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PART three.
GREAT SUPPLY OF PRINCES.
TllKlK SUPPORT IS SOHCWIIAT
HI RDEA'SOME.
jl | a Problem Enroiie Must Kneel
AVlia* to Do AVlth Tlieir Scion* of
HoMil'T.
m the’London Spectator.
••No objection is possible on public
grounds to the betrothal of the Princess
j[ au i o f Wales to Prince Karl of Den
,rk. and consequently we congratulate
if,,, royal house on an event which gives
them pleasure.” That, as it seems to us,
j. a more becoming expression of the
general feeling at the recent announce
m, nt than the torrent of gush in which
most of the newspapers have Indulged.
T* heart of the nation is not "deeply
stirred;” there is no new ‘111011” forged
between Great Britain and Denmark; and
the public is not delighted to hear that
the arrangement is a love match, for the
simple reason that it neither knows, nor
can know,nor ought to know,whether that
statement is true. All that it really knows
is that there is about to be an addition
to the already numerous class of mar
ried royalties, which threatens within the
next fifty years to create anew caste of
nobles, whose position in Europe will be
socially most curious and anomalous.
The royal houses used to tend to die
out, but of late years they have multi
plied until their scions are now numbered
by scores, and in 1950 will probably be
more numerous than the whole body of
the British nobility. They have bene
titrd, first of all, by the immense improve
ments in hygiene, which have made even
palaces healthy; they have been compelt
i i, by opinon, to give up forming ir
r, gular connections—there is no maltresse
en titre left in Europe—and they rear
their families with as much care as the
members of any other class. Consequent
ly, there will soon be in Europe a whole
castle of persons claiming to be the heads
of society, who are not nobles, who have
no duties, who perform no work outside
the at my and navy, and who will have
quite inadequate means of support.
Apart from occasional impediments of
creed not felt by all the families, they
can all marry each other; but though
thev assert a technical equality, they are
not' really equal, any more than British
"peers" are, who make of their equality
their title and distinction. There are old
royal families and new royal families—
the oldest, if mothers are considered as
close to their children as fathers, being
our own, which has been royal since
Cerdlc, who reigned in Wessex 800 years
ago—"great” royal families and little
roval families which, like our own, are
exceedingly rich—the richest was recent
ly the Catholic branch of the Hohenzol
lerns—and royal families which, like our
own, are exceedingly poor. There are,
too. families which, like the Berna
dettes, obrenovitchs and Montenegrins,
are only three-quarters royal, being,
though sovereign, without the sixteen
quartering*, and families only half royal,
like the Ismchenbergs and Battenbergs,
because they spring from families grudg
ingly admitted by tne two or three crown
ed heads who settle such questions to be
admissible, but not quite admitted, into
the sacred circle of the “ebenburtig.”
old or new, however, powerful or feeble,
rich or poor, wholly royal or three-quar
ters royal or half royal, they all alike
claim precedence of the highest nobles;
they all exact a punctilious and most in
convenient social deference; and they all
do nothing, or, rather, to be fair, are for
bidden to do anything which might jus
tify their excessive claims. They have
absolutely no place in politics; they re
tain but two privileges, exemption from
arrest and from the obligation to fight
duels; and but for a very singular fact
would be absolutely forgotten. For some
reason not intelligible, except upon Mrs.
Oliphant’s theory that rank has a mys
tical influence upon opinion, the Euro
pean public chooses to be interested in
these personages, insists upon learning
what they are doing, and attributes to
their flitting* about Europe—they are
bored to death, and consequently restless
—an importance which they do nothing
and can do nothing to deserve.
The existence of such a castle will be
noted by the future historian as one of
the least explicable social prenomena of
the ninteenth century, and it is difficult
not to wonder, when one reads of their
marriages, what the future of their chil
dren and grandchildren will be—what
place, that is, a thousand or 1,200 ‘‘royal
ties'’ will take in the socity system of the
world, which is, we notice, beginning to
accord the highest position even to roy
alties in black skins, in yellow and In
brown. They will not, we fear, sink quiet
ly into the mass of the community, for the
community will not so far forget them,
ami the sovereigns have an idea that un
less they protect their relations, however
distant, their own claims, which they all
describe to themselves as pedigree claims,
will in some degree be shaken. They can
not become mere nobles, and do the work
of nobles, though the mediatized princes
arc doing this, because the community
entertains a jealousy which keeps them
out of politics, parliament, or the civil
service, and they will not let themselves
die quietly out. On the contrary, they
nearly all marry, and many of them have
families as large as those of curates or
Irish peers.
