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CHIP p EWAYS USE MAGIC.
.\,. L E SIM’S ENEMIES AT LEEm
I,AKE FOLLOW SORCERY.
The sorcerer* Can Remove a Man’s
soul From His lloily Ways off
Milking Warrior* Invnlnernlle—A
•ircret Society at the Hutton ol It.
Women Are Members.
From the New York Sun.
Th' Chippeway Indians of Leech Lake,
v , m I’ncle Sam has been fighting, are
f They profess to have means of
, Mi, - at which ordinary human being
,v ,1 tremble. Their magicians say
|V]r V , IU . able to render men invulnerable,
to draw the soul out of the bodies of
thtii enemies, and to do other things that
y excite dread in the minds of the sol
,i! blue uniforms sent against them.
K impossible io surmise how much of
the trouble experienced by the troops in
i.' ighborhood of Bear lake has been at
tjihui.i le to the influence of these sor
ceivrs. Early explorers, such as Hennepin,
nfier whom the famoub canal is named,
wcre greatly astonished by the exhibitions
given by the Chippeway "medicine men,”
lir .() Father Marquette became convinced
\ ~1 their "manifestations” were of a su
jgrnatural order. After witnessing one or
~,, 0 : them he went so far as to leave
, place, declaring that they were the
v , ri; of the evil one, and not fit for him
to see.
The Chippeway sorcerers have always
strong opponents of the introduction
of Christianity. To these Indians, indeed,
, ,ir own ritual is even more impressive
than the Christian religion is to the aver
iivv civilised man. The magicians consti
,a =, eret society, the object of which is
io give to certain ambitious persons sufli
t;,.nt influence through their acknowledged
.„,, v ,r of necromancy and exorcism to en
them to lead an easy life at the ex
p,n. of the credulous. Members of the
foc.eiy are believed to possess the power
~ mmuning with vasious supernatural
l,r c.. and their business is to sell to ap
f> icani- their influence with these spirits.
] ■ anepin says:
, ,impostors cause themselves to be
reverenced as prophets who foretell tu
rn ity. They boast of being able to make
j. net or dry, to cause a calm or storm,
io render land fruitful or barren, and to
nuke hunters fortunate or unfortunate.
by the use of certain plants the Chlp
jy.n-ay sorcerer is enabled to take up and
handle with impunity red-hot stones and
burning brands, and it said that, without
showing the slightest discomfort, he will
I nhe his hands in boiling water,- or even
in boiling maple syrup. Through superna
tural moons he is acquainted with tlie
i leas and intentions of men, and by calling
from any human being his or her shadow
he deprives the victim of reason, or in
some cases of life. He holds special com
munication with the Turtle, which is the
most powerful of the spirits, and through
that spiiit with numerous bther malevo
lent beirgs, especially the Thunderbird.
Wrvn engaged in this kind of business he
i upies a lodge which consists of four
poles planted in the ground, around
which is wrapped birch bark or canvas in
such a way as to form an upright cylin
ti, r. When the sorcerer has seated him
f If inside of this structure the latter be
gins to sway violently from side to side;
loud thumping noises are heard within,
denoting the arrival of spirits, and laugh
ter and numerous voices are distinctly au
dible to those* without.
One of the most astonishing feats per
formed by the sorcerers, from the point
of view of the uninitiated, consists in caus
ing an empty sack—a magic bag, of
course—to move upon the ground as If it
were alive. This performance was wit
h’sstd more than once by Dr. W. J. Hoff
man of the United States bureau of ethno
logy, who explained it on the theory that
a house or some other small mammal was
confined in the sack. The magician has the
power of changing himseff into a bear
whenever he likes, using that disguise to
wreak vengeance upon unbelievers and
upon persons for whose destruction he
has been liberally paid by others. Imme
dlately upon the accomplishment of such
* murder, he resumes his human form,
thus escaping identification and detection.
It is understood, however, that crimes of
this sort are committed only by bad sor
cerers; for in this business there are benev
olent and malevolent magicians, just as
was formerly the case in the sorcery of
Europe.
The Chippeway sorcerers are able to
trir.s/orm themselves not only into bears,
hut also into wolves, foxes, owls, bats
ii 'l snakes. Some of the members of the
fecret society are women, and they pos
s--s similar powers. It sometimes hap
prs that such a witch, while in the shape
of a bear, is chased by hunters, and under
such circumstances she will run behind
n tree or a hill so as to be lost sight of
for a time by her pursuers. Then, in
stead of seeing a bear, they behold an old
woman walking quietly along or digging
up roots, and looking extremely innocent.
'J he fox witches are known by the flame
of fire which comes from their mouths'
every time they bark.
lb- magic sack already referred to is
made of the skin of a mink, to the nose
°f which downy white feathers are fas
tened as an ornament. In this bag are
carried the sacred -objects belonging to
lu< sorcerer, such as colors for paintings
the face, a peculiar red powder employed
,or hunters’ charms, small effigies, amu
-- • and various abnormal objects. One
of three last is described by Dr. Hoffman
n- the i(g 0 f a goshawk, out of which had
grown, by a freak of nature, a super
numerary limb of smaller size. This fet
n h was considered of great value, being
supposed to be a medium whereby the
! bunder-god might be invoked and his
tu’K- r appeased. This deity is represent
'd in the Chippeway picture writing by
f asle, or frequently by some kind of
hawk.
