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The name of the writer should accompany
t . letter or article, not necessarily for
] . ;nation, but as an evidence of good
faith.
Questions and communications relative
to agricultural and horticultural subjects,
if addressed to Agri. Editor, Drawer N,
Milledgeville, Ga., will receive immediate
attention.
Write Us!
I'he invitation extended heretofore to
tin* practical farmers and gardeners who
road the Morning News (and especially
the weekly edition), we beg to say, isstill
operative. We shall be glad to receive
long communications and short ones. A
useful suggestion or a valuable fact is
welcomed even on a postal card. In fact
w e prize such exceedingly. Gratify us by
a continuance of your favors. Honestly,
it is your duty to co-operate with us.
Help us to solve the problem that con
fronts the southern farmer. Our legisla
tors are attempting to solve the great
question of finance. The farmers have
(to them) a still greater one to solve. Let
us confer together: let us discuss calmly
and intelligently the plans for the future.
Let there be a free interchange of opinion
and suggestion among the members of the
' News Farmers Club.” Send communi
cations (and questions) direct to the
agricultural editor, as given at the head
of the first column. We trust this invita
tion will not have been extended in vain.
Free Literature—Several Recent Pub
lications.
From the Georgia experimental station
(It. J. Redding, director, Experiment,
Georgia,) we have bulletin No. 21, some
twenty pages, the subjects treated being:
‘ Practical Dairying,” “Dehorning Cat
tle.” “Feed Formulas,” “Experiments
with Oats.” In early issues we will pre
sent some extracts from the bulletin;
but every intelligent farmer in the state
should apply for these bulletins and get
the benofit of their teachings.
From the Ohio experimental station
(Charles E. Thorne, director, Wooster,
0.,) we have No. 49, thirty-three pages,
which prespits some “Experiments with
Commercial Fertilizers” on com, wheat
andats, It is instructive.
No. sof volume sof Insect Life is on
our table. It is needless to say
that it is interesting and
gives valuable information, not
only to the amateur entomologist, but also
to the practical farmer and gardener. AU
interested in the study of insects can
secure this vniutthlc entomological maga
zine by making application to the Secre
tary of Agriculture at Washington. 'Die
number under notice contains an ex
-1 austi' e index of the live numbers of the
present volume, a glance at wjiich will
show how extended the investigations
have beer.
The Lot..sana experiment station has
just issued part 2of the geological sur
vey of Ixniisana. It is entitled the “Hills
of Louisana.” and is the work of Otto
i*ereh, Ph. D., the state geologist. It is
doubtless true that this bulletin will only
interest scientific readers (100 pages).
How to Make a Lawn Front Yard.
My front yard, an irrigation fiat, con
tains about one-tenth of an acre. I wish
to make a lawn as pretty and as soon as
possible. How shall I proceed?
The quickest, but the most expensive
w ay. is to hire a man and team to fur
nish you with sod of Bermuda grass, if
you can procure the sod in a reasonable
distance from your lot. flare the sod
laid evenly on lawn that has been well
plowed and harrowed or raked, applying
snme fertilizer if the soil is not rich.
Tramp the grass down firmly. This gives a
la" n right away. All you have to do is to
pull away any weeds that spring up in
the grass. If you are inclined to wait
a \ car or two a lawn of Bermuda can be
made more cheaply by planting cut
tincs of the grass roots on soil that has
beoi] wi ll prepared and running a roller
ovir it after the planting. layoff slight
furrows every 12 or 15 inches and about
t" '> or three inches deep. Strew the root
cuttings (along thickly in the furrows,
ci it w ith a rake and roll. A barrel can
I- used as a roller if no regular roller is
u: hand. Hoe or rake between the rows
Eu ,st 0 exterminate all extraneous
growth as much as possible and then
push the growth of the grass. We pre-
Si.iue you will be satisfied with a Ber
m;: la grass lawn, for there is nothing
prettier if well made and well kept.
1,1 li 'C spring after vigorous growth has
M .’ a top dressingof eight or ten pounds
ll ' nitrate of soda (or its equivalent) will
mi tie 'grass a booming along. Be silre
. “''T 'he weeds down,even if they have
10 be pulled out.
® ean Seed, Preserving from Weevil.
