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The name of the writer should accompany
t v e letter or article, not necessarily for
publication, but as an evidence of good
faith-
Questions and communications relative
to agricultural and horticultural subjects,
if addressed to Agri. Editor, Drawer N\
Villedgeville, Ga., will receive immediate
mention.
Late Turnips—Clover.
A correspondent in Burke county
writes that he has been prevented from
sowing turnips at the time ho usually
sows-namely, in August and early Sep
tember. He asks if sowing the last of
September or tho first week in October
are likely to prove of any value to him.
in reply ol ‘ r experience has been that
in thrie years out of five turnips properly
sown and cultured the last of Scptem
birare more than likely to give satisfac
tion. Of course they will not make the
hree yield that the early sown would.
But if the winter should prove
porrnal and the soil is properly thrown to
the roots along in November, or early in
December in his latitude a very good crop
of turnips should be made even with
such late sowing, if J. B. will adopt
our suggestion he will sow some crimson
clover with these turnips (twenty pounds
of seed, say >. if the turnips should fail the
clover vvili pay well for all the trouble.
Bur clover would also do.
Asparagus Growing-.
T want to start an asparagus bed. When
is the best time to plant out. spring or
fall’ What variety would be best to
plant and what will plants cost per 100.’
Where can I get good plants?
R. B. C.
In your latitude (Southern Georgia)
you can set out plants any time from No
vember to March, but as a rule the earlier
in the winter tho better it will be. You
can buy either one or two-year-old plants
and then is not much difference in the
price. Asa general thing, however, it is
best to buy one-year-old plants, but some
growers prefer the two-year-old. We are
not prepared to say which really is the
best. *******
The “Palmetto,” or “Conovers Colos
sal' either are pood enough, though
there are a dozen different named sorts.
There is no need for having anv sort grow
larger than the middle finger, though
under high culture it oan be made to grow
to a she much larger than this.
We eti.oy asparagus when it is not
any larger than a "pipe Aspara
gus larger than your finger is not specially
desirable that we can see.
Nearly ali salesmen sell the roots, still
there are some who make the sale of roots
moreof a specialty than others, and these
sell them at much lower prices than
many others who sell altogether on com
mission.
We know of no better place from which
plants can he obtained than the Rogers
nurseries, Moorestown, N. J. One and
tuo-year-old plants are listed at £2 to *4
per 1,000. Plants can also be had from
southern growers, but not so cheaply we
beiieve.
Alfalfa and Bur Clover.
Please let mo know the proper time to
xw alfalfa or lucern, and where can I
procure the seeds?
’Ahere can I get seeds of bur clover?
Valdosta, Ga. A. H. L.
In your latitude the best time to sow
erne is from Oct. 1 to Nov. 15, the
earlier the better.
You can procure seedsofitfromJ.il.
Alexander Cos.. Augusta, Ga., or from
any first-class seedsman.
Hie bur clover can be had of Jones &
Beth une, Milledgeville, Ga. Prepare
four land perfectly by first plowing, thou
narrowing. Then sow twenty to thirty
pounds of seeds to the aero and then roll
welanu. In the absence of a roller a
drar may be made to do the work fairly
, He careful to get the seeds sown
regulariy If your land is suited to the
Purpose and you should get a perfect
wtayou will find that you have done
have j e ' )est things you’possibly could
T-u„ sau ( ' nri <'her of tlie soil we would ad
your sowing tea pounds of crimson
•over or twenty pounds of bur clover
‘long with the alfalfa.
Grow Figs.
tie have no doubt that it is quite true
at h the South Georgia or Florida fig
Powers were confined to only one variety
• "ouid be found that that variety would
o*hp • - "bite Marseilles, There is no
kj.yj var tety superior to it for the com
i.. butpose of drying and preserving,
ciscertainly a cause for surprise that
i„ r l e a ’tention is given to tig culture
aiK * Florida. It is the most
’I 11 , 1 of fruits. Can be used in so
tore U f ent " ays. is of the easiest eul
a , n 't can be made to grow
. •„ ''‘w other tilings will. Start
* m figs at least this winter.
