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, THE morning NEWS, 1
' VHTABLISHKD 1850. Incorporated 1888. -
, j. H. ESTILL, President. i
fill II COUNTRY
1 Day of Thanksgiving
and Patriotism.
GOTHAM CHOCK ABLOGK
Church Services Open the
Celebration.
SUB - TREASURY SPEECHES.
Depew’s Eloquence Fires the
Enthusiasm.
TRAMP OF THE TROOPS,
The Parade the Finest Spectacle of
the Kind Ever Seen in the Metropolis
- A Tremendous Crush All Along
the Line of March—Cleveland More
Loudly Cheered Than Harrison—
Eloquence at the Banquet.
New York, April 30.—The town woke
up more sleepily this morning than it did
yesterday, and with good reason. There
was no real necessity for it to get up so
early, and besides its inhabitants, perma
nent as well as temporary, were tired, the
latter even more so than the former, still the
earliest streaks of dawn found many people
in the streets, and these indeed were fortu
nate, for in all the range of meteorological
chance, a more perfect morning could scarce
have beon found. It was too cold, perhaps,
for those who shiver in a light wind, but it
was a morning to delight the heart of the
soldier who had a long tramp before him.
The air was ex hi Iterating in the extreme,and
the wind was sharp enough to soon put a
tinge of bloom on the cheeks of those who
faced it.
DRIFTING TOWARD THE BATTERY.
Many not already there in these early
hours wended their way toward the lower
end of the city, more resplendent than over
in the early morning light, with the wind
stretching every flag and streamer taut,
and snapping their folds as though in jubi
lation. One of the things which attracted
the people to the Battery on this second
day was the sound of martial music pro
ceeding from a band which preceded Riker
Post, (i. A. R., to the Battery, where a flag
was rained with appropriate ceremonies.
This, however, was not the only attraction,
for as {he sun rose the soul-inspiring strains
of “Old Hundred” were borne on the breeze
to many listening ears, the chimes of old
Trinity, run by Albert Meislahn, Jr., fur
nishing the music. The following pro
gramme was gone through with on the
chime-; “Old Hundred,” “Hail Columbia,”
Aankee Doodle,” “Centennial March,’’
“Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean,”
''America,” “The .Starry Flag,” “Our Flag
is There,” “Auld Lang Syne,” “My Coun
try’a Flag of Stars. ”
HURRYING throngs.
As the morning wore along tlie crowds
m the streets became even greater than
they were yesterday, and at this time the
hurry was even greater, for one and all
saw the necessity of reaching points of
vantage from which to view the parade at
the earliest possible moment. Ttien th >
sound of bells calling the people to th inks-
Riving services in the various churches,
awakened the people to the true solemnity
♦ h l occas ' on . Services were held in nil
the churches of the city of every detionui
tioa, the votive mass being offered up in
the ( atholic churchos, at w.iich special
prayers wore held. Asa matter of course,
Principal services were at St. Paul’s
uurch on Broadway, where Washington
attended tho morning of his inauguration,
ami similar services were held in tho
tiurch of the Annunciation, Church
ct the Ascension, Ht. Georgo’s church,
™°i the Holy Apostles, St Thomas’
church St. James’ church and Church of
tc tb Tr ‘ mt - V ’ a ‘l of Episuupal
AT ST. PAUL’S.
jA I ?*• Paul’s the exercises were con
lin b , y . Rt Kv - Henry c. Potter, D. D ,
■ " H, bishop of New York, as the aerv
on tho day of Washington’s iuaugura
>n were conducted by the bishop of New
• t*'” Rt. Rev. Samuel Provoost.
■ “clock tho eomuiitteo on states m
, . ‘'osident Harrison from the Fifth
enue hotel, accompanied by the chief
i ni 00 members of tho cabinet, and
iV" "t ,m escort of police proceeded tj Y'ieo
wident Morton’s residence. The Vice
evident entered President Harrison’s car
v, “It a'l'f the procession moved down to
. , ,lui *• At the Vo-ey street gate the
, t , v was ‘net, by a committee of the vestry
unity church, and the President was
,u 'ted to the Washington pew. Tho
hce was Ailed with the wealthiest and
’prominent people in the country.
AT THE SUB-TKKASURY.
* tl, e ceremonies of the church were
I. Ul , ’ the presidential party, escorted
,•'ommittee, were driven down to the
building, at the corner of
, a "d Nnssau streets, whore the literary
Um tllßu y began. The crowd at.
i,,„ , 1,1 treasury defied computation, and
boors which greeleil the Pi osident upon
lir |Pr<*ttra n eo on th platform, under the
/ statue of Washington, fuirly shook
!ul ‘iidalion, of tho building itself.
ISTART or TIIK PARADE,
tri. v? m ? muat tho exercises at tho sub
inh/ , ® ttM the military parade started
>ri„, W Y from Pine street on its
*i ““"h, with Gen. Schofield
ll) ® P sra de was in throe
tioAu“* i u . u flr 1 ~oll* '*ting of regular
P, cadots and a naval corps. The
The Morning News.
West Pointers, 400 strong, led the column.
The second division consisted of state
militia, and they marched in the order in
which their respective states were ad
mitted to the union, with the governor of
each state at the head of its troops.
The crowds that lined the streets and
filled the windows and housetops were un
precedented, even for New York. Tho
march was simply an ovation along the en
tire route, both for the troops and the
President. At Union square a stand was
reserved exclusively for women and chil
dren, free of charge. It held 3,500 person <.
It is estimated that 100,000 persons were
able to see the parade from stands specially
built for that purpose. The Thanksgiving
services at St. Paul’s chapel were carried
out strictly according to programme.
GATHERING OF THE CROWD.