And at the same time they cannot re
main as they are, for if they do they will
bo completely impoverished, and our
grandchildren may live and see villages
full of royal blood, just as there are said
to he villages in Galicia where every
householder not a Jew or a foreigner Is
of undoubtedly noble strain. The impos
sibility of maintaining entire clans of roy
alii's, with their necessity for attend-
Jis and carriages and seclusion from the
nerd, will soon force the heads of the
great houses to alter their family laws
an 'l etiquettes, and even it may be the
constitutions of their states; and that al
teration can take only one line. The em
peror of Austria, the Emperor of Ger
many, the Emperor of Russia, the sover
eign of Great Britain and the King of
Baly must in the end agree to decree or
legislate that no person more than six or
eight of ten steps from a throne shall be
accounted royal, shall be entitled by
blood to any privilege, or shall he ac
corded by the etiquette of courts any spe
cial right of precedence.
it is, we fancy, certain that the three
emperors and two kings could do this,
and that their action would be effectual,
the minor princes and the communities
b‘ Europe at once following suit. They
could, in fact, reduce the royalties to the
Position occupied in England by a few
ramifies— the Tollemaehes of Helming
nam used to be one, and the Malets are
another-who are entirely “people,”
tnough on the continent they would be
recognized as exceptionally noble. Of
course, such a decree, which ought, if it
■s to be perfectly effective, to be Euro
- ,*! n '. wou ld be accompanied by another
relieving all the disinherited of all disa
bilities, whether derived from law, cus
tom or the etiquet of courts. The mem
oers of the caste would then be compell-
F® Jb fend for themselves, and either rise
me professions, as the Duke of Ber
,;' ctc did, or the cosmopolitan "Eugenio
Savoie” did, or sink among the ruck
?; John Orth.” tried to do, or. like near-
Hhhed English nobles, make the cap
i.r* of great heiresses in England, the
°‘ a tes or Spanlsh-Amerlca a pro
profession. Disinherited princes
"ouid have great advantages in that ca
iv,!; r ‘.., as ‘hey would be considered so ro
while disinherited princesses
TH”" 1 be eagerly sought by the greater
no- Ps ; who like, when not driven des
lerately by want of money, to secure for
np lr children a step upward in the lad
der of pedigree.
mi k. fa milies thus enriched or ennobled
..i.i-t produce some specially valuable
t-iuzena. The effect of pedigree is a great
%\)t JEteting
puzzle, because careful attention to it
seems to refine some families withe Jt in
the least refining others—a dozen casts in
India are equally old and careful of de
scent, yet only the Brahmins and Kshat
rlyas are clearly aristocrats—but If there
is any truth in hereditary, the descend
ants of the reigning houses, once com
pelled to exert themselves, should be men
and women of special force. Those houses
have kept at the top of the world for near
ly a thousand years. The objection that
they have intermarried too much, even
if it is true, which Is doubtful, except
where some taint has entered the blood,
would disappear in two generations of ple
beian marriages, and the consciousness of
ancestry does not of necessity weaken
character. We doubt if the popes have, as
a body been abler men than the Hohenzol
lorns, and the popes have been the picked
men of a priesthood counting thousands
and have had as many opportunities for
action and of displaying themselves as
any line of kings. The cadet princes and
princesses might, under such a system,
become useful leaders in the nations and
in society, whereas, at present, they
threaten to become in another half cen
tury a political embarrassment and a so
cial nuisance.
SAPOLEOX I\ THE FIELD.
Hi* Well-Planned Arrangement* for
Personal Comfort, Celerity of Trav
el and Safety AA'lien on the March.
Prof. W. M. Sloane in the Century.
The admirable celerity and accuracy of
Napoleon’s movements in the field were
due to the excellent arrangements by
which they were made. His two insep
arable companions were the Grand Mar
shal Duroc and Caulaincourt, master of
the horse. The latter had always the map
of the country through which they were
driving or riding ready for instant use.
The seats of the imperial carriage could
be converted into a couch for the em
peror's frequent night journeys, but or
dinarily Berthier and Murat took turns
at sitting at his side, while Caulaincourt
rode close beside the door. Behind, and
as near the wheels as possible, rode seven
adjutants, fourteen ordnance officers and
four pages, who must be ready on the
.instant to receive and carry orders. Two
of the officers must be familiar with the
speech of the country. Rustan, his Egyp
tian body servant, rode with them. There
were also two mounted lackeys each car
rying maps, papers and writing mate*
rials. This escort was protected by a
body of mounted chasseurs. In case the
emperor alighted for any purposes, four
of these instantly did likewise, and sur
rounding him with fixed bayonets or
loaded pistols pointed outward to the four
points of the compass, preserved this rela
tive position as he moved. East of all,
came the grooms with extra horses; for
the emperor's personal use there were
from seven to nine. These were sub
stantially the arrangements still in vogue
during the Prussian campaign. There
after his distrust of those about him grad
ually increased, until toward the end of
his career it became acute, and then,
as a consequence, the numbers of his suite
were much diminished.
Whenever there was need for
post-haste, the emperor found re
lays of nine saddle horses or six
carriage horses prepared at inter
vals of from 7 to 10 miles along his route.
In this way he often Journeyed at the rate
of 14 miles an hour for 6 hours at a time.
