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DOMESTIC.
MAJ. JOEL ORAM FORD.
Tlic Troup Party have determined to run for Gover
nor, Mai Crawford who is now boforc the public for that
iinporta.it and responsible Office: It » to be hoped
that tn this contest, the friends of each Candida te, toll
refrain from that bitterness of party strife, and acrlmo
nv of political dissefttion, which too often prompt them,
Without just cause, or a sufficient excuse, to mangle,
will, uuf .cling severity, the private character and dear
bought reputation cf those, w ho are induced tu come be
fore Ui ; public for its favor and distinction. W.e can-
I'i-I’ies uo'v before the People, are well known and
(.mates no., ut-rer.. i.,,{, opinions are proper sub
jects for examination—and to these,- and these only,
should the People, through the medium of the Press,
be invited to look. Our feelings, principles, and duty
will influence us, to give Maj. Crawford a hearty sup
popt. He is a gentleman of great literary attainments,
and of considerable political information, lie is ortho
dox in-Ins principles, and sound in his faith. He has a
clear head, and what is better, an honest heart. He is
open in his course, and liberal in his feelings. To
court popularity lie will never equivocate—and to win
public favor,he will disdain to dissemble His indepen
dence of mind is such, that he will speak what he
thinks—and so great is his ifigpity of diameter, that ho
will never “stoop to conquer.” If elected he will do
honor to the Sla'e —if defeated, he will lie, ns he al
ways has been, a bright ornament of his Courtly.
[ Wash, Netcs.
It seems that (lie extract from the Washington News,
the object of which was to lead to the candidacy of
George M. Troup, Esq. for the next governor, is alrea
dy obsolete or superceded. By the last Capitoline pa
pers, Major Joel Crawford, of Hancock is declared a
coiiduiate for that high civic honour. We know not
whether Governor Troup categorically and absolutely
refused. We must acknowledge that •wc glowed with
unwonted zeal at the prospect of a canvass being opened
for him. We remembered the intrepidity and tri
umph of this Citizen in former very perilous and criti
cal times, and as coining events begin “to cast their
shadows before them” auguring, but wc hope not with
infalibility, the recurrence of times in the affairs of
Georgia, that may try men’s souls, we preferred him to
all others, to breast the difficulty and stand by the helm
ofState. He is veteran lie is fearless—he knows the
Suction of the Maicstiom of Nullification, and he knows
the Scylla and Charybdis of Federal encroachment and
State Sovereignty? Ilis course wauld be unbefogged ;
his eye clear and single ; his heatt patriotic, his breast
mailed with the panoply of integrity ; his arm inflexible
by panic ; and his head enlightened by the soundest
principles of philosophic and practical polity. We be
lieved him to be no common man, the product of an age
only in any one State; and giving itiu moot indlrid««ti
sing ami ennobling distinction to the times that pro
duced him and the country for wnich he laboured. This
we say in disparagement of the merits or curtailment of
the claims*of no other citizen whatsoever. Major
Crawford, the Nominee of the Meeting at Milledgevilte,
is a Georgian of distinguished merits and high preten
sions. lie has passed most respectably through the
Cbuncil&.of the Union, and his Sword lias bqen with the
flash of valour in the Battles of his country. We be
lieve his republican.sin to be as orthodox, primitive and
standard as that of the sage Monticello himself.
[Hickory Nut.
CONVENTION.
The ptocejdings of tiiis Body, arc now before the
People, and it is for them to say, whether or not, the
proposed alterations shall he incorporated with our Con
stitution, and form, tor years to come, a part, thereof.
