and
horror at tho thought of lingering on Broad
way to catch a glimpse of Herbert Kelsey or
laying out her pocket money for photo
graphs of Kvrle Bellew. As for rending
her picturo to M untell, or writing a note to
Dixey, for once the caste distinctions she
has imbibed serve iu excellent stead for
common sense.
Though not infatuated with actors, the
imported girl is a normal specimen in her
devotion to candy. She has bad a long fast
in tiie comparative scarcity of sweets
abroad and can hardly be induced to stir
now without her silver or jeweled bonbon
niere securely tucked away in her jacket
pocket or fastened, as is tho latest wmm, to
the floating ends of her sash to give weight
and dignity to those airy appendages. Niio
favors candied violets at present and one of
the shortest roads to her favor is to keep
her well supplied.
Hho dots not claim to be intellectual and
makes no attempt to look wise. To do her
justice, sheliasno notion of reviving the old
fashion of looking silly, but Browning has
no charms for her, and if a blue stocking
were to start a conversation on Herbert
Spencer she would make a pretty grimace,
divert thotalk, if possible, to ribl> >u-, escape
if not to the other side of the door. Sh< has
always some knowledge, not infrequently a
critical knowledge, of music, but she is too
frankly absorbed in life’s pleasures to turn
aside for students’ dreams.
She is most interesting on a waxed floor.
When the dancing begins one’s eyes are
opened to the extent to which she has nf
fected the etiquette of the times. She
dances charmingly, but there is no oppor
tunity for a word in her ear when the strain
is at an end. Straight back to her ebaper
ono must she be led. there must she sit h-'r
down, and any light or bantering sentence
must bo delivered full in tho face of that
stately guardian. When her slippers are
not in tho very act of twinkling she is under
her chaperone's wing. Flirt, coquet with
you ever so little! Her eyes are bright
with a spark of mischief, but she won’t
wander off into the moonlightod conserva
tory before Easter or the last bull before
Lent at tho least. She is too recently im
ported a specimen for that sort of thing at
society’s first gatherings. “May If”
“Would you think it advisable!’’ “isn't it
all delightful r Such is her present atti
tude toward the veriest dragon of a cbap
e;one.
And the rides in the park and the spins on
the road and the delightful evenings at the
theater which used to be the privilege of the
young niau ad his best girl? All gone. Not
one of them permitied without the attendant
chaperone. If it is a case of theater, it’s
a case of attending the play first hv your
self and considering it carefully tp make
sure that it contains nothing to shock the
bud or offend the chaperone. Then it is a
case of inviting both, sending flowers to
both and devoting yourself to the elder for
her graciousuess in allowing the younger to
appear. If you've a pair of high steppers
that show clean heels, not even by daylight
in the bright morning sunshine must you
venture to invite mademoiselle out alone.
Hardiy will she speak to you when the for
mularies ot the code have been fulfilled: she
carries in her hand possibly one of tho
flowers you sent her,dimples when addressed,
but listens for the most part to your talk
with the presiding genius of t.ie occasion.
And if you meet her, meet her by acci
dent, on Broadway of a morning? Cer
tainly you may stop, may walk with her a
few paces, may' step with her inside the
florist’s door but you mustn’t be too effus
ive. You mustn’t begin to chat, or her
Lightened color and uneasy look will tell
you she’s afraid they don’t quite do so in
Paris.
She is a charming, half foreign little
damsel, with odd, unfamiliar ways, sitting
quietly by mamma, saying little, but with
glances roving just the same. She can
look back to toe days before she was ex
ported, and though she has caught the con
tinental manner so readily she knows that
a girl :s of a great deal of c insequence here
afier all. The manner fits on her almost
uneasily already. She chafes in the har
ness. and a piquant, whimsical creature
with old world ways masking anew world
independence she will he before spring.
The domestico-foreign girl remains differ
ent from the native product to the last, but
there's no masking her essential American
ism—ihank fortune —very long. The re
straint of education struggling with the
flow of spirits of Young America gives her
a peculiar spicy fl ivor which seems to suit
society’s relish in these days.
Eliza Putnam Heaton.
A HUMOROUS HOLD UP.
A California Robber Plunders Two
Stages at the Same Time.