Similar arrangements, on a much smaller
scale, were made for the staff. This body
was under the indispensable Berthier, and
was so numerous as to be practidally cap
able of sub-division into several. In 1806
there were 13 adjutants. 3 heads of de
partments with 5 adjutants. 31 staff officers
and 30 engineers. Under the chief of art
illery was a personal staff of 18 officers
and under the chief of engineers one of
19, and under the commissary-general one
of 43. Arriving at his night quarters the
emperor found his office ready—a tent or
room with five tables, one in the center for
himself, and one at each corner for his
private secretaries. On his own was a map
oriented, and dotted with colored pins,
which marked the position of every body
of his troops. For this campaign he had
oniv one in existence, prepared long in ad
vance, bv his own orders. It is significant
of the Prussian over-confidence and su
pineness that thev had none. As soon as
possible was arranged the emperor’s bed
chamber, across the door of which Rustan
slept, and adjoining it was another for the
officers on duty. Dinner occupied less than
2d minutes, for in the field Napoleon ate
Htfle, and that rapidly. By 7 In the evening
he was asleep.
At 1 o’clock in the morning the oomman
der-in-chlef arose, entered his office, where
the secretaries were already at work,
found ail reports from the division ready
at his hand, and then, pacing the floor,
dictated his despatches and the orders for
the coming day. There is an accepted tra
dition that he often simultaneously com
posed and uttered in alternate sentences
two different letters, so that two secreta
ries wore busy at the same time in writing
papers on different topics. The orders,
when completed and revised, were handed
to Berthier. By 3 in the morning they were
on their wav, and reached the separate
corps fresh from headquarters just before
the soldiers set out on their march. It was
by such perfect machinery that accuracy
in both command and obedience was as
sured.
Fl'Tl HE WAR SURGERY.
Some Probable Resnlt* of the Use of
New Projectile*.
Sir William MacCormac in Nature.
It would appear probable that in a fir
ture war many of the wounds produced
by the new projectile will be surgically
less severe and prove amenable to effec
tive surgical treatment. Probably, also,
the number of severe injuries will be very
great, when we consider the enormous
range of the new weapon and the pene
trating power of the projectile, which en
ables it to traverse the bodies of two or
three individuals in line, including bones,
and to inflict serious or fatal wounds at
a distance of 3,0 w or 4,000 yards. It is im
possible to say what the proportion be
tween these two is likely to be. At near
ranges the explosive effects will he much
the same as before; but at long range the
narrow bullet track, the small external
wounds, which often approach the sub
cutaneous in character, and the moderate
degree of comminution and Assuring of
the bone will be surgically advantageous.
These will form the bulk of the gunshot
injuries of the future, for it would seem
impossible with magazine quick-firing
rifles to maintain a contest at close quar
ters without speedy mutual annihilation.
We may take it for granted that the
number of wounded in proportion to the
numbers engaged and actually under tiro
will be greater than before. The supply
of ammunition will be larger, the facility
for its discharge greater, and smokeless
powder will increase accuracy of aim.
I think we are Justified in believing, al
though there is high authority for a con
trary opinion, that the next great war
will be more destructive to human life,
"bloodier,” In fact, than any of its pre
decessors; and that the number of Inju
ries and, in many cases, the severity of
the’injury, will be largely Increased. But
very many eases will remain less severe
in character, more capable of successful
treatment, and less likely to entail future
disablement, while Improved sanitation
and antiseptic methods will enormously
Increase the proportion of recoveries.
—The Rev. J. Manning Dunaway, a Bap
tist minister of Aceomac Court House,
in Virginia,has published a card asking his
friends not to address him as "Reverend.”
He says that he finds the word in the
Bible only once, and that it is then ap
plied to God. Its application to clergymen
he believes to be wrong, A
SAVANNAH. GA„ SUNDAY. FEBRUARY 2,189 ti.
THE SOUTH SEA BUBBLE.
ENGLAND GAMBLING MAD FOR
NEARLY EIGHT MONTHS.
Fortune* Gained anil Lost—Lords anti
Common* Took Bribe* for Votes to
Charter a Company At ith no Pros
pect of -Making a Profit.
From the New York Mail and Express.
The "South Sea bubble,’ which, when it
burst, bankrupted England and shook the
throne itsedf, was blown by the action of
commons Jan. 22, 1720.
The South Sea Company was incorpor
ated by act of pariament In 1711, and orig
inated with the Earl of Oxford. Its incor
poration was with the view of restoring
public credit and discharging a portion of
the public debt, amounting to $50,000,000.
The company assumed this debt, the gov
ernment agreeing to pay the interest for a
certain time. The consideration to the
company was a monopoly of the trade to
the south seas. It was believed that the
eastern coast of South Africa was virtu
ally plated with gold and silver, and that
English goods could be sold to the natives
for at least 100 times their value. The
company reported that the King of Spain
would open four ports to English trade on
the coast of Shlle and I’eru, but it devel
oped that Philip V would allow the com
pany to send but one small vessel yearly,
he to receive one-fourth of the profits.
The company sent out one vessel in 1717,
with no profit, and Spain suppressed the
trade. More legislation, favorable to the
company, was enacted by parliament in
1717, by which the company agreed to ad
vance $10,000,000 toward the discharge of
the public debt. So glittering was the pros
pect of this South American trade that the
company’s stock kept above par, although
it had done nothing.
