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SMASHED THE TRACK RECORD.
ILDRni*S OH FAT ni \ 1% TIIK IH'L
MONT STARKS RACE.
Mihsionarj nml lY*re the
Favorite, While the W inner Wn
Second i holer —lt AVna in the
Stretch That Ildrlm (%ne in and
Won hy u Head—The Victor Wu
Wildly Cheered by the Ills Grand
Stand Crowd.
New York, May 24.—A finish that
brought the crowd to its feet shouting it
self hoarse, was seen in the Belmont
stakes at Morris Park to-lay, when in a
fierce drive after a race of a mile and
three furlongs, lougene Leigh’* Ildrlm
carried off the $15,000 first money with
3. R. and F. P. Keene’s Pefruchio in sec
ond place and A. Feotherstone’s Mission
ary third, all three heads apart, and broke
the track record.
It was get-away day at the track, and
the card was of high order. Two of the
richest stakes of the meeting wore decide
ed, the classic Belmont for three-yea**-
olds and the Eclipse for two-year-olds,
and the pick of both ages In training were
the contenders.
In the Eclipse stakes the second choice
finished first and the favorite, Bedeck,
was last. Irritable and All Green made
the running, and kept in front to the
end, although Irritable was much the bet
s*r horse, and won handily at the end,
#ll the others driving hard.
For the Belmont the Featherstone pair,
Mesmerist and Missionary, were at one to
Wr> in the lotting, with Ildrlm a good se -
cond choice and the others only nibKled at.
The start was perfect. They were strung
out on the back stretch, running the quar
ter in 25 2-6 seconds, the three furlong* In
38 seconds, and the half in 51 2-5 seconds,
not very fast time. Mesmerist was lend
ing by two lengths after the next two fur
longs the pace began to quicken, and
Mesmerist wan about ready to give up.
At the mile he was but a length the best
of it. As they were straightened out for
home everybody was driving down the big
dip to the finish.
Looked Like MlnMonary.
At the last furlong Missionary poked his
nose in lrcnt of Ildrlm, who had come with
a lush from the extreme rear with Petru
chio third It Icoktd like Missionary and
nothing e'se. But O'Connor on Missionary
faltered in his driving for an instant. In
the twinkling of an eye Ildrlm and Petru
chio pass and him with the wire but a few
Jumps away. A fierce tug at the reins, a
sharp dig a spur and Missionary
p-fmrd to take new life. The crowd yelled
itself hoarse and the three swept past the
Ju gf * he ads ap rt with the jet b ack ll
drim in frent, Petruchio second and Mis
sionary’ thirl.
Cheer upon cheer went up and the crowd
frantically waved hats and handkerchi;fs
at the victor. When the time, 2:21 Mi was
hung out, there was another cheer for
the track record been broken and un
der the conditions it was the best race at
the distance ever run in this country. The
la*t mile and a quarter was run In 2:08 1-5,
the last five fur onus In l:C3ft, and the last
half mile in oO l 4 seconds, fast time for
such a race. #
I
i \
.Summaries.
First Race—One mile, selling. Pan Rice
11 to 10. won, with Bangor, 1 to 1 and
even, second, mid Oliver Mack, 12 to 1,
third. Time 1:41V,.
Second Race—Five and one-half fur
longs, selling. Pink Domino, 4 to 1, won,
with The Amazon, 20 to 1 and 5 to 1, sec
ond, and The Corinthian, tl to 1, third
Time 1:05%.
Third Race—Eclipse, live hnd a half
furlongs Irritable, 13 to 5. won, with All
Green, 9 to 1 and 2 to 1, second, and Hand
work. 5 to 2, third. Time 1:06%.
Fourth Race—Five furlongs, selling.
Goddess of Night. 11 to 10, won, with Pel
march, 9 to 5 and 1 to .2, second, and
Writer Plant, IS to 1, third. Time 1:00%.
Fifth Race—The Belmont, one and
three-eigh<hs miles. Iklrlm, 7 to 2, won,
with Petrurhio, 23 to 1 and 7 to 1, second,
and Missionary, 1 to 2, third. Time 2(21%.
Sixth Race—One and one-eighth mile.
Hardly, 13 to 1. won, Favonius, 9 to 2 and
8 to 5, second, and Half-Time, 3 to 1,
third. Time 1:61%.
The Ciiieiniwtl Races.
Cincinnati, May 24.—Results at New
port to-day:
First Race—Four furlongs, selling. Clara
David, 5 to 2, won, with Margaret F., 10
to 1 second, and Emma C. L., 15 to 1,
third. Time 0:49%.
Second Race—Mile and n quarter. Eltho
lin. 5 io 2, won, with Vlrgie 0., even, sec
ond, and Atlantus, 4 to 1, third. Time
2:08%.
Third Race—Seven furlongs, selling.
Margaret Hagenton, 4 to 1 won, with Pi-
Grange. 2 to 1. second, and Flop, 9 lo 5,
third. Time 1:27%.
Fourth Race—Six furlongs, handicap.
Georgia, 3 to 5, won. with Star of Reihle
hem. 9 to 2. second, and Koenig, third.
Time 1:14.
Fifth Race—Four furlongs, selling.
Queen Ditxe, 7 to 10, won. with Virginia
T . 5 to 2. second, and Grace R., 4 to 1
third. Time o:49'i.
Sixth Race—Mile and a sixteenth. Peter
Duryoa, 7 to 1, won. with Belle of Or
leans, 8 to 5. second, and Dramburg, 3
to 2. third. Time 1:48%.
It EXULTS ON THE DIAMOND.
Pittsburg; Heat Brooklyn In n Highly
Exciting Game.