Solar as wc arc concerned, with our present informa
tion on the subject, we shall feel constrained to use
what little influence we have, against the ratification,
by the People, of the alterations proposed. We sin
cerely desired a-reduction in our State Representation,
and were willing upon any principle of justice or equita
ble compromise, to effectuate, if possible, so important
an object. But we are not prepart dto see the rights and
interests of one part of the State sacrificed, to promote
the political advancement of another, and least of ali will
we sanction the effort of a party, in the grave matter of
forming a Constitution, to build its greatness upon the
ruins of its opponent—when, too, by so doing, the inter
est of theStato’is affected—and the (relitical influence
of a part of it is entirely destroyed, fn the delibera
tions of the Convention, party feelings should have
been discarded—political prejudices banished—and lo
cal jealousies forgotten. Each Delegate should have
gone for the State—the whole State—and nothing but
the State. Is it not a lamentable fact-.-o>» that proves
the selfishness of human nature, and tho greediness of
ambition—that a people cannot attempt the alteration of
n Constitution known to be defective and acknowledged
to need amendmeut, w ithout running the risk, through
the restlessness cf party feeling, and the wildness of po
litical excitement, of rendering their condition worse,
and thcii burdens more grievous ? But such is too of
ten the case; —and hence tho prudent reluctance ol the
IVv>j»hi 10 modify their Constitutions—to abrogate their
forms of government —or remodel their institutions.,
The object of the Convention was not only to reduce,
but to equalize the representation of the State. The
great inequality of our representation, was considered
no less an evil, than itsunwicldly number) and with the
People, iis reduction was not more desirable, thar its e
qualizaiion was deemed necessary. But what basilic
Convention done? It lias reduced, ’tis true the num
ber of our representatives, bnt upon principles that ren
der the inequality greater, and the distribution of politi
cal power, more unjust. By a combination between the
low country and the upper counties, we have a Senate
by Counties without regard to population, and a House
of Representatives upon the basis of free white popula
tion only. The lower counties without population
have the power in the Senate—the upper counties with
a white imputation, but with no slaves, have the power
in the House, while the middle counties, not haring so
much territory as the former, not solarge a free white
population as the latter, but more wealth, and holding
more slaves than either, have neither the power in the
one, nor weight in the other. It seems then that the
middle, wealthy, and populous slave holding counties
are to be sacrificed, to appease the resentment of the
lower, and to gratify the ambition of the upper counties.
We are the victims—we are already placed on the al
tar—end the People are invited to a; ply the knife, and
kindle the flame. Will they do it? Time must prove
the fact, before we believe it possible.
The injustice done the middle counties by giving
one San at or te every two counties without regard to pop
ulation, and l»y abandoning, in the reduction of the
House, the federal basis, and substituting that of free
white population only, when there was no necessity fur
it, and the change cannot be productive of any good—
is so palpably plain, that no labored dissertation is ne
rose-ry, to prove that every living mail in these coun
ties, no matter wli.it may be his political feelings or par
tv predilections, should oppose, with unyielding firm
ness, tho alterations of the Constitution us proposed by
the Couveutioi. But lie re is another part of Us nto
ei-i-iini"*, ttwtvv.il bo regaiue.i I , lll _ ( j |p
Convention unfortunately has made it so—and to its o'-
cision w ill, in 11 probability, be brought party fealmgs,
and party considerations Wc allude to the Senatorial
Districts.. From the slight examination w c hove given
this branch i.( the subject we are induc'd to believe, I
that tha dii iriets w re so formed, as to give to the dum.
in : 1 * parti m the CVgventio.t, and the weaker party tin j
«tate a large majority in the Senate. In order to neu
tralize tltotr power, Troup counties wuh arge utnJ
teis, were thrown together,-and tha comb.nitons the
other counties, afe such, as to show, tnat m tin.
lion of the Districts, an eye was had to party promouo
r party aggrandizement. Will the people, wlten ,
Constitution is to be made-a Constitution that » Jo
exist'for years— sanction an act, that was. done^
the intention to promote the.mteresU; of •■...t.iuce
to subserve the views of a 1 art). - r ; ncl .
into tha very foundations of their government,
i>|p, that must undermine its strength, *
*. I*.
think, that party-spirit, when P r "l' Fl j! y r Is».»
crr.rtii isrrne'rislflO'ary''safe'guard of our liberties, the
herald of our political salvation. Bnt if it is to work
without restraint, and act without control, it will
soon tear down the battlements of civil liberty, and shake
the basements of our institutions. Now is a fit ttine for
public opinion to rebuke its madness, and correct its
excesses—and unless we mistake the virtue and intel
ligence of the People, it will be done, arid that too, ef
fectually.— Wash. News.
“Why. I will fight with him upon this theme,
Until iny eye-lids will no longer wag.”
Shtdicsprarc.
Not feeling altogether willing to risk our characters for
patience and forbearance in the excite*' state of feelings, pro
duced by the reception of the actings and doings of tile late
misnamed Reform Convention, we have allowed sever?.|
days to pass by, for the purpose of regaining our wonted e
quanimity; the better to express a calm and dispassionate o
piuion on the subject. And we. did think, that time and re
flection had accomplished something for us ; but so soon as
we took up our pen for that pufpose, we felt the fever retur
ning ;yet, we flatter ourselves with the hope that we shall
be enabled to get through with what we have to say at this
time, without doing violence to the private feelings of those,
whose conduct in that convention has done so muen to our
political ones.