11l 1719 the “Mississippi bubble” had been
blown to its fullest In France by John
Eaw, the most pyrotechnic financier the
world has ever seen. The nation had gone
crazy, industry was paralyzed and the
cost of the necessities of life hail In
creased ten-fold. Haw's “company of the
Indies” alone issued 024,000 shares of stork,
at the par value of 500 francs per share,
or above SSO,OUO,OUO, but such wus the de
mand for it that the sale realized $369,500,-
000. These figures are taken by the Mail
and Express front Frank S. Flake's trans
lation of Tiers’ history of the "Mississip
pi,” and "South Sea” schemes.
Fronting by. the success of Law in
France, the dompuratively conservative
English company resolved on a bold
stroke. It proposed to take the total
English debt of above $150,000,000, at 5 per
cent, interest until 1?24, and at 4 per cent,
after that date, in consideration of the
South sea trade. The Hank of England
also made a bid for the debt, and each con
cern finally had two propositions before
the committee. The House committee re
solved on Feb. 2 that the South Sea Com
pany’s proposition was the better for the
government, and leave was given to bring
in a bill to that effect. Later develop
ments showed that this conclusion was
reached and the hill finally passed by
means of wholesale corruption of the
memberfc of botli houses. Sir John Blunt
projected the bill, which wus In the
House two months. Exchange Alley in
London experienced the same excitement
at Rue QuineanpoTx in Paris. The Eng
lish delirium came later, but it was as in
tense as the French, and with less fottn
elation, for the South Sea Company had
absolutely nothing on which to build a
speculation. The day before the bill was
brought into the House, the stock was
quoted at 130. The next day it went to 300,
and when the hill passed finally it stood
at 330.
Walpole was the only man who fought
the bill on the floor of the House and nis
prophecy ns to the ruin it would entail
was fulfilled almost to the letter.
The House of Lords rushed the bill
through with shameless haste. It came to
them from the commons April 4, anil was
put through all the stages and passed fin
ally April 7. The company's stock books
were opened for subscriptions April 12,
$5,(410,000 of stock being offered at 300. When
the books closed in a few days, above $lO,-
000,000 of stock had been sold for more than
$30,000,000, and the price rose to 310 In July
a quarterly dividend of 10 per cent, was
paid on this stock, and subscription books
were opened for $3,000,000 more stock. With
in three hours $7,500,000 of stock hail been
sold at 400, raising the receipts from the
sale of stock to $60,000,000.
All manner of lesser swindles follow
ed in the wake of the big robber. Above
one hundred swindling corporations were
licensed by the government in a month.
The Prince of Wales was interested in a
scheme which netted him $300,000 In a few
days. The public eagerly bought stock
in a company organized to “make deal
boards out of sawdust." A "perpetual mo
tion wheel” company took in $5,000,000.
Stock was eagerly sought in a company
organized "for encouraging the breed of
horses and rebuilding parsonages.” One
man was given articles of incorporation
for a company organized "for carrying on
an undertaking of great advantage but
nobody to know what It is.” From the ti
tle of his company, he was evidently test
ing the temper of the authorities, anil hav
ing secured his papers he tested the pub
lic. He opened an office in the “street,” an
nounced stock for sale at SSOO per share,
requiring a deposit of but $lO on a share.
In one day’s business of five hours he sold
1,000 shares, took in SIO,OOO, closed his of
fice and departed for the continent.
South Sea Company stock was quoted at
500 on May 29, and at this time it was esti
mated that two-thirds of the government
annuitants had traded their state securi
ties for South Sea stock. By lunel the
stock had risen to 890, and there was a
scramble to sell out. It touched 640 June
3. and the promoters went into the alley
and boltered it up by large purchases.
Aug. t the stock touched 1,000, and
from that point steadily fell. It was learn
ed that Sir John Blunt had sold his hold
ings Sept. 2 for 700, and public confidence
was greatly shaken. The directors of the
company held a meeting and passed labo
rious resolutions of praise for themselves
and the company, but the public fool was
regaining his sense, and the day after the
directlors' meeting the stock fell to 540.
Matters grew worse, and the Bank of
England, late in September, attempted
to stop the stampede, but failed. Then
came a run on all the London banks and
many closed.
When the stock touched 135, in Decem
ber, the Bank of England refused the com
pany further aid and the crash came. The
king hurried home from the continent and
called parliament together. The official
inquiry developed incredible corruption in
high official life. Only two nobles In Eng
land were found guiltless of gambling in
the stock, and it developed that Walpole
had made a fortune at it.
As soon as parliament met Knight, the
treasurer of the South Sea Company, lied
the island, taking with him the books and
dangerous secrets. The king offered $lO,-
000 reward for his capture, and closed all
the ports. Knight was captured, and for
a time imprisoned in the citadel of Ant
werp. but he escaped before the king could
effect his return to England, and was not
retaken.
