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POLITICAL,. To tin* Pco;>so o! Hrorsin. 1 submit to you, for your mature e.ou-1-'- ra tion, four reasons why the pro *< dings *>l he late Convention should not bo II c !: <". Ist. Because it gives t!:o mi .-oriiy, the whole rule, alu! power of U mv. r..i ut over the majority of the people. 1 ' in stance, t!7 counties, eotitain*;*. .**:'■■■;■*■' on of !31,004, free whit iuff.bi* . lie i.e proposed alterations to the constitution, il ra tified, w ill he represent! and !.y 00 in. to! ■ • ■ the Legislature; while *J ■ ren.aii.;. •'» two Counties, contain ; ;' a ; tm; • 1 I l»14 white inhabitants otdy, v. il !«• r; . . ti led by 73 Meinl), rs in the I. : JSv dividing the 132,614, w!i':e!i is tit.m!.- r of the minority, by 75, which is t! nutnher by which they’ WC represent and, it v. ill give vou 1731 persons to each ripnsm Now adopt the same fair rule Kti 1 u ty, and give them a representative lor ever. 1731 persons also, and you will find that tin 09 members allowed them, will only repre sent 122,889 persons; leaving a balance of 53,115 free v.hile citizens of the stale, be longing to the majority, not represented at all; which is equal to the loss of 3- representa tives to the majority. Is this fair, just, or li beral? But what would he the < vil conse quences of this com e ? 1 answer, not only the enactment of all laws would be placid in th« power of the minority, but, by the elec tion of Senators to Congress, it would give to them the entire contrul of the interest of the state, in that very important branch of the Federal Government, and by the election of the Judges and the other officers of the state, the life, liberty, and property, of the many, would be completely under the control of the fete. For in all of flios, casis, a ma jority of one vote in a joint ballot of tin; Le gislature, will secure an election. But again, in the event that a candidate for Governor should not get a majority of all the votes given in at an election, the Constitution pro vides, that the two highest names shall he re turned to the Legislature for theirchoict, and that a majority of both branches, in a joint ballot shall make the Governor. Thus it i clearly evident, that the minority of 135,61-1, can make a Governor against the united vole of every representative of the majority of 131,004, notwithstanding the Constitution has restricted the people themselves, under an individual exercise of the elective fran chise from making a Governor, unless it is done by a clear majority of all the votes given in. Here is a beautiful consistency indeed in the constitution; the people denied the power of making a Governor, unless it is done by more than one hail of them. lit it gives the power through the instrumentality of the Legislature, to 155,000, to do the same thing in opposition to tile wishes of l- l ,000. When will wonuers cease? Slid. Because the inequality of represent :t_ tion, the great evil of which the people com. plain under the present constitution, is increa. ted instead of remedied, by tiie proposed al terations. For example, under iho present constitution the 57 counties, containing a population of 131,001 white inhabitants, are represented by 85 members, which is one member for every 21,800 persons. While tile 62 remaining counties, containing a white population of 153,614 are represented by 91 mnL-infl nr.n mninl.ne fi.r r»lh>ry 1 l** ! persons, this shows plainly an Inequality of 759 persons to each representative, in dill" r cut parts of the country, and constitutes tiie strongest objection to our present Constitu tion. To remedy tiiis great evil, was the pri mary object, for which the late Convention was called by the people. But what does the alteration, the offspring of that conven tion propose? To give to the 27 counties having a population of 161,004 white inha bitants, 69 representatives, equal to 2023 per sons for each representative—and to the re maining 62 counties, containing 153,014 white inhabitants, only 75 representatives, equal to 1781 persons for each representative —producing an inequality to oaeli repri sen tative of 842 persons. A beautiful remedy thi sis indeed, which increase;-the evil 1! per cent, or produces, a v. i.ler difference from equality of 63 persons, to every representa tive. 3d. Because the proposed reduction, is -t sufficient to produce any salutary i fleet upon the interest of the great body of the people : baton the contrary, the reduction ot the tax es effected thereby, will produce a saving, mainly to the richer, and not to the poorer classes of the people. Let us examine this position. Let us examine this po ition. — Suppose the reduction of the whoK tax at 820,000, (a little above the real amount.) The whole sum must he reduced r iteably up on every item of taxation—therefore the ne gro tax, —the town property tax —the Bank Stock tax—the Land tax—and the tax upon the Merchants stock in trade, all claim their equal reduction with the poll tax; the only one in which the poor man is interested.