Newspaper Page Text
K solicit articles for this department.
■ line of the writer should accom
the letter or article, not necessarily
lorfc ibui atluii. but as an evidence of gooa
ai'd communications relative
and horticultural subjects.
to Agrl. Editor.
Ga„ will receive immediate
Foraae Plant*.
r experinental plat this season ex
b 16 plants grown chiefly for the pur
of forage, either to be used for soil
luring the summer or converted into
for fall and wipter use.
ling is so much more economical than
icing It should be a general practice
the dairyman any and everywhere,
surse if a dairyman has an abundance
Dod land on which he can maintain
riant pastures. It is all very well to
ure. even If it 1s more or less waste-
Uut the dairyman or farmer with
lited area of arable land will always
It profitable to practice soiling. In
south, where labor is so cheap and
y rich land limited, there Is true econ
in soiling, and the man who follows
a practice a year or two is more
likely to keep it up. One acre soiled
is the crop cut from time to time
carried to the stock instead of al
jg them to gather the erop thera
fs, is equal to two or three acres
i pastured. So much of the crop is
royed by trampling, and then the in
to the land Is to be considered, when
pasturing is done in wet weather, as
nerally the case when pasturing is the
the thousands of small farmers, along
those who run small dairys In and
|t our towns and cities, would adopt
iractice soiling there would be a maik
mprovement In the condition of the
Pi used by them, and at the same time
trked advance in their own indlvid
prosperity. There are two things we
[ specially urged upon our southern
lors in the pant twenty years, that
[re still inclined to press. These are
[g more attention to forage crops, and
diminishing the use of grain food,
and 'the recognition of the great value
of Hje roller.
The farmer of Middle Georgia even, not
to fdention the Southern Georgia and
Florida farmer, can have something green
to tan for his stock the year round. Some
■wtntirs. there may be a few weeks alto
gether when It may be Impossible to pro
vide khe green food. But limit the possi
bility of doing this to eleven months of
the year, and the southern farmer still
remains the most blessed in this respect
of aU others in this great country, and
of tMosf in any other country.
Qur plants adapted to soiltng and fod
der aurposes be named by the dozen;
not Just one or two, or live or six, but a
dozen, a score, a hundred, you might say.
a baker’s dozen, any one of
tvMr i would answer the purpose of sup
ply!] green food for stock kept In their
stall or pens in that warmer period of
from June 1 to Oct. 1. Still
WM' all are good, some are so much
than the others, practical tests
entlhes one to choose only the best, re-
to the Inferior kinds when neces-
only enforces their use. This may
sometimes, but the occasion need
frequent.
Bri> are twelve sorghums that show
JMWi-i y great difference to the casual ob-
as his eye rests upon the several
of luxuriant plants, hut the prac.ii-
practised feeder can point out
superior. advantages possessed by
over the others. We name them in
order of their value, as we regard it.
with like experience, possibly,
differ In their estimate of them,
difference could not be great:
Anther sorghum, (2) orange sor-
i~j Ivory or Brazilian "wheat,” (4)
"maize” white, (5) millo maize, yel
(fit Kaffir corn, red, (7) Kaffir corn.
(H) black rice corn, (9) Jerusalem
several of these sorghums there is
difference and practically
is none. The first two are saccha-
sorghums, the others are non-sac-
Of the latter class we give the
to the sorghum with the com-
name, ivory or Brazilian "wheat,”
Itßr nvs taller and is later in seeding
the others. Asa grain producer it
Itjwireferable in our Judgment to the
Otr*. In growing any of them for for
■ >ses it is presumed that they
not allowed to mature seed, but are
fed green or converted into hay
the seeds are perfectly ripe. If
of these sorghums are ever grown
for bread we must believe It
be the third on the list.
adjourning the sorghums, are
forage plants:
. pap-oorn, dwarf; pop-corn,
common corn, Blount; soja bean.
B: tin- way of a soiling crop there could
prettier sights than a rich acre
or the same area in tall pop
corn grown as in this case r af/ns three
|SBt apart and two to three pecks of seed
per acre. Of grain this is the most
variety of corn perhaps ever
With stalks ten to twelve
apart In the row, they average
■e>>, If not four, ears per stalk. Some
shot out as many, as seven ears,
how many of these will mature grain
are not prepared to say. This corn
W not thinned, even to this distance,
it had reached a hight of five to six
1 Three-fourths of the stalks were
.B en out early in June, leaving
v® 1 remainder to stand at
the distance stated an
of about twelve Inches. This
a remarkable prolifieness of grain,
it not? In our twenty years of farm-
it Is one of the most interesting sigh's
corn we have ever seen.
to the Teosinte, there ts no
in all the graminacae superior to it
and palatability. It never
tough or hard so far as we have been
He to observe. It is a plant deserving
SM the highest consideration from dalry-
B’’, and all others that believe in soiling
Braising large quantities of fodder.
pop corn is preferable for fodder
but in its absence there is no
count on the Blount corn as a fodder
sown six to eight pecks per
and cut soon after tassellng.
these aro all annuals. The farmer
B dairyman who owns Ills land and re
■tlt] lilmsrlf as settled will not relv ex-
on anything approaching it up-
annual plants. We have too many
perennials that once sown and es-
properly will come to time with
product of forage, five, six to ten
Irs from the one sowing, and the wise
mer will not neglect the royal Bu
rr or Alfafa meadow oat grass, and In
place Johnson grass and several oth
tliat we might name,
he sorghums and other plants above
ned are strictly summer or warm
uner growers. At another time we
l speak of the winter growers or hardy
fits that are used to keep up the sue
sion of green food, furnishing It from
vember to May. There need be no gap
the supply.. 14 *
ave you made ample provision for the
g forago for the coming winter? Look
r .he situation and go to work to
ke up any theratened deficiency. It is
’ OO Hight here w e will remind
you of the existence of two splendid
plants that ought to be sown before very
long— crimson clover and bur clover. Cast
about for the seed now. so as to be sure
to have It In hand when needed about
turnip sowing time. Tou can sow either
, with your turnips to very great advan
tage. There is penty of time yet to talk
about oats, rye and barley and vetch.
