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THE MESSAGE. Fall Text of Ha Fresi floats Ana! Review. li^ 90- l'ic 0* ood rd. MUCH SPACE DEVOTED TO OCR FOREIGN RELATIONS. The Silver Question and Other Depart ments of the Government's Financial AfTairs-Desertions in the Army on the Decrease—Work of the Depart ment of Justice—The Postofflce De partment-Government Ownership of the Telegraph Dines Not Recom mended—A Don? Chapter on the Force Bill and Other Legislation Before the Present Congress—Con gress Urged to Rush Things. WASHisarojr, Dec. L—Following is tbe full text of the annual message sent by President Harrison to congress to-day: To i ' * Senate onel Howe of fteprexentativee: The reports of the several executive depart ments, wuicn will oe laid before congress in the usual course, win exhibit in detail the opera tions of the government for the last li: cal y ur. Only the mo e important i cidentsatid results, and cnietiy such as may be the foundation of the rreuninondaiions I shall submit, w ill be re ferred t> in tiiis annual message. The vast aid increasing business oi the government has been transacted by the several departments during the year with faithfulness, energy and success. The revenues, a mounting to ab ive $4.30,0 W.OJO, have been collected and disbursed without revealing. so tar as 1 can uscer.ain. a single case of defalcation or etnbetzl inent. An earnest effort has been made to stimulate a *e(ise of responsibility and public duty in all o fflcers and employes of every grad \ and the irork done by them has almost wholly escaped vinfavoraole critc.aui. I speak o’ these matters -*it:i freedom, because the credit of this good work is not mine, but is sra-ed by the heads of tile several departui nts with the great body of faithful officer* and employe, under them. The closest scrutiny of congress is invited to all ihe methods of administration and to every item of expenditure. Rslations. The friendly relations of our country with the nations of Europe and of the east have been undisturbed, while t e ties of good will an I common intere t that bind us to the states ot the western hemisphere have been notaoly ■trea.thaned bv the conference held In tuts ■capital to consider measures for the general welfare. Pursuant to the invitation authorized by con gress the representatives of every independent state of tue American continent and of Hayti met in conference in this capital lu Octoner, Jssa, and eontmued in s ssion until the iUth of last April. This important convocation marks a most interesting and influential epoch in the history of the western hemisphere. It is note worthy that Brazil, invited while under an im penal form of ► overnment, shared as a republic in the deliberations and results of the confer ence. Th • r commendations of this conference were all transmitted to congress at tue last session Tile international marine conference, which met at vv asiu'ugton la it winter, reached a very gratifying result. The regulations suggested have been brought to the attention of all the governments represented, and their gene al adoption is contulently expected. The legisla tion of congress at tue last session is in cou tormity with the propositions of th" c inference, and the procla nation therein provided for will bo d when the other powers have gi ven no,ice of their adhesion. Africa's suave trade. The conference of Brussels, to devise mears for suppressing the slave t aie in Africa, af tordedan onportuoity for anew expression ol the interest the American peo le lee in that great worn, it soon b came evident that tie measure proposed would tax the resources of the ( ngo basin beiond the revenues available i under tie general act of Bu-lin of 1884. Tue united Mates, not Ueinra party to t..at act. ■coulu not snare iu its revision. Out by a separate act the independent state of tne Congo was treed trom the restrictions upon a customs r>'v “u®- The demoralzing and and structive ;'f® c , lu ardent spirits among the tru*s also claimed the earne t attention ot the coherence, and the tl. legates of the Oimert states w re toremost iu advocatin - measures for its repression. An accord was hlmr i ’ t : ,e Infl uence of whicn will be very lupful and extend over a wide region.* As noon I, h>e measures si ail r ceive tne sanction of the Netherlands, fora i im) withheld, the geu walaets Will be submitted for ratification bv „ Meanwhile negotiatlom. have bean optued for anew and complete t -eat y of friend* snip, cnruniercial and navigation, I etweon the Congo “ lates a!M * tne independent state of the Brazil’s change op* government, derwm i f r ' I f the 0:1 1 of the >car t he only in- V h'onarchial government on the comment, that of Brazil, ceased to Idn'or, succeeded by a republic. -K , : “ lC relations were at once estaolished T . *“ e ""' v government, but it was, not corn 'ipni'urre s e'mzed u. til an opportunity had ■ xn uffordei) to ascertain that it, iiact the popn i"* f an ,l support. When the, cour.-e of yie!tle<l assurance of tiiis fact no rc0.,1 1 to the ntw govern ,V Jr „ a “ antl cvrJl Al welcome into the family be!h. rae ,r < i i i a ‘-‘O’hmonwealths. I: is confidently **• good relations of the two wai *lo "'■ l be pre ervea * and that the future co rw ttn lr "’ r '' as, ‘ u in iinacy of int-r --mer e aDi * an ex P anslun their mutual com SAN SALVADOR'S REVOLUTION. imLYl?r??hp f ( -'® ntn * i America ha* a tain been Sah, a, h , ruueb u revolutioLary cminpe i.i S nes“an l i ot I'ecogm/ed by other r,.„ "■;* lioMiht.es broke out between Suiva f-wrli ' llatf:na ' a ’ tareatenii.fr to involve all 'he r ® America m the conil.ci, an 1 to un.io 'imrir. " hlctl bad be n maJe toward a won ot the* interests. The eiTorts of ta;s *ov tvl 1 * repro i.ptly and zealously exert.*! *ct v™ :‘w e t , he,r , dlff0 ' ence3 ’ aai throujfb the . ‘ dorts of tneir representative!; of the v.i-h , le *- Provisional treaty of peace was : A . u v ?T t "’hereby tne runt of th re r c jrni v Va^°r 10 c^oose *l* o;v,n rulers was th<,obief of th 6 provisional gov rjr ne J IM Sll *ee beu conflrmed l 1 tlie presi dio.', auly tl fol l W^i bly ’ al ' d dl(,loU iL!Uc ,WOK _ killing of barrdncia. Pacihe ml?* ° ec - ® arr undia, o i board the 'n tra'J t ' f ra,ner Acapulco, wliile anchored he nu, |1J U tiw P° r£ °f Sail Jos •and < ii.nl mala, a rl“ r " ul inquiry. Having failed ia Qnatemaia on ?r y aU£ '' n l? L lo ' vade fn h from Mexican territory, bit Pail’ ,‘'“ n, -r too!t paatt at Acapulco b'CsoM Li- T 'i Consent ot ~ho re presen ta s-ile?!?^," lted states wasaoefclM toetTect hrst at chaiapcr.ee, whore the and aftorwar.l at San Jose. ■■l, 1,,' ' tl ’" st airier rt,fused to ivc up I'm;..•f "hfaout a written-order from the 'he ..esin.,?. .'“W*r. The ij.tt.-r furn shod n ‘; i' e^ e ' ' “tipulatine at. thecnd-ti ui -Ptr.- . , tjat len - Barrondia’a life short t f 1,1 tie should I*, tried only tor 1 vn. ■" out of IPs msurrectionar.- Cor.ta,,', Vf'Vt, f 'its letter was p es-nted to the Acapul o by tbit military com t ... r l j" n l "' e as bis w-.rrant to take th. t-i. o fbe btiamer. Get. KammJia .. . ;'.- r 0 and iva.kiiled. it being evi r .e’i. ■,.'!! m ‘. oi £er . Mr. !l tener. had ex - ' ; " in,i ‘°l lib authority in interven huat-1-.p b n '** v. iih the demand. of tne j,, ‘ h Suthor.ti -s to autiairize and effect, of precedent, tue. seizure on a res '-••sit ch. . and 8l ,U: * of - in ' " tta. ' arKßl with 10 dioal odenses, ia un > r "' & i be tried for su<h oils.,** - rao ; *** <**crib*d a,/ B.arii.l law. I was 'bin, from “ r Mt:n ' r ’ 8 061 * od •*' Tc \. * ,c A**ca’a cai al. ,r y. .f ohrSttaJlS*^ 1 p r ***• “ alr fb con iwn. us raal jug nost. encouraging miuad eS * All ,h * prrlim.nary conditions amf "" 5 “ SheJ (■.. in '?*’■“ against the govern meat o wnh lVru <-’ ro ' vm X oat of the late war wirrnmLA! rtS >rom our minister at Santiago fa.-o.ri'JA I’* 1 ’* -fatiou of all early oul u'is tactory adjustment. Ot'U UEhATIOSS WITH C3IXI. with China, which have f>r Our .til uV ar/i 'OO’ipicd s 1 iinjortant a place in I 2E‘JM" , ..at:cId-tory. have called for careful m J ,t an 1 hare beer. the subject of mu correapon deuce. ilie corn in unicat iols of the Chinese minister Cave brought into view the whole subject of our conventional relations with this country; &na. at the same time, this government, tiirou n its legation at i’e~lu, has sought to ar range various matters and complaints touching trie inter eats and protection oi our citizens in China. lu pursuance of the concurrent resolution of < >ctob.