Pittsburg, May 24.—Pittsburg won and
split even with Brooklyn in one of me
most exciting finishes ever seen here. Up
to the ninth inning, only two of the
1 orne players had leached second base.
Then with five hits, two of them doubles,
the score was tied. The rooters were sim
ply wild. In the tenth O’Brien, Williams
and Wagner each made hits, winning the
game. Attendance 2,900, Score: It. H E
Pittsburg .0 0000 0 004 I—s 12 2
Brooklyn .0 01030000 o—4 9 1
Batteries— Phllltppi and Zimmer; Ken
nedy and Farrell.
Boston Won It Finally.
Cincinnati, May 24.- Bosion hunched
their hits off Hahn to-day and wan with
ease. Willis, while he seemed to have a
lame arm. was effective throughout. Gri
ers’ fielding ami Corcoran’s hitting ware
the features. Attendance 600. s,oie:
- R.H.E.
Cincinnati ....0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0-2 6 2
Boston 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3—7 10 l
Batteries—Hahn and Woods; Willis and
Clark.
St. Louis HR Philadelphia 5,
St. Louis, May 24.—St. Pouis slaughtered
Maul's curves to-do.v. Powell was in good
form In all except the fifth inning. At
tendance, 5,400. Score: R.H.E.
St. Louis ...,1 3 0 2 0 1 0 2 I—lo 17 2
Philadelphia .0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0— 5 10 3
Batlerlcs—Powell end Crlger; Maul and
McFarland.
Game* Elsewhere.
Detroit, 9; Milwaukee, 2.
Cleveland. 3; Chicago, 8.
Toronto, 0; Worcester, 2.
Montreal. 14; Hartford. 13.,
Toronto, 6; Worcester, 3—two games
Montreal, 6; Hartford, 1-two games.
Indianapolis. 2; Minneapolis, 6,
Buffalo, 9; Kansas City, 6
Syracuse, 3; Springfield, 3.
Rochester, 3; Providence, 1%
WEDDING ,T HINESVILLE.
Farewell to Old Trinity Church.
Confedernte Delegates.
Waycross, Go., May 24.—Dr. C. S.
Hendry and Miss Srella Brewer of Haines
ville will be married at thfe Methodist
Church in that town next Wednesday.
May 30 a* 8 p. m. The bride-to-be is a
daughter of Sheriff Brewer, who v/as
killed last fall. She is n highly esteemed
young lady. Dr. Hendry ia well and fa
vorably known in this section.
A large delegation of Confederate Vet
erans from South Georgia Camp will
leave Waycross next Monday night at 0:40
o’clock for Louisville to participate in the
reunion. They will be accompanied by a
number of friends who have made their
appearance on the stage since the war.
Farewell servic- s were held in old Trin
ity Church last right, and a large < on
grega’lon was in attendance The service*
were con lucttd by Uncle Thomas now in
his ninety-first year, .and probably the old
est minister in Georgia. He entered the
ministry In 1818 and since that time has
not missed a meeting of tho annual con
ference. The meeting was a regular ex
perience love feast, participated in by
members of nearly every denomination in
the city, all of whom were converted in
the old church, Trinity Is the oldest
church in Wavcrcss, and many notable
gatherings have been htld within its
m alls. It was built In 1872, and for a num
ber of years was used as an union meet
ing house, where people of all creeds
could meet and worship God.
At the regular monthly entertainment
given iatd night by the Waycross Rifles
Corpl. Baxley won the medal for the best
drilled man in the company for the third
lime, and the other boys are beginning to
think him invincible.
The committee appointed by the Way
cross Fair Association to raise funds for
the fair this fall, have disposed of about
SSOO worth of stock, which insures the
fourth annual fair. The directors will call
a meeting In a few days to complete ar
range men Is. Turner Hughes, who is now
at Ixmfsvllle, Ky., with a stable of Way
cross horses, will advertise the fair all
over the Northern circuit, and is confi
dent of securing some of the finest horses
in America. A large number of new and
novel attractions will also be secured, and
as all gambling devices will be ruled oft,
it is safe to say that tho fair this year
will bo the best ever given in South Geor
gia.
Hon. Bern Johnson brought In Thursday
afternoon samples of well developed
wheat, grown in his oat field. It is fully
matured, free from smut, and the samples
show conclusively that wheat con be
grown in Ware county, whether profitably
or not remains to be seen from actual
experience. Capt. Johnson will sow a
field of several acres next fall, as a fur
ther experiment.
ODD FOLLOWS ENTERTAINED.
V llehekuh Podge Organized and
Officers Elected.
Waycrosa, Ga„ May 24.—This has been
a great week for Wayeoss Odd Fellows,
and If the visitors have not enjoyed thenw
selves, it is not because the Magic City
failed to make the effort lo please them.
Yesterday afternoon the ladles were ten
dered a reception, and last night Esther
Podge No. 6, Degree of Rebekah, was in
stituted. The new lodge has a charter
membership of tVenty-two. Mrs. J. E.
Cumbea, past noble grand of Ruth Lodge
No. 3, Savannah, presided In the Installa
tion ceremonies.
The following officers were elected: Mrs.
John W. Bennett, noble grand; Mrs. J. C.
Rlppard. vice grand; Mrs. U. F. Dixon,
secretary; Mrs. W. F. Eaton, treasurer;
Mrs. ,1. B. Nunez, warden; Mrs. C. E,
Groom, conductor; Mrs. John W. McGee,
R. S. N. G.; Miss Carrie Krdy, chaplain;
Mrs. J. W. 9. Hardy, inside guard; Mrs. J.