That convention was called by the people of Georgia; for
what purpose ? to reduce and to ei/uaiize the representation
in our Legislature. It lias provided, it is true, to a certain
extent, fora reduction of its numbers; but on such terms,
as we make bold to declare, the free and intelligent citizens ot
Georgia will never accept ! The number of our Representa
tives and Senators under the present apportionment is, it is
true, a great and growing evil ; but great as that evil is, it is
nothing in our conception, when compared with the new
ones attempted to be imposed, by the late convention, on the
people efflcorgia. For the purpose of effecting a trifling re
duction in the number®!' tile members of the General Assem
bly, that body propoqps to continue in operation the present
inequality in the Senate, and to destroy that equality which
now exists in the House of Representatives. —It proposes to
prostrate at “one fell swoop,” the dearest rights 6( the
South, at the feet of the noii-slave-holding states--to destroy
that principle, for which the whole South contended when
the Constitution of the United States was formed—(and with
out the acknowledgement of whicli right the slave-holding
stales would never have ratified that instrument) we mean
the Federal Basis of Representation! We say it proposes
to destroy this fundamental principle, not directly it is true,
but if the amendment touching it proposed by lire Conven
tion, ever becomes incorporated with the constitution of this
State, so soon we place a weapon in the hands of our ene
mies in the Middle and Eastern States, for our own destruc
tion. For it is idle and foolish to disguise the fact, that if
we discard tiiis as a false basis of representation at honte, we
leave no right to claim it as the true basis in the National Le
gislature ! And where is the Southern man so recreant to
his birth-right, so lost to fame and to his interest, as to feel
a willingness to yield one iota of the too little influence that
the South is now able to exert in the National Councils of
the country? If there“is one, then hint we have offended.”
Os all other rights this is the one . that should he the most
iherished and tire last to he yielded* by the people of tho
South, and the most suicidal act that the people of Georgia
could be guilty of, would be to adopt any amendment of the
constitution w hicli should have, even distantly, a prejudicial
bearing on tiiis important question. It ought to be as dear to
the people of the *South as lire very apple of their eyes. —
These things are contemplated by the propositions adopted
by a majority of the late conventiog, and it now remains to
he seen whether or not, when their deformed offspring is
presented to the people, they will add insult to attempt inju
ry, and urge upon them its adoption. When we reflect, how
ever, daffhe: t t course of tin m • ferity in the con
vention, we are irresistahiy impressed with the opinion that
tho grand object to which their labors wire directed, was
simply the adoption ol such alterations and amendments to
the constitution, as would prove obnoxious to, and he rejec
ted with scout by the people—that being privately opposed
themselves to any reform in the legislature, they w ere deter
mined in this way, to bend tire will of the people to their own
selfish and ambitious views. If our surmises are right, (and
we would by no means'iitcludp all Who voted with the majo
rity, as acting from such motives) we will be apt to find
iliem lukewarm and indifferent when the question of adop
tion or no adoption comes before the people. These are our
general views of the proceedings and results of the late re
form Convention. We will endeavor t,ereaftes»to lay before
our readers more particularly the grounds of our objections
to the propositions which have been adopted by that body,
and which are shortly to be inid before them t"Oi their rejec
tion or adoption.— iiouthtrn Banner.
The Convention of Georgia ha3 adjourned. Preview
to adjournment, it adopted tiie white basis, in appor
tioning the number ol* Representatives in the Legisla
ture.
This was a most unfortunate stop. Georgia could
yot have pursued a more suicidal policy. Tire princi
ple which she has thus sanctioned, is utterly at variance
with the principle* which she lias always maintained,
and in its tendency absolutely subversive of Iter rights
and interests as a slave-holding Slate. She has Surren
dered one of her most important posts in the controver
sy upon the’slavc question, and v irtually abandoned one
of tire securities which us intended by the framers of
our government to guard and protect that species of pro
perty.
Georgia, and indeed the w hole South ;tnnv long have
cause todeprecate that arrangement of parties and com
bination of interests, by which a few selfish and ambi
tious men have been enabled to trumph in the decision
of her Convention, at the sacrifice of the great inter
ests of her people.— Ala. Journal.
