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By Joseph Oljsby.
MACON, FRIDAY, 3 O'CLOCK, P. M., AUGUST 8. 1862.
THE I-AST GREAT STRUGGLE.
From the North we hear that the enemy are
■training every nerve for a final struggle to
grind the South to powder. Halleck has as
hamed the position of Grand Director of mili
tary movements, under the title of Mili ary
Adviser to the President. Where that offi'X is
to be found under the Constitution and lavt of
the United States, it would puzzle the Gorilla
Dynasty to show; but the fact is transparent,
that the North, as w section, has long since
learned to look upon the Constitution as they
do upon an old almanac—a thing out of Jtte
mid of no account. Nobody pretends that the
Constitution is respected either by Prcsidentor
Congress, and nobody thinks it necessary oven
to apologize tor or extenuate unconstitutional
nets. The last Lineoln Congress deliberately
violateu express provi-.ions of the pnnatiti tion
in four important acts passed by them, and we
have yet to see that the suggestion, evon if
made, had a tittle of effect upon these worthy
legislators, although not one of them could
have denied the fact, and all were sworn to
support the Constitution. Such developments
»s these illustrate the degree of security which
B minority section could have rested under a
‘Black Republican administration of tho Gov
ernment.
But the direction of the war is not more
anomalous than the means and objects by
which and for which it is to be prosecuted.—
These have all been formally changed with the
deader, and it is now equally settled by law
and avowed by proclamation of the War De
partment, that it is to bo carried on by system
atic measures of devastation and incendiarism
for the complete and final subversion of social
order in the South. Such a war is proposed as
■was never yet avowed by iodized man. 1 he
pages of history may be eh ranged
in vain to
show its parallel in atrocity.' The Southern
people have but to accept the laws and orders
of the United States authorities as records of
fact, and every Federal soldier and officer is
due t ii« . r under the laws of the country.
With th^s new leader and new programme,
300,000 additional volunteers are called into
the field, and the enemy set about their last
effort to extinguish the rebellion and the South
together. Not a doubt can now rest upon the
l>ra
*Jatu>
slate
the
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It*
THE CONSCRIPTION—EXEMPTS.
A letter to the enrolling officers of Georgia
is published by Major Dunwoody. under date
of the 25th ult., giving new instructions in
reference to exempts. All medical examina
tions must be made by the army surgeons spe
cially appointed for that purpose, and all ex
emptions granted in virtue of any examinations
must be recalled. The rule of the exemption
is to be as follows, viz:
All men are supposed to be capable of per
forming military duty who are able to perform
the common avocations of life, and whose disa
bility is not so great as to make them useless
as farmers or day laborers.
Further : Even those who appear to be able
to perform the ordinary avocations of life, and
who have been exempted through too great
strictness on the part of the Surgeons regular
ly appointed, you arc required to re-enroll and
send them up for further examination.
These instructions, it will be seen, require
the re-examination of ner.iiy all who have been
heretofore exempted. The Major adds:
I will further call your attention to a recent
General Order, No. 45, requiring you to ariest
all deserters from the army, and all officers and
soldiers who are found absent from their regi
ments without leave from the proper authority,
and giving you the right to confine in jail all
such men until you can forward them to this
camp to be sent forward to their respective
commands.
Should any conscripts, properly liable to en
rollment or to re-entollment, under these in
structions, refuse to report themselves to this
Camp, you are authorized to arrest them and
confine them in jail until you can forward them,
under guard, and in irons if necessary. And,
to further aid you in carrying out the letter of
these instructions, you are authorized to ob
tain any civil or military aid within your Dis
trict that may be necessary to enforce them.
A Question fok Lawyers.—One of the pro
fession asks why it is that Rye Coffee is im -
posed upon hoarders every morning, when the
Confederate Statute specially enjoins that *tde
stitutes shall he put upon the same company
not oltener than once a month t We can’t an
swer.
WHAT’S TO BE DONE?