Keep your mind on these things, however.
S. A. C.
English Walnuts In Florida.
I would like to know if the English wal
nut has ever Deen grown in Florida? Will
it bear here?
1 would also like to know something
about lettuce. When to sow seed, how
much fertilizer per acre on sandv soil?
H. A. Pickett.
Newberry, Fla.
We do not know that any English wal
nut frees are now bearing nuts in Florida,
but there Is little doubt that they can be
grown under proper management. Any
soil that will grow the pecan or hickory
will grow the walnuts. But we would not
advise you to make the venture on sandy
upland. Of course with fair soil to start
with one oouki. through the use of peas,
ragweed or clover, one or all and a liberal
use of mineral manures, make the land
adapted to the growth of the tree finally,
ever. If not as good as It ought to be at
the start. Your state experiment station
should be making a test of this question If
it is being conducted properly.
Under certain circumstances lettuce is
an exceedingly profitable crop. The mar
keting of the crop is the most important
part of the matter. The land must be very
rich, but rank, heating undecomposed an
imal matter should not he used as a fer
tiliser. It is so apt to injure the growing
plants in periods of dry weather. If at ail
possible rhe lettuce grower should pro
vide some means for irrigation. With such
success may be assured—if the land Is
rich and a good variety (or two) used.
Some highly soluble, therefore quickly
ctlng fertilizer should be used. Cotton
eed and stable manure well composted in
advance with a good superphosphate and
cotton seed hull ashes make a suitable ap
plication. If the land is fairly rich in hu
mous any first-class complete fertilizer can
be used. 1 to 2 tons per acre lightly har
rowed in Just previous to setting out the
plants. As to varieties the crop may be
divided between a good strain of "Boston
Market,” and "Improved White Co.'s.”
The plants should be ready to hand to
set out as soon as the severe weather is
past.
With you, however, cold is hardly any
obstacle to lettuce growing. You can set
out the plants in December and on through
January. Frequent, shallow cultivation
does the rest.
Memorable Freezes.
Of recent years the three memorable
cold waves that wrought so much de
struction in Florida, occurred upon the
following dates: Jan. 12, 1S86; Dec. 29, 1894;
Feh. 8. 1895.
At Jacksonville (latitude 30.2) the mini
mum temperature of the respective dates
was 15. 14. 14.
The fruit grower and gardner are at the
mercy of these abnormal "freeze outs.”
They come now and then, and without
warning. He, therefore, that would get
the benefit of the early fruits and vege
tables takes more or less risk and what
ever remuneration comes from it is well
earned.
Upland Mice.
We wonder how many farmers who
read this paper have sown any upland
rice this year. We wish some of those
who have done so would write us, and tell
how pleased they were at having raised
some upland rice. And we want to know
in good time where a good lot of seed can
probably be had next spring. We shall
use our best power of persuasion to get
every neighbor to sow at least a small
plat next February or March, if not more
than a quarter of an acre. We grew it
two years, but have not grown any re
cently, and are not quite posted as to the
very best variety. Which is the best?
What Is the largest yield you know of
having been made? There is nothing in
the way of bread equal to rice in nutri
tive' quality. In this respect fine flour
is not In it at all. Eat all the rice you
can and you will need but a little meat to
keep your muscles in good working order.
Let every man who farms next year
determine to sow one acre, If no more.
Yes, sow a quarter of an acre If that Is
the best you can do. You will not regret
It. The straw makes excellent forage.
We know It is an easy enough crop to
make. Hahg your banner now on the
outer wall and let Diversity be imprinted
upon it. From now on let us be farmers
sure enough. We must live at home.
Improved Poultry.
What two breeds of fowls would you
advise a farmer to keep for supplying
the home with meat and eggs? Would
it be best to keep two breeds or would
one be enough and more desirable?
A. M. C.
Opinions will always differ as to best
breeds. From a considerable experience
and observation we should select the
Langshans and Plymouth Rocks. In
starting we should purchase a trio of
fowls and at the same time,lf able, a
dozen or so of eggs, setting the latter
under common hens. By the second year
you would be well stocked with Improved
breeds, and you In turn can be a seller
of Improved stock. The trouble Is that
one who has such stock is loth to use
the product for the table. While com
mon fowls can be kept with consldera
"ble profit and satisfaction, still one finds
more pleasure In keeping Improved stock.
And if you find you cannot sell the
chickens and eggs at fancy prices, too,
pitch In and use both for your own table
and have the satisfaction of indulging
tne palate with a broiler nominally val
ued at $2 and a couple of eggs likewise,
rated at 50 cents. You can fancy yourseif
an epicure for the time.
Make Hay low.
