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POLITICAL. . Letter iru.ii Hi rta.iaa to t'ouJy "•■t l Dear Sir : Sirree t i jat hid ir; pi Mi tre of addressing yoj, far ni >rc mspi.-jiaui tunas l trait are iik - ly to dawn 01 the destinies of our ouiitry thin cun Id have been re isuinaly predict'd f mil' gloin.ai.l unpro ntsiiig aspect o: aittirs. cj x n i iths ago, tne re i careev ul ttie e!iuin|,,>* ol tin: i anti ra|>n!ly harry 1114 our i 1 i>• rO'-s to tin; grave, but i>i iiis in a kind Providence! that dread cd eve it .1 as been averted by the returning b'Use of justice, which influenced the munis of States lien; w:io in sacrificing their prejudi ces Oil the altar of concord, to preserve the peace of th - Union, have not only exhibited wisJo 11 and true greatness, hut have gained a trio nph wnicu li is rentier and their fama imper ishable, ami will transmit to posterity their virtues for imitation. What a contrast with the sordid and grovelling spirit thatwould do homage to Mammon, and oiler up to Moloch a inagaiianimous people, (struggling to 1111111- tain their rights ) as victims to foul ambition, and a lust of power. Tne present prospect is certainly cheering, compared with the retros pective view of our late position, which could not have been surveyed without exciting min gled emotions of disgust and indignation a' i 1 r *pe 1 ted encroachments made hyt’ie friends of dcsootisin and consolidated Government, upon the rights of the citizen. The Tarill of HX3—the offspring of co nlnni-d plot a:al corruption—the l 10l of visionary Politicians and selfish spe mlators, wis held out as a lur to wealth, for such persons, wno were willing to embark in the schemes of the monopolis s; and rich spoils were promised to their parti sans, each of whom was led to tmtgtne In possessed a power equal to .Midas. The plan, too, of freely drawing money from the Public Treasury for sectional p irjxas .'S, and to further their mercenary views, was secured by Legis lative s.iiictiuil, and under the specious till of the “ American System they determined it should he considered as the settled policy of the country,and arrogated the right of call iflg it so It is the settled policy of the Gov eminent of an absolute monarchy to enforc. the edict of a Tyrant by tli sword and bayo net against his oppressed subjects, and impi ously to declire it onlv inferior to the Fut of Heaven. It is the settled policy of a Turkish Divan to inflict the bow siting on in-re suspi cion,or by false accusations, to dispossess some unhappy victim of his life and piop rty. I thank God, however, that the free, sovereign and independent States of this great Federal Republic are composed of a population, of which, the majority are too enlightened ever to submit to be made the instruments of the myr.irdous of power, and to he rendered sub servient to the will of a faction. They will I trust, never consent to perpetuate their own infamy, by assisting to degrade the character of the country, which it is (heir pride and ambition to exalt and protect. In the late contest with the General Govern ment, for the repeal of the odious Tariff, the Southern States endured with a patience and aiinoat unprecedented in the an nals ot the history ot il,, -re. „ i,,„n were gradually annihilating th. ir agriculture and commerce, exhausting their resources,! and compelling them to be tributary lo the; North. South-Caroliiia, in particular, after 1 more than ten years of remonstrance and una I railing petitions, was spurned by that very arm which should have been raised for her pro tection—after finding every avenue to relief closed against her, she at length assumed an attitude worthy of the days of ancient Greece, confiding in the rectitude of her cause, and under the protection of a merciful providence, she called on h r gallant sons to rescue them selves from a most humiliating thraldom, and the same spirit which inspired their ancestors in the days of the Revolution with undaunted courage and led them to victory, now protect ed the Palmetto Bantu#, with more than twenty thousand brave volunteers, who faith ful to the State, were prepared to peril theii lives and property in her defence. W lien the nmv “ Bill of Abo niiialions” was enacted in iu 1 33'2, by both Houses of Congress, and all prospect of redress b came desperate, did she seek to dissolve the Union, or to disturb