I have saved quite a quantity of bean
s ' (wax and valentine and butter
1 would like to preserve them until
spring. How is the best way to
manage them? year 1 saved a small
<i entity and lost nearly all of them by
the weevil. H. E. C.
xpose the beans to the sun, and while
si i a put them in jars or a tight barrel,
'in cans witji dose eovors. In the
“ lu ‘ of either vessel place a 3-ounce vial
1 ' i'cntine with a looseqjaper stopper to
‘ ,' ov er the vessels tightly and allow to
■ m the sun or near the stove. The
• ' s of the turpentine will stifle the
' ' rvo weevil. Bi-sulphide of carbon
'’e used, but it is more dangerous
in , v, twc believe not more effective than
i, ‘ r Pentine. Keep the seeds iu a dry
{ " e ; famine them at intervals during
ti I an< * winter. If by any means
‘ • should absorb any moisture during
~ " U K spell of wet weather, spread out
ie sun and in putting back iu the ves
’ renew the turpentine if it should ap
i il i necessary,
- ' xas Blue Grass -Johnson Grass.
i he best time to put out blue grass sets
. 1 (>l 'tober, as it gives the grass a bet
' lant ' e to get a start on all spontano
- eiowth. but transplanting can be done
D '''hruary. While the blue grass will
,V i*i 7 ® Ul '<*ed on the bottom soil, it is
civ.. there are grasses that will
■n-ju IriC j n ' Pasture or more hay than it
K ~r ' °hnson grass is such a grass,
ci " acre well set in this splendid
ou ld be a valuable adjunct to the
one-horse farm Five would render a
one-horse farm independent as to forage
Bur Clover.
Several correspondents asking about
bur clover are referred to the last issue
of the Mounino News, which gives the
address of parties having seed for sale.
Mr Ben Jones of Milledgovllle, Ga , is a
large grower of bur clover, and can in all
probability supply seeds. We should ad
vise the use of 5 bushels of seed per
acre to iusure a good stand without de
lay.
How to Grow Mushrooms.
The cultivation of mushrooms is at
tracting a great deal of attention in tills
country at the present time, and there is
no doubt they will be more extensively
grown when their peculiarities are better
understood, says Thomas Gridin, a New
York market gardener. Like everything
else, it is very easy to grow them when
you know how.
A man may be able to grow mushrooms
and mfiy prepare his beds all right, but if
the spawn should be of inferior quality
all the trouble he has taken will be lost;
so it is very essential that he should work
very carefully and do everything in the
best possible manner to attain success.
There are sevaral places where mush
rooms can be grdwn where it would not
be )>ossible to grow anything else, for in
stance, under the benches of greenhouses
when the temperature does not exceed
00 degrees, or even in cold pits outside
where the frost does net reach them.
In the latter case the beds must be made
up not later than October or it would be
too cold for the spawn to run. For my
self, I do not think there is a better place
than a cellar, and that is where we grow
them here. The cellar should not he less
than seven feet deep, which gives plenty
of room for two beds deep. The beds
should not be wider than four or five feet,
which enables us to pick them withont
breaking the young ones. A pathway
should he left between each line of beds,
for emptying and refilling them, not less
three feet wide vHde. If there is no heat
there should be sufficient pipe put in to
keep a temperature of 60 degrees in the
coldest weather. Of course, a cellar does
not require the pipe of a greenhouse as it
is so much more protected from the
weather, end the less fire heat used the
etter for the mushrooms, for they grow
much more sturdy, and consequently
weigh heavier when they are grown with
out it.
Manure should be procured as fresh
from the stablds as possible and should
have the longest straw shaken from it.
We procure ours from the city by the
carload and have very good success with
it. The manure should be thrown into
ridges about three feet high and four feet
wide, and be turned over thoroughly and
well shaken up every two or three days;
it should not be let turn white and if it
gets dry it should be moistened, but it
must not be saturated by heavy rains or
other causes. An open shed is a good
place to turn it in, but it can be turned
outside and covered up from heavy rains.
The chief thing is to get the rank smell
out of it, for mushrooms will not grow in
anything that is foul. In about two or
three weeks it will be ready for making
up into beds. These should be about ten
inches deep. Some growers mix about
one-fourth soil with manure, but, as a
general thing, I have not had such good
success with that mixture. I think it
may be more satisfactorily used for beds
that are made up about September when
the weather is warm, for it certainly
prevents the manure from getting very
hot.
In about a week the beds should be ex
amined to ascertain if they are fit for
spawning. If the temperature should be
above 90 degrees, with a tendency to rise
higher, the bed is too warm, and should be
left a few days longer. At the same
time, particular notice should be taken
that the beds are not getting too dry; if
that should happen they should be turned
over and moistened and made up again.
When the temperature has gone down to
about 85 degrees the beds can be spawned
English brick spawn I consider the best;
pieces should be broken up about two
inches square and inserted about two
inches deep; the whole should be well
beaten together. I omitted to say the
beds should be made very firm before
spawning. In about ten days ora fortnight
the beds will require to be covered with
soil, but that will depend upon the tem
perature they are in. If it be not above
70 degrees the soil can be put on to a
depth of oue inch and beaten on firmly.
It should be just moist enough to stick to
gether when pressed with the hand. The
manure for making the beds should be
in the same condition as regards moist
ure.
They should now have a light covering
of litter or hay to prevent evaporation,
for they must not be allowed to become
dry. in about six weeks the mushrooms
should begin to appear. Sometimes they
come quicker than that. Keep now an
even temperature of about 58 degrees;
this I consider the best for them. If you
have occasion to use fire heat you will
need to dampen the walls and paths occa
sionally, for mushrooms dislike a dry at
‘mosphere. The beds will continue to
bear for two months if made up right
and properly attended to.