The cotton and the corn and the sweet
potatoes and the sugar eane are doubtless
all laid by by this time. There may be a
little more cultivating of some of these
crops, but there will be comparatively lit
tle of such work. Now every thorough
going farmer should turn his attention to
that very Important matter—hay-saving. ■
Don't Be afraid of giving it too much at
tention. We have yet to see the farmer
who made too much hay. Have you a
hay press? If not, you ought not to lose
any time In getting one. It may be that
you cannot afford this splendid piece of
machinery. Couldn’t you stir round and
get several of your neighbors to Join in
and purchase one together. Thousands of
farmers are short of barn room A press
enlarges the barn capacity. Pur up into
75 or 100 pound hales you can store ten tons
of nice hay where probably you could put
only a ton or two, If stored loose.
If you should have any surplus next
spring—along in May or June—you will
have, no difficulty ip selling it and at a
dollar a hundred. Just think of a Geor
gia farmer giving this price for dried
grass and hauling 11 ten miles back into
the country! He did it! We saw it done.
Sad, is It not?
It is not too late yet to sow corn or
sorghum or peas for hay purposes. It is
desirable to sow all of these quite thick
ly, so as to make a small stalk or vine
that will cure readily and be more palata
ble to the slock.
Crimson Clover; Savins the Corn
Crop, Ete.
The three items following are extracts
from Commissioner Nesbitt’s monthly
talks;
Crimson Clover.—What Is the best month
to sow Crimson clovhr? What time should
it be cut, an 4 how shall I manage to have
It reseed itself? Does this crop improve
the land to the same degree as peas and
other varieties of clover?
September and October, according to lo
cality, are bho best months to sow Crim
son clover. The ground must be put In
first-class condition, and, if necessary,
kalnit and aetd phosphate applied, cow
TH K MUKsN IJNIi IN Ha Y\ : 3U U A\ , Jib* C>, 1890.
COVERED
WITH
HUMOR
When I wu thirteen years old I began to have
•ore eyes and eara, and from mv eara a humor
spread. I doctored with flvo different ekilfnl
doetorr, bat they did me no good. My disease
wae Eczema. By this time It had gone ail over
my bead, lace, and body. Nobody tbonght I
would live, and would not have but for ClTict'Xa
Kznrmzs. I used four boxre of Ccrtctiu,
five cakes of Ccticcra boar, and three bottles
of Cimctaa Mesolvekt. My hair all came out
at that time but now It la so thick I can hardty
comb It. I am Ml teen yeara old, weigh J3U
pounds, and am perfeettv well.
Miss IREAN OKAN’DEL, Clayton, N. Y.
S-aenr Ccaa Tssstmsst. Warm baths with Ca
rters* Soar, irestw sepliesttsn# sf Carters* (olat
msnti. end mild dess* of Ci rices* HssoLV isT.xreststt
w humor cure*.
Sold throust)out the world. Price, Corners*, VY.,
o*r. J.V.; Hl'ot v ,* r, as. snd sl. Potts* Daro
asnOnau Cosr.. Sole Pres*.. Boston.
•T " Mow to Cure Every Skin llumor,*' moiled ftSS.
and roll as for other clovers. Just as the
heads begin to show In the spring it may
be cut. or It may be grazed, and if the cut
ting Is stopped or the cattle taken ofT in
March, It will again spring up, perfect
seed, and dying down, scatter them over
the land, where they will remain dor
maiu until September, when the young
clover will again come Into life and grad
ually re-cover the land. Asa leguminous
plant, It Is fully as valuable as peas or
other varieties of clover.
Horse Suffering From Indigestion.—l
have a horse seven years Old, does very
little work, gets plenty of corn and fod
der, eats heartily, yet is poor all the time.
Can near his stomach roaring often, seems
drousy, sweats easily-. Can you give me
some remedy?
Answer.—Your horse is suffering from
Indigestion, caused probably by irregular
teeth, which do not properly masticate the
food, and the stomach then can’t digest it.
Examine teeth, and if they are sound and
smooth, the indigestion then proceeds
from some other cause. Change food often,
feed green stuff—a pasture would greatly
benefit him. Give plenty or salt and a ta
blespoonful of the following, morning and
evening in feed:
Powdered gentian, 1 ounce.
Powdered nux vomica, 1 ounce.
Common baking soda, 2 Ounces.
Under this treatment your animal should
improve.
Curing the Corn Crop.—Shredding.—
Can a small farmer succeed in shred
ding his corn croj> after he has saved it
in the shocks? I mean, is it practical
for him to cut it up without a machine?
It seems to me a most tedious and ex
pensive Job. I would like to cure my corn
in this way, as I am fully aware of the
superior advantages of the plan, but 1
am deterred by the trouble of getting it
properly cut and stored.
Answer.—Until we can hive some ar
rangement, similar to that for harvesting
our grain crops, that is, until the ma
chines can he carried to the small farm
ers, fhe plan of cutting and curing the
corn stalk and all, with a view of shred
ding, will not*be found practical. Farm
ers who plant large areas in corn will
find a machine an economical investment,
but small farmers, although they may
understand, that much of the most valu
able constituents of our crop are lost by
our wasteful methods of stripping off the
and ears and leaving the bare
stalks standing, yet cannot afford the ex
pense of a machine. Until these machines
ceme into general use, on the same plan
as our public gins and threshers, the man
of small means must abide his time. He
may, however, avoid much trouble from
cu: worms by cutting down the stalks
and using them in the bedding for his
stock. The standing stalks furnish a
breeding place and protection for the
worms, and 't these are plowed into the
lane with the stalks when turned under,
they often destroy the crop. We trust
the time will come when we Will never
see a corn stalk left standing in our
fields, but the whole plant, stalk, blades
ar.d ears will be applied to the more
economical uses.