Prior to their being begun a great crowd
began to assemble on the east side of Broad
way, extending as early as 8 o’clock, from
below Fulton street to the post oflico. The
windows and ro its of the buildings oil Park
Row and Broadway were throngad with
people. With the exception of those people
who had tickets or passes of some kind,
Vesey street, from Broadway to Church
slreet, was kept clear. At exactly 8:50
o’clock the President arrived at the Vesey
street gate to the chapel. The crowd in the
vicinity of St. Paul’s seetnod to be im
pressed with the religious order
of the exorcises within the edifice,
for Pf was the most orderly
crowd of any that has assembled thus far
in the calebration. In the carriage with
the President was Vice President Morton
and Mr. Hamilton. As the President
stepped from his carriage, followed by the
Vice President and Mr. Hamilton, tho com
mittee of the Trinity vestry stepped from
the gateway and escorted the party t > the
west entrance, where the rector of Trinity,
Rev. Dr. Di.v, was waiting to escort tho
President to the old Washington pew.
ARRIVAL OF THE LADIKB.
In another carriage were Mrs. Harrison,
Mrs, Morton and Clarence Bowen. A few
minutes later a carriage containing Gov.
Hill, Mayor Grant and Gen. Schofield
rolled through the police lines and drew up
in tront of the Vesey street gate. Troop A
of the national guard (mounted) rodeanead
of tho governor’s carriage and took
a position just below' the church
in Vesey street. Twenty mounted police
men, commanded by Sergt. William A.
Ravell, were ranged along Vesey street at
Broadway. Postmaster General IVana
maker and Col. Eliott F. Shepard hurried
through the crowd on foot, and at 9:13
o’clock an open carriage containing ex-Pres
ident Cleveland, ex-Prasident Haves, Lieut.
Gov. Jones and Senator William M. Evarts
drew up at tho gate.
CLEVELAND NEARLY FELL
Mr. Celvelanu was the first to alight , and
in doing so missed his footing and almost
fell. He smiled as if nothing bad happened,
however, and hurried into tho church, fol
lowed by the others of his party. During
the service the new British minister to the
United States occupied a seat in the
pew allotted to the diplomatic
corps. The Spanish minister sat near
him. Ex-President Cleveland sat in
a front pew on the right of the middle aisle.
William M. Evart3 occupied a seat in the
same pew. The President nud Vice [’resi
dent, whom eager eyes sought in one of the
front pesvs, occupied a pew midway up on
tho side aisle, under the south gallery. Gov.
Hill sat in a corresponding po.-ition on the
north side. Most of the cabinet officers
were allotted seats at the head of the center
aisle. Ex-President Haves sat beside Mr.
Cleveland.
THE EXIT.
At the close of the services the doors
leading out on the west porch were thrown
open, and the distinguished congregation,
which iiad entered tho Broadway entrance,
passed out this way under a canopy which
had been stretched to tho Vesey street
gate. The guests took the carriages assigned
them, acco.ding to the arranged pro
gramme, and moved along short paces at a
time until the entire body were seated in
the carriages. Broadway, down to
Pine street, was kept clear,
though the walks, stoops, win
dows and housetops were thronged.
The procession was headed by a company
of mounted police. Mayor Grant sat in tho
first carriage. President Harrison and
Vice President Morton, with Mr. Gerry and
Clarence Bo wen, were in the next carriage
and were loudly cheered.
CHEERS FOR CLEVELAND.
As the carriage containing ex- President
Cleveland and ex-Presideut Hayes passed,
the cheering was particularly marked.
Chauneey M. Depew, who came in a later
carriage, was kept busy raising i.is hat, and
Gen. Sherman also came iu for no small
share of the hurrahs. The procession turned
into Pino street and proceeded to the Pine
street entrance of the sub-treasury building.
The treasury side of the walk was kept clear
for nearly a block, and the carriages being
drawn uo by tho curb the entire distance, a
largo part of the occupants were enabled to
alight at once. They proceeded through
the corridor of the sub-treasury building
and out to the stand. The religious exer
cises were as follows:
I. Processional Hyrao.
11. Onr Father, etc.
11l Psalm Ixxxv t.
IV. first l-esson—Eocles. xliv.
V. Te Damn.
VI. Second Lesson—St. John, viii.
VII. Benedicte.
VIII. Creed and Prayers.
IX. Address by Kt. liov. Henry C. Potter,
Bishop of Now York.
X. Processional Hymn.
ON THIS SUB TLE ASURY 3THSPB,
Slgkt-Seera Fucked Bike Sheep for
Blocks Around.
Nicw York, April 30.—Tho sub-treasury
steps, tho scene of the literary exercises,
were the raecca of thousands from an early
hour. At 9 o’clock it was almost impossible
to pas; through the streets for a quarter of
a mile arouud, while in the immediate
neighborhood of tho sub-treasury
the sight-seers were pack'd like the
traditional sheep. The stand itself was one
mass of bright color, mid prior to the
arrival of the presidential party various
bands stationed in tho neighborhood evolved
stirring strains for the edification of the
watting thousands. On tho stand proper
people fortunate enough to possess the
necessary tickets of admission were packed
almost as solidly as they were iu the street
below.
PENNSYLVANIA'S GOVERNOR.
The governor of d’ennsylvauia was one
of the late arrivals, and as his troop was
statiouod in the block between New street
a.id Broadway, the redoubtable warrior
had considerable difficulty in reaching his
horse. But for the Icind offices of Sergt.
(iroden, of the Eleventh precinct, tne gov
eruor would have found it oxtrenwly diffi
cult to reach his place at the head of his
stair. , , .
There was a great crush around the
sub-troasurv steps before the arrival of
the presidential party. A* soon as
the party reached the platform a
shout of applause rose from the asembled
crowd. Archbishop Corrigan, wearing bis
scarlet robes, was on tho platform when the
party arrived. He was introduced to the
President, Vice Vresident.Gov. Hill. Mayor
(front. Or. Htorrs and others. Hamilton
Kish opened the exercises by introducing
Kldridge T. Usrry as oliairman, who soul:
SAVANNAH, GA„ WEDNESDAY, MAY I, 1889.