W. McGee, outside guard.
This morning was devoted to regular
work by the Grand Dodge. At 1:80 p. m.
a special train carried the Odd Fellows
and their friends to "Watertown,
five miles out on the Air Pine Railroad,
where a delightful picnic and fish-fry was
enjoyed: Wallertown is located on the
banks of the Satllla river, where there is
excellent fishing. At 5 o'clock In the after
noon the party returned to Waycross,
well pleased with the day's ouiing.
The Odd Fellows enjoyed themselves In
divers ways last night. Some attending
services at TrinKy M. E. Church, others
participated in the Installation of the
ladles' lodge, and still others took in the
entertainment given by he Waycross
Rifles at their armory.
Tallahassee News Notes.
Tallahassee, Fla . May 24.—After n two
day' session the United States Court ad
journed ot> Wednesday, to meet on Nov.
20; not a single indictment was reported
by the grand Jury during the term.
The Opera House was packed Wednes
day night to witness the graduating ex
ercises of the normal class from the State
Normal and Industrial College. The total
number graduating was thirteen, six in the
normal and seven In the industrial de
partment.
James J. Dogan of Chattanooga, general
manager for the company, which recently
purchased here a site for a cotton se?d
oil mill, is in the city arranging for the
construction of the necessary buildings.
John McGriiT has been appointed freight
agent for the Florida Central and Penin
sular system here. R. O. Curry, former
ly agent here, has been transfered to
River Junction.
E. R. Hallonoy, chief engineer of the
Georgia Fine Railroad, is in the city, hav
ing completed a i-econnaissance of the
country between Bainbridge and Talla
hassee, with a view to placing a survey
ing party on the line.
H. R. Brown, George Kctchum and H.
Stern of Macon, Ga.. who are connected
with the Georgia and Gulf Railroad, anew
line contemplated from Anderson. S. C.,
to Carrabelle, on the Gulf, made their
second trip to this section during the week
in the interest of their enierprise. It Is
said that they have invested $1,600,000 in
this section.
Liverpool Cotton Statistics.
Dlverpool, May 28. —Weekly cotton sta
tistics: Total sales of all kinds. 34,000;
sales, American 31.000. English spinners
takings 45.000. Total exports, 4,100. Imports,
all kinds, 2100; Import, American, IC.OOO.
Stock, all kinds, 599.0i0; stock, American.
491.C00. Quantity alloat, all kinds. 46,0 0;
afloat. American 36 000. Total rales on
speculation 200. Sales exports 400.
—William J. Bryan, Congressman Wil
liams of Illinois, and Richard Yates, who
has just been nominated for Governor by
the lllln Is Re üblcina. were all In the
time rlass In the old Illinois College.
“Good Digestion
watts on appetite.” Pack of nppetlte
usually Indicates weak indigestion. Hos
tetler's Stomach Bitters taken before
meals will create a healthy desire for
food, by cleansing the clogged bowels nnd
stimulating the secretions of the stomach.
It also purifies the blood, strengthens nnd
Invigorates the liver and kidneys. It is
undoubtedly the most efficient medicine In
the world for stomach troubles. A Private
Revenue Stamp covers the neck of the
bottle.
Accept no lIOSTETTER’S
Substitutes if STOMACH
You Value health 151TTERS
THE MORNING NEWS: FRIDAY, MAY 25, 1900.
I • ur f
covered with pimples? Your skin
rough and blotchy? It’s your liver!
Ayer’s Pills are liver pills. They
cure constipation, biliousness, and
dyspepsia. 25c. All druggists*
Want your moustache or beurd a beautiful
brown or rich black 7 Then use
BUCKINGHAM’S DYEtfUi^r,
AIHOCHS AXD BISON.
Strange Enropeitn Cattle, Now Virtu
ally Extinct.
From the London Standard.
Dr. Nehrlng’s recent description of a
horn of the aurochs, or urus, discovered
in a Pomeranian peat bog, has again at
tracted attention to a form of big game
which, since history began, has disap
peared befeye the hunter. Popular report
often confuses two species of wild cattle,
the one called in science Bcs primigenius,
anti the other the European bison. Their
remains are found under similar circum
stances in caverns and various superficial
and posits, the bison also occurring in the
forest bed of Norfolk, and having, there
fore, reached this fart of Europe before
the so-called glacial epoch began. But
while the aurochs is extinct the bison sur
vives, leading a protected existence in
certain forests of Lithuania, but being
really wild In the Caucasus. Once, how
ever, It roamed over Europe, and in Asia
extended as far as Siberia, w’hile its bones
have been found in the frozen soil of
Escholtz Bay, in A'aaka.
The*se animals were not uncommon in
Central Europe In the sixteenth century,
and about that time were regarded as
royal game in Poland, not less than sixty
being killed in one great hunt so late as
1732. Even then, however, they appear
to have been restricted to Lithuania,
where, as we have said, they still sur
vive, though in greatly diminished num
bers. Bison Bonassus or Europeans bears
a general resemblance to, but is specifl
ca ly different fr m, his American cousin,
named after that continent, which also
has almost disappeared from the earth
during the last fifty or sixty years. The
American beast wandered over thp prai
ries. w’hile the European species is a lover
of the forest. But the aurochs, or urus,
was a very different creature, and must
have been not very xinlike one of the long
homed oxen which may b" se°n to-day
In the lowlands cf Italy. It was a large
and formidable beast, its horns had a
slight double curvature, and attained to
a great length, for skulls have been found
In which the bony cores measure forty
two inches from tip to tip. That, as Mr.
Lydekker states in the pages of “The
Royal Natural History,” would mean that
the points of the sheaths, the horns
proper, must have been rather over four
feet apart, and a greater length than this
was sometimes attained. They appear to
have been occasionally used as drinking
cups, and such a “horn of ale“ would
not be quickly drained.