A Talk Ahant Huy.
It is the hay season, says the Southern
Farm Gazette. Let us talk a little about
hay. There Is hay and there Is hay. The
quality or 1 feeding value of hay will de
pend not only upon the special kind of
plant grown, but also at what stage of
growth it Is mowed, how cured, and to a
greater or less extent as to the character
of soil it Is grown upon. Asa rule, when
the plant is cut at an early stage, before
the seed have well formed—the crop Is
not only less exhaustive to the soil, but
will possess more value as feed by rea
son of palatabillty and digestibility. It
is when the seed are matured that the
greatest drain is made upon the soil, and
as maturity advances, the woody element
increases In proportion, and the more
woody the plant the greater the diffi
culty and labor of the animal in digest
ing the food. A hay plant at a certain
degree of maturity may show a greater
chemical value as stock food, ye* when
tested In practice by the animal itself,
the immature and less chemically rich
plant may result In far better profit than
the other. Oxen and mature dry cattle
may thrive better on a hay well advanced
In maturity than milch cows and younger
stock. For calves very young and tender
grass Is best.
Much care and experience is necessary
to know at Just what stage of growth it
Is best to cut hay and the best manner
of curing. The condition of the weather
and the individual character of the plant
Itself, and the special purpose for which
the feed Is designed— must each be con
sidered In reaching conclusions. The
best quality of hay is secured by curing
partially In the shade, or In the cock. It
is difficult, If not impossible, to make the
best possible quality of hay when
the grass is cured in the sun entirely
Exclusive sun curing leaves the hay dry
and brittle and lifeless, and extracts color
and aroma from it. The hay ought to be
cured at least partially In the cock where
it may undergo a sweating process to a
greater or less extent. Hay that has gone
through a sweating in the cock is not so
near likely to spoil when put in the barn
as that which is even lees green in ap
pearance undergoing the sun curing pro
cess. In the case of the legumes, clover,
cow pease, vetches, etc., when exposed to
any considerable extent to the sun, the
leaves fall off. This character of plants
must be cured In the cock, or under shade,
In order to secure a fair quality of hay
It is a mistake to presume that our na
tive grasses, growing spontaneously in
pasture and meadow, are all inferior hay
grasses, (gome of them are better than
others, but most of them make fine hay
if only mowed at a stage of growth early
enough. With these plants, it is usual
ly the ease that they are mowed to make
up a shortage tn the hay supply, and are
not mowed until the eleventh hour—until
lt Is demonstrated that the cultivated
grasses, clover and forage plants are not
ample to supply the needs of the owner
then the over-ripe native plants are util
ized to supply the deficiency. Take our
common broom sedge for example Cut
for hay when young and tender and be
fore there is any evidence of seed stalk
putting up, the hay when properly cured
looks well, and the stock eat it well and
thrive upon It.
Large Eggs.
That some of the breeds lay egg3 of
very large size Is admitted, but it is not
always the hardiest breeds which excel
in that respect. Among the breeds which
have produced Individuals which layed
eggs weighing six to the pound may be
mentioned the Minorcas and Black Span
ish, but it is not to be supposed that such
large eggs are the rule, though there
are a great many flocks of Minorcas and
Black Spanish which lay eggs weighing
eight to the pound. The Brahmas and
Cochins also lay large eggs, but do not
quite equal in respect the breeds men
tioned above. The large combs of the
Minorcas and Black Spanish arc draw
backs to them In winter, as they are more
liamle to be frosted than the Brabmas,
and they are also non-sitters: tv from
early spring to the beginning ot winter j
It Is doubtful If there are an? reeds
known which excel them in lay:-. . and
under good conditions for protect. the*-
have also made excellent records in win- |
ter. For improving the common tiocks, j
tf choice pullets are desired, the *e of
males of the Minorca* or lilac* S anish j
breeds will prove profitable, and the pul- j
lets so produced will serve we 1 for pro
ducing broilers If mated with \Yi i- -.latte, I
Plymouth Hock. Cochin or Brahma j
males.—Exchange.
tew Hreekta.
It Is a temptation, when a n> w breed Is
offered, to accept It because of the many j
claims that may be advanced in its favor, j
but It Is not wise to use any of the newest j
breeds except in a limited manmr; not all
new breeds, however, for It is possible
that anew breed may be superior to any
of the recognized varieties, but it will
pay to always experiment before invest
ing too largely with something that is
not well known. All new breeds are her
alded with claims in their favor, which
leads the novice to suppose that they will I
be revolutionized; but the breeds finally j
fall Into their proper place in the list,
to give way to the #ext, which In turn
follows the ssme road. , Anew breed
may be a success in one climate and a
failure in another, and even two or three
seasons' trial is not always convincing.
There are now over eighty breeds of
chickens, ducks, geese apd turkeys, which
are sufficient to make a selection from,
all having been tested, some for half a
century, and it Is therefore better to use
the old and standard breeds than to fly
to newer kinds, unless there is an assur
ance that the new breeds are far supe
rior to the older varieties.—Farm and
Fireside.