The mushrooms should be pulled up and
not cut off. for if the roots are left they
decay and kill the spawn around.
Should the beds require watering it
should be done very carefully and lightly,
for too much water will be certain to kill
the Spawn. Ventilation should be given
very carefully; they dislike draughts;
even a slight covering of hay makes a
great difference to them in helping keep
it off. They should be cut when the frill
begins to break: before they get open
wide. They then weigh the heaviest, be
sides selling the test, though some people
prefer them for broiling when they are
very large.
The new mushroom, Agaricus subrufes
cens, does not seem adapted for winter
culture. I think it is a summer variety.
The spawn of it seems to run very readi
ly in tfio beds; those that were spawned
last December are just full of spawn run
ning in ail directions, but as yet have do
veloped no mushrooms. I think it will
take the heat of summer to bring them
out. It is different from A. campestris
and time will tell whether it will be a
profitable variety; I am going to make
up bids outside shortly and test its mer
its thoroughly.
Successful Farming.
Success includes profits, and therefore
successful farming means more 'than
growing large crops. It means growing
the crops, live-stock, etc., for which the
best prices ato realized. It takes some
foresight to determine what these are
from year to yeai;,. Therefore the success
ful farmer must be a good reader, a con
stant reader and thinker; skilled and
practiced in these so that by his knowl
edge of the past conditions he can reason
out the future. The weather predictions
for twenty-four hours in advance are pre
dicted on the direction the wind
is blowiug at given points; its
velocity, atmospheric pressure, state
of the barometer and thermometer
in given localities. When these condi
tions were so many years and times be
fore. such and such kinds of weather oc
curred at this and that point. It takes
intelligent and patient application to de
termine these weather futures. And so
it is with the intelligent and reading
farmer. His papers and literature bring
to him the varied conditions of produc
tion, trade and -prices, supply and de
mand, in all quarters. He must study
and familiarize himself with all these,
not for a day, a week, or a year, but con
stantly all his life, if he hopes for success.
The battle of life is a mental one as well
as physical. It must be kept up constantly
in both fields to make life successful.
THE MOUSING NEWS: MONDAY; SEPTEMBER 4,
Coming down to practical thins*, one
has very clearly said that it is very clear
to one who studies the drift of things just
now that the most successful farmer will
be the one who change* hi* system to
meet the changed condition of demands
for his products, and, as far as his eir
cutnstauces will [termit. to produce those
special crons that sell most easily ami are
most easily grown. Thus the most suc
cessful farmers of the present time are
those who rear market, pigs, lamb. ixiul
try. or fine dairy stock; grow i>otatoes,
celery, small fruits, or hav; make fine
butter or fancy cheese; produce milk or
cream for sale, and who in their special
ways supply demands for single products
that meet with ready and profitable
stiles.
This system has become so common and
successful that there are localities where
nothing liut one special product is culti
vated, as potatoes, onions, celery, poultry
villages, fruit plantations, dairies congre
gated around a cheese factory or a cream
ery, flocks of lambs only near good ship
ping points, and this special farming is
made all the more possible by excellent
facilities for cheap transportation. Celery
is sent all over the south from Indiana and
Michigan: hay goes the same way 1.000
miles; onions are sent from New York
and Ohio all over, the country and to for
eign lands; watermelons from Georgia go
all over the north : peaches from Dela
ware and Maryland, and the earliest ones
from Central Georgia, find purchasers
everywhere; and so it is all through the
list of most important products. And the
time has come when this method must be
followed by every farmer who may have
the facilities for production or transporta
tion. There is no risk of overdoing it,
the consumption is always ahead of pro
duction and always will be in such cases
as require skilled management.
The above remarks, extracted from the
Indiana Farmer, though addressed chiefly
to farmers of the northern section of the
country, are replete with suggestion to
farmers of the south also. Our farmers,
must select somo “side crop to which
he will give more than ordinary atten
tion and make of it a money crop. Some
will choose melons, others Irish potatoes,
others cabbages; some pork, some mut
ton, some butter, some beef, many hay;
others sugar cane, others ground-peas
and so on. It is practical, the thing can
be done. Can it not?
Spinach “Greens.”
There is no plant grown for “greens,”
so-called, fti at is superior to spinach.
For this purrwse the most commonly
grown plants, in our section, are collards,
mustard, turnips and kale, but no culti
vated taste will chose any of these in
preference to spinach. It is second only
to asparagus, it matters not how many
other plants may be enumerated as suita
ble for the purpose of boiling—and be
sides those already mentioned there may
be named, dandelions, beet sprouts, let
tuce, celery, and somo others of like
character. •
There are a few plants that are culti
vated in gfirdens as hardy as spinach.