Sir Archy. —Tiiis famous horse has cleared for
his proprietor, (independent of his achievments on
the furl,) $70,000. He is still living, hut in tlic ex
trertiity of old age, (in the 30th or 31st year of his
age.) Ilis vigor is extinct. lie has not shed his
hair for several years, and it has grown to the
length of two or three inches. A gentleman who
has lately seen him, says that of all animals he is
the Worst looking, and would bo the last taken for the
most celebrated horse of the age. His owner treats
him with ali possible kindness, as it would be un
pardonable indeed ifhe did not. Provender without
stint, at rack and manger, and a soft delicate bed,
proclaim the proprietor's gratitude. The door is
left open to allow his egress and ingress at pleasure.
I'nioii Democratic Mccliag.
At a large meeting of Union Democratic Republi
cans, (from all parts of Geoigia, composed of members
of the Slate Convention and others,) who are opposed
to the Nullification doctrines of South Carolina, und who
believe in the principles, us explained by Mr- Madison,
which .rought the Republican party into (tower in 190!,
and who sustain the administration of Andrew Jackson
—agreeably to previous notice, convened in the Ro
prrj.enti.tive Hall, on Tuesday evening, May 14, |9;iy.
Oiit.jr.lini.nmr V H l« oil ,*)( K y * l'*. Est).
was culled to tho Chair, and Josern Sti-roeas, Esq. of
the county of Upson, was appointed Secretary,
Julin A. Cutlibert. Esq. then moved for the appoint
men! of a cotuutillcr to prepare and report suitable reso.
Intiona expressive of the sense of the meeting on the
subject f,,r which it had convened: wherroiipoii thr ,
Oiuii appointed John 1. Cuthberl, Esq. Col. Alfred 1
(verson Gen. Valentine Walker, General James C.
Watson, and Dennis L. Ryan, Esq. to perform that
U 'phe Committee, having retired, on their return, sub
mitted the following Preamble and Resolutions, winch
were unanimously adopted, to wit.
Whereas, at a period of great politiciai excitement,
calculated 4o produce unnecessary and most dangerous
convulsions in the count**, it becomes the high and
sacred dutv of good citizens, to unite in maintaining
i those principles, on which depend the peace and good
ordet of society, the perpetuity of good government,
and the preservation of national independence, and oi
miKvtg.i.il liberty.
Be it thar fore resolved, by tiiis assembly, composed
of citizens Iron) various parts of the State of Georgia,
convened in MiileilgeviMe That we approve, and will
mantairi the principles asserted in the \irginia Report,
nut Resolutions of 1799 anil 1799, as expounded by
Janes Madison, the |>ure, enlightened, and venerable
patiiarcb, by whom they were prepared—by which alone
can be preserved, at the same time, the delegated pow
ers >f the federal government, and the reserved powers
of tie States.
Jit it further resolved , That we disapprove of the iloc
trinesof nullification, believing that they arc opposed
to the hcorv of tire constitution of the United States,
that tho. are incompatible with the existence ot the
Federal Union, that they lead inevitably to civil war,
and the muMplication of standing armies, anil are most
dangerous to liberty : and that we behold, with deep re
lb.ret, the continued military preparations in a neighbor
ing sister State, which liasyielded itself to the guidance
of those pernicious principles.
Be it further resohed, That we most cordially approve
of tire measures of the administration of Andrew Jack
son, the gallant soldier, tire proii’uud statesman, tile ar
dent anil disinterested patriot : alike in v.ar and peace,
the defence and ornament, the pride anil glory of his
country ; am! tint we are deeply sensible of our pecu
liar obligations to him, as the Steadfast friend ot Geor
gia, in her Indidi controversies.
Be it further resolved, That we are decidedly oppos
ed tp the prinejile of the Protective Tariff, and to all
legislation intoidyd for the exclusive benefit ot any
particular classpf our citizens; arid that we look with in
creasing confidence, for the overdrew of this most in
iquitous svsteu, to tho wisdom and patriotism ot the
American people, through the regular and constitutio
al action of theigovernment.