— Now the Poll tax is assessed on those persons only, who are entitled to vote, and it is a rea sonable estimate for round numbers, to set them down at 40 thousand. This would make Hie whole poll tux of the state 6" 12,530 Whereas the general tax is fairly es'inn.tcd at 8 130,666 —unking al! the other items ot taxation, bear a proportion of m arly 12 to 1, with the Poll tax. The saving then to the whole of the people of the state, who are sub ject to a pell tax, arising from this wonderful reduction of 820,000 in the taxes of the state, is here fairly estimated al $ 1066, or about four cents to each person. Take then into consideration the fa- t, that the four cents a head, (and which constitutes a part of this sum) is saved to the rich man, ns well as to the poor, and that the whole of the residue of the §20,000, say $18,534, is a saving to the Negro property, and money tax : And I submit the question to any candid man who lias three grains of common sense, it the ad vantages of this reduction, are not much men favorable to the rich, than they are to lie poor. Vet the poor man's ears ar. alum, t deafened with the continual cry of “ rote for ratification., and yon trill nave Bgo ' ••<”!!! Such a palpable u.d liameful attempt to im pose upon the poop! , calls loud:;, ft r tm-ii mdighation, and show • tic great me < 11 fm ' a prompt exercise o; th< r l-cllcr judge (Oil the subject, by r- J- t tin,' i p;e, • would barter the rights of iff* m parity, to ariUoerutir minor, ty, fur the pr. . t . of four ceuLi ahead i.i !' .it. . 4th. And Ik-ciuim * ~•••• and ana * went interfere** with (he - tdd m and b.. i* of rapfcKfritatio.i in the litu'ion, umnitl.nr ♦*ed by the people, and inconsi. ti tit with the j IJ**»t conflicting inter* H’ the '-"Jfitrv; r | reconciliation of which, can alone secure | peace and happiness to the lire; I- r any j form of government whatever. For instance, | i considerable* effort was made in tiie cooveii- j lion that formed the Federal Constitution, to; deprive the slave holding States of a repre-j =ontation in that Government, equal to the wealth and population of their section oi country ; by depriving them of the enumera- j tion of persons of colour, in ascertaining the j census of the representative population of the! states. It was contended by the stat's hold-! ing slaves, that they ought to he numbered on I the ground, that they composed the great i effective labouring class of their population,! and tlr.it as the taxes fur the support of Gov- 1 eminent would be mainly derived from those j sections of country, which exported the iar- ! gi st quantities of produce, and conse qucntly,, would become the largest importers of for.gn j articles. And as those articles of cxporij were in;.inly the product of the labour of tiie ; Idacli population of the sections of country,! where- they resided, it was but an act ot jus tier* to those states, that they should have a j voice in the Government, for the protection : of this great and important merest; equal at j least, to the advantages the (.'overnn.ent dr- ; rived from their labour, as a part of the popti- j lotion of the country, it was finally agreed,-j that if the states would suffer their slaves'to j bear a portion of tiie direct t, res of tho gc.v-; eminent in times of war, &c.—as well as the] indirect in times of peace, that they might be I enumerated in the representative population of the states, upon wliat is now termed the feden 1 basis. Bo that it is clearly seen, that j if tiie slave holding states had not received on I equivalent in the constitution, by increased, representation in the government, that they n v. r would have submitted 1c the imposition of burthens or taxes on their slaves, either directly or indirectly. The same | osition hold good hi ihe adoption of our state con stitution, and it was agreed, that ns an c oin va lent for the right of the Government; to tax pi rsons of colour, that the counties iri which they reside, should have tho priviledge. of enumerating them, upon th£ principle of the federal basis, as a part of their representative population. (This priviledge is not secured to the masters of the slaves, bat to tho coun ties where they reside.) Now 1 lay down a plain proposition addressed to the understand ing of every man : Is it not, or ought it not, to lie the hist object of government to secure the highest inter! sts and happiness of the peo ple under its controul—and when the.jseople themselves are the conservators of then own rights, is it reasonable to suppose, that cm class, would yield a vital right into the hands of another, and place it under their exclusive control, without any security whatever, that the power would not be abused ? If therefore die government should now deny to the" slave holding counties, tire right of numbering their slaves as a portion of tiie-reprcsentativc pdpu latum, then it must relinquish the right of taxing them, for it is altogether idle to sup pose that any people will for a long time to gether,subnet to be compelled to bear an un due proportion of tiie burthens of tiie govern ment, without having