Repeated freezing and thawing of the
soil may cause it to be destroyed now
and then during January in our latitude,
but we hav®rarely had it injured in this
section. Sow early, so as to allow the
roots to get a firm hold on the soil before
severe weather occurs. It is less likely
to be hurt by freezes than oats sown at
the same time. To get the full value of a
sowing of spinach it should be sown as
early Id October as possible. This is the
best iqonth for sowing the main crop,
but if seasons occur a sowing made in
September on rich, thoroughly prepared
land will give an early crop of greens for
November and December use. Asa mar
ket crop, however, we believe the sales
that meet the March and early April de
mands for fresh, young greens are usual
ly the most satisfactory. The October
sowings generally bring the crop Just in
the nick of time to meet the renewed
craving for something fresh and green.
This craving seems to become intensified
about that time. Other vegetables meet
shis want previous to Christmas, but tho
January freezes generally destroy the
plants that afforded the winter
greens, and a month or two's abstinence
creates a demand for something fresh
and different. This demand spinach can
supply in March and April better than
anything else, and is a far more delicate
dish than any of the others usually grown
for this purpose. Though a tedious crop
to gather compared with some others, it
brings a much higher price per jiouud iu
city markets, and many market gar
deners near tho cities find the spinach
crop one of the most profitable that they
can grow.
Spinach must have rich land. It is a
waste of time and patience to sow on any
other and expect a satisfactory crop. If
tho land is not naturally rich it must be
liberally supplied with good com [lost pre
vious to planting the crop. Very inferior
land can be enriched in the drill in such a
manner as to make it produce very fine
crops.
The Scrap Book.
The Western Farmer tells us that dur
ing the hot weather it is a good idea to
examine the axles of the wagons and bug
gies every day. A few drops of oil will
save the horses a great deal of unneces
sary work. There is no easier way of
“pushing behind,” than by means of a
few drops of castor oil. Oil is cheaper
than muscles.
The compound recommended by the
Bureau of Animal Industry of the Na
tional Department of Agriculture, to pre
vent horn-growth in the calves is as fol
lows: Fifty parts of caustic soda, 25
parts of kerosene, and 25 parts of water.
Make an emulsion of the kerosene and
soda by heating and vigorously stirring,
and then dissolving in water Place in a
bottle with a rubber cork. Clip the hair
from around the embryo horn, then drop
two or three drops eff the mixture on the
siot, and rub it thoroughly with the rub
ber cork. Go over each horn two or three
times hut do not let the application run
over the other part of the skin.
Probably some of your readers have
cabbage or turnip patches attacked by
the Harlequin bug (Strachia histrionic),
says a writer in the Tennessee Farmer.
Heretofore hand-picking has been tho
only effective way to get rid of the
mouse-colored rascals; and if this work
is not done upon the first appearance of
the bugs it is almost impossible to get
rid of thflfen. Let your friends try the
following: (Chemopdium anthelminti
cum) “Jerusalem oak,” or “worm seed,
as it is commonly called. A dozen tender
stems, six or eight inches long, with thin
leaves, to a gallon of water. Boil a few
minutes. Apply to the infected plant.
with a spray, or ordinary fine rose
sprinkler. Ask your subscribers who i rs \
this plan to report results.
As you ask for an article on sheep, and
as sheep is one of my hobbies, I thdugbt I
would give you some of my experience.
When a boy of about 9 or 10 yorrs a
neighbor gave me a couple of lamb*,
which I raised with the bottle. Mary
could not nave, thought more of her lamb
than 1 did of my I have been a
lover of sheep ever since. My little flock
of two increased in a few years to a flock
of twenty, and then I commenced to ct.il
out some of the oldest, and replace them
with my best ewe lambs. I have since
kept about that number yearly, with
both pleasure and profit. At present am
running on the Southdown. I like them
for their easy keeping qualities. They
will keep fat on good pasture, or clover
hay without grain. What makes a pret
tier domestic picture than a flock of nice
sheep grazing? To make them useful as
well as ornamental, J turn them on* the
lawn as mowers for a day or two every
few weeks. I tried the experiment of
curing some mutton with the same pro
cess as for bee{, and we pronounce it
first-class. I have two permanent pas
tures. The grass improves from year to
I year, a* the cultivated grasses w 04% out,
| natural grasses grow. Am an advocate
I of sheen manure: have applied it on the
orchard, the truck patch and all crop*
with the best results. - Ex.
GAMES AT THEGREAf FAIR.
The Midway Plaisance Proves that
Mankind Is One Grand Brotherhood.
It Is Clear That Many of Our Games
Are Very Old -Catty Goes a Long
Way Back How the Burmese Play
Ball -Curling Stones Excite a Good
Deal of Curiosity—Specimens of
Chess, Dice, Tops
From the Baltimore American.
