Newspaper Page Text
6
SCHLEY MISSED HIS CHANCE.
STi nBORM.V ItKI'ISED TO ACCEPT
SAMPSOVB IAFOHM ITIOV
Kept <lll lltisfiinr, f'lenfuego*—Offi
cial Correspondence Shown He
Ua* Slow <o Find as AVoII no to
ItloeUmfr Cervern— Sniupoon Sent
to Oinplnee Him to Prevent the
Spaniard* From Making Their K
enpe.
From the New York Press.
Washington, Oet. 24.—The most impor
tant, in many respects sensational, docu
ment yet given out relating to the war
with Spain is the official report of Ad
miral Sampson, giving in a colorless rec
ord of dispatches the facts with regard to
the location and capture of Cervera's
fleet. There has been a controversy since
that extraordinary feat as to the respec
tive credit due Commodore Schley and the
eommander-in-ehief of the navnl forces,
Sampson. All that has been published of
• partisan nature seems to have had for
its purpose the exaltatiqp of Schley at the
expense of the department and of his
brother officer and commander. Admiral
Sampson lias held his |ieace, and the de
partment, responsible for its own vindi
cation, has bided its time. Now Samp
son speaks officially.
So far as the general public Is concern
-ofi It has continuously and persistently
been advised of the importance of Schley’s
services until he was apporently the hero
of the Suntiago blockade and of the bat
tle which sent the Spanish fleet under
Commander Admiral Cervera, burnt and
dismantled, to the bottom of the Atlantic.
It would seem in the circumstances that
every official dispatch and scrap of evi
dence in Sampson's report tending to
throw light upon a point of such historical
importance should be given to the world
by those whose duty it is to disseminate
accurate informuilon. Yet through some
influence, or for a purpose which should
be explained, the Associated Press has
failed to give the news and all the facts
furnished it by the Secretary of the Navy.
At no time in the controversy over the
relative merits of Sampson and Schley has
there been any doubt in the office of the
Secretary of the Navy what the outcome
would be. The confidence of Secretary
Long in the Judgment and energy of Ad
miral Sampson has never been shaken,
for the reason that the department was
in possession of the evidence to show that
instead of being open to criticism when
Cervera tried to escape and was potted
by the warships guarding the entrance of
Santiago harbor, Sampson had provided
for that emergency and was deserving of
full credit.
The department has not been ill dlst>oa
od toward Schley. On the c'ontrary, it
tried to give him full opportunity to gain
honor out of the campaign, but through
some blindness of Judgment on his part,
or obstinacy, Schley rejected the chances
offered to him and persisted in avoiding
the fleet of Cervera long after he had been
Informed officially of the position of the
Spanish ships. As the official dispatches
show, Commodore Schley persisted in re
maining over a week at Cienfuegos when
he had been ordered to Santiago to invest
the enemy.
The cruel injustice of the criticisms
upon Admiral Sampson immediately after
the battle of Santiago appears from a
perusal of the dispatches and letters at
last made public. Tine patience wilh
which the department has borne with the
extraordinary conduct of Schley’s friends
was based upon a knowledge of the uner
ring judgment Sampson displayed after
the location of Cervera's fleet and the
blockade of the harbor of Santiago.
Nowhere in the report of Admiral Samp
son is there a word criticising Schley,
neither is there anything calculated to de
tract from his gallant conduct waen fire
was opened upon the enemy, hut there is
no further need of explanation or argument
to show why the navy department put
trust in Sampson rather than in Schley.
Instead of there being an attempt, as al
leged, to discredit Schley for the advantage
of Sampson, it appears the former received
the first Opportunity presented to anv naval
officer to distinguish himself. The corre
spondence shows that only through
Schley’s failure to olwy orders was the
navy department’s confidence shaken in
him, -and that In sheer desperation at
Schley's tardiness was Sampson ordered
to assume the command that had been in
tended for Schley. It was the original pur
pose that Schley shouid do the lighting
and that Sampson should confine himself
to the more modest work of blockade duty.
hen Cervera's fleet was reported in
Santiago harbor, Capt. Sigsbee, la com
mand of the Si. Paul, and Capt. Randall.
In command of the Vale, waited for days
in the offing with their unarmored cruis
ers watching the enemy and looking anx
iously for Si-hley to come up.
