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■ e sfc ,: it articles far this dopartro
Hr, . v -t tlie writer should acf
; . . .. but as an evidence of 4
I
.mi communications re ve
H. ' •; rir.il and horticultural
■> 'id : to Agri. Editor, Drat * ’
■
H <.riming Artichokes,
> j Swim:. Glenwood, Ga.,** 9 £or
■ regarding artichok As the
JHpaint’ It.in at's. this vegetable lonss to
s.;t.*: ■ r family, havinf mall yel "
u mi the matured that re "
K, ; . -a diminutive senflov The arti "
Hfc. !>••’ rests its claim for f reflation in
table garden simp 011 its d llal *
,is a material for pic' 3- It aftords
t: .• nicest and a/* 16 sam(> time
■g, i-ni.-t pickle that 1 ” P oSßib * y * ,e
|H F A great many pe le prefer a well
i.n iioke pickle tc* ost every otai!r
Ti re is no crop more lS '' y frown than
a :ti- take, and imde'° 0< * culture hun
r • , ... but Ihartichoke, when
■LV,:. . irly in the ring, continues to
H;,3 mi increase itf r °P u,u ‘* " le kM*
frost comes.
T ; fv must nut bo u & when the tops
■ire n ' killed, hut 0 tubers can lie in
all the wter and be dug just
jjH e. , .id, b they must be gath-
the tuts begin to sprout,
Ir.iv are like to do in February.
|H', ... i:, in, s andtrge towns consul, r-
H.ii, pr-dd ought the derived from a
H, or half aciin artichokes.
■ I- g. table isbt appreciated as .it
H, I. l„. ihough;f't were, a thousand
|, t s ut i',. kies vuld be put up in the
j^8.,, ; , wi;, re one ' now, and the poor
u ■ lie m a regularly as they do
other article < food.
Bj i r.is orijiic nothing is superior
artichoke picklt
BB 'i’lit n ever, varieties of the Jeru-
Hu ■!:. a: Hi nuke—'ie red, purple, yellow
|H I ue mimmoth white doubtless
■as goal as any,for it is very product
fl, it diuni-sizi dtubers cut in half and
|H;, ~, , j , .. i.iren iiehes in the row, with
ilii ■ i , four feet apart, is the sim
jHH of planto*. that only needs
■He,i t , ii in | i nonghfulture to keep the
|H. I, ail. to product anywhere from 150
■HtoTju bushels to the fere.
■H our busnels have been grown on
mi husSels should be a very
crop. /
■■ f • St ■ mi n duhand $2 to $3 per bushel
|H .. ,i oolys, but this is very exhor
|H :.' Moiny in lie made in growing
|Hc m for 25e pel bushel.
BB Artvh ,k"S .sited and fried or stewed
He 1,.k, , ni ii;) a very nice dish to he
rv, but. , urse. they are never likely
■ v r,impel, w.m Irish potatoes as an ar
|i : iut the Irish potato on the
Hr'i,< r haul .in never compete with ar
■ lii hek. s as n Material for making pickles.
1 a only quality we are claiming for it
H : cn'iibs lto garden culture. Those
Hwho are cognizant of its value on the
Bm k farm n id not be told how valuable
Ba ■ rep the artichoke is for hogs and cows,
H H"gs c.m i, t he raised to the greatest
Hi eit on any farm without the aid of
H artichokes far hog cholera and other dis-
H rises are not likely to prevail amongst
H fogs that | ve a fair ration of lytichokes
H daily in the winter and spring, but let
H i- grow more artichokes and make more
H pickles then we ever did before.
I “Greens.”
■ There arc a great many plants grown
B fur greens, but there is none superior to
B fiiinaeh. It is surpising that so many
■ gardeners neglect its culture. It is one
■of the easiest plants to cultivate, being,
I to fart, the hardiest.
■ If there is anything nicer in the way of
■ foiled vegetables than spinach we know
■ not what it is. It can be sown from Sep-
I bather to April, but to get the most of a
■ tingle sowing it should be sown in the fall
B f rcm September to November. Sown ear
■ l.v in the fal. it gives a nice' supply of
■ greens before freezing weather, and grows
■ on very promptly again as soon as the soil
"gins to warm up in February. Make
■ 'in soil rich as possible. Prepare thor.
I °“' :n 'v "hh plow and harrow or rake. Lay
■ off shallow drills two feet apart, and sow
ugh seed to insure a stand. A plant
■houij be left every three or four Inches,
ftp.st upon having fresh seed. After sow
,Rg see l cover light with a rake and then
run a roller along the rows to press the
tv to the seed. In a few days the plants
"'.I appear and two or three hoeings on
epings will soon get the crop under
way.
fie market gardeners near the large
, : 1 v tincl spinach one of their most satis
... tory , lops, realizing oftentimes as much
clear profit per acre. It sells for
to 12.50 per barrel, and 200 or more
;a, iv.s can be made per acre on rich
'oe have never had a crop of spinach
, rt by told weather. It is very impa
of the sun, and It is time wasted to
~ 'm P ' 10 B row St after April. In hot
' atner i- will shoot right to seed, when
l"" lin the spring. For spring use it can
• sown in December, or January even.