secured to them, an equivalent in their advantages. And if the representation of theslaves is denied,anil the payment of taxes on them refused, the deficit oftiic slave tax, which is upwards of $09,000, would have to ho added to tiie poll-tax, in common with the otl'°i* ttl.jue.t-i of tnvation * making the increase of the burden to the poor man, ten limes as great as the advantage he would gain by a transfer of bis legitimate rights ami liberties for a few cents. But you are told in connection with this subject, « that-the poor man is now put upon a footing with the rich man’s slave.” Never was there a statement more palpably false, cr a position, more deceptively taken. Suppose a county entitled to two representatives, ori the white basis; who votes for them? Every tree white man who has attained the age of twenty-one years—who has been a citizen of the state one year; of tiie county six months, and who has paid all lawful taxes required of him by the government! Stifino.'R ’* .*;:nc county, on the federal basff, cmri;; representatives; whovotes for tlu'm ? Do not the very same identical free white citizens, qualified as above stated? How then can a r.rgra be put upon a looting with the poor man ! 1 submit it to you common sense, if the. contrary is not Ihe fact: that the poor man has all the advantages of ihe rich man in vo ting, (or he votes for the name number of members, that the rich man dors, and of contrite must have the same number of votes : whereas the rich man is paying' an additional tax on his negroes, which the poor man docs r,o! pay. Therefore, while tho poor man derive? all the advantage of the. representation of ihe negro population, which may happen to be in the county where he resides, by voting himself for an additional member, bo also derives an important ndvnrffng** from the tax paid on tin negroes, in as much as it has a direct tenden cy to lessen that which is paid by himself. Permit lrie, Fellow Citizens, to ash your candid examination of the reasons, herein submitted to you. Why vtfn sliouM not vote for “ Ratification and suffer not the shame ful, degraded slang of the country, about the poor man’s rights to mislead you. Rely upon it, the more you examine inter this matter, the more you will lie confirmed in the fact, that the rich anil poor man’s interests ill the same community, arc Inseparably identified, and. whatever goes to tiie injury of tho one, equal ly bears upon the other. Our government is correctly predicated, upon the dependant con dition of every class of persons upon each other; and however widely the nature of this dependence may differ, yet it is tho strong ligament that hinds tis as citizens together; and he who would break it, by disseminating error, for the purpose of producing discord among the people, or in any othi r way, is worse than a traitor to his country. The writer of this at tide is a plain man among you. One who does not seek for either office or distinc tion, nor can he boast of wealth, beyond the common lot of his fellow citizens, lie there- I Jic believes that he !.. -a higher claim to | their candid attention, Ijccae-u there is a per., feet identity ui interest between himself, and . itie-gr. at mass of the c million people, to whom | tiles ccsi) side rations nr** particularly addr.ss- 1 id. A CITIZEN OF IIA LL* v * K i-Meu.i—'l In cnebrateii Annas; Kendall, XX ho i*; .supposed to hold nil the powers ot tin* iv.i cittjvcr, mid olio ol the { Kitchen Gnbuici, lotiiio his appcainiice I yesterday in Wall-xtrei t. Ile veiled iisl ! i* 1 'll i urna.ty n. the <*ch;l)iailed Hindi Hawk; and had he retimim and visible foil any considerable time, would have at-1 trn 1 ted v.. glent a crowd t ttwi him. I GEORGIA TIMES ANSI STATE RIGHTS’ ADVOCATE. h'romthc llaccrhxll (Mass,) Iris. geokgia missionaries and ai- BANY REGENCY. It will be recollected that, when Governor Lumpkin, of Georgia, pardoned (Messrs. Worcester and Butler.) much speculation was afloat relative to tiie secret inkuence which had brought about so unexpected a re sult just in time to save Georgia from being subjected to the Force Bill. Juno and cir cumstances bring all things to light. An c lcction for Governor is to take place in Geor gia. 'i':ie ce.utost is a warm o:: ; s nt incumbent. Governor I.timpkin,am jor Crawford, are the opposing candid .s. The ele ;t;oii will turn mainly upon 11 1 ■ ■ cir cumstance which led to the pardon e.f tin missionaries. The supporters ot Cov' rnor Lumpkin justify their release of the mission aries appealing to his magnanimity and e; *:n enev, r.gret ing to comply with the com! lions ri quired of them, that they should leave the. State. On the other hand, the friends of M ; - jurCrwford maintain, .that the missionaries were solicited to accept . fa pardon by Gov ernor Lumpkin himself, tp which, aft; r much entreaty, they finally consented——'To coun teract the eii'cct of this assertion, Governor I.timpkin has caused the publication of a number of documents, among which ere two letters ti»m leading members of the Ml.nny iiegenry, wti...'' solve the tnvs-l- ry, and show plainly by what n. ons tiio nussu.inrira v.