Rye for Green Feeding, Etc.
e 1,170 b °f° l ' c us bulletin No. 28 of
g experiment station. It
i ,l,s briefly of several topics of more or
s ntorcst to practical farmers and gar
rs of 'he southern latitude.
of rye for green winter
"Ti .i , ' '"rector of experiments says:
fo r '|ii '"'••• (, f rye as a green winter food
few -ph * stoL ’ l< is appreciated by but
cj j 11 general custom is to sow broad
cut nr/.) H’ ra zing, but planted in drills and
cn„. ''J green it affords a very much
di;,,, n 'Piantity of food in a better con
in ‘* tu * m *ury from trampling tbo soil
Over m. hep ia a voided.”
acre it , l l ' " I '* pounds of green rye rut per
dat,.„ I. ,/our cuttings made on the
c. it .'! March 10, April 10 and April
ernn , a , s fou,| d to be a very profitable
c oi,'„r.n‘,.„ tho ‘’iroefer speaks in high
t "fation of it.
fpfpr,!!|' rom ‘be Seed—Experiments in
pi aill i' 1 , 0 growing onions from trans
ttn ii, ,i * anis or without disturbing
gam ni fbat tlicro was an average
Its >i allput Fa percent., which is mucli
the,... ... n ;' ns been generally found to he
fav, r ; ,o advantage being greatly in
usivi ti u ' ails Plimting. As poor land was
pr I, ~ 'leld was not very great, tho
per a. rc> ran K ln l? from 86 to 172 bushels
Plnthii ),I f'? t l n also trp ats of the ‘'Fall
tier, 1 Jrisli potatoes; the preparu
p.antir,. o’ 1 ,<>r ''ovtonthe method of
tc;h “*‘ r ®uila grass, and the best
for destroying tho same; the
K ° PhCrSand
th,“n,S he - issue v e W ‘H probably cite
the bu letm in respect to these matters
e . reaacrs interested m tho-,
several topus. can secure the bulletin , u
Fayetteville 10 Arh direCtor ’ K U henne:t
experiments on sandy soil," and “Some
er s.? s experiments on clay land."
J hese bulletins are instructive.
Mixtures for Meadows and Pastures.
On no subject connected with grass ci_
ture have we more to learn than as to the
mixtures of seed in seeding down, savs the
JfrT^ P r\ GaZe v Ue ' Tho a!most universal
practice has been clover and timothy.
ho doubts a judicious mixture of ma-.iv
55* Wl,uld result in a greater produc-
Nature gives us lessons in this matter
Examine any rich old turf that has been
to grass a few years and c ount the species
on a square foot and see if they do not
outnumber the kinds sown upon it. Ea h
grass has its requirements and abstracts
its constituents from the soil, some no
douD. requiring what is not warned by
others. So we can easily see and under
stand how. with more kinds, we can ob
tain a larger product with no more dram
upon the soil.
And it gives a variety of seed. Mix
tures should vary for meadow or pasture
1- or a permanent pasture we should use
durable grasses, affording food early and
late, that will resist drouth and close
biting.
V. o must consider the soil. Some grasses
are at home on a heavy soil: somolight,
some wet, others dry. There may" be
cases where one or two kinds are bette
than eight or ten. it would he presuuij
tion for me to give directions for mixtures
to 11 v eile readers, for the good reason
that i tjo not know how.
England is greatly in advance of us,
having given mixed grasses much atten
tion. I will give some ot the mixtures
that have given great satisfaction to En
glish farmers, selecting such as seem
nearest to our needs. They are supposed
to bo sown with a grain crop:
For a permanent pasture, Italian rya
grass, (3 pounds; perennial rye grass, S;
timothy, ii: orchard grass, 6: meadow fox
tail, 2; hard fescue. 2; meadow fescue, 2;
tall fescue, 2: red top, 8; dune grass.-!:
rough meadow grass, 2: alsike closer. ■
perennial clover, 2; white clover 2; tot.:
47 pounds.
For dry. gravelly or sandy soil, red top,
8 pounds; tall oat grass, 8; red fescue
grass, 4; ,1 une grass, 4; meadow soft grass,
2 ; timothy, b; Italian rye grass, 4; peren
nial rye grass, ti: yellow clover, 4; white
clover, 4; total, 88.
Tho English farmer sows more kinds,
much more seed, and is far more careful
in sowing it.
Tons of money are lo3t in this country !
by the thoughtless way of seeding down.
Red clover cannot climb through two
inches of the average soil and clover can
be covered deeper than most grass seeds
Avery little soil well pressed upon seed
is all esst ntial, moro especially in dr
weather.
Count the seeds generally sown upon a
square foot and then count the plants
after all have grown that will and you
will learn something.
Japanese Plums in North America.
The following summary is taken/ro.n
United States bulletin No. 10:
1. Twenty-four years ago a plum was
introduced into California from Japan,
which proved to belong to a species here
tofore unknown in America. It was first
fruited by the late John Kelsey of Berke
ley, Cal., and for him it was named. It
began to attract wide attention about ten
years ago.