Santa Barbara, Cat.., Nov. 6.—The
two stages running between here and Los
Oliver were both robbed yesterday by a
lone highwayman, who introduced some
novel features into his “hold up” of the
passenger*. fhe highwayman, who was
masked, first stopped a farmer and his son
who were taking a load of wheat to Santa
Barbara. He got a few dollars from them,
and made them put on masks and sit on
their load by the road ide. In a short time
up came the Los Oliver stage, with six
passengers on board. The highwayman
covered tho driver with a Winchester and
ordered the passengers to step out, which
they did promptly. They, as well as the
driver, wore forced to put on masks, when
he calmly went through them, taking all
valuables and money and breaking open
exnresi boxes and cutting the mail pouches.
Then the driver was made to take a posi
tion by the roadside, behind a bend, so that
the stage from Santa Barbara couldn’t see
his vehicle, and tho robbed pas engrrs had
to climb upon the top of the stage anl roost
there in their masks. Pretty soon tho other
stage hove in sight, when the fellow went
through exactly tho same programme with
the passeng ts, masking them and standing
them in a row. From one lady pas-enger
he secured $45, ad the total a mount he
gained by bis afternoon's work was over
SIOO. The mails end express contained
lew valuable lottery so he mado a light
haul.
It was one of the coolest and most origi
nal stage robberies ever perpetrated on the
coast. This double robbery, as well as oth
ers near Los Angeles, lead to the suspicion
that the famous “Black Bart” has again
taken to his old profession.
Not Posted on ’Possum’s.
From the New York Timet.
Nyack, N. Y., Nov. 11. —Mr. Augustus
Latham, a highly-respected young man of
this place, met with a singular and painful
adventure to-day. Ho left home srt an eariy
hour this morning to call on a friend who
lives some distance away, an i to shorten
the distance he took a path which led
through the woods He was accompanied
on his trip by his dog, which has a strong
taste for hunting. While Mr. Latham was
engaged in deep thought and wuistliiig a
hymn his dog gave a sudoen and startling
yelp and started off at a rapid rate, as
if chasing something. Mr. Latham being
curious to know what had attracted the
attention of his dog, followed quickly
and soon discovered that the ani
mal had driven an opossum into a hole.
Thinking Jt wou J not be just right to pass
on without securing the tempting game, Mt.
Latham concluded to capture the opos urn.
He made an examination of the surrouud
ings and saw that the wild animal was not
very far in the hole, so, rolling up one of
his sleeves, he thrust his hand into the hole
and caught hold of the opossum’s tail, pull
ing him nearly cut. The opossum did not
relish this treatment very much, and turn
ing partly arouud he planted his teeth deep
into the young man’s hand. Mr. Latham
gave a cry of pain, anl had to fight the
animal fiercely before he succeeded in kill
ing him. 'When the struggle was over Mr.
Latham had both hands badly lacerated,
but he bore the opossum home as a hard -
earned trophy.
He Remembered the Men In the Cab.
From the f.ewiston Journal.
Once upon a time Ma .agar Cram of the
New Brunswick railroad as entertaining a
party of friends in hi* private car. The
cook prepared an uuusually excellent din
ner, and when the party had eaten their fill
the considerate manager de erminnd that
the train hands should have a taste of the
feast. So all the brakenten were called in,
and did ample justice to the meal. Only
the fireman and engineer remained, and Mr.
Cram resolved that they should not be over
looked. He was once an engineer himself.
Going into the cab, ho ran the locomotive
for forty-eight miles, tending the throttle
and firing, while tho two men enjoyed the
feast in his private car.
MEDICAL.
What is Catarrh
Catarrh is an inflammation of the mucous
membranes, and may affect the head, throat,
stomach, bowels or bladder. But catarrh of
tho head is the most common, often coming
on so gradually that it has a firm hold
before the nature of the trouble is suspected.
Catarrh is caused by a cold, or succession of
colds, combined with
Impure Blood
Its local symptoms are a sense of fullness
and heat in the forehead, dryness in the
nose and bo k part of the throat, and n dis
agreeable discharge from the nose. When
the disease bocomes chronic it is liable to
develop into consumption. Tho eyes be
come inflamed and red, there is throbbing
in tho temples, ringing noises in tho ears,
headache, and sometimes loss of seuso of
smell aud hearing.