■ course, when the plants are quite young
' . may be heaved out by severe freezes,
ihe plant can be solidly frozen and re-
Wr" S V Or a lonK tlme without being
... r There are a number of varieties
"?!?•.?& The "Prickly.” “Large Round
fT; ’ Vlrafly," and the “Lsmg Stand
are enough to name. The last, as
n '‘a ie Indicates, shows less tendency to
t" i.SIf e . ea . than BOme of the othcr kinds.
Bblf. ck Leaved " variety is also desir
•l'mc leaves should be carefully culled,
l.mier P#r * ect y done ' and served hot with
r , ,l’ Pepper, salt (and vinegar, if de-
n ,^ 8 e “ Ch leaf 18 lal<l ln hot
t wilt a U ’ . W ' P e PP er a " d salt each leaf.
I, fj!" i 0 ,0 repeat, that there is nothing
to | ( h “ y ° f a bolle<l vegetable superior
Ihe llnsluens Hear of America.
'°or in quality as Is the Kieffor, It Is
, t,a!,lneß3 " Pear of America. The can
‘‘ Packsters and grocers like It, and,
' '' r “ ry t 0 ‘ ,he opinion of the lovers of
. rull, Ino,t ot the consumers liko it.
itiiri .IT l / e * ** har,,y “nd bears heavily,
ti m, C frult may b ® handled almost like
• ” atoea, the grower likes it. Among v/ln-
yj are a thousand tx
£ good reasons why you wl
( should use 1
COTTOLENE
l There are none why you |
should use lard.
The N. K. Fairbank Company,
Si. l.otui, Chicago, /m
PHflf >’w Orleana, Balti- MFm
jter pears, the Lawrence has, so far, stood
(the test about the best. Therefore, the
bnarket pear grower will do well to plant
about in the following proportion of stand
ard trees, twenty-live feet apart, and fill
in with Angouleme on dwarf stock, doub
ling the number in each row, or, plant
standards twenty feet apart; Kieffer, onc
half; Bartlett, one-fourth; Lawrence, one
fourth.—H. E. Van Deman.
AVho In So Well Provided Fort
There is no one, perhaps, who groans
more over hard times than the farmer,
and yet, who is so well provided for? In
what manufacturer’s or trader’s home can
you go and find such stores laid up for
winter?
Hear the buzz of the steam saw, as it
cuts and slashes piles of wood almost as
high as the house—enough for all winter.
Hear the sputtering of great pots of lard,
as it is cooking in fireplaces or upon cook
stoves. Go down cellar and look at the
pork barrels,the butter tubs and great bins
of potatoes and apples, pumpkins and cab
bages. Go to the garret and behold yards
upon yards of sausage, and bags after
bags of dried fruits. Go to the smoke
house and look upon all the hams and
shoulders. Go to the barn and behold the
grain there stored, and ask yourself what
manufacturer or tradesman would not
consider himself rich with such a show
for winter—to say nothing about the milk
and eggs and poultry that are coming in
every day.
But it seems to be the fashion of every
farmer to groan when someone is going
ahead of him, or he does not get tiptop
prices for everything he produces.
I often think if some farmers would
spend as much time in thanking God for
the mercies they receive, as they do in
growling, they would prosper much more,
or, certainly, have a greater right to
claim such divine promises, as: “He whose
delight is in the law of the Lord shall be
like a tree planted by the rivers of water,
that bringeth forth his fruit in his sea
son; his leaf also shall not wither; and
whatsoever he doeth shall prosper.”—Mrs.
A. E. C. Maskell.
Geese.
No fowl can be reared with as much
profit and with so little care as the goose,
says the Poultry Fancier. After they have
attained the age of 4 months but little at
tention is required other than supplying
plenty of fresh water, a good grass range
and a scrupulously dry roosting place,
which must also be free from lice and
other vermin fatal to the young.
It Is Impossible to provide free range,
the next best substitute is wire netting,
which need be but about eighteen inches
high to' confine them until matured. Give
them fresh water twice each day, also
green food, such as turnip tops, celery and
cabbage, or allow them free range morn
ing and evening.
When Thanksgiving time arrives, you
can generally dispose of young goslings
at 10 cents per pound, and their average
weight will be about ten pounds. Sup
pose, for instance, you have twelve “goose
lets” at $1 each, the receipts from the sale
would be sl2, and the cost of feed has been
but a trifle. It is safe to say that your
profit will have been $lO on the transac
tion. - Of course, they cannot always be
disposed of at $1 each; but, on the other
hand, the price is often more than a dol
lar; hence we take it as a basis on which
to figure. We doubt if fancy fowls would
pay better, considering, of course, that
we always have a ready market for our
geese. By crossing a China gander on
Toulouse geese large goslings are obtain
ed, quick to grow, nicely marked, with
medium length necks, yellow bills and re
markably easy to domesticate.
RuiNing Chickens.
The poultry business is taking a strong
foothold in the south, says Home and
Farm. It is not alone the fanciers that
breed thoroughbreds, but the farmers
have at last come to the conclusion that
the “scrub must go,” and go they will;
we are tired of seeing the dunghills on
the farms.
It is only a matter of time that the
scrub hens will be exterminated from the
farm forever; there are only a few people
that say that the dunghills are the best
general purpose fowls. I do not think
that this is their firm belief; it is only
prejudice. With as many different breeds
as we now have, one can surely find
something to equal the scrubs.