The aurochs Is related to certain Asiatic
forms of oxen, and makes Its appearance
in Europe, If not at the same epoch, only
a little later than the bison, but was tiot
less widely spread, for It wandered as far
north as Scandinavia and Russia, and
southward to Italy, Greece and even Al
geria. It has been found in Palestine,
where some writers have Identified it with
the reem or unicorn of the Authorized
Version; but how r far eastward it extend
ed has not yet been ascertained. Its re
mains. especially In caves, are associated
with the wind horse, the brown and the
grizzly bears, the lion, tho spotted hyena,
two species both of rhinoceros and of ele
phant, and’ a number of other animals,
some still living In Europe. Such as were
good for food man hunted; such as were
eaters of flesh, perhaps, sometimes hunted
him. A savage armed with nothing bet
ter than rudely chipped spearheads must
have often fared badly when the lion was
roaring after his prey, and at first the
struggle for existence between man and
the wild beasts must have been protracted
and severe. But that he dould slay the
aurochs we learn from lemains found at
Baugerie-Basee. These cave men of Cen
tral France, though they were not so far
advanced In mechanical arts as to smooth
their weapons of stone, could carve bones
or antlers Into shapes of animals, or In
cise on them outline sketches, rude, but
fairly accurate. One such shows an au
rochs quietly feeding, while a hunter, who
has crept up behind him, is Just throwing
his spear. The form of the horns identi
fies tho animal, but that the bison was
also known is proved by an equally char
acteristic* sketch of two heads on a sec
ond carving. On the other side of it a
hunter is attacking a wild horse.
Some of the big game which these early
races of men hunted apparently vanished
from Europe almost simultaneously with
them, for what was their fate and where
on earth they are now represented, un
less by the Esquimaux, we cannot tell.
The next race, at any rale, neolithic folk,
as they are now called, whose weapons
and tools, made after more elaborate pat
terns, are often polished, seem to have
come as eonquerers. Perhaps the new
comers foresaw that the aborigines might
give rise to Inconvenient racial questions,
so, as Tacitus says, "they made a soli
tude, and called it pence." But with the
older race several of the larger wild ani
mals disappeared, at any rate from the
British Isles If not from Northwestern
Europe—the mammoth and the woolly
rhinoceros, the hlppopotamous, the sabre
toothed tiger, which had already become
extremely rare If not extinct; perhaps,
also, the lion and hyena.
They may have disappeared from our
islands because a general sinking of the
land replaced many broad, grassy or tree
elad plains with shallow seas, and com
pleted the severance of Britain from the
Continent. This change and the incoming
of a better armed and more cunning race
of hunters may have turned the scale
distinctly In man’s favor. Still, some big
game remained, for the Britain of that
age was very different from that which
we inhabit. No towns, only scattered vil
lages; large districts of forest and marsh
land, such ns were rhe backwoods of
Canada, and still are some parts of Cen
tral Africa. Here wild animals found
ample protection, and hnd no more to
dread from man than from the wolf or
the lynx. So the reindeer remained, at
any rate In the north: perhups, also, the
so-called Irish elk, together with the
bison and the aurochs. Some thirty years
ago a skull of the latter was dug out of
a Cambridgeshire fen. and in It a stone
axe was found embedded In the forehead.
It was broken oft shorl, apparently
snapped by striking against the bony
orbit of the eye, as If the animal had
been struck by a blow delivered from one
side.
—The Csar of Ruela proposes to com
memorate the completion of the Siberian
Railway by erecting at Nlcbolat, the
starting point of the road, a statue of
Czar Alexander 111, under whom the work
was begun. Prince, Troubetzkcl ia to be
the sculptor.
THE GREATEST OF BATTLES.
WHEN TARTAR DO TtRK RET ON
THE PLAIN'S OF ANGORA.
More Than Two Million, of Men In
Rattle Array —An Army of Ele
phant* at the Front—Taetle* of
Five HnnHred Vear* Alto—The
Strife of Two Old-Time War Lord*
for the Dominion of the Continent
of A*ia.
From the Boston Daily Globe.
The vast table lands of Asia Minor are
renowned in the annuals of warfare as
the scene of the most stupendous battle,
in point of numbers engaged, of which
there is authentic record. This battle,
which took place July 29, 1402, was fought
between the Sultan Bajazet and the Mo
gul Emperor Tlmour. In this conflict
over 2,000,000 men were engaged, and the
result of it was the collapse of the Otto
man Empire and the conquest of all Asia
by the descendant of Genghis Khan.
In point of numbers, the only conquests
of modern times which compare with that
of Angora are the battle of Lelpßic, which
took place in 1813, and the battle of Sa
dowa, fought in 1806. In the first of these
the French, under Napoleon, numbered
about 200,000 men, and the Russians, Prus
sians and Austrians and Swedes about
400,000. In the last instance the Austrian
army of about 175,000 men was over
whelmed by about 250,000 Prussians.
The battle of Angora was the culmi
nation of two years of acrimonious nego
tiation between a Turk and a Tartar,
both of whom aspired to the dominion of
Asia. Bajazet was of the blood royal and
born in the purple, as the saying goes. He
succeeded his father, the Sultan Amurath
I, who whs killed in the hour of vic
tory in the battle of Kosovo against the
Russians in 1389. Bajazet, upon his ac
cession to the throne displayed high mili
tary intelligence, and his character was
marked by love of military glory, un
bounded ambition and indefatigable
physical and mental energy, so much so
that he was called in the Turkish tongue
‘Tlderim,” which means “The Light
ning.” Bajazet, during the ten years of
his reign, subdued all Asia Minor, be
sieged Constantinople, and routed a great
army jrnt into the field by the leading
European states. He had overrun south
eastern Europe to the very gates of Vien
na, when he was called to Asia to check
the devastating advances of Timoup.