The committee of inquiry reported Feb
16. Many high officials in parliament were
found guilty of accepting South Sea stock
for their votes, the price* of their honor
ranging from $00,060 to $1,000,000. Many
members were expelled from both houses
of parliament, and one lord was sentenced
to imprisonment In the Tower and hi*
entire estate confiscated. The people of
London celebrated th! with bonfires and
dancing. All the director* of the South
Sea Company were arrested and much of
their property cohfiscated and returned to
their victims. It was computed that the
company had sold stock to the amount
of $189,600,600. Of Una gun) about $40,000,-
000 was recovered. Commercial England
did not recover from the effect of it* eight
months' gambling mania for more than
twenty year*.
One writer of the times said: “The South
Sea project was the greatest example in
British history of the infa'uation of the
people for commercial gambling."
HEIRS TO THE SULTANATE.
Something About the Brother* of
Abdul Hamid, AVho Are “l'rUon
cr*" of State.
From the Westminster Gazette
Sultan Abd-ul-Hamid 11. has four hy
ing brothers, and not one only,. These
princes are the deposed and Insane Sul
tan Murad V., who Is hi* majesty's sen
ior by four years; Rechail Kffendl (not
Raschid, which is another and distinct
name), the heir apparent; and two much
younger brothers—Wared-din Effendi and
Suleiman Effendi. Prince Bellm—or, as'
the Turks say. Selim Sultan -is the present
sultan's oMcst son, but he stands no
chance of sueeeding to the throne until all
his uncles and the three sons of his eld
est uncle Murad V. are dead, because the
sucession in the Ottoman imperial fam
ily passes to the eldest survivor, and not
from father to son as with other Euro
pean and eastern dynasties. Should
Kechad succeed, on hlB death the crown
does not go to his children, but to hfs
next brother. If War-ed-ln Effendi be
deaib Suleiman will succeed, and if he has
shuffled off this mortal coil, the sceptre
then falls to the eldest aou of Murad V.,
and so on from brother to brother in that
branch of the family until there ure no
more of them left; then, and then only,
will Selim Sultan and his brothers have
a chance. In former times matters were
considerably simplified by a general mas
sacre, on the accession of a sultan, of all
the males who stood 4n the way of his di
rect issue. When you visit the Tubeh, or
tombs of the Imperial family, which sur
round the seven imperial mosques, you
may observe that certain of the coffins
—some of them of mere Infants—have the
turbans affixed to their heads slightly In
clined to the left. This means that the
body beneath is that of a prince who
died a violent death—was murdered.
The following description of Prince
Rechad (the actual heir-apparent) was
given me by Dr. , his physician: He
Is about 50 years of age,' tall and well
proportioned, but inclined to stoop. Ills
features are regular; hip nose, like that
of Abd-ul-Hamld, is rather Semltis In
shape, hooked, eyes blue and hair and
beard light red. His manners are very
gracious and easy, ami he is exceedingly
generous and kind. He is probably not
as intelligent as hlB brother, Abd-ul-Ha
mid, but he is nothing like so nervous, al
though obliged to live a sequestrated ex
istence, in obedience to the absurd regula
tions and traditions of the Ottoman court,
and he is fairly well Informed as to what
Is taking place In Europe and in the em
pire. He is not at all fanatical, but sin
cerely religious. He has two wives, both
highly educated ladies, who speak French,
German and English. They ure well born,
being the daughters of distinguished
pashas, and hgve had foreign governesses.
They dress in' the house like French wo
men. His highness has several children,
of whom three are boys. Reehad plays
very well intleed on the piano and is a
great admirer of classical music. Llko
Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz, he is a good
draughtsman, and sketches very nicely. I
have seen some of hi* drawings, and they
really have considerable being
much &)>ove the average of amateur per
formances. Ahrrtel Pasha (Oheklr, or Su
gar Pasha, as he is called on account of
his very agreeable manners) showed me,
when I was in Constantinople, a very cu
rious collection of sketches by Abd-ul-
Azlz, mostly caricatures, of exceptional
excellence.
The brothers of Sultan Abd-ul-Hamld
are dressed as effendi, or gentlemen; but
as a kind of concession to the "Alman
ach de Gotha,” and to modern ideas,
they are invariably styled by European
diplomattgtH in the Levantine papers im~
perlal highnesses. 1 was assured that
Rechad is a capital farmer, taking a
practical Interest in his farm up the
Bosphorus, which he visits dally, his only
relaxation in a life of stupendous mo
notony. When he drives out it is in
variably in a closed brougham, escorted
and surrounded by ut least a dozen
armed horsemen. All visitors, even Ills
medical man, are searched on entering
the Cheragan palace, where he resides
as a kind of state prisoner, for book ami
papers, which ure taken from them and
only returned when they leave the place.
Thus Is an Intelligent and well-intentioned
prince kept in utter ignorance of those
very tilings which he ought to best ac
quainted with in order to qualify himself
to occupy the throne should he he destined
to ascend Its weary steps.
A HERO OF THE SOUDAN.
Fanning'* Deed Would Hnve Won
Him the Victoria Cross,
From Tid-Bits.
Only those who have been engaged in ac
tive warfare in the Soudan can realize
fully to what extent the religious fanati
cism of the mahdi’s followers will carry
them in time of war. Reckless as to death,
they rush madly into the thick of the fray.