We have, for instance, the fancy or or
namental breeds; the egg-laying (non-sit
ting) varieties; the table and general pur
pose fowl. Of these you can pick. I' as
sure you you will be able to find some
thing to suit your taste. It is not hard
to find a breed as ornamental as the
scrub, and no one would have the audaci
ty to compare the egg-laying qualities of
a scrub with that of a Leghorn or Minor
ca, or to compare the table qualities of a
scrub with that of an Indian game, Coch
in, Brahma, etc.; no one can dispute th
superiority of a thoroughbred fowl.
It does not cost more to raise a fine
chicken than it does a scrub: they da
not eat more, less if anything, and the
profit is greater, and the pleasure of see
ing high bred birds is thrown in. Of
course, it costs a little money to start,
but you can surely afford to epend a lit
tle money In this direction: it is to your
interest for a fact; it is an improvement
on the farm. It is well known that to
have only thoroughbred stock on the farm
helps to enhance the same. It is a sign
of prosperity, and as poultry is lndis
pensible on a farm, you may as well
make a start with thoroughbred fowls.
You will, perhaps, say “the scrubs have
no equal." Well, that is true, but they
do have superiors.
Japanese Plums.
Referring to the varieties of Japanese
plums most In favor for this season's
planting, especially in the lower south and
the Gulf region, A. H. Manvllle writes as
follows:
The introduction of Japanese plums has
no parallel in the history of American po
mology. In other fruits gradual develop
ment has given rise to our lists of ap
proved varieties—an occasional discovery,
an importation here and an importation
there. But, in the case of the Japanese
plums, we have an Important class in a
leading fruit, comprising many varieties,
transfered from one continent to another,
proving eminently well adapted In lts new
home, and at once taking a leading place.
Since the dissemination of Kelsey, little
more than ten years ago, over fifty varie
ties of Japanese plums, as listed by Prof.
Bailey, have been Introduced, and are
more or less well known in this country.
Ab a class they are especially suited 10
the south, where they have opened anew
era In plum culture. Especially Is this
true In the coast belt, where some of the
varieties have given remarkable result*.,
THE MORNING NEWS: MONDAY, JANUARY 11. 1897.
The first importations were not sufficient
ly hardy to withstand northern winters,
and for a time the impression prevailed
that these plums would be valuable only
In the south, but a number of them have
since proved hardy as far north as Con
necticut, New York, and lowa, and are be
ing extensively planted.
Among the better known varieties whose
merits have been thoroughly tested, Bur
bank is, perhaps, most noteworthy. It
has given good results over a vvlde range
of territory, and has been generally plant
ed throughout the country. (I think Prof.
Bailey has underestimated this variety in
the matter of growth, in my experience,
und wherever I have seen it, it has been
an exceptionally strong and lusty grower.)
Abundance is better known ihan any other
variety at the north, and succeeds in
many sections of the south and south
west. In the south and southeast, Botan
(which may be identical with Berckmans)
is one of the most profitable. For the
lower south, the foregoing can be recom
mended, and also Kelsey in Florida and
the Gulf region.
Red Nagate, a very early ripening sort
which has come into notice more recently
than the above. Is much in demand, and
Willard, another new early sort, is at
tracting considerable attention. New va
rieties of Japan plums are continually
being brought forward. In our list of
over thirty this year, eighteen are new.
Some of these new varieties must be tried
before they can be recommended, as they
are offered under the descriptions which
came with them from Japan. Other new
varieties, like Wickson, Red June and
Hale, before being sent out were fruited
in this country by well-known pomolo
gists, and can be depended upon for good
results wherever they proved adapted.
(Some contend that Red June is the same
as Red Nagate, but, so far as I knc-.,
this has not been demonstrated by com
parison of the two when in fruit.)
Wickson and Hale, for size, beauty and
quality of fruit; Red June foe earliness,
and all three for vigor and prolificness.
are remarkable among fruits introduced
for a generation.
Grafting Fruit Trees.
The winter season affords the oppor
tunity of looking through the orchard and
deciding whether or not any of the trees
would be better for grafting, writes Jo
seph Meahan in Gardening. Very often
there are trees of kinds unsuited for the
locality, and which would be greatly im
proved by being grafted with sorts known
to do well. It may be, too, that room
could be found for the trial of some of
the newer kinds. It is better where trial
kinds are to be used that thy should be
placed on a tree by themselves, rather
than a kind here and there throughout an
orchard. A tree with more than one sort
on it is rarely good shaped. Nearly ev
ery variety of fruit has a habit of growth
peculiar to it, and when two are on one
tree the growth is rarely uniform, so that
a well shaped tree is out of the question.
Trees are often as much valued for their
beautiful growth as for the fruit they
bear.
Cions for grafting should be cut while
still entirely dormant. If left on the trees
until the buds begin to swell, grafting is
not apt to be successful. A good many
practice cutting them soon after New
Year's. The best shoots are vigorous ones
from vigorous trees. Such as are of about
three-eighths of an inch in diameter are
about the right size to use, or a trifle
smaller or larger. These shoots are to be
kept buried up in soil, out of doors, or
in a cool cellar, there to remain until
wanted. When to be used, cut them so
that two eyes will be left to each piece, to
appear above where inserted in the stock.
The proper time to graft is when the
tyjds on the trees are visibly swelling.
Tliis indicates a flowing of the sap, which
must commence beforehand, or grafting
will not succeed. If the cions are entirely
darmant, grafting may be successfully
done even after the trees are almost in
leaf, though much better done when the
first signs of swelling buds are perceived.
On the other hand, if done before the sap
rises, the cions dry out and die, receiving
no support from the stock.
