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1( i r articles thls department.
We solicit
The name M ini • nQt necessar fly
publication, bu Jn evidence of good
fait*- L
.1 pliunlcatlons relative
Questions a c f rticultural subjects,
to agricultut alt J K ai t or, Drawer N,
if ,:i!re "! ' ", In receive Immediate
Milledgevilie, oa-r
fitiention. I r
~~~7TF' re—Water
faulitle" i r l I
_.,. ... Liri Jform me how to raise
" - 7 kind of soil and the
eauntloni . f hQW tQ ffrow water
best ' ‘ .Auire a running stream,
cr ’-- s - , .../ on moist soil? I have
cri ': m J t ."' .?/but can never get the
t n , . toil a/ j re{er t 0 the small,
short-';''af Mrs. E. W.
Darien, GaJ
There are h few Persons who suc
ceed in groin cauliflower in the south,
but it can i*rown if one has good, rich
SO! su h 9 as is suitable for cabbage
'“'lrish pjtoes. It is very important
to get goof eds of a good variety. The
• Snowhai; for Dwarf Erfuth) is about
the best, ft can set the seeds of Peter
Henderson! Cos., New lork.
In your fitude you can sow seeds in
October o [November. Set out plants in
December r January. However, as you
hive lit /at time pass, the next best
time is t/sow seeds now any time
thismont/or early in February, and set
cut the jilts as soon as they are large
enough /lake the soil very rich, but
not with/osh stable manure. Set in rows
three f. /apart and a plant every two
fed in he row. They require a great
dial of /ater. much more than cabbage.
If a dr/gih occurs the plants should be
BUlehe/and watered copiously every few
dt> ■ / dry weather continues. If the
eii is hot rich enough put a double hand
in' offcoton seed meal around each plant,
bu‘ npt dose enough to come in contact
suh the item. Spread the meal in a cir
cle, with c diameter of two feet. A hand
ful cf oa or any hardwood ashes soould
be sprinktd about each plant, also. Work
this fertiizer in lightly. After the plants
are half gown don't disturb the soil, but
simply aply a heavy mulch of straw
and wateias soon as dry weather sets in.
The tru' watercress is grown to best
advantage along the bank of a running
stream, bit the upland cress, wh'ich is
just as goed, can be grown in any good
soil, and or.ee established will endure for
years withstanding the coldest winters,
it comes very early in the spring, as a
consequence. Sow “arly in two or three
foot rows. Cover the seeds very lightly
and roll or tread thi seeds firmly in. Get
the improved uplani cress from any of
the leading seedsmet. If you do not suc
ceed in tinding the seeds send stamped
envelop and we will put you in the way of
getting the best.
(■riming Lettuce for Market.
Market gardeners near the cities and
large towns fmd Ipttuce one o£ the most
profitable crops they can grow. The early
spring crop is easterly sought for. In the
cities ami large towns the supply and de
mand are more tonstant than it is in rural
settlements, where home gardening is
more general and a greater variety of ear
ly vegetables comes in to compete with let
tuce.
Still the consumption of lettuce is very
great in every section, and so long as it
can be had in a fresh, crisp condition, there
i? more or less demand for it up to mid
summer. Some of the growers near the
large cities clear as much as SI,OOO per year
on growing lettuce, growing as much as
four crops of it on the same land in one
season.
U ,en not planted in with other crops, as
i? often the case, the plants are set out
about a foot apart each way which allows
of over 40,000 plants per acre.
In growing it for market It can be grown
mure economically by having the
punts in rows two or two and
a half feet apart, and where
a good cabbage variety Is grown
m-h as the “Boston Market,” the plants
can b- set s to 10 inches apart in the row,
or even a little bit closer, if the soil is made
as rich as it should be.
in growing the “Cos” variety, which Is
a Very .arge and desirable kind for ship
ment a disiance of Id inches in the row
Htould he given. These “Cos” variety,
'' en grown to the highest state of perfec
'n. are well worth 5 cents in the market,
ut eu n at 2or 2'j cents per head, can tie
■ v i fr y profitable if a good market is
oand. To make lettuce growing give
inejausfaction that it should, it must
10 I lro,,uc,e *urge crisp heads and
it f"r use early in the season,
th- , "! a f ket gardener in the south sows
ir,i V * n ■ , ' ol d frames In December and
cut I s,ronp . H, °cky plants for setting
"“tin .January and February.
s able manure compost with cot
)„ bo,,e and ashes should
4, ; to ■ nrich the soli, unless it is al-
S in rl<1 ’ whlc * usually is not.
f, ,l 1 " M J’ f ‘ lUed manure should not be
I Urns ' i f " now ; apt to “fire” the
Ar- . dry spells.
gruwih Vn havp B,arted Into active
r„U ~ I ,'" br , Uary - lf ,he color Of the
S', "I 1 “ p slowness of the growth in
-1.. .... . k . of nitrogenous food, there is
Mam„
i„ , ~ ! b lh aii nitrate of soda at the
t,, ~ V* 700 P° untl Per acre. A
In a , U •Plead about the plant
1.. i, „ d “ l ?" t 0 the dlstan'ee of eight or
eft, . , ,n 11 havt ' a Prompt and marked
k, ■ \ r K r°, w,h ot crop. The
lb, il ,•• h'ttuee are the “Boston
r i ; tenderaon's New York,” Sala
oi in. p ' UM ari *. Whlte C ° B -" a variety
t, . . h'ttuee known as "Celery Id
ol i nation" Is but an improvement
T ‘ Known and unsurpassed kinds.