Hood’s Sarsaparilla
Is the true remedy for catarrh. It attacks
the source of the disease by purifying and
enriching the blood, which as it reaches the
delicate pas sages of the mucous membrane,
soothes and rebuilds the tissues, and ulti
mately cures the affection. At tho same
time Hood’s Sarsaparilla builds up the
whole system and makes one feel as if mado
anew.
Hood’s Sarsaparilla
Sold hv all druggists, $1: six for $5. Prepared
only by C. 1. HOOD A CO., Apothecaries,
Lowell, Mass.
100 Doses One Dollar
FUNERAL invitations.
PUTEN’HOFF.R.—The friends and acquaint
ance ef Mr. ar,d Mrs. a. Putenhofer and family
are respectfully invited to attend the funeral of
Mrs. Dutevhoker from Sr, John's church, at
?:3P o'clock THIS AFTERNOON.
meetings.
DeKALB LODGE SO. 9, I. Vl'o^P.
A regular meeting will be held THIS (Monday)
EVENING at 8 o’clock, sun time.
Members of other Lodges and visiting brothers
•are cordially Invited to attend.
By order of R. Jf. HICKS, N. G.
John Kh.lv Secretary.
FOURTH DISTRICT INDEPENDENT DEM
OCRATIC CU B.
A meeting of this Club will be held at the cor
ner of Habersham and Bay streets at 8 o'clock
sharp THIS EVENING. Every member is ex
pected to be present, as business of importance
will come before the meeting for its considera
tion. By order of
M. M. SULLIVAN, President.
SPECIAL NOTICES.
ddvertitements inserted under "Special
notices” I BiU be charged SIOO a Square eac A
ineertion.
PHOF. CORTBBB ANDHIIs FINE <|! Alt -
TETTE
Will play the following programme at KOL
SHORN & BRO.’S to-night:
1. Semiraraide Overture Rossini
2. Evening Star Wagner
3. Caliph of Bagdad Overture Boildieu
4. Nearer My God to Thee Harp Solo
5. Nebuchadnezzar Overture Verdi
6. Trovalore Selections .Verdi
7. Quartette, Itigdletto Verdi
Concert also every night this week.
BANJO INSTRUCTION
Given by a competent teacher, a pupil of Dob
son. For terms, etc., inquire at Ludden & Bates
Southern Music House.
TO THE PUBLIC^
Contrary to the expectations of many the
business of my father will not be sold out, but.
with the aid of increased capital and anew
store, will be extended and perpetuated. His
acknowledged reputation for keeping the finest
IMPORTED LIQUORS and for honest dealings
will be sustained. During the erection of the
new store the business has been temporarily
transferred to corner of York and East Broad
streets, where a full stock of GROCERIES will
be sold cheap. Telephone 54
JAMES I\ LAVIN,
Executor Estate Michael Lavin.
FOR ORDINARY.
To my Friends and Fellow Citizen's of Chat
ham County:
a
I respectfully announce myself as a candidate
for re-election to the office of ORDINARY of
Chatham County at the election to be held on
the 2nd day of JANUARY next, and kindly
solicit your votes and influence.
HAMPTON L. FERRILL.
FOR CORONER.
I respectfully announce to my friends and
%
fellow citizens that I am a candidate for the
office of CORONER, and respectfully solicit
your support and votes.
JOSEPH GOETTE.
FOR ORDINARY.
I respectfully announce to my friends and the
voters of Chatham county that I will be a can
didate for ORDINARY at the election to be held
on JANUARY' 2d, and will be grateful for your
votes and support. P. J. O'CONNOR.
DON'T BE DECEIVED.
♦
Ask for ULMER'S LIVER CORRECTOR, a
safe and reliable medicine, and take no other.
1 have introduced Dr. B F. ULMER’S LIVER
CORRECTOR in my practice, and find that it
gives general satisfaction. The best evidence
of tho estimation in which it is held is the fact
that persons trying it once invariably return
for another bottle, recommending it at the
same time to their friends.
U. A. PENNY, M. D., Cedar Key, Fla.
1 have found ULMER'S LIVER CORRECTOR
to act like a charm in torpid liver, etc.
D. O. C. HEERY, M. D., Atlanta. Oa.
NOTICE.