I" r the aid of hunters a special com
p-und is prepared by the Chippeway sor
cer<-r - madu up of the leaves and roots of
U' ral plants ground to powder. A small
quantity of (his compound is put into the
ftp barrel with the bullet, and sometimes
B small pinch of it on the trail of an ani
l^ 1 *u compel it to halt. When the or
' lex Indian contemplates a hunting trip
b tir.-u visits the magician, giving him a
i t-ent of tobacco before announcing the
I j pose of his call, and afterward promis
>o him certain parts of the animal
J‘' b he may kill. The magician, it sat
‘"l with the terms, makes an offering
4 'he appropriate spirit, and draws with
sharp-pointed bone upon a small piece
‘ -irch bark an outline of the animal
, ' s - r ed by che applicant. The heart of
'* nimal is indicated in the drawing by
Puncture, upon which a small quantity
o V” million is carefully rubbed, this col
* i “g very efficacious toward effecting
' death of the creature.
1 i- a part of the business of the Chip
sorcerer to make himself familiar
;tle hunting grounds of his neig'.ibor
,, , ascertaining the best feeding areas
b \ ' ar i°us game animals and their haunts
* afferent seasons. He keeps himself in
, "1 on the subject also by Inquiries
, ''turning hunters, and thus becomes
1- - ’ so< * a ' ar S® amount of valuable
r ' rin ation respecting the natural histo
r the surrounding country, by which
o ' !,e can ’ w *th a tolerable amount of
t „,.' lrUy ’ dlrect a hunter to the best
’ fs for such varieties of game as may
be particularly desired by - It is ob
vious that such knowledge ould go a
long way in the business of the sorcerer
who makes a specialty of advice in mat
ters of sport.
It does not appear that women among
the Chippeways are quite on the same
plane with men as sorcerers, no matter
what degree of initiation into the secret
society they may have attained. The doc
trine of the equality of the femme sex
with the masculine has not been accepted
among Indians even in matters where
magic is concerned, though it has been
admitted everywhere else in the world
that women are most terrible when they
tackle magic. Their power in this regard
Whs always been greatly dreaded, as is
evidenced by the zva'. with which witches
have been burned and otherwise destroy
ed in Europe and even in this country.
The business of female sorcerers among
the Chippeways has to do chiefly with
the treatment of women and children, and
with tattooing for the cure of headache.
The tat tooing is done with finely powder
ed charcoal, soot, or gunpowder, the
pricking instrument being made by tying
together several needles. The marks are
made immediately over the afflicted part,
usually on the temples, to drive out the
demon accountable for the mischief.
As among other Indians, it is believed
by the Chippeways that diseases are caus
ed by demons which have obtained lodg
ment in the body of the patient. Medi
cines are useful merely because of the
magic influence they possess, which is ef
fective in expelling the evil spirit. It is
observable that the Chippeway sorcerers
employ a number o“f plants therapeutically
which are well recognized as valuable in
the civilized pharmacopoeia, but it is be
lieved that their acquaintance with most
of these is the result of long-continued
friendship with the Roman Catholic
priests. Special value for health and per
sonal safety is supposed to attach to cer
tain trees, etc., which are employed in the
making of houses, utensils and weapons,
because of the magical properties inher
ing in them.
It is not merely on account of their in
clinations toward sorcery that the Chip
peways are interesting. They are one of
the largest aboriginal tribes numerically
of the United States, and are scattered
over a very considerable area, from the
province of Ontario on the east to the Red
river on the West, and from Manitoba
southward through the states of Minne
sota, Wisconsin and Michigan. These peo
ple, strictly speaking, are a timber peo
ple, and in their westward migration and
dispersion they have never passed beyond
the limit of timber growth which so re
markably divides Minnesota into distinct
areas of forest and prairie. That state
contains many thousands of lakes, large
and small,and until recently the wild fowl,
game and fish of the region have fur
nished to the Indians their chief source of
subsistence. In the southern part of their
habitat the Chippeways have pretty gener
ally adopted civilized pursuits', discarding
the blanket and taking to farming.
The Chippeway sorcerers seem to have
considerable knowledge of poisons, by
means of which they are able to Inflict
death or various other physical punish
ments upon persons whom they dislike.
One of their concoctions is made up of
parts of several plants, with rattlesnake
blood. The serpent to be used for this pur
pose is crushed, and its blood is collected
dried and poWdoretE Other snakes are
sometimes employed as a substitute. The
compound is said to'cause paralysis of one
side of the face, and the truth of the as
sertion seems to he proved by six cases of
the kind which came to the knowledge of
Dr. Hoffman. In five of these cases the
distortion disappeared after weeks or
months, but in one case it continued for
several years, with no signs of recovery.
It is not apparent that anything but
strychnine could bring about such effects.
Dr. Hoffman says that whereas it is cus
tomary ordinarily among Indians to use as
little clothing as possible when engaged
in dancing, either of a social or ceremonial
nature, the Chippeways vie with each
other.in costly and gaudy dress. The sor
cerer priests wear elaborate costumes or
namented with heads and colored porcu
pine quills. These savages nowadays wear
few emblems of personal valor or exploit,
comparatively few members of the present
generation having been actively engaged
in war, so that there is generally found
only among the older members the practice
of wearing on the head eagle feathers
bearing significant marks. A feather split
from the tip towards the middle denotes
that the wearer was wounded by an ar
row. A red spot painted on a feather
shows the wearer to have been wounded
by a bullet. The privilege of wearing a
feather tipped with, rttf flannel is recog
nized only when the wearer has killed an
enemy, and, when a great number have
been killed in war, the so-called war bon
net is worn, consisting of a large number
of feathers.
