Newspaper Page Text
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„- e solicit articles for this department.
_ uame of ttie writer should accompany
tho etter or article, not necessarily for
publication, but as an evidence of good
faith-
ou e S tibns and communications relative
to agricultural and horticultural subjects,
w addressed to Agri. Editor, Drawer N,
Milledgeviile, Ga., wUI receive immediate
attention.
Ivory or Brazilian Wheat.
Editor Morning News: Seeing in your
oo umns reference to Ivory or Brazilian
wheat, I am anxious to know more about
ft will you please tell me how it is
ctowd what is its value and if I could
procure seed of it and at what price?
Burnt Hills, N. . E. A.
The Ivory wheat referred to is a vari
tv of s.r’■hum and altogether different
aim ordinary wheat. It is tender, and
“ be planted only in the spring or sum
mer it does yield immensely when
drilled in three or four-foot rows and a
ulan’ left every twelve or lifteen inches
In the row. livery poultry raiser should
erow it hater we will give the address
of someone who has the seed for sale.
The small grain is very much like wheat
and in rich land with good culture will.
,-ieid anywhere from 50 to 100 bushels of
arai’i and besides an immense quantity
of leaf and stalk that is relished by cat
tie Some ten years ago it was very ex
tensively grown in Georgia, but we see
few or no advertisements of the seed of
late You might write to W. B. Jones’
Sons, Herndon. (Burke county) Ga., and
J. H. Alexander Seed Company, Augusta,
Ga.
Heifer Out of Condition.
Editor Morning News: Will you kindly
answer in the next issue of News, agri
cultural column, the following, and greatly
oblige a subscriber?
1. 1 have a genuine Holstein heifer that
has been in pasture several months, and
when I went to see how she was a few
days back I found her very poor
in l!esh. She was very fat and
health good when put in pasture.
She has what I am told is “wolves” in
her hack near her backbone, on each side
of it. They are boles half size of end of
your little linger, and look like they were
sores. Out appear to go through the hide
and are full of something that looks like
small brown eggs. She does not like to
have them touched, as they appear to
hurt her when touched, and have been told
they have lots to do with making her
poor, and will keep her so until got r;d of.
Can you tell me what is the matter with
her and what I can do to
cure her? She has no appetite,
but seems well otherwise. What
is the differce if any between the Hols
tein and Holstein-Frisian cow? If
any difference which is the best? What
should a regisiered Holstein or Hols
tein-Frisian male cost, 5 months old, of
32-quart mother? Can you tell me what
it will cost and where I can register a
Holstein heifer and a Jersey male and
what it will cost each? 2.What is the best
book land cost of same) on agriculture
for a perfectly new’ beginner that knows
nothing of the business? Most books I
have seen are for iarmers, but do not tell
the beginner the first steps about plowing
1 and cultivating but leap too far at first,
n hat 1 want is tho A B C of grain, pas
ture and truck farming. J. S. O.
if-ply It is quite likely that the gad
ny has attacked the heifer in such num
bers as to worry her into the'condition
that you found her in, but -it would be
uiipossiolc to say with any degree of ac
curacy what is the real trouble. There
tray be some poisonous weed or shrub
growth in the pasture, of which sho may
have eaten. But if there was plenty of
gcoi pasture grass and plenty of pure
water, if is possible that the “wolves”
lave caused it. Take her out of the pas
ture for awhile. Get some vaseline, into
which mix a few drops of carbolic acid,
an i rub the back thoroughly, rubbing it
’ c any openings that can be found,
one her a talilespoonful Salt daily with
? tcaspo mful snip' u•. Do this
0! a we ■ , feeuiug her good
V aim 50,,.,, orun. There is no ili.,erence
‘‘■ui.,. between the Holstein and Holstein
risian. y o u should get a very good
“yc oi her months at ikiO. We‘cannot
t* < a; this instance the address of Hol
trau and Jersey Club records, but will
sh '", , iem U P and mail you the address
.uti.y auu also the cost of register,
fc!, !’ e is no book that covers the whole
‘oof southern agriculture, but there are
-Omf 00 ' 1 .., Wol ' ks on gardening, viz:
ucmi-r s Truck Farming,” and “White’s
wraenuier tnr the south,” both of which
mr,* u ?. ,Bll od by the Orange Judd Com-
Pan.. New York.
off'*i Jest way 10 acquire a knowledge
cur' , ni ' nL ' ls t 0 subscribe to several of
fi nn ,, U! st southern farm journals—the
. .. urn 1-arm and Southern Cultivator,
tad theN*v!i ta ’ Ga ' ) ’ aod coatinue t 0
What Truck Farming WUI Do.