' t vm.'H -, er a hundred named sorts In
b , V, ,he °* U " B ’ but no <*e
kin'. h riame ' l can be made.
, • are much slower in shooll ig
"lb k i, i .iT- " ntl for “ ‘“to crop,
should tie chosen.
CrlniHitn Clover!
■ ''i pif, * ,"*!?•,!' of crlnison clover
nine to sow n i m V. whfn 18 ,he b, '"t
U< - nm , i n ,tp lt 11 K l,od clover for
II licit,.. ® 68 11 make good hay. or is
Mario*. r,aßtUre 1,7 dames V."
h ;r , . aPPr ° p, ' ,atP tlm * to * ow rrlm
lin- j . r ’ ,n * Pt ,he most from one sow-
niu'-i h * fall ~ oct °ber, November, or
“ rar ier it the weather is favor*-
INTENSE SUFFERING
From D\'spepsia and Stom
ach Trouble.
Instantly Relieved ami Permanent
ly Cured by Stuart's Dyspepsia
Tablets.
A New Discovery, Hut Not a Patant
Med lcine.
Dr. Redwell relates an interesting ac
count of what he considers a remarkable
cure of acute stomach trouble and chronic
dyspepsia by the use of the new discovery,
Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets.
He says: The patient was a man who
had suffered to my knowledge for years
with dyspepsia. Everything he ate seem
ed to sour and create acid and gases in
the stomach; he had pains like rheuma
tism in the back, shoulder blades and
limbs, fullness and distress after eating,
hpoor appetite and loss of flesh; the heart
became affected, causing palpitation and
sleeplessness at night.
I gave him powerful nerve tonics and
blood remedies, but to no purpose. As an
experiment, I finally bought a fifty-ceni
package of Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets at
a drug store and gave them to him. Al
most immediate relief was given, and
after he had used four boxes he was to
all appearances fully cured.
There was no more acidity or sour
wati-Vy risings, no bloating after meals,
the appetite was vigorous and he has gain
ed between 10 and 12 pounds in weight of
solid, healthy flesh.
Although Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets
are advertised and sold in drug stores, yet
I consider them a most valuable addition
to any physician's line of remedies, as
they are perfectly harmless and can be
given to children or invalids or in any con
dition of the stomach with perfect safety,
being harmless and containing nothing
but vegetable and fruit essences, pure pep
sin and Golden Seal.
Without any question they are the saf
est, most effective cure for indigestion,
biliousness, constipation and all derange
ments of the stomach, however slight or
severe.
Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets are made by
the Stuart Cos. of Marshall, Mich., and
sold by druggists everywhere at fifty
cents per package.
Little book on stomach diseases mailed
free; address Stuart Cos., Marshall, Mich.
ble. Still, it can be sown in the early
spring or late winter to very good advan
tage. If sown for the prime object of
improving soil, especially that of an orch
ard, this clover can very properly be sov/n
in February. For spring sowing, however,
we would prefer the red clover, or Sapling.
You can cut it for hay about the time it
blooms, or you can pasture it (when the
soil is dry). It Is very wasteful to pas
ture clover, as a rule, and unless one has
a-large area of It it is preferable to cut
and cure it, at any rate most of it. This
clover and the “burr,” too, should be val
ued by our southern farmers for the im
provement of the old run-down cotton
fields. At the laying-by of cotton in Aug
ust fifteen pounds of seed harrowed in
would be worth a great deal to soil need
ing humus.
Kainit-Hoiv Much to Apply.
Will you please inform me how much
kainit should be applied per acre—how
many tons per acre on low land?
Ice. Ga. M. C. P.
It depends upon the nature of the soil
and the character of the crop. It Is very
rarely the case that even as much as one
ton is used on an acre. Market garden
ers or truckers sometimes may use a ton
or more bn some soils that they know is
lacking in potash, and when such crops
as cabbage, onion, tomato or potatoes are
grown. But the ordinary farmer, growing
only such crops as corn, cotton, oats,
peas and the like, could not afford to ap
ply anything like a ton of kainit to the
single acre. From two to six hundred
pounds is the usual quantity applied to
ordinary soil.
Kainit is used only for the purpose of
supplying potash, of which it contains 12
per cent, more or less, and commands from
$lO to sl2 per ton, according to quality.
Kainit by itself rarely increases the yield
perceptibly. Where more than three hun
dred pounds is applied to an acre it should
be broadcasted on the soil after being
plowed.
A New Meat Supply.
It may be considered a wild idea to ad
vise farmers to raise rabbits, writes B.
Holmes In American Agruciluturist. At
first thought it might well be considered a
small business, but It will bear investiga
tion. England and Germany are the prin
cipal consumers of rabbit flesh. In
countries it is a large and paying indus
try and a growing one. Eighteen tons of
rabbits have been sent to the city of Lon
don, in one day, from one district. Prob
ably if half that quantity went into New
York in a month, more than a half would
spoil before it could be sold, yet we be
lieve the demand could be created and the
taste cultivated to use many tons daily.