According to the Chippeway myths, the
human race was started by a woman who
came down from heaven and remained for
some time fluttering in the air, not find
ing ground whereupon to put her feet. The
fishes, moved with compassion for her,
deliberated, and finally the tortoise offered
its back on the surface of the water. The
woman rested upon it, and afterwards the
dirt floated on the sea gathered together
about the tortoise and was formed grad
ually into the tract of land now called
Have You Seen the
FREE EXHIBITION
OF THE
SEVEN
SUTHERLAND
SISTERS
Hair Grower and
Scalp Gleaner?
If not, do not delay longer, as the days
of the exhibition are limited, n will pay
any one to see the luxuriant growth of
hair worn by the ladies in attendance,
which, by the way, was produced by the
use of the highly meritorious prepara
tions they represent, and was not in
herited, as some people think.
The ladies will cheerfully give to all
visitors, free of cost, any information
desired regarding the necessary treat
ment of the hair and scalp to produce
the best results.
It costs nothing to see this great exhi
bition, so why not come to-day? Every
body is invited.
H. 11. LIVINGSTON,
Savannah, Ga.
Mornings at Bull and Congress streets.
Afternoons at Bull street store, opposite
De Soto.
THE MORNING NEWS: FRIDAY, NOYEMBER 11, 189S.
America. After a bit a spirit descended
upon the woman, and she conceived chil
dren, who were the ancestors of man
kind.
THE CATTLE QUEEN OF MONTANA.
.Mr* Nat Colllu*' Annual Cattle Train
to Chicago.
From the Minneapolis Tribune.
The city of Minneapolis has within Its
gates to-day a notable guest, no less a per
sonage than Mrs. Nat Collins, who is
known throughout the Northwest as "the
cattle queen of Montana." Mrs. Collins
presents a picturesque figure of the rare
and perfect type which is fast giving Way
to another order of things. She is the pro
duct of the conditions which prevailed up
on the western plains many years ago. and
a history of her eventful life is about as
interesting as could possibly be painted by
the greatest living novelist.
Mrs. Collins is cn route to Chicago, and
she came to this city with a train-load
of cattle—32 car-loads—all her own prop
erty. She makes this trip each year, and
accompanies the stock from the ixrint of
shipment in Montana to this city, the last
feeding point before reaching Chicago.
From here she takes the regular passenger
train and travels as befits her condition as
mistress of a great fortune. The cattle are
directly In charge of six of the cowboys
from her ranch, and they are with the
stock from Montana to Chicago.
Mrs. Collins, although a married woman,
is master of the various ranches in her
name in Montana. This property is lo
cated in the vicinity of Choteau, a little
town which lies north of Helena and is
about 65 miles from Great Falls, which
is the nearest large town. Choteau is
about 25 miles from her ranches, and Is
also 35 miles from the nearest railroad.
Thus it can be seen that the cattle queen
is located remotely enough almost to rival
Robinson Crusoe for isolation,
Mrs. Collins has had a romantic career,
although not devoid of what would be con
sidered grievous hardships by the average
American woman She Is now about 55
years of age, and is just as lively and vig
orous as any young woman In the £o's.
She is an industrious worker, and is of
that nervous temperament which must
find employment to keep the mind at rest
and the heart satisfied. She began her
western experience at the age of 10 years,
and has lived upon the plains ever since.
It is her boast that site went through Den
ver when that great city of to-day con
tained but one log cabin and <a few tents.
Long before she was 20 years old she had
made 10 trips across the plains between
Omaha and Denver, acting in the capacity
of cook in the wagon train of which her
brother was wagonmaster.
Later on the spirit of adventure which
had begun to dominate her disposition im
pelled her to remove to the new mining
fields of Montana, at the time of their
first opening. She visited Bannock and
many other points, and was the first white
woman in Virginia City. She was at
Helena before there was such a place, and
it was at Helena some time later that she
wedded Nat Collins, a well-known and re
spected miner. The marriage occurred
about 30 years ago, and shortly after the
ceremony the young couple quit the min
ing camps and went Into the northern part
of Montana and established themselves in'
the stock-raising business, to which they
have clung persistently and with great
success ever since. They have but one
child, a daughter, 16 years old.
They began ranching with about 4fo
head of stock. The animals were turned
loose upon the plains and allowed to in
crease and multiply as rapidly as they
would, and to-day Mrs. Collins says it
would be utterly impossible for her to give
even an estimate of the number of head of
cattle upon her various ranches. No ef
fort is made to count them. Each year
they round up as many as they care to
ship, and the others are unmolested.
The cattle queen has well earned her
reputation. Probably no one person In
Montana has larger cattle Interests than
she. Her success has been due to her own
interest and exertions, for her husband Is
one of those quiet individuals who prefer
to take life with as little trouble as pos
sible. When Mrs. Collins began to ship
her stock to the eastern market she found
herself confronted by railway rules and
regulations which expressly stated that no
woman could ride in the cabooses attached
to the stock trains. She Immediately put
in a protest, and as the agent could give
her no satisfaction she carried the matter
to the division superintendent. That offi
cial found himself powerless, and finally
James J. Hill, president of the Great
Northern, was appealed to. Mr. Hill re
luctantly refused her the desired permis
sion, and by so doing raised a storm of
indignation about his luckless head. It a
few days he was fairly smothered with
letters from prominent ranchmen and cat
tlemen of Montana, demanding that he re
cord the customary privileges of the road
to Mrs. Collins. In a few days threats be
gan coming in, the writers declaring that
if he did not accede to Mrs. Collins's re
quest they, the principal cattlemen of the
West, would refuse to ship another hoof
over the road. Mrs. Collins got her pass
and has had one each year since, and is
to-day the only woman so favored.