Be it further resolved, That wc cordially approve of
the conduct of »ur Senator John Foktyth, and of our
Representative; James M. Wayne, in the unequivo
cal, and energetic support, which they have given to
the administration of Andrew Jackson, in tneir uniform
and judicious efforts to relieve the country from the bur
dens of an unjast protective tariff’, and in their boid and
determined opposition to the politiciai heresy of nul
lification.
Be it further resolved, That John Av Cutlibert, Esq
Col. Alfred Iverson, Thomas w. Harris, Esq. Gen*
William B. Wofford, and Dennis L. Ryan, Esq. be a
committee, in behalf of this assembly, to transmit a.
copy of these resolutions to the president of the United
States, and in affectionate terms to express to him, our
profound gratitude for his invaluable services, in war
and in peace, to our common country, and our high
confidence in the vigor, the wisdom and the purity of
his administration : and that a copy of these resolutions
■ be transmitted also to the venerable James Madison,
and to the Hon. John Forsyth.
Be it further resolved, 'That the foregoing preamble
and resolutions be published in the several Newspapers
of this place.
From the H estern Herald.
Extent of the Gold Region in Georgia. —A few mines
of some notariety were discoverd in Rabun county, in
the fall of 4829, and spring of eighteen hundred and 30.
The mines included in that county aie few, and the pre
cious metal principally confined to branch deposits, the
gold is found in large particles, and varies in value at
up country markets, from seventy to eighty-five cents
per dwt. About the same time there were a great ma
ny valuable discoveries made in Habersham county, in
branch, bill, surface and vein deposites, which soon at
tracted tire pi incipal capitalists in the country, and the
most valuable lots were purchased at large prices, arid
the business of mining has been more improved on in
that county than any other in the State. The appa
rent Inexhaustibility of the treasure, which is well cal
culated to stiinu/atethe most lethargic among us, has
caused the proprietors of the mines in that county, to
venture sufficient capital, to conduct the business in a
manner, not only profitable to them and the country,but
reflects upon thorn, much of the credit which is so just
ly due to enteqmse in such a beneficial undertaking.
Habersham can truly boast of the largest specimens of
Gold which has yet been found in Georgia. Its value
is quoted at about the same as that of Rabun county,
and the Loudsville,and tho McLaughlin mines,are not
..‘xcollcd in richness by any in the United States. Hall
county has some valuable mines, though principally
confined to ridge veins which have, not yet been opera
ted on very extensively. The celebrated. Elrod inifie,
has bean leased for a term of years to a company of l\.
Ca. gentiemeiu viz- Col. Fisher and l)r Austin, who
arc preparing forextensive operations ; the lot on Clies
tatee-owned by Beers, Booth and St. John,’and the lot
in the same neighborhood owned by Col. Calhoun and
Gibson, are botli now attached to tiiis county; the oper
ations upon those lots have been very extensive and
jirolitable, there are several others in that neighborhood
that arc doing well. Some gold lias also been found
in Gwinnett county, but we believe tea limited- extent,
only one lot bqs been discovered, that will pay Wages.
in Carroll county, there were many valuable disco
veries made about the first of June, 1830, and the busi
ness of mining is carried on there in a manner unprece
dented in any other part of the state, except in Haber
sham, where the region is much more extensive. We
believe that the Carroll Gold although tire particles ere
very small is given up to he the purest yet discovered
in the United Slates, and though the Gold Region
there, is embraced in a few miles square, such has been
the reward to the honest labourer, that many wire were
poor and indigent, in three years lime have placed them
selves in easy and desirable circumstances. The-Gold
is found in Carroll in the branch hill, and vein depo
sits, and she can boast oftlre richest surface yet disco
vend in the State, from the plentiful branch mining
ground and the richness of tire surface. The veins have
nut vet been fairly tested. Maj. Jones has been induced
to make a small experiment on his lot.—We have seen
the vein, since he has bored about sixty feet perpendic
ular, and tunnelled perhaps as far horizontally, and it is
very rich indeed,so much so, that it is not uncommon to
see particles of Gold on the surface of the racks and
find it in great abundance in the dirt thrown out of the
vein. The Major has been doing so well on the branch
and surface, that lie has not yet furnished himself with
the necessary machinery for operating on his vein mine
to any extent, further than a hare experiment.
Gold in the Cherokee Country,in 1830 many discove
ries were made m this country, and for tile limited man
ner in which the Indians opperated for it and the great
abundance in which they found it, the whole country
was soon inundated with trespassers from various parts
of tho union, and so extensive were their operations that
the legislature had to pass a law organizing a constant
eunnt f..r tin- protection of the public property front pri
vate destruction.
