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DR. FORBES WINSLOW TALKS.
A Chat With the Greatest Living Authority
oil Brain Diseases.
Insanity is Not Incrcasing-But to Wipe Off the Scourge from the Face
of the Earth Wc Must Deal " ith Drink auti Improper Marriages.
-j . Copyrighted.
London, May 13.—The future of the race
depends on the future of its brains. There
can be no gainsaying that. So the men
who are and have been studying that
branch of science which deals especially
w.th the brain are important men. The
mos t important of them are in England,
Otrmanya nd France (although America
1S ontributed much toward the study
of the surgery of the brain), and of them
ail Dr. Forbes Wenslow of London is
probably the most Justly celebrated. What
thin(ts is worth knowing. This is what
he thinks:
• Insanity is increasing, not only in Eng.
lani, but throughout the civilised world,
if one may believe statistics, and, based
on unquestionably accurate figures, many
famous doctors have made pessimistic ut
terances. For instance, the last report of
tii. lunacy board of Great Britain showed
:C. W 7 lunatics during the year ending
Jan. 1,18 M. This exceeded by 2,2(5 tile num
ber which existed during the previous
year. Truly that is an awful showing.
Such an increase is not warranted by the
growth of population, and if it really ex
isted could only mean that the whole na
tion is going mad. But figures are some
times deceptive. Ido not admit that these
are wholly truthful. I believe that the in
crease is more apparent than real. There
is not, I think, a greater proportion of in
sanity to the population than heretofore,
but what insanity there is is better under
stood and more generally under treat
ment. There are fewer cases of insanity
which utterly escape the observation of
medical men and thus fall to be recorded
among the statistics of the malady. In
the old days a large number of families,
ashamed of the development of insanity
among their members, hid the unfortun
ates not only from the public but from
science. The dread of the old asylum also
played Its part In inducing concealment.
Then, too, the poor could not pay the
prices which were charged them for treat
ment of the insane. All that has changed
now. uf course people do not feel less
horror over the development of insanity
among their relatives, but they realize
that it is cruelty and not kindness to iso
late them from proper treatment. Asy
lums are run on a different basis. From
the time when such experiences as those
described in Charles Reade's
great story, 'Hard Cash,” were pos
sible—when abuse and all sorts of Ill
usage were common in the insane hos
pitals—to the present, is a step longer
In progress than It Is in years. Avery
much larger proportion of the insane are
huw in confinement, or, at least, under
the care of physicians. That alone has
brought about an apparent increase and
u large one. without, m reality, having
changed 'lie situation at all, unless in
deed it has caused many curses which
otherwise would not have been made,
and thus actually decreased the number
lit insane people.”
Then, after having thus punctured one
of the most pleasant and apparently one
of the strongest of the statements of the
pessimists. Or. Winslow turned in his
chair to receive a patient who was suf
fering from melancholy mania, and who
had been under the celebrated physician's
care for some weeks'. He was treating
h' r by hypnotic suggestion.
It is only fair to state that if there has
h".'n an Improvement in the care and
treatment of the insane, the name of
Winslow has been, perhaps, more closely
a -odated with it than any other. Dr.
Winslow's father before him was the
haler in the work until his son forged
his way into prominence and there have
h e n f.-w reforms in the asylums of Great
llrii a in, or few advances in the science
ef treatment in which either the father
er *ou have not had their lniiuence. The
father, also, was the first to force crim
inal law to take the mental condition of
a man accused of a crime into considera
tion, It would, perhaps, be going too far
' i say that Hr. Winslow is the greatest
In ing authority on diseases of the brain;
l ot certainly there is no one man whose
i ante is associated with more careful
-tudy, with more wonderful cures, with
tnor. important discoveries than that of
1 orbes Winslow.
rhe home of this great scientist is at
Devonshire, Portman square. It is
tot an especially impressive house, but
1 ■' an impressive man who meets you
n the big drawing room and bustingly
.■onductp you to the office at the. rear of
House. Dr. Winslow is a man of me
■l,lm f,z '• hut powerful frame. His dark
ttlr and beard frame a face of strong
ratlin, and great force. His eyes look
' l l rom under brows that are overhang
tig and heavy. Those eyes are the most
■ markable feature of the man’s physical
aakeup. In the first place, not for one
toment after you have seen them do
ou doubt the stories which you have
' <arr * ot their hypnotic power. When you
alch fhem, later, as they calm a vio
<mt lunatic with a long steady
h■’ 11 t *°‘ s hot surprise you. Second,
. have a way of sending
in 5 K 5 Slances at you from under
Me bru?)l above them, as quick as light
.’g strokes and as disconcerting as a
i-t lover s smiles might be to a bashful
• aideu. Those quick questioning glances
Ulr tied upon all of Dr. Winslow's vis-
“ rs at short intervals. There Is, at
s<, mething uncanny about them. A
s ihought will show their origin.
i, " ais ’ ow ' has for many years had to
' 1,10 most extraordinary and of
, violent maniacs. He has been
j tattatics in all kinds of circumstances
ri tM all Sorts of places. If there is
* tung true about a lunatic, it is that
n ’ l:r , r ’ l ''e depended upon. A machine
y at s . olten an<l is stlll vtmnlng is llke
-1 i v a,ly , tnoment to fly off at a tangent
s a , something. A iunatte’s brain
, ur) machine , that is broken and is still
tear t * 11 ’ S a tlangerous thing to be
la °' ’ lnless one keeps constant watch
tvin*i . 1 Hose lightning glances of Dr.
q .,'. ’' v are ’He way in which he keeps
■ nn ;; d!lt "atch upon it. They have be
ye * a matter of habit with him. They
5-ir ! °f the logical developments of a
thin,, "Hieh has been devoted to one
lijgi ..I*l to one thing only—they are
'"velopmcnt of a career which has
Del i lh '' wh . ole vace.