Fellow Citizens:
One hundred years on this spot, <}©o r sre
Washington, a* first President of the United
States, took hi* oath of office upon the Holy
Bibi". That sacred volume is here to-da.v,
silently attesting the basis upon which our
nation was constructed and the dependence of
our people upou Almighty Hod. In the words,
then, of one of tlie founders of the govern
ment, “With hearts overflowing with gratitude
to our sovereign benefactor for granting to us
existence, for continuing It to the present
period, and for accumulating on us blessings
spiritual and temporal tnrough life, may wo
with fervor beseech him so to continue them as
best to promote his glory and our welfare,”
THE INVOCATION.
Mr. Gerry then introduced Rev, Richard
F. Storrs who delivered the invociatiou in a
very clear voice.
WIIITTIKH’S POEM.
Clarence W. Bowen, secretary of tho
centennial committee, was next introduced.
Me read John G. Whittier’s poem composed
for the occasion:
The Vow of Washington.
BY -OHN GRBKNLKAF WHITTIER.
[Head in New York April 30,1889, at the Centen
nial Celebration of the Inauguration of George
Washington as the first President of tho
United States.J
The sword was sheathed: in April’s sun
green the fields by Freedom won;
And severed sections, weary of debat es.
Jcinod hands at last and were United otatos.
O city sitting by the Sea!
How proud the day that dawned on thee.
When the new era, long desire-1, began,
And, iu its need, tne hour nail found the man!
One thought the cannon salvos spoke;
The resonant bell-tower's vibrant stroke,
The voiceful streets, the plaudit-echoing halls,
And prayer and hymn borne heavenward from
St. Paul s!
How felt the land iu every part
The strong throb of a nation's heart.
As its great leader gav j, with reverent awe.
His pledge to Union, Liberty and Law:
That pledge the heavens above him heard,
That vow the sleep of centuries stirre 1;
In world wide wonder list ning peoples bent
Their gaze on Freedom's great experiment.
Could it succeed ? Of honor sold
And hopes deceived all history told.
Above the wrecks that strewed the mournful
past,
Was the long dream of ages true at last?
Thank (Fid! the people’s choice was just.
The one man equal to his trust.
Wise beyond lore, and without weakn *ss good.
Calm in tho strength of flawless rectitude!
His rule of justice, order, peace.
Ma le possible the world's release;
Taught prince and sort that power is but a trust,
And rule, alone, which serves the ruled, is just
That Freedom generous is, but strong
Jn hate of fraud arid selfish wrong,
Pretense that turns her holy truths to lies,
Aud lawless license masking in her guise.
Laud of hi - love’ with one glad voice
Let thy great sisterhood rejoice;
A century's sous o'er thee have risen and set,
And, God be praised, we are one nation yet.
And still, we trust, tho years to be
Bhall prove his hope was destiny,
Leaving our flag with all its added stars
Uuroat by faction, and unstained by wars!
IiO! where with patient toil he nursed
And trained tlie new-set plant at first.
The Widening branches of a stately tree
Stretch from the sunrise to the sunset sea.
And in its broad and sheltering shade,
Sitting with none to make afraid,
Were we now silent, through eac.i mighty limb.
The winds of heaven would sing the praise of
him.
Our first and besthis ashes lie
Beneath his own Virginian sky.
Forgive, forget, O true aud just and brave.
The storm that swept above thy sacred "rave ’£
Forever in the awful strife
And dark hours of the nation's li.e,
Through the fierce tumult pierced his warning
word,
Their father's voice his erring children heard!
The change for which he prayed and sought
In that sharp agony was wrought;
No partial interest draws its alien liuo
’Twist North ami South, the cypress and the
pine!
Ono people now, all doubt beyond.
His name shall l>e our Uoio i bond;
We lift our hands to Heaven, and here and now,
Take on our lips the old Centennial vow.
For rule and trust must needs be ours;
Chooser and chosen, both are powers
Kauai in service as in rights; the claim
Or duty rests on each and all the same.
Then let the sovereign millions, where
Our banner floats in sun and air.
From t he warm palm lands to Alaska's cold,
Repeat with us the pledge a century old!
<)nfc Knoll, Danvers, Mass.
At tho conclusion of the reading the as
semblage gave Mr. Whittier tureo cheers
and a tiger.
DEP&W’S SPEECH.
Tho Orator’s Masterly Effort Fires
the Crowd’s Enthusiasm.
New York, April 30.—-Hon. Chauneey
M. Depew the orator of the day, was
next introduced. He received a hearty
greeting, and wheu this had subsided ho
delivered his oration, of which the follow
ing are extracts:
We celebrate to-day the centenary of our na
tionality. One hundred years ago the United
State* began their existence. Tne powers of
government were assumed by the people of toe
republic, aud they became the sole source of
authority. Tne solemn ceremonial of the first
inauguration, the reverent oath of Washington,
tho acclaim of the multitude greeting their
Pres dent, marked the most unique event of
modern times in the development of free insti
tutions. Tlie occasion was not an accident, but
a result. It was the culmination of the working
our by mighty forces through many centuries of
tho problem of s df-government. It whs not
tho triumph of u ay stem, the application of a
theory, or the reduction to practice of the ab
straciioim of philosophy. The time, the coun
try. tho heredity and environment of the people,
tin* folly of its enemies, and tho noble courage
of its friends, gave to Liberty after ages of ue
feat, of trial. <>f experiment, of partial success
and substantial gains, this immortal victory.
Heucel’orth it had a isfuge aud recruiting sta
tion. The oppressed found free homes iu this
favored laud, and invisible armies marched
from it by mail and telegraph, by speech and
song, by precept and example, to regenerate
the world,
Puritans in New England. Dutchrnou in New
York. Catholics iu Maryland, Huguenots in
South Carolina had felt the lirea of persecution
ano were wHided to religious liberty. They
had been purified in th. furnace, and in hign
debate an I on bloody bait I-fielda ha 1 Famed
to sacrifice* all material inlore .r* aud to peril
their lives for human rights. The principles of
constitutional government had been impressed
upon them by hundreds of years of struggle,
and for each principle they could point
to the grave of an ancestor whose
ted the ferocity of the fight
and tho value of tin' concession
wrung from arbitrary power. They knew the
limitations of authority; they could pledge their
lives and fortune* to resist encroach meats upon
their rights, but it require 1 the l*eon of luJian
ma the invasion of tli armies of Franc©
from Canada, the tyranny of th© British crown,
the seven years' war of !he revolution, and th©
five years of chaos of iu confederation to
ievolve the idea, up m which rest the power and
'permanency of the republic, that liberty and
union are one and inseparable.