Ode to Grass,
"Grass Is the forgiveness of nature—
her constant benediction. Fluids tram
pled with cattle, saturated with blood,
torn with the ruta of cannon, grow
green again with grass and carnage is
forgotten. Streets abandoned by traf
fic becomes grass grown, like rural lanes
and are obliterated. Forests decay, har
vests perish, flowers vanish, but grass
it Immortal. Beleaguered by the sullen
hosts of winter, it withdraws Into the Im
penetrable fortress of Its subterranean
vitality and emerges upon thi solicitation
of spring. Sown by the winds, by wan
dering birds, propagated by tin subtle
horticulture of the elements, which are Its
ministers ami servants. It softens the
nude outlines of the world. It evades the
solitude of deserts, cllmhs the Inaccessible
slopes and pinnacles of mountains and
modifies the history, character and des
tiny of nations. Unobtrusive and pa
tient, it hss immortal vigor and aggres
sion. Banish from the thoroughfares and
field, It bides Its time to return, and
when vigilance is relaxed anil the dynasty
has perished It silently resumes the
throne from which it never abdicates. It
bears no blazonry of bioom to charm the
sense with fragrance or splendor, but Its
homely hue Is more enchanting than the
lily or the rose. It yields no fruit In
earth or air, yet should Its harvest fall
for a single year famine would depopu
late the world ”
Pen Fowls Their Use.
Certainly they add much to the beauty
of a place, especially the cock, with a
grand tall spread In the sun; It Is as
pretty as imagination can picture. Mine
is only full grown and much admired by
all visitors. My hen is now setting, her
eggs are so much like the turkey egg, no
one not much used to them can tell them
apart. Perhaps after she comes off and
raises them I can tell more of them from
actual experience; can now only give the
testimony of others who have had them
longer. One marc said tw n*t. they are the
"prettiest, whitest ana sweetest meat t
erer saw or ate.” They lay five eggs be
fore sitting, then you may take them
away, and she will go to anew place and
lay five more eggs. Hut If you do not
wish her to quit the nest never put your
hand in It, for she will quit, even If Just
ready to hatch. They live largely on
bugs, are small -eaters of grain except
in cold weather, they eat about like a
turkey; they have habits much like the
turkey in their nesting. I find them good
watchmen, the cock, most especially, he
will sit on the highest point he can reach
at night, and will give his warning cry
If any unusual noise or stranger ap
proaches; will also frighten away hawks.
The hen sometimes will pyll.'a chick'll
hen from the nest, or pick a hen with
chickens, during the first few days after
she Is turned out. They have never hurt
my little chickens. 1 recently saw the
meat of one that was wounded by a wolf,
It was fat, tender anil whiter than tur
key. Anothe.r lady says she prefers them
to any turkey to. eat. and I do not And
them any trouble to keep at lusma.
Cultivating.
I may say at tha start thqt after sev
eral careful trials I have been thoroughly
converted to the idea of deep and thor
ough preparation of the soil before
planting, and of shallow but thorough
cultivation during growth, especially so
during the early stages. Have the soil
In a fine tilth when the planting Is done,
.and then keep it In fine tilth until the
cron Is considered as made. I hqve be
come thoroughly convinced that no sot
rules as to exact manner or the num
ber of times that the cultivation should
be given will answer every year. What
may be best one year will not always be
best another, and we must In a measure
be guided by reason. My Idea Is to, as
nearly as possible, commence the culti
vation as soon as the condition of the
soil and the other farm work will permit
after planting, using an implement like
the harrow or weeder that will thorough
ly fine the surface shallow but completely.
Keep In the beat condition. If the.soll
has been plowed deep and thorough at
the start, ther* la no particular advant
age in keeping stirring it deep after* the
plants start to grow well. In fact, deep
stirring of the soil implies the injuring
or killing of more or less of the roots.
The plants grow through the food sup
plied through the roots that push their
way through the soil and take up the
plant food, and by the leaves that sup
ply or secure plant food from the air.
The Injuring or taking off ol' 'apy num
ber of either of these means of supplying
plant food must in a measure cut short
the supply of plant food to the growing
plant.
Because a fairly good crop is secured by
giving deep cultivation is only negative
SICK HEADACHE
Positively cured by these
Little Pills.
They also relieve Distress from Dyspepsia,
Indigestion and Too Hearty Fating. A per.
fcet remedy for Dizziness, Nausea, Drowsi.
BBSS, Bad Taste in the Mouth, Coated Tongue
Pain in the Side, TORPID LIVER. They
Regulate the Rowels. Purely Vegetable.
Small Pin. Small Dose.
Small Price*
proof that the plan Is a good one, as
shallow cultivation might have given a
much better growth and yield, Shallow
t uluvatloti gives the advantage of saving
time and labor, besides affording z better
opportunity of repeating as often as may
be consul,-red necessary for the best
growth ami yield of the erop. While It
Is possible to give too much cultivation,
it is certainly an exceptional case when
this Is done. Though I can harly say
that I favor late cultivation, let I am
satisfied that It always pays with alt cul
tivated crops to keep up the cultivation
until fhe crop can be considered as made.
In some seasons a less number of culti
vations will be needed than at others.
Ordinarily, I consider ten good harrow
ings and four thorough cultivations all
that is necessary to be given. But 1 have
harrowed both corn and pototoes twice
an,l then cultivated six times, and ant
satisfied that none too much cultivation
was given. In a majority of cases I am
satisfied that the last one or two cultiva
tions were by far the most profitable.