City of Savannah, I
Mayor’s Office, Nov. 15, IRBS. f
In order that the channel may be kept as
clear as possible opposite Quarantine Station,
no more than five vessels must be allowed there
at onetime, viz.: three at the piers and two
anchored just below the piets. if more tban
that number arrive and arc subject to quaran
tine detention,, tho Pilot must anchor them in
Tybee Roads, where they must remain until the
Quarantine Officer permits them to come to the
piers. RUFUS E. LESTER. Mayor.
NOTICE.
City of Savannah, 1
Mayor’s Office, Nov. 8, 1888. (
By the concurrence of the Board of Sanitary
Commissioners, it Is ordered:
1. Thar Oranges, Lemons, Cotton, and all
other kinds of Freight may be brought to Sa
vannah from any uninfected point in Florida,
provided they be brought in cars which have
not been in any actually infected place during
the past, summer and this fall.
2 That persons who have not been in any in
fected place shall not be subject to detention.
Isa an. | RUFUS E. LESTER, Mayor.
Attest: Frank E Rsbaskr, Clerk of Council.
RENTING OF STALLS.
City of Savannah, I
Office City Marshal, Nov. 14th, 1888, (
The Stalls in the City T.larket Building will be
rented on WEDNESDAY, December sth, I*BB,
between the hours old a m and 11 a m. Par
ties desiring to retain their Stalls will please be
on hand prepared to pay between the above
named hours. ROBERT J. M ADE,
City Marshal.
NOTICE.
City Marshal's Office, I
Savannah, Ga., Oct. 11. 1888. f
F' XECUTIONS for Privy Vault cleaning have
i bee:i placed in my hands by the City Trees
urer. All persons in arrears will please call at
my office and settle witbu/n delay.
ROBT. J. WADE,
City Marshal.
NOTICE.
Boari> of Sanitary Commisrionkrs, I
Savannah, Oa., Oct. 20th, 1888. j
Resolved, That tbe resolution of Sept. ITtn
be modified so as to allow persons woo have
been in any actually infected place to come to
Savannah without baggage, provided they have
been this side of the line established by that
order for fifteen days, and not in any infected
place during that tune This fact to be estab
lisbe i by satisfactory evidence.
Resolved, That oranges and lemons tnav be
brought to Savannah from any uninfected
point in Florida, provided they bo brought in
cars which have not been in any infected place
during the past summer and this fall.
Mayor’s Office, I
OcTotiiii 20th, 1888. (
It Is so ordered.
Ihkal.) RUFUS E LESTER, Mayor.
Attest: Frank E. Rkuahkr,
Clerk of Council.
UK DOINGS.
Wedding invitations and cards printed or en
graved at the shortest notice and in
styles. We carry an extensive and well selected
stock of fine papers, envelopes and cards es
pecially for such orders. Samples sent on ap
plication. Mormno Nawa Printing House,
Savannah, Ga. — —
SPECIAL NOTICES.
GtSOD LOTh TO BIjLD IPOIC “
For Investment or for Cheap Homes.
I have instructions to realize at once nrv.
two lots on Gwinnett street, near West BroVa
and also upon seven lots north of the abov'
upon anew street called Maple street ThZ
latter are 40x100 and 40x90, upon both side* hr
Maple street. Those on tbe north side run
to Oak street, and thus have a front on tw*
streets. Houses built upon any o; these 1,7.,
are sure to command tenants, and for hom,
the locality will be found healthy and con .7
ntent to business.
The terms are made easy to ensure sales
wit: SIOO cash, and the balance in one two ana’
three years, with Interest at 7 per cent ni.
annum. All lots unsold Dec. 6th will t e offers i
at the court house at public outcry.
C. H. DORSETT,
Real Estate Dealer.
PAINTS, GILS, YARNISHE3~ "
Brushes, and a full line of Painters’ Material
such as Leads, Colors, Stains, Dryers, and
Whiting, Paris White, Princess Metallic, and
all sizes of Glass on hand and cut to order.
Call and get my prices and oblige,
Yours respectfully,
EDWARD J. KIEFFER.
IF YOU WANT
If you want a DAY BOOK MADE.
If you want a JOURNAL MADE
If you want a CASH BOOK MADE
If you waat a LEDGER MADE, ’
If you want a RECORD MADE
If you want a CHECK BOOK M ADE.