2 P r \ Winslow’s confident state
;ri,. 1. 1,f bel ‘ef In mprovement. it s not
i- ~w,‘ ver, that he thinks srience lias
1 "r ai’Pfoaclied the mastery of lnsan
i ■ the first place ho has little confi
rm i-. : ral " surgery—that new develpp
■ hlch so many American phvsl
, . , f ce ueh great hope. He bol/v?s
’mprovement comes it will comp
: - ... 'treatment of insanity than
. 18 Prevention, and in order to
, ~ a t V K about Its prevention, he
c, deep and careful study of its
Th“re are many of these, of
I ’ ” ut l ? wo he attributes the great
r, , . r hc first of these Is improper
fcsi; X; ”!? 1” drink. He lays
' following rules, which he says
should be followed, and he believes that
U they were followed (he number of luna
tics would decrease like magic:
Those who have once been insane should
not be permitted to marry. This partic
ularly is true of women.
Certain affections other than insanity
proper are likely to develop children of
unsound mind, and should be sufficient
cause for the prohibition of marriage be
tween parties affected. These are dipso
mania (involuntary drunkenness), neurosis
(nerve disease), consumption.
A slight hereditary taint of insanity on
one side may be overlooked, but if there
is a slight taint on both sides, the danger
of transmission is great. A careful studv
of the original cause of the taint should be
made before the parties are permitted to
marry. For instance, if on one side there
was but a slight trait of insanity, and on
the other perfect health for several gener
ations the union might with safety be per
mitted. But if, on the other hand, the
slight insane taint on one side should is
offset by a tendency toward eccentricity or
any neurotic symptoms, epilepsy, paraly
sis, consumption or cancer, the union
should be absolutely forbidden.
"I am told,” said the doctor, “that a plan
of this sort would be impractical. I say It
would be practical. We have hedged mar
riage about with many restrictions, omit
ting only the most important one of all—
the one whfeh would majke certain that
marriage would give healthy and brainy
children to the world. It is high time that
something were done along this line, and
1 believe that something will be done. I
not only believe that marriages between
persons who have any heredity
taint should * be prohibited, but
I believe that insanity after mar
riage should be sufficient cause for di
vorce. especially if it be found that the in
sane taint existed at the time of marriage.
Marriage is a contract, and a contract can
not be made by a person of unsound mind.
“The influence which is manufacturing
hereditary taints," the doctor went on, "is
liquor. The drink habit is constantly and
rapidly growing in ominous Importance.
There was a time when it was more or less
truthfully said that 'a gentleman was not
a gentleman unless he was carried to bed,’
and things were bad enough then. But
now, alas, it is not the gentlemen alone
who gets drunk. All men of whatever sta
tion drink. And not only men, but women
fall victims to the habit. If you casually
examine the statistics of hospitals you will
find that the number of men treated for
chronic dipsomania, or drunkenness, is
much greater than the number of women.
But If you refer to the reports of private
cases you will find that the number of wo
men treated thus Is much greater than is
the number of men. I fancy that, all in
all, it about averages up.
"First. Reform the marriage system
and call for certain health requirements
before a license be granted.
"Second. Restrict the liquor traffic and
establish new and rational institutions for
the treatment of chornie drunkenness.
"Then, after I had done these things. I
would see to It that the public better un
dersood certain things that have a serious
effect on the insanity rate. Chief among
these is the fact that parents and friends
make no especial effort to surround those
who are under their care with the In
fluences which will lie most beneficial to
them.* Next to improper marriage and
drink, overwork, worry, shock and relig
ious and political excitement are
the most fertile causes of
insanity. When a child is of
nervous or neurotic temperament, its pa
rents should make every effort to save it
from any of these influences. A thousand
cases of insanity are developed every year
which might have been escaped had the
victim been spared excitements, worries
or other unfortunate influences, which
were really necessary. 1 do not believe
In the detailed descriptions of crimes in
the newspapers. 1 was very deeply in
terested in the Mark the Ripper' case,
and 1 watched its effect upon the public.
You know ‘Jack’ sent me a letter warn
ing me that he was about to commit a
series of horrid murders long before he
committed the first butchery, and long
before the police received any of the
communications from hint which notified
them of his impending crimes.”
This letter hangs upon the wall of the
doctor's office. It is written in red, as
is the letter which was received by the
London police, and which is on exhibition
in the Black Museum at Scotland Yard.
It announces in absolutely grammatical
English that the writer would soon com
mence to kill people. Dr. Winslow paid
no especial attention to it at the time
of its receipt, merely saving it as a curi
osity of a kind which frequently falls Into
his hands. He glanced It over and made
up his mind that the'handwriting was that
ot a lunatic, although it did not necessar
ily follow that because the lunatic wrote
about blood he was really a dangerous
man. Later, after the murders began, the
doctor went to the police with the letter
and expressed the opinion that it offered a
valuable clew. He believed that it indi
cated that thd man was a physician, ar
guing that only a physician would be like
ly tt> write to him before he wrote to the
police. His theory was that “Jack the
Ripper" was a doctor gone mad, who, de
spite his mania, knew that he had gone
mad. He believed that the man had been
thinking of coming to him for treatment
before his mania reached its acute stages,
and that after he had reached the point
where he could ho longer reason out his
own condition, his mind still turned to
him (Winslow) as the person who would
be most interested In his strange case.