One would suppose that with the man
agement of several large ranches upon her
shoulders Mrs. Collins would find plenty
Io keep her busy, but such is not the case.
She declares that there Is any quantity
of time which she finds it almost impos
sible to dispose of, and she finds vent for
her surplus energy in various ways. Re
cently she visited the new mining region
near St. Mary’s Lake, Mon., and while
there invested in several fine copper
claims, and located a town site upon the
banks of the lake.
In Jail for Debt.
From the Pall Mall Magazine.
The King’s bench was the largest of all
the debtors' prisons. It formerly stood on
the east side of High street, on the site
of what Is now the second street north
of St. George's Churqjt. This prison was
taken down in 1758, and the debtors were
removed to a larger and much more com
modious place on the other side of the
street, south of Lant street—the site Is now
marked by a number of new and very
ugly houses and mean streets. In the year
1776 the prisoners had to lie two in a bed,
and even for those who could pay there
were not bfds enough, and many slept on
The floor of tho chapel. There were 395
prisoners; In addition to the prisoners
many of them had wives and children
with them. There were 279 wives and 275
children—a total of 1,399 sleeping every
night in the prison. There was a good
water supply, but there was no infirmary,
no resident surgeon, and no bath. Imag
ine a place containing 1,399 persons, and
no bath and no infirmary! Among these
prisoners, about a hundred years ago,
was a certain Col. George Hanger,
who has left his "Memoirs” behind him
for the edification of posterity. According
to him the prison "rivaled the purlieus of
Wapping, St. Giles and St. James in vice,
debauchery and drunkenness.” The gen
eral Immorality was so great that It was
only possible, he says, to escape con
tagion by living separate, or by consorting
only with the few gentlemen of honor who
might be found there. "Otherwise a man
will quickly sink into dissipation—he will
lose every sense of honor and dignity,
'every moral principle and virtuous dispo
sition.”
HIS WIFE AM INSPIRATION.
PLEASURE AND 'PROFIT DERIVED
FROM HER INGENIOUS AV AYS.
The Newspaper Man'* Cuff and What
the Ala riot on It Meant—Sugges
tion* That He Obtained From ill*
Wife's Conversation Their Heal
Aalne Withheld From Her.
From the New York Sun.
"My wife” began the newspaper
man.
“Is an angel, of course,” remarked the
cynic.
• "Na, not yet, thank heaven,” calmly. “I
was going to say that my wife cams
her board and clothes every week of the
year; and yet, so far as I know, she has
practically nothing to do.”
*“I suppose she smooths the troubled
brow of care and all that sort of tiling.”
"Sometimes. But that wasn’t what I
meant. See there?” and the newspaper
man pulled down his cuff and pointed to
some pencilled notes.
“ 'Fork, L seats, mat. hour, blind beg
gars. Agt. de Voitures’—what in thunder is
all that?” demanded the cynic.
“That's her yesterday’s contribution to
the family puree."
“But I don’t”
“I know you don’t. I'm going to ex
plain. I think I’m safe in believing that
nobody can tap this wire.”
“What do you”
"Mean? Well, when I say wire. In this
case, I mean that my wife is a perfect bu
reau of information when it comes to
out-of-the way happenings. She isn't a
gadabout, but not a day passes that she
doesn’t entertain me at dinner with all
sorts of odds and ends, with interesting
things she has seen, with bits of conver
sation she has overheard, with troubles
which are original, and with gleams of
satisfaction over something you never had
noticed. She’s a perfect mine of clews
for newspaper stories.”
"Sort of a partner in the business, eh?"
“Yes, but she doesn’t realize it. She sees
a long article about something she has
mentioned, and she Is so pleased to think
I took an interest in it! I don't want
her to get into the professional hunt for
news. I know from my- own experience
that It will spoil her irresponsible pleas
ure in things And I’m afraid, too, that It
will take away the freshness of her view
of things. So I simply put down a word on
my cuff while she chatters on, and after
wards I do what I can with these hints.”
"But those you have there, for Instance.
What do they mean?”
"Different things. Take ‘fork’ for in
stance. Last night at dinner, I dropped my
fork and when I picked it up my wife be
gan to laugh and said: 'John, you won’t
do for the city half park.’
"'What’s the matter with me?’ I asked.
“ ‘You drop your fork too often,’ she
said. ‘Down there I saw a man going
around gathering up the bits of paper
which had blown over the grass, and in
stead of stooping over and picking up each
scrap he speared it with a long-handled
fork. He'd stick two or three before he
pulled them off and put them In a bag he
had over his shoulder. Then he'd stick
two or three more. He didn't have to stoop
over once. I suppose that fork saves his
back from breaking in two.’
"Did you ever notice that fork?” asked
the newspaper man of the cynic.
"No."
"Neither did I; and yet I’ve been going
through the park for years. The man and
his fork are there, however.”
“Well,” said the cynic, "how about the
L 6eats!”