Under the new programme of the Federal
leaders, military and civil, hostilities are now
to be prosecuted in the South in violation of all
the rules of civilized warfare. The persons
mind of any man as to the fate which awaits all( ' property of non-comhattants have been
him, in case of their success. Ho may have j wittered. 1 his decree has gone forth in mil-
been a Union man—nursing in the privacy of|'***7 proclamations sanctioned bylawofCon-
his own soul dreams of reconstruction, or per- gress and the authority of Lincoln. The un
hap, concealing about his premises or person
the evidences of his loyalty to the United
States government. Be it so; he is in no bet
ter case than his secession neighbor—except, it
may he, if he able to prove his "loyalty"
some miserable indemnification will he due him
for his plundered property.. The edict of gen
eral devastation has gone forth, and he must
swim or be awamped with the community he
lives in.
We see, then, what is at stake, and what is
I fore ua. ' nless tiic Lincoln programme re
Ci iv. s a rude interruption—an interruption imj
expected by them, we may look out. next Fall
and Winter for the final trial literally of the
powers of mischief and destruction. The war
is henceforth to have but the single object ol
happy men, women and children of the coun
try invaded by the minions of despotism are
to he arrested, and unless they take the oath
of allegiance are to be driven from home and
country.
All are alike to be despoiled and plundered
of their servants and cattle, and whatever may
be considered necessary for the subsistence of
the Federal army. The track of Lincoln’s le ■
gions is thus to be made an unpeopled and sol
itary waste; and friend and foe alike stripped
of lood and all the other means of supporting
life. This is the kind of war we are henceforth
to meet. This state of facts raises the ques-
tion, what ought to be done ? How are we,
how ought we to meet this species of warfare?
Are we, too, to forget all the obligations of
mischief. All the pretences about protecting religion anil civilization and meet the foe in the
the loyal population, and respecting the pro- j v, ’ r y s pi r >t and charact< r which he assumes?—
jierty of non combatants arc dropped, and the
war is to be waged to do the utmost damage
and indict the greatest amount of misery.
Surely, then, the note of busy preparatian
ought to go up from every town, village nnd
fireside in the South. Every man and every
woman should take a deep personal interest in
every movement for the common defence. Not
a soldier should permit himself to be absent
from camp a day after he Is able to be there
and do duty.
Not a conscript should be omitted. Not a
gun, but should be in service. Not a word of
encouragement or a note of warning should he
wanting to arouse our whole population, as one
man, to nwet this grand and final struggle for
everything we hold dear on earth. We should
present the spectacle of a great people uniting
heart and soul with every energy for self de
fence. If sufficient men cannot be obtained
under the Conscription Act as it stands, then it
should be amended at once, so as to embrace
older men. We shall be fatally false to our
selves if, after the due notice we have of increa
sed Federal forces, we fail to get ready in time
to meet them. Now is the day for work and
energy. Let nothing he omitted on our part
to meet the final trial of force with the legions
ot incendiarism. Let not another Fort Donel-
son affair greet us with the incoming of the
Fall campaign.
th
the ci*
sorfo*'
Mr. Bolles is now in this city, and we are
requested to state that he will preach to the
Presbyterian Church on Sunday morning, at
half past ten o’clock, on the subject of his mis
sion. The members of the different congrega
tions and citizens generally, arc invited to at
tend. We are also requested to say that tho
pews in the Presbyterian Church will be free
on the Sabbath.
Friends Und Foes Fare Alike.—Appropos
to our remark of yesterday that friends and
foes of the Federal Government in the South
are hereafter destined to fare alike, we find ihe
following in the Memphis Appeal of the 25th
ulL The Nabers here spoken of is a Federal
Editor ; n the city of Memphis;
Retribution,—We learn that the traitor, B.
D. Nabers, was among the sufferers by the out
rages committed by Sherman’s soldiery on their
march to Memphis. His plantation, near Ger
mantown was among those the vandals visited,
and was not spared—everything being com
pletely destroyed, and the negroes and stock
carried off. The treachery of the tool did not
save him, and the last heard of him he was he
sieging the military authorities of Memphis for
restitution.
He comes a self avowed robber and incendiary.
Are we to treat him as such ? or shall we, in
respect to ourselves, merely—in regard to our
own character as Christian people—still uphold
the banner of civilized warfare, and meet the
raid of the thief, incendiary and cut throat
with the amenities of civilized warfare ? What
ought we to do ? What in respect to our own
interests is it best to do ? If we accept the
enemy’s own proposition, nothing is left but
mere butchery. If we decline it in favor of
humanity and self respect, then wc alone are
victims? What should be done?