At that time the Spaniards could have
escaped any moment, as the Si. Paul
and Yale would have been sent to the bot
tom had they permitted themsdives to he
overtaken. Then, instead of being praised
Schley would have had to submit to a
court martial.
It Is now the proper time to explain
way the resolutions offered in the House
and Senate the day after the battle of
Santiago extending the thanks of Con
gress to Commodore Schley were never
i eported for action. These resolutions in
the intemperate seal to build up Schley’s
reputation at the expense of Sampson's
even to the extent of ignoring the latter
by name, overshot the mark. They com
pelled the department to inform the naval
committees that if the resolutions were
passed the official record would put an en
tirely different face upon the situation and
would result in the humiliation of Schley
instead of in his glorification.
The Spanish fleet under Cervera was an
nihilated on July 3. On May 12 Sampson's
ships were bombarding San Juan after the
discovery that the Spanish vessels were
not in that port. While at Cape Haytien.
on May I<l, Admiral Sampson received
word to join Schley in the Havana block
ade. He reached Key West on May 18,
and the next day ordered Schley to block
ade Cienfuegos. On May 19 the navy de
partment received Information by way of
Havana that Cervera had reached San
tiago. and at once advised Admiral Samp
pon to that effect. He was directed to
send immediately by the lowa orders to
Schley to proceed off Santiago dc Cuba
with his whole command, the department
promising reinforcements.
On May 21 Sampson instructed Schley
as follows :
“Spanish squadron probably at Santiago
de Cuba. If you are satisfied they are
not at Cieufuegos, proceed with all dis
patch, hut cautiously, to Santiago, and if
the enemy is ihere, blockade him in port.''
It may be held from this dispatch that
Schley was given some discretion He
was, und on May 2.1, Schley wrote that a
large amount of smoke seen in the harbor
;of Cienfuegos would indicate the pres
ence of a number of vessels there, and
under such circumstances it would seem
to be extremely unwise to chase after a
probability at Santiago de Cuba, reported
via Havana, no doubt, as a ruse. Schley
would not believe that the Spanish squad
ron was at Santiago, and he, therefore,
t loposed to remain where he was, availing
hinaself, as he said, of every opportunity
for coaling and keeping ready for oil
emergency.
Instead of going to Santiago Schley sent
jHie Acorpion, a small boat, to communl-
the scouting vessels there. If
Oouui not meet them the Scorpion was
A Letter irom GramtevtHe, S. C.
At the age of 50, with 25 years of active practice, 1
am a careful observer and cautious in endorsing proprie
tary medicines, but I can conscientiously indorse your John
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remedies for Chill and Fever I have ever used. It corrects
the vitiated secretions of the liver, relieves costiveness,
and promotes the absorption and assimilation of food,
thus fulfilling all the indications claimed for it.
Youry truly, T. P. EDWARDS, M. D.
It costs 50c if it cures—not on? cent it it does not.
A. 8. CIRARDEAU, Proprietor.
Wall.
Chilly, isn’t it? Y®u
Want Underwear.
Want Winter Suit.
Want a Top Coat.
Want some Neckwear.
It won’t cost a cent to take a look at my new stock.
Why not do it?
M. S. BROWN,
123 Broughton Street, west.
ordered lo return at once to Cienfuegos.
Schley persisted in the belief that C'.en
fuegos, being in communication with Ha
vana must certainly be the destination of
the Spaniards.
Admiral Sampson was greatly disturbed
by the evident purpose to ignore the in
formation which he believed trustworthy
and had sent to Schley, to the effect that
the Spanish squadron was at Santiago.
Sampson sent the Wasp to find Schley and
give him this dispatch, dated May 27:
"Sir—Every report and particularly daily
confidential reports received at Key West
from Havana states Spanish squadron
has been at Santiago de Cuba from the
19th to the 23th inst., inclusive, 25th being
the date of the last report received. You
will please proceed with all possible dis
patch to Santiago to blockade that port.
If on arrival there you receive positive
information of the Spanish ships having
left you will follow them in purwuit.
“Sampson.”