the pence of tile community by violence and an archy ! The p. o >le of South-Carolina disdain ed s» disgraceful a course, their cause was too siered to be thus dishonored—they conceived it to bode. to their dign.ty to proceed, “con silio ct anims ,’ and having 111 th' ir sovereign capacity bv their Delegates in Convention, solemnly declared the Tariff laws of 18'JS and null and void within the limits of tin St ite.they resolved to defend their lib rtiesa gainst Federal usurpation & aggros.s o 1, at any & every hiz ird. Nothing daunted bv the il. judged menaces of the Federal executive,ot:r little Sparta moved on in llie even tenor of her course—scorning the vindictive and slander ous abuse of her political enemies—unmoved by their pitiful arts to intimidate her, shestea-l dilv pursued the path of truth and honor. \ will not soil my paper hy repealing the oppro brious language which issued against her from a variety of the most impure channels. In short, nothing could exceed the venom ol malignant tongues—no words were deemed too caustic, or too gross with which to assail the Friends of “State Rights and Free Trade;” they produced no discord 111 onr ranks, but o the contrary, served to unite us more closely, and excited only contempt and derision, tdo not address you. with the intention of acting as the encomiast of our party; wo I. ave it to posterity tojudge ofour conduct, ami to deter, mine if we nave not been actuated by the; purest motives of patriotism : time will prov j how shamefully we have been calumniated,l and that onr enemies have falsely arraigned us for error of judgment, and unjustly impu-j led to us a design to w it lid raw from the union. From the commencement to the termination j of our couitst w itii the Fed. rat Government. South-Caroliua was distinguished for modera tion, prudence and firmness. She nevi r do- f iiiundcd more than could be sanctioned by] the laws of Got! and nature. Congress denied her justice. The Federal Court had no right, to take cognizance of political questions, and ; two-thirds of the State* of the Union bring in' ( favor of the Tariff, we Could have noexpecta- j tion of redress from a general convention. How taen was sue to act ? ratuer than ignobly suc cumb any lo.iger to the will of a reckless ui 'jority, she ha.! recourse to hei reserved rignts, granted under the tenth article of the ameiidin nts to tac Constitution, which ex pressly declares, “Tne powers not delegated to tile United Stales, by the Constitution, nor pro.nbite.l by it to the States, are rt s. rveit to no ■'tales reap ctively, or to the people, dxiramo ,cas-s oft n require poweiful and depurate remedies, which ought not be used, except when there is a hope of success. In the situation of Soutii-Curolina, Nullification proved most efficacious, and a complete pre ventive against Revolution or Secession. She desired a peaceful adjustment of her differ ences with the General Government—it was folly to doubt Iter attachment to the Union— the integrity of which she had ! ivised her best blood and treasure in two wars, to preserve under the most arduous circumstances. She had never murmured or quailed, trusting to her own moral and physical resources, she ueyur calculated the cost when called on by tier sister States to unite with them for the general safety. She engaged in the Kevclu iio utry struggle from principle—no state hal so little reason tocompiam of oppression while a colony. She was cherished as a favorite child bv the mother country; but I will not dwell on this subject or vaunt of her good deeds, for which she has been so greatly dis iineuishod, and poorly requited. Her ene mies dire not refuse to acknowledge that out for the measures a lopt. and by the Con vention, no modification of the Tariff would tave been mide by Congress, and without them the monopolists would still have cause 10 exult. It is a just remark of a highly estimable & distinguished Virginian that “cu pidity was never yet known to let go its hold, without being compelled by some threat ening evil.’Such Ins been the unyielding and rancorous spirit of. our opponents that they contumaciously persist in denying to a State tho right of seceding from the Union; warmly espousing the doctrine of consolidation, they endeavor to sustain it by the most flimsy and fallacious argiim at, contending that the Fed- eral Government is sovereign, tint