• # i • •*
The grand central Idea of the declaration of
IndvjHMiUencu was the sovereignty of the peo
p! *. It relied for original power, not ufon
Mates, or colonlea, or their citizens as such, but
recognised as tne authority for nationality the
revolutionary rl Hit* of th© p ople of the United
SLito*. it stated with marvelous ckurnoss the
encroachments upon liberties which threater# 1
their suppression aud justified revolt, but u
was inspired by the very genius of freedom,
and the prophetic possibilities of united com
monwealths covering the continent in one
harmonious republic, when it made the people
of the thirteen colonies ail Americans, ami tin
volved upon them to administer by themselves,
aud for themselves, the prerogatives and powers
wrested from crown and parliament, it con
densed Magna Charter the petition of rights,
the great body of English liberties embodied in
the common law and accumulated iu the de
cisions of the courts, tlu'statutes of the realm,
mid mi undisputed, though unwritten, constitu
tion; but this origiual principle and dynamic
force of the people's power sprang from these
old seeds planted iu the virgin soil of the new
world.
More clearly than any statesman of t he period,
did Thomas Jefferson grasp and divine the
possibilities of popular government, lie caught
an i crystallized the spirit of free institutions.
His philosophical mind was singularly free
from the power of precedents or the chains of
prejudice, lie had au unquestioning and abid
ing faith in the people, which was accented by
but few of his compatriots. (Jpou his famous
axiom, of the equality of all men before the
law. he constructed ms system. It was the trip
hammer essential for the emergency to break
the...links binding the colonies to imperial
authority, and to pulverize the privilege* of
caste. It inspired him to write the Declaration
of Independence, and persuaded him to doubt
the window of tho powers concentrated m
the constitution. In his passionate love of lib
erty he became intensely jealous of authority.
He destroyed the substance of royal preroga
tive, but never emerged from its shadow'. He
would have tire states as the guardians of popu
lar rights and the barriers against centraliza
tion, and he saw in the growing power of the
nation ever-increasing encroachments upon the
rights of the people. For the success of the
pure democracy which must precede Presidents
•aid cabinets and congresses, it was n-rhaps
providential that it* apostle* never believed a
great people could grant and still return, could
give and at will reclaim, could delegate ami yet
firmly hold the authority which ultimately
created the power of tuelr republic and enlarged
the scope of their own liberty.
* * * * * * *
Tho pride of the states and the ambition of
their loaders, sectional jealousies, anil the over
whelming distrust of centralized power, were
all arrayed against the adoption of the consti
tution. North Carolina arid Rtyode Island re
fuse Ito join the unkm until long after Wash
ingt m's inauguration. For months New York
wav debatable ground. Her territory extend
ing from tin* sea to the lakes made her the
keystone of the arch. Hail Arnold s treason in
the revolution not been foiled by the capture
of Yndre, England would have held New York
and subjugated the colonies, and in this crisis,
unless New York assent and, a hostile and power
ful commonwealth dividing the states, made
the union impossible.
Success was due to confidence in Washington
and the genius of \lexauder Hamilton. Jeffer
so i was the inspiration of independence, but
Hamilton was the incarnation or the constitu
tion. In no age nor couutrv has there appeared
a more precocious or amazing intelligence than
Hamilton At 17 # he annihilated the president
of hii college, upon the question of the rights
of the colonies, in a series of anonymous arti
cles which were ore lity.d to the ab.est meu in
the country; at 4“. when he died, his briefs had
become the law of t e land, and his fiscal
system was, and after 100 years remains,
the rule and policy of our govern
ment. He gave life to the corpse of national
credit, and the strength for self-preservation
and aggressive power to the federal union.
Both as an expounder of the principles an 1 nn
administrator of the affairs of government he
stands supreme and unrivaled in American
history. His eloquence was so magnetic, his
language so clear, and his reasoning so irresisti
ble. that he swayed with equal ease popular
assemblies, grave senates, aud learned judges.
He captured the people of the whole country
for the constitution by his papers in the h'edrr
ulist , aud conquered the hostile majority in the
New York convention by the splendor of his
oratory.
Hut i he multitudes whom no argument, could
con vince, who saw in the executive power and
centralized force of the constitution, under
another name, the dreaded usurpation of king
and ministry, were sat is tied only wiih the assur
auc *: “Washington will b* President." “Good. '
cr* and John Lamb, the able leader of the Sons of
Liberty, as he dropped his opposition; “for to
no other mortal would I trust authority ho
enormous." “Washington will be President.'*
was the battle-cry of the constitution. It,
quieted alnrm and-gave confidence to the timid
and courage to the weak. The country re
sponded with enthusiastic unanimity, but ttie
chief, with the greatest reluctance.
In the supreme moment of victory,
when i lie world expected him t
follow the precedents' of the past, and per
petuate the power, a grateful country would
willingly have left in his hands, he had resigned
and retired to Mount Yermrn to enjoy in private
station ills well-earned rest. The convention
created by his exertions to prevent, as he said,
“the decline of our federal dignity into insig
nificant sod wretched fragments of empire,"
has called him to preside over its deliberations
Its work made possible the realization of liis
hope that, we might survive as un independ
ent republic," and again ho sought the seclu
sion or his home. But, after the triumph of
Urn war, and the formation of the constitution,
came the third and final crisis: the initial move
ments of government which were to teach the
infant state the steadier .steps of empire.