“MORE BLOOD, I AGO.”
We give to-day copious extracts from Nor
thern prints, republished from the Richmond
papers, which vividly illustrate the spirit of the
North in the present juncture.
One is tempted, every now ar.d then, in read
ing them, to rub his eyes and ask if he is
dreaming. Are these men who now seem to
revel in the very diabolism of cruel malice, toe
self-same sweet and smiling friends from the
North a few months ago—so jovial in the en
joyment of our hospitality—so eminently con
servative—so quick to discover the beauties of
our social system—so profound in their male
dictions of those who would destroy it? Do
we indeed, find them in one short year deliber
ately concocting and sanctioning an avowed
war of extermination upon us, for no other
reason than that we desire to part political
companionship I
Yes, these are the men. The purpose is not
a fancy of sleep or a disordered brain, hut open
ly avowed in the light of day and published to
the world It is not the off-spring of phren-
zied excitement, hut has been maturing for
many months. It is nothing less or nothing
more than the last malignant stage ot the war
spirit.
The war began in a consciousness of immea
surable superiority on their part. They were
so groat they “could afford to be magnani
mous.” _ Tho Union wanted no slaves or vic
tims. The war has continued fifteen months,
aud read the change it has produced in this
feeling 1 The New York Times, of April, 1861,
pronounced the rebellion an “unborn tadpole”
which would be effectually destroyed by 75,000
men in thirty days. The same paper and sauae
editors say in July, 1802, “a profound gloom
has settled upon the public mind in regard to
the conduct and prospects of the present wt r.”
Comprehend, if you can, the wide extremes
of over confidence and despair conveyed in
these two extracts. That fearful pilgrimage
from the land of boundless hope and compla
cent confidence to the realms of despondency,
lias been travelled by the whole North in a lit
tle over a year. At every step they have lost
temper, until at last, in full view of the abyss
profound before them, their hitter disappoint
ment and malignant rage and hatred of those
whom they fully conceive to be the authors of
their misfortunes, overleaps all bounds and
literally knows no restraint
Presidents of colleges and Doctors of Divin
ity unhesitatingly consign six million of their
own countrymen (as they claim them to be; to
indiscriminate butchery and homeless nnd pen
niless exile.
Such are the suggestions of doubt and des
pair. The feeling is nrw to 1he North, nnd
when they get used to it, they will blush for
their diabolism, if they have a blush left. Un
fortunately for them they have put il on re
cord. It is before the wot Id, and tho bitterest
enemy of the Lincolnites could* scarcely wish
them a worse name than they have given them
selves. They will emerge from this wat as
bankrupt in reputation as in purse. The civi
lized world will rai-o txith hands in horror at
their fiendish cruelty, and if justification for
the Southern revolt were needed, no man will
look for it beyond tho character ot the people
from whom we have separated.
STILL AS DEATH.
There is hardly a leaf moving in the way of
news, and yet we know that the busy notes of
preparation are sounding—the elements of fierce
and deadly collision are gathering, and any
moment may break the silence with the thun
der ol battle. All our information of Stone
wall Jackson’s movements and frree comes from
the Federalists. Our authorities have succeed
ed in the unheard-of achievement of suppressing
even rumors about his direction and strength.
We get no verbal report worth crediting. The
“reliable gentleman” has nothing to tell about
Stonewall Jackson. We only know that he
has left Richmond, taking an army with him,
and we conjecture that since Pope is in the
Virginia Valley, threatening universal waste
and ruin, Jackson will be down upon him one
of these bright mornings. God send he may
strike hard and intlict such a blow as such a
man at the head of any army of avowed plun
derers, and maurauders and incendiaries, rich
ly merits. We hav- boon H i.mg day after
day for the intelligence that the blow has been
struck, and even hope it will come before this
number of the Telegraph shall depart on its
round to readers.
In Tennessee the elements of a storm of war
arc just ready to burst with fearful energy, nor
can the explosion be long deferred. From this
quarter we get verbal reports in abundance,
but so far, nothing which should be published.
Wc believe that the movement to clear Tennes
see of the Hessians has already begun, and it
will be a signal piece of good luck for Buell if
he gets out ot the volunteer State with any
portion of his army. We are bound soon to
have stirring events to chronicle and not a
doubt crosses our mind but they will be such
as will aw aken patriotic joy and exultation in
THE SPIRIT OF THE ARMY.