-r Ist, I have proposed to the gov ermnenti of Mexico and (irt-at Britain to con- H i , r a conventi nal regulation of the pissage oi Chinese labjreis across our southern an i northern frontiers. <>n the 2*d day of August last, Sir Edmund Munson, tue arbitrator selected und -r the treaty or December G, 1888, rendered an award to the effect that no compensation was due from the i Danish government to the United States on ae ; count ol what is common.}' known as the Carlos Butterfield claim. Our relations with the French republic con tinue to be cordial. Our representative at that court has very diligently urged the removal of the restrictions inipc sed upon our meat products, and it is be.ievtnl that substantia, progress lias been made toward a just settlement. THR SAMOAN TREATY. The Samoan treaty, signed last year at Berlin by the representatives of the united State 3. ( lermany Great Brian, after due ratifica tion and exchange, ha* begun to produce afiu tary effects. The formation of the government agreed upon will soon replace the disorder of tue past by a stable administration. alike ju*t to the natives ad equitable to the t iree powers most concerned ij tue trad -and intercourse with the Samoan Islands. Tne Chief Justice has •)een chosen by the King of Sweden and Nor way. on the invitation of tbe three power-, and will be installed. The iand commission and the municipal council ure in piocess of organize - tion. A rational and evenly distributed scheme of taxation, both municipal and upon Imports, is in operation. M&iietoais respected as king. ANOLO-AMERK AN RELATIONS. The new treaty of extradition with Great Britain, after due ratification, was proclaimed n n the2sth of last March. Its beneficial work* ing is already apparent. The difference between the two governments touching tae fur Real question in the Bearing sea is not yet adjusted, as will be seen by tue correspondence which will be soon lai-l before congress. The offer to submit the question to arbitration, as propo © 1 oy Her Majesty’s g > eminent, has not vet been accepted, for the reason that ths form of submission proposed is not thought to be assure a conclu sion satisfactory to either party. It is sincerely hoped that before the opening of another sealing season .* mie arrangements may be erected which will assure to the Unite.l Slates a property right derived from Uu.-jia which has not been disregarded by any nation lor more than eigaty years, pre ceding the outbreak of the existing'trouble. la the tariff act a wrong was done to the king dom of Hawaii, which 1 am bound to presume was wholly unintentional. Duties were levied on certain commodities whieu are included in the reciprocity treaty uow existing between the United States and the kingdom of Hawaii.with out indicating tue necessary exceptio 1 in favor of that kiugdo n. I hope congress win repair w hat might otherwise seem tobja breach of faith on the part of this government. AWARDS IN HAYTI. An a war 1 in favor of the Unite* States in the matter of the claim of Mr. Van Bokkelen ugaiust Hayti was rendered on D *c. 4. 1888. bet owing to disorders then aud al t *rwar.l prevail ing Hayti. tae terms of payment were not observed. Anew agreement as to the time of payment has been approved and is n twin force Other just claims of ill citizens of the United States for redress of wrongs .suffered dur.ng tne late pel tical conflict in Hayti will, it is hoped, speedily yield to friendly treatment. Propositions for the amendm *ut ol' the treaty of extradition between the United States and Italy are now under consideration. You will be asked to provide the means of accepting the invitation of the Italian govern ment to take part in an approaching commence to consider the adoption ot a uni vers U prime meridian from which to reckon longitude and time. As this proposal follows in the track ot the reform sfittght to be initiated by the merid ian conference of Washington, held on the invi tation of this government, the Unit'd States .should manifest a friendly interest iu the Italian proposal. In this connection 1 may refer with approval to the suggestion of my predecessors, that a standing provision t e untie for accepting, whenever deemed advisab e. the frequent invi tations of foreign governments to share iu con ferences looking to the advance me .tof interna tional reforms in regard to science, sanitation, commercial laws ant procedure and other mat ters affecting the intercourse and progress of modern com in unties. DELAOOAS RAILWAY. In the summer of I SS 'J an incident occurred which for some time tkreate ud to interrupt the cordiality of our relations with the government of Portugal. Tuat government B*=ized the h i agoa Bay railway, which was constructed und jr a cone ssion granted to an American citizen and at the same time annulle 1 the charter. T*.econcessionary, who had embarked his for tune in the enterprise, having exhausted other means c redro was compel!, and i*> in*, protection of his government. Uur representa tions. made coinc den Iy with those of the British government, whose subjects were also largely interested, happily iesuited in the reco- nition by P.irtugai of the propriety of submitting the claim for indemnity, growing out of its action, to arbitration. This plan of settlement having been agreel upon, the inter ested powers readily concurr *d m the proposal to subm tth j case to th* judgment of three eminent jurists, to be designated by the Presi dent of.ilie Swiss repuo ic, v ho, upon the joint invitation of the governments of the Un tad States, Great Britain and Portugal, has sol *cted persons well qualified for the task before them. OCR BKLATONS WITH JAPAN. The revi ion of our treaty relations with the Empire of Japan has continued to be the sub ject of consideration and of eorrespo idenc*. Toe questions involved are both grave an i delica'e. and, while It will b * my duty to see that the interests of the United States a-e not by any change exposed to undue discrimination, I sincerely hope that suen revision as will satisfy the legitimate expectations of the Japinese go eminent aud maintain the present, and long continued friendly relations between .Japan aud the United States may be effected. FRIJCNDJA' ties WITH MEXICO. The frieniship between our country anil Mex ico, born of clou© neighborhood, a id strength ened by many considerations of intimate int**r coarse mid reciprocal interests, lias never bo.m more conspicious thin now, uor more hopeful of in creased benefit to both nations. The intercourse of the two countries by rail, alrca ly great, is making constant growth. The established lines, and those recently projected, add to the intimacy of traffic, auu op u new channels of access to fresh areas of demand and supply. The importance of the Mexican railway svstem will be further enhanced, to a decree almost im posf.ible to forecast, it it should become a link ,in the projected intercontinental railway. I recommend that our mission in the City of Mexico be raised to the fxst class The c rdial c.nar.acter of our relations with Spain warrants the hope that by the continuance of methods of i riendl v negotiations much may be accornplisnod iu the direction of an adjus ment of pending question© an i of the increase of our trade. The extent and developemont of our trade with the island or Cuba invest the com mercial relat ions of the United Spates, and spuin with a peculiar import nice. It is not doubted that a special arrangement in regard to com merce, based upon the ncmrocity provision of the receut tariff act, w’ould operate most i ene tiuially for both government*. This subject .a uow receiving Attention. EUIC-S >.\*S REMAINS. The restoration of the remains oi .Tohn Erica son to Sweden afford *d a gratifyiug occa iou t e honor the memory of the great .nvenvortu whoß3 genius our country owes sj mun, and to hear witness to the unbroken imnddiin which has existe l between the land which riore uim, an 1 our own, which cht.me 1 him as a citizen. On the second of Septe.noer las* tin* corn mission apiiated to revise tie proceedings of the commission under the claims cjm ▼ mtlon between the Unite! States au 1 Ven7iiela of 1806 brought ih> lab >rs to a elo'f* witr.in th • p rlod iixt* i for that pur pose. The proceedings f the late ommiidon were charaet r.z dby a spirit of irnparti liiiy a ini a high Ht use of justice, and an incident whicn was for many years the subj *ct of dis cussion bHweon the two /overnmenu has been sed of in a manner honorable and • itmfautory to both oar ties, tort io ot tha claim of the Wnezuel* Bt#*m Tfwuspor* tation Company, which was tb“ .