Washington was never dramatic, but on great
occasions he not ouly rose to the full ideal of
th© event, he became himself th© event. One
hundred years ago to-oay the procession of
foreign ambassadors, of statesmen aud gen
©mis, of civic societies and military companies,
which escorted lnm, marched from Franklin
square to Pearl street, through Pearl to Broad,
and up Broad to this spot, but the people saw
only Washington. As he st*x>d upon the steps
of the old government building here the thougnt
must |m,\e occurred to him that it was a cradle
<f liberty, and a* such giving a bright omen
for tin future, in these halls iu 1785, in the
trial of John Zungor, had be.m estah
lisiiod. for the first tiui® in its history,
the liberty ot the press. Here the New
York assembly, in 1764, mad© the protest
against the -tamp act, and proposed th© gen
eral conference, which was the beginning of
tin* united colonial action. In this old state
house in 1765 the stamp act of congress, the
first and the father of American
ass ‘inble i and presented to tho English gov
ernment tliut vigorous protest which caused tho
repeal of the act. and checked the first step to
ward the usurpat ion which lost the American
colonies to til© lintin i empire Within those
walls the congress of tho confederation bad
commissioned its ambassadors abroad, and in
ineffectual efforts at government had created
the necessity for the concentration of federal
authority, now to he consummated.
Tho first congress of th United States gath
er and in this ancient temple of liberty, greeted
Washington and accompanied him to Hie bal
cony. The famous men visible about him wore
Chancellor Livingston. Vice President John
Adams, Alexander Hamilton, Gov. Clinton,
Rov; r Sherman, Richard Henry Leo, Gen. Knox
ana Baron Steub *n. But we believe that among
the invisible host above him. at this supreme
moment of the culmination in permanent tri
umph of tho t louKnndf* of years of struggle for
solr-government, were the spirits of the sol
diers of the revolution who had died that their
countrymen might enjoy this blessed day, and
w ith them were the Barons of Ruanymede and
William the Silent, and Sidney and Russel), aud
Cromwell and Hampden, aud the heroen aud
martyrs of liberty of ©very race and age.
****** * *
Posterity owes to Washington's adininistration
th© pulley and measures, th© force and direc
tion which inado possible this glorious result.
Ju giving the organization of the department of
state and forngn relations to Jefferson, the
treasury to Hamilton and the supreme court to
Jay, he selected f r his cabinet and called to his
use plane* the ablest and most eminent men of
his tune. Hamilton's marvelous versatility and
genius designed the armory and the weapons
for the promotion of natioual power and great
ness, but Washington * steady support carried
them through. Parties crystallized and party
p&asi.ins were intense, debates were lnt©m
j>erat*\ and the union openly threatened and
secretly plotted against, as tne firm presume of
this mighty personality funded the debt and
established credit, assumed the stated bt-iin
eurrod in the war of tlie revolution aud
Bcd*d the lo< xl by the national obligation, iin
poeod duties upon im;orts and excise upon
spirits and created revenues and resource*,
organized a national banking system for public
needs and private business, and called out an
army to put down by force <*t arms resistance
to the federal Jaw>; imposing unpopular taxes.
Upon the plan marked out by th© constitution,
this great architect, with unfailing faith and
unfaltering courage, bunded the republic. He
gave to th** government tot principle* of action
and sources of power which carried it success
fully through the wars with Great Britain in
ISIJ and Mexico in ISIB, which enabled Jackson
to defeat nullification, and recruited and
©quipped millions of men for Lincoln ami justi
fied and sustained hi* proclamation of emanci
pation.
********
No man ever stood for so much to Ins country
aud to maukind as George Washlngton. llamil
ton, Jefferson and Adams. Madison and Jay,
each represented some of the elements which
formed tne union. Washington embodied them
all They fell at times under popular disap
proval, were burned in effigy, were stoned, but
he with unerring judgment was always the
leader of the people. Milton said of Cromwell,
"that war made him great, peace greater." Tho
superiority of Washington s character end
genius we.*© more conspicuous in the formation
of our government and in putting it on inde
structible foundation* than in leading armies
to victory and completing th© independence
of his country. "The union in any
event/' Is the central thought of
bis farewell address, and all
the years of his grand life were devoted to its
formation and preservation. He fought as a
youth with Braddock, and in the capture of
Fort I>u Quesne for the protection of the whole
country. As commander In chief of the con
tinental army, his commission was from tho
congress of the United Colonies. Ho inspired
the movement for the republic, was the presi
dent and dominant spirit of tho convention
which framed its constitution and its President
for eight years, and guided i ■ course until satis
fi"d that moving safely along the broad high
way of time, it would be surely ascending to
ward the first place among the nations of tho
world, the asyluru of the oppressed, the home
of the free.
* * * * * * *
We stand today upon the dividing lino be
tween tin* first and second century of coristitu
tional government. There are no clouds over
head And no convulsions under our f et. We
reverently return thanks to Almightly God f-r
the past, and with confident ami hopeful
promise march upon sure ground toward tho
futnre. The simple fact* of these hundred
years paralyze the imagination, and we con
template the vast accumulations of the century
with awe and pride. Our population haa grown
from four to sixty-live millions. Its center
moving westward five hundred miles since
1739, i* eloquent with the founding of cities and
the birth or states. New settlements, clearing
the forests and subduing the prairies, and add
ing four millions to the few thousands of farms
which were the support of Washington’s re
public, create one of tho great granaries of the
world and open exhaustless reservoirs of na
tional wealth.
***** * *
Our institution* furnish tlie full equipment of
shield and spear for tho battles of freedom,
and abs lute protection against every danger
which threatens the welfare of t ©people, will
always he found In the intelligence which
appreciates their value, and the courage and
morality with which their power* are exercised.