K Toole, writing in the Macon Tele
' i i. siys: “ldo not believe that we
..i depend so much upon factories for
employment of our laboring people.
. e work in a factory, wore a situation
'- to them. What is there, then, that
with trur ' c raising to give
mot .:,■.H |,l^, san * aud Protitable enjo.v
!es , Hi,‘ hu "He of both sexes and of all
th a 't , , , re are quite a number of things
on V '••'••'•ate ana refined lady might do
Hcki. s y. l K ,urtn -. to great protit, too.
could i „ , aa S cs ’ allies, preserves, catsups,
bran,, tx e and sol d under her own
cu; vatic M strawberry, raspberry aud
uni!, 1 i" 'daekberry patches might be
handiim, er s,iec ' al supervision. The
■ ure,? > ? ,n ®’ cratia alld K cn ‘
mark,.l' of vegetables for
and ,-i j, mid tail to the lot of old men
lau, r ‘ " , n ’ while the cultivation nnd
by ti , l be work could be done
the, un ?. and vigorous members of
t N° w I contend that there is
path . , " favored for a large and
right"'.,. ' in this line than that
tb.x l md Macon. The business iu
v;,around Norfork, Va.. Nash-
Vi . u . i . Charleston, S. C., and 8s-
Wh ■ ’ si ls simply immense, and
th>- i,, . Ilyl Pnceause some otw started
0 i.... I* paid, he kept it up
th 4 and thus it grew, until
tan.,.; -mucus at the points I have
itets ;l . “* important to tliose mar
bmv 1 01 ton crops to Macon.
It aj |\ r Jl> ‘-'an have the truck business
s ■ aud remunerative extent as
either of these cities and not lessen her
cotton receipts one bale. When I state
that we have a section well adapted
to the growth of vegetables as the ones I
have named, it is because I have visited i
three of them, and two of them I know as 1
well as Macon. Our lands are as fertile,
cau be easily watered and are all accessi
ble to railroads. That it will pav here I
can prove by those who have tried it. I
have the testimony of one of our best citi
zens, who. while merchandising, has also
been engaged in growing truck for a num
ber of years. He informs me that his
place nets him STO per acre annually. The
people of Chattanooga, Nashville, Cincin
nati, Indianapolis, and other cities, are
just as fond of early peas, beans, cucum
bers, squashes, tomatoes, potatoes and all
other vegetables as we are, and as xve get
them on the market from three to five
weeks earlier, we can market a large crop
of vegetables in time to make a good crop
from the samo and corn, sweet pota
toes and many other crops. This busi
ness, properly started, intelligently pur
sued, will give employment to a large
number of unproductive citizens. Will
improve our soil by the gardener's open
ing a bank account with his land and de
positing something to draw on. By the
railroads having a largely increased
freight truffle. Our section will come
into notice as soon as a few cars of choice
early vegetables reach a northern or west
ern market. Buyers - and commission
house solicitors will flock here. Canning
factories and pickle works will spring up.
Would you like to know the volume of
business done m this line around Savan
nah? Then write a line of inquiry to the
agent of the Ocean Steamship Company,
Savannah, Ga., and ask how many
packages of vegetables they carry
each season from that port. Maj.
C. M. Kyals; a large truck grower of
Chatham county, makes an annual profit
of SIO,OOO on vegetables. The main points
iu making the truck business profitable
are to raise early crops and of sufficient
quantity to attract buyers, or to ship in
car load lots and get benefit of low freight
and rapid transit. To ship in new and
attractive packages. Never ship vegeta
bles in old grease barrels or dingy soap or
cracker boxes. Consign as little as possi
ble. Ship on orders. Sell straight out or
send a salesman to some good market to
handle your products. Macon ought to
make her initial car load shipments this
year, and next season we should have
1,000 care of vegetables shipped from
Macon, which would bring back to our
people about half a million dollars. I
would suggest the formation of a truck
growers’ association. We ought not to
wait for other people to come here to
show us what to to do with our land. Let
us show them what it will do, and then
they will be sure to want some just like
it. One thing we can claim for our sec
tion which is of inestimable importance,
a sure crop. Caterpillar, drought, frost,
grasshoppers, floods nor any other dis
aster ever knocks Georgia out of a crop.
Some time it may be a little short, but
never a total failure. So m the truck
business if cabbage fail turnips will suc
ceed, if the peas are short the beans may
be plenty, or if the price of oue be low
the other will bring up the average. We
can easily open a market for our sweet
potatoes and sell them the year round to
net us a better price than we are getting
in home markets. Three thousand acres
in truck gardens will give employment to
1.000 Idle people. Here is an enterprise
requiring only a small investment and
will do much good in many ways. Think,
investigate, act.