the Unio: is an itiir.i, not in tho common acceptation of : the term, but “bona fide” a nation under a con solidated Government, claiming unlimited powers, and arrogantly disclaiming .all right on the part of a State to be soveri ig 1 and in dependent, or the people judges of what should constitute their sovereignty, .as derived from the Constitution. It is reduced to an axiom 1 that he who enters voluntarily into a compact, has the undoubted right of withdrawing when by a violation of it he is aggrieved by an at tempt to practise imposition and deprive him of certain privileges which by the conditions of that compact be was entitled to enjoy. Can it be supposed tart a free, sovereign and inde pendent State should he bound against her will to continue a member of a Confederacy when the principles on which it is based are infringed, and she is thereby loft to the mercy and misrule of the dominant party. There are certain civil anil natural rights appertain ing to the people of everv free State, which •tIU (llKlUicajil/iu una • * c ...i 4lrt |, 110 earthly power can divest them, but treach ery and force. The sovereign right is inhe. ] rent, originating with the people of the states, j forming one great confederated Republic, un>! ted by the most sacred ties of amity, interest j and kindred blond; and if these should fail to; preserve the Union—compulsion never can. The doctrines ofState sovereignty,State inter position, and the right of secession aro now daily h- co ningbetter understood, by the peo ple; and by no statesman, have thev been more clearly and satisfactorily defined than by Mr. Calhoun ; his reasoning on these interesting subjects has hefcn so lucid—so truly worthy o( his great and capacious mind—so perfectly intelligible and convincing, that lie who does not comprehend it,must indeed be unfortunate ly dull. Mr. Calhoun’s arguments have been termed by a member of the Senate, metaphy sical, this appears somewhat quaint, perhaps, ethical might have been applied with more propriety. Mr. Calhoun’s remarks reply, are so beautifully cfiaractei istic of his fine in tellect, that 1 must be excused for introducing them here, in an extract from his speech, on what is called, “ the Revenue Collection Bill” “ The terms Union, Federal, united, imply a combination of sovereignties, a confedera tion of States. They ato never applied to an association of individuals. Who ever hvard of the United State of New-York, of Massa chusetts, or of Virginia? Whoever heard the term Ft tl. rul, or Union, applied to th aggie gatio.i of individuals into one community I Nor is tilt other point less clear—that the sov ereignty is in the several Hates, and that onr system is a Union of twenty-four sovereign powers, under a constitutional compact, and not of a divided sovereigntt between the States l severally and the United States. In spite of all that has been said, he maintained that sev :rt igntv is, in its nature, indivisible, it is tiie supreme power in a State, and we might just as well speak of half a square, as hail* a sovereignty. It is a gross error to confound the tjcercinr. of sovereign pevvers with sover eignty itself, or tile deb gallon of such powers with .a surrender of them. A sovereign mav deligitc liis powers to be exercised by as many agents, as ho may think proper, under such conditions and with such limitation as he may impose, but to surrender any portion of bis sovereignty to another is to annihilate the vv bole. T»c: Senator from Delaware <,M r. Clayton) calls this metaphysical reasoning, which, he says, he cannof comprehend, if by metaphysics, he means that scholastic refine- incut which makes distinctions without differ- \ ence, no one can bold it in inure utter con- ! tempt than he,(Mr.C.,) but, if on the contra ry, he means the ixiwcr of analysis and coup j lunation—that power which reduces the most j complex idea into its cl merits, which traces! causes to tliciriirjt principb ,and, by the power of generalization and combination, unites the whole in one harmonious system; then, so l far from deserving coot, nipt, it is the highest I attribute of the human in.ml It is the power; which raises in;n above the brute—which 1 di-tintmisiirs his f;icu!tixs from m< r v.agacitv 1 whicli he holds in common with inferior ani- j nmls. It is this power which lias raised .islroiioiii r Irom !» Inga mere gazer at tin: lug 1 