- i. released, the stern ana unvieidin’r <>ovc.*..-r Lumpkin made pliable anti v ty e.oruli sevi.- ding, and lova! Georgia, saved from t!. terrors of the force bill, framed solely for t!.*. meridian of i-'outh Carolina. There is something about t!.:x. I/Usines: worth looking after. Who does not recol lect the determined, not to say obstinate, stand; which this same Governor Lumpkin took in refusirtg to show any, the small*--', favor to Messrs. Worcester ami Betfdr. Be fore tiie sovereignty of the State should re ceive the small* s! pm tide of an injury or the least moiety of her rig-tits should be ttilYins’ed upon, or one stop which had been taken i.i r>- gard to imprisoning the missionaries rhould be retrae.ted, tiie Governor, the Legislature, the judges of the Courts, anil the militia, were all ready to perish in tiie last ditch ! But, r. ader! have you heard something of the Albany Regency, its powi r and influence ? That R-goney is no creature of the imagfim tion. It is real—te-o real not to he fe..red.' It makes and unmakes Presidents, and mouhis Governors to its pleasure, hi all money speculations its power is supreme, with the exception of the l hilled States Bank, an insti tution which it is aiming' to demolish, or | bring into its wake and muter its control ; anil, in this attempt, it will succeed. This Regency, last wind i, wished to have South Carolina punished for nullification no tions, but was anxious to exempt Georgia from the same punishment, hreaUsc the !nt t r was a Jackson State. Many a trick ha.*- been devised to got one of two rigttes whipped at school, and not unfreqncnt'v has the greater rogue of the two, by the interpo sition of sou e interested .third person, es caped “a reward of merit.” f-'o with Geor gia : she it was that first set the fashion of nullification, by proclaiming from her house tops and high places, and through her public journals, her determination to disobey the mandate of the Supreme Court of tho Unitml States, and rf.-ost unto death ovt ry ;itt‘Omj.t,oM the part ot the General Go; nnuent, to set the missionaries in the Penitentiary of Geor gia at liberty A responsive Axiiin from ihe President,only made the State more confirmed in its determination. By and by South Car olina thiows herself hack on her reserved rights, and preaches nullification as well as her neighbor Georgia ! Tut, tut ! this is a not her affair. Georgia must sit upright and have her face smoothed down, that IWtnn Carolina may he whipped ! The Governor of Georgia must pardon the missionaries, no that the Proclamation and Force Bill may (»■ used iu w hipping only South C roh'na. Os course the Albany Regency commences its 'operations to bring about this desired object. ■ 1 t’.-rs before rcfeircd to are* inline dlately din; •;;i*hei! to Gov- i nor T/.unpkiu. Oue of them is sigu-.d by Sih.s Vi rigiit, jun. (U. S- Senator,) Azajruli C. Flagg, (Comptrol ler of ihe State of Now Yoik,) anil John A. Dix, (Ai'jut.iut Genera! ;) ami ihe. other by William L. Murcy, (now Gevenior, turn L. Senator,) 11. 11. W ull.vorth, (Chaueeljcr of New Ye:L.) G. C. Bronson, (Attorney CL. n - Simeon Do Witt, (Surveyor General.) John Savr-gej ((.’href Justice,) Daii-.l Sutli-- r -1 mi!, (Judge of dig Supreme Court,) anil some others. All those we have named are mem bers of tlic R.'geucy. Thi) ethers, wiio si, id one of the letters, were probably induced to do so i>it of Liciidship anil persona] logard for Messrs. Worcester and Butler, 'i luso letters justify the course of Georgiu-acknon 1- edge Ihe justice and equity of tije imprison ment —hut urge the release of the missiona ries upon “political reasons.” “We now speak as politicians,’ say these gentlemen.— They then allude to the affair between .South- Carolimt and the General Government, ami appear very anxious that all danger of any such cenffiet between Georgia and the G. ne ral Government should In; put to rest! This, they believed, could be done by the pardon ing of tho missionaries.' They worked the thing to a charm. Governor Lumpkin un derstood their cue, an.! immediately i.-su- ff his pompous thing,—we know not wlr.* else to call it—granting freedom to Messrs. Wor cester and Butler. Had Governor Lumpkin maintained the same independent or de'h r luine-u stand, in regard (e> the meddlesome in terference nf the Albany. Regency with tin internal affairs of Georgia, that he previous!*.' did in regard to the judgment olgthp Siipuui Court, he would have indignantly sent their letters home to their authors, with the infor mation that Georgia was not so great a fool as to he obligi and to send to Albany for informa tion concerning the best method to manage her ownl>u;;iiics - But “eireumstauet s alter CUOCS '” Mr. oji. .A'r. I.ongacrc, the eminent Portrait Pai.,*. r r and Engtavi r,“!ias (says the National G i zettf.) ‘fietnrried from (lie se.it of Mr. , ,;j. smi in \'irginia, uhither fie went in ord. .• io i obtain tho liken* vs of that illustrious P not, i lor (he .Vitiom.'l Portrait Galh rv.” ’I he r.. semblnncc lias been pronounced nearly T . 