Chicago, Aug. 81. —The fair teaches the
observer many, many instructive lessons,
but probably none on more frequent oc
casions or more impressively than that
all human creatures are members of ono
great family. Whilst they may differ in
complexion, customs and manners, just as
the members of a small household, with
a common parentage and she same sur
roundings differ in appearances, intellect,
tastes and other qualities, there is a
family resemblance indicative of the great
brotherhood. This is seen whet her study
ing the peoples of the Plaisance, from the
mild and sociable little Javanese to tho
barbaric and warlike Dahomeyaus, from
the thick-headed Soudanese to the most
intellectual Caucasian, or in tracing the
progress of civilization as presented to
the numerous exhibits, and looked
at from a broad view, the differences in
life and its aims between those who in
habited the east conturies ago or the un
civilized nations of to-day, and the en
lightened people of the present time are
not as groat as may be supposed. Such
conclusions are forcibly impressed upon
many visitors to the fair repeatedly. The
anthropological exhibits indicate that
such is the case, probably, in a more com
prehensive way than elsewhere Some
thing has already been said on this sub
ject. Tn one section, devoted to the dis
play of the exhibits referred to, illustra
tive of the customs and life of man in va
rious nations and ages, there is a collec
tion which shows that man from the
earliest times in history found time for
amusement, and not only that, but that
many of the games which serve as pastime
for the sire as well as the child of to-day
were practiced by other people centuries
ago.
in a long line of showcases in the An
thropological building is the collection of
games, including those of all ares and
nations which those in charge, tyere en
abled to obtain, as well as games of to
day. In the classification amusements of
similar tendency or , common method
have been grouped together, thus bring
ing those of early days in comparison
with those of modern times. One can
thus note, for instance, the origin and
progress of dice or other forms of gamb
ling ; wonder over the antiquity of some
of the pastimes of this day : and besides,
the collection might offer many sugges
tions for the introduction of new or for
gotten means of pustime iu this country
CATTY IS VERY OLD.
The small boy who indulges in tho
pleasant pastimes of tip-oat or catty, as it
is termed in Maryland, as well as he who
played it decades ago, Is no doubt igno
rant of the fact that tho identical gajne
was played centuries before Christ, and
that what he considers distinctively an
American game is played in several ori
ental countries, from whom it was ob
tained by Caucasians. In the collection
is a specimen discovered by Mr. Flinder
Petrie which is said to prove that tip-ent
was played in ancient Egypt, the speci
men indicating a period of twenty-four
hundred years before Christ, the game
being of great antiquity and of very wide
geographical distribution. It is played
in Persia, India, China, Japan, Burmah,
so that au American in traveling in these
and some other oriental countries, even
though not understanding a word of any
other language but his own, could most
likely enjoy a little of this pastime with
the natives, though lie would he unable
to quarrel over the technical points or
other questions In dispute.
TUE BURMESE HALL GAME.
If the modern game of football, as
played by professionals of this decade, is
practiced by any other nation, tho fact
has not boen discovered, but football
without the “prize ring” results is played
in other country. The Burmese have a
game which affords physical oxercise, de
velops a certain kind of skill, and is, at
the same time, a pleasant pastime. The
ball used is a little larger tnau the ordi
nary baseball, and is made of bamboo
wicker-work, consequently being very
light. The players form a oircle, each
one standing about five or six feet from
his neighbor. One of the players starts tho
ball with a kick towards one of his neigh
bors. who keeps it dancing up and down
in the air for some minutes without
touching it with his hands or allowing it
to fall upon the ground. The knees, el
bows, feet, head and shoulders arc all
brought into play. After tho first player
has “shown off” for a time, he kicks the
ball to the next man, or sometimes sends
it into space in the middle of the players.
The player, at times, catches the ball be
tween his heels, then throws it up so as
to catch it on somo other part of the
body, catching it on the knee, elbow, sole
of foot or shoulders.
CURLING STONES.
Hundreds of visitors unfamiliar with
games, except those most common iu the
localities in which they live, whilst in
specting exhibits in the British section,
in the galleries of tho department of lib
eral arts, have oomo across a collection
of nicely-rounded granite stones, with a
handle somewhat similar to that which
adorns that useful article known as tho
tailor's goose, and have wondered and
guessed as to the uses made of these
stones. The exhibitor did his share, after
informing the visitor by placards that
the display was made up of “curling
stones,” and that he made tho best curl
ing stones. As the maker himself had
said that his were the best, and he must
know, the visitor took it for granted that
what he said was undoubtedly true,
since exhibitors would not —they never
do—claim that their wares were
tho best unless such was absolutely the
case. The uninitiated observer, however,
d)d not worry over the quality of the
goods, but wanted to know “what they
were good for,’’ and the term “curling
stones” tended to puzzle him more than
liefore, although he frequently satisfied
himself by inferring that the stones were
used in curling large quantities of hair or
other material, the shape of the handles
adding to his conviction that the stones
were heated and used, to some extent,
like the aforementioned goose. Many a
man and woman has left the fair with a
wrong impression of the uses of curling
stones. Those who visit the anthropo
logical building and stop to examine thq
collection of games will see curling stones
in the cases devoted to games, and will be
come enlightened as to their uses.