intellectual eminence ol a N. w on | or Laplace; and astronomy itself from a m:ra j observation of insulated facts into the ruble ] science which displays tb our admiration thi system of tins universe. And shall this high power of the tniml, w inch has effected such wonders when directed to the laws whicn con trol the m .toridl world, be forever prohibited, under a senseless cry of metaphysics, Irom be-, ing applied to Ihe high purpose of po litical science and legislation ? lie held them to be subject to laws as fixed a; matter itself, and to be as fita subject for the tpplica tion of the highest intellectual pow ea De nunciation may indeed fall upon the phiosoph* ical enquirer into these first principle:, as it did upon Galileo and Bacon, when liny first unfolded the great discoveries, v. hid have immortalized their names; hut the ti:n> will come when truth w ill prevail in spite of jreju dice & denunciation; & when politics aid le gislation will be considered as much a science as astrenomv and chemistry.” So long as tiie Government ol the .Untcd States is administered on the true spiriiand principle of th ■ Constitution, the liberties of the people are safe, bit if regardless of hat ■good faith which should be observed to all en, the Government is guilty ot partiality in bestowing exclusive protection to f.ivnjjil classes, eiicouiagtng monopolies, raising up a J monied aristocracy, attempting to' break npj ihe usagrs of civilized society, by destroy inf ! all confidence between man and man, and by unjust and unconstitutional laws,- oppressing, the poor to benefit the rich, then it as not only] justifiable, but it is (lie imperative duty of the 1 people, of a free, sovereign and independent State, to interpose their authority, and to do. dare ail such acts as violate their rights, null and void within tho limits of tiie sam Hate. Cheered and supported under :;ii difficulties by a consciousness of the rectitude ot theii ■ours., and seeking no favors trom men, bu adhering rigidly to virtuous principles, tin Friends of Hate Rights and Free Trade ii South-Carolina, have clung to tins Constiintnn as to the- ark of th»ir political salvation, and it was only in the last extremity, when oppress ed by the Federal Government, that tiro' | were compelled to seek redress by means ot, Nullification, a term now in common use, too 1 frequently, perverted and most reviled when , least understood: held up (if I may be permit-, t and so to express myself,) bv the .advocates of 1 coiisoliduiion as a political “Scarecrow or 1 Bugbear.” to deter the wavering and timid from openly siding with tho injured pnrtv. By some, it has been compared to a»lgnis-F.'.tuys, beguiling its followers; and by others, denoun ced as a political heresy. Tiie doctrine, how ever, has proved too orthodox, for its enemies, ami their Igriis-Fatuus, has passed intort sacred flame, that neither tyranny or injustice can extinguish. In my next, 1 propose to enter more partic ularly into the subject of State Rights, and although I cannot flatter myself with the hope of making anv new suggestions or useful re marks, yet l shall at least have the consolation of knowing, that my humble efforts have been j —ptr.K,,ir<l to elicit truth by keeping alive « spirit oi research, without wnY >l, erer> ,s>« b,». cause may languish, and be irretrievably lost! Remember that our victory is not complete, and that much remains to lie accomplished. ■ In politics as in religion, there aro many val-: liable lessdlis hy which we may profit, and ns ( applicable to our political situation, there is j no better scriptural warning, than this. “ IL 1 that keojK-tlt Israel shall neither slumber nor j sleep.” Let us watch then „ t i an eagle eye,! the movements of our adversaries, and suffer them not to lull us into a false security. IYr mit me to express my sincere regret, that you have found it necessary to rt iinqiiish the pub lication of the Banner of the Cop,dilution and have no intention 'of resuming ii at a fu ture period. The zeal and great ab lity will* which you sustained that valuable) pspe r , rich ly entitles you to the gratitude of every true Friend of Hate Rights and Free Trade. The sound editorial remarks with whi:h it always abounded, rendered it a most excellent prac tical work on political economy. I hope that pecuniary considerations did not induce jcu to abandon it,or that want