Fearless, bold and resolute is a true de
scription of the Hadendowa tribe of Sou
danese warriors, whose home lies in the
wild and mountainous districts of the east
ern Soudan.
This warlike tribe of warriors had never
known what it was to suffer defeat at the
hands of an enemy until they received
their first check from the British troops
at the battle of El-Teb. Many a brave
young fellow shed his life's blood fighting
hand to hand with this warlike tribe In
defense of his country on the field of bat
tle that day, and many a poor mother at
home in England mourned the loss of the.
one great joy of her heart, and whose
home was left desolate and bare, now that
the beloved one had perished gallantly
fighting on the plains of the Soudan. The
disastrous defeats of Hicks Pasha, on the
Nile, and the intrepid Baker Pasha, in the
eastern Soudan, led up to the subsequent
events which I am about to narrate.
At the battle of El-Teb (Fob. 29, 1894) Col.
Barrow and Trumpeter Fanning, a young
fellow of 19 years, were leading a wing
of the Nineteenth Hussars, in the charge
against the Arab forces, who were then
in full retreat, when suddenly they were
cut off from the main body of the regi
ment by a superior force of the enemy.
Col. Barrow had already been badly
wounded In the charge, having been spear
ed through the left arm and side, and
was, therefore, powerless to defend him
self. Trumpeter Fanning, who was riding
by his side, took In the whole situation at
a glance, and, quickly dismounting from
his horse, stood on the defensive over
the body of his fallen colonel, and fought
with that Indomitable pluck and courage
which only the British soldier can do
when put to the test. Drawing his re
volver, and with a determined look to do
or die upon his manly young face, he
calmly awaited the onslaught of the sav
age horde. Not a shot was wasted. Every
bullet had it mark, for Fanning knew
only too well his chances would be small
once his revolver was empty.
At last the critical moment rame and he
had fired his last shot. Drawing his
sword he awaited the attack with a firm
grip. And now came a terrific hand-to
hand struggle, in which he fought like a
Hon, until, stabbed In the right arm with
a spear, the gallant fellow, through
weakness and loss of blood, was compelled
to relinquish his hold upon his sword
Nothing daunted, however, the gallant
trumpeter seized his trumpet with his
left hand and again fought the enemy
hand to hnad until literally borne to the
ground by sheer force of number*. Here
they fell upon him and hacked his body
with their short stabbing spears and
knives, and left him for dead upon the
field.
When we recovered the bodies they, were
.BUBBLES or MEDALS
\ J /
' “Best sarsaparillas.” When you think of it how con
tradictory that term is. For there can be only one best in
anything —one best sarsaparilla, as there is one highest moun
tain, one longest river, one deepest ocean. And that best
sarsaparilla is ? .... There’s the rub. You can measure
mountain height and ocean depth, but how test sarsaparilla ?
v You could iif you were chemists. But then do you need
to test it? The World’s Fair Committee tested it, —and
thoroughly. They went behind the label on the bottle. What
did this sarsaparilla test result in ? Every make of sarsaparilla
shut out of the Fair except Ayer’s. So it was that Ayer’s was
the only sarsaparilla admitted to the World’s Fair. The com
mittee found it the best. They had no room for anything that
was not the best. And as the best, Ayer’s Sarsaparilla received
the medal and awards due its merits. Remember the word
“ best ”is a bubble any breath can blow; but there are pins to
prick such bubbles. Those others are blowing more ** best
sarsaparilla” bubbles since the World’s Fair pricked the old
ones. True, but Ayer’s Sarsaparilla has the medal. The pin
that scratches the medal proves it gold. The pin that pricks
the bubble proves it wind. We point to medals, not bubbles,
when we say: The best sarsaparilla is Ayer’s.
Still have doubts t Send for the “ Curebook,”
It kills doubts and cures doubters.
J. C. Ayer Cos., Lowell, Mass.
taken bark to ramp. Here wo found that
Fanning was stabbed In seventeen differ
ent place*, yet, despite this fact, the gal
lant fellow lingered for five days after
ward, and died at Victoria hospital, Suez,
where he wus buried. Needless to say,
bad he reeoveritl from his wound*, be
would have reeeived the Victoria cross
for his bravery. He leaves a widowed
mother to mourn his loss.
The trumiH't, which l>ore such mute tes
timony by tlie blood-stained Anger marks
in his deathly grasp of the gallant stand
made by the heroic youth, was afterward
recovered and preserved as a memento by
his comrades. Col. Barrow afterward died
from the effects of his wounds, although
not vintii he had rendered excellent ser
vices on the Nile expedition,
WAN SI HE TO COME BACK.
The Dog Drought Hl* Owner a Small,
Hut Certain Income.
From the Philadelphia Times.
Henry B. Gross, the manufacturer, had
some time ago a very peculiar experience
with a dog—a red dog— a red setter dog.
His business took him to Elkton, Md.
There in front of a drug store he saw
what he thought was a very handsome
and fine dog, although he does not pro
fess to be a judge of the canine race.