I
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An Incubator and a Brooder Wanted.
Can you or any of your readers recom
mend an incubator of reliable make?
What will one cost? and what will be
the cost of a brooder?
An auswer through the News is re
quested. Wire Grass Reader.
There are so many incubators on the
market we cannot say which is the best,
livery poultry journal contains a dozen
advertisements of various makes. Per
haps seme of our readers can give
some information to Wire Grass Reader.
Seeds Wanted.
We have several calls for the following
seeds:
Ivory or Brazillian wheat.
Wonderful pea.
Artichokes.
We would advise those having these
for sale to advertise them.
J. R. B. will accept reply to Mr. E. S.
as covering his case.
The Wonderful Pea.
I see an advertisement in your agri
cultural columns of the Wonderful pea
that is raised by a Florida farmer. Will
you he so kind as to let me know this
farmer’s address? M. E. S.
It was an article we think you saw,
and not an advertisement. We cannot
give .you the address of the writer. If
any of our readers have seed of the “Won
derful Pea’’ and wish to sfeli them they
should advertise them at once. Later,
however, we will help our correspondent
to secure the seeds, if he does not find
them advertised in a few weeks.
Cotton Sc-ei Hulls for Stock.
In an experiment made at the Texas
station with cotton seed hulls fed to
, steers the experiment indicated that
hulls had a higher nutritive value than
corn silage. In another experiment at
I the same station (B. 10) the addition of
j silage to a ration of cotton seed meal
and hulls increased the total grain, but
I did not change the cost of grain per
| pound. As compared with hulls, steers
fed on silage gained 2.54 pounds per
j day and on hulls 2.20 pounds, cotton seed
meal being added to each case. The cost
of food per 100 pounds of gain with hulls
at ill and silage at $2 per ton, was $3.83 on
silage ana #3.730n hulls, indicating that
siiage causes a more rapid but a more ex
pensive gain than hulls. The addition of
hay to a ration of cotton seed meal and
hull increased the total gain and also in
creased the cost per pound of gain. A
halt pint of molasses per day caused an
increased consumption of cotton seed
meal and hulls, and consequently a more
rapid gain.
Fertilizers.
There are certain facts concerning the
three valuable ingredients of plant food
nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash
which should oe understood by all farm
ers who expect to succeed with fertili
zers, says an exchange:
Nitrosren is tho most costly element of
plant food and losses from fertilizers are
often due to extravagant and injudicious
use of nitrogen.
Expenses for nitrogen may be reduced
bv practicing green manuring; that is, by
Planting Clover, peas or vetches, which
have the property of absorbing nitrogen
from the air. Green manuring pays nest
on light soils, but is of no benetiton peaty
Phosphoric acid and potash, though
present in nearly all soils, are for the
most part insoluble, and therefore in un
available condition. Small quanlities of
these mineral plant foods are annually
dissolved by soil water and plant acids,
hut not enough to supply the plant roots
suthcieusly with nourishment t or this
reason phosphoric acid and potash
must be aduod to the soil if a full crop is
Nitrogen must be applied during the
growing season at the time when needed
hv\he plants, and it is well to apply it a
a top dressing. Nitrogen is apt to leach
out with the soil water,
Phosphoric acid and potash are best
applied some weeks before pluutinga crop
and should be plowed under. I here is
THE MORNING NEWS: MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5. 1891.
little danger of leaching from these min
eral fertilizers.
Kainit is the proper form of potash for
sandy soils, as it makes them more com
pact; f or stilf soils muriate and sulphate
of potash are host.
Potash is especially valuable for fruits,
tobacco, potatoes and vegetables of all
kinds.
Sandy and lime stone soils nearly
always need potash. Clay soils some
times contain suißcient potash and again
they do not; this should bo ascertained
by experiments.
Origin of Turkeys.
Among the luxuries belonging to the
high condition of civilization exhibited
by the Mexican nation at the time of the
Spanish canquest was the possession by
Montezuma of one of the most extensive
zoological gardens on record, says the
Washington •‘Star.” It embraced nearly
all the animals of that country, with
others—brought at great cost from dis
tances. It is stated by historians that
turkeys—called by the Spanish adventur
ers "a kind of peacock''—were furnished
in large numbers as food to the beasts of
prey in the emperor's menagerie. At
that time the bird had been domesticated
and reared in Mexico for hundreds of
years. It was carried by the Spaniards to
the West Indies, whence it was taken to
Europe early in the sixteenth century.