Tlmour, who in the annals of warfare
holds rank among the very best of the
captains of the second class, was. hy his
mother, of the ro>al house of the Tartars.
Like Bajazet. he displayed as a meTe
youth marked military ability and insa
tiable desire for achieving renown in war.
From an humble beginning, in which his
army consisted of seven male relatives, he
successfully -achieved the dominion first
of his own tribe, next of his country, lat
er of ail Asia and finally of that part of
Russia in Europe as far west as Moscow
and to the mouth of the Don river.
Thus were the boundaries of the Turk
ish and the Mogul empires brought into
touch. A col is ion obviously could; not
be averted; it was certain that sooner or
later the two great military spirits of the
age must contend with each other for the
mastery. The event, however, did not take
place before passing through several pre
paratory stages.
On the part of Timour the war was one
of invasion; it was the policy of Bajazet
to receive battle in the midst of his own
country and of almost unlimited resources.
In order to terrorize the vassal states of
Asia, to break the strength of any possi
ble rebellion and to insure prompt obe
dience to His Commands from a distance,
Timour marched Into India, attacked and
took Delhi, and massacred 100.000 captives.
After his fearful object lesson on the fol
ly of opposing the dictates of the Great
Mogul, the Tartar army took up Us
march from the banks of the Ganges and
advanced into Syria. As this mighty host
moved across the surface of Asia deeds
were done the magnitude of which it is
difficult to realize. In the hyperbole of tho
Persian historians it is stated that the
Inhabitants vainly endeavored to find the
countries over which the Tartars had
passed.
One event Is especially notable, and
that Is the march around the Caspian
sea by Timour’s vangaurd, consisting ef
200.000 light cavalry. The inaccessible
mountains, which surrounded this body
of water seemingly bid defiance to the
march of an army, and particularly to
horsemen, yet it is a fact recorded by au
thority which is of the best that the
horsemen of Timour penetrated the de
files, thoroughly explored the mountains
and made a complete circuit of the Cas
pian s a.
Timour now overran Syria and stormed
the city of Bagdad, where he built a pyra
mid in the market place formed of 90,000
human skulla. It was now that Timour
received the first embassy of Bajazet.
These epistles are In striking contrast to
the diplomatic effusions of our time. The
two great soldiers wrote to each other in
the first person. There was no dissim
ulation, each of them called a spade a
spade. Bajazet and Timour alike were
entirely ignorant that they had an equal
in understanding of military art and sci
ence, and each was impatient of what he
deemed inexplicable insolence and folly on
the parUof the other. Timour on his part
informed Bajazet that the latter's obedi
ence to the precepts of the Koran in
waging war against the Christians was
the only consideration that prevented the
Tartars from lifting tho Turkish Empire
in their hands and throwing it Into space.
In order to impress upon Bajazet his in
significance as compared with the Great
Mogul, he was further informed that he
was merely a little black ant which the
elephant (Timour) was about to trample
under his feet.
The Turkish Emperor upon the receipt
of this epistle proceeded to decapitate with
his own hand the bearer of the message,
and to spend some hours In foaming at the
mouth nnd tearing out his whiskers by
hand. Some hours laier, when he had re
gained speech, Bajazet Indited a reply. In
his letter the Turk could find no more
favorable light In which to regard the
Tartar thap as the father of thieves and
of liars. After calling to the mind of Ti
mour certain fadts of dispute between
them and assuring him of his Intention to
sustain his rights by force of arms, the
ungovernable rage of the Sultan invited
an encounter in the field with the whole
of their respective armies.
Timour's reply to this letter was to dig
a vast pit and to bury 4.000 Turkish pris
oner alive. Then giving orders for the
concentration of his armies on the banks
of the Araxes, he proclaimed Ills resolu
tion of marching against the Turkish Sul
tan and of destroying the Ottoman Em
pire.
Both Bajazet and Timour alike were
equally sensible lo the terrific military
force possessed by each other. Each made
the most elaborate preparations to insure
success. Months were spent in these pre
parations, and singularly enough a year
asst
ntKiwi rpwnEß,
Dire Cx-emn Tartar 44c lb.
and eleven days passer) by from the time
of their mutual personal defiance until
their armies met in actual combat.
The armies which met in battle array
on the plains of Angora at sunrise of the
morning of July 20, 1402, are variously es
timated. The number of men present in
any battle always is more or less a matter
of doubt, and never is more than an ap
proximation. In regard to the forde under
Tlmour, there is a practical unanimity
of sentiment among the various contem
porary historians and his army ia reckon
ed at from 800.000 to 1,600.000. On the other
hand there is a great discrepancy in the
estimates made of the Turkish troops, the
lowest being 409,000 and the highest 14,000,-
OfcO. From what appears to*be the best
authority, it would seem that the Turkish
army was about 90*1.000 strong, and that
Tlmour opposed it with a force of about
1,200,000.
The marching of the Tartar host to the
field cf battle was from tile river Aiaxes,
through the countries of Armenia and
Anatolia. This forward movement on the
part of Tlmour precipitated a condition
whereby the fate of the two empires nec
essarily must be determined by a pitched
battle in the open country. This of
course, was to the advantage of him who
could bring the largest force into action;
for it must be remembered that the troops
confronting each other were not com
posed of the degenerate peoples of South
ern Europe and of Southern Asia, but
were made up of the best fighting blood
of Northern Asia and of Eastern Europe,
and of men who had been trained in arms
from jnfancy.
Jt does not appear that Bajazet was able
to devise any plan to prevent Tlmour from
taking up this position in the open plain
with the Tartar army. In consequence
the Great AMogul turned* the intrenched
camp of tne Turkish host, and moving
by the left occupied Caesarea, crossed the
Salt desert and the river Helas and in
vesied tho city of Angora.