1< cl by tbe* intimate friends of Mr. SLrh.-on. Tiie original is now upwards of eighty vear* old: in hi» look tin re is all tho vitality of a mind the must lively, acute mid obsei, ant. i Who w ill rot rejoice at the long coatin'! mee j oftltc In ;»lih iniJ ftculti* , n hi'-h arc tim oj. I do a*i rl I>i;inor Sq oir. McDuffie. It is known to most of our readers, that» Public Dinner w as given to Mr. McDuffie, in Ai'.'-ie*. the late Commencement. Some of our EditorlUi Brethren, have been indiscri minate in their censure of a!! personsco:i cerne::," and scu-rc in their animiulyersious upon Mr. McDuffie, in presuming, as they s;.**, j .agmalically to intermeddle with the i j-.r.r.itand polite sos Georgia. Foretir own J part, w o cannot, if v. e felt Uispoged, drive cur j feelings into tiie state 'of'cxnccrh'ntion, w*!nch , would influence us to condemn unqualifiedly . the course of those, who gave the invitation,! or thi •; uiiiet of iiim, who .. icepted it. Him j ]it cet.i to ti:is, that a ilistinguisiied itidivnlu- Lil of a Sister State, cannot visit our own— I .-amict attend a public Commeneetncnt —w ith out hxvirg attributed to him tbe .worst of mo [ live?, and the me t criminal of dcsigii?? 11 lpolities are introduced, must his rrtnatli he l-Krmeticolly s alcd, lest be subject himself i*o the imputation, of trying to influence pub* ;i!.c opinion.—of interfering with questions .vitli which, he has nothing to do ? It (fiends I —yea, political friends —to-' ..iff?! a v.iiiing jiess'to testify their approbation of his course, lml pay a tribute to talents, t!mt Have been t*ic*o! ssfuliv exerted iu vindication of their jrinciples, who is injured thereby ?’ whose tights arc restricted ! whose privileges arc 1 lftninished ■ who in short, has a righttnoom- I j (.lain l But it is said, the time was innuspi ciotiß—and ibc pla**u was unsuit-.ble. for sue li a manifestation of respt et. Did it inti r nipt tho proceedings of the institution, or inter* J idie w ith the arrangements of the day ! Had 1 >t in truth, any thing to do with Cotr.ii, *ncc | merit ? If political discussions arc to lie pro | hi Idled; and political arraiigei-nci.ts are to be avoided—weft tfrd gned—make the interdic tion go in i nl, —make Jt obligatory, it v«i eat:, oh all:—but if yiiu v.d' meet in tho ( ullage Chr.pel, and before flu* * Students of the In- stitution, i*. the tallismtis; f a>; eagry d'*. at *, discuss questions, that effect our ;ir*,t.j;'al pros perity, and political happ:.*: —forcona:si"ff* cy’s sake,deny not the right, question r<f*t the preprictv of other.-* licnriug at sortie place, separate and ilist ..etTrom the University, a 'distinguished Citizen e.f another" State, di's cetfrre eh the same gifejeets, in' a style, and I manner, ehiraeterized (at I fist)' by equal a hilitv and Southern feeling. We believe how ever, that it was tuff "mnppropffate to honor “ talents uht to talents are < ifftivati-r 1 .” lint it looked 'li!-..* int, ri'if and iiin ; v.itli err politics. Indi e<i 1 I>o f!:e rights of the 6 ‘afet belong to Georgia 1 Is the ;■;rcreigrity of the States, ..entrusted, exclusively, to her care ? Is she alone, in times of danger ; when, pow i r is usurping right, and authority is sanction ing the usurpation, to interpose the, aegis of her protection? And must no one blit a Georgian—even if request! ,:—speak within the limitsuf our Station a" subject that oon *cen s njl, that agitates cf-ry bosom, that in terests every State, that is big, in all"ptoba bilitv. with the destiny of our country ? It" the doctrines of Mr. McDuffie TO;ffrtfc, and his prineipb s cornet, there is no time more lit for their dissomfninatibn than Commence ment, and if tlirydm false and uosotind, there is no place more suitable, for their refutation and destruction, than Athens ., The whole affair, no doubt, was unpremeditated, and purely accidental—and although we differ with Mr. McDuffie, in many of !iis political sentiments and principles, yet, all who arc not biassed by prejudice,!?; corrupted by in terest, must admit, that lie has done his coun try some service, cm! his day and generation some good; and we do not regret that he found.even in Georgia, men, who were dis posed to treat strange's with civility and at tention, and if their talents and services jus tified it, with marked distinction. Such fas tidious cautiousness ve noncimi -uel» sn -prc-tnc selfishness wc condemn—and such 1* artless illiberality wc deprecate. D ash. News. [From tiie .Camden Republican.] Such a rtatcof parties as now exists.in tiac baited fftutcs. was, perhaps, never known in any oll.ei* period of our history. tVe fimlAhe Ruimusts o! tiio-iNoith, and tec Union State llighl it.cn of the. South, i.i -peifcct e.xtacv v. itliUnp sanro IVeaidant and tho aaiiieadtniii . •trr.tnwi. V. e find Daniel Webster and those *.v1.0 denounce the doctrines of Daniel \\ i li st; r, as abominable anil heretical, firmly uni ted in offering the most hountiud praises and* a.lulatioii to Gets. Jackson 1 It seems to u~ impossible that t!ros« who profess to be iol lowers of the