"The L seats?” repeated the newspaper
man. “It was this way. My wife said to
me last night: John, haven’t I heard some
thing about the press moulding public
opinion ?’
I opined that in all probability she had.
" ‘Wefl, then,’ she said, 'I want you to do
a little moulding to phase me.’
“Of course I said that I would settle pub
lic opinion in a minute to please her.”
” ‘All light,’ she said. ‘lt’s about the
cross-seats in the “L” cars. Of course I
like to sit there and of course I do sit
there when I get a good chance. To-day
Mrs. and I got on the downtown train
at Fifty-eighth street and took one of the
cross-seats facing forward. One man was
in the seat back of us and one man each
in the two seats across the aisle. At the
next station several passengers got on and
most of them dropped into the seats at the
end of the car. One man, however, came
to the middle and with a calm look at us
sat down, facing us in our section. Do you
see? Instead of doing the natural and most
comfortable thing, that is, going into a
section where there was only one passen
ger, ho planted himself opposite us be
cause we were women. Of course, there
was the usual assorting of feet so as to get
three pairs settled, and, of course, we were
annoyed because he had intruded. I
wouldn’t care at all if the other scats had
been as full as ours, though even then the
gentlemanly thing to do would be to sit
down opposite two men rather than opiio
eite two women. It wasn’t the slight crowd
ing thnt I ifiinded, but the barefaced Intru
sion into women’s presence when the other
seats were even more inviting In them
selves, but held only men.’
"Well,” said the newspaper man, of
course, I said that she mustn't pay any
attention to it, because I lie man who would
do that sort of thing Is beneath her no
tice. But she said that it has happened
hundreds of times, and she is getting sick
and tired of it. She says that the men
who do it are not of the rougher class,
but well-dressed, decent-looking men,
from whom a woman ought to expect cour
tesy. She said that the other day she
went downtown In a car where there was
one passenger In each of the four cross
sections. She was the only woman among
the four. At Fiftieth street a man got
on, came along the aisle and eaimly sat
down at her side! He not only avoided
the other sections, containing only one
man each, but he even made her share her
seat with him. She got up and took a seat
near the door. What else could she do?
A thing like that is an insult, and all
the meaner because a woman can't resent
It. 1 got madder about It than she was,
but I'm afraid I can’t carry out my prom
ise about public opinion.”
The cynic was thoughtful for a minute
or two, then he asked about the ’’mat.
heu r.”
“Oh, that wasn’t anything very much.
My wife was going to the matinee and
was wondering when it began. We hunted
up the paper and it contained this an
nouncement for that theater; "To-night at
8:15. Matinees Wednesday and Saturday.’
Then I said:
•• ’Whore are the tickets? Perhaps they
will tell. They ought to.’
’’ ’Yes,’ said my wife, ‘hut they don’t.
I have looked at theater tickets a hun
dred times to see if they wouldn’t give
the hour of the performance, but I have
never found one that did. I don't see why
In the world he don’t. One can’t always |
have a paper at hand, even If the palter
always gave the hour for the performance,
which is doesn’t, anyway.' ”
“If your wife wants to send a petition
to managers asking them to put on the
tickets the hour for the show I’ll sign it,"
remarked the cynic, with unaccustomed
fervor. ’’We’re getting on,” he resumed
“How about the blind beggars?”
“Why, we had a long discussion fast
night whether a blind beggar was more
successful than one that could see. I main
tained that he wouldn't get so much, be
cause people could kind of sneak by him
without being seen. Hut my w ife had sev
eral good arguments on the other side.
She said that people were always sus
iveting a blind beggar of being an impos
ter and looking nt him pretty colsely in
order to find out whether he was one or
not. If they tind out that he really is
blind they are so sorry for him th;vt they
are willing to give him a copper or two,
especially as they can drop a cent in the
bo* and not be seen by the heggar. My
wife says she believes that ever so many
more people would give to beggars If they
could stop and dig out a cent from some
corner without the beggar having a greedy
and expectant eye upon them all the time.
Her arguments were that the blind beggar
gets their attention in the first place be
cause they sus|>oot him; then he gets their
sympathy because he t genuine; then he
gets their cent because he doesn't embar
rass them by watching thorn and can’t re
proach them with a look because they
don’t give him more. And her final ar
gument, which was a clincher, was that
she gave 2 cents to a blind beggar yester
day herself.”
The cynic laughed.
“There's no answering that, at any rate,”
he said. "Now for that French on your
cuff."
“Well, my wife is a good straight Ameri
can, though she speaks French and has
lived in Paris. Yesterday she announced
that good, plain English seemed to tie go
ing out of fashion in New York. She told
me that one of the Fifth avenue establish
ments has a uniformed man at the door,
and on his cap is the legend:
AGENT DE VOITURES.
"She said that in New York she pre
ferred to have her carriage—bless her, she
doesn't hire a cab once a month—called by
a plain ‘carriage agent,’ and not by tny
"azzhonu du ywahtur,’ or something like
that. Then she said she saw a photo
graph in a window and she stopped to look
at that. It was labelled 'Ensemble Sing
ero,’ so she told me. But she said that it
just meant chorus singers, and she won
dered why it didn’t say so.”
''Seems to be a. sensible woman, your
wile does." remarked the cynic.
“Sensible!" exclaimed the newsoaper
man. "Well, I should—here, here, Jona
than, my boy!—come down!” he said, us
he checked himself. "You say truly,” he
continued, with professional Indifference.