-.ib.jHcr of a joint resolution adopted at the last sevh.oQ of congress, ne rot ations are stid in progress, and tns.r early conclusion is anticipated TT!B 00XHCLAR SERVICE. The ierisla'doo of the pad few years has evi w?ed on the of •; mgr a growing reaUtatioaeg tha importance of tie co isular sernc- in fostering our oommercial relations abroad and in protecting ttw iomes tic n-venm?. , At the scoito of operation* expands mcrea^d THE MOILn’IXG NEM S: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 2,1890 TEX PAGES. ; i FT?*, ™ ns * ** raaffa to toepnpibsessential I- \ ln IsrJ ~f oifl.-.-iivy, Th- Mor.-si'v ef son>r ! 1- ar * ""“■"iiiv of sup rvlslon and inspection u*3 bean so often i re--uf‘.i t isr I need oniv Commend tbe subject to your attention. Finances of the Nation, revenues Of tb* K..v?rnmeu: from all ' !? u ‘ 1 f ' ,r , the t ear cn line June Kit i <sai, ! f'J \*■' * f - ; .'.-it 35. aud tile total expenditure, I ,or h ‘ une period w.-re S2iS,6!S i,| 5J f.,,. ; postal receipts have not heretofore lieen in dmifTrlh :lK “ 8!a: ‘ ,n * ul of thoseaitirreirates. s.i. ar P '-<* of comparison the sum of !?n sr,> uld be u.Mi.ie I from bot 1 sia.-s of tae de ■,.uo;. Too surplus for the year. | tb .*? u I o,int '-Pl-lieil to tli- smiting f ind, was 5l' 1 '.34i.4V60M L fbo receipts for , il: - * I,M .• ►. -‘lid the exjiendlture, fclG .oU.NaI lu exccasof those of The cus i t m> receipt < increased r-5. A.B4S nq, and the receipts from internal revenu * $11.ri".19l 89 while ..n t*i“ si.h* i t expenditures laai for pen’ sions was fl‘i,*Tl2,i>7s iu excess of the irec-*>i ng year. f Ihe treasury statement for th>* current fiscal year. jaily acrn il and partly estimated, is as iO lows: Receipts from a!l sources, $;• Mi.uk,- i "*ht; total expenditures, STjI.O' *.ooi>. leaving a sur P us of not taking th* postal re ! c^P ls into the account on either side. The loss of revenue fr. m customs for the last quarter is estimated at s&s,ooo,*}*>. but from tins is de ducted a gain of about ?!G.O X),od. realized dur in? tbe first four months f the year. U-r the year the total a-t.mated feceipls an l tue estimated *"q.‘uilituiVs 0 00) leaving an estimated surplus of 147.79} 58, which, with a cash balance of 9 .*•< iHui at the b**gi ining of t .* year, will K ,ve ? ! <7.147,7a: 5S as the sum available for the re Tempt o 1 of outstanding b aids or other u*<. Ihe estimate! of receipts an 1 expenditures for the postofiice department b mg equal, aie not iucludeil in this statement on either side. THE SILVER QUESTION. The cct directing the pure iase of silver bull ion ami tue i**u * of treasury notes thereon, ap proved July 1 1, Ib'.-d, lias been administered iv th* Secretary of the Treasury wit: an e rnest purpose to get Into circulation at the earliest possible date tue full monthly amounts of treas ury notes contemplated by its provisions aud at the same time to give to the market for si ver bullion such supp rt as the la>\ content platen, rhe recent depreciation in tae pr.ee of silver has been observed with regret. The rap and rise in price which anticipated and followed the passage of the act was influenced iu some de gree by speculation, and th • recent reaction i>, iu part, the res il: of the same cause, and in part of the recent monetary disturbances Some months of future tri and will bo necessary to and * termine the permAnetit effect of the rec *nt legislation upon s.Jver values, but it is gratify ing to know that the increased circulation se cured by th** act has exerted and will continue to exert a most beneficial influence upon gen eral vaius. THE INTEIINATIONAL CONFERENCE. While it has not been thought best t,> renew form illy the suggestion >f an internat.->n and c uferenco looking t> an a reement touching the full use of silver for coinage at a unit' rm ratio, care has be n taken to observe closely any cn.iug#* in the • iltiati"n abroad, an 1 no fa vorable wi l be lost t> pr result which, it is confidently bedeved. would c infer very larg • hcn. tiis upon tiie commerce of the w’or.d. The rec nt monetary distur a.ices iu E .laud are not unlikely to suggest a re-ex a:nuatio.i of opinions upon this subj> ot. Our very large supp.y of gold will, if not lost by im P il-ive le-is!ati>n in the supposed interest "t silver, give us a position of a tvantage iu pro moting a per.nan nt and safe international agreement lor the free use of silver as a coin 111 jtai. THE CIRCULATION. The effort* of the secretary to increase the volume of money in circulation by keeping down the tr**. s lsy surpais to too lowest prac ticable limit have been unremittin r. and, in a high degive. successful. The tabhs presented by him. snowing the in case of money iu circulation during the last two decade <, and, especially, the tabl * snowing file iucr rse during trie nineteen months he has admin ste ed the atfsirsof tne department, are interesting and insiru.*rive. The increase of money in cireu ution during the nineteen months has been $93,866,813. or ab mt §1 50 per capita, and of tuns increase only $4,100,009 wus due to the recent silver legisla tion. Tnat this an stunt al and needed aid given to commerce resulted in an enormous r - Auction of the public (tebtQindof the annual interest charge is a matter of increased satis faction. T.soi-0 have been purchased and re deemed since Marc i fourth, I<*9, 4 and Vx, per cent, bon Is to the amount of $'£.1,843,459, at a cost of $240,020,741. resulting iti r reduction of tne annual interest cnarge of S.B. 07,6.0, an l it total saving o; interest of ssl,- 74.700. 1 no.ice with g e it pie sure the statement of the Secretary that the receipts from internal revenue have increased during the last fiscal year nearly $12,0U0.0 G, and that the ert of collecting tuis large revenue was less by 6i7 than for tne same purpose in the preceediug year. Ihe percentage of cost of collecting the customs revenue was less for tne l ist fiscal year man ever before. Tlir CTSTOMB BOARD. The customs administration board provided for by tne act of June 10, 1800, was selected with great card anl is composed in part of men whose previous experience in ti e administration of the old custom regulations had in ;d *th *:n familiar with the evils to be re isedi *d, aud in part of men whoie legal and ju licial requirements and experience see.ncd to lit tn rn for the ork of interpreting and applying the new statute. The chief aim of the la a is to secure honest valuations of all dutiable mere audi e anl to make ihese valuations uniform at ail our ports of e dry. It had ben made manileJt l*v a congiessional invesrigati n tjat a system of under-valuation had Ik *n tong in use by ce tain o asses of importers, resulting not only in a great loss of r venue, but in a in st intolerable discrimination ugainst hou* sty. Ic:snots*en how this I gis.ation, when it is understood, can b? regarde l by tso oiti/cns of a iy country havrng commercial dealings with us ..s unfriandly. If any duty i*. supnosed to be exclusive let the complaint be lodged there, ft will surely not bectauned by any well disposed people that a remedy may be sought and allowed in a system of quasi smuggling, dho War Department. The report of the S cretary of War exhibits several gratifying results attained during t e year by wise and unostentatioua rn thoils. The percentage o desertions from the army tan evil for whicn both congress and the depart ment have long been seeking a remedy), has h-en reducovl during the past, year 24 per cent., and for the months of August and September, during which time the favora ie effects of tne act of Jun* 10 were fe t, 43 per cent., as com pared with the same month of 1880. Tlie refill s attained by a reorganization and consolidation of the divisio s having charge ot the hospital and servicrec rds ot the volun teer sol tiers are very r *?narKable. This change was effected in July. !SW, and nt that time th*re were 40,654 cases awaiting attention, more loan halt of these b *iug calls from the pension ofilce for information necessary to the ad judi ca*.ion of pension claim*. Or the 30th day of June ast. though over 300,000 new calls ha i come iu, then* was not a single case that ha 1 net been examined and answered. COAST DEFENSE. T concur in the recommendaf ions of the Score tary that ale iuate and regular appropriat.ons bo continued for c*ast defense works and ordnance, i laus have been pr ieticaliy agreed up .n, and there can be no good reason for de laying ihe execution of them: whileth • defense less stat * of our great seaports furnishes an ur gent n for wise e.xpoditi n. The encour ageiin nl that l.as been extended to the militia ot ttie states, gene-ally and most npjiropriau iy desu'tiaied the '“National (iuard/’ should be continued ai.d enlar od. These military organ izations constitute, in a large