To be successful in grafting, the outer
bark of the cion must exactly meet the
outer bark of the stock and the cion must
be cut as true as possible, that the parts of
each may fit each other closely. Some
times when the stock is of much larger
diameter than the cion, two cions are
used, one on each side of the stock, and it
is a very good arrangement.
It is not often that branches over an
ifleh in diameter are used for stocks.
Those of three-quarter-inch diameter are
very good. The larger ones will usually
hold the cion by their own spring, with
out having to tie them, but those of lesser
diameter are the better for being tied, to
hold the cions firmly in place. After this
there is still to be applied some material
to keep dampness and air out. In olden
times clay was used, but at the present
time what is called grafting wax is used
nearly altogether. This can be bought
cheaply ready for use at any large seed or
horticultural store. Those who prefer to
make their own can do so by melting to
gether one'pound rosin, one-fourth pound
beeswax and two pounds tallow, to be
warmed up and be applied with a brush,
just enough to cover all the cut parts is
sufficient. A liquid mixture is made as
follows: One pound rosin, one once beef
tallow, when cool, after melting, add
eight ounces of alcohol, and keep it in a
bottle. _
Johnson Grass.
An Alabama farmer writing to Southern
Farm some time since expresses himself
as follows: A great deal has been said
for and against this grass, some contend
ing that it is an unmigigated nuisance,
wjiile other regard it is “par excellence”
the hay plant for the south. Both are right,
when it is allowed to get passesison of
cu.tivated lands intended for other crops,
I know of no greater pest, or one that is
'harder to eradicate. But when well set
on rich land, intended for permanent cut
ting, there Is no grass, north or south, that
will yield such a quantity of splendid hay
that all kinds of stock relish.
The ground sleeted for my experiment Is
a strip of rich second bottom on the Coosa
river, and It is a deep, sandy loam. All
stumps and other obstructions having been
removed, the plot was thoroughly and
Une reason why Scott's
Emulsion cures weak throats,
weak lungs, makes rich
blood, and strengthens puny
and delicate children is be
cause all its parts are mixed
in so scientific a manner that
the feeblest digestion can
deal with it. This experi
ence has only come by doing
one thing for nearly 25 years.
This means, purest in
gredents, most evenly and
delicately mixed, best adapted
for those whose strength has
tailed or whose digestion
would repel an uneven pro
duct v V<X •* by al ' d I “**! St
_ foe. sud|H I
SWIFTS
SPECIFIC
is far ahead of any blood remedy on the
market, lor it does so much more. Be
sides removing impurities, and toning up
the run-down system, it cure* any blood
disease, it matters not how deep-seated or
obstinate, which other so-called blood
remedies fail to reach. It is a real blood
remedy for real blood diseases.
Mr. Asa Smith, of Greencastle, Ind.,
writes: “I had such a bad case of Sciatic
Rheumatism that I became absolutely
helpless—unablo to take my food or handle
myself in any wav. I took many patent
medicines, but they did not reach my
trouble One dozen botties of s. S. 8.
cured me sound aud well, audluuw weigh
170.”
Books on blood and skin diseases mailed free
by Swift Specific Company, Atlanta, Ga.
deeply broken with a 2-horse plow about
the 10th of May and harrowed level and
lino with a "Thomas” smoothing harrow.
A few days after, there being indications
of rain, the seed were sown—two bushels
per acre—and same harrow run over the
ground’ lightly.
As the seed of this grass are very hard
and difficult to germinate, I had taken the
precaution to soak them about forty hours
and the weather being showery and warm
for several days after sowing, I got a good
“stand.” On the 25th of June, the grass
being about four feet high, I made the
first cutting, and got nearly a ton per acre.
Johnson grass should be cut just as the
first heads begin to show, if first-class
hay is expected, as to wait longer it be
comes hard and woody. 1 got two more
cuttings from this land, the second yield
ing about one and one-fourth tons, and
the last three-fourths of a ton per acre.
This was a remarkable turnout for the
first year, considering the lateness of the
sowing, but the rich iand and heavy seed
ing explains it. I think one mistake that
is usually made is that the seed are not
sown thick enough. A bushel of extra
cleaned seed is the quantity recommended
for an acre, but in this experiment I put
two bushels per acre, and yet in some
spots it was not thick enough. It is very
probable that many of the seed arc faulty,
as I understand they are stripped by
hand, the work being done by negro wo
men and boys, who. doubtless, put in
green seed with the matured ones. A
good mower does excellent work in this
grass when cut at proper stage.
In regard to the curing, I must confess
that when it grows very thick it requires
extra trouble, and the swath should be
turned after taking half a day of hot sun
My practice in curing all hay is to put it
in small cocks late in the evening anl
throw It out the next morning after the
dew has dried off. If the weather is fine
it will do to haul and put under shelter in
the afternoon, and this last should be
done by all means, even to the neglect of
something else. Hay that has been rained
on is sorry feed.
Now, I agree entirely with all those
who regard Johnson grass as a curse when
it gets in fields where other crops a e
grown, as I have several small spots that
I have been working at several years try,
ing to destroy, with poor success; indeed,
when it once gets started on rich land it
is practically impossible to kill it. Farm
ers who have never tried this grass as
hay can have no idea how it saves the
feeding of so much corn. When my
mules are not at work I feed them noth
ing but this hay, and they keep in excel
lent condition. In view of the present
scarcity and high price of corn it comes in
“mighty handy.”