"And, as I remarked—or you remarked—
before, a good business partner. I don’t
know what I’d do without her eyes and
ears."
BATHS IN SCHWA I, BACH.
Experiences of a Chicago Girl In the
Famous Bavarian Baths.
Mary Leighton in the Chicago News.
Upon entering the bath the first sensa
tion Is that of finding the water some
what cool, as the physicians prescribe
the baths at as low a temperature as their
patients are willing to take them.
The next feeling is a delicious, soft,
caressing sensation, as the air bubbles
in the water gather on the body until
they completely cover it. If the bather
lies perfectly still they presently become
so numerous as to form, a double coating
and curious branching radiations from
the body. The skin grows rosy under the
stimulus of the adhesion and bursting of
air bubbles.
One feels luxuriously comfortable and in
clined to remain floating In this bath of
champagne-llke water long after the med
ically prescribed time has passed.
A touch of an electric bell at the side
of the bath brings an attendant, with
warm sheets, who adds energy to the
bather’s rather weak resolve to leave this
ideal spot of earth, or spot of water, by
assuring her that 500 baths are given
dally in this bathing establishment, and
exactly one hour Is allotted for each hath
and preparation for the next.
Many ladles have the assistance also
of their own maids and emerge from the
baths in the most elaborate, charming
costumes, and as sweet and fresh as
spring blossoms.
The effect of the steel bath Is to make
one feel as though half the weight and
depression of the fleshy frame had fallen
away, and one were become more spirit
than body.
In this frame of mind the bather joins
the throng of visitors promenading In the
beautiful green park stretching from the
Weinbrunnen to the lawn tennis courts;
or she stops at the Weinbrunnen for a
glass of steel water, and while sipping It
trips up and down in the cheerful, pleas
ant arcades, past booth** of exquisite Bo
hemian laces, Bohemian gh>s, Vienna
leather goods, fine gloves, library hooks
for circulation, roses, which latter are a
glory unspeakable. 1 have never seen
such roses, not even in Homburg, where.
I thought, until visiting Schwalbach, they
reached perfection. I measured one. of a
beautiful bunch sent me by a friend and
It had a diameter of six Inches.
I have spoken of the steel baths of
Schwalbach as a pleasure and delight;
but the mud baths are a trial to the soul,
especially a fastidious, squeamish, clean
ly soul.
When one has gone through sufficient
mental preparation and has mode up one’s
mind that nothing Is unclean unless one
regards it so, and has actually stepped
Into and sat down In and been engulfed
to the chin In the thick, velvety, offens
ive smelling mud, which Is a combination
of peat, steel water and an Iron prepara
tion added by medical direction, a sense
of relief falls upon the mind; for the ter
rors of the bath have been faced and the
sensation of the warm, soft, clinging peat
is very agreeable.
A wooden cover Is put down over the
tub. It fits about the neck, leaving the
head protruding; and the bather actually
laughs, a miserable little laugh, to think
how like a tortise she would be if she
could only see her toes.
The mud bath is in a wooden car which
has been pushed into place in the room
along a narrow tramway; and the bather,
after a cleansing douche, steps from it
into a metal tub of bubbling steel water.
In this she regains spirit and respect for
life in general, but must forego the prom
enade which follows a steel bath and re
turn home to rest for an hour.
Woman’s j
Severest Trial, |i
Until recent years woman's severest
trial has been the bringing; of children
into the world.
Today nearly all the sickness, pain,
discomfort and dread are avoided by
these expectant mothers who use
Mother’s Friend, that wonder
ful linimrnt made famous by the great
good it has done. It is used externally.
That is the only sensible and safe way
to relieve morning sickness, headache,
tightness, swollen, hard or rising breast.
The bearing of children need no longer
be dreaded. Mother’s Friend has been
called a Godsend by mothers all over
this land. Sold at drug stores for $1 a
bottle, and by
Tie Bradfield Regulator Cos.. Atlanta. Go.
Write for our free iliuttratcd book, entitled ** Before
Bftby it Born '*
In the Very Pink
of Condition.
Few people enjoy the perfect health they should. It would ho aafe to nay
that there Is not one man, woman or child in the city of Savannah to-day
whose Health would not he Improved by the use of a bottle of JOHNSON'S
CHILL AND FEVER TONIC. If you wish to feel 100 per cent, better In the
next few days than you feel now, buy a bottle of Johnson’s Tonic and begin
taking it at once. If you do not feel very jierceptlbly Improved after using
one bottle, drop a postal card to A. B. GIRARDEAU, and he will return
the price of the purchase. Soldier and civilian, priest, poet, doctor, lawyer,
mechanic, laborer and loafer, all will feel better after using this magical
medicine. 10 times better than qutnine. Try it to-day.
PASSING OF NEWGATE.
I.ONOOVS ANCIENT PRISON TO BE
DESTROY ED.
Ita Grim History Through Many Cen
turies Notable Prisoners It Has
Harbored The Hell That Tolled
for Exeeutlona Silent Now
From the New York Evening Post,
The transformation of the aspect of New
York’s oldest prison from a grim Egypt
ian monument to a “sky-scraper” with a
modem facade goes on apace. While the
city is changing the appearance of Its most
noted prison, London is about to lose an
cient Newgate prison, a jail as historic
as the Bastlle, about which has dung te
naciously many romantic stories.