the army of the United States, while about five-sixths of the annual cost of their maintenance is defrayed by the states. Lb pxrtmont of Justice. The report of the Attorney General is under the law so omitted directly to congress, bit as tr e department of justice is one or the execu tive departments, some reference to the work done is appropri ite here A \ igorous and.in the n ain. an etfe dive olTorthas been ma e to bring to trial ano punishment all violators of the law a hut at ta-r* same, time care has been taken that frivolous and technical off *ns js sboul 1 not be used to swell the fees of officers, or to harass well dis posed c.tizens. Esp cial attention 1> caled to the facts con me ted with the prosecution of violatious of th ■ election laws and of offenses against United States officers. The numb r or c invictiooH s eired, very many of them iifon pi as of guilty, will, it is ho, ed. have a salutary restraining influence. T.'i**re hav** been several cases wuer • post masteri? a; >p anted by me hive b<3 n subjected to violent interference) ill the di*o barge ot their official duties asd to persecutions and personal viol nee of the most extreme character. Some of these cases nave been dealt with through the depart neat of justic *, cm in hofo*- ca as the pjstoillces have he *u aboli* ed orsupeud and I have .;ir*ct *d tbo Postmaster General to pursue this course in all cases where otr.er efforts failed to secure for auv postmaster, not himself at fault, an opportunity peacefully to exercise toe duties of his office, but Hiich action will not sup* p ant th * efforts of the dHfiartment rf justic * to bring the particular offenders to punUument. natuealization riucns. The va atlon by judicial decre s of fraudulent c?rt i cau*4 of nat uranz luon, up ju bills in oquity hied* b ' the Attorney General in the c.U; .it court of t in CmUi i uutfot. It anew application of a familiAr (|u t/junsdi tlon. N arly one hu drl sueu and w es Imve been taken durt g the year, the evidence disclosing U n a very large n iinher of fraudulent certificates of naui rahzation have bvn ia*u*d. ad in this cannec t*. n I beg tor new my r common la ion that the law s be Ssi amended as to r quire a .nor© full and searching Inquiry Into all the facts n c.*s sary to nat :ra :nation before any certifica es are granted, it eer ainly is nut to., inuen to vetjuire mat an applica ion for American cit; zeusbip shall b * heard with as muca care and recorded with as much formality*- are gi.en t* ases involving tue potties: property rig„t at the last seasion. , * return-d. witnout my approval, a bill enti -1 '^ r ‘ a T to prohibit bonk 1 akmg and pool t* long In tbe District < f Col uubia.” and stared rnv objection to be that it did not prohibit, but In fact license i wbat t p.ir one ! to pmhibit An effort wifi bs made under existing laws to supp ess this evil, ttacurh It is not e rum that they will he found adequate. The Postofflce Department. The report of the Postmaster General shows the most gra i'ying progress in t.,e imvKrtant work commitied to his direction. The business met ho. Is have been greatly improved. \ large economy in ex|ieuditarea an i an iucreas* **f 4.*54J,0.x in receipts has been realiz-vl. The deficiency this vear 13 $5,7H6,3ft), as against o 183 last year, notwithstanding the grcit enlargement of the servict*. Mail routes have iM eti extended and quicken 'd, and great- r accuracy aid dispitch in distribution am !-* livery rave lK*-n attained. The report will b found t. bo tub of interest and u 'gevtio 1 not only to congr ss. but to tho-e thoughtful c ti zens who may b interested to know whut biui ue>-s methods can do for that department of the imblic administration which most nearly touches all our people. Foe pour are of the act certain sv tions.ft er vise i stat ues relating t> letter ie . approved Sept. 19. !SX\ is lo'll r veived w itii great and ueserved popular faror. Tha pos’oifie** department aud th-* department >f iustic* at once entered upon the enforcement of thela.v wi.ti sy*npathetic vigor, an i a ready the public mails have been largely free 1 fr m the frau !u’c .? and demoral g ap ( eaK and lireratiireeniarmtiug from the lottery compa nies. The Naval Department. The construction and equipment of the new ships for the navy have uiafiV ver> satisfadorv progress Since March 4, iKSu. niiie ivw vessels have boon uul 111 commission, and during th-s wintei f ,ir more , including one m nitor, wi l 1-e added Tic* construction of th • other vessels authorized isbiing pushed, b r.h in the govern bient arid private yards, with energy, and wi t jhed wi h the most scrupuiotn earn The expet i:ne use inducted during the year to test the relative resisting power of armor plat s have been so v*.liable u* to attract groat at teution in Europe. Tin* only part of the work upon th' new ships that Is threatened by unusual de. ay is the armor plating, am! every effort la being mode to re duco tnat t. the minimum. It is a source of congratulation that the anticipated inline:.c *of those modern vessels udo.i the >mtt */-/ of tie office"s ;.ud seamen has l.**a fully real ized. Confidence and pride in tin ship among t :<• ermv arc equivah n; t> a stationary lia tcry. Your fmor..hi • consideration is invited to the recommendations of the secretary. The Interior Department. The report of the Secretary oft: > Interior exh.lms, with great fullness and cleat n-ss. the vast w-..rk of that department and the satisfactory r*sulta attained. Tne isuggeHtions made by him are earnestly commei l o the coM.sideration of c >ngre.sH. thou 4 h th y cannot all be given particular mention here. The sev eral M-ts of congress looking to the reduction of the larger Indian resei vat ions, t- the more r ipi I set Heine t of the .ndiana upon indivldtia l allotments, and the restoration 10 t ie p ihl;c demain of lands in excess of their needs, have been largely carried into effect, s * far as the work was c- *ntt leii to the executive. Agivepicnta hare been conch 1 ml since March 4. linvolving the cession to the United States of ib jut 1 • ,726,010 acres of land. Theao contracts have, am required by law. been mib in It ted to congress for ratification and for tho nppn.pri-lions necessary to carry tlvun into effect. Th**s,. with tiie Siseton und Wahpe ton, Vacan t Fox, lowa. Uottawattomie! and abaeiit o Shawuees and Cavur d’Ale.-i" tribes have not yet received the sanction of ooiiiXesi, Attention ia also cal c l to the fact that the appropriations made la the ca oof tiie Sioux Indians have not covered all the stiuu luted payments. This should be promptly cor racteJ. If an nrreemeut is c- nflrm and, all <*f its terms s.iou’d be co oplied wi:u without de luy, ami full oporopnatious should be made. PATENTING OF L Nl>S. The policy outlined in w la-t annual mes sa,* i 1 relation t > the patenting of lan is to sett lers upon the public domain lias been or.r --1 ied out iu the adminis nation of t'e land office No general suspicion or imputation of traiid has h 1 n allowed to del*/ the hearing aid a 1 judication o. individual oaaesup jn their merits. Ti e purpo-o ha* been to perfect the till 3 of hones! settlors with such promptness phat the value of the entry might not bo swallowed up by tho expense and extortions to which delay subjected the ela mant. The average monthly issue of agrici lnral patents has he a Increased about C.XIO. THE PENSION BURE ATT. The disability pension act, which win ap proved on the 27th of Juno last, has been rut into operation as rapidly as was practicable. Tne increase! clerical force provided was se.i ?cted and assigned to work, and a consider able part of tin* force engage* : in examinations in the fi and was recalled and added to tae work in v force in t he office. Tue examination and adjudication of claims have, by r*as n of improved methods, been more rapid than ever bi-fore. There a 110 ec->n ouiy to the government in delay, while there is ranch hardship and inju tice to th? .-oldie \ The antic.pated expen it>. re. while very large, will not, it is bcli *ved, be in excess of the esti mates made before the enactment of the a*.v. This Jioeral enlargement of the irencrai law shoi;l t sugge-t more careful scrutiny u( lnds forsp'cial relief, both as to cases where relief is granted and as to amount allowed. THE M >RMONS. Th-* increasing l umbers and influence .f the non-mormon popula. ior in Utah are observed with Bati.