Before long it became in Europe highly
appreciated for its flavor. Being known
to be of foreign origin, a report gained
ground that the fowl had been obtained
from Turkey, that being a region little
known in Western Europe. In this way
it obtained the name by which it has
since oeen designated. People coming to
the United States from Europe brought
this Mexican fowl to the United States,
and tlie progeny of the stock thus im
ported and fetched back to tho continent
whence it was originally derived furn
ishes .vankee tables to-day. In fact, the
contemporary turkey of the barnyard did
not belong here originally. It is not
derived from the wild turkey of the
United States, with dark meat on the
breast and other differences plainly dis
tinguishable. On the other hand the
wild Mexican turkey lias white meat on
the breast and resembles our tame turkey
in all other points There are two species
of wild turkey in North America. One is
confined to the eastern and southern parts
of the United States, which is quite an
other species, while the other ii native to
the Ifock.v mountains, parts of Texas,
New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and ex
tends along eastern Mexico southward.
Zoologists were a long time finding this
out, being puzzled meanwhile to account
for the marked differences in color and
habits between the wild and domestic
birds of the country. That a dark
meated fowl should acquire white meat
through domestication would seem in
deed surprising. In this wild state tho
Mexican turkey derives its nourishment
from plants and insects, scratching with
its feet for fool. It is very shy. The
birds live in families like wild geese,
keeping sentinels on the watch when the
flock is feeding. They are so heavy that
they are not fond of taking flight, but the
swiftest dog can not overtake them in
running. The female lays from three to
twelve roundish, red-spotted eggs, and
hatches them out in thirty days. In Yu
catan and Northern Guatemala this bird
is replaced by a third species, less in size,
but more striking in appearance, the tail
having spots somewhat like the "eyes” in
the tail of a peacock.
Cassava.
There has been a good deal of mislead
ing and exaggerated matter published as
to this crop, and there has been as a re
sult some disappointment on the part of
persons testing it, says the Farmer and
Fruit Grower. There is no probability
that it will ever become so general a crop
as tho sweet potato, because It has not
such a many-sided value. It is probably
more valuable, acre for acre, for stock
feed than sweet potatoes, but for human
use it is practically worthless; that is, it is
so much less bandy and palatable than
this esculent that not one in a thousand
will ever care to grow it for the table.
The seed is more difficult to save than
that of the sweet potato; it is so liable to
mold and sour during the winter, or even
after it has been planted, if tho weather
is not propitious. It is of slow growth
and needs a long season in which to de
velop l’s enormous tubers. These facts
make it a precarious crop to handle in the
ilatwools, but in dry, sandy or well
drained lands, it will doubtless give bet
ter satisfaction and be less precarious to
keep and to plant.
To the careful and intelligent farmer it
is well worth while to grow a half acre
or an acreof it, on account of its immense
yield and its superior excellence as a feed
lor milch cows, poultry and pigs. It will,
with average cows, produce from 5 to 15
per cent, more milk than the same weight
of tweet potatoes; we know this from
personal experience. For poultry it is a
convenient form of feed for six or eight
months of the year. Simply thrust a
crowbar under the center of the hill and
lift up; the tough strings will
draw most of the long tubers to
the surface and the hens will
do the rest. They will return to them a
dozen times a day, scratching and peck
ing. getting at the same time a good egg
malting feed, and tho exercise which is
needed to make hens do their best in lay
ing.
In flacwoods, or other damp lands, the
seed should not be planted until the
ground is warm enough to make it sprout
at once; otherwise it may sour and rot.
On average land it may be planted in hills
four or nve feet apart each way; on
strong land, further apart, up to seven
feet. Rich, mellow land will give best
results; the tubers cannot fully expand
in a hard soil.
Mineral Manures for Fruit Trees.
Tho groat increase of fungus blight of
various kinds on all kinds of vegetation,
and especially on that of fruit trees, is a
most significant fact, says the American
Cultivator. It indicates that a wide
change has been made in the conditions of
fruit growing. The most important
point is how we can best restore oi l con
ditions and make the growing of fruit
successful as it used to be. That insects
are more numerous than formerly is true;
but various insecticides give the fruit
grower the power to combat these. With
the fungus diseases the trouble is that
they prevail worst in very wet weather,
and as their remedies are applied in liquid
form they are wasned away before they
can have much erteet. If it is possible to
have a prevention of fungus aiseases, that
will prove much better than any cure.
What were the early conditions under
which fruit growing was nearly always a
success? The soil was porous, open to air
and moisture, acd it was rich in both ni
trogemous and mineral plant food. The
nitrogenhtius - fertilizers are. we think,
less needed for growing than is generally
supposed. They, at least, are not a renw
edy lor lungus, for their effect is to set up
fermentation in the soil, and thus create
the conditions in which fungi most thrive.