Newgate prison is one of the oldest build
ings in London, and is one of the "sights
of the town" which few American visit
ors fail to see. In a brief sketch of the
old jail, the London Telegraph asserts that
Newgate, despite Its name, was probably
ono of the oldest of those gates that pierced
the historic wall with which old London
was girdled. Maitland was the first to ob
serve that the traces of Roman Walling
street in a direct line with Newgate street,
discovered when digging the foundations of
Molborn Bridge, after the great lire,
pointed almost conclusively to the exist
ence of a gate here in Roman times. Its
name has a parallel In another Roman
gate, New Port, at Hncdn. Newgate, as
a prison, has a history almost as remote
as the Tower, and much more remote
than the Bastlle. Gatehouses were com
monly used as prisons in mediaeval Eng
land, not only In London, as in this New
gale. Ludgate, and the Gatehouse at West
minster, but also in the provincial towns,
as at York, Chester, Carlisle, etc.
New Gate, which stood across Newgate
street, a little to the east of Giltspur
street and the Old Bailey, is in all proba
bility Identical with the West Gate of
Saxon times us a place of ingress and
egress for the western traffic to and from
Chepe. It Is also very probably Identical
with the chamberlain's gate, mentioned In
very early documents, for the chander
laln's court was held in the Old Bailey,
hard by. It is first named as a prison
in the Pipe Roll. 118*. and continued to be
so use<j for nearly 600 years. So old a place’
naturally had several rebuildtngs.
The first that we hear of was tn the
reign of Henry I or his successor, Ste
phen the Usuper. Then, early In the fif
teenth century, being very ruinous, It was
again rebuilt by that thrice famous lord
mayor, Richard Whittington, equally dis
tinguished in history and fable. Thus
arose the cognomen of "Whit’s Palace,”
by which the prbon was long distinguish
ed, and thus, doubtless, It was that Whit
tington’s cat appeared as an appenduge
to one of the statues that ornamented the
last edition ot the gate.
Another famous Lord Mayor, William
Walworth, a predecessor of Dick, gave a
sum of money for the relief of those un
fortunates who had there taken up an In
voluntary abode, while In 1605 s. worthy
merchant tailor, one John, or Robert,
Down, left the sum of 1250 for tolling the
passing bell of St. Sepulchre’s as the con
demned left the prison for execution, for
pronouncing an exhortation as they pass
ed the church, und ringing a handbell
outside the prison on the evening previous
to the execution.
Thus arose the old custom of ringing
the "execution bell" at this church. This
execution bell was recently discovered In
an old chest In the vestry, and Is now
hung up In the church. Dowe’s chnrity,
having become obsolete, was diverted from
its original purpose a few years ago and
given to the rector and church wardens
in trust for the relief of deserving dis
charged prisoners. Some sixty years be
fore this charity was instituted, when the
Marian prosecution was about to burst
forth, John Rogers, the proto-martyr, who
was the vleur of this church, lay In New
gate with Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, 1
awaiting the fires by which the holders
o( the true faith were to demonstrate the
love of God.
It was from this name Newgate, "Whit's
Palace,” that Lord Kgremont, Sir Thomas
and Sir Richard Peroy broke In 1457, and
went to plead their cause in person before
the king. Their escape was followed by a
mutiny among the prisoners, who for a
time successfully defied the sheriffs and
citizens. But It was to the earlier New
gate that the enraged populace dragged
Robert de Baldock, chancellor of the realm
under Edward II.; It was to him they Im
puted most of the woes under which the
country languished, and he was so unmer
cifully used on the way that he died there
a few years after.
Newgate was rebuilt after a fire In 1536,
and again about 1630. This rebuilding lasted
till the great fire which followed the ter
rible plague of 1665. It would be In this
Newgate, then, that Pyrnne, the doughty
author of Hlstriomastlx, and "Free-born
John” Lilburne were confined. The earlier
history of Newgate as scant and vague,
but Mr. Griffiths, In his painstaking and
elaborate work, The Chronicle of New
gale, chiefly by the aid of a pamphlet by
one “B. L.” of Twickenham, has shown
that at some time during the common
wealth, when prison accommodation was
at a premium,ande ven thorn rawod wad
at a premium, and even churches were
turned into jails, Newgate was enlarged
by adding to the gatehouse the premises
formerly occupied by the Phoenix Inn In
Newgate street.
This prison, horribly unsanitary, offering
very Inadequate accommodation, and In
almost every sense unsuitable for Its pur
pose, had a long roll of distinguished pris
oners. Here were confined William, Lord
Russell; Penn, the founder of Pennsylva
nia; Muggleton, the founder of the sect
which bore his name; Ellwood, Milton’s
friend. Here Defoe commenced his review;
here died Sir Robert Wright, the lord chief
Justice who tried the. seven bishops. Here
It wus, too, that Quin was Imprisoned
while waiting his trial for having killed
Williams, a brother actor, in self-defense;
also Mncklln, for having killed another
actor by misadventure, and Johnson’s
friend, Joseph Barettt, for having stabbed
to death a street ruffian in self-defense.
Hence It was that Jack Sheppard made his
daring escapes.
Other names occur in connection with
old Newgate, names of men who spent
their lives In seeking to alleviate somewhat
the unshakable horrors of this and simi
lar places—such as Silas Todd, a disciple
of Wesley; Howard, and, afterwards, Eliz
abeth Fry. In 1767, Sir Stephen Jansen de-
Choice Liquors imported Direct
from the Finest Vineyards
in France and Spain.