They learn from an accompanying ex
planation that the stones are employed in
curling, a game common to Scotland, and
which has been introduced into Canada
and the United States, the name being
derived, it is said, from the German word
“Kurzweil.” game or amusement. The
method is also described, the game being
played on ice with the flattish round
stones, resembling somewhat a round
loaf of bread, though of better shape aud
symmetry. The stones are about nine I
inches in diameter, and weigh from I
thirty to fifty pounds. Each player has a •
pair, and the principal object in the game
is to hurl the stone* along the lee towards
a fixed mark with proper strength and
]uwiion and “on the skill displayed in
Placing their own stone* in inferable po
sition, or in driving rival stone* out of
favorable positions. ' the explanation
State* “flsoondx *ll the Interest in the
game.” The same authority sa.v* that
the keenness displayed by rival sides in
competing for victory is perhaps without
a parallel in any other pastime. The
game is played in Chicago, and the curl
ing club of this cltf has sent with tho
paraphernalia a collection of trophies
worn in contests played every winter in
the northwest.
CHESS.
The section devoted to chess indicates
in part the universality of tho game.
Japanese chess differs from all other
games of chess in having the men all of
ono color, and the same pieces serve for
the player and his adversary. The pieces
are punt-shape blocks of wood of differ
ent sizes, lying flat on the board, and not
upright. Any piece taken up may be en
tered by the adversary on any vacant
place he chooses, and tit any time he
thinks it desirable to enter it. Tlio board
has eighty-one cells, all of one color.
The Chinese chess is played upon a pa
per board consisting of two halves each
eight squares by four, which abo sepa
rated from each other by a river,the width
of which is equal to one square, thus
forming one move for the pawn aud a half
move for the upright. The pieces are
placed not in the center of the squares,
nut at tho intersection of tho lines, so
that there are nine tiion in a line, instead
of eight.
BICE, CARDS, ETC.
The evolution of dice and playing cards
is illustrated quite thoroughly, dice—
which, it is claimed, wore used about 500
B. C. —being exhibited. Knuckle bones of
sheep are the accredited originals of dice,
and these knuckle bones are still used by
boys in Egypt and other oriental coun
tries, but they now seem to prefer mar
bles. Here, too, is shown that playiag
cards were evolved from dice. The most
extensive display of playing cards is made
by the Italian. Numorous patterns of
cards made in Florence and Venice during
the last two centuries are displayed. A
monograph in the exhibit says that Co
lumbus carried cards with him on his
first voyage, and that the sailors usod
them constantly during their leisure m
ments until they became convinced that
the cards were responsible for the length
of their voyage, and other evils which had
befallen them.
Tne Chinese have a large display of
games, and whilst many are of the class
intended mainly for diversion, it includes
many forms of straight gambling; but the
games of the other nations—civilized,
half-civilized and barbaric—leave no
doubt that there is an element among all
of thorn which seeks by such means to se
cure another’s gold. Many of the Chinese
games of pastime are in tho form of wire
puzzles.
Tops with iron plugs are no doubt mod
ern, that is, the insertion of the tmg is an
improvement of comparatively recent
years, but if the inscriptions on the col
lection of tops are to be believed, the lit
tle cones were spun by Egyptian boys five
thousand years ago, as some of them were
taken from a grave, the hieroglyphics on
which were interpreted to indicate that
the burial occurred about 2,800 years be
fore Cnrist, and others were found in an
aucient grave near Ancon, Peru.
CHARLES A. DANA.
As He Appears in the Eyes of Henry
Watterson.
From tho Louisville Courier Journal.
Charles Anderson Dana has just turned
the coAter of his 75th birthday, and, as
he went spinning around the angle of the
wall, like a boy with a base ball club on
his way to the field, he reminded those
who saw him rather of a Harvard under
graduate than a septagenarian, who was
a leader of thought half a century ago.
Mr. Dana is the most remarkable of
living Americans. Easily the first jour
nalist of the time, he is a contradiction of
of all rule and usage, physical, intellectu
al and political. There is no risk he has
not taken with success, no convention he
has not defied with impunity. Tho one
thing he cannot be is to be dull.
A scholar, philosopher and critic, the
most genial and hospitable of hospitable
hosts, thw club laid aside and the wit
mellowed into the poet and artist, this
great journalist and statesman disarms
the opposition even of the most hostile by
the glow of his personality and the
splendor of his accomplishments.
it is related that on a certain occasion,
whcnAheSun was lashing Gan. Grant
and his friends to the top of its bent, one
of these, the late Senator Carpenter, of
Wisconsin, himself a most brilliant man,
was induced by a ffiutuai friend to call
with him u|ion the Boanerges of the New
York press. Half an hour was passed
most agreeably, and whon the tw o had
taken tlp-ir leave and descended to the
street below, Carpenter stopped and said
in a half-musing way: “Well, well! And
that is Charles A. Dana! Why, who in
the—-edits the New York Sun?”