Then Sampson received the following
from Schley, dated May 24:
"Have ascertained that the Spanish
squadron is not here, and 1 will move
eastward to-morrow', communicating with
you at Nicholas Mole. On account of
short coal, supply ships cannot blockade
if in Suntiago. I shall proceed to-morrow,
25th, off Santiago, being embarrassed,
however, by the Texas’ short coal sup
ply and her inability to coal in the open i
sea. I shall not he able to remain off
that port on account of general short coal
supply of squadron, so will proceed to
the vicinity of Nicholas Mole, where the
water is smooth, and I can coal Texas
and other ships with what may remain in
collier.”
Sampson thereupon ordered the New'
Orleans, under his command, to go at once
to Santiago, proceeding himseif to Key
West for coaling purposes, and to get or
ders from the department. To the cap
tain of the New Orleans he gave the fol
lowing orders:
“You will communicate with Commo
dore Schley and direct him to remain on
the blockade of Santiago at all hazards,
assuming that the Spanish vessels are in
that port. Tell him that I desire that he
should use the collier Sterling to obstruct
the channel at its narrowest part leading
into this harbor. Inform him that I be
lieve it would he perfectly practicable to
steam this vessel into position and drop
all her anchors, allow her to swing across
the channel, then sink her, either by open
ing the valves or whatever means may be
best in his Judgment.
“Inform Commodore Schley that the de
tails of this plan are left to his judgment.
In the meantime, he must exercise the ut
most care that none of the vessels al
ready in the port are allowed to escape,
and say to the commodore that I have
the utmost confidence in his ability to
carry this plan to a successful conclusion,
and earnestly wish him good luck.”
On the next day, May 28. Admiral Samp
son reached Key West, and sent this cipher
dispatch to Schley:
“The Spanish squadron must be block
aded at all hazards. Immediate communi
cation with persons on shore must he en
tered upon. You must he sure of the Span
ish squadron being in port. If Spanish
squadron has left Santiago immediate pur
suit must he made.”
In a dispatch to the navy department on
May 28, Admiral Sampson said:
“The importance of absolutely prevent
ing the escape of the Spanish squadron is
so paramount that the promptest and most
efficient use of every means is demanded.”
At midnight Sampson received a telegram
from the deportment at Washington say
ing Schley was going from Santiago to Key
West for coal. Til is information came the
day before Schley advised him that his col
lier had been repaired and he would coal
in the channel off the Mole.
The continued failure to get Schley to
Santiago caused the department to tele
graph to him at Mole St. Nicholas on May
27, as follows:
“The most absolutely urgent thing now
is to know positively whether the Spanish
division Is in Santiago de Cuba harbor,as
if so, immediate movement against it and
the town will be made by the navy and a
division of about 10,000 men of the Amer
ican troops, which are ready to embark.
You must surmount difficulty regarding
coaling by your ingenuity and persever
ance. This is a crucial time, and the de
partment relies upon you to give informa
tion quickly as to the presence of Cervera,
to be ready for concerted action with the
army. Two colliers have been ordered to
Mole. Hayti. Your vessels may coal singly
there or in Gonalves. Hayti channel, or
Leeward Cape Cruz, Cuba, Sampson com
ing around Windward Passage. Cervera
must not )>e allowed to escape. It is your
duty to ascertain immediately the Spanish
fleet, if they be at Santiago de Cuba, and
report. Would be discreditable to the navy
if that fact was not ascertained immedi
ately. All naval and military movements
depend on that point.”
On May 29 the department wired Samp
son as follows:
“Schley has not ascertained W’hether the
Spanish division is at Santiago. All infor
mation here seems to show that it Is
there."
Sampson replied to other dispatches that
he could reach Santiago in three days and
could blockade that harbor indefinitely.
He also, on May 29, advised the depart
ment that “the failure of Schley to con
tinue the blockade must he remedied at
once if possible.”
THE MORNING NEWS: THURSDAY, OCTOBER 27. 1893.
The next heard from Schley was a tele
gram the same day, forwarded by Samp
son to Secretary Long, informing the de
partment that Schley was blockading off
Santiago that day and would continue to
do so until the coal suppiy had been ar
ranged. Sampson then was authorized by
the department to go to Santiago, and on
May 30 he proceeded eastward at thirteen
knots speed.
It was ten days after Cervera reached
Santiago before Schley sent word to Samp
son that he had identified the Spanish
ships. There certainly seems now to be a
need of some explanations on the part
of Schley.
SEEKING MERCY FOR CARTER.