The thought came to his mind that his
wife was very anxious to possess an ani
mal of that character, and so he inquired
of the man of drugs if he would part
with his four-footed belonging. The
country Galen said; 'I diinno. Purty
good dog, that. Wouldn’t mind selling
him if I got enough for him. Let ye
have him for a tenner.”
Mr. Gross closed the bargain with avid
ity. The druggist generously threw in
the chain, anil holding one end of it,
the Philadelphian tugged his prize to the
railroad station. Jealously guarded him
In the baggage ear during the Journey
to the Quaker city, brought him to his
home and triumphantly presented him to
his spouse. There was Joy* in the Gross
household. In order to accustom him to
hi* surroundings, the dog was chained
at night in the basement, and from mid
night to sunrise the neighborhood was
aroused with his howls. It was thought
this vocal condition would pass by In
twenty-four hours, but the next was
worse than the last, and in order to sub
jugate the animal the Irate Gross arose
from his couch and belabored him full
sore, hoping thereby to bring him to a
realization of proper conduct, Just as
recalcitrant children are sometimes sub
dued. The dog remained quiet during
the day, but when the dog star again
flamed in high heaven he lifted his voice
and wailed in a way that made the teeth
of the neighborhood grit and women
turn pale with fear that death was in
the house. Then the manufacturer,
arising onp more, went down and, after
another flagellation, unchained him and
let the canine pest loose in the yard,
hoping that a comparatively free con
dition might bring him to a realization
of his iniquity. Tne little free space In
the rear of the house was surrounded
with a fence about six feet high, which
was supposed to give ample obstruction
to the escape or the Elkton animal.
Next morning, when the Gross household
arose from slumber that once again had
come to disturbed pillows, the dog was
gone, and had left no sign of his going.
Several months later business again took
Mr. Gross to Elkton, and. as he passed by
the apothecary's shop, there, blinking and
basking In the un, was the self-eame dog
that he had carried with him to Philadel
phia. He said to the smiling sun of Ga
len:
"Why. that's my dog you have there.”
"Certainly it is," said the apothecary,
smilingly. "I didn’t take him away from
you. He belongs to you. Take him home
with you. He got back here somehow, but
he is your property.”
The Philadelphian said that he had some
business at the other end of the town,
and would return for the dog later. A
bystander, who had heard the conversa
tion, followed him, and, accosting him, in
quired:
"Say, mister, did you buy that dog.”
He was assured that such was the case,
and then he chuckled. "Why,” he said,
with a laugh, "that drug store man makes
a pretty good living selling that dog. He
has sold him about twenty time* during
tho last year, but be comes back every
time. You can't keep him away. May I
ask how much you paid?”
When Informed that lit) was the price
paid, he laughed Immoderately, and when
he recovered himself he said: "Well, you
are a greeny. That is the highest figure
paid yet. Two dollars used to be the reg
ular price, and he finally got up to $5,
but $lO beats the record.”
Full of ire, the Philadelphian went back
to the lair of the soda water fountain,
and said to Its proprietor: "You have
robbed me. You make a business of sell
ing this dog."
The man placidly said; “What com
plaint have you to make? There is your
dog. Take him home with you.”
There wns some further argument, and
finally, when it was suggested to the
apothecary that $lO was beyond the usual
price, he said, pleasantly: "Well, per
haps it is. But, of course, you must re
member that the dog had to walk back,
1 and we are entitled to some compensation
but I am willing to return you $6," and
upon that basis the canine deal was set
tled.
Mr. Gross Is now hunting for a good dog.
OLD FASHION* IN I t \ I It I I S.
Tlie UlierlNheil Collln-flonrd* of Ne>v
England Fnnillle* n Ills If Century
Ago.
From the New York Tribune.
“A ready-made coffin la a thing I never
saw until I was a grown man," said ths
Reminiscent Person, who Is not so Very old
either. "I was brought up In a small vil
lage in Vermont, where a broadcloth cof
fin with sliver trimmings would have
created as much wonder and speculation
as a cable-car. If such a coffin had stray
ed Into the neighborhood it would doubt
less have been placed upright in someone's
‘best room,’ mid been used as a cabinet
for choice bit* fST-Wna. its funeral pur
pose remaining undreamed of.
“Each farmer saved from his cutting of
timber a few of the finest boards. Espe
cial attention was given to the seasoning
and finish and they were then stored
away until the time when they should be
needed. There was always rivalry among
the neighbors as to who had the finest
colfln-boards in his loft. They would no
more think of using these coffin-boards
for any other purpose than they would of
wearing the clothes which had been put
away in the cedar chest for them to be
laid out In.
"Owing to uncertainty as to the time
when they might he called for, nothing
more could he done toward making the
coffins than to have the hoards ready.
Men were too thrifty In those dav *- -n
any risk In making up a coffin and then
having It a misfit; and It was generally
conceded that a man’s last conversation
with the minister should not !> accom
panied by the unmistakable sound of ham
mering from the barn. So the coffin-mak
ing had to be left until all was over. When
my great-uncle died, I remember, father
and my elder brothers stayed up all night
making his coffin.