Keeping the surface of the soil fine and
mellow and stirring frequently aids ma
terially to retain moisture in the soil.
Try this plan of having the soil In a tine
tilth on the surface, and if there Is a
dry spell scrape away the surface soli
and see how nice and moist the soil Is
underneath. But if the soil Is stirred deep
It will dry out as deep as It Is stirred, and
this, of course. Is against the best grow th
and thrift. The safest plan Is to culti
vate as often as the condition of the
soil and of the crops may seem necessary
and to continue until the crop may be
considered made.—Farmers' Home.
Sweet Potato ) nit ure.
A few farmers claim to get better crops
from large seed than from small seed, but
the experiment stations of several states
fall to find any difference, but all agree
that potatoes grown from vine cuttings
make better seed than those from slips
or "draws." In the lower south growers
often plant an acre or ttyo of cut seed
after the manner of planting Irish po
tatoes, and from these get vine cuttings
for remainder of the erop. At the Ala
bama station vine cuttings gave a greater
yield than slips, but at the I*oulsiana
station the reverse was true. There seems
to be little difference. Potatoes from vine
cuttings are smoother and keep better
than those from slips. Pruning the vines
to obtain cuttings reduces the yield some
what and causes a larger per cent, of
small potatoes.
Except on cold, wet soils level culture
or low ridges give better results than
high ridges. Texas, Georgia and Ala
bama stations got best yields from level
culture; Louisiana from high ridges.
Rows should be three and one-half feet
apart and plants fifteen inches apart In
the row; for feeble growing varieties,
eighteen inches for medium and two feet
for rank growers. Some succeed with
checks thirty inches each way and save
hoe work. Moving tho vines to prevent
rooting does not pay.
Potash is the most essential fertilizer,
though a complete fertilizer gives best re
sults on soils not already fertile. Plenty
of humas or decayed vegetable matter
In the soil is necessary to good results
with sweet potatoes.
Shallow cultivation to keep the ground
mellow and keep down (truss and weeds
till the vines shade the entire Held is
all that is needed.
The Texas station prevents fungus dis
eases and insect Injuries by dipping the
plant in twenty-eight gallons of bordeau
mixture into which three ounces of lon
don purple has been thoroughly stirred
at time of planting. Never plant on tbe
same hind two years in succession.
For stock food Providence, Gen. Grant
and Shanghnt give heaviest yield, though
pqor in quality. The Vineless yam seems
to be the most prolific table variety.
The Scrap Book.
The Scrap Book (By Scissors).—"The stu
dious farmer is learning that the act of
plowing is not merely a mechanical oper
ation, while the great bulk of plowmen the
world over are without a single Idea upon
this point. Soils vary and seasons vary.
Although many have more or less defined
Ideas as to the necessity for variations in
treatment of these soils, In time and man
ner of plowing nnd working for the best
results, do even the most intelligent prac
tice the best they know?
••••••
Potted Plant*.—Potted plant* very often
suffer from Lock of moisture at the roots,
when we think we have watered them
rigjit along very freely. When the hall of
earth in the pot becomes dry it shrinks,
perhaps leaving a slight open space be
tween pot and earth, and when water is
applied it will run off on the inner surface
of the pot, and escape through the drain
age hole. While the soil In the pot re
mains dry. The best way to water potted
plants Is by absorption from the bottom
up. Stand the pot in a pan, tank or other
receptacle that contains a few Inches of
water, and leave It there until the soil In
the pot has become soaked up to the top
This secures thoroughness, and will have
fhe best results.
Successions.—Where ftora'ge *or garden
crops, or feed crops of any sort have been
cut short by drought, advantage should
be taken of the first fall rains to put In
substitute crops. There are many valuable
feed crops that may be grown in the fall
and made to take the place of corn, oats
and other earlier crops that may have suf
fered. The main thing should be to keep
all the stock In a thrifty condition. If this
can be done with fall grown forage then
the failure of corn, etc,, will be hut light
ly felt.
• ••**•
Tq Can Corn.—Select young, tender
corn, cut twice from the cob, never scrap
ing; add one heaping teaspoon of salt to
each half gallon. Put the corn in Jars,
fit the rubbers and tops on, and place the
jars In a vessel deep enough to allow
water to come over the tops of the Jars,
after the wood or cloth has been put In
the bottom to protect the Jars. After the
water has been put in the vessel set upon
the fire and boil three hours. Take from
the lire and tighten the tops, and when
cool,, tighten again, then wrap in brown
paper and keep In a cool, dark place.
Feathers From Ducks.—Ducks may be
plucked as well as geese, and for that
reason the Pekin or Aylesbury breeds,
which are pure white in color are most
desirable. There Is quite a value in feath
ers where large numbers of ducks are
kept, and Mr. Rankin, who is known as
raising thousands every year, states that
feathers pay all expenses of picking, pre
paring and shipping the ducks to market.
The feather from live ducks of the large
breeds command nearly as high a price as
those from geese.
* • •
Bagging Grapes.—Not so much is writ
ten now as used to be about bagging grapes
to keep them from insect enemies or fun
gous diseases. The object Is much better
accomplished by spraying with the Bor
deaux mixture. The bags required a good
deal of labor to apply, and at the low rate
that grapes have lately sold for It did not
pay. Besides it was found that the pro
tection made the grape skins more tender,
so that they were less prepared for long
transportation or for long keeping. Bag
ging grapes is still praetlced by ama
teurs, but it is a practice likely to be
confined to them.