The best market rabbit to-day is undoubt
edly the Belgian hare, which is not a hare
at all, but gets its name from its resem
blance to the wi.d hare, in color only. It
is a ribbit with all the true rabbit charac
teristics. It is a hardy and prolific animal,
bearing from four to eight or nine at a
litter and can be bred four or five times a
year safely. It can be bred oftener, but
not for the best results.
The young grow very quickly and at
three months will dress from four to six
pounds, and well roasted are a dish for
an epicure. They have none of the gamy
flavor of the wild rabbit, the flesh Is white,
firm, fine grained, tender and of delicious
flavor. Up to the present time they have
been bred by and In the hands of fanciers,
and the demand from fanciers has absorb
ed the output, and kept the market well
sold up, but the time will soon be here
when they will be reared for market and
be found in our best meat stalls.
One of the largest breeders, who has to
buy everythng his rabbits eat, says that
the cost of feed was only one-half a cent
a day for each old rabbit. He has laeen
several years In the business and has
brought the feeding to a science, and
probably the cost will average to most
breeders more than this. Here is where
comes in the advantage of the farmer In
raising these rabbits. They will eat any
thing a horse or cow will—hay, straw,
oats, corn, all kinds of roots, any kind of
green stuff, apples—ln fact, anything on
the list of farm products is "grist for their
mill,” even some weeds, such as plantain
and purslane. The only restriction is that
it must be sound and not wet with rain,
though some claim the latter does no
harm. They are free of vermin of nil
kinds and not prone to disease under good
care.
The hutches must be well ventilated and
not too warm and if a warm sleeping
place he provided they will stand consider
able cold, much more than hens from
which eggs are wanted In winter. It wl’i
he seen from this that the farmer is in
position to grow them almost without Cost,
except the few minutes required for earn,
as they do not need a range, and do well
If confined to hutches. Many more can
be kept In the same space than can be of
poultry. When we consider the duck
market to-day and compare it with that
of ten or fifteen years ago. when breeders
of dueklings had to almost beg the city
commission men to handle their ducks,
the prospect for creating a market for
this delicious ami wltpleaoinc meat is en
couraging.
THE MORNING NEWS: MONDAY, JANUARY 18. 1897.
Maintaining Fertility.
It. Is much easier, less expensive and bet
ter in every way tp maintain the fertility
of the farm than to suffer it to become de
pleted and then be forced to turn around
and effect a restoration, says the Farm
ers Review. Among the things necessary
to maintain fertility at the lowest cost we
may mention thorough, clean culture; ro
tation of crops (in which clover and other
legume finds place); the feeding of live
stock, and the carerul saving and judi
cious utilization of manure. Careful at
tention to these points while the land is
yet new and productive will forestall the
evils of poor farming—constant subtrac
tion with no corresponding addition.
While the man who skins the land usually
moves along, leaving some better farmer
to do the recuperation aot, soil robbing
averages tip a losing operation. Look at
the abandoned—the run down—farms that
are to be seen right alongside of well man
aged, fertile, paying ones in nearly every
neighborhood in the older states; farms
producing scant crops, hence scan't ma
nure piles and scant profits. See the in
creasing difficulty, in many' places, of se
curing a catch of clover, and the exten
sive use of commercial fertilizers in recent
years. Not that we would condemn or
discourage the use of commercial ma
nures where experiments show that they
pay, for In our own experience on thin,
retentive soil they have paid us twice
over; first, in the direct effect of a high
grade article upon a market crop; and.
second, in the residual effect upon the
growth of /a renovating orop—-dover—
which followed. Through the prodigious
quantities of soil products consumed by
our urban population, the great cities of
our land, like great, bottomless pits, are
swallowing up farm fertility at a fearful
rate, and we feel like commending every
effort that is put forth looking toward the
adoption- of measures whereby a more ex
tensive and less expensive return will be
made of city refuse, which now goes to
fertilize the bottom of old ocean.
It is the wanton waste of the virgin fer
tility with which nature has endowed the
soil that we would warn our readers, more
particularly the young and inexperienced
who are opening up new farms, or who
have come into possession of fertile farms,
against. We must profit by the experi
ence of those who are struggling to build
up that which careless greed and ignor
ance has torn down, for if we follow in
the footsteps of the soil robbers, we shall
indeed find the school of experience a dear
school in the end.
Bermuda I‘antnre.
In the more thickly settled portions of
the country, where the tendency is yearly*
toward a reduction in the size of farms, it
becomes a part of improved methods in
farming to pay more regard to the es
tablishing of better pastures. And when
such pastures are once obtained more care
is given to the proper economizing of
them. The old system of southern farm
ing, of which cotton was the foundation
and corn the superstructure (with a little
filigree work in the shape of some small
grain), included no special attention to
to provide the necessary pasturage for the
cattle and hogs for two or three months
at the close of the year, and the cattle
were allowed the range of the cotton fields
after picking was finished. After January
the reliance was upon the grazing afford
ed by the woods, and in many cases farm
ers were so fortunate as to possess good
cane brakes to help them out. Then
there were old sedge fields discarded for
some time as unfit for cotton or corn.
These in favorable years afforded a con
siderable amount of roughness, Inferior,
it is true, but still very helpful In keeping
stock in healthy condition, though it did
not make them roll In fat.