>fdotio(i, Tne recent let ter of Wi. ford Woodruff, president of th** Mormon church, in which h* advised his people “To rf frain from contracting a y marriage forbidden by the laws of t ie land." l as attracted wide attention, and if is hoped that its influence will be Highly b*ueficial in restraining imTactions of tae laws of the United States, but the fact should n >t be overlooked that, the doctrine or belief of the church t! at polygamous marriages are rightful and supported by divine revelation remains unchanged. President Woodruff does not renounce the doctrine, but refrains from teaching it an I advis *-. against the practice of it. because the law is ugainst it. Now it is quit** true i a< the law should not attempt to and al with the faith or belief of any one, out It is quite mother thing, and the only safe thing r d**al with iu the territory of Utah is that those who believe polygamy to he rightful shall not have the power to make it lawful. THE NEW STATES. The admission of the states of Wyoming and Idaho to the union are events full of interest am! congratulation, not only to the people of tho o states, now happily endowed with a full participation of our privileges and r spot)sibili nes, but to all our people. Another belt of states stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific. THE PATENT OFFICE. Toe work of the patent office has won from ail sources very ifg ■ commendation. The amount accomplished has been very largely in crease b and all the res ets have b *en such ns to s cure confidence and consideration for tue suggestions of the commissioner. THE CENSUS. The enumeration of the people of the United States under tae provisi .ns of the act of March 1, 18*11, has ber*n completed, and the result will be at once officially e *mm mica ted to congre s. The completion of this decennial enumeration devolves upon congress the duty of making a new apportionment of representatives among me several dates according to their respective numbers. PUBLIC BUILDING BILLM. At ti e last session I had occasion to return, with my objection, several bills making jv*'* vision for tne erection of public buildings for the r a on that the expenditure* contemp ated, were, mmy op riion. greatly In ex *o-s of any public need. So class of legislation is more liable to abuse or to degenerate into an un seemly scramble about the pu lie treasury than this. There stiould beexerci.el in this matter a wise economy, based upon s.one respousibl ? and impartial exa nination aid report as to each case, und *r a geuerai law. j epartmentof Agriculture. The report of t lie Secretary of Agriculture de erv**s ei*ecial attention, in yi*iw or ihe fact that the \ear has been m rk*id in a very unusual degree by agitation and organization arn n 'the farmers looking to au increase <n t ie profits of their business. It wi Ibe found that tli • efforts of toe department have been iritellig ntly and zeilously and voted to the promotion of the Inter ests entrusted to Its care. V very substantial imrovement iu the market prices of the leading farm product* duri *g the year is notkssd. The price o' wh-a advanced from si omi sin October, I*Bo. to $1 od% In Oc tober. iH.t);corn from 81 c?nt v> W)y\ cente; o *ls fro ti 1 i l i cents to 43 cents, and barley from 63 coats to 78 ceoU. Meats snowed a subatan tial. b it not ho large an increase. Tn • exj*>rt trade in 1D aoima sand fowls shows a very largs increase. The to’a. value of such export tor the veai ending Juoo 30, 14*0. was th * inert+m over the pre coding year was ove* sV>,o)o,ooo* exp /UTS or Hscr and sotm. Nearly •JOO.OA) mors ctttle and 43.000 more hogs were exported t han in the preceding year. The exp .rt trade in arnl products, and In dairy products, very largely increase 1. the increase ia the article of butter alone being from 1..5U1.97 •< po mds t- 4 ,ui 2 p •unds, and the total increase In th© value or meat an I uairy products exp>rt'sl le*ing $ M.i'd.oju. Tum jra.. so directly helof il to the farmer it is lie lieved trill l*e\et further and very in- I created, \rhen tbs of inspetmon and ! sanitary supr*rviaion. uow provki 1 by law, ; ; n o| *4-u fudy into o.er.-ttion. The efforts •f tne secretary 10 the health tuine>, of our meats against the di - uuraging imp > tat ions t at have b s*! put upon I them abrcal have resulted m substa itiai prog | ress. \e.ermary NU.g-.*ns snt out by tie j department ore n-iw allowed to particip.if- in the inspection of the live catt o from this coun try landed ut tbe Kngl sh diw'ks. and during ihe several months they Have hn*:i • n duty no case of contagions pleuro-pheumonia ban been re iHjrusl. rtiis inspection abr. a.l, and the do uiestic insiH tii'n of l*v* aiumal-4 and iHrk. and products. p’Ovtdod for by the ncr of Vugust whl afford rn jvrfect a guaranty for tbs unolosorno es! of our meats ottered for foreign censumtton a■ is auy wb re given tt any food product, aid it! non-accept ance win tpiite clearly reveal the real motive of anv continued restriction of their u-*es. That having been ma 1 * clear, the duty of th * execu tive will be very plain. BEET SC( 1 Alt INDUSTRY. The information given by the secretary of the progress and prospects •>! the bi*ei sugar indii'i ir in lull f r.t re>t. It bus already passed the experimental an t is a commercial success. Tne areao\er wbh*h the sugar let can be successfully cuitn ated is very larg*. and another field crop of great vuluj is offered to thoo mice of tho farmer. 1 fia Secretary of the Treasure concurs in the recommendation of the Secivtarv of Agn cud ure tiiat the official sup r vision provide 1 by the tariff law for sugar of and m -Kile production *1 all l>e transferred to the department of agn culture. r i ho Civil Service. TANARUS! o law relating to the civil service has, so far a l can learn, has been execute 1 by tLo.se having itm |H>wer ot apodulinent Inth'da-sl lied service, w ith fidelity and iinpariiality, and tue MTvicrt has b*eii invroimingl} satis: vtory Tho in iKiri of the com mission shows m la*v o a uoitut of good work done during t ue year with v‘ry limited uppr priations. i>ua neea of th© Country. I Cvmgratu’ai * the congress aud the country uiKm the pAssAgc, a* the lirst sos-iin ot the ruiy ffr-t cougrc.Na, of ail uuusual mini nor 1 iwH of very high iuiDortanco. That the reaults of this b'gLs’.ation will lie the qiiiekening and en largement of our inatmtacrur.ng industries, larger and better markots for our breadstuff * and provisions, both at home and abroad, men* c-m s ant employment and better for our working pe plc, mil an increa'ed Hiiuply fa siito ourroi.c for tlie iraLsacLion of business, I do not iloiiht. Some of these mcasmvH were enftc.od at so late a period that the b nellcial effocts 1 pon oar commerce which wore in the Contemplation of congivus have, as yet, but partially manifested themselvrs Tlie general trade and irdustrial con litmus through <nl the country during the year have shown a marked imorovcineut. For many y etir.N ptior r ishs the u.eivbandisc balances i*f foreign trad 'bad been largely i.i our lavor, nut during that year and the year following they turned against us. It is very gratifying to know that the l ist fiscjl year again shows a balance in our favor of over $ >B,OOO,UW. THE VOLUME Ol BUgINKStL The hank clearings, which furnum a gooil t*t of the volume ot business transact** 1, for the t n montbsof the year Ih.ii. show as com pared wi ll the same mo -.thHof ißri), an increase tor the whole country of übo.it 8.4 per cent., while the increase outside of the city of New York was over i t per cent. Uu lug the month October of he clearings of t ie whole country showed an i crease <f 3.1 percent, over October, lHs'Jjwhile outside < f New York t Ik* increase was Jltjj per < *n . These figures show that the increase in the volume oi business was very general through *ut the country. Th*t this larger busi ne> > was b *ing coud icted ud ti a safe mid profl t ibh* bssls is shown l y the fact that th-ro were '•go ias failures reportrd in October. Hist, than in the same month of the pr- co sling year, with liabilities diminished by about ss.ikX), (0, The value of our exports of domestic merchandise duri g the ia t year was over $115,090,009 great©' titan tin* preceedlng year, and nu ■ only exceeded once In cur li story. About $100,000,000 of this excess was in agricultural products The pro ducti nof pig iron, always a good gauge of the general prosperity, is a <<wn by a rec nt census mitletin tohuvobvn 153 percent, greater in U w hO than iu JBBO, and tne production of itel 2.k) percont.gr ater. Mining in <‘'-al lias had nu limitation except that resulting from de ficient transports ion. labor's lot. The general testimony is that labor is every where fully employed, and the reports for last year show a smaller number <f employes af locted by strikes aud lockouts than in any year s.ncc jNs|. Ihe depr‘Hsiou in the pric.Wof ag r.cultnial products had r*t*u gn*atly relieved, and a Imovani anil hopeful t0..0 wus bcgiu ningtob felt by nil our people. Tnese promising influences have hen in some degree c lecked by the surprising And very uu f.ivor ibie monetary < v**nts which have rocently taken place in Kuglucul. It i.