In practice it is found that applications of
barnyard manure, the mostcommon nitro
genous fertilizer, increase the ten
dency to blights and mildew
on the apple and grape, and to
the disease known as yellows in the
peach. Mineral fertilizers have precisely
the opposite effect, especially in the case
of potash. Large applications of potash
in excess of the amount usually needed
were for a time thought to be a remedy
for yehows. The truth seems to be that
the lack o? potash is the prime cause of
the yellows, though whore the disease
has been established It will spread to
trees that are abundantly supplied with
this mineral. If there had never been
any lack of potash where peach trees are
grown the yellows would never have ap
peared.
Few appreciate how large a drain of
potash is required to perfect ? wlsrs, leaves
and the seeds of fruits. This mineral is
far more abundant in oach of these than
it is in the trunk of the trees. The leaves
and fruit aro grown every year, and since
trio country has been cleared of forests the
winds blow away the leaves from under
the trees where they were grown, in the
forest most of the potash required for the
growth of twigs and loaves is each year
returned to the soil from which it. was
taken. After the forest was cleared the
land was usually cultivated a number of
years with grain and grass crops before
it was planted with fruit trees. As soon
as these fruit trees began to bear there
was an immense increase in the amount
of potash to be taken from a partially
depleted soil, and without the yearly
supply of forest leaves that in their de
cay might furnish it. Is it any wonder
that plants expected to furnish a yearly
growth of leaves aud fruit without the
mineral plant food necessary to do so be
come weakly, and, like the human sys
tem when debilitated, easily overcome by
disease?
All the carbonaceous material of woo l,
as of other vegetation, comes fro:ij the
carbonic acid gas in the air. But it is
appropriated through the loaves, and
these need a considerable amount of
potash. The fruits, and especially the
seeds, need ffioth potash and phos
phate. The chief use of carbon in
the soil is by its decay to give off
carbonic acid gas that will keep the min
eral plant food in condition for use. If
the soil contains an excess of vegetable
matter it leads to largo growth of leaf
and wood, but not a healthy growth nor
one that tends to fruitfulness. We see
this condition in what are called “sap
sprouts,” caused by the concentration of
growth on too small a number of buds.
The prevention of most of the blights
and fungus diseases of fruit trees is to be
found in giving them more mineral ma
nures i and less from the stables and
barnyard. This will not cure the disease
after it has made its appearance, but after
we have destroyed the fungus by free use
of fungicide, the application of mineral
fertilizers in large amounts will do much
to keep the trees healthy and to make
them fruitful.
LOOKING TOWARDS THE SOUTH.
Information in Respect to Georgia
Soil and Labor Wanted.
Detroit, Mich., Jan. 29.—Agricultural
Editor Morning News: My son is a sub
scriber to your paper, and we have be
come so interested in the favorable re
ports from the agricultural columns of
your valuable paper that we are, together
with three other of our farmer friends,
strongly contemplating removing to some
one of the southern states for the purpose
of going into the farming and fruit busi
ness. The question we are considering
now, and one of vital interest to us, is
that of procuring farm labor. We have
seen in the Atlanta Weekly Constitution
that the negroes, particularly those who
have grown up since the war. are no good
to work; also that there is a strong effort
now being made to get these people to
emigrate to some other country. If tho
above statements are facts, what
are we going to do for farm
labor and help? Individually I place
but little reliance on the success
of this immigration move, but if there is
a good deal of trouble in getting the ne
gro to work on the farm it would, as a
matter of course, have a stroug influence
against taking up fanning as a business
in the south, but mysetl aud friends havo
got this southern farm fever to such an
extent that I have been requested to
write to you aud to aSk (if cpt inepnjiia
tant witn youf rulSsffLwdlnterest) what,
if any trouble there is in getting farm
labor; also what is the usual pa.v per
month or day for good farm hands in
Georgia and Alabama, more particularly
in Georgia, as that is the state we i on
template going to; also are, northern peo
ple subject to any acclimation, sic kness
in going to Georgia to live? The favor
able letters in your last week’s paper
have interested us so that we should be
highly pleased to read through your agri
cultural columns, the editor's opinion and
answers to the questions we have asked.
George E. McCui.by,
Detroit, Mich.
In reply to our correspondent we can
inform him that he can get just as good
common labor anywhere in Georgia to
day, as he can get anywhere. There are
plenty of middle-aged bladk laborers in
Georgia that will do the work that Mr.
McOulby will want done. No labor will
do the best without the eye of the master.
There may beo some emigration of
negroes from Georgia, but it will be grad
ual, and it will probably be some time
before there is any perceptible diminu
tion of them in Georgia. You need not
fear to come to any partof Georgia on the
score of health. With proper prudence
you will live here loqgor, probably, than
you would in Michigan. You will
get “acclimated” without knowing it.