The I2tli 13th -ltl» 15th dist. in the Ist ser. nre all in
cluded in Lumpkin co. and all valuuble for the disco
veries already made, tho mining operation here are now
r ttensive and increasing daily, thr Gold tv pretty much j
the stinc as that ol Habersham in nzo, quantity and va- ■
lue, the local deposits are about the same, the golden
veins through this country to pass almost in a di
rect line from this to Carroll, and between the Rivers
Cliattahoochie and Etoah, there is some valuable mines
in Forsvtb county. Cherokee county includes the cele
brated Sixes Miiies.aiid many others which makes it lit
tle inferior to Lumpkin. Cass county includes the A
latuiia mines which*has so much character for their rich
' ness and value. Some valuable discoveries has been
made in Cass for the last few weeks; the principle new
discoveries there, has been in the richness of the sur
face.
Paulding county, which is bounded on the south by
Carroll, contains many valuable mines, the most noted ol
which is in the third "district of tiie third section, there
is a narrow vein of blue limestone that crosses between
the mines in Cass county and those in Paulding, and
the size of the particles, and fineness of the mc-tal,
seems to change abruptly from that of Habersham and
Lumpkin, 10 that described in Canroil. The mining
oper.'jions in Paulding are yet limited, though Iromour
persotral knowledge of the value of some of the mines
there, we have no doubt but they will be soon exten
ded, and profitably conducted.
John C. Calhoun. —This distinguished statesman,
arrived in our Village on Wednesday last, directly f{om
his residence in South Carolina. lie spent but a few
hours in town, and retired to his mines in the neighbor
hood, where he intends remaining two or three weeks.
And though fatigued as he necessarily was, from *a
long ride over the rough roads frbrn Pendleton to Lump
kin county, he was yet able to sustain himself in his
true character, for engaging the attention,'and assuring
of all we believe, who had (with ourselves) the pleasure
of spending the few moments that remained here, in
his company, fie is commanding in appearance, easy
and graceful in manner, ailable, and familiar in conver
sation ; possessing a pleasing countenance, deeply
marked with all the prominent features of gestures.
And although the secret antipathy of some of his com
petitors for office, have been roused to action, and car
ried into the archieves of the Cabinet, for proof of his
duplicity in relation to his conduct, in accepting the
Vice Presidency, under the administration, of the mili
tary chieftain. We believe that the feelings which
caused the charge, and sought the proof, were the legit
imate offspring of atfcludcd head, and an envious heart.
The how was bent for a double purpose, the arrow reach
ed the object of its aim, and forced its wav by the aid of
the powerful pressure of gun pavvder popularity, into
the vitals of. Mr. Calhoun, apd he fella victim at the
shrine of Southern conspiracy. “But did lie fall to rise
no more.” Freedom forbit it, and liberty has reached
her hand to his aid, and we now find him rising, not like
the feeble infant when he firsts attempts to walk, in ilis
pitc of natures tules, but like the once vigorous youth
that is fast recovering from a momentary panic, and his
system only relaxed strength enough,to add digestion to
his appetite, and strength to all his athletic pretensions.
Yes, his late speech in Congress against the protective
System,like the boisterous gales that sometimes hursts
upon the clouds that bear them, and dashes them into
fragments of vapor, which is soon absorbed in the cft’ul
trent of the burningsun, has been the cause
of loosening the shackles that northern ingenuity had in
vented, and put so far into execution against the south
ern people, that the pressure was becoming so severe,that
even the iron banded (hold um together) doctrine of the
celebrated Proclamation, could not have bound the
states much longer to the Union. Mr. C. is a union
man, although he has been robbed of tlte enchanting
name, and dubbed with the horror striking name of nul
lification ; and why is he not called a union man, because
he is opposed to usurpations of power, upon the part of
the general government, which are unjust in their nature,
unconstitutional in their hearings, and .solely oppressive
in their operations upon the southern people. It. is be
cause the buoyant spirit of freedom, has prompted him
on this occasion to assert the rights of the southern pro
pie, regardless of the frowns of federalism, ok the
threats of TYRANTS. —Auraria Herald.
POLITICAL.
Extract from the letter of a highly distinguished Vir
ginian, dated
APRIL 15, 1633.