But, as remarked, It was a very rare
occurrence that a farmer, large or small
established, and maintained pastures with
any of the valuable plants specially adapt
ed to the purpose. By degrees nature
forced upon him areas of Bermuda grass
which he accepted rather with a curse
upon it than with a grateful blessing; but
as time wore on he was led to regard with
some complacency the possession of a field
or tw-o of this valuable gras**, and he
would actually violate the traditions of
the past by wishing he had more of it and
could obtain it as easily as the first. Some
regarded it this way, but to this day wage
an unrelenting warfare upon Bermuda
(God's grass) and have never yielded a
square rod to It until forced to do it. It
has, however, conquered a considerable
area, though the sheer force of its own
valor, and, like many a good thing that
has had to force its way in spite of obsta
cle. and malediction, many an acre is yet
to be surrendered to its benign and help
ful influence, and not gudgingly done,
either. It will be done in the most grace
ful and conciliatory manner possible.
For summer and fall pasture there is no
grass superior to Bermuda for this lati
tude, and when once well set on the land,
no act could be more injudicious or waste
ful than the one that attempts to destroy
it. Instead of destroying it, it should be
coaxed to do its best by top-ldressings of
suitable manure in the sprijig or early
summer, and occasional harrowings or
plowings as may appear to be needed. A
mixture of one hundred pounds of nitrate
of soda (or in lieu of it 75 or SO pounds of
sulphate of ammonia), and 200 pounds of
acid phosphate is a good application to
begin with to establish a first-class pas
ture. Every year or two a couple of hun
dred pounds of ground bone should be
applied as a top dressing in the spring,
giving a thorough harrowing at the same
time with a sharp-tooth harrow. In a
few years It is possible to make on the
poorest of land as fine pasture as exists
anywhere on earth. The only thing is to
appreciate the value of such a pasture,
and it can be secured without any ques
tion. Before many years we confidently
expect to hear of many thousands of acres
of Bermuda pasture and meadow in the
south that will vie with anything of the
kind to be seen in this country or any
where else.
Vegetables—Raw or Cooked.
It is not always the crop that constitutes
the most solid articles of food that pay the
most profit. Market gardeners or truck
ers near the large cities need not be told
You may get over that
slight cold all right, but it
has left its mark on the mem
branes lining your throat.
You are liableto takeanother
cold and the second one will
hang on longer than the first.
Scott’s Emulsion is not an
ordinary cough specific, but
it is “the ounce of preven
tion.” It builds up the
system, checks inflammation
and heals inflamed mem
branes. “Slight’’colds never
bring serious results when it
is promptly taken.
Book on the subject free.
fcCOTT & BOWKE. Chcamtt. N.w York.
The Expectant Mother
43A looks forward to the
/Mglffoyrtta-w hour of confinement
£1 sion - By the use of
HfjpUffr Mother's
sIH# Friend
tho body is made to yield pleasantly to
the chango it is undergoing. Headache
and nausea are dispelled, the depressed
feeling yields to one of pleasurable ex
pectation. Danger to life of both Mother
and Child is avoided, and she passes
through the ordeal quickly.
“The mother of three children, who suffered
greatly in the birth of each, obtained e bottle of
‘Mother’s friend* of me before her fourth con
finement, and was relieved quickly. All agree
their labor was shorter and less painful."
JOHN G. POlHill. Macon, Ga.
Sent by M*U, on reccioi ofprice, SI.OO PER BOTTI E
Book "TO EXPECTANT MOTHERS" milled freeT’
The braofield Regulator Cos.. Atlanta, Ga.
SOLD BV ALL DRUGGISTS.
that, as a rule, those vegetables that are
little more than “relishes” bring In more
clear profit than the more substantial ones
that possess nutriment.
Lettuce, celery, cucumbers and toma
toes, to a certain extent, all belong to the
class that may very properly bo denomi
nated "relishes"—green salad p’ants. They
possess but little nutriment and natural
ly are not regarded as substantial food.
They, one and all, go a long
ways, however, towards making
other and more substantial foods
more palatable and more digestible. Alone
though they could not sustain life many
days. They are altogether unlike such
vegetables as potatoes, cabbage, peas,
beans and the like.
Nevertheless, as remarked, there are few
vegetables among the two or three score
grown for human consumption that pay
the expert grower the heavy profits that
the four first mentioned usually pay. In
proportion to their means, the poor are as
liberal purchasers of lettuce, celery, cu
cumbers and tomatoes as are the rich.
Innutritious as these relishes may be, they
so act upon the system as to lend to de
velopment of good health and strength
as much so as those others that are es
teemed more solid and substantial.
With the exception of tomatoes, neither
of thi3 great quartette of “salad" plants
are used in a cooked state. Ail can be
cooked, but rarely are. The very great
majority of people prefer tomatoes In their
raw state. A great many abhor boiled cab
bage. while being very partial to it raw,
in the shape of “cold slaw.” The same
prevails as to onions.
Among the relishes, or raw salads, we
failed to enumerate radishes—perhaps the
poorest of all vegetables; and yet there
are thousands and thousands of dollars’
worth of radishes sold every season in our
large cities. If a radish is good to eat so
is a raw turnip, for there is very little
difference between them.