KEEPING A SECRET
The Richmopd correspondent of the Mem
phis Appeal tells the following of Stonewall
Jackson :
Two or three days ago he was talking with
an old acquaintance in this city, a friend of
times before the war, who thought he would
attempt to find out something of Jackson’s
plans. “General,” said he, pardon me if I ask
an improper question, but 1 should be greatly
obliged to you if you would tell me where you
are going next.” A rocky smile broke over
the stubble of the Stonewall countenance.—
“Can you keep a secret V’ asked he. “Oh yes,”
replied his friend. “Are you quite sure of it?”
renewed Jackson. “I think so." “Then, So
can I." The interview terminated in kindly
•dieux.
in the minds ol our readers.
NORTHERN NEWS.
Richmond, August 1.—Northern dates to the
26th, have been received. Charles U. Gordon
and others arrested for cheering for Jeff Davis
in Boston, on the 3rd of July, when rumors of
the defeat of the Union army reached that city,
have been discharged.
The New York Post says that the most de
voted friends of McClellan, pronounce him (the
Young Napoleon 1!! t) a dead failure; and even
the sagacity and wisdom of Lincoln is ques
tioned.
Nine members of the second branch of the
Baltimore city council have resigned. General
Wool officially approves of their resignation.
A correspondent of the New York Herald
says that four divisions of the Confederate
army have concentrated at Gordonsville, con
stituting an army of 60,000 strong.
Lincoln prefends that he is waging war
against the Southern States to restore the Un
ion ; and Seward declared some time ago that
the restored Union was not to be the symbol of
force, but of-affection. We suppose that the
Spaniel in his own nature made him think that
we could be whipped into a love for those who
smote us. The Yankee plan* for making us
like them and long for reunion with them is
explained in the New York Times of the 25th
inst., in an article from which we copy the
opening sentence:
One remarkable peculiarity was noticed by
all in the Union-square in< cling and is an evi
dence, no doubt, ol general popular feeling, and
that was, that all demands for the most unspar
ing punishment of the rebels and for the most
vigorous measures toward them, were met with
the greatest applause. From every quarter we
receive, ourselves, communications urging the
most extreme penalties of the law on the trea
sonable States and communities. A universal
confiscation of real estate, so that loyal settlers
may occupy the deserted properties, wasting of
rebel fields and harvests, the armed occupation
of their houses, and the appropriation of all
property, are some of the mildest of the penal
remedies recommended. In the meeting before
referred to one of our most benevolent and ex
cellent citizens, calmly advised sending all the
rebel inhabitants further South, and occupying
their houses with our soldiers. All these stron
gly expressed feelngs are good signs in one res
pect—they show that the people demand vig
orous action, and will sustain the Government
in it. They prove that the popular instinct
feels what has been thus far our mistake—the
not striking at our enemy’s weakest point.
The Times claims to express the more mod
erate sentiment of the North, and disavows as
sociation with the radicals and fanatics. Nev
ertheless it has reached the ground which
Greeley and his class occcnpied more than a
year ago.
Tanked Depredations in Eastern North
Carolina.
A gentleman who left South Mills, N. C., a
few days since, informs us that on Sunday, the
20th instant, a party of some fifty Yankees vis
ited that neighborhood, coming from Norfolk,
and having with them half a dozen negro men
in arrfls. These negroes, it was subsequently
ascertained, had run away from that place some
ten days previous, and had now come hack af
ter their wives and children. They succeeded
in obtaining them, and during the night about
one hundred other negroes joined the party,
when they marched off in the direction of Nor
folk. A few days before this occurrence a con
siderable number of negroes had made their
escape, and a young man from Pasquotank
county, named job Williams, secreted himself,
in company with several others, near the line
house, wilh a view to intercept and capture
them. At a late hour of the night some forty
negroes made their appearance, armed wilh
pistols and cudgels, and, discovering Mr. W’s
place of concealment, one of them fired and
shot him through the femoral artery. Before
falling he discharged both barrels of his gun,
when the negroes fled. Mr. W. was taken by
his associates to the hotel, where he died before
a physician could reach him. On the succeed
ing day a negro man was brought back by a
gentleman who found him on the road with a
severe, and probably fatal gunshot wound
through the abdomen. The stampede of negroes
from Eastern North Carolina is so great that
unless strong guerrilla parties are immediately
F-ora the Richmond Enquirer, Aug. let.