“Accept my thanks for the papers and documents
which you were so good as to forward, during the very
interesting period of the session of your Convention.
I have watched with an intense anxiety the move
merits of your State, during the last three yeass ; and
for noble and lofty bearing, for a keen sense of injury,
and firm resolve not to submit even under tire most ap
palling circumstances, she stands unrivalled in our con
federacy. 1 have no doubt posterity will do her jus
tice.
It is to my mind as clear as the light of Heaven, that
the late modification cf'the ’J'arilT, unsa.tisfact.ory as it
inay be, would not have been obtained, had it not been
for the undaunted stand taken by that noble Slate of
which you are a member. Cupidity never yet ielaxed
its hold, without being compelled by some threatening
evil.
The politicians of the-SoUth have too exclusively con
fined their discussions to the mere constitutional ques
tion, without examining into the expediency of consoli
dation. If there is any position capable of being satis
factorily demonstated in politics, it is that a govern
ment like ours cannot work well in practice, unless a
veto power is lodged in the minority upon constitution
al questions. Nothing more would be necessary to
make the doctrines of ’3B and ’99 popular throughout
the whole Southern country, than 'clearly to prove° that
State interposition is not only constitutional hut expetli
dient and necessary for the preservation of tlte Union,
and to guard against the monstrous evils of consolida
tion.
The doctrine of the supremacy of absolute majorities
addresses itself at present to the partialities of the peo
ple. This doctrine must not only be proved false in
theory', hut eminently mischievous in practice. The
great mass of the p -ople will always determine contes
ted unco:istitutio;..;l questions according to their no
tions of expediency : and it is consequently upon the
latter point we sho dd endeavor to set them right.
\ou ask my can-lid opinion respecting Clay’s Bill. I
think it a hard bar -aiu when wc consider the just claims
ol the South ; but under existing circumstances I would
unquestionably Inne supported it, had 1 been in Con
gress. We must i collect that the Pyramids were not
built in a day. These iniquitous systems are not the
work of a moment: —years conspire to their formation; —
evil is piledjon evi . —Ossa upon Pellion, until the load
becomes intolerabl Then must commence the work
of reformation, and perhaps it is belter that it should
not be too sudden.
1 have no doubt that goods will be as high throughout
the next 9 years a; at present, because of the caution of
the importing inert aants : and likewise that 20 per et.
will lie too high an ultimate rate of duty : and morever 1
cannot well see hou the revenue of the country will he
kept from overflow eg. 1 dislike too the home valua
tion, and duties, w -Hi give an unquestionable advan
tage to the North. Under ull these circumstances, I
hope to see the sy.- in retouched by Congress, and bet
tor terms secured. The South has, however, at all e
vents gained a victory, in the recognition of ihc princi
ple that.duties are tr. he laid for revenue, and not for
joidection.’ - — -Chari ston Mercury.
A Merchant in London, who lately advertised
bn a (, lerk who cottld he ir confinement, has liocn ;
answered by one who has lain seven years in gaol!
Proposed Amendment o! the Cb Kstitutica
Whereas the third section of the first ar
ticle of the Constitution of the State ot Geor
gia, is in the following words, to wit: “The senate
shall be elected annually ou the first Monday in No
vember until such da_v of election be altered by law
and shall be composed of one member front each
county, to be chosen by the electors thereof.”
And, whereas, a part of the seventh section of the
first article of the Constitution of the State of Geor
gia, is in the following words, to wit: “The House
of Representatives shall be composed of members
from all the counties, which now are, or may hereaf
ter be included within this State, according to their
respective numbers of free white persons, and inclu
ding three tilths of all the people of colour,” and in
the same section, the following, to wit; “ each coun
ty containing three thousand persons agreeably tQ
the foregoing plan of enumeration, shall be entitled
to two members, seven thousand to three members
and twelve thousand to four members, but each
county slrall have at least one and not more than
four members.”
And whereas, the aforesaid third section, and
the said parts of the seventh section of the said first
article of the Constitution touching the representa
tion in the General Assembly of the State, have
been found by experience, to be defective, on ac
count of the great numbers in the Legislature, and
the enormous expense on account thereof: - We, the
delegates of the people of the State of Georgia, in
general Gonvehtion assembled, chosen and authoris
ed by them to revise, alter and amend the said two
sections, and other parts, if any, touching the repre
sentation of the people of Georgia in the General
Assembly, have, after mature reflection and delibe
ration, declared the following to be amendments in
ieu of the aforesaid third section and parts of the
seventh section, when ratified by the people of the
State, shall be taken, held and considered as of the
Constitution of the State of Georgia m lieu of the
aforesaid.