It is the general belief among people
who are closely familiar with the affair,
that Dr. Winslow's theory proved to be
the correct one, and that through it Jack
the Ripper was eventually captured and
locked up in an insane asylum, where he
died. The police, however, have never ad
mitted this to be true. I have interrupted
the doctor's conversation about the effect
of certain excitements upon minds in
sanely predisposed to tell this story, be
cause in the next sentence he showed that
the “Jack the Ripper” case offered one
of the best illustrations of this on record.
He went on.
"I believe that several of the crimes com
mitted after the Ripper method in the
Whitechapel district of London were done
by persons other than the man who origi
nated this peculiar style of butchery, and
who were metamorphosed into criminals
of the mofet horrible type by the influence
of the published descriptions of his crime.
I know that no great criminal excitement
has ever developed in London without in
ducing some weak-minded persons whc.
previously had not been wrong-doers to
imitate the deeds so Interestingly described
in the public press. I re member in partic
ular the case of one barber who cut his
own throat in a peculiar way. Within a
few weeks three other barbers had fol
lowed his examnle and months later an
American barber committed suicide in the
same way. A cutting from an English pa
lter describing the death of the first barber
was found In a pocket of his coat. 1 have
watched'such cases so frequently that they
no longer surprise me, and I say again that
editors should more carefully consider the
effect which the articles they print may
have upon the public mind, and that pa
rents should endeavor to prevent their
children, If any neurotic tendency is ob
THE MOIiMNG NEWS: SUNDAY, MAY 26,1895.
serves!, from reading literature of a kind
likely to upset a weakly-balanced intellect.
I could write a book, and it would be an
instructive and an important l>ook. from
the material which l>r. Forbes Winslow
furnished to me during my four v isits to
him while-in larndon. But while I ani una
ble to tell the half of what he told. Ameri
ca is not likely to lose the lienetlt of his
research and knowledge. He has privileged
me to announce in this article for the first
time that in the autumn of 1895 he will pay
the I'nlted States an extended visit. It is
a peculiarity of his broad and liberal selen
itic mind that he is unsatisfied with know
ing European conditions only. He pro
poses to make a careful and exhaustive
study not only of the methods and theo
ries of American scientists on their own
ground, but of the two or three peculiar
varieties of mental disease which have de
veloped in the Fnited States, and which do
not exist elsewhere.
I*EY\S LVAM A W ITCHCK (FT.
Still Practiced In llte Mountainous
I 'or Is of Tlmt State.
Reading Correspondence New York Sun.
A recent traveler afoot passed through
what is known as the “dark ground" of the
Blue Mountain district of Pennsylvania
The Blue Mountains separate the anthra
cite coal country from the agricultural dis
tricts of the eastern part of the state.
Along the base of these mountains, where
there are no railroads, civilization is a
half century at least behind the times, and
yet the grist mills and farmhouses are
substantially built of gray limestone.
Many of them are over a century and a
half old and In most excellent state of
preservation, and stranse to say, bidden
away in many of them are books on in
cantations, divination, or, as the Germans
say. “Hexerel.” The people in this region
are principally Pennsylvania Germans, and
the mystic books they own, and scrupu
lously guard under cover, are all in the
German language. The books give full de
tails of the black art—conjuring, produc
ing spells, discovering thieves and produc
ing cures. The "powwow" doctor is an
interesting character found here. This
venerable type of magic healer is fast pass
ing away. What the medicine man was to
the Indians the powwow man is to the
people in the mountain country of East
Pennsylvania to this day, with this excep
tion, that the pow wow man uses no herbs
or medicines.
Aged Peter Bausher lives In a rough
hewn log hut at ihe base of the Blue
Mountains in northern Berks county, some
three miles beyond Straustown. He is a
famous powwow man. And his services
have been freely given for the last fifty
years. When younger it was nothing un
usual for hint to go twenty miles away into
the forest to powwow for some afflicted suf
ferer. Added to his excellent neighborly
qualities is the fact that he Is ■< sincere
Christian. And yet he practices m-gic heal
ing. The mountaineers say he has per
formed wonderful cures, and for this rea
son his services were in great demand.
But he is too old now to venture far from
home and the long journeys are things of
the past. In Ills own way he told this
story of his life:
"Mv father could powwow. So could his
father. For 150 years the Baushers of my
family knew the prayers for various cures.
Powwow healing is by faith and by pray
ers. We do it all in the German language.
For each affliction there is a special pray
er. None of my prayers heal so quick
as the one 1 use for hemorrhage.' I have
frequently stopped a serious flow of blood
in a minute after powwowing. Pains from
burns 1 cure the same way. Erysipelas,
wild fire, felons, lameness, sprains, poison,
plague and many other afflictions, such as
wasting away, fits, St. Anthony’s dance,
afflictions of ihe nerves, quickly disappear
with powwowing.
“1 use no medicine; only words said
silently. Of course I cannot tell you what
the words are. The words 1 know were
handed down from father to son. They
were never written. All must be memor
ized. 1 think my great-great-grandfather
handed down the words I now use. What
they were when he first used them I don't
know, but they have changed, no doubt.
Many words I use I don't know the mean
ing of. No doubt they were all right when
my forefathers used them. Mistakes in
pronunciation and memorizing have been
repeated, and by this time some of the
words have changed completely. If my
secret is not to die with me 1 must tell my
oldest son, but be says he will have noth
ing to do with It. Of course, I can tell a
woman, but not a man, except my oldest
son. Man tells woman ami woman tells
man. In this way these powwow secrets
or prayers or Biblical quotations are
passed from one to another, but must not
be writen down. You must know them by
heart: you must bo near the person and
see him when you powwow for him or her.
"I never made any charge in my life.