of punctuality on the past of your subscribers, has led to it; if so, l shall never cease to lament the cause, knowing that you must have necessarily in curred considerable expense. With great respect, I remain vnnrs, HERMANN. Frnm tie Grurg a Msst-enz'r. THAI HOimOE DUdeilß. VOLUNTEER TOASTS. By the Prccidc/U, (Gen. Elian Bc dl)— J Liberty, Constitution, Union. By Gen. Rutherford , Ist V. P. —The peo ple of Georgia have car fully exammed tin • net of ihe late Goii.eiitton at Mdledgevide, and they will not acknowledge to Congress the right to expunge from the federal com pact the federal basis, by r j cim> it in on; I own State. j Cos!. S. Rockwell, of Mi.!!cdgevi!!e, up jon bcin£ called on for a si utiment, ob served, to substance, that the condition of • Georgia -in reference toiler political *as -1 pect with the United States, been 'just depicted, in strains of fervid ei.iquence ; by the distinguished guest of the chtizens , assembled, lie could not hope to excite ! their interest by tiny observations which jhe might make. He tgked- permission, j thercibre, to forego nhy remarks that j might have been expected from hum and | simply offer a sentiment. Uviieving as |he did, in the efficacy of trie doctrine ol j State interposition against federal en- ] j croaclnnpnts, which Ind been advanced ! j and so gallantly, maintained by our sister j Suite, he would oiler the fid:owing: 1 The Ihqmt'.io ikuuitr umi t.tktngU- star, j ' elevated upon tiie ramparts of etate sov< r- J !eighty—Whenever cither sh-ii! s nk, the | i hopes of constitutional liberty will be • xtin-j guislu and. Gen. Robert AvgcSti s Uhvlu, of Ma- j con when called upon hy the Committee, j rose ami said iff siibstW’ : Mr. President ; —ln availing myse\[j r>) the kind of the Conirnittec u address this numerous and respeetab.e , asdience. 1 do not indulge the vain hope o' adding any thing to the true vaiue of vhat lias already been said upon the vi- j idly important subjects under tho conside-1 ntion of the meeting. Tiie only object] {shall aim at, is, by a few suggestions, to j bad the [>eople to an investigation and dis- ■ coverv of the truth, and to awaken them I to a research, without which every cause, however strong and impregnable, must languish aud ultimately be lost. It would be superfluous in me, after what has al- ready been said, to array before this meet- ] ing the alarming evils which impend over; the fate of our country. It is sufficient that we all know and feel that an awtul crisis has arrived, which cannot be evad ed, and that the question must now irre vocably be settled, upon which depends all that is dear to us as freemen. Our adversaries, it is true, tell us that all cause for excitement has ceased; —they assure us that we have no longer any reason for alarm, and that no danger, hoAvver re mote, threatens our safety and security.— j I beseech the people not to suffer them- ] selves to be lulled into a “false security.”) “ le that keepeth Israel shall neither! slumber nor sleep,” Ilow appropriate) the admonition oi the Scriptures to our j present political situation! Let every] man then profit by the lesson —let the j keepers of our political Israel be watch-] ful and unceasingly vigilant—let an eagle] eye be kept \tpon the movements of our, adversaries, and let us not indulge for one moment the delusive hope that our rights l and liberties are secure : it would be a fa ta! mistake, and lead us to inevitable de struction, What! shall we be ,told that all is safe ? that no danger threatens us ? and shall we be. persuaded to lay down our arms, at the very moment when the arm of the federal Government is uplift ed to shed the blood of our citizens ? Oh no, no. Now is the time for action— now is the time to prepare for the awful crisis which is rapidly approaching—now is tho time, or we shall be too late, to de fend the principles ot our Government and tiie rights of the South, from the ruin which a corrupt and tyrannical adminis istration are bringing upon them. 1 atise now—stop your inquiries.—cease your exertions now, and oitrs, the best oi all ] couses, must languish and "id probably bo lost, to us and to the world, forever.