By this march of something like 160
miles, made with groat swiftness and
with the utmost order and covered by
great cloudy of light cavalry, Tlmour es
tablished himself in the very heart of the
Ottoman Empire, and upon ground whose
topography assured the full employment
of his resources should the Turkish Em
peror engage in battle.
Even while the Tartar army was in pro
cess of executing this great flank move
ment, Bajazet with equal swiftness at
tempted the correct counterstroke by
marching against Us communications and
trying to attack it in flank and rear. But
the military genlug of Timour had fore
seen. and provided against such resource
on the part of the Turks. Abandoning his
original line of communications, he es
tablished his army upon the city of An
gora, proposing to capture the place and
avail of it as a temporary point d'appui.
Bajazet readily discerned this phase of
the Tartar's plan, and it appears that he
Joyously accepted the alternative thus
presented to him of attacking the Tartar
host in open field.
The bottle of the plains of Angora is
most Instructive and it is peculiarly in
teresting as an exposition of the tactics,
of the age in which It was fought.
Bajazet, with the full power of the Ot
toman Empire, advanced to the attack
with the rising of the sun,. His army
was mode up of troops of many provinces,
both in Europe and Asia. The most no
table of his forces were 40,000 Janizaries.
These troops corresponded to the im
perial guards of European states, and in
fact constituted the choicest reserve of
the Turkish army. Next to these Bajazet
valued a body composed of 20,000 Euro
peans clad in complete armor. Then came
100,060 Mamelukes or light Egyptian cav
alry, whose fame for skill and courage
was a household word throughout both
Europe and Asia. In addition to these were
mounted men by the hundreds of thou
sands, all men of valor and of years of
experience.
It does not appear that by Bajazet’s in
itial movement in attack is disclosed the
plan of battle which he undoubtedly es
sayed to, put into execution. It is not t
be doubted that ihe Turkish Emperor gave
the scientific direction to his troops, and
it Is to be regretted that writers of the
history of those days were less skilled in
warfare than in letters.
It is impossible to discern from the
vague and rhetorical descriptions of con
temporary writers the initial movement of
the Turkish army. This description exists
undoubtedly in the still untranslated por
tion of Timour’s own commentaries, but
at present it is inaccessible to those who
cannot read the ancient Arabic.
The second movement of the battle is
clearer, and frem that time out the grand
tactics of this stupendous contest are
readily followed. There is no doubt that
for his victory the Mogul conqueror was
indebted first, to his own vast military
genius, and, secondly, to a despotic dis
cipline of thirty years, which had trans
formed his rank and file into automatons.
Timour took up a position with his
army on the defensive and awaited the
attack of the Turks. His central columns
which constituted his main body, were
posted in frttlit bf the city of Angora. The
city itself was closely invested by a large
detached corps in order to prevent the
garrison from taking any part in the com
ing conflict. The two wings of his army
extended diagonally forward from the
central columns, making two vast re-en
tering angles and constituting three con
tiguous sides of a great octagon.
On each flang of his army Timour post
ed enormous masses of light cavalry,
probably amounting to several hundred
thousand troops, and the whole of the
main line was supported in rear at regu
lar intervals by dense ma<s s of the choic
est Tartar troops, selected for long exper
ience and exact discipline. On the front
of his line Timour displayed some 600
elephants. PTpon the backs of these for
midable creatures were great towers oc
cupied by furnaces of Greek fire His
lines were still further strengthened by
scores of cannon made in the gunshops of
Europe.
In front of the Tartar line of battle and
on the flanks of the advancing Turkish
host skirmished thousands of Asiatic
horsemen, who wielded with astonishing
skill all kinds of missile weapons, Jave
lins, slings and arrows, and advanced/re
treated and manoeuvred in rapid evolu
tions which make such battles a study
and admiration of the student of caval
ry tactics.
Whether 14 was the cannon or the Greek
fire or the elephants or all combined, or
the superior numbers of the Tartar
troops, it Is Impossible to say, hut for
some reason the critical attack of the
Turkish army appeals to have been re
pelled by the Tartars without difficulty.
About 10 o’clock *ln the forenoon, it
seemed that the Mogul army had itself
assumed the tactical offensive, and with
superior forces, superior discipline and
superior generalship was slowly but sure
ly overwhelming the Ottomans. The
strength of the Tartar host consisted in
the skill with which Timour had com
bined the use of missile weapons with the
evolutions of light cavalry. By this method
the tactics were the same, both for the
army as a whole and for each division of
\he army.
The front rank of each division, and
cdnsequently the front rank of the whole
army, deployed and advanced in open
skirmish order to the attack, supported,
njnk after rank, by other troops advanc
ing In solid masses and then deploying
InVopen order. In consequence of this
the\| always prevailed one general attack
maeftby the entire army as n unit, com
bintokvith numerous minor attacks made
by eti division of the army.
EaciWtif these attacks were directed by
one of jfclmour’s lieutenants; the general
battle s directed by Timour In person.
The ef object in all these evolutions
was tow*tik the enemy’s linn nnd through
the garßthua created to attack in flank
by an Jsilque movement that part of the
enemy ! troops who nt the same time
were edsaged in front. The chief tactical
ARE TAKINC UP,
CLEANINC AND STORINc
Carpets, Rugs and Draperies,
All work done by experts.
Awnings, Porch Curtains,
Hammocks, Dixie Nets and Frames,
SEE AD. IN PRESS. —
evolution was to turn one flank after an
other of the hostile divisions without
disuniting 4he turning forces from the
main body of Tartars.