I dare not. My gift must be given entire
ly without price, so that all may have it,
free as the water. But if any one wants
to give me anything for a present for my
trouble he may do so of his own free will.
Then I can take it. Of course, you will
understand that In the olden days, a cen
tury ago, in the backwoods, they had no
doctors. Someone had to attend to the
afflicted. There Is plenty of Scriptural au
thority for healing by prayer or powwow.
In German we say braucha. The Bible Is
full of evidence of miraculous cures. Read
of all the wonderful miracles of our Lord,
who used the simplest words, even to rais
ing people from the dead.
"While powwowing Is all right for cer
tain afflictions, yet when a person has ty
phoid fever, diphtheria, or ar.y dangerous
disease like ths then my advice Is to
send for a reputable doctor at onee, and
don’t bother with powwowing. But there
are some things that doctor's can't touch.
Powwowing can heal and cure every time.
I have had thousands of proofs of the
efficacy of powwowing. I could name
hundreds of the best farmers of Berks,
Lehigh, or Lebanon counties* who have
unalterable faith in powwowing. The pa
tient, of course, must have, first of all,
the strongest faith In the powwow, or it
won't do any good. Sometimes burns or
injuries are blown upon when we powwow
or the hand is passed over the injury
lightly. during the operation of
‘braucha.’
"Hexerel is quite another matter. I
don't do anything of that kind. 1 only try
to cure people and help the afflicted. Heav
en knows there Is enough suffering In the
world. It Requires some time to learn it
and then to remember it. A person must
go under Instructions. But it is a common
thing to meet old women who can pow
wow for burns or blood letting. Their
husbands told them how to do it. Their
cures to the outside world would seem
very curious, not to say startling. People
take the treatment as naturally as they
drink water and think nothing of it. Y’ou
must remember that a hundred years ago
in the forests of this country there was
not a patent medicine advertised for every
ill that flesh is heir to. But it Is the mys
terious, baffling afflictions of human life
that powwowing helps and cures. Many a
person declining to Ihe grave under a
strange, unknown spell Is helped, and the
consuming evil spirit within him Is driven
out by prayer or powwow alone, and the
sufferer is healed. Nearly all the goqd
old powwowers are dead. I must find some
one to give my secrets to. I might not be
able to rest in peace in Ihe grave if I died
with all the precious cures unrevealed to
someone worthy to hear them remember
them, and practice them for the benefit of
suffering mankind."
—Sarah Bernhardt recently drew quite a
large audienm* in a Parisian civil court,
where she was sued for non-payment of a
horse's bill. She declared that the never
preserved receipts, and swore (hat this bill
had been paid. She won her case.
DELAWARE'S SENATOBSHIP.
WAS A SKV (Tlllt (HUSKY ll( THK
L(TK I.FIiIM.ATI HK AT DOVER t
The Coateafanta* of It—Fhnn
eellor (Volrott hml (nit. Matson
lay There (iat an Election—V\ 111
VVataon Appoint f— A Talk With
Addicks.
Dover. Del., May 25.—The most extraor- |
dinary senatorial,election in the history
of the Fnited States and one which ex
ceeded in dramatic tensity and Ihe atten
tion bestowed upon it any struggle of the
kind yet recorded has entered upon anew
stage, and from an absorbing state bat
tle lias become an important national
one.
The case of Delaware Is unprecedented.
Thirty men balloted, four months and ad
journed without knowing whether they
had elected a senator or not. All parties
to the struggle are by thts time in a bit
terly determined mood, and Dover is the
scene of active preparation to make out a
good case in Washington.
Every man concerned, from the gover
nor of the state to tho “left" Addicks, was
interviewed for the purposes of tills nar
rative. It appears from what they say
that the breakdown of our senatorial elec
tion system could not bo more complete.
The very comments of Bryce In Ills
"American Commonwealth" received a
new confirmation.
"There Ims been no election." said Gov.
Watson to me, when I saw liitn at the
state house. "Delaware has one senator.
Mr. Dupont was not elected.”
"Then who will be squalor?”
"The man 1 appoint.”
“Whom will you appoint?" .
"I shall think that matter over."
Those words of the governor show a de
cided change of opinion on Ills part. It
has not yet leaked out that up to the last
minute he was very unwilling to take
part ill the balloting. He thought he had
no right to do so. On Thursday, May 9,
last, the day the legislature adjourned,
he was called upon in the audience room
of the state house at Dover by Chancel
lor Wolcott and numerous distinguished
democrats. They found Gov. Watson at
10 o’clock in the morning -the balloting
was to begin at noon and the republicans
had fifteen votes concent rated on Du
pont—and assured him that as he was
only acting governor, not the real govern
or, his functions as speaker of the Senate
had not ended. Therefore, he was bound
to preside in the Joint session and vote,
making the number of votes cast thirty
and the contest a tie. It took four men
more than an hour to talk the governor
Into taking the step.
The government of the state of Dela
ware resembles nothing so much ns tho
mechanism of an old Dutch clock. The
man who is looked up to us competent
to make the complications of the present
situation clear is Chancellor Wolcott. The
people are sure he knows all about Dela
ware law. and he says there was no sen
ator elected. Chancellor Wolcott is the
highest Judicial authority in the slate.
“There was no election,” said he, when
I asked him about it. “Mr. Watson, under
our constitution, is not governor of Dela
ware. He is only acting governor—a dif
ferent thing entirely, lie is still speaker
of the Senate, and in that capacity bound
to preside over it and take part in all Ms
proceedings as a member of the legisla
ture. Delaware is in reality governed ac
cording to a constitution framed In 1791.
Its date Is 18.12. but the inptpmwnt adopted
that year was really the one of 1791, with
a few important amendments, and we are
practically living under that constitution
now. That explains some unusual feat
ures In our state government.”