2. This plum belongs to the species
prunus tri, ora, which is supposed to be
native to China, but which is unknown
in a wild state. Subsequent importa
tions have been made from Japan, and at
the present time about thirty are more or
less known and disseminated.
8. These Japanese plums are distin
guished from the common domesti at
plumbs by their generally more pointed or
heart-shaped fruit, which lias a deep
groove or suture upon one side, by a
longer-keeping tiesh and generally a less
winged pit. in other botanical features
they differ, commonly bearing three or
more winter buds at a joint instead of one,
in the light colored rough bark, flowers,
usually in twos or threes, leaves long
obovate or elliptic and finally serrate.
They are closely allied in botanical
characters to some types of native plums.
4. The nomenclature of the varieties is
much confused, largely because the
Japanese names are used for groups or
cl tsscs and not for specific varieties: and
there is no uniformity even in the generic
application ot these names. It is essential
to an exact understanding of this fruit,
therefore, that the Japanese class names
be discarded in this country.
5. While importations from Japan have
been made freely, there are probably
many more good varieties in that country
which have not reached America but \te
must look for most permanent progress in
the future from American oiispring.
0. The Japanese plums differ among
themselves greatly m hardiness. The
Kelsey is adapted only to the states south
of Virginia and to the warmer parts of
the Pacific coast, but other varieties are
fully hardy in parts of Connecticut, On
tario, New-York and lowa.
I. The varieties now known to be hardy
in the plum regions of New V orkare Bur
bank, Abundance, Willard, Ogon, Satsu
nia. Cliabot, Yosebe and Berger, and
others give promise of being as hardy as
these.
8. The period of ripening of the various
kinds extends over a long season, run
ning in New York from the middle of
July to ihe middle of September The
same variety does not always appear to
ripen at the same period in successive
years. This is especially true of the
Kelsey, whi-h sometimes varies through
a period of three months. In New York
the earliest market variety which has
been tested appears to be Willard, fol
lowed closely oy Ogon. then Abundanco
ami Berckmans, and Burbank still later.
Kelsey is generally the latest of all the
varieties. , , ,
9. Most of the Japanese plums keep for
several days, and some of them even for
two weeks, after they are ripe. Satsuina
is one of the best keepers known in the
North. , .
10 The largest part of the vanties are
red with deep yellow flesh, and the Sat
smiia and a few varieties less known have
deen red flesh. There arc only four well
known yellow varieties. There are eight
freestones as follows' Ogon, Willard,
Kelsey, Berger, Niaru. Munson. Normand,
Yosebe. ,
11 The varieties which can be most
confidently recommended at the pres
ent time are Abundance, Burbank, W il
lard, Kerr, Berckmans, Maru, Hod
Nagate. Satsuma and perhaps Ogon. Kel
sev is recommended lor the south.
jo Th e chief weaknesses of the .lapa
nose plums arc too early to bloom of some
varieties and liability to the fruit rot fun
gus. Among their advantages are partial
immunity from black knot and leaf blight,
and often a partial freedom from curcuho
in i;' r 'Altogother. the Japanese plums con
stitute tlie most important typo of iruit
introduced into North America during the
i,uarter of a century, and they should
receive careful tests in all parts of the
country.
When to Apply Manure.
From the Philadelphia Hecord.
(Inc of tho problems with manure is
when to apply it to t> |p bes * “^vantage.
No rule given will apply to all farms, as
thev differ. Hillside land, or that which
. ,' jb oet to the leaching ot rains, will
lose a larger portion of the soluble por
THE MORXIXG NEWS: MONDAY. OCTOBER 1, 1894.
“DROP
* NICKEL,
I . THE SLOT”
*■
Charles Otadley Warmer
Once said:
“The tiiro will come when some inventive
genius will enable us to ‘ drop a nickel in the
slot.’ and take out a complete education."
Little did the great novelist dream that his
jest was so soon to crystalize into the practical
plan today before the readers of this paper.
There is not an intelligent man in the
world but appreciates the value of an
education, and has occasion many times to
regret the fact that he has either failed to
take advantage of early opportunities, or
perhaps has been deprived altogether of the
advantages of higher educational institutions
in his earlier life.
It is Too Late
For them to take up a regular course of
study, there being no time to devote to It
amid the varied cares of active life.
But the next best thing to an educational
course is the possession of the results of
ripe scholarship of others, and when these
; results are epitomized the one who has them
at his commanJ has actually the cream of a
i college education.