The second movement of the battle of
Angora consisted of the method of attack
thus described. So successfully were all
these matters of detail executed that
about noon Timour retired to a superb
pavilion erected for him in the rear of
his army and sought to while aw r ay the
hours which must elapse before his vic
tory was complete in playing at chess
with his nobles.
Devotees of the royal game may be in
terested to know that the ordinary game
of chess was not considered hy Timour
worthy of his gigantic intellect. In con
sequence, he himself, enlarged the scope
and difficulties of chess hy constructing
a hoard of 144 squares and by augmenting
the chessmen to forty-eight pieces. This
new form, of the game, in order to distin
guish it from that ordinarily played.
Timour designated os “Great Chess,” and
it was with this game that he amused
himself for several- hours, while his lieu
tenants were conducting the Tartar army
to victory.
All through the day of Angora it seems
clear that the Turkish Emperor Bajazet
displayed the qualities of a soldier nr.d
a great captain. His defeat seems to have
been due to the fact that his army, as
an army, was not competent to contend
with the Tartar troops.
His initial plan of attack, and there is
no doubt that he had a plan of this kind,
seems to have been so badly executed
that no impression is left as to what
was his original idea for attacking the
position of Timour. It further seems that
so futile were the efforts of his troops
that the Tartars had little difficulty, not
only in repelling the assault of the Turks,
hut also themselves assumed with ease
a systematic and decisive attack. Before
this attack it appears that the Turkish
rank and file showed symptoms of that
demoralization consequent upon the as
sembling together of large masses of Im
properly disciplined troops. There is no
reason to doubt the loyalty of the Turk
ish troops or of the Turkish command
ers. although treason is insinuated on
their port by many historians, who pre
fer to defame the Turk rather than to
give glory to the military talents and the
military system of an Asiatic barbarian.
It is quite cleer that Tlmour's choice of
position in the open field, supplemented by
the skill of his officers and the discipline
and valor of his troops, was a proposition
which the army of Bajazet was not Justi
fied in attempting. It would seem that
the grand mistake made by Bajazet and
the mistake which caused the loss of the
battle was his attempt to combat in the
open field against an army superior to
his own In number, valor and skill.
In the early afternoon the victory prac
tically was decided. The Turkish line of
battle w r as broken in many places and the
Turkish troops attacked in front and as
sailed obliquely in flank were greatly de
moralized. As is common in such im
mense masses this demoralization spread
rapidly. As the result of this the Turkish
chiefs began to forsake the royal standard
and to retire from the field in all direc
tions. Bajazet’s own son Soliman, heir to
the throne, partook of the common panic
and fled from the field, followed hy his
troops. A large body of Tartars, who
years before were oppressed by Timour,
and had taken refuge with the Ottomans,
passed over to the Tartar lines and sub
mitted to the great Mogul. Finally the
rout of the, Turkish army became indis
crlbable, and the victorious Tartars pur
sued until the going <k>wn of the sun
vast hordes of fleeing men intent only on
escaping their enemies.
By nightfall all that remained on tho
field of Bajazet's army save the dead and
wounded were the janizaries and the cui
rassiers of Europe. The latter were irre
sistible to anything like equal forces, but,
surrounded by dense masses of light cav
alry, which assailed them on all sides
with missile weapons, their horses tell
by scores, and it is related that not one
of them escaped alive.
The Janizaries, left alone and encircled
by countless thousands of Tartars, en
deavored to escort Bajazet from the field
In safety by fighting their way through
the Tartar hordes. This was found im
possible, and os darkness fell Bajazet,
with e little party, mounted upon tha
fleetest Ambit) horses, departed from the
great square and endeavored to escape
by flight. Upon this the Tartar light
cavalry spod away in pursuit, leaving tho
Janizaries to be destroyed by the cannon
and elephants and Greek fire.
Bajazet’s capture was as ignominious as
was his flight. His choice Arabian barbs
were speedily overtaken by the Tartars,
and he was brought back in chains by the
Khan of Zagatai, and thrown bodily at
the feet of Timour.
An example of quick movements hy the
victorious commander is the march of
Sultan Mirza, the favorite grandson of
Timour, who started for the city of Bour
za with 30,000 cavalry. He arrived and
took possession of the Ottoman capital
with 4,000 horse after performing in five
days a march of 230 miles. Fear had sup
plied the son of Bajazet with equal en
ergy. and Soliman, after fleeing from the
battlefield, escaped to Europe with the
royal treasure. The inhabitants of Bour
za had fled, and the city, for the most
part of wood, avas reduced to ashes.
Modern historians affect to smile at
what they call the popular credulity, and
to treat as a fable ihe story that Timour
carried Bajazet until his death about in
an iron cage, from -which he took him
only to use his neck as it step from which
to mount hts horse. That such Is the fact
is asserted hy contemporary historians.
IJ. C. V. REUNION, LOUISVILLE, KY.
May 30-Jnnr il—Very Low Kates Via
Southern Railway.
For the above occasion the Southern
Ballway offers very low rates, and the
best time and best service to Louisville.
Tickets will te told <n May 27, 28. 29, lim
ited for return until June 10. Tho tickets
may be extendod fifteen days (beyond
June 10). Round trip rate from Savannhh
!?',?°o,w. 0r f *ii l h ar, tculars apply to Ran
dall Clllton. D. P. A., James Freeman, C
P. A., 11l Bull street, Savannah, Ga.—ad.
Cl?pp,
We have a nice line of cider In bottles
pure and genuine, from the celebrated
establishment of Mott & Cos., of New
The Russet Cider and the Crab Apple
Cider are very good. Bippman Bros., cor
ner ..ongress and Barnard streets. Sa
vannah, Ga.—ad ’
FRENCH RAILWAY DEFICIENT JfS,
Attempt* Made to Reform a Defect,
ive System.