"Has Mr. Watson u right to ap|>o!iit a
senator to succeed Mr lliggins?"
“I think not," said lh>- chancellor, thus
putting himself In opposition to the gover
nor. "I should say the state has now
but one senator, and must run along
(until the legislature convenes two years
lienee), with only half its representation
in the Senate.”
There is one thing brought out in this
senatorial contest and Ihe death of the
state executive, which has deeply wounded
the pride of Delawareans. This was the
statement widely disseminated that the
late governor of the commonwealth could
neither read nor write. The story went far
and wide and even In England aroused
comment that In any country a man could
be made governor of a commonwealth
without being able to read or write.
"It is ridiculous!" exclaimed Secretary
of State Smithers, when 1 asked him about
It. The late Gov. Marvll wrote a
passable hand, as yon see. He was not
very well educated, but he could read and
write.”
Addieks is the central figure of this
fight, soon destined to put to the severest
test the legal acumen of the Fnited States
Senate. J. Edward Addicks brought this
whole muddle about, llis followers said
it would be Addicks or nobody, and they
are all prepared to swear that since It Is
not Addicks it is nobody. Nobody has
really presented Addicks' side of It—what
he thinks of himself, whether he feels
that he did wrong, how he excuses his
conduct and finally the moral of the whole
episode. On all these subjects he spoke
very freely with me.
"In the first place,” he said, "there has
been no election. The senatorshlp from
Delaware is vacant. The ne.xt thing 1
have to say Is that I am going to lie sena
tor from Delaware. 1 am in this fight to
the bitter end. Two years hence, when
the legislature convenes, I shall be a can
didate for senator, and what is more, I
believe I shall be elected.”
Avery extraordinary man Is John Ed
wards Addieks. He has made *10,000.000
In twelve years and has the money now,
not to speak of what he has made In the
way of money that he hasn’t got now.
In physique he Is tall, neither slim nor
stout, very erect In his bearing. His feat
ures are not handsome and there are
many crow’s feet about his eyes, and yet
he has both an attractive and a young
look in his face. He Is always faultlessly
groomed and Irreproachably dressed. He
always looks cool and untlurried. When
he speaks he leans deferentially forward
and fixes a pair of deep, beautiful blue
eyes upon his interlocutor, and the low,
facile utterance habitual to him makes
even commonplaces from his lips Import
ant. His chief characteristics are genial
yet dignified affability and an ex'raordin
ary personal magnetism which would
make one like him in a mistrustful way.
Even his opponents acknowledge this.
Chancellor Wolcott said to me, speaking
of Addicks:
“He Is most extraordinary. I disap
prove of his methods, his pollry and his
record, and yet I am not surprised at the
Influence he has wielded. His personal
magnetism Is wonderful. Everybody likes
Addieks personally. And the more you
like him the more you mistrust h<m."
"When this contest reaches the Senate,”
I asked him. "do you not think the Re
publican party throughout the nation will
hold you responsible for the loss of the
fruits of victory In Delaware and for
Jeopardizing their control of the United
States Senate?”
"No," he replied, "I do not think so,
I have too much rc-spect for public opinion
to suppose that. I am not surprised,
however. If people are inclined to misjudge
my motives. I have been maligned all
over the Fnited States. 1 have been made
the victim of astounding misrepresenta
tion. It is charged against me that I de
liberately entered Delaware politics with
a corruption fund; that I used my money
freely to buy the elections of members
who would vote for me; that the votes
which remained with me to ihe very end
wr> re mine by pur. hase, and that 1 held
them by powerful financial pressure. All
those chanter are false. I have repeat*
e.lly challenged any one to prove them.
Neither dlreetly nor Indirectly have I
been responsible for the deadlock. In fact
all these charges are Insults to the republi
ean party in Delaware, and to the men
who supported me. 1 know that the re
publleans of Ltelaware want me to go to
the Senate. I defy any man to show the
contrary. If we had an election by the
people now I would be chosen senator."
Mr. Addlcks spoke strongly and earn
estly. but he remained perfectly cool and
self contained, one could not imagine a
man less likely to represent a rural little
state, to pudge by appearances Addtck*
looks so much like a man of the world, a
cosmopolite, a club man and a lam vtrant.
"Another thing alleged against me," he
continued. "Is that 1 am an Interloper In
Delaware. That Is. In this state, known
to be a notorious misrepresentation. 1
have been a resident of Delaware for eigh
teen years. My Interests are lore. The
people of Ihe state have known me for a
generation. When 1 speak ol misrepre
sentation and abuse 1 am not alluding to
my own state. None of their lies could
gain credence In Delaware. The republi
cans of the state at large know what I
have done to build up and strengthen the
party organization here. But for ina the
governorship and the legislature would
not have been carried by the republicans.
When I went Into this light 1 knew 1 had
the republicans of the state with me. I
shall get my vindication from them. We
shall begin a most aggressive contest from
this time on. 1 believe we will be stronger
in the legislature in 1N97 than we now are.
The state is now republican, and I look
forward with confidence to entering the
Senate from Delaware.”
“Do you think," 1 asked the great Ad
dicks, "that the people should elect sena
tors of Ihe l ulled States, Instead of the
legislatures."
'"No,” replied he, “I do not. You might
suppose my experience would Incline me to
think the other way. Certainly if elec
tions to the Senate depended upon the
popular vote, 1 would now be senator from
Delaware, liut I am In favor of election
by the legislature, because the Senate
stands for the sovereignty of the federated
commonwealths, and the legislatures
represent the sovereignty of the respective
states. The beautiful harmony of our na
tional constitution would be destroyed by
elimination of this principle."