For two the fashionable lady kept the
draper exmDltipe hts goods, and at the end of
that period she sweetly asked: Are you
quite sure you have shown me everything you
have? No, madam,” said the draper with
an Insinuating smile. “1 have yet an old ac
count in my ledger which I shall very gladly
show you. Tit- Bits.
BAKERS COCOA. '
untiice the Dulcli Process
Qfi, No Alkalies
Other Chemicals
vSw 7aro n9ed the
preparation of
CWi W. BAKEIt & CO.’S
I IlßreakfastCocoa
Jfl i ']-T\ which in absolutely
HI I IJTT Vi pure and soluble.
KM i | A "i \fj\lihismorethanthrectimei
bl pc ■ll the itrength of Coen* mixed
cSdL. ' it" tis with Starch, Arrowroot or
Sugar, Soil Is far more eco
nomical, easting less lhan one cent a cup.
It is delicious, nourishing, and easily
JSIOESTKD.*
Sold by Grocers everywhere.
W. BAKER & CO.. Dorchester. Mass.
J SHOES.
W. L. DOUGLAS
S3 SHOE hoWp.
Do you wear them? When next In need try a pair.
Best in the world.
#s.oo><**%*3.oo
#4.00,4$ \*2so
*3.50 Iff' StSrt?L?°
*2.50 rliTo?
*2.25 % jM *1.75
If you want a fine DRESS SHOE, made in the latest
Styles, don’t pay $6 to SB, try my $3, $3.50, $4.000r
$5 Shoe, They fit equal to custom made and look and
wear as well. If you wish to economize In your footwear,
do so by purchasing W. L. Douglas Shoes, Name and
iprico stamped on the bottom, lock for It when you buy.
IV- ~ .. "old by i
1 YCK Bit OS., and E. S. BVCK & CO.
PEARLINE.
Enough
Pearline
/ j j Iff If _/ \ \ \ lias been sold to put a
/(I /\ \ \ girdle of it round
If T-—v '" v^r"‘ —\ ' 1 about the earth, and
I \ \i- ■■ ( Ia good deal over.
1 i \ 11 V / I Hundreds of millions
\ \ \ Ii / ac k a gc:s, > n the last
'V ' \ | J / / fifteen years, have made
\ 'UI / L / / washing easy for mi^-
/S' ions of different women.
This suggests a question
—to the timid women who
/~~7/ think that because Pearline saves so much
( // work it must do some harm. Could Pearl
f If ine have been sold and used in this way and
/ // for this time, if it were dangerous? And
another, addressed to all women: Isn’t it better
/ \ to be sure with Pearline, the original wash-
I J i n g compound, which has been thus proved,
vC/ rather than to risk, it with some imitation about
which you know nothing.
J Peddlers and some unscrupulous grocers will tell you “ this is as good
OCllu as” or " the sfcme as Pearline.” IT’S FALSE —Pearline is never
yx | peddled, and if your grocer sends you something in place of
•• K Pearlhre, he honest— send it back. 375 JAMES PYLE, N. Y.
HOUSE FURNISHINGS.
LINDSAY & MORGAN
Have moved back to their old stand,
Broughton and Barnard.
Parties wishing to purchase Fur
niture or Carpets will do well to
call and see them.-
MACHINERY. _ CASTING^
KEHOE’S I RON WORKS,
IRON AND BRASS FOUNDERS, MACHINISTS. BLACKSMITHS AND BOILERMAK
ERS, ENGINES, BOILERS AND MACHINERY, SHAFTING, PULLEYS, ETC.
Special attention to Repair Work. Estimates promptly lurnishei Broughton street
rom Reynolds to Randolph streets. Telephone 268.
educational.
NEWBERRY COLLEGE
NEWBERRY, S. C.
3Mh session opeus Oct. 8,18 ST Classical,
Scientific arid Philosophical courses Efficient
preparatory department, business depart
ment. Fix pease for 9 months session 118-1 to
$l5O. Address President G. W. HOLLAND.
ITnlll Sept. 12 I will lie In Savanpuh Persons'
wishing in center with reference to attending
college will find me at 200 Broughton street.
JL VV HOLLAND.
PATRICK MILITARY INSTITUTE,
ANDERSON, S. C.
A MILITARY Boarding School. Sixteenth
annual session opens Sopt. 12. Full corps
of experienced tea hers. HeMlthy location.
Social and religious lnffitenero good. Rates
reasonable. Apply for catalogue.
COL. JOHN B PATRICK, Snpt.
LUCY COBB INSTITUTE,
ATHENS, Grt.
The exercises of this school will be resumed
September 14th. 1R93.
Miss M RUTHERFORD,
- Principal.
ST. MARY'S SCHOOL FOR GIRLS,
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA.
rpHE advent teem of tho fitly second school
1 year will begin Sept. 21. 1*9.1 Special at
tention paid to Physical Culture and Hygiene.
Address the rector,
Ret U. SMEDES. A M.