The attention of the physicians and
public is called to these elegant wines
arul brandies, which are Imported di
rect in glass and bottled at vine
yards, and. which are the finest
liquors that have ever been placed
on this market. They are especially
suited to medical purposes and Inval
ids; also for connoisseurs and lovers
of elegant goods.
Our business la exclusively whole
sale, but wishing to Introduce this
ref”. VT of Rrandles, Wines and
W tlskles, we have determined to sell
them In any quantity desired.
Bi>eelal attention is called to our el
egant Normandlne Brandies from
Cognac. France, In all their rich
ness, strength and purity,
6HKKKIE9.
Grand old brands, Amnontlllado,
\ ine Panto and Olrosos, from Spain.
CLARETS—Andres Brands: Bor
deaux, very choice and old.
PORT WINE—OId London Dock.
RUM—Sunshine, Jamaica.
SCOTCH WHISKY—King William
IV. This brand of Scotch Whisky is
the drink of the lea,ling connoisseurs
clubs and cafes of New York, and
conceded to be the beet Imported.
Bitters and Cordials from Italy.
We also desire to call the attention
of the public to our fine late of Olive
Oil, Imported direct from Nice; it Is
pure and unadulterated, and is the
tlneat olive oil ihat has ever been
brought South.
IMPORTED BEERS.
These are also among our special
ties. We have all the favored brands
of Germany, which will please you.
A visit to our establishment Is so
licited,
LIPPMAN BROS,
Wholesale Druggists and Importers,
Llppman Block, Congress and Bar
nard Streets. Suvannah, Ga.
scribed old Newgate as "an abominable
sink of beastliness Rnd corruption." Three
years later, laird Mayor Beck ford, father
of the author of Vathek, and the plain
spoken lord mayor who Is commemorated
by a monument In Guildhall, laid the first
stone Of the new Newgate. This 1r gen
erally reckoned to ho one of the best work#
of its architect, George Dance. Certainly
It Is admirably in harmony with Its pur
pose. gloomy, forbidding and frowning up
on the Incipient criminal, an If to way,
"Abandon hope, all ye who enter here." '
The work proceeded slowly, for. In 1789,
when it was fired by the Gordon rioters,
If was not completed, and the damage
done on this occasion was so great that It
whs not fully repaired until 1782. Curiously
enough. Lord George Gordon himself waa
destined to die here, of jail distemper, in
179.1. Here it was that Earl Grey, Sher
idan and Lauderdale visited Horne Tooke,
In 1794; that Dr. Dodd, Governor Wall, the
Cator street conspirators, Fountieroy,
Courvoislcr. Muller, were confined,to await
execution. In 1783, the hideous Journey to
Tyburn was abolished, and executions took
place henceforth l*>fore the prison, but it
was only In 1868 that public saturnalia in
the Old Bailey came to an end. Newgate
Itself has not been used since Dec. 31,
1881, except for the detention of prisoners
awaiting trial or execution, and will short
ly be removed.
TARANTULA SHEDS ITS SKIN.
Spider Three Inches bong Takes 081
Its glimmer Clothes.
From the Country Gentleman.
An event of more than ordinary Interest
occurred In my office yerterday noon. A
large female tarantula shed Its skin for
the second time since it has been in captiv
ity.
Those famtlltr with Insects, spiders and
related creatures are aware that they are
Incased by a hard, unyielding Integument.
Increase of size Is permissible only when
the old skin la shed and one that has been
newly formed beneath expands to the
requisite degree. When a large spider
three Inches long throws off tho old Inte
gument it Is a thrilling sight.
In tho present ease the tarantula had
evidently been fee'rg unwell for somo
days, u condition frequently preceding thin
process among Insects, and yesterday
morning she was found lying on her back,
and apparently dead, but moved a littlo
ufg>n being disturbed.
She lay thus until about 12:15, when
tho rustling of h, r movements made ex
cited attention. The old skin had then
ruptured around the thorax In such a
manner ttyat the top could be removed
entire, and through this opening the giant
Bidder was literally working out of her
old skin. This wan accompanied by tho
aid of tho eight legs and the two leglike
palpi.
At the end of an hour the change had
been effected. The spider lay upon her
back beside the perfect skin, resting from
the severe exertion.
This tarantula was unusually large be
fore she moulted, and la now of'atill great
er size. She came north in u bunch of
bananas about two and a half years age*
and until last January was the pet of Dr,
J. M. Bigelow. While under liio care ono
skin was shed, and Is now In my posses
sion.
—Tho Emperor of Japan has awarded a
medal of honor to Albert Skean of Phila
delphia, for conspicuous gallantry in tho
late war between Japan and China. At
the battle of Wei-Hal-Wel he ran a small
dispatch boat between the scene of the
great naval battle and Port Arthur, report
ing the progress of the fight. In the
course of the day the crew of the dispatch
boat took part in a hand-to-hand scrim
mage with some Chinese troops on, one
of the nearby Islands, and Sk<an was con
spicuously gallant.
—Mr. and Mrs. Jean Roy of St. Joseph,
Bcaroo, Quebec, celebrated last week tha
fiftieth anniversary of their marriage, and
the event presented some extraordinary
ft attires. The bridesmaid, tho best man,
and the fiddler of tifiy years ago were
present. Put a still more extraordinary
incident was the presence also of Mr.
Hoy’s mother, now aged 98 years, who was
twice married, and now numbers 297 de
scendants.
7