doctr; i. sos ’9t> can reconcile* tneir support to the Fresiuent with their pro fessions, upon any other ground than inan v. u.sliip. Is thy Freclamation a State Right iiocnment ? Not a single man, so far as wc know, iu tiia l mted States, has ever had trie hardihood to avow it ? W ere the* Bloody Bill ant! the Message which recommended il State* Right measures or theories? Wo presume; no man will undertake to say so. But then w me to!d, that all Gun. Jackson s consoli dation consists m theory—practically, his ad- j iuiuislralion is an excellent on;:. And we* i arc cited to the splendor ol his foreign uego- I eiaiions—bis veins—his feats in reducing ihe l.aitr—as proof ineonicstihle that hois a tho reugii-going friend of the Iligiitsof tin* .'Staffs. His I’l'c-iil.tiuatiori to be sure is imfprtun .te*— not exactly rigid in point, of form. 50 s :v Li. 'an i.uii'ui tes ol *\ irgiina. i.’iit the.*; it is ail liicory. i lie President has nii.'iimieistoo ! or misreprescideil. I tis practice* is excellent. | Now, is the Bloody Bill a theoryJ If so it jis ceriamly less ef!n*ucious than some of its ardent friends in the Booth l*..;*. ; r< prescnteil. j \> e have State Rigid men who support it, because, they say, ii has put mqivii Soutij ( "aro bna in asserting the Rigid of the States! '1 *;i is logic, for the people. i ic -Xorth lias gone over t,> the I’resident hecruse* ius administration is a funeral it pleasct; Mr. Wcl .der. lie crrtilir s (lint vioii. Jackson uudi.tstuijiis pei iectly* tiie iloc* trine of federal prerogative. lie raid eo j r; i i'is Pittsburgh speech. 110 entered cordially j into the support of the I’ri sklent on ibis ae ! count. The President asserts at the Rip Raps j *ff:. In; is 111 Duncerstood. Pray who misun- 1 ■h m'aiids him? Is it Mr. \V. hstor or Mr. Ri chic? V. brie-in is lie misrepresented? 1 i h" made to lie too !*"( and. rr.l I,*, ]*.lr. IVebsti r I r l.m KepufeHean hy Mr. RiV hie? Tin. sc , : stntis have hern a.-ked a tlitnisr.iu! tk.ics, m:d lio answer ii: s evi I* bn a |., , nl. If lie is not ccrri"i!y understood or repot*-" tee!, J. t tis have the ; rcc:.■ ** i rrors correctctl., II will lea Ihreub :.n tn.-k to accomplish it,! ami permit (If Federal party of the North and the Union p utyof the Sctilli It) necupv i llm pnsitioii.! in which tiieir rcipeetive theo retical j.roll .-si,n,s place them. * lor cniumii; ore op' ii fer the effort. \\ ho will umh.rt.ak-- ! :l ' s’s>s££.o:s* !V. i —— l Euglaiul. . We have hcen favored with t!ic perusal of j a private copy of Mr. Grant’s bill for the fu- , tnre government of the immense empire in (he East, which forms a part —an increasingly important one, —of tile British dominions. — VYc cannot enter into all its details, but in tiie confident belief that, in all its most im portant enactments, it will not fail to receive the sanction of the Legislature, we venture to congratulate the Government, ami espe cially Mr. Grant, its chief organ in this and nil matters relating to India, on the recogni tion, in this H;-t, of principles the* most enlight ened 'm! liberal; such as are clearly calcula ted to extend commerce, to raise the moral character of our Eastern fellow subjects, and to cement more closely the union of both empires, by the''strong tics of a community cf interest. - The following are among the leading de tails of the Idll : Tiie china trade is to he opened to all Brit ish subjects, from anil afti r April next. The Company is entirely to lay aside its comtnefeia! character,' and assign to the crown all its commercial assets, of whatever kirn!. Lull liberty is civ; n to all British-horn sub s jocis to t o to, nod r< side at, all ports and pin. ! cos now belonging to the company, without I licence: and this libeity may hereafter he ext tided by tlie Governor General to other placrs. Liberty is also given to all Biitish-horn sub jects to hold land, for any term not exceed ing GO years; and, by consent of the Gov’r- O; m ral, cither by law, regulation, or license, for any longer term. Slavery i.s to he totally .abolished in all our Indian possessions within four years; aim in less time if it can he i ffcct< <1 by regulations mid t the authority of the Governor-General in Council. No difT: r :;;ce of religion, birth,descent,or ccle.r is to he ary obstacle, per sc (Hear this, ye West Indians!) to the hold of any otlicc, place, or crnoiU.''ent whatever. As regulations o." minor importance—the great principle of equal ws and rights to all classes being clearly define.;! ii.'ul recognized ; the Presidency of Fort William is it* bcelivi ded into tu o ; two bishops are to no added to the west tit one, to he in subordinate an,.''Ci ty to the metropolitan—the Bishop of Calcut ta, ho being under the jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Canterbury. The salaries of those bishops, of die Governor-General, iVc. are all fixed, and ore to be paid by the compa ny, which i.s to retain the patronage ; and un cle.