Alleged Purpose of Senator Platt’s
Visit to AYnshlngton.
From the New Yoi% Evening Post.
Washington, Oct. 24.—Senator Platt was
in Washintgon to-day to see the Presi
dent in the interest" of his friend, Capt.
O. M. Carter, of the Engineers, the mili
tary convict, over whose head tho most
ignominious of punishments is hanging.
The senator's hope, like that of several
other friends of Carter’s, is that the final
disposal of the case may be staved oft
till after election, as they feel that the
President, having no longer to fear the
effect of his action upon public opinion,
may Ire inclined to mercy. The objects
of Piatt’s visit, given out to inquirers gen
erally, were business connected with the
receiverships of the two suspended na
tional banks in which he is interested,
and an effort to induce the President to
visit New York in the interest of the
Republican ticket before the close of the
campaign.
Results nt Aqueduct.
New York, Oct. 26 —The racing at Aque
duct was not very interesting to-day, for
after the second rnce a dense fog set in,
and the horses could Ire seen only at the
start and at the finish. There were a
dozen starters in the third race, and
as many tips as to the winner. The lot
could not be seen until a sixteenth from
home, when it was observed that Strang
est was an easy winner. The favorite,
Leando, was beaten by a head for the
place by the outsider, Camatop. Summa
lies follow:
First Race—One mile. Bardella, 2 to 5
won, wilh Her Own, 4 to 1 and 4 to
second, and Vanessa, 10 to 1, third. Time
1:45.
Second Race—One mile and forty yards.
Mirian, 13 to 5, won, with Estaca, 2 to 5
and out, second, and Merlin, 20 to 1, third.
Time 1:42.
Third Race—Five and a half furlongs.
Strangest, 8 to 1, won, with Camatop, 60
to 1 and 20 to 1, second, and Leando 2
to 1, third. Time 1:08 1-6,
Fourth Race—Mile and a sixteenth Sen
sational, 11 to 5, won, with Edith, 15 to
1 and 3 to 1. second, and Sanders, 6 to
5, third. Time 1:52 2-5.
Fifth Race—Seven furlongs. Diminu
tive, 11 to 1, won, with Kirkwood, 5 to
2 and 4 to 5, second, and Tendresse 15
to 1, third. Time 1:27 1-5.
Sixth Race—Six furlongs. Trille, 6 to
2, won, with Harry Reed, 6 to 5 arid 1 to
2. second, and Midnight, 5 to 1 third
Time 1:17.
Results nt Eaton In.
Cincinnati, Oct. 26,-Results at Latonla
to-day follow:
First Race-Six furlongs. Randazzo, 6
to 1, won, with Flop, 9 to 1 and 3 to 1
second, and Primate, even, third. Time
1:24.
Second Race—Five furlongs. Florissant
8 to 1, won, with Theory, 2 to 5 and out’
second, and Shanken, 4to 1, third Time
1:09 Vi. ’
Third Race—Declared off.
Fourth Race—One mile. Eleanor Holmes,
5 to 2. won, with Rastus, 2 to 1 and 4 to
5, second, and High Noon, 5 to 2. third
Time. 1:51. ’
Fifth Race—One mile and an eighth.
Harry Shannon, 9 to 5, won, with Zufal
ling, 7 lo 1 and 5 to 2, second, and Gomez
3 to 2, third. Time, 2:09.
Sixth Race—One mile. Kitty B, 6 to 1
won .with Damocles, 13 to 5 and even, etc
ond, and Hampden, 11 to 5, third Time
1:53.
The amount of coal consumed by a
vessel during a voyage depends very
largely upon the speed, for the consump
tion of coal increases almost in a geome
trical ratio to the speed. There ore many
ships which burn from 100 to 300 tons of
coal per day. the lowest consumption be
ing when the vessel is going at a moder
ate rate. Our men of war do not consume
*o much in proportion as swift passenger
steamships which ply between Europe
and America, for, unless in an emergency
they are not driven at the highest attain?
able speed. The ocean passenger steam
ships often burn from 2,500 to 3,000 tons
during a passage lasting six to seven days.
Cuba is known in history under several
names. The first was Antilla; then Juana,
after a Spanish prince. Fernandlna came
third, followed by Santiago and the Isle
of Ave Maria. T-he original Indian name,
Cubanacan, signifying "where gold is
found," was finally adopted, and usage
sJioiUned it to tho first two syllables.