In a word, the ENCYCLOPEDIA
j' BRITANNICA is a whole college education
In itself. The most brilliant graduates do
not know more than is contained witlwn its
pages.
Those Who Expect
To avail themselves of our special offer
should order at once, while they can
procure this great work at the Introductory
rates of only Ten Cents a day.
The no.vel method for collecting these
Instalments Is as educating as it is attractive.
Your boy will thoroughly enjoy dropping in
the dime a day which you have given him
the opportunity- to earn for himself, and as
the dimes pile up and he realizes that this
trifling sum, properly managed, will give him
a clear title to so great a library, he will have
impressed upon his mind a most valuable
object lesson: Economy for the sake of
education.
Bear 5m Mimd
i. That this new edition Is now offered to
the public for the first time.
а. That it Is complete in j 8 Royal Octavo
volumes.
3. That the entire work is revised to date.
4. That it has an entire equipment of new
maps, produced at a cost of $30,000.
5. Tliat it is superior to the Edinburgh
edition, which costs SB.OO per volume.
б. That for a short time this great library
will be offered at a special introductory rate.
7. That those ordering now from The
Constitution will get their books at from 75
cents to $1.35 less per volume than if ordered
from the publisher direct.
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the set delivered at once, with the privilege
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Centsfa day.
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set of 28 volumes will be delivered at once.
THE CONSTITUTION,
• ATLANTA, GA.
Call and see sampies at the local office,
101 Broughton street, Savannah, Ga.
tions of manure than level plots. The
best time to haul manure is when the
farmer has less work to do in some other
direction. Highly as manure is valued,
its cost in hauling is sometimes greater
than the value of its plant food, and the
hauling and spreading is therefore the
most costly and most important item con
nected with it, the distance, kind of ma
nure, actual value of the manure and
facilities for handing it having their ef
fect on the value of the whole, and af
fecting the results to be derived from it.
It has been demonstrated, however, that
the majority of farmers can handle ma
nure and spread it on the fields in the fall
at less cost than at any other season of
the year.
Manure can deteriorate in quality while
in a heap as well as when washed by
rains or dried by the sun. Some farm
ers prefer to plow their land and harrow _
the manure in. but this necessitates the ’
hauling over plowed land. Others spread
the manure and tfipn plow with a one
horse plow, while many simply spread
the manure on the surface and allow it
to remain. If there is no danger from
rains carrying away the soluble mate
rial the spreading on the surface will be
satisfactory, but it is a risk. Manure
can be used on wheat land in the fall, for
next year's crop to the best advantage,
but if it is to bo applied elsewhere it will
pay to work it into the top soil in some
manner, even if with only a cultivator,
as there is sure to be a loss of soluble and
volatile matter if exposed on the surface
throughout the winter, and until the
land is plowed in the spring.
Advanced farmers now use their ma
nurS in the fall and apply fertilizers in
1110 spring. Phosphates are applied in
the fall, however, along with the manure,
in order to allow more time for solubility
before spring. Nitrogenous fertilizers
and potash being more soluble arc ap
plied in the spring. The question to be
considered, however, is whether the
farmer is willing to give his manure in
the heap his attention in winter. If he
can do so he will reduce his manure to a
fine condition, and have it suitable for
early crops, but if the manure in the heap
is to receive no care, no handling or turn
ing over, it will be better to spread that
now on hand on laud that requires it the
most, and begin another heap with the
materials which ago to be added in the
future. Fertilizers are available at all
times, and need not be applied, if pre
ferred, until the occasion arrives for
their use.
Propagation.
Fruits may be propagated by seeds,
cuttings, layering, budding, grafting, and
by root cuttings, says tho American
Farmer.
The work can be done at different
seasons, so that the horticulturist or
nurseryman can find some kind of propa
gating work that can be done at almost
any season.
When it is desired to secure or grow
new varieties s*)d may be sown.
Layering can be done now at any time.
The twig or limb is bent down end fast
ened to the ground. This may be done by
laying a weight upon it. or by taking a
forked stick and sticking into the ground,
or in many oases the weight of the soil
will be sufficient. The soil should cover
well. A little quicker growth van often
he secured by cutting the bark near one
or more buds. Root* will start out in a
reasonably short time, and by fall the
limb can be cut from the parent plant.
With certain varieties of plants, like tho
quince, currant, gooseberry, and somo
others, this is one of the best and most
convenient ways of propagation. With
strawberries the easiest way of propagat
ing is by runners, aud with a little care
all of the plants needed for ordinary
planting can be readily secured.