— | If we have rights, now ts the time we should know what are those rights, and Itovv and* in what manner they may be asserted and defended. You have been told fellow-citizens, that our enemies are numerous and powerful, and you have neen admonished of you* duty*to meet promptly and decisively all opposition to the cause, it is your glory, as freemen and patriots, to defend. From ii.o unmasked. and undisguised foe, I have no apprehensions. X wotnu ue guard you against the subtle influence and deceptive arts of one class oi poli ticians amongst us, who I consider the most dangerous and formidable adversa ries of our cause. They seek to gain \ our confidence, to betray you—they pro fess to believe with you, on some points, to enable them to mislead your judgment on others of more importance—they ap proach you under the hypocritical cover of State Rights, to instil -into your minds the principles of ultra-federalism—oh yes, they will tell you that they too are the friends of State Rights ; but do they tell you what those > late rights are, and in what manner they may be defended ? Do they not openly oppose every meas ure of redress which has ever been sug gested by the sincere friends of State Rights, and have they not only violently 1 denounced the only efficient remedy which [ has been tried and which has proved tri umphant, but have they not uniformly treated it and its advocates with contempt and derision ? And what alternative, permit me to ask, as a remedy for the evil, have they proposed ? None, none what ever—They tell you that your rights have been invaded —that the Constitution the sacred charter of your liberties, has been violated-—that you have been plundered and oppressed—and they are willing to admit that all your compl.untsare just and .reasonable; yet in the same breath they declare that von have no power of redress, or if it exists, they will not point it out Away, away with such abandoned deceiv ers. Human invention, animated and aided by human malice, could not draw the picture of more unlimited, merciless and outrageous enemies. i Fellow-citizens, suffer me to say one word to animate you not to despair of the l final success of our cause. It will tri : umph, it must triumph, if its-adveeates do ! not abandon it from pi-gmatute despair,- he doctrines of State Sovereignty and ; State interposition are becoming daily bet ter understood by the people. Let pro per measures be takemto disseminate cor | rect information and sound political priii !ciplcv, and who -shall doubt that “-'late Rights,” before half the days of the pre sent generation expire, Will become the prevailing doctrines of the entire Uouth, and ultimately the principles upon which this government shall again be administer ed ! For myself, 1 will never despair,— Through the darkness and thick gloom which now hang around up, i look forward to a bright day of triumph and prosperity. Yes, I believe that the man is now living,” and now acting, who shall redeem ihe principles of tGovcrnm ~.t fr<**n the overwhelming construction which the! measures of the present infamous admin-; istrutton are preparing for them, and that he will not oulv survive to witness the ac complishment of Ins great and glorious) i work, but to t ecetve tiie reward which a i generous and grateful people will bestow j j upon their benefactor. 1 mean the man j who lias sacrificed a popularity such as ■ no otner man in this country ever posses ! sed or can hope to gain—l mean the man who has generously put to hazard the fame ! of a long life of arduous and faithful scr ; vice to his country, in the success ot his efforts for vinuieating Southern rights and Southern principles—l mean JOHN CALDWELL CALHOUN, ] The triumphant] vindicator of “State Rights.” [The shout of approbation with which (he annunciation of the above sentiment was re ceived, proves beyond all doubt, tiiat the peo ple of Gcotgia generally, like the speaker, have givey up ail prejudices for or against particular individuals, and aro determined in Titure tube guided alone by principles in I their choice between men.] i Misabeau B. Lamar, Esq- answered tne ] call of tile Committee with the followingob -1 servations in substance : A desire has .been expressed by my j fellow-citizens wild I am proud to call my ; friends, that 1 should make a few observa- j tions to this osKeirildy before reading to j them the sentiment which I have prepared for the occasion. It is with much re luctance that I rise to comply with their wishes ; for l am so little practised in pub lic speaking, that I am. oftener than other wise doomed to the mortification of a fai lure when forced by circumstances to tin performance of the duty.