TO-DAY’S WEATHER FORECAST.
Forecast for Savannah and vicinity un
til midnight Thursday, Oct. 27, 1898: Fair;
no decided change in temperature; fresh
northwest to north winds.
Forecast for Thursday—
For Georgia" and South Carolina: Fair;
warmer in the interior; fresh northwest
erly winds.
For Eastern Florida; Fair; warmer in
northwest portion; fresh northerly winds.
For Western Florida: Fair; rising tem
perature; fresh northerly winds, becom
ing variable.
General conditions at 8 p. m. last night:
A severe storm area, covering the lower
lakes, northeastern and Middle Atlantic
states, Is now central over the St. Law
rence valley. It is causing cloudy and
threatening weather, with rain and high
winds, over those sections. Clear weather
obtains over the entire South and West,
except partly cloudy to cloudy, with rains,
over South Florida. The cold wave now
covers the entire eastern, southern nnd
central parts of the country, it being 10
to 24 degrees colder on the Central Gulf
and South Atlantic states. It is raining
at Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Hat
teras, Pittsburg and Buffalo. The lowest
temperature reported to-day wits 16 de
grees at Huron, S. D., and the highest,
72 degrees, at Jupiler and Key West, Fla.
High winds during the past twelve hours;
Augusta, 28 mi.es per hour, from the
north; Boston, 32, south; New York, 40.
southeast; Atlanta, 26, northwest; Port
Eads. 38, north; New Orleans, 28, north.
It is 6 to 14 degrees warmer over the West.
Yesterday’s Weather at Savannah-
Maximum temperature, 3 a. m.. 68 degrees
Minimum temperature, 8 p. m... 48 degrees
Mean temperature 58 degrees
Normal temperature 64 degrees
Deficiency of temperature 6 degrees
Accumulated excess since
Oct. 1 78 degrees
Accumulated excess since
Jan. 1 398 degrees
Rainfall 03 Inch
Normal 09 inch
Excess since Oct. 1 62 inch
Excess since JSn. 1 5.10 inches
River Report—The hight of the Savan
nah river at Augusta at S a. m.. 75th me
ridian time, yesterday, was 9.6 feet, a
fall of 1.4 feet during the preceding twen
ty-four hours.
Cotton Region Bulletin, Savannah, Ga.,
for the 24 hours ending at 8 a. in., 75th
meridinn time, Oct. 26, 1898:
Stations of Savannah |Max.| MlnTjßaln
District. |Tem.!Tem.|fall.
Albany, Ga., clear ] 75 | 45 | .00
Allapha, cloudy j 78 j 50 .20
Amerious, pt. cloudy | 74 | 42 | .00
Bainbrklge, clear | 80 j 46 j .00
Eastman, cloudy j 70 j 40 .CO
Fort Gaines, clear 72 ! 43 | .09
Gainesville, Fla., cloudy.| 72 ! 66 j 1.50
Millen, Ga., pt. cloudy...j 80 j 56 j .26
Quitman, cloudy 78 | 44 I .20
Savannah, cloudy j 74 | 63 j .08
Thomasville, cloudy | 75 | 49 | T
Waycross, clear | 78 | 60 | .35
No rainfall tn Texas.
Killing Frost—Holly Springs, Ark.,
Memphis, Tenn., Mansfield, L.t., Minclen,
Ya„ and Robeline, La.
Heavy Frosts—Palestine Tex., Shreve
port, La., and Vicksburg, Miss.
Light Frost—Dallas, Tex., Cheneyville,
La., and Monroe, La.
| | Dist. Averages.
I No. | 1 ,
Central Station. | Sta-i Max.; Mln.ißaln
|tions;Tem.|Tem.j fall.
Atlanta | 10 | 66 | 40 | ,04 _
Augusta j 11 j 72 ! 48 I .20
Charleston j 5 j 74 ; 58 | .10
Galveston .:... j 26 | 64 <| 36 j .00
Little Rock | 11 | 56 | 32 | T
Memphis I 11 I 62 j 36 | .08
Mobii’a | 6 j 70 i 40 j .01
Montgomery | 7 j 74 | 40 j T
New Orleans | 10 | 60 | 36 .01
Savannah i 12 ; 76 ! 50 j .21
Vicksburg | 7 ! 60 | 36 , .01
Wilmington ... |lO 72 62 j .24
Remarks—Warmer over the Atlantic dis
tricts, and decidedly colder over the West
ern nnd Central districts, with killing
frosts in Arkansas, Texas, Tennessee and
Louisiana, and heavy frosts in Mississip
pi. Light rains have fallen in all districts
except Texas.