* gratifvm' hi know that these did not grow in any degree out of tn.* litiancnii relations of London with our people or out of any discrc*dit at’oehed to our securities held iu that market. Tne return f our bonds and stocks was caused by a money stringency* in Kngland, not by any loss of value or credit in tfiesccvritles th*inst*lv< , H. M e could not, however, wholly escape tin ill effects of a foreign monetary agitation, accompanied by such extraordinary incidents as characterized this, it is not believed, however, that those evil incidents, which i ave for the time unfuvor af)ly aff oted *auesiu this country, can long withstand ihe strong, safe and wholeriome in flu -Lees which arc operating 1 to give to our peo ple profitable returns in a.I branches of legiti mate trade and industry. TIHC TARIFF. The apprehension that our tariff may again, and at once, be subjected t imp >rtant general changes would undoubtedly add a depressing influence of t he* mo t serious character Trio general turiff acr las only partially gone into operation, some of its important provisions be ing limited to take effect at. dates yet in the future. The general provisions of the law have been in force lesi than sixty days. Its perma nent effect, upon trade and prices still largely stand in conjecture, it is curious to note that ihe advance in tue prices of articles wholly unaffected by the tariff act was by many hastily ascribed to that act. Notice was not taken ol the fact that the general tendency of the markets waft upward from influences whol y apart from t ie recent, tariff le Nation. Tne enlargement of our currency by the silver bill undoubtedly gave an upward tendency to trade, aud had a marked effect on prices, but this natural and desired effect of the 6ilve~ legislation was by many er roneously attributed to the tariff act. There is neither wisdom nor justice In the suggestion that the subject of tariff revision s all be a.ain opened before this law has tiu 1 a fair trial It is quite true that every tariff schedule is subject to objections No bill was ever framed, 1 suppos *, that n all of its rates and classifications had the full approval even of a party caucu*. Such legislation is always and necessarily the product of compromise as to de tails, and the piesent law is no exception. But in its geuerai scope and effect 1 think it will justify the support of those who believe that American legislation should conserve anl defend American trado and the wars of American workingmen. The misinformation as to the terms of tho act which bus been so widely disseminated at home and abroad will be corrected by experi ence, au l tue evil augune* as to it* result con founded by the mark©: reports, the savings hank, international trade balances, and tne general prosperity of our people. EFFECT UPON IMPORTS. Already we begin to hoar from abroad and from our custom houses that the prohib itory effect upon importations imputed to taea.:t is not justified The imports at tbo port of New York for the first three weeks of November were nearly 8 per cent, greater than for tbe same p *ri and of 1080, and 20 per cent, greater tuau in the same period of IS H. And. o far from being ari act to limit ex ports. 1 confide *My believe that under it we shall secure a larger and more profitable participa tion ii foreign trade than we have ever enjoyed, and that w e shall recover a proportionate partic- Ii nation in the ocean carrying trade of the world. The cr tic.sms of the bill that I ave come to us from foreign sources may well be rejected for i repugnancy. If these critics really Deliev that the adoption by us of a fre j trade policy or of tariff rates h iving reference so ely to revenue wouid diminish t< e participation of their own countries in the commerce of the world, their advo acv and promotion by sueeoh and other forms of organized effort of this movement among our pe pie is a rare exhibition of tins I fl-ihoess in trade; and on the other hand, if they ►dneerely believe that the adoption of a protect ive tariff p flioy by this country will inure to their profit and our it i* notice ab y strang* that they suoiild lead t<e outcry against the authors of a p li y so helpful to their c tmtryrneri and crown with their favor those who wouid snatca from them a substa i* tial share of a trade with otner lands alrea iy inadequate to tb dr necessities There is no dis position am on : any ot our pooplu to prom *te prohibitory or retaliatory egislatiou Our poll are adopted not to the hurt of others, but to secure tor ourselves tho e a i vantages t -ar, fairly grow out of #ur favored position as a nati n. Our form of government, with Ita In cld'-nt of universal suffrage, makes it irnp*ra tive that we snail save our working people from the agitations and du*tr-' sei which scant work au*i wafts that have no margin f- comfort always beget. But after all thU m dote it will o • found that our markets arc oien friendly c* uim *rcial exehangt-sof enc-rmous value to the other great powers. m orv efforts. From the* ti ne of my mductiuii into office the duty of using every power r.;-! influ o- * given by l&w to tbe executive f’.eonrtrnent fr the developuieut >f larger mark' ll tor ©r pr.Hluets, esperiillv our farm iTkiucts, has been keep cou-vtantly in mind, and 1.0 * i..rt has been or "id be <jor,Nl to prom te Uiecn 1. We are ut der tio i!is® ivantag** 111 any foreign irnrk't. except that we jmy nr workmen an! workwomen better wa.is fh*u nr© paid ©lsewnare. Hotter ab stra t v. end r> ter relatively to the cost ot tho necessaries of lif . 110 not toubt th.it av. rv larg.-ly increased foreign trad • is actvsible to us w ithout br ermg tor ii -Hu t our home mar kot for such products of the farm and shop as our own people can supply, or the wages of our working t©ple In many of the products of wood and iron, and 10 mcais and wo have advantag -s that only need bolter facilities of intercourse and transportation to bocuro for tliem la ga foreign marketa THE KECirnOcTTV Cl .A UK E. The reciprocity clause of th< tariff net wisely and cffV.to *iy *;* >u, t!i wn.v to secure a large reel jins* il r .*1 • i*i exoliatige for tli© free 11 1- iidssion to our ports of eerta n product* Fite right of in-ieiiemlcut nations to make : pemat rrcipr*cal trad© cone h stons is well eat anil-be I. and docs m itnpiir* either the com it y duo t<* other powers, or what is known u-< the “favor© 1 nation clause, M so g©! eraily found in cu*nri r ial treaties. Wh tis given to on© for aa a I equate agreed cousidermion t a mot beclaimt* 1 by ar;- other freely. ! ;•* state f ih rt'vrtiuo wis Hiivli that we e0.i1.l dis{cne with a v import duties upon coff- e. t a hides an l the lower gr ides of sugar an Ini *la s-‘i. T wit the large advantag • r- sultmg t the c umries producing and ©{porting tli s * articl *s by pine mr them on t!: free list entitled us to expect a fair return iw tn© way of cusi mm colic •-moriN upon art idea expott©d by 11s to th'-.n was so <.bno is that to have graiuiioislv a!>am!otied ttiie upper futiity to enlarge oqr tr.i I j vml I have bren u unparloimb © error. I hen* were but two rn©t no Is <f inalutnlning control of tiiis qtiestiu i <>p >n congress: To p!.ic • ull of 'ii *e art toll's iijnia tbe ilutiab e liNt subj % ct to suen tr ity agn-cments as oul Ile Ko.uire 1. or to plac • tliem all irTiua icntlv upon the free list, but subject t * the r imposition of spoviii -d duile.a if the c-nintri from wwi -li wo ree ivo i tliem Hliould r fuse 1 . wlv.*f. ih ni' able recipr.fcil ben-llis. T .is latter nirtt'io I, I think, possesses great inlvaut i v.: • . It uxpretM s in advaniT© the consent of congress to r ci proc ty arrangetn ‘tits affecting ?,• pro hiots. which must otherw;so have been and lny sl aud unasc rt lined u ml each tr a*v was r it.tl *d 1v th© S nate ami tie n.*c *s:;iry legislation enact© 1 by congress. Uxweriene * li n sh ivn that soiti© treat is looking to n.