The spirit of Washington fill* tho executive
office. Presidents may not rise to the full
measure of his greatness, but they must not
fall below his standard of public duty
aud obligation. His life and character,
conscientiously studied and thoroughly under
stood by coming generations, will be for them
a liberal education for private life arid public
station, for citizenship ami patriotism, for love
and devotion to union and liberty. With their
inspiring i ast and splendid present, the people
of these United States, heir* of a hundred years
marvelously rich in all which adds to the glory
and greatness of a nation, with an abiding trust
in tho stability aud elasticity of t heir coustitu
tiou, and an abounding faith in themselves,
hail the coming century with hop * and joy.
HARRISON 8 ADDRESS.
The Prenident'B Appearance Starts a
Storm of Cheers.
New York, April3o. —lu tho midst of the
enthusiastic cheering that followed Mr.
Depew's sitting down, Elbridge, T. Gerry
arose and said:
The President of the United States will now
address you.
President Harrison then arose from his
seat, placed his hat on tho chair hi which
he had been sitting, and advanced to the
front of the platform. This was the signal
for a grand outburst of c-heort. Dozens of
cameras were pointed at him from sur
rounding house top3, and he stood still for
a moment, unconsciously giviug the photog
raphers an excellent opportunity. Ho
began to speak, however, before the cheer
ing died awiy, and it was impossible for
any one to hear his first few words. He
spoke as follows:
Those proceeding* are of a very exacting char
actor and make it quite impossible that I
should deliver an address on this occasion. At
an early date i notified your committee that
the programme must not contain an address by
me. Tne selection of Mr. Depew a* the orator
on this occasion made further sfieecli nor, only
difficult, but superfluous He has met the de
mand of the occasion on it* own high level, lie
has brought before u* the incidents of the cere
monies or the great inauguration of Washing
ton We seem to be part of tbe admiring and
almost adoring throng that filled th*S3 *tre-t*
an hundred year* ago to the always
Inspiring presence of Washington. He was the
incarnation of duty, and be teaches us to-day
tins great lesson that those who would associate
their names with events that shall outlive a
century can only do ho by the highest conse
cration to duty. He was like a captain
who goes to and throws over
board bis cargo of rag* that he
may gain safety and deliverance for
hi* imperiled fellow men. Washington seemed
to com© to the discharge of the duti*** of hi*
high office impressed with a great sent# of hi*
unfamiliarity with the position newly thrust
upon him. modestly doubtful of hia own ability,
but trusting implicitly In his hopefulness of the
God who rule* the world, presides over the con
science of nations, and his power to control
human event#. We have made marvelous
progress in material events since then, but the
stately and enduring shaft we have built at the
national eipitaluf Washington symbolize* the
fact that he I* still the first American citizen.
OUTBURSTS OK CHEERS.
The remarks of the President were fre
quently interrupted with cheer , and when
he sat down the air was rent with the up
piau>© of the assembled crowd. Then c-arno
cries for ‘‘Morton/* but the Vice President
merely responded by rising and bowing to
the throng. Archbishop Corrigan then pro
nounced the benediction, every one within
hearing standing uncovered. The arch
bishop was attired in his pontifical robes,
aud, while sitting, occupied a position be
tween Vice President Morton aud Riv. Dr.
Storrs.
While Mr. Depew was speaking
the chimes m Trinity church rang
out aud tbe music of the bands in the
parade, which had already started, could
re heard distinctly at thssub-treasury. Mr.
Depow wore a skull cap and occasionally
referred to notes which he held in his baud.
Wben be came to that portion of bis.speech
where her ©marked that the sun of the na
tion was still rising the sun came out in
a glorious burst. Mr. Denew was fre
quently interrupted by shout© of applause
from the thousands of people in tne vast
throng. Hundred* of ladies in the windows
of th■.! D.exel building, and iri the windowk
of other buildiug* on Wall. Broad and
Nassau streets and on the roof of the assay
office, waved flag* and handkerchief*
throughout tbe exercises, their bright cos
tumes and beaming luces enlivening
the scene greatly. The literary exercise*
were over at 11:15 o’clock, and the presi
de.>tial party loftth* sub-treasury in the
order that it had entered. Tho crowd wus
kept back from Pine aud Nassau streets
while the presidential party e ite ©d car
riages and started for tue reviewing staad
at Madison square.
TRAMP OF THIS TROOP3.
The Pageant tho Finest Ever Been in
New York
New York, April 30.—The cru*h in the
street* iu the lower part of the city was
so great as the vast bodies ot military con
tinued to arrive at their appointed places,
that it wa* found necessary to make the
formal start somewhat earlier th in had
been intended. This was done in order
tli at the line might he lengthened out and
got in marching orde-, thus relieving at
once Iho pressure in the lower parts, anti
placing tho head of the column in such a
position that, when tho President reached
tiie reviewing stand, he need he subjected
to no delay.
OX THIS MARCH.
At precisely 10:35 o’clock (ion. Schofield
gave tho order a el the greatest military
parade of modern times started. Prom
Pine street, tho point from which tho start
was made, up Broadway as far as the eyo
could reacti, the sidewalks were literally
blockaded with people, white the win
dows, doorways ami roofs of build
ings were simply a mass of
humanity. As tho gorgeous pageant began
to move up Broadway all the patriotism iti
this mass which had been pent up now
many hours broke forth. Cheers rent tho
air; handkerchiefs aid banners held m the
hands of ti e populace began waving, and
New York and its many thousands of visitors
were happy. The scenes along the first part
of the line of march almost beggar descrip
tion. The crowd, however, under all its
crushing and suffering, was marvelously
good nntured, its sense of touch being ap
parently sub irdinated by, or more properly
drowned in its excess of patriotic feelings.
AT WAVERLY I*L.ACK.