The question is, does cooking increase
the digestibility of any of our common
vegetables? It may increase the paya
bility of some, but does It render them
more digestible? Will not a given weight
of raw cabbage in the form of "slaw” pro
duce as much heat and strength as the
same amount when boiled? A St. Louis
paper recently described a family in that
city that used no vegetables on their ta
ble except in their raw Btate. Not only
those we have denominated "relishes,” but
all others—beets, beans, turnips, peas,
all were served raw. This family, one of
wealth and refinement, claimed that God
did not intend that his delightful vege
table gifts even to be cooked, spoiled by
cooking; that it was a mere matter of cus
tom, anyway; that every vegetable was
better in its raw state.
Experiments at the several agricultural
experimental stations with the lower ani
mals show that there is nothing gained in
cooking the various articles on which these
animals were fed. Whether it was corn
or wheat or potatoes or turnips, the re
sults showed that the several articles were
just as available or digestible raw as
cooked. It is quite likely that what ap
plies to these dumb animals will be found
true as to human beings. There is no
question as to the great value to the phys
ical system of these raw salads eaten
freely in the spring time. No one should
be without them. Their appetizing and
medicinal effects justify a valuation of
them Just as much as if they were in the
highest degree nutritious.
Green Bone for Poultry.
It is an established fact that green cut
bones are necessary for successful poultry
keeping, says the Poultry Journal. When
nature ceases to supply the insects on
which poultry thrives In spring and sum
mer, the poultryman who is alive to busi
ness must do what nature can not do In
winter, and feed fowls on green cut bone.
Green bones are rich in nitrogen, and
therefore serve as food. When a bone
contains a large share of adhering meat It
Is all the more 'valuable. Bones serve
several purposes when used for poultry.
Being phosphate of lime they are capable
of being digested, and they supply the
birds with elements that may be lacking
in the feed. They also assist In grinding
the feed, and are readily accepted by all
classes of poultry. In fact, It is safe to
claim that there Is nothing that can be
used as egg producing feed which serves
the purpose so well as green bone, its
combination of qualities, nitrogen, lime
for egg shells, cost and adaption to all
fowls and al! ages, give It a place even
higher than meat, which contains nitro
gen, but no lime or other mineral water.
Therefore In preparing a diet for poultry
either with a view to Increasing the vigor
of the bird or developing its egg produc
ing organs, such feed should be selected
as science and chemistry have demon
strated to be component parts of the
structure to which they are afforded as
nutriment and sustenance.
Fruit Gardens.
While lt is a mistake generally to plant
fruit trees In soil intended for growing
garden vegetables. It is good policy to
have the various fruits in gardens by
themselves. The soil will not need to he
rich for most of these, except In potash.
Berries alone require the very richest soil,
and for this reason they should be in a
part of the garden by themselves. But
plum, peach, pear and cherry treea will
all thrive on fairly rich soil lf plenty of
potash is provided. The quince trees will
need winter protection by snow, and will
do best next to the fences, where the
snow batiks will lie longest. But one of
the advantages of massing the trees in a
garden is that it prevents the drifting of
snow, as most trees in the garden will be
of dwarf habit and kept low In growth.
On an acre of land thus set with various
kinds of fruit more thun an abundant
supply for home use can be grown. There
should be enough grape vines set of varie
ties sure, to ripen every year, and some
also that are good winter keepers. When a
farmer has an acre of fruit garden set and
in bearing it b comparatively easy for
him to sell the place lf he wants to do so.
To set out on a large farm that has been
long In the market a few acre or half
acre plots of choice fruits, and to care
for these till they come in bearing; will
he the readiest means to put the farm in
shape to sell at a good profit. Every
year* more wealthy men in cities are look
ing out for summer and fall homes In the
country. It is the places stocked with
choicest fruits that are most likely, to at-
tract their attention. If they see such
! places when the fruit prospect is at its
nest, they will open their purses liberally
to secure what they want. Ordlnn-v
farming has nothing in it to attract ilia
city resident, but a farm well stocked with
the choicest fruits will not long remain
unsold, provided its owner is willing io
sell.
An Old Iteelpe for til nee Meat.
Here is a famous old recipe for minee
meat which a writer in the Washington
Post says cannot he excelled:
Meat—Five pounds juicy lean beef (boil
ed) and three pounds of beef suet, both
finely chopped.
f rult—Two dozen Greening apples, pared,
cored and chopped; the grated peal of six
lemons and the juice of three;
the grated peel of four large oranges
and the juice of two; two quarts of seed
less raisins and currants, mixed, measured
after stoning and stemming and fine.y
choped; half pound citron shredded.
Spice Six grated nutmegs; one even ta
blespoonful cinnamon; one-half teaspoon
ful of cloves; one-half teaspoonful ground
mace; heaping tablespoonful of salt.
Spirit—One pint good brandy; one quart
sweet cider; one pint high flavored sherry
wine. (These Ingredients may be replac
ed by boiled elder if desirable, as it no
doubt will be for most of our readers.)
Mix gradually, allowing one bowl of
granulated sugar to each bowl of the oth
er ingredients, putting them into a stone
jar in alternation, one bowl, meat, suet,
fruit, etc., to one or sugar, stirring steadi
ly, until al, the ingredients are mingled
and then add the brandy, cider and wine.
Set in a cool place for a week before using,
and stir to the bbttom three times a day.