Observations taken Oct. 26, 1898, 8 p. m.
(75th meridian, time), at the same moment
of time at all stations for the Morning
News: *
Stations— I -|-T.| *V. IRaln
Boston, raining 60 24 11.42~
New York city, raining .. 58 12 i .74
Philadelphia, raining 54 12 j .70
Washington city, clear .. 40 12 j .00
Norfolk, cloudy 58 12 j .10
Hatteras, raining 62 20 2.79
Wilmington, clear 50 18 1 .02
Charlotte, clear 40 6 | .00
Raleigh, cloudy 48 12 ! .14
Charleston, clear 50 18 j T
Atlanta, cloudy 38 14 1 .00
Augusta, clear 44 8 .CO
Savannah, clear 48 18 .00
Jacksonville, clear 54 12 .00
Jupiter, pt cloudy j 72 L .ffl
Key West, cloudy I 72 14 .70
Tampa, clear | 68 L .(0
Pensacola, c(,ear , | 48 12 .00
Montgomery, clear 44 L .00
Vicksburg, clear | 48 L ,IK)
New Orleans, clear | 52 14 .00
Port Bade, clear | 54 30 .00
Galveston, clear ; 58 12 .00
Corpus Christl, clear |62 S .00
Palestine, clear j 52 Cm .00
Memphis, clear | 48 \ L .00
Cincinnati, cloudy j 40 ! 18 .02
Pittsburg, raining I 40 ; 8 .02
Buffalo, raining ... 64 j 30 .38
Detroit, cloudy j 32 ! 14 .02
Chicago, cloudy j 34 12 T
Marquette, cloudy j 30 18 .01
St. Paul, clear j 36 j L .00
Davenport, clear j 34 i L j .00
St, Louis, clear j 42 j 8 j .00
Kansas City, clear j 44 j L .01
Oklahoma, clear | 50 j 8 I .00
Dodge City, pt cloudy | 50 | 14 1 .00
North Platte, pt cloudy ..j 50 j 14 | .00
-|-T, temperature; *V. velocity of wind,
H. B. Boyer. Observer.
Does Your a
Head Ache r
Are your nerves weak ? Can’t
you sleep well ? Pain in your
back ? Lack energy ? Appetite
poor ? Digestion Dad ? Jioils or
pimples ? These are but some of
the results of constipation. If
the contents of tho bowels are ftot
removed from tho body each
day, as nature intended, poison
ous substances are sure to be ab
sorbed into the blood, always
causing suffering and frequently
causing severe disease.
There is a common-sense cure.
pPlls
They daily insure an easy and
natural movement of the bowels.
Price, 25c. a box. All druggists.
■dyer's Sarsaparilla
withthepillswill hasten recovery.
Write the doctor lust how you are
suffering. You will receive the best
medical advice without cost.
Du. *>. C. AYER, Lowell, Mass.
tea am> tea drixkixg.
U liy It Stimulates and How to Make
It So id* 10 Avoid 111 Effects.
From ihc London Standard.
Dr. Goodfellow of the East London Tech
nical College gave an address recently in
the lecture hall at the Agricultural Hall
upon "Tea and Tea Drinking." This was
one of the series in course of delivery In
connection with the International. Exhibi
tion and Market now being held. Mr. R. C.
Jarvis of Birmingham, president of a com
mittee of the Grocers' Federation, occupied
the chair.