The proper time to sow the seed is in
the spring, as soon as danger of frost has
passed, and put them in with a brush—
the harrow is liable to cover them too
deep, if the land has been freshly pre
pared. Had I sown six weeks earlier four
cuttings could have been made.
Barreil Plymouth lloeks.
New breeds have come and gone, but
Plymouth Rocks always remain favorites.
They have been termed “America’s
Idols,” and there is no other variety, the
product of American ski!! in breeding,
that can be put on the market of the
world with so much pride. There is no
other that is received from our shores
by foreign fanciers with such favor. The
strongest proof of the superiority of this
breed is that it has successfully stood the
boom of a score of new varieties, and has
met and vanquished inferior ones and still
lives. Other breeds have their boomß, but
the Plymouth Rock keeps on its steady
course, winning greater and greater pop
ularity with each succeeding year. This
favor has been won by merit, and by
merit It retains what it has won. It is
the farmer's delight, the poultry stand
-by and the villager's last friend for meat,
size, laying qualities, vigor and quickness
of growth. There are few breeds that
will not suffer by comparison. The dif
ficult union of qualities make the Barred
Plymouth Rocks perennial favorites. For
market they are one of the best breeds,
being large, plump-bodied and full-breast
ed, clean yellow legs and the skin sweet
and juicy.—Poultry Keeper.
Work iu the Orchard.
The borers may now be hunted out from
their burrows under the bark. This will
prevent the damage that would occur
from a whole winter’s steady work of
these pests. The cut will heal over quick
ly in the spring, but if this work is done
then the hark growing season may be
past and the wound will remain unheal
ed to the permanent injury of the tree.
The trees may be pruned now with great
er ease than in the spring, and the work
will have been done, which would be quite
an uncertain matter If left until later.
The rubbish may be moved to the house
and burned as firewood, which would not
be done in the spring.
For Feed in W inter.
Give t,he hens all they will eat.
Corn, wheat and oats ground to
gether is an excellent morning feed. Green
cut bone should be fed sparingly and
three times a week Is as often as It should
be. One and a half pounds each time mix
ed with the morning feed for twelve hens.
Dry beef scraps are equally as good. Give
equal parts cracked corn, oats and wheat
at noon, enough to last them the remain
der of the day. On the above feed hens
should spend a portion of each day lay
ing eggs.
Wnhsolling.
Subsolllng Is sometimes beneficial, and
sometimes useless, ami may be injurious.
Spring subsoiling is not to be recommend
ed. Wihonever there is a dry, hard sub
soil, It will pay to loosen It up. When
ever there la a subsoil inclined to run to
gether and become compacted, deep and
thorough loosening la just what is re
quired. In porous, gravelly subsoils the
process is useless und often Injurious.
Subsoil ploughing ton not produce mois
ture; it simply puts the ground In good
condition to receive and retain moisture
from precipitation. The capacity of a po
rous soil to retain moisture Is well Illus
trated by this bit of experience: Karly last
spring the writer had several loads of
coarse sand and gravel hauled and deposi
ted In piles of about one cubic yard each.
This was removed about the end of the
protracted drought. Six inches below the
surface it was wet enough for any pur
pose of plant growth. About the same
time post holes dug in the black. stiiT soil
near by showed it to be apparently per
fectly dry as deep as the augur went
eighteen inches to two feet. Subsoiling
should never be done when the soil is very
wot, for this leaves the ground in a worse
condition than before, should
be done in fall or winter, so that repeated
rains may settle it and till it to satura
tion. After this a shallow stirring of the
surface will retain the moisture with but
little subsequent rain.
Tlie l.ungNhan Fowl,
I beg leave to ask for information re
garding the history or native land of the
Langshan chickens. I purchased a few
lately. They are spotlessly black, a good
Size, domestic in habits. Being a novice
in the poultry line. 1 am anxious to learn
from a reliable source something about the
history of the breed. Enquirer.
The Langshan fowl, like the Brahma,
comes from China. It was introduced into
England first about thirty years ago, and,
a few years later, the breed was brought
to the United States, where it immediately
became very popular. While not quite
so large as the Brahma it has a much finer
carriage than that gawky fowl, and to
day is far more popular. A well-grown
Langshan cock shon.d weigh poynds
and the hen 7 pounds. Where one likes a
black iowl there is no black fowl supe
rior to it. Some do not like the color.
There are few breeds superior to the
Langshan. In fact the barred Plymouth
Rock is about its only superior. A breed
of white Langshans has also been estab
lished.
A dealer in hides at Tampa shipped to
a firm in New York five cow hides,
which, when tanned, make ten sides of
leather. This dealer got $7.50 net for his
five cow hides. About the same time a
well known shoemaker ordered ten sides
of leather from the same firm in New
York, for which he paid $.17.50. Saying
nothing about the freight on the hides
to New York, or on the leather back to
Tampa, there was a profit of s.',o on five
hides that this tanner in New York made,
which cost him, perhaps, 25 cents per
hide to tan. Here is an object lesson.
Some time ago Orlando barely missed
having a tannery established here. The
project did not receive the necessary sup
port, and the business went elsewhere.
Here we have the material with which
to tan, either the palmetto root or canai
gre root. We have at our door hundreds
of thousands of hides to tan. Why do
we not do something in this line?
I\ THE MATTER OF
What It Is, How It Is Used and Wluit
Some of It Menus.