The Next IVews from Europe.
The last mails received from England left
there at a time when only the news ot the fight
ing bey and the Chiekahominy had been receiv
ed. McClellan had massed his whole force on
this side of the Chiekahominy, had merely ex
ecuted a long contemplated movement, and was
now stronger than ever—so, the Northern
journalists, with many a terrible misgiving on
their own part, bade the English believe. With
that perspicacity which the English press have
shown throughout our troubles, the real truth
was readily perceived nnd proclaimed; and
England, apprised that the siege of Richmond
was ra sed, and. that McClellan was seeking
safety in flight, had nothing else to do but await
the confirmation and the full details.
These were carried by the steamer which
sailed, we believe, on the 11th of July. The
foreign mail which went out on that day, told
of the complete repulse of McClellan ; of his
flight of thirty-five miles; of hisjvast losses in
men and arms, and in stores; how the army,
which w as to spend the 4’h of Ji;!y in Rich
mond, lay far away, brvfkeri cti! T ^aU.k-d,
under tho cover of gunboats. It l la of th
consternation and gloom which pervaded the
North ; how Lincoln had called for three hun
dred thousand more men, to repair the ravages
of his bootless war; how slowly his call was
answered, and how the necessity of a draft
war admitted and asserted in the Northern pa
pers; how gold had run up to 118 and foreign
exchange to 130.
All this it told, and more. This news pro
bably reached England on the 21st of July.—
Allow five days for its discussion and digestion,
and we are brought to the 26th of July. On
this latter day a steamer was to sail for Amer
ica. It will probably reach this continent
about next Wednesday, the 6th of August.—
It may, perhaps, bring the decision of the
French and English Governments ns to our re
cognition. They will probably have had all
the time they wish, for decision; for the sub
ject and the question are not new to them.—
They hav e been considering it in the prospect
for many months.
We await the arrival of the 6th of August
steamer with much interest and with strong
hope. The sentiment of Europe, as oxpressed
through the great organs of public opinion for
sometime i ast, indicates that McClellan's de»
teat, »t this utage of the war, would he embra
ced as the occasion for Confederate recognition.
Indeed, it is said on credible, though not offi
cial authority, that the Ministers of the Eng
lish and French governments had an under
standing with Lincoln’s envoys, as early as the
first of last February, on the subject of re
cognition. These envoys stated to theMinisters
the positire opinion that the South would he
subdued and possessed by the North in ninety
days. Ti e Ministers replied that they would
give double that time—would wait six months
to see the result. But if at the end of that pe
riod, the prediction had not been verified, the
government of the United States must not con
sider it unfriendly if they gave the Confederate
States that recognition which would he their
due. With this understanding they parted.-
This, we repeat, is not official, hut it comes un
der better authority than the mere reports tlmt
find their way into the press.
At all events it is perfectly well known that
England and France are very great and very
impatient sufferers by the war ; that t’loir opin
ion as to the result has long ago been made up ;
tint the permanent division of what was the
United States, they regard as a settled fact;—
that the war is simply one of passion, to the
distress not. only of both belligerents, but of
the laborer; and manufacturers ot England and
France.
Thus viewing the contest, it is natural that
they should take every allowable step to bring
it to a close, and promote an immediate settle
ment upon the inevitable basis of Confederate
independence.
Of the probable effect of recognition it is
vain to speculate at this time. Perhaps, des
pite our hopes, tho recognition may not now
come. But if it should he accorded, we do not
think it will probably produce war, or, at least
immediate war, between Lincoln and Europe.
True, Sewaid has told his ministers to say it
if iff, in all the principal Courts of the East.—
But he likewise declared that to recognize us
ns belligerents would he received in the same
manner, and the words had scarcely escaped
his pen before England and Franco expressly,
and in public document, declared us a belliger
ent, and accorded us all the right of warfare
that Lincoln possessed, trea to privateering,
which England hates. Seward, in answering
roared as gently as a sucking dove. He said,
in substance, that he was determined to main
tain peace with England and France; that he
had resolved to consider himself "not kicked,”
that England and France were good friends to
the Uniteil States ; that the only difficulty was,
they did not see things in the same light with
the United S attes government; that, in fact,
they did practically agree, but had different
ways of expressing themselves. It was thus
he devoured his own words and escaped war.—
The similar feat of Lincoln’s government in
the case of th: Trent needs not he recalled.