Bake in pufT paste and eat hot.
The quantities here given make a gen
erous supply for the winter's use of a
large family. It can be halved or quarter
ed, still keeping the same proportions. This
mixture will grow more delicious the old
er it is. and will keep until Easter if fre
quently stirred. The question of salt and
spice is subject to variation from the
quality of the fruit; if it lacks zest, more
may beaded, and after a month a little
more brandy may be added. The recipe
is an English ane, with the emphatic In
doresment of four generations of American
descendants.
Flower lied*.
It Is perhaps a little early to talk of
spring planting, hut it is not out of place
now to consider what you intend to do,
and lay your plans, so there will be no
delay when the time comes, says an ex
change. There is no Investment you can
make that will bring a larger proportion
ate return of pleasure than a small sum
devoted to flower seeds. It is a good time
now. while the men have leisure, to pre
pare the beds. If the ground is poor and
the subsoil compact It will pay to dig
It out ut least two spades deep and fill
In good soil. When It is done once it Is
done forever, and an occasional top dress
ing is all it will need while you live. The
men and teams have leisure now; this
work can be done wherever the ground is
not frozen. If the soil is fairly good,
throw out a spade deep and then take
out another spade deep and haul it away,
replacing with good surface soil from the
woods or fields, mixing In some, sand. If
needed, and some old manure, or chip dirt
from wood pile. A bed prepared in this
way, if the water does not stand In It,
will produce a vigorous growth and abun
dant bloom In most garden flowers, and
well repay the labor. Some few kinds do
best in poor soil, or In special locations,
but the great majority thrive best In a
deep, rich, moist, but not wet loam. When
such a bed Is once prepared, It needs only
an occasional top dressing to keep it In
fine condition forever.
Salt on Manure.
There Is no better way to make manure
soluble and quickly fitted to give its fer
tility to crops than to throw salt on It.
Salt hastens decomposition when used in
small quantities, and Its attraction for
moisture helps to keep the manure from
firefanging. Applying salt and land plaster
in equal proportions to manure heaps is an
excellent plan. The ammonia liberated
by fermentation will be absorbed by the
plaster, making a sulphate of ammonia,
which Is a very powerful and quick-acting
fertilizer.—Ex.
Preventing Smut in Oats.
East spring I tested a method of pre
venting smut in oats which gave such good
results that I think some of your readers
will be pleased with It. In a large barrel
I made a strong brine. The oats were
put Into this barrel and stirred around.
They were dipped out with a large pan,
the botom of which was full of holes. They
were then spread on the barn floor and
shoveled about with air-slaked iime. What
was not sown the first day, were stirred
until they were needed for use. Of course,
oats treated In this manner must be sowed
by hand, but there was scarcely a smutty
head in my field this season. I shall con
tinue this treatment, as it costs but a
trifle.—J. R. Snyder, Allegan county, Mich.
Fertilising the Hyp Crop.
Rye takes up nitrogen rapidly In spring
and continues the process until nearly
ripe. It Is not necessary to supply nitro
genous fertilizers to rye in the fall, but
early in spring a topdressing for this pur
pose should be made on poor soils. Nit
rate of soda is especially good, and one
of the cheapest forms. Many soils re
quire a liberal amount of potash to pro
duce the best crops of rye. The plant
assimilates phosphoric acid during the
whole period of growth and that element
may well be applied In the fan. A top
dressing of bone and ashes to supply pot
ash and phosphoric acid may well be ap
plied to winter rye In the fall, the nitrate
following in early Spring.
Nitrate vs. Sulphate,.
The comparative value of nitrogen for
fertilizing purposes in the form of sul
phate of ammonia and nitrate of soda
jfIcARTERS'
iHM—ITTLE
JPSIIVER
Mr sjgpjus
SICK HEADACHE
Positively cured by these
Little Pills.
They also relieve Distress from Dyspepsia,
Indigestion and Too Hearty Eating. A per
fect remedy for Dizziness, Nausea, Drowsi.
-icss, Bad Taste in the Mouth, Coated Tongue
Tain in the Side, TORPID LIVER. They
Regulate the Bowels. Purely Vegetable.
Small Pill. Bmall Dose*
Small Price.
| p Stick to the Directions,
Ul Kl\j if you want to get the most good out of
FOR Pearline. Otherwise, you’ll be putting
in too much, and wasting the Pearline,
ca^‘n g expensive. Or you
won’t put in enough, and so you
won’t get as much help from it as
X you expected, and you’ll have to
{ y do more work. Directions on
J every package for hot and cold
I water washing, with and without
t boiling. These simple, easy directions
w have revolutionized the work of washing.
Millions *&Pear//ne
has been hotly debated abroad and has
been the subject of numerous experiments
in this and other countries. Wagner be
lieves that for most crops It will require
100 pounds of actual nitrogen in the form
of the sulphate to produce as good results
as ninety pounds in the form of nitrate.
In other words, nitrogen in nitrate of soda
he considers one-tenth more effective than
in the other form. These results seem to
be confirmed by other investigations, es
pecially If lime is added with the nitrate.
The sulphate seems to retard or destroy
germination of seed if they come in con
tact with it, but there Is much less dan
ger from the nitrate. Liquid manure has
tens the germination of most seeds and
has a permanent good effect upon the
young plant.