If you want LETTER HEADS, '
If you want NOTE HEADS,
If you want BILL HEADS,
If you want BUSINESS CARDS,
—SEND YOUR ORDERS TO
Morning News Steam Printing Home,
Morning News Building,
3 Whitaker Street.
AMUSEMENTS.
SAVANNAH THEATER.
TWO NIGHTS ONLY,
Monday and Tuesday, No?. 19th and 201!l
THE GREATEST SPECTACULAR
EVENT OF THE SEASON!
W. ,T. FLEMING’S
AroeMtMor!fliaßol)a?s
PRODUCED ON A MAGNIFICENT SCALE.
A CARLOAD OF NEW SCENERY:
GORGEOUS COSTUMES AND HANDSOME
LADIES IN AMAZONIAN MARCHES.
THE BEST ATTRACTION ON THE ROAD!
SECURE YOUR SEATS EARLY.
AUSUSTfi’S
W uteri Ipitiii
OPEN EVERY DAY UNTIL DEC, IA
Programme for Next *Week,
MONDAY.
f~ 4 OTTON MANUFACTURERS’ DAY.-l
V o'clock, meeting of Cotton Manufacturers
in Music Hall. 1:30, examination of textile ex
hibits. 2:30, outdoor sports, commencing with
Nellie Burke's Great Chariot Horse Races anl
Prof. Davidson’s Tight Rope Walking. At 3 p.
m. Balloon Asceosion by the great Lula Bates,
who will jump from a balloon at an altitude of
2,0 K) feet. Cappa's Concert at 3:30 p. m. At ':W
Gian.l Pvrotecunic Display of Fireworks by the
famous Paine & Sons, of ‘London, ns rendered
at Coney Island. After the fireworks, C’appa
will pive a tfiand and t**llinK concert.
TUESDAY.
GENERAL PASSENGER AGENTS'DAY, and
special care will be taken to make this day full
of interest. All the passenger agents of the
country have been invit and, as reported by the
railroad officials, and that there will he at least
35u present here on that day. The attractions
of the day will l-e Chariot, Loose Horses ami
Dog Races, and two Concerts by Cappa's Band.
WEDNESDAY.
The fourth Great Leap from on altitude of
2.000 feet will be made By the aid of a para
chute. Chariot Races, Dog Races, and Horse
Races will be the features of flie outdoor attrac
tions. in addition to tho two Concerts, afternoon
and night, by Cappa.
THURSDAY.
THURSDAY. 22J, begins Race Day, when the
prizes ot SIO,OOO put up by the Exposition Com- i
pany will be competed for, and 2.*>o of the finest
horses in the country, from North, East, South
an l West, will be on our track, which is the
handsomest and bast in the South.
Great preparations are being made for GEOR
GIA DAY, 20th November, and CAROLINA
DAY, 20th. Both of those days will attract
many thousands of distinguished people as well
as citizens from all parts of both States.
KAINIT*
Anti-loipoly lit
I ti
If you wish to pay high
prices forever for Kaihit, then
buy from* the “Sole A gents of
the Great Kainit Trust," but
if you want to beat this mo
nopoly, then buy lrom ui
We are “Independent Deal
ers,” and propose to remain
so.
BALDWIN FERTILIZER Ct,
SAVANNAH, GA. _
BRK a.
Challiani Machine Brick Work
EDWARD LOVELL'S SOS
Proprietors,
155 Broughton Street,
Are Prepared to F.xeciito Order* for Bup*re
Quality Brick. Also Fire Brick and Fire CIM^
BROKERS.
F. C. WYLLY.
STOCK, BOSH 1 REAL ESTATE BROW
120 BRYAN STREET.
BUYS and sells on commission all cl*M*
securities. Spcoiul attention gnen
chase Slid sale ol real estate. —e
A. L. HARTRIDGB
SECURITY BROKER.
BUYS AND SF.lt.s on commission all rUF*
of Stocks and Bonds. ... -,
Negotiate* loans on marketable sornin. rre,
Now York quotations furnished DJ 4*
Sicker every fifteen minutes.
coniu.u roil*
MARTIN (JOOLEY.
Contractor and Bu' 1
SAVANNAH. 0
IYROPObAIJi promptly subnc
Paving. Grading, Bridge
Building, Pile Driving, etc.,