Megargee in Philadelphia Times.
Someone is contending in the public
prints that custom is authority for the
misuse of language and that we Americans
should not be controlled in our lingual ex
pressions by the laws and regulations of
our British ancestors. This has led to a
query as to tho origin of what wo call
"slang.” It is said by Webster to be of
gypsy origin, and is defined to be low. vul
gar, unauthorized language. All profess
ions, trades and occupations have their
slang, but it may safely be set down as
an axiom that the lower the calling the
richer it is in this delectable lingo. Slang
is universal. Kvery nation and tribe in
the known world has Its cant terms, and
though refined people deprecate their use,
it cannot be denied that by the means of
a slang term expression is often given to
an Idea that It would take a sentence to
imperfectly explain. It would be interest
ing to trace the history of slang, but the
limited confines of a chat with you for
bid Such research. Sufficient for our pur
pose that it exists and that it Is used daily
—often unconsciously—by thousands, aye,
millions, of people.
That the lower the calling the richer it
is in slang is fully exemplified in the case
of (he dishonest—for thieves have a vo
cabulary almost as copius as Webster's
Unabridged. They “patter flash”—that
is. talk slang—almost constantly. This is
caused by two reasons—first, their desire
to keen secret as possible even their ordi
nary thoughts, and, second, their love of
being thought “fly” or "smart” people.
In thieves' slang, an honest man is a
"square bloke” and all who do not come
under that category are “crooks,” or “on
the cross.” A pickpocket Is a ”cly fakir;”
a burglar, a "cracksman;” a safe robber,
a "gopher blower,” while commoner
thieves are “sneaks,” "knucks,” "guns”
and “goniffs.” A thief’s wife or female
companion Is a "Moll,” a drinking saloon
Is a "boozing” or a "lußhing ken,” the
.place where he sells or dissposes of his ill
gotten gains a “fence,” while the property
Itself is “swag.” His companions in crime
are his “mob” or "gang,” and his especial
enemies the police, are "cops" or "cop
pers.” He is never arrested, but la "col
lared” quite frequently, and when the
proof against him is conclusive he is "cop
ped dead to rights.”
When he drinks he "collars his booze.”
If sent to prison he is "in quod,” “in stur,"
or "jugged.” Serving out a term of im
prisonment is "doing time,” and its length
is indicated by "moons” for months and
"stretches” for years. He has a hundred
terms for money, but a dollar is invaria
bly a “case,” and a hundred of them con
stitute “a century.” A silver watch is a
"ticker,” and a gold one "a super."
"Twisting a super,” means wringing a
geld watch oft its chain. Tor tell aman
a lie is to “give him a stiff,” while to flat
ter him Is to give him “taffy;” hence the
oft-used expression: “What are yer givin’
me, taff?” A thief never betrays
another; ho "gives him away." His name
"monaker," and he never dies but
"croa ks.”
Next to thieves the disciples of the prize
ring most love slang. A lighter's head Is
his "nut or "knowledge box;,’ his eyes are
his "ogles" or his "glims;” his nose Is his
"horn,” "his conk,” "his smeller,” "his
cutwater” and "his proboscis;” his mouth
Is his potato trap” or hla "kisser,” and his
earn are his “lugs;” his arms are his
"fins” or "dukes," and his fists are his
"mauleys” and his "bunches of fives;” his
stomach Is his "bread basket" and his
"vlctuallzing department," and his legs
are his "pins.’ When he gets a good
thumping and does not wince he Is said to
"game” and to take “to his gruel kindly.”
When his opponent catches him around
the neck with one arm and pounds him
with the other he Is said to be In “chan
cery/’ The beating he gives or receives
is "punishment,” and when from Its re
ception he Is so weak that he can hardly
Stand up he Is said to be “groggy,” In
which event his opponent Is advised to go
In and finish him by “putting on the ki
bosh.”
The turf Is rich In slang, as might well
be expected. Its patrons are mainly di
vided Into two classes—the “sharps” and
the “flats.” The foi mer prey upon the
latter, and, In fact. If It were not for the
fresh crops which every year produces
they could not exist. Tho “knowing ones”
are frequently talked of, but when their
Knowledge proves to lie misinformation
they come to "grief” and dump their
money like a common “sucker.” A horse
aispiSi tit-rage Medical Keferenca
LULL B,,Hk
Pnrr For men and women afflicted
I 11 with any form of private dis
eases peculiar to their sex. er
rors of youth, contagious diseases, female
troubles, etc Send two X cent stamps to pay
lostage to the leading specialists and physi
clans of this country.
OK HATHAWAY ft OO .
SXib Mouth Mroad St., Atlanta, Us-
s “ Out of the frying-pan
L the fire.” Take care that you don’t go
f >/"' /^ lat wa y* "hen you try to make your
| j washing easier. Better be sure of what
V, 1v A you’re doing.
{/ Get f >ear^ne > the original washing
f J// \ com P ounc h the best-known, the fully
\l f /-x P rove( h There are plenty of imitations
A V j ~ —and some are—they’re not
( \\ i economical.
[j/ / V ) Pearline used properly, goes
\fl(l / farther, does more work, and
y j/ n \ savesmore wear, than anything else that’s
i ' safe to use. mb
NIUSnSBiBitt
that is taken through the country and
trotted under a false name, pedigree or
record, is a "ringer,” and unfortunately
the number of these is legion, A "stayer"
is a horse with great powers of endurance,
and a "weleher” Is a man who sneaks out
of his bets. Under the American system
of betting there are few of tills class on
our courses though in England they are as
plenty us blackberries In July.