Parts Correspondence Pall Mall Gazette
For two very different reasons sr,e-(a|
attention Is directed just now to all hg
concerns the French railways. In ihe Sr*
place, their carrying capacity is likely „
be taxed to the utmost by the Immense in.
flux of visitors expected in connection win*
the exhibition. In the second place, aB
ugly sucteselon of accidents ar.d a grow,
ing outcry against the minor misformnt*
to which the traveling public is exp sej
have brought to the front the manlfoH Im
perfections of French railway nrnna.
ments.
M. Baudin. the present Minister of }*;&.
lie Worjts, is doing his best to reform *
system, which is defective in almost every
respect. Some months ago he fulminate,
against the amazing unpunciu.illty ,**,
prevails on almost ail the lines, and ha,
much to do with more than one of the a*,
cent catastrophes. Not the slightest
has been paid to his objurgation**, mu
is said to contemplate a system of fine* for
all delay exceeding a quarter of an hoar-,
excusez du peul—which may perhaps s lm
ulate the companies to make an effort t*
improve their execrable service. Poser,
announcing another reform some of ih
companies will find it more difficult to
evade have just made their appearance ia
all the railway stations. The hours of
work of all the various railway servant,
are shamefully and dangerously long.
Whenever an inquiry is made into th,
causes of an Occident some pointsman a
found to have been on duty for a fabu on,
number of hours in succession, or it Is dis
covered that a driver has teen kept on his
engine until he fell asleep where he stood,
This sort of thing is to be put a stop to.
Henceforth, a hundred working hours i,
ten days is to be the maximum exacted o|
any employe, and no consecutive stretch
of more than twelve hours is to be lolera.
ted. This important reform will come it*
to operation all over France in the courts
of the next two months, and besides b ins
an immense boon to the railway seivants
should he productive of beneficial results ti
the public.
The utter inadequacy of the rolling
stock of all the companies—it is true, that
some of the companies are worse oil than
others in this respect—is another matief
M. Baudin has in hand, though in this
case he will have greater difficulty in ef
fecting speedy reforms, since carriage,
and engines cannot be brought into bring
in the twinkling of an eye, and merely in
virtue of the signing of a decree. Even
when the traffic is normal, the majority
of the companies have a difficulty In'deal*
ing with it. It is a common experience fot
the hapless traveler to find himself in an
antiquated carriage that ought long since
to have £>een broken up for fire word, whili
the ages of the engines on the French line,
establishes a remarkable and quite un
called for record. For years past the com
panies have assured the ministers of pub*
lie works that they were awaiting the ex*
hibition to renew and augment their roll
ing stork. They have waited so long tha,
it is now an open secret that even the in
adequate orders they hove given for new
carriages and engines will not be exe tiled
in time for the year's requirements. As il
is hoped in official circles that the exhibi
tion will be visited by some twenty mil
lions of foreigners ajone, there is a chanca
that some of them, if they ever reach
Parts at all, will do so in cattle trucks.
Only Sleeping: <*nr Pine 4o Mouk
goinery.
Double daily service between Montgom
ery and Savannah, via the Plant System!
only line running through sleepers, Sa
vannah to Montgomery.—ad.
Less Tlinn Three Honrs Between ti
vnnnnli nml Brunswick. Via Plant
System nml Southern Hallway.
Train, S. R., 85, leaving Savannah, v!<
the Plant System, at 5:20 a. m., make*
direct connection at Jesup with th*
Southern Railway for Brunswick; arrivt
Brunswick at 8:05 a. m.; leave Brunawidl
9:20 a. m., arriving Savannah 12:12 p. a-
For further Information, ’phone 73.—aJ.
Doable Daily Service to Mon Igomefjj
nnd the West,
Via the Plant System; only line runninl
direct sleepers between Savannah ans
Montgomery.—ad.
French Clnret Wine* nnd Gerrnal
Rhine nnd Moselle Wines.
The fine French wines in bottles are Inr
ported direct from the well known ho'ik
of Everest, Dupont & Cos., Bordeaux
Fiance, by Bippman Bros, of this city-
Dippman Bros, desire to call attention 14
the St. Julien brand of claret wine, whicll
Is very fine, but quite low-priced.
Their Chautcau Leoviile is known as on*
of the finest claret wines Imported to iIM
United States.
Bippman Bros.’ importations of Rhlni
wines are certainly worth the attention
of connoisseurs. They are from the cele
brated wine grower Martin Deutz o$
Fronkfort-on-tha-Main, Germany.
His Bodenheim Rhine wine is very nlc
and delicious, but low price.
His Marcobrunner Cabinet, from seleeM
ed grapes, is well worth the attention ol
the finest Judges of Rhine wine In the clty
His Yohanntsburger Cabinet Is very deli
cate and rare, and is perfection of W‘ n 6
and the finest of all.—ad.
A Delicious Smoke.
The Herbert Spencer Is on elegant oiea<
and Is truly a delightful enjoyment ta
Inhale the fume* of this fine tobacco; II
Is exhilarating and delicious.
Seo that the name of Herbert Spencti
is on every wrapper of every cigar with*
out which, none are genuine.
The Herbert Spencer cigars are only sold
by the box of 50, Conchas at $3.50, and
Perfectos. $4.50 at Bippman Bros., whole
sale druggists, Barnard Olid Congresi
streets, of this city.—o-1.
Grnybearil.
•‘Gravbeard Is the only medicine which
cures Stomach troubles In my family
this season. It Is a great remedy.
Rev. P. J. Gresham,
Eureka, lex.
Oraybeard Pills are the Pill* to tak4
bow. 25 cents. -
Respess Drug Cos., Props.—a®*