We are quite sure thousands of
people from your section, and further
west will ultimately come to Georgia and
other southern states. Stock raising and
fruit growing are to be greatly magnified
in this section. Our lands aje cheap,
and such as are not still fertile, are eas
ily made so by devoting to bermuda grass
and clover for a period. Land can be
bought anywhere from $2 to $lO per acre
that will make remunerative crops of
everything grown in our climate. South
Georgia is increasing her tobacco area.
We trust that our correspondent with his
friends will find a haven in Georgia, be
fore many months. We shall be gld to
aid him, as we may be able to do so. Our
labor is better in Georgia probably than
in any other southern state.
Do the Best You Can.
v The editor of the Prairie Farmer very
correctly advises to do your best, whether
times are hard or easy. The mao who
gives up in the face of difficulties is not
the kind of man the world needs, either
at farming or any other occupation. The
man who throws up his hands and erics
"beat” in the first onset has little of the
soldierly quality in him that is needed to
make a manly man. Times are hard and
prices low-. But why make thorn harder
by standing around and complaining, and
wondering whether it will pay one best
to go ahead and sow our usual crop of
wheat or sit still and do nothing and let
things go from bad to worse. A few
years back our vineyard men here
thought they were ou the straight road
to fortune. Their vines grew and pro
duced wonderfully, and their fruit, going
into the northern markets in July and
August, brought good prices. Any sort ■
of grape would sell if early, and they
planted large quantities of the worthless
Champion and the Ives. But growers
here and further south began to plant
betier sorts, and the market became more
critical. Then the rot came, and the easy
SIOO profit per acre was no more for the ,
careless growor. Some gave up and let 1
their vineyards run wild, hut s>iine were
made of sterner stuff, and redoubled their
efforts. They studied the methods of
fighting tho black rot. and sprayed their
vineyards. They cut down the unsaleable
Champion and Ives, and grafted the
stumps with Niagaras and Delawares.
The past summer was again a season of
low prices, and the common black grapes
have not paid for shipping, but a few
careful men who have alwaya produced a
fine quality of the beat kina of grapes
are getting their reward.
One of these, aml the most careful of
the lot. a man who is actively engaged in
the city as a merchant, has round time to
beat ail the rest in hU grapes. His ship
ments of choice Delawares to Boston
brought him good prices, and before the
close of the season a Boston firm sent
him an order for all tho Delawares he
had remaining at 15 cents per pound. I
hare never seen a better illustration of
the value of persistent growing of the
best. Common black grapes have for
seme time been absolutely unsaleable at
prices that would pay for the basket.
The gentleman mentioned not only sells
hir Delawares at a good price, but gets
sale for Coneorris by reason of their extra
quality* while inferior Concords are low
in price. This is only one illustration of
the fact that it is always the man who
persists in the face of difficulties who
succeeds. While it was all smooth sail
ing in grape growing around Raleigh,
vineyards multiplied. But now- is the time
for the “survival, of the fittest," and
in the future, North Carolina grajies are
going to take a higher rank in the market,
because the growers will be the most in
telligent and plucky, and will know that
only a good article will pay. It is diffi
culty that always brings out the best
qualities of mankind. If Scotland had
possessed a genial, sunny climate, and a
soil of rank fertility, would we ever have
seen the grand race of Scotch gardeners
that havo made such a marked impres
sion upon tho horticultural work of the
world? By no means. It was owing to
the fact that in their inhospitable clime
and soil only the highest skill could
succeed, added to the sturdy perse
verance of the Gaelic blood, that
has put the. Scot in the van of
botanical investigation and horticultu
ral achievement the world over. The
same rule will apply to every department
of soil culture It is not the (german far
mers in the valleys of Pennsylvania and
Virginia that are silting down and wring
ing their hands in despair. They know
that success comes by continual effort
and skillful farming, and they gather
around them everything their soil
will produce, and have big
barns and comfortable stock, and have
plenty to cat and no mortgages to cat
them up. It is the one-crop farmer who
feels the pinch. In the south, it is the cot
ton farmer, who belongs to the town mer
chant and pays an enormous price for the
supplies he ought to raise, growing only
cotton, because his master, the merchant,
will not advance him money on anything
else. When times were easy, and cotton
brought a good price, he could pay the
merchant his big profits and still live, but
with cotton down, and no cash capital of
his own, he grows cotton at too big a cost.