THe Senate shall be elected annually, on the first
Monday in October, until such dav of election be al
tered by law, and shall be composed of one member
from each senatorial district to be chosen by the e
lectors thereof; which said senatorial districts shall
be formed by adding two contiguous counties to
gether throughout the State, without regard to po
pulation, as is hereinafter specified and defined, the
county of Murray excepted, which shall constitute,
together with such county or counties as mav be
hereafter formed out of the territory now compos
ing said county of Murray, one senatorial district;
the whole number of districts shall be forty-fi\e
and no more ; and in the event of the formation of
any new county' or counties, the Legislature at the
time of such formation,, shall attach the same to
some contiguous senatorial district.
Each Senator shall be a resident of the distr,
for which he may be elected, as is required by tl
present Constitution of residence in the countv..
The following shall be the senatorial districts, vi
The county' of Murray shall constitute the 1
2d, composed of the counties of Gilmer and link
3. do do Rabun, and Habersham.
4. do do Lumpkin and Cherokee.
5. do do Cass and Floy'd.
6. do do Jackson and Hall.
7. do do Fra.iklin and Madison.
8. do do Gwinnett and Forsyth.
9. do do Paulding-and Cobb.
10. do do Fayette and DeKalb..
11. do do Campbell and Carroll.
12. do do Coweta and Meriwether.
13. do do Troup and Heard.
14. do do Henry and Newton.
15. do do Walton and Clark.
Hi. do do Oglethorpe and Elbert.
'l7. do do Greene and Taliaferro.
18. do do Wilkes and Lincoln.
19. do do Morgan and Putnam.
20. do do Butts and Jasper.
21. do do Pike and Upson.
22. ' do do Harris and Talbot.
23. do do Crawford and Monroe.
24. do do Bibb and Houston.
25. do do Jones and Baldwin.
26. do do Twiggs and Wilkinson.
27. do do Warren and Hancock.
28. do- do Columbia and Richmond.
29. do do Rurke and Scriven.
30. do do Washington and Jefferson.
31. do do Bulloch and Emanuel.
32. do do Laurens and Montgomery
33. do do Dooly and Pulaski.
34. do do Marion and Muscogee. I
35. do do Randolph and Early.
30. do do Sumpter and Stewart.
37. do do Baker and Lee.
38. do do Irwin and Telfair.
39. do do Appling and Tattnall. ,
40. do do Chatham and Effingham. I
41. do do Bryan and Liberty.
42. do do Mclntosh and Glynn. I
43. do do Wayne and Camden.
44. do do Ware and Lowndes.
45. do do Decatur and Thomas. I
The House of Representatives shall be compos!
of members from all the counties which now a|
or hereafter may be included within this State, t
cording to their respective numbers ol free vh
persons. The whole number of mepnbers in t
House of Representatives shall be one hundred a
forty-four and no more, except in the case of a ne
ly created county or counties; such new count}
counties shall have one member for each coud
until the taking of the next census the rafter
the whole number shall lie apportioned in die jj
lowing manner, to wit ; The fifteen counties
ving the highest number of free .white personssa
be entitled to three members each ; the 25 count*
having the next highest number of free whitepei*j
shall have two members each, and the
49 counties shall have one member each. j
ever, from the creation of anew county orcouM
the whole number of members in the House ot J
resenta fives shall exceed the number of one J
tired and forty-four, it shall be the duty of the 'L
lature, at its first session after the taking of m e
census after the creation of such new oottn
counties, in apportioning the members, to ta e jj
member from one of the counties having three j
bers to supply such newly created county. a j
beginning with tlte county that has the smallest 1 j
her of free white persons that may bo eDI , J
three members. Tlte censusshull lie taken as 1
tofore once in seven years, and the Legislut li, j
at its first session after the taking ol eachl
apportion the members among the sever* gl
oi the State as is herein before provided. r H
each county shall have one member. |
Done in Convention, Ifltli May, I M3. I
JAMES M. WAYNE- I
President of the Conic*' 1 I
Attest, )
AVilkt vs Hunt. [ Stent***- I
Hamilton B. Gaither, ’ S