It Is curious fact fact that every public
man In Delaware agrees with Addlcks
In this opinion. The great moral of the
Delaware muddle would seem to be that
senatorial elections should be popular.
Yet Chancellor Wolcott told me he fav
ored the present system of election by the
legislature. Gov. Watson said the same
tiling. So did Ihe state auditor. Dr. I.ouls,
and all the members of the legislature.
“What do you suppose the Senate of
the I'nltcd States will do?" I asked Mr.
Addlcks.
"Well, there has been no election,” he
replied. "I see they have been saying
Mr. Dupont has u case, since he received
fifteen votes out of thirty. That Is no
election. 1 suppose the governor will ap
point a man, yet It seems he can't do that
because he Is not the real governor. Now,
my opinion Is, that the vacancy will be
declared to exist, and we must all wait
two years."
So much for Addlcks’ view of It.
Hut the governor, meanwhile, had been
looking up the law. 1 repaired to the sl'ate
bouse and found him Immersed In legal
ities.
"The action of the presiding officer of
the House in declaring Dupont elected,"
he said, “Is absurd. He is no more sena
tor than you are. Where will he get his
commission? All he can do Is to go to
Washington and say he got fifteen voles."
The most eager speculation Is now in
dulged in concerning the governor's ap
pointee. Meantime Ihe Washington end
of the controversy Is being well handled.
It was said hi Dover, on the last day of
the balloting, that Gov. Wulson Imd been
communicated wlthi from Washington,
and us a result his opinion of his own
right to sit In the Joint assembly and
vote had been changed. The general as
tonishment when he concluded to take
this step was very great in Dover on that
eventful day. It had leaked out that Gov.
Watson believed himself Ineligible to vote,
and he did not consent to tuke part In the
bnllotlng until almost on the Btroke of
noon.
As for Addlcks' denials of the part he
took in the tight, It was said In Dover that
his live legislators (poor men) had Itved at
the hight of luxury In superb apartments
at the Richardson hotel. Addlcks' bill for
them at the Itlchardson was ligured out
at $2.',00. It is also said that he gave
$32,000 to carry one county out of the three
in Delaware.
It should not be forgotten that Delaware
lives under a very antiquated form of
stale government. The voting unit Is
called a hundred, an arrangement which
they like in Delaware, because, as Auditor
Bewis explained to me. It was handed
down from King John.
Thug slund matters In Delaware'. The
people Involved have never given their
views in detail before. All the officials
are divided among themselves. One of Ihe
most extraordinary and puzzling games
of political ehess Is only half played.
Whatever the outcome, the Imbroglio will
ligure very conspicuously in the history
of the United States.
HOT TIMES IN TOMBSTONE.
From the Cincinnati Enquirer.
Tucson. Ariz—Tombstone, a mining
center In Southern Arizona. Is the grave
of more romance and adventure, hair
breadth escapes and deed* of daring than
any other region In America, perhaps.
Tombstone Is about sixteen miles from
the Mexican boundary line, and for four
or five years was the headquarters of all
the leading desperadoes of the west. The
four Earp brothers, toughs all. Doc Hal
liday, Frank and Jack Stillwell, Ike Clan
ton and his brother Billy, Jack McEowry
and his brother Bob, Jack Bingo, Bill
Dodge, and several gentlemen known on
Curly, Slim, Shorty. Texas, Buffalo and
similar cognomens, were frequently seen
on the streets together. All had a repu
tation to sustain, and some were so eager
to do themselves Justice that they would
not rely upon the ordinary 41-callber re
volver, but had the barrels of shotguns
cut off to about a foot In length, and
thus abbreviated, that terrible engine of
destruction, when properly loaded, be
came a part of their personal adornment.
There were two factions In Southeast
ern Arizona In 1879, one being known as
the stage robbers and the other as the rus
tlers. The Earps and Doc Halliday were
the recognized chiefs of the stage roh
ber faction, and Ike Clanton and Jack
Bingo were the acknowledged bosses of
the rustlers. The factions came Into fre
quent conflict and gradually killed each
other off.
The hates of the factions In thorc days
were something appalling. All the tougil
elements had to take sides, but the respect
able portion of lhe community was never
bothered. The rustlers were cattle thieve::.
They stole cattle In New Mexico and sold
them In Texas, they stole In Texas and sold
In Arizona, they stole In Arizona and sold
In Mexico, and stole In Mexico and sold In
California. Tney spent the proceeds of
their forays in Toombstone. They were a
ONLY FIVE DAYS MORE.
Dr. Porter’s liberal offer is continued until June Ist. Do
not fail to take advantage of this offer.
Dr. J’orter I* |**ri*nentljr lo -atort in Savarnah.
Mr. f 4 . F. H.-iydrll. ri% |u -inin *. I.
MOKE LOCAL EVIDENCE.
Mil •101 l V K. HAILEY, No. 11 !*%*f ltnniid.iry Street, Sifi:
I have born s ifferlnK very severely with Pile* for some time, and could et no relief,
finally became so lmd l had to stop my work and was ln:1 up In b -d for several days, suffering*
intense agony. Am soon as 1 was ;Ude to walk 1 called on Dr. K. 1\ Porter nni h* gave me
medicine which gave me mutant relief, and 1 was abl’> to to niv work the n 'xt <Jgy cr.d have
uot been troubled Mince uslnt ht.i medicines, nor have i lon* any time from my work.