"Who did the laying out? Oh, there was
at least one woman In the village who
was tlrst-clans at that sort of thing—gen
erally a talloress or seamstress and was
always on hand. She took right hold and
did everything. Made the snroud, gave
advice about the latest style in mourn
ing, saw the callers If she was allowed
to—gencrally the family took a mournful
pleasure In performing that duty them
selves. This self-appointed undertaker
never expected any remuneration for her
services, though she didn't object If after
next shearing you sent around enough
wool for anew dress—provided you were
perfectly able to do so.
"No; the shroud wasn't of homespun
linen; that was one time when a man was
allowed to wear ‘store clothes,’ though all
his life he had worn homespun linsey
woolsey shirt, hove-woven natural gray
trousers, and cowhide boots made by the
travelling cobbler. He was burled In a
white shroud of the finest muslin which
his means afforded and the village store
could furnish.
There was nothing brief about the re
marks of the minister. The service usual
ly took a good two hours; we always had
a regular sermon. It gave the minister
an opportunity to expostulate with back
sliders such as he never had In churcn,
for the most religious man in town would
turn out for a funeral.
"Flowers? Where should they get them?
nobody, bad time to bother over poaey-
PAGES 17 TO 20.
beds; and If they did happen to have a
few hollyhocks and marigolds scattered
In among the ‘garden suss' you couldn't
get them to pick 'em for love or money,
80 flowers were unfashionable, and them
was no need of requesting friends not to
semi them.
"Hearse? Well, not unless you use so
high-sounding a name for a box-wagon
with two board scats across It for the
bearers. The coffin was placed on tho
bottom under their feet. There was gen
erally someone In the neighborhood that
had sueh a wagon, and the neighbors were
free to .borrow It. At other times It waa
ÜBed for hauling barrels.”
TALK OF A SPOO\.
Its Discovery In Ihc Llalng of ■
Clonk Keculla gome Serious Scenes,
From the Philadelphia Tlmea,
Mrs. Egbert Jones of Birmingham, Ala.,
spent last year Ir, Berlin, and one cold
day In January, while walking along
Friedrich street, she saw some pretty
souvenir coffee spoons displayed In a shop
window. Stepping In, she bought one,
thinking that it would make a nice ad
dition to her collection, as well as servo
for a reminder of a pleasant sojourn In
Berlin. She aliped her purchase Into tho
pocket of the heavy cloak she was wear*
lng, and, after a visit to the museum, re
turned to the hotel. Itemovlng her cloak
she threw It across the foot of the bed and
went down to funch. When she returned
she found the chambermaid, a stolid look
ing German girl of the peasant class In
the act of hanging the cloak In the ar
motre. As the door opened the girl gavo
a start, and It seemd to Mrs. Jones that
her face became a trifle redder. "Are you
nervous, Augusta?" she asked kindly,
and, muttering something about not being
well, the girl hastily left the room.
Mrs. Jones, bethinking her of the spoon
she had bought, ran her hand down Into
the cloak pocket, but, to her dismay, no
spoon was forthcoming. The purse In tha
other pocket was Intact, but nowhere
could she find the small parcel containing
the spoon. Kecaliing Augusta's guilty
start and flush, Mrs. Jones conceived the
Idea that the girl had abstracted the
spoon, and had been surprised before find
ing the purse. Hastily ringing the bell,
which was answered In a few moments by
Augusta, Mrs. Jones, without circumlo
cution, accused her of the theft. The girl
broke down at once, and with soba pro
tested her Innocence.
Mrs. Jones urged her to confess and re
store the stolen article, promsing forgive
ness In case she did so, but at length, find
ing her obstinate in her denial, and being
moved by her representations that she
would lose her character and be turned
Into the street should this be known, Mrs.
Jones consented to forego prosecution, but
sternly ordered the giy not to serve her
room again, and when she left Berlin the
liberal donation she was in the habit of
giving those who served her well Jingled
In the rough palm of another maid—not
Augusta.
Now comes the strange part of the sto
ry. One Friday, becoming sensible of the
early autumn chill In the air, Mrs. Jones
Opened a large cedar chest In which she
had packed away her winter clothes, and
among other things, came across the
heavy cloak she had worn in Germany.
Kxamining It closely to see whether the
festive moth had gotten In his fine work
on the furbordering the garment, she felt
something hard In one corner between the
lining and the outside. With a premoni
tion of what she was going to find, she
caught up a pair of scissors and snipped
a few threads. Out fell a small paper par
cel. and, opening It, she saw the round
face of the “Great Elector” looking up
at her from the bowl of the little gold
co(Tee spoon, just as It had done that day
In Berlin.
What did she do? Why, first of all, she
sat down In a rocking chair and had a
good cry, and now she says she ts going
to undertake a pilgrimage to Berlin with
peas in her shoes, and, If poor, slandered
Augusta Isn't there, she Is going to look
for her till she finds her, and then—she
doesn't know what she will do then.
—Alma—Tadema, when asked by an ar
dent young admirer for a sight of the tool
with which he had modeled his beautiful
Venus, showed the muscle of bis broad
thumb.