-iprocat trade h iv© failed t> seen © a two-thirds vote iu tuo Senate for r.itifi -.itiosi, and other© having passed that st lge have for years awaito l Hi© concur rci ee of tin* IToihi* a id Senate in sue 1 rnolitl cations of our revenue I tars as aa re m*c . ary t give offeet to their provlsic'its • A DEFINITE OFFER NOW. We now have RtO concurrence <f both Houses in advance, in a distinct and d“i| it** offer of fr* <• cn ry to our ports of up© u.'ic articles T** cx.Muttiv is not required to dal in c inject urn as to what congress will accept. Itnlced, t hiu recioroc.ty provision is more than an off er. Our t art of tbe bargain iu comp et *. Deliver} has b u*n made and when the coiiutri • from which we receive siign", cff©, tea and hides. Ia- e plat e<l on t! eir tic©lists of our product as shall be agreed tip >ll as an equiva lent, for our concession, u pro<*lafnation of t ml fact completes tho transaction, aud in the meantime our own people have free sugar, tea, coffe j and hide. The indications thus tar given are very hopeful of early anl favorable action by tho countries from which we receive our large i 11 ports of coff *© and suzar, aud it. is confidently bMleved that if steam communica tion with th©-*© countries can bo promptly im proved and enlarged the next year will iow a most gratifying Increase in our exports of brcadsiuffs and provisions, as won as of some important 1i..0s of manufactured goods. The Locrislatlon Ahead. In Addition to the important bills that became laws before the adjournment of the l ist session, some other bills of tli“ highest Importance \v©r * wed advanced toward a final vote, and now Htand upon th© calendars of the two houses In favored positions. The present solution has a fixed limit, and if these measures are not now roughfc to a final vote all the work that has liceu and no upon them hy this congress h lot. The proper consideration of an apportionment bill and of t to annual appropriation bills will require mu only that no working day of the session shall he lout, but that nieaa ires of minor and local interest shall not bo allowed to Inter rapt or retard ilia progress of those that ure of universal interest, In view of those cmdlMons l refrain from bring ing before you at tics time some suggerdions that would otherwise be made, and most earn oHtly invok© your attention to tho duty of pe - fectine the important legislation now well ad vane and. DEVELOPMENT OF HTKAXSIIir* LINES. T< some of these measures, which seem to be most lmjKii*ant, I now briefly call your at ten th'ii. I desire to repeat with a I led urge icy, the rejoni’hcn latious contained in my last, unnuol me sag<* m relation to 1 1 o developm *t of Xmerican steamship lines. The reciprocity clause of of the tariff la I will be largely limited, nn I its benefits retarded and diminished, if pro vision i*. not contemporaneously niado to ©n courage t <* establishment of first class hP*uui communication beiwcen our porta unc th.* ports of such nations as may meet our over turea for enlarged commercial exe anges Tee fcteauiahip carrying the mails statedly and fre quently, and offering to jasscngori a com foriable an 1 speedy transit, is the first condition of foreign trade. It carries the order or the buyer, but not all that is orb**rod or bought.. It gives to the sailing vessel such orders as arc not urgent or peris* able, aud indirectly, at least, promotes the important adjunct of coin mere •. T.icre is now, both hi this country and In the nations of Central and South America a state of reciprocity and confidence as to increase 1 trade that will give a double value to your prompt action upon this question, i he present situation or our mail communica tion with Australia illustrates th** importance of early action of congress. The Oceanic Steamship Company tnai flaltis a line of steam ers between San Krancisoo, Sydney aud Auc,<- hind, consistin* of three vesst*h. two of which are of Unite i States registry and one of foreign registry. For tne service don 1 * bv this line in carrying the mails we pay annually the sum of ?1 .*OO, being, ns estimated, the full sea and United Slates inland postage, which jh the limit fixed by law. Tl:o colonies of New South Wa’es and Now /**iand rwin paying annually t• > these lines t 37,000 for carrying those mails from Sydney anti Auckland to San Francisco. The contract under which this pavment ha* be n made is now about to ex pire, and these colonies have refuNed to renew the contract, unlesa the Unite! States Khali pay a mor e equitable prop rtion of the whole sum nece*Rary to main am the s-rvioe. I am ad viH**<l hvthe Postmaster General that the Unite* I Stites receives for ca-rying the Australian mails, tirought to San Francisco in these Hteam era by rail to Vancouver, an estimated ammal income of $75,000, while, ah I have stated, we ar** paying out for the support of the steamshlri line that brings this inarl to us only $10,600, leaving an animal surplus resulting from this service of ssrJ f <Mi. Tne trade of the United States with Australia, w hich is in a considerable part carried by i has * steamers, aud.the whole of wnich is practically dependent upon the m til communication which thov maintain, is l *r/ely iu our fav r. Our total exports <f •* ercnaud.s • to Australian ports during the Ihval year end ing June 30, 1800. were $1 l.SWtt, ißi. while tie total imports of merchandise from these pons were only $4,2i7,616. If we are not willing t*> s * this important steamship line withdrawn or oootinued, with Vane im*r substituted for San Francisco as the, American terminal, congress should put i in the power of the Bostmaoter General to make a liberal increase in the amount f*>r the transportation of tins important mail. OPPORTUNITY OF THE SOI TIL The South Atlantic and Gulf ports occupy a v*ry favored position toward the new and im portant commerce which the reciprocity <1 ui e of the tariff act and the postal shipping bill an* de.sigu-d to promote. Steamship lines from the >♦-ports to some northern port of South Am riea will almost certainly effect a connec tion between the railroad systems of t ie con tinents lon ' before any coutimi <us liae of rail ronis can b* }*it into operation. Thu very la r ge appropriation made at the last session for the iiarb >r of Galveston was ju nlied, as it seeme Ito me, liy th so consider* i.ms. T ie great nortiiwent will feel the a Ivantog * of trunk lines to the south as w< 11 as to the east, and of the new market opened for ttn if surp us food products, an<l for many of theix manu factured products. AN INTERNATIONAL BANIi I hail wtcasion iu May last to transmit to oongret* a rein rt adopted by the interuaiiouai American conference upon the subject of the incorporation of an international American bank # money exchang s ljetw<N*n the btaU*s repres-nted in that ouu fercnce. buch an in.*tltuti;>h weud greatly promote the trade we Jare seeking to develop. 1 renew the recommendation that a carefu and well guarded onartur b*) granted. I do not think the power* granted h ;oui 1 include tho-o ordinarily exer***sod by trust, guaranty aud safe deposit uornpoßies.or that more branc es in tue Uhir**d States should be authorized than are strictly necessary to accomplish tne object primarily iu view, namely, convenient foreign ercLsnar-1. It is Tnlt* fmporiai,' that promo* ae f ion slitaiM b- t.ik n in this matter, in order th it any appropriations f<sr bitter co<nmui)U*a* 1 tion with these c *ll niri©s and ar:y egre menu may N* mad© for reciprocal trad-? may n <• b hn.d© ed by to© I c<-Qvenienc© of inat.ng ■ ex ,, -anges through Kuropean no: ey centers or , bur !©n it by th© tr.b ife .v, k h au iucidont of j that method of bits ness. kxi.ief for nr? ©uprkve court. I The bill for tae relief <* th© s .;>r:ne court has, af:©r ciaur years r and cu* t , ric'i©*J a position wl.e e final action is©fiv nr amble, au l it is h>p©d tluit any diff©r©ucet of opraion mav b© so narmoniANl onto i\© t © e-sential [featureso this very imp runt measure. Ia : this coimectioß I earn t v r*-new mv r-com* • rnenda ...ns that the Milari? u j 1 lg©s >•( the l oit.- l Statesdutri‘l c*,Mr(s b twoiijust'd That non© of them shall receive less than $5,0J0 per aunuui. UVADJI’STED I.AND Q&ANTS. T -• Mibj-*i-t of unadjust • I Hi am- 1 and Mexl rants. and the argent n©ce for 1P r ,v *di c some c muni-Hion or iri unai fur tn© trill..l tti© q upturn* of title growing out of them, wer * twice brought by in© to toe at ten ti-.u 4-f con ,'resH at the last sea la. Bills have t*en reported from the pr .per comuutiee.s ia b th house 4 u|xn the subject, and I very earn* *‘ i s: *. v I-010 i hat 1.11 • *figr ss vs sII put an o<d to ticd.iiv "in-lit- -i it t 11 !cd th** settlement of th© HDUt *-. a* to title b -in.-ou the s tile sand the claimants under tu-s* grants. Those dis* pipes r tird th. prosp-nty ail disturb th© |eno© of large aud iuip riant communiti s. Hi© govern-.r ol New Nb x.o .in his | {i >t report to tli© Secretary ..1’ tu* i;u.