Dr. Goodfellow, who illustrated his lec
ture by a number of chemical experiments,
said the most common of the stimulating
beverages was tea. There was a great
difference In the physiological effects of
black tea as compared with green tea. The
processes employed in the manufacture of
green ten developed a much larger per
centage of the narcotic principle than was
the case with the ordinary black tea; and
the special mode of treatment of the very
highly cultivated Chinese teas also ac
counted for the wide difference in aroma
which the higher class developed. Tea
upon analysis consisted for the most part
of water cellulose and woody fiber, and
there were several soluble constituents
which readily dissolved in hot or boiling
water—the soluble bodies in the Infusion
which gave to the beverage its character
istic properties. The most important and
interesting of these bodies was a nitro
genous substance termed theine. This pos
sessed exceedingly powerful stimulating
and restorative properlies, and acted chief
ly on the nervous system, while in a minor
degree it acted upon circulation. There
was also another substance in tea, which
was an aromatic oil, and gave to the in
fusion a characteristic odor; when present
in considerable proportions it had a nar
cotic effect upon the nervous system.
A third soluble body, which was present
in varying proportions, was tannic acid,
and this constituent gave to tea its inju
rious properties; and was a powerful strin
gent. Tannic acid had the power of con
tracting blood vessels and preventing
bleeding; and it also had a peculiar hard
ening action on the delicate mucous mem
brane of the stomach and bowels. In pre
paring tea, the points to be borne In mind
were to develop the aroma and to obtain
the maximum of theine with the minimum
percentage of tannic acid. In order to se
cure these results, it was necessary to
have two hot, dry earthenware teapots
and as soft a water as possible. The
earthenware teapots should be placed in
front of the fire to get them thoroughly
warm; when the water came to the bois,
the tea should to.placed in one of the hot
teapots and allowed to remain with the
cover on for about half a minute; boiling
water should then be poured in as quick
ly as possible for four minutes. The
time of standing would vary according to
'the character of the tea used. The infus
ion should be used at once. On no ac
count was a second brew permissible.
When the tea leaves were allowed to stand
for a considerable time in the hot water
notable quantities of the tanfiln were dis
solved out. When, therefore, hot water
was added to the tea leaves that had been
standing in the pot, the result was chiefly
a solution of tannic acid, which, being as
tringent and biting in taste, the properties
were looked upon as the strong tea of the
brew; but as the stimulating properties
of tea depended upon the theine, it was
obvious that special tea did not produce
the refreshing effect for which tea was
taken.
Very often the deep common tea was
due simply to the tannin which was pres
ent, and such tea was usually poor in
theine. Very high-c!ass teas did not pro
duce, even on lengthened infusion, deeply
colored brews; such leas usually possesed
high percentages of theine with low pro
portions of tannic acid. The physiological
effects of drinking properly prepared tea
in moderation were those of stimulating
the nervous system, increasing the circu
lation and activity of the sweat glands,
but theine acled as a general rouser to the
brain and higher nerve centers. The in
creased circulation produced perspiration,
so that it was scientifically true to say
that a cup of tea cooled, the increased flow
of perspiration leading to loss of heat from
the body. When tea was properly pre
pared, and not taken In excess, it was
practically non-injurious, and was a ne
cessity in order to meet the conditions of
modern life. Badly prepared tea contained
an excess of tannic acid, and that body
acted most injuriously upon the digestive
system. Many attacks of indigestion were
brought on by drinking so-cailed "strong”
tea at meal times. The drinking, when
carried to excess, might also produce in
those who were predisposed to nervous
complaints palpitation of the heart, hy
per-excitability, sleeplessness and nervous
ness; and those who were naturally of an
excitable nature and suffered from nerv
ous complaints should be careful not to
carry tea drinking too far. The golden
rule he laid down with regard to tea
drinking were: Always to use good tea;
use Water which had just got to the boil;
Infuse about four minutes; do not allow
the leaves to stand in the infusion; avoid
second brews and the infused tea leaves;
avoid tea at the principal meal; and, if suf
fering from heart or nervous complaints,
only pse the very finest qualities of tea,
with short infusion. If this could not to
afforded they should avoid tea altogether.
BIG SWARM OF BUTTERFLIES.
Procession of Millions Fnsses Over
AVlchlta, Kan.
Wichita Special in Kansas City Times.
Of all the strange phenomena which
have been observed in this section that
which seems the most unprecedented oc
curred here to-day in the form of a swarm
of butterflies, which in point of number
was countless. The day was extremely
hot and unusually still. Only two other
days in the year registered a higher de
gree of heat, the thermometer standing 104
In the shade at 2 o'clock.
The first of the butterflies began to be
noticeable about 3:15 o'clock in the after
noon, and soon literally filled the air. They
all were going in a southerly direction.