Dr. Porter make* the following public oTfr
In order to give all an op|ortunity of aViUlin: themselves of his skill during thin seeeoo
Dr. Porter will until Jun* mol e a un (onu ihuriji for mod bines an 1 t real m.ent of -ft p*r
month. 'I hi ais to all patients and for all diseases All patients applying for treatment before
June I. will be treated for ff* a month, an •. edlclnes furnished free: each mont h 5 treatment, in
cluding medicine, to cost .1 CNTIL 1 I hM*
Dr Porter m permanently Ineuied iu Savuoanh 'I here Is nothin'.' of the itinerant in hi*
practice or hi* methods tie has lot uted in Savannah to stay i’M.MA NLNCY and IteISPON-
SnilLlTY and SKILL form the 1 a>ls of the ilum .s he makes.
Tfl OUT nf-Tn\A/N PATIEMTC The*ii*rit‘eof **." a month for all rtl*a*e*
IU UUI~UI IUTv *i IM I I Lll lOf until <u r i*(l, mofllriurs free, applies to you. If
you write now.
DR. E. D. PORTER, 95 Jones Street.
SI’M lAI.TIKM: Catarrh, A,Unit:*. Brot’rhittr, NrrtmiH llt*ci*ca. KtieuDlltl.nl.
Consumption, and all the 1 1.runi, affection* of the Throtil, lung. > tnnisrli. I,l* er mid
Kidney*. Office hour. 10 n. tn. to if p. in., Htoa p. ttt.. 7 tog p. in. guiul.y 10 t. Hour*
for colored people, from 7 to M p. in.
royal act of thieve*. When they were !!u*h
they scorned to drink anything but Hoc ter
cr or l’Ommery Hit. and the market* v. cre
gutted to provide them wlih luxuries. The
leader of the gang, lkc Clanton, was a
handsome fellow, six feet high, with yel
low. curling locks, and a complexion. In
spite of the Arizona sun and regular ex
posure, that a belle would envy. He w.ts a
ready and straight shooter. He faced
death a hundred times, and met It at lasi.
Ho hated the Karp brothers with all Ihe
Intensity of an unbridled passion, and
loved their sister with equal force. Jessie
Karp was a beautiful girl of IS at the time
She had the courage and graee of her
brothers, and was, of course, a partisan
of theirs In their factional light without
being In sympath) with their habits of
life and career of rapine and murder.
Ike Clanton and Jessie Karp met at a
dance at Tombstone. Ike and the Karp
boys were then at war, ami carried guns
cocked and primed for each other. Be
tween Ike and Jessie it was a case of love
at tlrst Hight. Iter brothers became furious
when they heard It. and Virgil. Ihe oldest
of the family and the keeper of the family
headquarters, wanted to turn her out of
the house and disown her. but Wyatt, the
brains of the family, sahl this would be
playing Into the hands of flu- arch enemy.
Clanton. He would Immediately marry
her, and both would he happy. This would
not suit the Karps, and they resolved to
keep the girl away from Clanton, and pre
vent meeting or communication between
tln-m. If possible.
The girl was a reul heroine. She was
educated In a California convent, and.
while as full of romance as an egg la of
meat, she had a sense of honor that made
her sustain her family In the quarrel with
the faction of which her lover was chief.
II wua a marvel to many people why the
Clanton gang did not attack the Karp
headquarters Immediately after reaching
Tombstone to revenge the death of Ihe
Mcl.owry boys and Billy Clanton. When
the Karps retreated from Tombstone they
took their sister with them. This was the
reason, perhaiw, why Clanton refuse’ll to
become a member of the sheriff's posse
and Join In the pursuit of his t nemy.
Three months later, however, when the
Karps were living at Gunnison, Colo., and,
of course, were running the town, their
slater mysteriously disappeared one night.
The result of Inquiry convinced them that
she had Hod In company with Ike Clan
ton. This was pouring salt and vinegar
Into their festering wounds. The whole
hnnd, comprising Virgil, Wyatt ami Julian
Karp, Doe Halli.lay, Curly Bill, San Saun
ders, Texas Ike and Monroe Tucker armed,
mounted and pursued. The lovers had
about four hours the start, but they were
easily trailed. They headed for Arizona.
They expected pursuit, and lost no time.
They reached Bake City, eighty miles from
Gunnison, In twelve hours. Both were on
horseback. From I-ake City they started
to Ouray, 100 miles by regular road, but,
getting afraid of pursuit, they left the
road and crossed over the trackless moun
tains, going 13.000 feet above sea level, and
finally reached San Miguel—thirty hours
without food.
Here they rested for two days, being
convinced that the pursuit they expected
was off their trail. They were to a certain
extent right, and to a certain extent mis
taken. The Earp party went to Ouray,
and. finding no trace of the fugitives, be
came convinced that they had made a
short cut to San Miguel. From Ouray to
San Miguel Is less than thirty miles, but
the way Is over a pathless, precipitous
mountain, yawning gulches and Impass
able canyons.
The Earps, however, tackled the Jour
ney, and made It within 21 hours. They
reached San Miguel about 10 o'clock In the
morning, and as they rode down the wind
ing trail the fugitives saw them, t'lanton
and the sister of his arch enemy had been
man and wife about 20 minutes. They
were married by Dr. Hoge, an Episcopal
clergyman, whose name Is held In grate
ful remembrance by every person famil
iar with the early days of Colorado.
When the newly wedded pair saw the
horsemen approach they recognized the
situation at a glance, t'lanton. though lk
brave as any man. knew that it was hope
less to join combat with seven or eight
men practiced in the use of firearms. But,
being accustomed to danger, he know how
to act. He grasped his trembling bride,
rushed from the cabin where they were
resting and made his way to the nearest
mine tunnel. The mines were Just chang
ing shift, and were surprised at the haste
of the visitors. Clanton told the miners
his story as sincerely and eloquently as he
could. The miners were all Irishmen, nnd
Irishmen love lovers. They became par
tisans of the fugitives without thought or
consideration. Clanton Intrusted his bride
to one of the miners, who took iter into
the bowels of the earth, away from all
danger. Soon the Earps arrived and de
manded the fugitives. The miners an
swered with more spirit than politeness.