Circus men use slang very freely, their
lives being so much in public that but for
it they would have difficulty in communi
cating with each other without making
their affairs known to the crowd of the
curious who hang about their heels in ser
vile attention. Being nomadic in their
habits it Is not strange that most of their
cant terms are derived from the gypsies.
With the knights of the arena food Is
"peck,” and drink is "lush.” The man
ager of a circus is denominated Its "main
guy," but the patrons of the concern are
not so honored, being known as "guys”
simply, or as “gillies."
"To weed” means to talk, and "no” is
“nixey.” Tho narrator once attended ft
circus with a gentleman who had heard
much of circus slang without ever having
heard it used, though lie was anxious lo
have the experience. Walking over to
where a number of canvas-men were, talk
ing, wo listened awhile, and then began
an explanation of the conversation. One
of tho talkers, remarking this, observed to
his companions ; "Nixey weeden, seraw
The guy stags.” Our friend was much
mystified when told what tho slang meant:
“Don't talk so plain; (hat man under
stands you.” The experience of a. coun
tryman who fell in with a couple of circus
"fakirs.” or performers, who were "bad
men,” was not a pleasant one. Iti de
scribing it ho said: "All three of us was
walkin’ together, when one of ’em says:
’Let’s clem his nibs, 1 the ’totlier one said:
’Swipes, cull,’ and then both of them hit
me to opet.” Circus boys are pretty bad
ly used while serving their apprentice
ship, and the discipline they receive is
known as “clernlng." There is one bit of
circus slang that it would be well for all
to learn, and that is "Hey, Rube.” It is
the rallying cry of war for every employe
of the show, and when it is shouted It
means “biz" from the word "go.”
Negro minstrels and variety performers
are proficients in slang; in fact, they are
responsible for over two-thirils of that
used on the streets. With them a poor
performer is a "snide," probably from, the
German Schneider, a tailor whom we all
know is but the ninth part of a man—al
though we have In Philadelphia many not
able exceptions to that rule. They also
speak about the poor "artist” there are
no actors in these “professions”—as being
“very piano,” and his "acts, If no better
than he, as "tart” or “dizzy.” Rad song
and-dance men are “hams," and a large
number of the feminines of the variety
stage are denominatd "seri-chronics.”
Among "legitimate" actors on the regular
boards slang Is freely used. “To fake
through a i*trt" Is to play tt without
proper study or care, while to "wing it” is
to commit the lines to memory while
standing at the sides of the stage away
from the eyes of the audience. A poor ac
tor is a "stick,” and there are Just about
ten thousand in the United States. The
performance of such a one is “qulsby,"
and If the truth were told about three
fourths of the entertainments presented to
the attention of the public,the word would
be printed about five times a week In
every first-class newspaper in the land.
When salaries are paid, “the ghost walks,"
and though but few actors are spiritual
ists, the is always warmly wel
comed. In managerial parlance "snow
ing" or “papering a house" means Issuing
a great number of free passes, and those
who are admitted on the "comps" are
"deadheads”—by the way, tho most cap
tious critics that ever looked upon a per
formance with the green eyes of cynics.
When a person uses slang for some time
it is almost a matter of impossibility to
break oIT the habit. An amusing Instance
showing the force of this custom, even un
der the influence of the most serious cir
cumstances, is given In the anecdote of a
minstrel performer who, in company with
a number of his fellows, was In attendance
at the bedside of one of his sick chums.
Noticing th'at the eyes of the dying man
were beginning to glaze, lie exclaimed, in
tones of apprehension: “Stag his ogles,
culls; his nibs is going to sherry,” mean
ing: "Look at his eyes, boys; he is about
to die.” The slang of the street is in al
most every one's mouth. How often have
we heard the lips of beauty approve some
expression that pleased her with “You
bet.” How many a budding damsel has
emphasized u statement with "That’s the
kind of a hairpin I am?” Her brother or
lover knows plenty of fellows who are
"N. G.” ami thinks nothing of telling his
friends to "pull down their vests.” “wipe
off their chins,” or.to “button their ul
sters,” when they attempt to impose upon
his credulity.
Gamblers speak knowingly of ’’brace"
games that are not fair, and of “cappers,”
whose business Is to haunt the lobbies of
theaters and tho offices of hotels in quest
of "suckers” to “rope in” against the
"game.” When a man Is In misfortune
they say he is playing “both ends against
the middle,” or "both ways to the pud
ding.” and when he dies they remark that
he has "passed his chips.” Newsboys and
bootblacks are experts In slang and are
"up to snuff.” But a few days ago, while
passing the postolfice corner, one of the
fraternity was heard detailing to his gang
how “Dink” Norton had lost a quarter
matching pennies against "Lanky”
Hughes, who used a cent that had a head
on both sides. "Why, fellers,’ said he,
"Dink’s the rankest sucker whot yer ever
send. He wouldn’t drop If st house was to
fall onto him.” Yet "Dink" Is known as
a "solid man.”
A hook, and a good-sized book, too,
might be written upon modern slang, it
Is not polite, however, to use it, and noth
ing so "gives a man away,” as habitual
Indulgence In It. So, if you have acquired
the habit, take "a tumble” and "come
off.”