0 0 0
Irregular Hatching.—There Is some va
riation In the time of hatching hen’s eggs,
depending on the vigor of the fowls and
the time eggs are left eold before being
sat on. With strong vigorous fowls 20
days will see most of the chicks out.
Late In the season the germ In the eggs
sometimes begins to evolve into a chick
even before it,is sat on, from the heat
of the weather. This has been known
to occur in the house, and we remember
a neighbor who kept eggs In a basket
not far from the kitchen who found a
live chick among them unmothered. It
had been hatched out from the heat of the
stove in the next room.
• • •
Java's Wonderful Giant Radish—The
giant radish of Java is one of the won
ders of tile vegetable kingdom. The root,
which is from eight inches to a foot in
diameter and from three to five feet in
length, according to the sol! upon which
it grows, is not eaten, the pods only be
ing considered as fit for food. The mos;
wonderful thing about the great Java
radish, after its use has beep taken Into
consideration, is the wonderful rapidity
If you’re a butcher,
b *A. y you want Pearline. You want it for the
proper washing of your frocks and
aprons, and to keep the benches,
j/f v(ovi\ I blocks, floors, shelves, hooks,
etc., as clean as they ought to be.
i'There’s nothing that will do
\ / l) /thislikePwrlme. And it takes
\vl I/y so little time, and so little trouble
and work that there’s no excuse for
not doing it. Keep everything dainty
and sweet and clean with Pearline.
J reddlers and some unscrupulous grocers will tell you "this is as good os'*
OcnQ* or "the same as Pearline.’’ IT'S FALSE —Pearline is never peddled,
♦*. -a-* * and if your grocer sends you something in place of Pearline, lie
lt BECK honest-Wi/Aori. SUB J.\itES PYLE, New York.
and) Another Week
% of Big Bargains.
The shrewd buyer that drops hla
hook Into our shop this week la
•are ot a gond cateh. The reason
why, wo have made a redaction ot
BO PER CENT, on oar THIN SUITS,
COATS and VESTS and EXTRA
PANTS is heenuar the exigencies ot
■ xi/ . the hoar, the necessities of tho mo
mrnt, the demands of trade nnd the
growth of oar business compel as
(T |H A to do so In order to get ready foe
onr fall trade. The original price,
will be found on nil of our clothlngr,
nnd when yon select u CRASH, LIN
EN, SEERSUCKER SUIT, or a pair of
TROUSERS, yon pny only ONE-HALF
THE HARKED PRICE. We’ll be
looking for you to-day.
0
sdl Appel & Schaul,
A Clothiers, Tailors and Haberdashers,
with which it grows, the plant often In
creasing one to two inches In circumfer
ence, within twenty-four hours. The
pods are eaten raw, cooked as aspara
gus. as a salad, or pickled like cucum
bers.
Temperature at Which Seeds Germinate
—Lato experiments at one of the Cana
dian agricultural experiment stations
prove that the different seeds germinate
at various temperatures, varying with
the species and the amount of moisture
present. Some seeds. It was found, would
sprout when the temperature of the soil
was constantly kept at the freezing point.
This was true of the seeds of white mus
tard, which germinated at a temperature
of 30 degrees Fahr. Indian corn germina
ted at a temperature of 48 degrees, water
melon seed at 63 degrees and trlpolium
repens at 42 degrees. It was also foyml
that the different seeds germinate be
tween certain/ limits of temperature, the
greater part of those exprlmented upon
not germinating at all If the temperature
was kept above 63 degrees.
By Products of the Dairy.—Almost all
great manufacturing enterprises now de
rive a great part of their profits from the
careful saving and use of by products that
were formerly wasted. It Is much t'he same
with the dairy. There la no large margin
of profit in making flutter nnd cheese at
present prices, and the question (how to
dispose of the by products left after these
are made usually decides whether the re
sult khall be on the loss or on the profit
side. .Making curd cheese without rennet
from the skim milk Is a profitable way to
use It Where a near market can he had for
it. Almost every city or village would dis
pose of a large Quantity every day If It
were placed on market. Besides this, feed
ing skim milk to fowls, to pigs and to the
cows are nil good ways to dispose of it.
Which will be most profitable must depend
on circumstances.
• • .
Land Plaster.—Land plaster Is very val
uable on all our soils when used in con
nection with clover. It Is not In Itself a
fertilizer, but It takes up the ammonia,
and holds It In the sol! as a plant food.
Chemists tell us that all vegetable matter
while decaying generates ammonia, and
as that evaporates at eighty degrees, It
goes back again Into the soil by being con
densed with moisture, then the land plas
ter takes It up and holds It for the soil.
• e •
Poor Grain Seed.—The loss to this coun
try from poor seed, can never bo ascertain
ed, but beyond doubt It is much more than
the most of us realize. The difference be
tween a bushel of seed corn that throws
out as strong healthy sprout, and one
that throws out a sickly sprout after wa
ter gathers around the germ, Is at least
ten dollars per bushel to the one planting
It. I apprehend that the runnlgout of small
grain, that so many complain of. Is large
ly due to Imperfect seed. Grain that has
heated Is more or less Impaired for seed.
To avoid this we should let our grain for
seed get thoroughly ripe, stick it In small
stacks or put It on a scaffold when dry.
The amount of Injury It receives from ma
chine threshing- I am not prepared to say.