Budding can be done now and can be
kept up until the latter part of Septem
ber. Where varieties have failed to do
well budding affords a good means of se
curing good varieties without entirely ae
siroying the tree, and in this way losing
the growth already made Budding may
be done on very young trees as on IhtM
that have come into bearing. Any one
with a little practice can soon learn to
bud with safety. Grafting can he done
during the winter. The sticks can be se
cured by sowing the seeds in the spring.
The limbs for grafting can be cut in the
fall and after the leaves fall and can be
stored where they will keep moist , and
the grafting can be done during tho
winter, forking the grafts in sand and
setting out as early in the spring as tho
condition of the soil will allow it.
Raspberries arc propagated by suckers,
layers and root cuttings. Blackberries
in the same way. aud in somo instances
by grafting, but this is rather exceptional.
Quinces by cutttiug and grafting, sowing
the seeds to secure new varieties. Grapes
by cutting and layering; grafting can be
done but is rarely done. Apples and
pears by budding and grafting. Cherry,
peach and nectarine by budding, but
grafting can be done. Apricots by bud
ding principally.
With currants, gooseberries, quinces
and grapes especially one of the most
convenient ways of propogatmg is by
cutting. taking vigorous, healthy wood
and i utting into short pieces of three or
four buds each. If cut and set in the fall
they should be well watched during the
winter. Much of the wood in pruning
can be made into cutting with good re
sults.
Yellow or Bur Clover.
We have growing in this locality the
California or yellow bur clover, says a
writer in the Farmer and Fruit Grower.
It was introduced into tho south from
California twenty or thirty years ago.
As it seems to be now fast gaining popu
larity I will give you a short description
of its growth, merits and the manner of
planting.
it is an annual, and especially a winter
plant. Springing up alter the first fall
rains and making a rapid growth, carpet
ing the ground with a vigorous greeu, it
completely tills the gap occasioned by the
tempi t-ary sleep of u ost other tegetation,
during the fall, winter and spring months,
growing on good land two or three feet
high. It blooms and goes to seed in May ;
when it completely dies down, root and
branch, leaving on the ground a mass of
leaves, vines and soft ours, it can be cut
lor hay as early- as February, or as late
as April, and still have time to mature
seed, as it voluntarily reproduces itself
from the seed for any desired number of
seasons after it is once planted.
if rare is taken to pulverize the land
before planting—which may-be done any
time between July and November there
is no difficulty in getting a stand with lit
tle expense lot- seed, as from one to two
bushels of the burs per acre sown broad
cast and lightly plowed or harrowed in
will be sufficient. Even less seed might
do by cheeking tho land three feet each
way, dropping a few burs in each check
and covering lightly.
Sowing the seed on prepared land is tho
surest way of getting a start of this
clover, though some parties here have
succeeded in getting it to grow finely on
Bermuda sod. where the seed had been
sown, depending on the tramping of stock
atid the beating rains to bring it in con
tact with the soil.
This clover will bear any amount of
grazing. 1 have grown it on a lot of less
than two acres continuously for the past
eleven seasons: and to this lot from live
to ten head of hor.-es and cows have had
access during the year round, only taking
them off when it began to bloom; and
with this heavy grazing the crops have
regularly improved.
A neighbor lias a lot of a few acres of
this clover to which his houses and cattle
have had access since it was sown—about
fifteen years ago— who does not even take
his stock off while it is in blown, and yet
it is a valuable pasture.
It grows well on prairie, clay or sandy
soil, its beautiful green during the win
ter months in yards or gardens would
richly repay as an ornamentation, l oul
try of all kinds are particularly fond of
it. A summer crop can be raised on land
occupied by this clover, and such summer
cultivation would be an improvement to
the next clover crop, as turning under the
heavy mulch after clover dies down adds
to the fertility of tho soil. Milch cows
grazing on this clover yield rich yellow
butter of a desirable flavor. All kinds of
stock like it alter they beet me accus
tomed to it; and whether it has any
medicinalvirtuesornot.it is a singular
fact that in all my experience with it. I
have never known an nnimal that had
the benefit of this clover during the win
ter to die from any sickness or to show
symptoms at any time of being sick.
H. W. Johnston.
Oktibbeha County, Mississippi.
Th 3 Humble Peanut. *
The humble peanut appears to be en
tering upon a career of promise in Amer
ican economy. If tho investigations
which the department of agriculture now
has well under way can be relied upon it
will be possible for this vegetable of the
sunny south to put bread in tho mouths
of our future population, to supply the
sleek cattle with rich and succulent
forage, furnish our modern civilization
with many products, even to oil for the
axles of the ponderous locomotive, and
equally for the gearing of tbe writing
machine presided over by the pretty type
writer.