—And it I am ca- j sily disconcerted on ordinary occasions, I what must be my embarrassment in ad dressing an assembly where the liignest intelligence prevails. But even though 1 might have all the accomplished oratory and soul-stirring eloquence ol tlie gentle man whose address this afternoon lias imparted so much 'delight and instruction —1 mean the distinguished guest, whom this meeting is intended to honour for his fidelitv to his constituents in the Conven. tion of last November, still would I have i mv doubts as to the propriety of taxing the j time and attention of this assembly. I Where is the utility or necessity of my j speaking to an enlightened auditory when | 1 have nothing to say that may be pleas ing, and nothing to impart beyond their own intelligence ? 1 have no hidden knowledge to unfold, and no novel truths to utter. ’I he utmost that I can possibly do would be but to recapitulate old mat ter, anri adopting the mercantile phrase, say “dUto” to what has been already said; and said too in a manner far beyond the happiest efforts of my humble powers. Now if the foes of my Hate were present, peradventure I might have something to sav. It is known to you all that the Sou'.li is threatened with the sword—that Ad miiHMiaiKrn v-.l,—ounce i? now impended over us. We are told that if wfi do m t ! qniellij submit to the burdens so unrig!ite | ouslv imposed upon us by the tariff’, that j we shall be made to submit by lire and sword. Now my fellow-citizens, if these who have planned and cherished this mur j derous project should attempt its cxccu j tion.—should dare invade us in hostile ar ray—{other,i\ might possibly make free to speak,—l might have something to sav,-—and if I could pot address them in the style of the orator, or wiiit the ability of a Statesman, I would at least speak to them irrthd spirit of patriotism and with the becoming,boldness of an injured free man. Ask yc what would he my lan guage? I would-say, audacious tnarau ; tiers, welcome to the field of argument— ] but if it needs be so; if you prefer ifithricec 1 welcome to the field "of arms. As trai j tors to liberty, justice and humanity, 1 j would brand them to their faces, and hur ling defiance at them I woufil tell them that we meet again at Philippi. Such I would be the character of my salutation— i what would b aynttrs? Suppose the enc ; my were already upon our borders, head led by a mighty chieftain, mounted on hi: ] war-horse—his sabre flashing in the sun 1 and his red plume waving in the wind— j hell in his heart and murder ;n his eye -1 what would be your reception of him ? Perchance some recreant, loving life more i than liberty might bow at the loot stool of j the tyrants mercy—perchance, some dis appointed aspir.-nf, a prey to coroding passions, or miserable partisan whost ] iiictious vengeance is stronger than his : patriotism, might strew flowt*rs in tho in ] vrider’s path and cry “God-likc warrior ! wt! :ome to conqiu and to glory.” llu ; vou mv brave failow-fcilovv citizens, who i have wisdom to discern youi rights vir ,t ;e to appreciate them add, valor so main tain them, what would be yjur language? •—lt cannot be mistaken —l know it well. Your voice would I": the cannon’s' roar, I M ith one heart and a thousand swords you would meet the invader at tpe thresh old and saY, audacious traitor ! welcome, bat “wolcome to your gory bed.” But m}' friends when 1 look around me 1 be ho'd no foes. J hear not the invader’s tread —l see not not his broad banner and his blood-stained hand. Perhaps his in tention was only-to Intimidate —i! c o, he lias ailed, as certainly fie would in any; attempt l<) execute the threatened ven- j geanoe. Here all tire friends—l meet] tiie glances of no angry eve, every look; is beaming with good will, and in Ihe cause of freedom “merrily every bosom boundeth.” Is there any one in the sound of my voice who*|. vc';not his country— hose heart is insensible to the injun. is State_who is loth to lend a V and to right her wrongs ? Is then ne here so lukewarm in patriot!