At II o'clock the monster parade had
reached the turn at Wavorly place. Tho
city hall and Wavorly place steals were
packed ahni st to a degree of suffocation,
and numerous ticket holders were unable
to gain access to them or, in ninny cases,
even to cross tne lines. The police regula
tions were exceedingly strict, and
no one was permitted to cross
the liues unless for good reasons
Broadway, as far ns the eye could see, wits
a blaze of hunting und a Hoa of laoos. Tho
house-tops, windows, lodges, telegraph polos
andl amp posts,private Htauds’without num
ber and every possible vantage ground vied
with tho sidewalk crowds in numbers. The
first division of regular troops, cadets,
and naval corps who headed the
line, evoked applause at various points
along the lice. In fact, it must bo said of
the troops generally that they presented a
fine appearance and marched well. Tho
Ohio regiments, under (ion. Foraker, woro
entitled to special commendation in this re
gard. That this was appreciated by the
New Yorkers was evident from the salvos
of cpplauso that greeted them along the
line.
THROWN FROM HIS HORSE.
At Broomo street a careless military
officer was thrown from his horse,
but beyond a severe shaking up ho sus
tained no injury. Tho dense throngs and
pressure caused numerous fainting fl along
the route of the procession, but the sufferers
were quickly revived when carried to points
where they could obtain more air. At 11:05
o’clock the head of tho c .lunui turned into
the Waverly place arch, not having as
yet been cal led upon to make room for tho
carriages of the presidential party. Hr
great was the crush about the sub-treasury
when tho ceremonies there wero completed,
(hat it was w ith considerable difficulty that
the police cleared the way for tho Presi
dent’s carriage to reach Broadway.
PASSAGE OF THIS PRESIDENT.
Just before 12:3!) o’clock the President
nnd other honored guests of tint day wero
driven past tho city hall stand in open ror
riagos. The knowledge that they had
started from tho sub-treasury to tuko their
places oa the reviewing stand at Madison
square had boon telegraphed along the lm-',
and the military bodies lmd been drawn up
lu saluting col iinns on the east sido of
Broadway. Beigt. Kevolle and his squad
of twenty mount-d officers rodo in advance
of the President's carriage, the horses in a
quick canter with a'so pace, which was
maintained throughout the entire route.
WITH UNCOVERED HEAD.
President Harrison in the first carriage
beside Vico President Morton kept his head
uncovered, and nodded to the right and
left in acknowledgment of the wild apidaure
which greeted him along the line. It, was
such a reception as never beforo wont up
from a gathering on Broadway, or any
otbor thoroughfare. Mon shouted them
selves hoarse and waved their hats, while
tho ladies on the street, in windows, on tho
stands, and in vehicles of all descriptions
waved flags, ribbons, bunting and handker
chiefs vigorously.
CLEVELAND THE FAVORITE.
Tho cabinet officers and other honored
guests woro greeted with pliuditi ns they
drove next in order but the ovation ac
corded ox-Proiderit Cleveland was, at
many points, more hearty than was re
ceived by the occupants of the first
coach. Boon after the party drove
out of sight, the procession again
formed in marching order and moved
along. Tho big white arch on Fifth avenue
on Waverlv place was profusely de
corated with flowers, uud several hundred
little girls, seated on a ra sed platform near
the arch, sang patriotic airs and cheered
the soldiers as they marched.
IN UNION SQUARE. ,
Union square was a never to be forgotten
sight lying before N o’clock the stand was
crowded, and it was all the police could do
to hold in check the thousands who sought
to God there a |ioiut of vantage from which
to revmw the pa: ad". The other stands
were completely filled, and the aisles and
steps woro utilized by holders of tickets
who arrived late. BpecuJators wero early
on hand and offered tickets for the stands
at an advance of from $3 to (5.
WASHINGTON SQUARE.
Washington square was simple a seething,
hustling, hustling crowd of humanity. As
the tro ips passed down Waverly place and
up Fifth avenue under tho grand arch, the
scene from tho grand stand was a magnifi
cent one. The long line of soldiers, with
their trappings a id trimmings glittering in
the sun, looked like soino vast river of hu
manity olowly moving on, turning aside for
uo thing.
CHEER AFTER CHEER.
As the troops filed into Fifth avenue they
wero greeted with cheer after cheer. On
up tne broad avenue pasted the pageant,
with martial music and steady tread.
Indies forgot torn buttons, torn dresses and
disordered attire. They had coma to see It
all, and see it they Intended to anyhow.
The avenue offered an excellent oppor
tunity for the men to display
their training and they took advantage
of it. Into Union square came tho
head of the column. The troop-; made a
lreautiful turn, a id passing by the statue of
the immortal Washington wound around
the square like some huge, gaily-colored
serpent. Nobody minded being jam me 1
an l crushed and walked on. it seemed
quite proper that it should be so. Good
nature predominated, and as the different
bodies of troops came into sigh', good na
tural comments were made upon their ap
pearance.
FLAGS AND BUNTING.
Madison square seemed a mas; of flags
and bunting. Two of the stands Were
handsomely decorated, and early in the day
a crowd bug in to gather. Pi e-ndeut 1 iurrl
son and his party arrived at 12:30 o'clock.
In the box with the President were Vico
President Morton, Chief Justice Ful
ler, (Secretary of State Blame,
Mayor (Jra it, Gen. Sherman, Ad
miral Porter. Hamilton Fish, KUlridgo
T. Gerry and ex-Presidents Cleveland and
Haves. The huzzas of the people t int were
wafted up the avenue on tho wind at noon,
I DAILY. $lO A YEAR, )
1 5 CENTS A COPY. V
/ WEEKLY, $125 A YEAR, i
announced to those on the stands at Madi
so i square the approach of the parade.
Even at that time tho head of the parade
had only turned into the avenue at W sh
ii gton square, and a squad of mounted
polio galloped up with a loud clatter, and
cleared the crowd back to the sidewalks.
A BRILLIANT SCENE.
The scene r.t the square was a brilliant
one. For full two hours beforo the parade
art i ved the st inds woro occupied by people
who had determined to bo patient and
thereby secure good seats. Company E, of
the Seventh regiment, National State
Guards of New York, patrolled in front of
the stands nd kept loiterers on the move.
Inspector Byrnes, having as aides Cap ains
Reilly, CortWri fct, Weitervelt, Allaire
and Grant, was in charge of the police
arrangement*, being in command of about
500 policemen on tho outskirts of tlia
crowd.