-control of I’arliament, and of the Board of Control, as tin organ of Government, is to exercise, liming the continuance of the char ter, the sovereignty of India. France, Paths, July fi. The King has returned from his short journey, and hascvciv reason to he satisfied with reception even at Dieppe, which was the liivo.ite spot of the Duchess (It- Beni; during his absence the political quidnuncs has of course hcen torturing their brains, to concoct new modifications m the cabinet, hut there is no reason to suppose th.it any such will take place at present. Paris, July fi. The last accounts from Naples state that the I Inc 1 , ess of Ilcrry was expected at Paler mo about t ho end of June, and that the l’i inqe of Campo. i’rniito, the father of the Count dc Lucolicsi J’alli had prepared a magnificent palace for the reception of Ins daughter-in law, but tiie Duchess could not find he r lyis bund there, as lie had disappeared, and his family did not know what had become el him. Messenger. Italy. Paris. July 6. The state of affairs in Sardinia continues most afflicting; at Genoa tiie persecution is now directed against the Nobility, and the ty rant seems to ho-acting on the 'i’arqtiin prin ciple of striking off the beads us the idlest poppies, ‘i'tie following arrests took place between. lUih & 2tid June: The Marquess do Dmazz.i, nephew of the last Doge, (this Nobleman Laving refused to allow the carbi neers to take their scats in his carriage, was dragged through the town manacled like an assassin); Maxinilian Spinoln, an old man of 70, of a ducal family and known principally lor his.soil ohfic attainments,heinga frequent correspondent ol Cuvier; Damago Pareto, the translator of Lord Byron and son of tiie first Syndic of Genoa; Count Balbi; the two Marquisses Mari; M. Cambiaso, and the ce lebrated physician Rtiffini; the last named put an end to his existence the day after his arrest by opening the carotid artery with a toot.i jiick. All dies arrests took place on account of the mere sus|>icion of libcrslism, eras it is called per rnesuru economica. If any thing could add to our disgust at these proceedings,it would he the manner in which they arc related in the ol.icml journal of Sar dinia. The mixture of ferocity and fanatic cirau ns revolting in the highest degree; the minutest details ol the ( xecution are given, and tiien a column is devoted to accounts of the exemplaritv pietv of tiie victims, and the delight with which they- received death as an atonement for their otic ruled mother church! Mexico.— Some important movements have recently taken place in the republic cf Mi Niro, to which v.c have not heretofore call- I the attention of the public. The clio’u eof S-'anta-Anmi, ns President, was re garded as :i triumph to the liberal parfv, who have been viewed .as somewhat inclined to religious toleration. Early in June last, plans llad Been matured, by the party most disposed to give a predominating influence to Inc Clergy, to revolutionize the rrovern ment. iho first military organization of tuis party, took place at .Morelia, two or three hundred miles wist of the Capitol. Their pretence was, tint the government was ma kiiigcncroachnients on the Catholic religion, .-•till know ing the influence of’lhc President, ! they did r.ot declare against him, but, on the ! conlriry, dcclp-ed him tiie protector of their j van e,mill the Supreme Chief, otherwise the j Dictator of tin iiatihn. .*-1.1110 Anna disclaim- : id any pri tension to the honor which thev j proposed to confer upon him, and marched I an army ugnin-t the instirg. nts. The army mniinied, arid Sauln Anna was hctrayid into I the hands ol his enemies. While aliairs I •'He 10 this -late, attempts were made to . compel (lie 1 vi indent, prisoner ns he wan, to! tign « mi nr niter cf Nl, mc„, Puebla and Vcrn < r 0... ihrca'vningto -Iscot him if he refused. I lis reply was—“let them shoot me ; 1 can. lot betray my country.” He contrived also" 0 send word to the Vice President to pav 1.0 Mention to anv proclamation that might h e ssued in his name while he remained a pris >ncr, as he apprehended that forgeries of that -iind might he committed. Much apprehen. don was felt for tiie safety of Santa Anna,and ihreats were made, that if he were shot 500 iristocrats should he shot in every State in the Hi public. But fortunately, Santa Aana ultimately escaped. He was, at the latest dates, taking active measures to suppress tiie insurrection : several Priests, and others sup. posed to have been concerned in it, had been taken into custody. A letter from Vera Cruz dated June 15tli, to a gentleman in Pliiladel’ phin, says—“that all is certainly safe, anil that a death blow will certainly be given to tin I’,li sts and their faction.” fcpsviu. fieportid rapture of Don Miguel’s Fled Captaiff < lark, of the brig Splendid, at New. York from Tarragona, passed Gibraltar on the Iltii July, and spoke the brig Commerce eff the Book, the captain of'which informed him “that Don Pedro’s squadron laid captured I hat of DOll Miguel, and had put the whole coast under blockade.” It will he recollected that a Gil riltar paper of the Bth stated that the two squadrons had been seen on the 4th near Capo