They were not as plentiful in the business
portion as just outside, where there were
lawns, but it seemed that there could be
no room for any more without causing
them to beat themselves to pieces upon
each other.
Comparatively few seemed inclined to
alight, but when they did so each spot was
a mass of brilliant, vibrating color. They
seemed to pass around the trees and
scarcely any touched the ground.
For a short distance the winged travel
ers resembled a heavy shower of autumn
leaves. The varieties known as paplllo
ajax, or the larger yellow, and the da
naisarchlppus, or brown, seemed to be the
most plentiful, especially the latter. The
fluttering of so many rvings produced a
somewhat dizzy sensation, and to the ob
server it appeared as though the passing
yellow and brown cloud was the departure
of Indian summer.
Although there were countless billions
of them, there was no sound, save the gen
tle and scarcely perceptible purr. After
passing near the ground they seemed to
mount up high in the air to the south
ward, until they were lost in the distance.
They continued passing until within a
half hour of sunset.
Millions still remained behind, appar
ently lost, although they did not seem to
collide with anything in their passage.
During part of the time business practi
cally ceased, crowds gathering to witness
the phenomenon. It is supposed that the
butterflies are part of a swarm driven
out of Colorado by the forest fires.
WINE OF GARDUI
BENEFITS CHILD AS WELL AS MOTHER.
Indianapolis,Nov. 8.
A I have received great benefit from taking
Wine of Cardui and Black-Draught while
vr'MiaJHPSar nursing my children. I did not have it after
VVTBsb the first two came, and I was greatly reduced
Tl\V in fl'’ s * l ' list two times I have used
T A 11 I with ff°°d results to myself and the little
I I ones. It makes the babies healthier tor me
/; | to take it. I get through childbirth better by
, / k -•■ ' ■ MRS. CR. WOODINa
Win Word* 1
The babe’s well-being depends so much upon its mother.
This is true both before birth and while the child is nursing.
Few women’s constitutions are of themselves strong enough to
withstand the severe trials of pregnancy. What b needed b a
tonic to stimulate the blood’s circulation, to Keep the genital or
gans in a nosmal condition, and to quiet the nervous system.
Wine of Cardui does this. It prepares the coming mother for
delivery shorn of unnecessary pain, and when the little one first
sees the light of day its condition, like that of the mother, will
be naturally atrong. If the mother keeps herself in health after
delivery, by regularly taking ■ ——...—-
Wine of Cardui. the child U J? IEB ' * d¥ *so r y department. !;
will imbibe strength from her , I "tSSSSKSS,
breast. It is gratifying to
Know that more and more C J
women are realizing this self-evident truth. The coming genera
tion b undoubtedly being made strorger with the help of Wine
of Cardui.
Druggists Sell Large Bottles for SI.OO.
WIN E ’ OF A CARD U L
RUGS
—AND—
RUGS
We have every kind and style, and
I* In all sizes up to 12x15. French Wil
ton Rugs, Smyrna Rugs, Jute Rugs,
Axminster Rugs.
PORTIERES.
The only place in town to see a full
stock of them. All sizes up to 72
inches wide.
LACE CURTAINS
of every description. Also full line of
Muslin Curtains.
MANTEL AND PIANO DRAPERY
in all the grades from cotton to silk.
Upholstery goods to suit you also.
FURNITURE.
It would be easier to tell you what
we have not got, than to enumerate
what we have. Everything you want
we have.
BUCK’S STOVES AND RANGES.
Everybody ought to know that they
are the best, for they certainly are..
INSURANCE VAPOR STOVES
we keep also. Merit and safest
stove on the market. Give us a call
and we will be sure to please you.
Look at those
ROYAL WILTON CARPETS
we have just received.
CASH OR TIME.
LINDSAY
—AND—
MORGAN
ESTABLISHED 1864.
GAS LESS THAN 50c PER THOUSAND.
Will do lighting, cooking and heating better
than coal gas.
HOW? Find out by sending for circulars of
TIRRILL CAS MACHINE CO.,
39 Dey Street, New York.
IF YOU WANT GOOD MATERIAL AND WORK ORDER YOUR LITHO
GRAPHED AND PRINTED STATIONERY AND BLANK BOOKS
FROM THE MORNING NEWS SAVANNAH, GA.