Tho department of agriculture will soon
issue a bulletin dealing with the variety
of uses to which the peanut may be put
in this country. The recent agitation of
the question in Germany and other Eu
ropean countries has led the authorities
to believe that peanut culture on a more
scientific basis will bo profitable to the
farmers. Mr. R. B. Handy, who is pre
paring the bulletin, is gathering all the
statistical information available. Even
entomologists have been asked to soarcli
out the insects which prey upon tho vege
table during its growth.
It is generally supposed that the pea-
WED KL A L^
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* V| H thoroughly clear uwuy all
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“ I have uaed vour medicine often for the naat
efcht rear*, amt feel aftfo In anym# that It la
beat general health reatorer In the world** 116
F. H. GIBBON, Ark.
Our frratl* on Blood and hkln nuai*> matld free
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hold.
KORHiHG HE'A'3, Savannah, Ga.
nut is used only as u delicacy. The au
thorities learned a few days ago, how
ever. of an establishment in Memphis.
Tenn.. which is doing considerable busi
ness in the manufacture of peanut meal
or grits and peanut liour. besides other
valuable products. Samples of the manu
facture forwarded to the department for
inspection have just arrived, and Assis
tant Secretary Dabney is going to parcel
these out among his acquaintances for
trial. Among other things, the meal is
pronounced excellent for soup or broth,
and a proper recipe is in the hands of
authorities for makiug it. One advant
age claimed for this American meal over
the foreign article is that it contains but
8 per cent, of peanut oil. against 32 tier
cent, of oil found in the German meal.
This contains more gluten than wheat,
according to the announcement of tho
chemists, and a pound has as much nour
isrnent as a half pound of beef. The de
partment learns that there is another
factory for the manufactur : of peanut
hour and meal at New York. A gentle
man in St. Louis has a mill also, which
turns out a small product.
VALUABLE FOK MANS' PURPOSES.
It will be seen that the farmer who can
raise a good peanut crop, if he knows how
to utili/.e it, can, instead of selling his
yield at 3V* cents per pound, which is
about oO cents a bushel to tho middleman,
use it as food in place of wheat. Hut tho
oil which is pressed out of the nuts be
fore they are ground is valuable for vari
ous purj>oses. Tbe first grade oil is a
good suustitude for olivo oil, of which tho
American people are the largest consum
ers on tho face of tbe glob*'. The Euro
pean manufacturers have long ago learned
to palm peanut oil off on tho American
market for olive oil.
The farmers' peanut crop can also be
used extensively, as tho learned men at
tho department of agriculture bolieve, as
food for his cattle and other live stock.
I'eanut cake, a by-product or rough resi
due from the oil press, is exceedingly
nutritious, and four or six pounds stitTice
as a daily ration for an ox. In this ro
spect it is something like the products of
cotton seed.
Whon the peanut is not ground for
flour or meal, after the first extraction of
oil it may be roasted, in a manner similar
to that employed by the Italian venders,
when another oil product is obtainable.
This can be put to a variety of uses, of
which not the least is its use as a lubri
cant for machinery. These things have
been done lor somo time in Eurojio, hut
the department desires now to spread the
information among the American fann
ers.
One possible difficulty stands in tho
way, and that is the kind of peanut which
is grown, 'i ho farther you go from tho
equator the less oil peanuts contain. So
it is that the Virginia goober is very vnlu
ble to eat, and in this respect excels any
that are brought from across the seas, but
it is very doubtful if it would bo worth as
jnueh for feeding livo slock or for food
products.
While the supply is fully equal to tho
demand In this country, and it is not tho
special aim of the department to increase
the yield, it is believed that the crop can
be raised over a muchdarger territory than
at present. Virginia, Georgia ami Ten
uesseeare the three first peanut producing
states at present in the order named, fol
lowed bv North Carolina, South Carolina
ami Alabama. Very few bushels aro
grown elsewhere in tho I nited States
Mr. Handy says there is no doubt that
Ceanut raising naan extensive seme would
u possible from Oregon south on the fur-
ther side of the Rockies and in the mid
dle states south of lowa and the great
lakes. In the east the industry might bo
extended as far north as New York state.
Tho profit from the crop is very small
at present and it is thought that greater
care in raising will bring good financial
results to tho farmers. The tops of the
plant, for example, are very rich in nour
ishment and aro said at the department
to he as good for fodder as timothy grass,
if only cured properly before touched
with frost. Tho crop is alsu an excellent
regenerator of exhausted soils, for tho
vines draw nitrogen from the air, which
is in turn transferred through the roots,
if allowed to decompose, to the earth,
FUTURE OF TUB GOOBER.