—Harrison Cole.
• • •
The Benign Mother.—“ Nature Is a kind
ly and solicitous mother. She knows that
bare land becomes unproductive land. Its
elements must bo unlocked and worked
over and digested by the roots of plants.
The surface must be covered to catch the
rains and to hold the snows, to retain the
moisture and to prevent the baking and
cementing of the soil. The plant tissues
add fiber and richness to the land, and
make It amenable to all the revivifying
Influences of sun and rain and air anil
warmth. Th© plant Is co-partner with
the weather in the building of the primal
soils. • • * Nature Intends to leave no
vacant or bare surfaces. She providently
covers the railway embankment with
quack-grass or willows, and she scatters
daisies in the old meadows where the land
has grown sick and tired of grass. So, if
I pull up a weed, I must quickly fill the
hole with some other plant, or nature will
tuck another weed Into It
* • •
Four Rules—Notice these four things,
if you wish to succeed In canning: (1)
The vessel cdhtalnlng the fruit or vege
tables must be filled to the brim; (2rlt
must be put up boiling hot; (3) must be
perfectly air-tight; (4) and kept In a cool,
dark place.
Keep canned goods In a eool, dark
cellar or closet. If this is Impracticable
they should be wrapped in brown paper
and put in a cool, dark place.
If It Is desired to cook the fruit before
canning, peel, cut, put Into a porcelain
kettle and Just cover with water; add
one or two teacups of white sugar lo
each half gallon of fruit. Let boil a few
minutes. Remove from the fire and put
in the Jars (which have been warming
while the fruit was cooking) and seal. Bo
very careful that they are alr-tlght. Veg
etables require more cooking, if canned
In the same way.
• • •
To Can Snap Beans.—Wasih young, ten
der snap licans. Siring them or place In iho
Jar whole, as preferred. Fill the Jars with
cold water, fit on the rubbers and tops;
place them 111 a deep vessel ns above di
rected; boll one and a half or two hours.
Tighten the tops well, and put away In a
cool, dark place.
Butter beans and English peas, shelled,
require about one hour’s boiling. Okra,
one-half hour. Corn, okra and tomatoes
may be put up for use In soup. Cut tho
okra in thin chips ami boll. Reel the to
matoes and cook. When both are cooked
tender, mix them In the proportion of two
quarts of okra to three of tomatoes, then
add two quarts of young, tender corn cut
from the cob, and a tahlcspoonful of salt.
Let all boll fifteen minutes, stirring con
stantly, Put in Jars and seal while 'hot. It
will be best to boll this a few minutes after
it Is put in Jars, and then seal. After It la
cold see that the Jars are well tightened
and set away in a cool, dark place.
Tho Number of Useful Plants.—
Of late years there has been a wonder
ful addition to the number of known
useful plants, tho total being now put
at about 15,000 by the botanists. Among
tho lot aro 5,000 roughly classed as “eco
nomic and food plants.” The above In
cludes 1,10) edible fruits and berries and
300 edible seeds. Fifty are reckoned among
the cereals and 40 as "uncultivated edible
graminaceous seeds.” Four hundred and
twenty are classed as “vegetables and sal
ads,” and 260 aro listed among tho “roots
tubers.”
There are 37 of the onion species, 40
palms, 32 varieties of arrowroot, 39 plants
from which sugar may be extracted In
paying quantities, and 40 other reckoned
among the “saleps,” whatever that may
be. Vinous drinks are obtained from 200
Plants; aromatics from 266. There are 50
substitutes for coffee and 129 for tea. Tan
nin Is present In 148 plants and caoutchouc
(India rubber) In 96. Gutta percha ts
found In but 7, while “resin and balsam
ic" gums aro yielded by not less than
3*9. There are 10 wax trees and plants
and 330 which yield "greae and essential
oils." Eighty-eight different plants con
tain potash, soda and iodine, and 650
ate of use to the dyer and ink man. Up
wards of 300 of them have fibers that are
of use to tho weaver and 44 are used
In making paper. Forty-eight are used
In making roofing preparations, and 740
are used In miscellaneous building op
erations. Out of all (he plants known
to belong to the kingdom only
Cl 5 are in any degree poisonous.
Aiir an unknown.
■* U I nIJ SPECKLED,
IllirUr CLAY, MIXED
Ulll.ni and WHITE.
LEMONS. 0% Ilf HAY.
ONIONS. HallMf GKAIN,
PK.tNCTS. | l iifH FEED and
MEANS. UU VI FLOCK.
Try our Cow Feed. DEIJIQ
173 and 175 May. | tHUI
\V. D. SIMKINB.
PLUMBING, STEAM AND 6AS FITTIN3
hy Competent Workmen at Reasonable
Figures.
l. a. McCarthy.
All work done under my supervision. A lull
supply of tilobes. Chandeliers, Steam and Uas
Fittings ol all the latest styles, at
40 DRAYTON .sI'KEEI'
Empty Molasses Hogsheads
FOR SALE BY
C. M. GILBERT & CO.
loVelu
L' 1 nui one __neautlful designs,bouquets,
T lUuuid plants, and cut dowers
Leave orders at Rwenfeld at Murray’s, A,
Whitaker st„ or Telephone i!tu RIESLINU.
Take Belt Line railway lor nursery on Waits
Bluff road
OLD NtCWSPAPKItO, Mu tor & cetiu.ay
Business office Horsing News,
5