HUMAN ADORNMENTS.
Tne hotel windows presented an attract
ive scone. They wore Ailed in nearly every
instance by beautiful women, and they did
not need-the additional glory of Hag decora
tions to enhance their attractiveness.
The Hoffman houso especially made
a splendid picture. A balcony had
been erected on tho roof and.
the entire building was gracefully festooned
with flags and streamers. This was also
true of tho Albemarle, whilo the Fifth
avenue was simply but neatly decorated
with a few flags and draping of red, white
ami blue along the entire cornice. Delinon
ico’s was a handsome sight. One
of the business houses in its cen
ter had windows from roof
to basement festooned in simlax. A man
who had certainly as flnoa view as anyl ody
had perched himself on the top of the tri
umphal urch in front of tho Fifth Avenue
hotel. Keeping company with Wash! gton
and his h rse, he surveyed the spectacle as
it approachod and passed beneath him.
VANTAGE GROUND OF THE WOMEN.
At Union square, the stand ou the east
side present si a peculi .r appearance.
Throng mat Its entire throe blocks of extent,
it was loaded with women and children.
The equestrian statue of Washington,
decked in green, and the brow sur
mounted by a laurel wreath, presented a
iluo appearance. Admirable order was
maintained. About tho entire square
the stands wore crowded and the building*
swarmed over with people. At I o’clock
there was a stir about Madison square
which betokened the drawi ig near of tho
President and his party. The soldiery lmd
arrived at Twenty-second street and were
drawn up on either sido, leaving an avenue
through which the company from the sub
treatury could lie driven. >}
HARRISON ON TIIE STAND.
At 1:10 o’clock the carriages containing tha
President and his narty drove up. Oa the
stand President Harrison stood in the
center. On his right was Gen. Sherman,
and on his left was Mayor Grant. To tho
lott of tho latter were ox-Presidents Cleve
land and Ha os. Russell Harrison stood
on an olavntion a little back from his
futher. But a few minutes olapsed, after
the arrival of the presidential party,
who i the military started. With
hardly a -halt, tho great column
moved on past tlio grand stand, and it was
twenty minutes past mi when the last of it
had passe 1, nnd the President was able to
rest his right arm, which for five
hours hau boon constantly busy in answer
ing salutes.
STYLE OF HIS SALUTES.
He removed his hat when Gen. Schofield
passed, as he did when the governors rodo
bv. To the leaders of brigades, regiments,
and, in some instances, companies, he only
touched his hat. TANARUS, ere were two notable
exceptions to tho latter rule, however,
when, in two instances, the captains
carried their swords in their left
bands; their right coat sleeves were empty,
and in recognition of this, tho President
lmwed profoundly and raise 1 his hat. Gen.
Sherman, Mayor Grant, Secretary Windom
and Mr. Cleveland loft long before tho pro
cession was over. Throughout tho soldiery
made a remarkably fine appearance.
GOTHAM’S GALLANT SEVENTH.
The Seventh regiment of New York won
its usual laurels. Pennsylvania made one
of the biggest turnouts. Got. Hill waa
loudly cheered; ovations were given also to
most of tho governors, Foraker of Ohio,
and Buckner of Kentucky being very
prominent among them. The Grand
Army of the Republic came in at
the end and was received all along
the route with cheers and hur
rahs, though nearly every one who had
viewed the long parade was thoroughly
tired out. From tho Madison square re
viewing stand to the disbanding point at
Fifty-seventh street tho crowd was, if any
thing, thicker than below Twenty-third
street.
REFRESHMENTS ALONG THE ROUTE.
A* the hours wore on, the crowd refreshed
itself with fruit, sandwiches and temper
ance drinks purchased from the vender*
who swarmed on every side. In one
instance an enterprising truckman was
shrewd enough to lay in u keg of beer and
ho bitterly bewailed bis short-sighted
ness in uot putting aboa.d a
dozen when lie found that hia
single keg lasted just twenty minutes.
From tho common council stand came a
perfect stream of oranges to the lire 1 sol
diers whenever the column halted. Barrels
and boxes to stand on reaiily brou -ht from
25 to 50 cents, m:d snats on trucks wore
often twice tided, as the original purchaser*
became tired ad forsook them.
A LONG-HEADED INDIVIDUAL.
Many people brought chairs and camp
stools to stand o i and one long-headed indi
vidual carried a step-ladder about with him
which he planted where.er he pleated. The
only drawback to his perfect enjoyment
was the constant effort on the pact of
numerous small boys to ups <t his ladder.
The stauds m front of tne various c un-he*
were well patronized and from FJtiettx
street up, where broad railings abmind“d,
each houso had half a hundred sight-se -n*
clinging below the stauds built above the
railings. Accidents were exceedingly rare,
although famting spalls were common
enough.
On tho whole, the entire affair was most,
admirably managed. At Fifty-seventh
street, where the parade was dismissed,
< rgauizatious Hied away, both right anl
left, without uny blocking worthy of n en
tion. As each state troop’s staff i eached
tho point, tho commauders hai.eJ.
nnd reviewed the several bodies fall
ing in again ill the rear. The la t
Grand Army poet reached the disbanding
point at 0:50 o’clock.
DISMISSED IN CONFUSION.
The largest and most closely tracked
crowd to see the parade was ut the point
where it was dismissed. According to tne
programme tho dismissal should have taken
place at Fifty-ninth street and Fifth avenue,
but owing to the inability of tue
police to clear tho avenue from Fifty-sev
enth t-> Fifty-ninth streets, Col. Cruger dis
missed the troops at Fifty-seventh street
without notice, leaving the great as
semblage entirely out in tne cold, that
had been waiting above that point since
morning. When the head of the procession
reached Fifty-seventh street, mounted po
lice made an effort to disperaa
the crowd, but they only succeeded in
causing the greatest confusion and excite
ment among the women and children. lit
tho crush three women were seized with