Mixed farming and stock raising Is be
coming more popular. The exclusive
grain grower, like the cotton grower, lias
gone to seed. The success of the French
farmer is in marketing some products ev
ery week. He produces poultry and eggs,
vegetables, fruits and a variety of grain
crops in season. The hay and grass is
consumed on the farm. There are lamlM
and sheep, calves and pigs, with an occa
sional beef animal, and a good horse than
brings In money all the year round. This
is the way the Southern Cultivator very
correctly sums the situation.
WOE FOR TIIE BICYCLE GIRL.
Killing tin- Wheel Unfits Her for the
llnll Room.
From the Philadelphia Time*.
The bicycle girl has been forced to con
fess that the wheel is an Injury to her.
This has been brought about by the win
ter dancing season, and the way It hap
pened is that the young woman who, dur
ing the summer and fall, has indulged In a
dally spin, finds that the dance to her is
no longer what It was, andAhat instead of
having grace in every motion she finds its
very dlfflclt to develop even the proper
motion. It has long been a subject of dis
cussion as to whether or not the muscles
and all that goes to make up the legs of
a bicycle girl were really permanently af
fected by the exercise upon the wheel.
Naturally It is a fact that every one could
understand that the tendency of wheeling
Is to make the muscular portion of the
calf of the leg bulge out in greater degree
than Is noticeable In the Venus de Milo,
but still it was not thought this was any
thing that would affect In any unpleasant
way the walk or the movements of the
bicycle girl. The wheel no doubt makes
the bicycle girl’s legs stronger, but when
it comes to pirouetting about and tracing
on the ball room floor the mystic figures
so dear to the heart of the debutante and
her seniors, then, alas, the 111 effects of
the wheel are apparent. The young wo
man who has plighted her affections to
the hike in the season when it was partic
ularly in evidence suddenly discovers that
while in her mind she is thoroughly famil
iar with Just what she ought to do she is
absolutely incapable of performing proper
action. The muscles of her limbs seem
to have lost their cunning. Instead of be
ing aide to "one, two, three; one, two,
three,” as the dancing master would have
it, she finds It hard to even "one,” and
her partner wonders what on earth is tlie
matter with the young woman, who, the
year before, danced as If she were a sylph.
The difficulty referred to Is particularly
noticeable in the waltz. The bicycle girl
finds it absolutely impossible to execute
the steady glide. Awkwardness does not
describe what she feels. She can only
perform a movement that is as eccentric
In its way as it lacks elasticity. The
polka, the schottlsche and the quadrille
are almost as difficult, although the lat
ter, of course, calls for much less exer
cise of skill in the matter of executing the
steps. Inquiry among the young women
who ride the bicycle shows It to bo an ac
tual fact that exercise on the wheel seems
to deaden and stiffen the set of muscles
that come into play In dancing. Just why
this is so the doctors aro unable to ex
plain except in a general way that they be
come lax and useless through the constant
exercise of other muscles, and that when
the old-time muscles again are put In use,
they are awkward and not inclined to re
spond to the call made upon them.
Several of the young women who have
danced to the delight of thousands at the
theaters ruefully admit that their affec
tion for the wheel has caused them no end
of trouble. “Why,” said one young wo
man, whose merry eyes have gained for
her an international reputation, "I took
up the wheel for exercise, don't you know,
and liked It ever and ever so much, but
what was my surprise after I had been
riding a while to find that for some rea
son or other it was very much harder for
me to dance than It had been before. I
couldn’t imagine what was the matter.
Finally, I went to see my doctor and
asked him if there was anything wrong
with my muscles. He looked me all over
carefully and then said the only thing
that was wrong, so far as he could judge,
was the wheel.
"I asked him what In th* world he
meant, and he said that riding the wheel
deadened the muscles that I used In danc
ing. and that every night, when I had
been riding in the day, 1 would And that
the muscles for dancing wouldn't act as
if I had not been riding. Walking does
not affect me that way at all. I can walk
mile and miles and feel Just as well as
ever at night, so far as the muscles are
concerned, but do you know I have just
had to give up the wheel? I have had
to give it up altogether, much as I hate
to. You see, dancing Is my bread and
butter, and as I find that riding the Wheel
hurts my dancing, I simply have got to
stop it. How does the afteetloq, make me
feci? Why. 1 have a sort of sense of
giddiness In my legs. Just as If the mus
cles that I know are there were taking
a Êon, or something of that sort. 1
cannot make the little kicks and twirls
with my legs that J ought to in order to
make my dance perfect, and so you see I
have had to give up the wheel."
That is just about the same way it seems
to most of the young women the past
season that this curious affection of the
dancing muscles is a matter of almost na
tional interest. Go into the bail room,
where the young women of ordinary so
ciety are to be found and watch the move
ments of the dancers. There will at once
lie apparent that lack of grace and ilthe
someness that Is usually characteristic of
the American girl. There is a dragging
movement about the feet as if a tendon
was out of order, or something of that
nature, *
GI.AS OF THE PURITANS.
Not the llliintlerlHissc* Usually Rep
resented liy Artists.
From the Boston Transcript.