The Earns Invited a parley, which the
miners granted. The Earps said that
Clanton sought to dishonor their sister bo
causc of hatred to them. Clanton, who
stood in the tunnel within easy communi
cation. sent back word that the lady they
sought to dishonor and reproach was hb:
wife. The Karps tried diplomacy, whiyh
failed, and finally they announced their
determination to storm the mine If the
fugitives were not surrendered. In those
days an armory was a necessary depart
ment of every well-regulated mine, and
tne mine in which Clanton and his bride
nought refuge whs no exception. Tag
miners prerented arms and announced
their readiness to receive the attack Tha
Karps taunted thi nt with sheltering a rot
uni, who had to seek the bowels of tha
earth like a squirrel to evade Just pun-
Ishmeut. Clanton sent hark word that he
wa ready to meet any of the Karp parly
In single combat . The Karps held a con
ference, and Julian, the youngest and
bravest of the tribe, volunteered to tight
Clanton. It did not take long to arrange
the preliminaries. The Karp party were
required by the miners to move off about
a quarter of a mile, and the miners In turn
obligated themselves to remain In the tool
house, from which the tunnel cut Into the
hill.
When all was ready Clanton emerged
from the tunnel, pistol In hand. Julian
Karp Wits awaiting hel.liel an ore pile a
hundred yards away. The two nten ap
proached each other with pistols elevated.
When they Were within 211 pares Karp
tired and missed. Before tin- report of his
shot had erased echoing Clanton tired and
lodged his bullet In the heart of the enemy.
Julian Karp fell dead. Clanton retired in
the tunnel, ami fa miners, fully armed,
turned out and served notice on the Karp
party that Clanton had proved his bravery
and shirt rlt.v and they were ready to de
fend him. The Kants burled their dead,
•he good Dr. Hog- officiating at the funer
al. Then the miners held a meeting-noth
ing can he formally done in a mining
camp wdthout a meeting— -passing resolu
tion!! sustaining Clanton and ordering tha
Karp party to move out.
The Karps, understanding the miners
and the characteristics of the people they
were dealing with, retired. When they
were out of sight Clanton and his wlfa
came out of the mine and took thrlr depar
ture In the direction of 11100. The Karps,
though milking a promise that they would
not return, in* rely made a circuit and roda
around Ban Miguel, sulking the Rico road
about 10 mites from the former place. They
found fresh horse tracks on the road and
concluded that those they were In pursuit
of were In front of them. They followed
on with haste and overtook Clanton arid
Ills wife at Itlco. The Karps reached town
while Clanton and his wife were at supper.
When they discovered them they fired a
volley through the wlr.low of Ihe hotel.
On** bullet struck the bride and the hus
band escaped. He grasped his wife In his
arms, rushed to the hack yard, and from
there to the corral, where hta horses wer#
quartered. He mounted the first saddle
horse he met, and, with his wife bleeding
ami insensible In his arms, rode Into the
night. It was In October and already cold
In that lattitude and altitude. He rode all
night, tenderly earing for the precious bur
den In his arms, and at sunrise next morn
ing she died.
Two years later Ike Clanton and Curly
BUI. a cousin of the Karps, met accidental
ly In a gambling room at Socorro, N. M.
Two shots wera tired simultaneously and
IU minutes afterward Curly Bill was a
corpse. Clanton was uninjured. About a
year ami u half ago Clanton went to Phoe.
nix, Arlz. There he mot Virgil and Wyatt
Karp. The moment the old enemies saw
each other they began to shoot. Clanton
was killed and Wyatt Karp was so badly
wounded that he Is no longer numbered
among the desperadoes of the west.
A C AT STOHV.
Mood cuius Was a Fake, Bat He Won
it Prize.
New York Letter In Pittsburg Dispatch.
Hero's some cat show aftermath that's
too good to lose. A practical Joker named
Bryant f. Hughes entered the "brindled
Dublin tomcat Nicodemus” at the garden
show, with a big pedigree attached, show
ing that he was descended from a cat, lha
mummy of which was found in an Egyp
tian tomb, and putting the price of SI,OOO
on him. Of course the feline became fam
ous. Judges and experts pronounced Nic
odemus a wonderful specimen, and be
drew a nice prize. Ladles left flowers on
his cage and explained his good points
to their friends not up on cats. Ever
since the show closed -Mr. Hughes has
been kept busy refusing offers of $1,500 to
$2,000 for Nicodemus. His patience be
came exhausted to-day when two society
women drove to ills residence In a fine
carriage with liveried coachman and
begged him la allow them to possess Nteo
demus for the small sum of $2,000. Then
he told his secret. He paid Nicodemus
was a common Hester street feline, which
he had bought for 10 cents, hoping the an
imal would reduce the number of mica
In bis office. Even then the women
wouldn't believe him, and raised their
ante SICO. He swore the animal was the
common osh-barrel article and begged
the ladles to accept his explanation as
truthful and final. He likes a Joke, but
as lie isn’t In the bunco business ha
couldn't accept their flattering offer. They
left almost in tears. What the cat experts,
cat mongers and cat fanciers will say
v.hen they learn that the celebrated Nic
odemus was entered by a man who knows
no more about cats than he does about
the cansiis in .Mars can only be conjec
tured. The joke only shows how easy it
Is to make fools of people who follow a
fad blindly and pretend to know what
they don't know at all.
13