Mr. G. W. Hill, chief of tho editorial
division of the agricultural department,
believes that the future for the peanut
ia this country is very great. I'eauut
fiour is milled much in tho same way as
flour from wheat, and the bread mado
from it is both palatable and nourishing.
There appears to bo no reason at this
stage of tho investigation why it should
not eomo into general use with the rural
population of all tho states where tho
climate is suitable for raising peanuts.
For that matter it may prove a valuable
article of commerce.
Certain authorities at tho department
also believe that the peanut crop uiny be
come the basis of considerable export
trade, although no one cares, us yet, to
make any positive assertions. lB*lls
over 6,00*1,000 pounds of peanuts was
brought to this country to supply the
home demand. Since that time the local
crops have increased until at present a
few tons aro annually sent abroad.
Twenty-live tons left the jxvrt of New
York during 181*1 for Germany. This is
a very small |iortion of tho for
eign consumption, that of Ger
many alone amounting to 30,071 tons.
This vast weight of succulent nuts rime
mostly from the opposite quarter of tho
globe. Brazil furnishing only livo tons,
while West Africa contributed 8,471 tons,
Fust Africa, 1,411 tons and British East
Tndia 7.040 tons. Tho subjects of the
German emperor were content to pay 60
pfennigs per pound for the foreign prod
uct, but Mr. H'll says that at one half
this price tho poanut crop would be u
perfect gold mine for tho American agri
culturists.
Then it is held that Scotland and Eng
land would become larger consumers, it a
s ipply wore available at reasonable fig
ures. The toiling masses of the British
Isles would find peanut bread acceptable
as it promises to he in this country, and
peanut cake, tho rough residue which is
formed as a by product after the extrac
tion of oils, would undoutodl.v be in de
mand for feeding tho slrek and blooded
cattle for which both these countries are
famous.
The entomologists have been looking up
the insect enemies of the peanut and find
themselves astonished at the results.
Neither the books nor thi* experiences of
peanut planters, so far as known, give any
insects that pre.v ujkiii the vines or nuts.
This is very unusual, for it has been sup
posed that there was not a vegetable on
tep of the earth which was not uttackod
in one wa.y or another by insect life.
Field mice eat them sometimes, but they
are uot subject to any diseases. In fact,
the peanut is a healthy subject of tho
vegetable kingdom
It is important to keep the liver and
kidneys in good condition. Hood s Sarsa
parilla is tho remedy for invigorating
those organs, —ad.
SHIPPH3.
HI SMI* a
FOR
R3W M, Mm HHti,
rpnr magnificent steamship* of these Linns
1 tj lre - A 4*' L 'biled to sail as follows—standard
TO NEW YORK.
NACOOCHEE. < apt. Smith, MONDAY. Oct
1. 7 p. m.
CITY OF M 4CON, Capt. I.rwis, WKDNES
DAY, Oct. J. 8 a. m.
CITY OF VFGUSTA. Capt. Dauuf.tt, FRI
DAY. Oct. 5, 10 a. m.
CITY OF BIRMINGHAM, Capt. BDRO, SAT.
URDAY, Oct. ti. II a m.
Kansas city Capt. Fisher, Monday,
Oct. 8. 1 p. m.
c.ATF CITY.Capt. (looms*. WEDNESDAY,
Oct. 10. 2:110 p. m.
TO PHILADELPHIA.
! For freight onlv.]
DESSOT’G. Capt. DOUuHTT, TUESDAY.
(. ct. 9, 1:30 p. m.
TO BOSTON.
CHATTAHOOCHEE., Capt. Sana',*:, TTTt-RS.
DAY, Oct. 4, 9 .1 in
TALLAHAKSF.F. Capt. Askins, THURS
DAY. Oct. 11. 3 p. m.
Through Mils of lading given to eastern and
Northwestern points and to ports of thoUnlted
Kingdom and tho Continent.
For freight or passage apply to
C. (i. ANDERSON, Agent.
Waldbu-g Building, west of City Exchange.
fiercncnis’ did ironsponQiion ci
For Baltimore.
(STANDARD TIME.)
rshtn, 010 00
Cal,ln (Round trip) IS O 0
Intermediate IO OO
Cabin to tVafthlngtnn 16 SO
Cabin to V'Mladelphla IT HO
Intermediate to Philadelphia SS 50
Ttuacta sold to all points on the UtflUmero
and Ohio Railroad.