* r r, suggesu some m*. liLc.it ion of the pro i-ms ..f to pending bi is re lull g to t’u> amid ho'dings of far:n lands 1*• nini nd to you-aUeuSoti thesug g©*iti urn or t..e Secretary of tue hit ri >; u vja this Hubjcct. A NATIONAL BANKRUPT LAW. The enactment of a national hank nipt law f still r gard us very *1 si-able. The co.i ritution having given to congress jurl dl -tiou of tijuw s'.ibject, it should *e e\ercis<- i, and uniform rules provided for in-ouont debtors Ih© iq conveuience r©s..l ii.g from the * e.-asi nal aud temporary *x*rci- of this power by coogrc ■.% and from th©conflicting btite o di of insole-. ency. which c *:n< into fore* intermediately, blioul 1 b<removei b. tlv ©naclmerit of a -i o pb\ iti©x|<*nnlve and permanent ratio ,al bang nipt law. ropYRIOHTS OF POBEK.NERS. 1 a's > renew my r(H*ommendation in favor of DgiHialiou affording just copyright pr tection t> I'oreitu authors, on a f.iotiug of reciprocal advnnt’i -vi for our authors n'roa 1. It may still Ik p* sfific for r m co ogres© to inaogurat *. iy miituble legislation, a move nient looking to uniformity and in creas'd safety in tne use of ( " ip’-T! and brakes upon fr.*i rht trains ©n ga in interstate commerce. T.ie chief difi* culty in the way is t >•- *ure an agre© nent is to the best appliances, simplicity, ef fcotlveiiesa and cn 1 b iti< considered. This (iiifloulfy will only yield to legislation, which shou and b * p is© 1 upon full'lnquiry and imparl uil 1•• N. Ph** purp. a* © loulo he to scour© t.i • c a l well- osposo 1 m mug *rs and owii.ta, but the fearful fact that ©very year’s delay involves the s>criflccof J,noo liv©4 and tbe maiming of I*o,ooo young men shonhl p'.chd hoth with I’oti'iess und me ruanugera against any nco Hess and lay. IHE ARID UKUIONH. T * 1 1! Ject of th© eoiiHeiaatlon and equal and Btrlbutio’i f the wat *r o. to© sn l region he* hud much attention from o ingress, but Las nor, ih \ o’. !>© *n placed upon a ucr.uanent and fat isfacior.v basin. Th© urgent* r of the sub ject do. h not grow out ..f any 1 irg© prewnt demand for the us** of these laud© for agriculture, but out -.f the danger that t e wat r supply aud the sites for t © i>e o>sary cat**h basins may fall into the hands of individ uals or pr.va (* corporations uni bo noil t-i ' render suoservieut the large areas dependeutr up n such supply Tne owner of the water is t.i© owner of the land*, liowev r the titles may run Ml iinupi r tpriated natitr il watnr sources and all necessary reservoir si ms should behel 1 by tno government for the ©qu fi use. at lair rites, of Hie homestead settler wli > will eventually take up these lauds The I rii ed ,States should not in my opinion, undertake the construction Of dams nr eauuls, but should limit its work to such surveys and o(nervation* us will term tie the water supply, both sur face and subterranean; the areas capable of irrigation and tli ■ location and st.ra.ro c*pacity of refc.ervoirs. This done, the use of the water and reiervoir sites might be granted to tho re spective states or terrlLorios, or to iudiv duals or associations, up n the condition that the necessary work should ho coustnj. ted and the waier funiiulied at fair rates without discrimi* nat ion, th© rates to bo mitijoct to biipervision by tne legmlaDires or by a board of wa r commis- Hloners dulv constituted. Th*< Hscntial thing 10 \v‘ obiorvea Is the comm n and © rial use at fair rates, of the accumulated water supply, it hi almost l)ott**r that thee lands shou *d remain arid than toat those who occupy them s ould ixjcoin© the slave of uuroslraui and monopoiiea font o!llug Ihe one essenriai element of land vabi. suud crop results. POSTAL TKLBGRAPIIY. The use of the telegraph by the postoffice de partment ns a meaiiH INr the ra.i iti ausraihsion < of written comiDUfii atlons is. I believe, upon pi out terms, quite desirable. The govern-, men does not .iwii <<r operate the railroad j, and it shod *1 not, I think, own or operate too tele gra *ii ti :es. It *!.• <, however, ;rn to b * quite practlcaiile for tlie government to contract} with the telegraph co upauiei, as it does with the rat.road c >mp iiiius, to carry At sp*-clfl-d rates such omniunioaMons as the h nders may and signal© lor this mernod of tiannmisaion. £; reco'iirnend tliat sue'i legislation be enacted am will o table the postofllce liepartm nt fairly to t 'Stbv exp*riuient the advantages of buch a use of tiio tclograph. THE FORCE BILL. If any Intelligent and loyal company of Amfl% lean citix*ns were r*(|uired t< cntilogue the eihont.al nurnau cou.lit.ioim of natiou.il fife, I do not doubt that with absolute unanimity tbey 1 would i>*‘gln with free and honest elec ion*, ancl, it is grailfying fo know chai generally there is growing a id non partisan demarxl for better election laws. But against Diih sign of hope and pro :rrm must in* sot the depressing and undeniable fact that election laws und methods are sometimes cunn ngly contrived to secure minority control, while vio lence completes the Nbort**omin?s of frauds. In inv last annual message f suggested that too d’ivefonin*nit of the existing law providing & federal superrMoa of c<;iigresional a act on* offer ft on effective method of r 'forming these ab jses The need of such a law has manifested it*elf in many parts of t e country, and its wholesome restraints ami j#maUi**s will l>* u*. ful i * all rhs constitutionality of euch legislation nas been affirmed by the supreme court. Its probable offectivencas is evideneed by the ebarao or of the opposition that is made to it. It has been denounced as if It were u new exorcise of federal power aud an invasion of the rights of the stales. WHAT CONOR ESS B/B ALREADY DONE. Nothing could bo further from the truth. Congress has already fixed the time for tb *t*ioo lion* f nioiutiorfl of coigresi. It has declared that vou*Mf*r member.* of congress must be by written or printed ballot. It ha* provided for tie* appointment by the circuit courts in certain ruse-*, ad upon the petition of a certain num b**r of citizens, of election aupci visors and made It their duty t > s'*i-erv.H the registration of voters conducted by tne stale officers, to chal* huge p thous offering to register, to personally inspect and scrutinize the registry list*, and to affix th**lr names to the lists for the purpose of identification and the prevention ot frauds, to attend at election* and remain with the boxes until the votes are all cant and counted, to alta h to the registry lists an 1 electio i returns any -tafement toucu lug the accuracy and fairness of the registry 1 and election, and to tnku and transmit to the clerk of the h use of Kspreseatatives any evi d ric *of fraudulent practic**s which may be presented t j the/n. The same lav provi ie* for the apnointment of “deputy United States marshals to att *nd at the poll , support the sup .rvisors in the discharge of their duties and to arrest pers ms violating the election laws. ALREADY COMPLIED WITH. The provisions of tins familiar title of the Revis' and Statutes nave been put into exercise by both the great politic and pai tie*, and in the nortti u* well as in the south, by the filing with t * court of the petition required by t e law. It i* not. t * re ore. a quest! n whether wo shall have n federal el chon law, for we now h .ve one, and have had for nearly twenty years, b it wi.eiher we shall have an sffectlve law. Tue present la v stops just short of effectiveness, for it sur ra nd *rs to the I'.cal aurii ri i.*s all control over th • certification which cstaL.Dhes the prm&a facie right t<> a Beat tn the II -use of Repre sentative*. This dt*f ct should te cured. Kquality of representation and the purity of the *l * tors mu <t i>e immta n<* J, or everything that i* valuable iu our system of government !• lost. The qualificat.on of an elector must sought in tn<* law, not in the opin.on*. preju dices or fear* of any class, however powerful. Tae path of the elector to the ballot-box must be free fr an the ambush of fear an i the ealice ineuts of fra id, au t the count so true aud open that none sba 1 gaiusa it. Such a aw should be a'solut ly n-n partisan mid im partial. It sh ml 1 give the advantage to honesty and the control to tbe majorities SECTIONALISM DENIED. Rarely then* is nothing sectional about this creed, and if it shall hap|ien that the penal*- tics ot s law intend*i to enforce these right* ltd I hern ami n*t t e it is not be cause th* law i sectional, not l*-caar*j happily crime ii I<m3al aud no unlvi-rsal, nor sh<uld It a) forgotten that every law, whether relatin' to elections or to any otner subject, whether enacted by the state or by the nation, has force behind it. The courts, tne marshal or 9