* 00l in his devotions to liberty, th a .' eeds must be stimulated to duty bv ieals to his conscience and his "fed, Jr is there any one more despicable o lost to virtue, and abandoned t„ bat is demoniac in nature, tha’ ii billing to join a band of murderous •auders, carrying desolation j n •ourse and leaving famine in the re> lie all horrible purpose of enforcin' :tis own people—upon his native or a led land—a law which lie himselfdea aes openly as unconstitutional and t ic? No, No—it cannot be. The i, bility.jast admitted that there mjJ, such, a decent respect for human ni, must now deny—there br athes ni moos er so insensible to guilt and sti I look upon this assembly as a bai patriots, few in numbers but S | r , jr . prinriplc; associated by the strongs aments that bind the virtuous to<reth the love of country and the hatred of pression— Do 1 err in this conjed Surely not. Having then no (best* due and no lukewarm and erfiiy/i to reclaim and cheer, what can h I have no views peculiar tomyfclfK upon the consideration of this* fed, no interest to defend or ndvatwßof own, separate from the interests 0 f State. There is no diversity of, merit or views to reconcile—your so are my Felines, your principles mv ciples. Indeed gentlemen ifeciforcib propriety of laying no heavier tax your time & patience than merely to known to you my abiding faith in th< right doctrines wind) I have always fesscd. and iny increasing attach™ the rights and interests of the so • cause those rights and interests are brought, more and more into ieoj 1 almost foresee their final subver nothing can save them but virtue, n ism and unanimity in the Southern! Other people may boast of a more i Tied patriotism, but for myself I; confess*that 1 !ov» the South mors Ido the North. Ask you the reas is because 1 love the oppressed, moa I can the oppressor. I am not a those of such uni c-rsal and imiii natc bcnevoltme-’ as to make so i tion between 1 iglit and wrong-vit vice.—Belwc'f n the brave, highai i«ut deeply injured people of ;he S and the cd- ! leaded mercenary c istsofiho mam.fiveti,ring States, ii an essential ikiicrenoe, as wide 1 distinct as I*l it uhi. it seperates trd falsehood,lightand darkness. Bat lit not in tli,-1 ! ■ • rv.xilon that porti to - rnlsgaiikd or: ;..h 5 who injure fra i ranee r.r.d : »t from malice; n,a jean it c:.it ' those high mini! generous pa it into who fed for lh*s j which th dr ov. :i {icnple me inflict , weald gladly ftv rt them if they 0 who v.t.li us .-:f: .he friends of free , i.-'iiics* 1 t;l.mid conslilutioid ly —.fi.r themrelvesand their ; iiu adn.-'ces rc-;;.ii.'ng from a vi ! >f n itioa.il tiiiti::', • blessings v.hk rvv old i ;mt:. ’f.or 1/ ad, I,busier !i ] 01:• 1 r.o-iv;■* from lirateq;:aij of pu’..Tc 1,:: ;!; w;:ich il isthtirl i fa: Uc:ir a abtriois, I thiiti.'.] the name of i!:- • w i.o!c Houtiiern 1 Jin the name of a race whose he) j congenial v.i.!- y or own—animal !no principle, 1 at the love of rijj knowing n j !i,but the home oil ] Accept lite rnitiudc of an'insults: ! Too few ir* lunr.bers to save e 1 wrongs, and y<»ur native court, i disgrace, vonr i.il ors in the cause) dom ami the i ignis of the States,l he dulv nr*yjt< i-ialed hy the pic j ris!i gem: rnti<>:'. !mt posterity wil • tier: 'a v,,:;r virtixs in the luaS ' uc.'iualifiwd •'•nlotry. But where hi-torian find 1 u mge suffirtentlyi jjortray in arFqua - -.' colors, thftj an I i!df: ta!;’” tm-nsters, reppa* : the riiuenf ni:. - :. wlioarelhe Irucj ;ot'all tli" diiii,'aim -and dangers I jircsa nt l.c’M't < ">< “nee peacciin a 2 * ; porous •.•oimlry ? 1 mean that bioal ; diFgr.Sii: g —?hal frigid, |[Ml ;cfUiihiiii:;;, ;■ <•-. c:.icuintmgcstinuai | wiio hv nn.'ius.i ■>: dl rr-'tirn trc-isun ly wrested iV-ao the H-,.,;!:—are a only to rfictroi drerr ' but toswav the <- rtneils ‘A ami di.e ti:« gem .•„! k 1 _ vast Re | ’ablic. They role in fi* l ' tiV o : !,y fl;e power ] n ■ rr-.e.r, gi.' at ir on monopoiß'-J '.vim ii lii'M.ya, ctyblcs the vx-'H" i", i'i uniry t.. en.-iave ti:cigr.t>r, M ; ’ ml' nt,: !in our national T,!r ' 1! civ krt u.vn and biiitv 10 ic:.)' the icrtur.o or sju'Cts oi nr.i itmus aie liie people vviio are lO'N* th- ills that ’have 1-chi I'f] !nod it i »oi’ these that I sjx-tts. irate a ci no iris >.l bet" u'; 1 faett ring capitalists oi the - v -'] bighminded. generous mi'* °'j J: ; I ■ Smith. B tween then, i--:j! Rifle cr.cc, aa between * !i:-!l. 1 cull not my words--"- - hr;: -c ! leave to those fame or favor. The J.iircß'”'-a*” : 1 to; ini ml opinions '^ r ' y f" n( to ii oral; and to motives. . pi:m tvi •• ver manifest a vttde the rights or impef - ; . , "hers’ " h.ea M the ■- ■ ■