St. Vincent, suiting parallel with although at a distance from each other. The second edition of the Journal of Commerce oiiluiiis tiie follow ing letter, dated Gibraltar, July in. A vessel from Barcelona stoplincr ad thii port for a few supplies, gives me a moment to confirm my respects of the 2Sth jnst- and inform you, that news has just been received of the taking of Don Miguel’s Fleet hv that of Don Pedro; tint there ip little or no doubt that the war in Portugal will find a tormina linn during the summer in favor Donna -Maria. Prices continue much the same as last ad. vised ; llcurv. rv dull, and the crops of wheat, over abundant through all the South of Eu. rope. From the Saturday Keening Fost. ALABAJU. ’i’iiis important . te was originally a part of the Mississippi Territory; it has acquired a population vary rapidly, and far exceeds in •lumbers, the state from which it was taken, ai,;l it is said lirat no part ol the Western coun trv lut«- had a more rapid growth, in IbOU, that portion 0* the presi nt htate of Miss ssippi, which is now Alabama, had only 2,000 inhab itants ! Ju JBHI H contained 10,000, and when the writer of this visited it to attend a land tile, in the wiliter 011820, ilinimbcred |:17,000! By the census of 1830, IDU/kit free whites, IJ 'l 52f> slaves, total 1311,8461 This rapid increase was partly owing to the fame of its good lands and superior salubrity, its contiguity to Georgia and the Carolinas/to. which in its production and soil; it hears a strong resemblance. Emigrants from the land 01 pine and cypress forests, are pleased to see these tress in the new region to which they transplant themselves, and the rush that was made to it by the Georgians and Carolinians, was sc great, that to he believed it must have been seen. The route was through the Chero kee nation, and never shall wo forget ttia scene w hich presented itself on the whole line of the turnpike road, which the Indianscou • meted through their countryjand kept in tol erable iepair. Encampments of emigrants, of more or less wealth, were met with every morning before breakfast, having their all with them, and big wirli hope for the land of promise. One family stiurk tis particularly. A North Carolinian hearing “talk” of Ala bama, had gathered up his shingle cart and one horse anil was wending his way across the Uhatahoocliy River, as our party was passing in an opposite direction. The shingle cart, which was so frail, that a Jcrsytnan would hardly trust it to carry a load of sand, was piled up with light articles of household goods and the lean horse wended his wav as if lie had come fr.cm the land w here pigs' hunt iu coupb s, so as to assist each other when they are so foituealc as to find a blade cf grass! But the amusing patt of the cavalcade was a unique vehiculum, composed alter the fol lowing fashion Tw o rough shafts were fuss tenet! to the ends of a whiskey iron.bound hogshead, with [tins, so as to allow the hogs head to revolve. In it was placed the family bedding, A a lean milch cow acted the horse, while in a trough, above the revolving beds, Ac. sat high, dry aud airy, the children of the family ! The mother drove the cow—the cask float ed over the stream —the children Liny I • I, and the chickens w hich accompanied them, cack led and crowed in all the animation of travel ers. 80 novel a mode of transport, induced us to take a minute survey, when alipvas got over, tiie mother took a basin from the cart, milked the cow, and adding sonic coarso bread, the whole group took a comfortable dinnt r- Wo dare say, and lie old folks ars grand parents, anil have a tine cotton plantation —possibly, ere this so rapid are transforma tions in America, they have rc-travcrscil the same road in a coach and (a favorite mode of travel in Alabama,) on a visit to Ballston and Saratoga. Be that as it may. Alabama has furnished thousands of such emigrants, with all that they wished. It is much more healthy than the maritime pur* B of Carolina, and has a soil better adapted to cotton. The Governor's Missionaries. t-in-cthc late difficult! between Governor Bumpkin, am! the pardoned Missionaries b# seerns to think it necessary to send other Missionaries to this section of country. “His aids though tow, feeble, and selfish, ' as si s describes them to he, are travelling through the Cherokee country, circulating Hat"!' hills*' in favor of fl<iti/ieation, upon live result of which, the Supcrintaulinl’x succcet in re maining longer about the “Mighty 11orle shop,” so much di pends. 1 , » The Governor’:! aids, having despaired ol his success upon hisown merit, are now en deavoring to identify his prospects with that ol Ratification ; upon which ground wc willing to meet \ :n. The contest then will lm between \\ i. ,ui Lumpkin, ami Ratifica tion, and Joel Crawford, anil No Katificat 100- ‘The Handbills alluded to arc signal “ C-e'• t.i ; r,” and (lie public are furwarne i "H I "''** the doctrim s contained iu them, as the * u Pi’J* . author is an ivowed udvicjle ■■!' tho I one 1 ' tin. Turin', am! the l’r>jclauialii*u,nnd no * r * Bo edged federalist.