There are men who can grow cotton at a
margin, even at present prices, but they
are the men who havo been farmers in
stead of planters, who have never been
slaves to the merchant, who raise their
own supplies aud have a reserve force in
them that will carry them through difficul
ties that swamp others If the low price of
cotton continues, theruleot the "survival
of the fittest" will leave these men to
grow the cotton, while the mortgaged
"croppers" will be compelled to go under,
and hire their services to tliose who havo
capital in the business. We are not sure
that this result will not be the best thing
for our southern aerie ultimo.
A great part of the distress now so
prevalent has come from tho fact that
there is such a multitnde of men growing
cotton on capital borrowed at an enor
mous interest. There will he fodml here
aud there, even among this class, men
who will grapple manfully with the diffi
culties around them, who will decrease
their cotton .area, raise food crops and
study systematic farming. These men
will slowly accumulate capital, and
finally become independent of tho money
lender, while the untrained, bookless
class will go under, to be hewers of
wood and drawers of water for the men
who cannot be overcome by dif
ficulties, but rise superior when the day
of trial comes. But it is not the cotton
planter alone in the south who feels the
pressure of a false farming system. The
growers of the famous Carolina Gold
Leaf tobacco, too, are feeling it. The
flush times with them are passing away,
and greater efforts and more diversified
farming must hereafter be the rule with
those who succeed. But they will suc
ceed eventually, as tho cotton farmers
will, by improving their farming. Flush
times and easy profits in a single crop
never made the best farmers, nor tho
most permanently prosperous community.
In the face of difficulties manhood comes
to the front, and the country is the gainer
in the end. Hard times cannot be per
manent in our glorious climate, and the
manhood of the south will surely triumph
gloriously. To be sure!
The Scarlet Clematis.
Clematises of all kinds delight every
one when in bloom, the large flowered
ones of their gorgeous display, and the
small flowered ones for their delicate
beauty. But it remains to be said that to
many porsons they are unsatisfactory.
Not becayse of anything connected with
their blooming, but because tho vines
seem to disappear to such an extent that
many renewals have to be made, it is
true that they do disappear, but this is
wholly because their thin, but perfectly
sound stems are broken off. cut off or the
plants pulled up by mistake. Hundreds
of clematises disappear in this way. The
thin, wire-like stems should be tied to
a stake or something ail the time, that no
one can make the excuse of not seeing it.
to account for its having been destroyed.
a few years ago, when the scarlet clem
atis was introduced from Texas,
a great deal of doubt of its color was
expressed, as such a color was quite un
known here at that time. Ami then
there was a doubt as to its tardiness,
coming as it did from a state so much
warmer than ours. Those who planted
them at that time in spite of the doubt,
have been congratulating themselves
ever since on their good lortune in pos
sessing such a vine. It differs very much
in shape and size of flower from the large
ones of the Jackmanni type, bearing
small, bright scarlet, rather bell-shaped
ones, which do not expand so fully as the
others do. This kind differs, too, in being
herbaceous. It dies to the ground in the
fall, sprouting vigoroususl.v again when
spring comes. These herbaceous sorts
get stronger every year and make a dense
summer growth, but do not run up so
high as those do which keep their stems
alive all winter. Where a vine of pretty
foliage is required, to bloom freely, as
this scarlet flowered clematis does, there
is nothing better to get than this, for
there is no othher hardy vlnec.’ the
character of this one.
"Why do you use such peculiar terms’”
asked a lawyer's wife of her husband,
who had returned home worn out by his
day'slabor. "1 don’t sec how you could
have been working all day like a horse.”
"W’eli, nty dear.” ho replied, "I've been
di-uwing a conveyance all day. Isn't
that working like a horse?—Green Bag.
Wilbur climbed up on his father’s lap
the other night and gazed earnestly at his
face. “ ‘Tain’t true," he said. ‘‘What
isn’t true?" his father asked. Mrs.
Watkins said baby had your nose,” said
he. "an’ he hasn't. You’ve got it
yourso'f.”—Harper's Young People.
fWeak
Kidneys
Sharp, shooting pains,
back ache, side ache,
chest pains and palpi
tation relieved in One
Minute by the Ctm
cuka Anti-Pain Pias
ter, the first and only
pain-killing plaster. It
restores vitaltlretricity,
and hence cures ner*
/r vous pains and mus
, cular weakness.
Price: sc,: five, si,oo. At all drug(iitcr \*y
buiJ, JVrut Dbug amu Chiu. Lou., Ikaiotu
PEARUNE.
When you’re Rubbing’
over your washboard, in that painful,
/ / old-fashioned way, these are some of
u'yxTt/S your positions. Just try these
\f motions, up and down, without the
') i tub. That will prove bow hard
/ 1 they are. ’* Then try Pearlinc’3
If hTTtt rrffrll way of washing.