One of the most remarkable facts to
the investigator of our American an
tiquity Is the almost total Ignorance
which prevails even among those who
are otherwise well informed as to the
weapons, more especially the firearms,
with which our Puritan ancestors fought
their wars with the Indians. One of tne
notions which seem Ilrmiy established is
that the early settlers generally ifscd the
bell-muzzle blunderbuss. Almost every
artist who draws a Thanksgiving or
Christmas picture of a Puritan going
to meeting gives him a gun with, a muz
zle like the end of a trumpet. Now, the
fact is that tlio bell-mouthed firearm
was never a military arm among Eng
lish-speaking people at all, nor was such
a weapon ever common either In this
country or in England until about the
middle of the last century, when It came
into use for the defense of houses
against burglars, for stage coach guards,
and similar purposes. The blunderbusses
which were common enough in the cu
riosity shops are almost without excep
tion later than 1750, and many of them
date from early in this century.
A large, bell-mouthed gun was In use
somewhat earlier on board naval and
other armed ships, but this was a heavy
piece, on a swivel, and used very much
as the howitzer was later.
Then as to the looks. Even some of our
most distinguished writers seem to be com
pletely at sea on this point. One New
England writer whom I will not name, for
fear of seeming disrespectful to a man
deserving of honor, wrote some time ago
In a magazine article 'that some soldier
in King Philip's war might have invented
the flintlock by finding that an Indian flint
arrow head would make fire If inserted
into the cock of the matchlock. Now, the
soldier of 1575 was given a matchlock, not
because the military authorities were ig
norant of guns which would make their
own lire (wheellocks and snaphaunces
werel n common use), but because the
matchlock was considered better for or
dinary use. More than this, if he had
thought of it he would have known that
his matchlock would not make fire with
flint. The flintlock with which our war of
Independence was fought requires a pow
erful blow to make the flint strike fire
from the steel. This the matchlock did
not have, nor did the pan cover open in
such a way as to make this possible.
At'the time of King Philip's war and for
a long time afterward, the ordinary fire
arm for infantry was the matchlock mus
ket. These are plenty in European collec
tions, but very rare in America. I have
never seen one In any collection In this
country. At the same time the snap
hauruce, a primitive form of the flintlock,
was quite extensively used by hunters, and
probably by the Indians, who would natu
rally object to the match, which, if kept
lighted, would betray their presence, es
pecially at night. Wheellocks were prob
ably used to some extent by the earliest
settlers, but It was always an exceptional
arm and too costly to be generally used.
'By the tlmo of King Philip’s war It was
rather old-fashioned and not likely to
have figured much. In Springfield Is a
fine bronze statue of one of the early set
tlers, who is represented, but If any wheel
locks blunderbuss can of course, possible—
anything is possible—but if any wheellock
blunderbuss can be found in any collection
of Europe or mis country, I would like
to see It.
PAVED WITH GOLD.
Two Earthly Cities Whose Inhabi
tants Dully Tread the Freclona
Metal.
From the New York Herald.
There are other cities besides the New
Jerusalem whose streets are paved with
gold.
They arc Prescott, Arizona, and Johan
nesburg, In the Transvaal.
To be sure the proportion of gold Is
small, about $4 to the ton of earth rock,
but It is gold, nevertheless, hnd the cities
named are the only ones of mundane
growth whose inhabitants are able to tread
the precious metalsiunderfoot with impu
nity.
'With the machinery at present in use it
would cost more to reduce the ore than It
Is worth, but In years to come, when
science shall have discovered less expen
sive methods of reductijn, the aldermen
of Prescott and the Boers or the Ultias
ders of Johannesburg, whichever are In
power, may order the streets torn up and
the paving crushed to help out the city
treasury.
The paving stones used In Prescott are
taken from the mountains that surround
the town.
If patlng stones other than those con
taining gold could be gotten more cheaply
they would doubtless be used, but there is
a trace of the yellow metal in all the
rocks of the mountains about the city,
and where It Is not found In paying quan
tities the stone is no more precious than
the old cobbles once so common in the
streets of some of the large cities.
In addition to gold, the stones contain
20 cents in silver to every ton, making
them bimetallic in nature arttl a constant
rebuke to Mr. Whitney and his followers.
Unfortuntely there are no street
sweepers in Prescott, and the golden pave
ment, instead of being bright and bur
nished, is more often dingy.
In Johannesburg, surprising as it may
seem to a person at.this distance, the pav
ing is better laid and better kept than it
Is In Prescott.
There is about the same proportion of
gold in it. but the Iloers and the Illtland
ers are like the girl in the play—they
“don't notice it.” They take no more heed
of their golden streets than they do of
the asphalt thoroughfare used as a bicy
cle track, although many of them may
never get a glimpse of the auriferous pas
sageway on high.
It is said of President Kruger that one
day, when his attention was called to the
fact that he was standing on a street of
gold, he remarked gruffly that he would
sooner wade through mud, for it would
be easier on the feet.
Apparently Oom Paul, as wise as he Is
credited with being In some ways, does
not know a good thing when ho sees it.
MM Mga 64-Page Medical Kefere
I* ■ ■ For mPn aiicl women afflicted
11 kite with any form of private die.
eases peculiar to their set. er
rors of youth, oontagious diseases, female
troubles, etc. Send two a-ceut stamps to pay
postage to the leading specialists and physi
cians of this country.
UK. HATHAWAY* 00,
K*‘ South Broad he., -manta. Ua-
5