HOCKVILLK ACADEMY FOR HOYS,
Rockville, Md . opens September 13:
thirty minutes from Washington; terms
moderate. For catalogue address W. P. MA
SON, U. S. N. A, Principal
SOUTH CAROLINA MILITARY ACADEMY,
• €HAKLENTON, S. V.
I )URELY military institution. Established
I nod raaAintulncjd by the state. Terms a
ynar, payable in throe equal installments.
(Covers every e*pense.) Academic year 1K93-
94 begin* Oct. t. ’93. For further information
address Commanding Officer, Citadel, Charles
ton, S. C.
LAW SCHOOL
WASHINGTON axdI.EE UNI VERSITT,
I .ex i noton, Virginia.
Optnß Kept. 14. For catalogue nddrea*
JOHN RANDOLPH TUCKER, Deaia
Virginia College for Young Ladies
Roanoke, va. opens sept, u, iww.
Magni’lcent new buildings, among the
finest in the South. All modern Improve
ments Campus tun acres: grand mountain
genery; in valley of Virginia, famed for
health European and American teachers.
Full course. Music, Art, all branches (in<yt
celled. One of the most beautiful and attrac
tive college homes In the South For cata
logue uddress the president, W. A. HARRIS,
D. D., Roanoke, Va.
VIRGINIA MILITARY INSTITUTE,
IaKXINGTON, VA.
66th Your State Military, Scientific and TechnioaJ
School. Thoroneh Couraefl in general and applied
Chcmiitry, and m En*ine#nnir Confer* degree of
graduate in Academic Coarse, alee degree* of Bartow
Tor of Bcienr and Civil f-ninoer in Technical
Conraes All eipenaa. includiur clothinf and inci
dental*. proide<i at the rata of $96.60 par month as
an nvmuj? for tha font yaars,
Cadate report Sept lit. Gil. SCOTT SHIPP. Snpt.
VIRGINIA FEMALE INSTITUTE,
STAUNTON, VA.
Mbs. Qxs. J, E. B STUART, Principal.
The next session of nine months opens
Kept. 14 with a full corps of Ruperlortearh-rn.
Terms reasonable. Applv early. Catalogues
sent upon application to the principal.
NORFOLK ACADEMY.
A school for Boys and Young Men. Send
for catalogue
ROBERT W. TUVSTAM,, B. A.,
(Un. of Va.). Principal. Norfolk, Va.
NOTRE DAME OF MARYLAND.
Collegiate Institute for Young Undies and
Preparatory School for Little Girls, conduc
ted uy the .-school Sisters of Notre L)ame.
EMBLA, P. 0.. near Baltimore. Md.
\I r ANTED, merchants to try the benedtsof
It advertising in the One cent a word'
columns of the Morning News It will cer
taluly pay
HOTELS.
Complete Hotel.
Tho Tourlutn* Redort.
The Drum mem* llonitt
Comfortable, Convenient.
Special Hated to Hummer Hoarders.
CHARLES F. ORAHAM, Proprietor.
The Morrison House .
/"'IENTKAJ.IiY located on line of street care,
offers pleasant south rooms with excel
lent board at moderate prices. Sewerage and
vontilation perfect. The sanitary condition
of the house Is of tho best. Corner Itroughtoa
and Drayton streets. Savannah. Ga
HARDWARE.
HARDWARE,
liar. Band and Hoop Iron,
WAGON MATERIAL,
Navaf Stones SuDDfies.
FOR SALE BY
EDWARD LOVELL’S SONS
166 I3UOCBHTON AMD 138-140 STAT* St*.
PAINTS *>lß OILS. .
JOHN G. BUTLER,
Headquarters for Plain and Decorative Wall
Paper, Palhts, Oil, White Leads, Varnish,
Glass, KAUroad and Steamboat Supplier
Sashes, Ddbrs, Blinds and Builders’ Hard
ware, Calcined Plaster, Cement and Hair.
SOLE AGENTS FBK LADD'S LIME.
140 Congress street nd 136 St. Julian street
Savannah. Georgia.
STABLES.
PULASKI HOUSE STABLES,
.138 strict 1-40 Bryan St.
ELEGANT LANDAUS, VICTORIAS. H
CARTS, BUGGIES and SAD
DLE HORSES.
E. C. GLEASON.
Telephone No. IK
PORTLAND CEMENT,
Tin Plate for Roofing,
FOK SALE BY
C. M. GILBERT & CO.,
IMPORTERS.
NEW YORK HOTELS.
UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT,
==s ORIENTAL HOTELs^H
BROADWAY AND 39th ST., NEW YORK.
EUROPEAN PLAN.
100 rooms, $1 and upwards. 60 suites, con
sisting of Parlor, Bedroom, Bath and Toilet
Rooms. W. T. PAGE.
Formerly manager Scmmole Hotel. Winter
Park. Florida.
HOTEL LAFAYETTEsSfMvi
cated <yrectly on the beach. All modern im
provements. First-class in all its appoint
ments. JOHN TRACY A CO.
5