JUNKS’ FIGHT W ITH I'LLITZEIt.
The Lawyer Who Won the Great
Newspaper llnttle a Georgian.
J. K. Ohl In Atlanta Constitution.
A young ex-Georgian has Just won a no
table legal victory In St. Louis. This was
in a case of national interest—one which
attracted much attention In the last cam
paign ami one that has been followed
closely by newspaper men particularly.
That is the Jones-Pulltxer case, which
carries with it the control of the St. Louta
Post-Dispatch.
The lawyer is Mr. James L. Lewis. He
Is now a prominent attorney in St. Eouls.
but his former home was Dalton and I
believe some of bis family reside there
now.
"Of the 800 lawyers in St. Louis, fully 500
believed 1 would lose that case,” said Mr.
Lewis to-night In speaking of the fight.
The Post to-day has a statement of the
case which tolls the whole story.
It will be remembered that the Post-
Dlspatch has been one of the strongest sil
ver papers In the country, and It was this
to which Mr. Pulitzer objected to strongly.
Here is the story in a nutshell:
On Feb. ti, 185J5, a contract was entered
into between Mr. Joseph Pulitzer and Col.
Charles H. Jones, whereby the latter be
came purchaser of one-sixth of the Pulit
zer Publishing Company, paying for the
same SBO,OOO. This agreement was signed
by iMr. Pulitzer as an individual, he and
his family owning at that time 9,996 shares
of tho entire stock of the publishing com
pany, the remaining four outstanding
shares being In the names of employes. By
the terms of the contract Pulitzer agreed
to give Jones full management and con
trol of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch for a
term of live years and a salary of SIO,OOO
per annum. Dissensions arose pretty soon
after Jones took possession, Feb. 14, 1895,
over the by-laws, and new by-laws were
executed, by which Pulitzer endeavored to
secure more favorable terms for himself.
In August of that year, while at Ashury
Park. Col. Jones received a letter from
Mr. Carvalho, manager of the New York
World, telling him that his policy on the
silver question was not satisfactory IO
Mr. Pulitzer, and that he must change it
at once.
To this letter Col. Jones made no an
swer, hut went home and knowing that a
fight was Inevitable, secured counsel. Tho
first move was to ask Judge Wood for an
injunction restraining Pulitzer from dis
possessing the colonel, and a temporary
injunction was granted. Mr. Lewis went
to New York and put Pulitzer through a
cross-examination lasting four days. At
the end of it ho felt sure his fight was
won, but almost the entire bar of St.
Louis believed that a verdict would be
given against Col. Jones. Pulitzer’s next
move was to get a change of venue, and
tho case was taken before Judge Valllant,
who decided as Judge Wood had, making
the injunction permanent. Now the su
preme court of the state has affirmed both
decisions and Col. Jones will stay in con
trol of the paper for three years more,
managing Its business and editorial de
partments absolutely, as he has since the
beginning.
It may be of Interest to state the legal
propositions laid down by Mr. Lewis were:
First, that Pulitzer, having signed the
contract as an Individual, he and the cor
poration were one and the same; second,
conceding that Pulitzer was not the cor
poration the contract was ratified by the
corporation; third, that there was no ad
equate remedy against Pulitzer at law,
and therefore his client must resort to
equity.
There Is nothing left to tell, except that
Col. Jones has carried out all the condi
tions of the agreement. One was that the
gross earnings of the paper should be
greater for 1895 than for 1894. They were
greater by $30,000. Another was that the
net profits of 1896 should exceed the net
profits of 1893. In 1893 the paper cleared
net $101,(100; In 1896 its net earnings were
$105,000. In spite of a presidential year
and boycott of a certain element opposed
to Its financial policy.
JpaBMITTLE
JpKgIVER
SICK HEADACHE
Positively cured by these
Little Pills.
They also relieve Distress from Dyspepsia,
Indigestion and Too Hearty Eating. A per.
led remedy for Dizziness, Nausea, Drowsfr.
MM, Bad Tastein the Mouth,Coated lOOff*
Pate fn the Side, TORPID I.TVER. They
Regulate the Bowels. Pureiy Vegetable.
/mall Pin. Small
Small Price.
SEED
Oats, Wheat, Rye.
RETAIL PRICES.
OATB—Our Yellow Mexican Rust-proof
yielded over 6,000 bushels this dry season
on 100 acres. Price 66c. Earliest to get
ripe. We harvest first week In May.
OATS—Gray Winter Turf Oats, best
oats to pasture. Price sl.
WHEAT—Acclimated Rust-proof, over
30 bushels. Price $1.60.
RY'E—Georgia, over 20 bushels. Prloa
$2.00.
OATS -Rust-proof, Georgia raised, 600.
Glonettl, Lincoln. Tartarlcan. White
Abundance Oats. All rusted with us ao4
•re not for sale.
All raised on our farms adjoining Sa
vannah.
All our bags of seed have our name
printed on them. Not genuine without.
We have no agents.
BTRAW-Baie 35c. Ton $6.
HAY—75c carload; 15.50 ton.
HAY—Pea Vine and Hay 90c carload;
sls ton.
J. F. GUILMARTIN & CO.,
Proprietors Chatham County Expert
mental Farms of 1,100 Acres,
SAVANNAH.
IF YOU WANT GOOD MATERIAL
and work, order your lithographed and
printed stationery and blank books from
Mornlug News, Savannah, Ga,
5