THE steamships of this company ore am
pointed to salt from Savannah for Balth
more a follows—standard tune;
WM. LAWRENCE, Capt. WlNHl.ow FOSTER,
WEDNESDAY, Oet. 3, 9 p. in.
WM. CRANK,. Capt. W. J. Borin, SATUR
DAY, Oct. and, 11:30 p. m.
D H. MILLER, Capt G. W. BIf.I.UPS,
WEDNESDAY, Oct. lU. 3 p. m.
And from Baltimore every TUESDAY and
Friday.
Through bills of lading given to all points
West, all the manufacturing towns Ip Now
England, and to ports of tho United Kingdom
and thu Continent.
J. J. CAKOLAN, Agent,
Baltimore wharf.
J. C. WHITNEY, Traffic Manager. Baltimore
PLANT * STEAMSHIP - LlNfe
SEMI WEEKLY SERVICE.
rORI I M\ KEY WEST AND HAVANA.
SOUTH HOUND.
Lv Port Tampa Mon. find Thurs. II 00 p. no,
Ar Key West Tuesdays and Fridays 3 p. m.
Ar Havana Wed and Sat. 6s. iu.
NORTH BOUND.
Lv Havana Wed and Sat. 12 30 p. m.
Ar Key West Wed. and Sat.7:3op m.
Ar Port Tampa Thurs. and Sun. 3p. ra.
Connections at Port Tampa with West Indl*
fast mail trains to and from northern and
eastern cities. For state room ccommo<li
tlons apply to C. PENNY.
Ticket Fort Tampa
M. F PLANT. Assistant Manager.
VV. M. DAVIDSON, General Pass. Atfont.
RAILWAYS.
ilsijrailli
Summer Schedule, June sth.
I#lo of Uopfl Nclittflule—Week I>y Timet
Leave Cityl From Into
a it u ii Bolton at. e 00 a m lloltoifitT"
4 r . a m Bolton st. 7 no a m'Bolton st. j
li 00 a m Secern: av. 810 a m Second av.
In 117 am ; Bolton st. 045 a mißolton st.
1 15 pro Second av. 12 20 p m Second av,
*2 00 p 111 Bolton HI. *2 -s5 p m Holton st.
*4 :vi p m Bolton st. *:i ■£, pru Uolton st.
M s’o pni Uolton st. *1 2ft p m;Bolton st. ;
15 In p m second uv ft 25 p m Uolton st. •
•5 550 p m llolton st. ft 4ft p miSecond av.
16 16 p m Second av. *6 25 p m Holton st
*0 510 p rn Bolton at. 6 50 p ui Second av.
SATUHDAT NIOHT ONLT.
p m Uolton si. | in IS p riiTDoTtonstT”
11 07 pmjUolton st. I II 46 jMnlßolton st.
For Montgomery, o and lo 37 a. m.. 2:30 and
6 16 p. m , and change at Sandfly. Leave
Montgomery, 7:550 a. ro., 1 40 and 5:50 p. m.
* Change at Thunderbolt.
* Passengers going and returning on these
trains will no charged only one faro—lo ceate
round trip.
For Thunderbolt, ears leave Bolton street
depot on every hour and hair hour.
STEAMBOAT LINES.
The Steamer Alpha,
E. F. DANIELS, Master,
On and after SEPT. %:t will rhsnf* her
Srhndule an follow*:
Leave Savannah. Tuesday 9am
Leave l>aufort, Wednesday 8a in
Leave Savannah, Thursday 11 a in
Leave Ueaufort, Friday Sam
The steamer will stop at Bluffton on both
tri rs each way.
For lurther information apply to
C. 11. ML BLOCK, Agent
For Darien, Brunswick and Inter
mediate Points,
Tho now and viegaut twin arrow nioatnor
ViGILAINT,
J. Cl. OAKNLTT, Master.
Leaves Savannah Tuesday and Friday 7 a m.
Returning,
Leave Ilrunswi* k Wednes. and Sat. 7a. m.
Leave Darien Wednesday and Sat. 10 a. m.
Making daylight trip each way.
For further information apply
W. T. GIBSON. Manager.
GRAIN AND PKDVihiONb. ~~
APPLES.
Onions, I-rmoni, l*otatoa. iVanuts,
UKOKGIA NEED K YK.
Texas Keel Kuat-Proof OaU,
HAT. UIUIN ANli FRED.
Magic Food,
Chicken Feed,
Cow Foedb
W. p. SifHKINS.
5