P ]IT I -Ll J.iJiVT/ I hat will prove’ how needless
and absurd they are. Without
the washboard and the rubbing on it, and without bend
ing over the wash-tub or bobbing up and down over
it—you save the wear to your clothes and the work for
your back. That’s Pearlinc'a way. Directions on every
package.
Cp n /-) When peddlers or unscrupulous grocers tell you “ this is as good
OCIIU. as" or “the same as I’earline,” IT’S FALSE—Pearline is never
FI 1 peddled, and if your grocer sends you something in place of
DEC K rearline, be honest— send it back. 390 JAMES PYLE, N.Y.
SHOES.
L. DOUGLAS
OU ftp GENUINI
iff ObiVE WELT.
wHL' Squcakless, Bottom Waterproof. Pest Shoe sold at the priai
£9 lIASB, 84 and $3.60 Dress Shoo
nIsT I \SL S3 * 50 Pone® Shoo, 3 Soles.
$2.60, and 82 Shoes,
’i licit IlongolA, Stylish, I’erfeo
\'t*n!k Fitting and Mervloeable.liea
U'-'TtflC? 1C TUT TX— \ qk * n the world. All Styles
LnJHD Id Inc rIPCT A— \ Insist upon hnvlng W. L
ng Douglas Shoes. Nam*
“i-. * dHOb _ and price stamped oi
For Sale by BYCK BROSand E, S. BYCK & GO.
HOUSE FUHNiSHINGS.
Columbia Catalogues.
Are you interested in BICYCLES? If so,
come and get one of those interesting catalogues sent
out by the Columbia people.
They are marvels of beauty, and so are their
wheels.
We have still a few more of those cheap Boys’
Wheels. Pneumatic Tires, $35; former price SSO. Cusjf
ion Tires, $18; regular price $25.
LINDSAY & MORGAN.
" 1 1 ll ' l ' ' ■■■'■■! . —' '■■■—"■ .■■"——PPM
HOTELS.
HOTEL PONCE DE LEON;
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA.,
Casiuo, Russian and Turkish Baths now op.
O- D. SLAVEY, Manoxsr.
NOVELTY IRON WORKS.
g JOHN ROUKKE & SON,
Iron and Brass Foundura and
machlnlcta, Ulackamltlia dfc Uollarmakura.
THE SAMSON SUGAR MILLS AND PANS.
DEALERS IN
STEAM ENGINES, INJECTOKS, STEAM AND WATER FITTING*
CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED—ESTIMATES GIVEN.
He*. 2, 4 and 6 Bay and I, 2,3, 4, B and 6 Rluar
SAVANNAH, GA,
IRON FOUNDERS.
McDonough & b a llantyneT
IRON FOUNDERS,
Machinists, Blacksmiths & Boiler Makers.
Also manufacturer, of Stationary and Portable Engine,. Vertioal and Top-running Cent
Mill,. Sug >r Mill, and Pan, iluve also on hand ana for .tale cheap one 10 boras
Portal4o . nglne also, oue 3J, one 40 and one lbO-borse Power stationary Engine. All orders
promptly attended to.
ft
MACHINERY, CASTINGS. ETC.
KEHOE’S IRON \AN)IRKS,
IRON AND BRASS FOUNDERS. MACHINISTS, BLACKSMITHS AND BOILERMA*.
ERS, ENGINES, HOIEEKS AND MACHINERY, SHAFTING, PULLEYS, ETC.
Special attention to Repair Work. Eilimatei promptly furnished. Broujhton etre*'
from Reynolds to Randplph streets. Telephone 268.
--' —— ?••••••
MEDICAL.
THE KEELEY INSTITUTE I
( I If CORFU RATED.)
FOR THE CURE OF LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE, COCAINE, TOBACCO and CIGARETTE HABITS
Endorsed by the United States Government.
For information address Koeley Institutes,
Correspondence strictly confidential. ATLANTA, GA. and AUCUSTA, CA.
HARDWARE.
hardware;
Bar, Band and Hoop Iron,
WAGON MATERIAL,
Navaf Stores SuDDfies.
FOP SALE BY
EDWARD LOVELL'S SONS
l uiiocobtob Ao U$ l 0 biAza am ~
PEAS.
POTATOES.
Conulne Soed.
Virginia Second Crop Early Rose, Crcn
Jewel, Bliss' Triumph, Etc.
Konlton (Maine) Early Rose. Burbank
Table Potato, . Truck Baskets. Hay, Grata
Feed. Fruits. Vegetables aud Produce.
W. D. SIMKINS.
OLD NEWSPAPERS, ZOO (or t 6 cento, at
Unamess utfice Morning News
5