We do not, therefore, think that Lincoln will
resent recognition by a declaration of war.—
He will submit to it, and perhaps demonstrate
that it is exactly right, and Seward may en
deavor even to be gracious. But we do think
that recognition will either bring early peace
to us, or will grow into war with Europe. Be
cognition will be for an object. Interest will
have as much to do with it as comity. Eng
land and France want cotton and want it very
badly. Recognition is a step to it. It will be
followed up, if necessary, nud will be followed
up readily; for i: is "theJirst step” that troubles.
The blockade must yield, in order to let cotton
out The war must cease, as a wanton vexa
tion to commerce.
We are inclined to think that Lincoln would
not wait for this pressure from Europe before
making peace with us. Ilis people are verv
weary of the war, and are much discouraged
at the prospects. They would he thankful to
he shown a way to peace. They would re
joice as they diii when Seward saved them in
the Trent affair, and when they gladly accept
ed the long letter in which he smothered up
the everlasting disgrace.
We know, indeed, that the people of the
North, and their Government, evince only the
most diabolical purposes toward us, and speak
only in terms of the most malignant rage.—
But such things signify hut little. After the
capture of Cornw allis at Yorktown, in October,
1781, England echoed with similar ragings.—
Tho King and his then obsequious Parliament
avowed, November 27th, the determination to
press the war wilh renewed fury and on a lar
ger scale. But after wrath had its hour, rea
son began to be heard. Little by little it made
its way in Parliament, until, on the 27th of the
succeeding month of February, a resolution
was adopted and sent to the King, declaring in
tho most emphatic terms against the further
prosecution of the war against America. This
resolution was peace, and was the produce of
three months.
No one needs doubt that the Northern peo
ple and government can chafige at least as
quickly as the English. Look at the Trent ease.
Cabinet officers and Governors, and public
meetings and presses, everywhere crying out
with delight at Wilkes’ exploit, and calling for
war with England, rather than surrender her
captives ; when lo! almost the next day, Sew
ard is lauded with a genuine gratitude and joy
for having avoided the war, though with abject
surrender and dying disgrace. When the time
By Electric Telegraph
hr being shot by “bushwhackers? ?\ mo ’ 26th -- The **««« Lccompton from
.Tin ate meant the citizens of the Con- th5£ &2" essee rivcr > bnn B s the new3 of a »*>cl
An important Order.
Richmond, 2d.—Important general orders,
No. 54, from the Adjutant and Inspector Gen
eral’s office, will be published on Monday.
The first article states that the following or
ders are published for the information of all
concerned. (The next five articles are in the
form of a preamble.)
The Second article recites the order issued
by the Secretary of War of the United States
directing the military commanders of that gov
ernment to seize and use property, both real
and personal, belonging to the inhabitants of
the Confederacy, and states that no provision
Ls made for any compensation to the owners of
private property thus seized.
The third article quotes Gen. Pope’s recent
order for the arrest of all disloyal male citizens,
who are *o h'* required to take the oath of alle
jy.uuco or he conducted beyond the lines, etc.
The fourth article recites the order of Bx
Gen. Steinwehr for the arrest of live jy have
most prominent citizens of Page counV^ fighting
ginia, to he held as hostages and sufhtA ^Oee A.
in the event of any of the soldiers V
Steinwehr
which term .
federacy* who have taken up arms to defend
their homes and families.
The other three articles are as follows ;
Art. 5. And whereas it results from the
above orders, that some of the military authori
ties of the United States, not content with the
unjust and Regressive warfare hithertci*IP?/Jed
with savage cruelty against an unoffending
people, and exasperated by the failure of their
eliort to subjugate them, have now determined
to violate all the rules and usages of war, and
to convert hostilities hitherto waged against
arnKtPWrces, into a campaign of robbery and
murdMagainst unarmed citizens and peaceful
tilleiTTr the soil.
And whereas, this government, bound
in- it... W >(5 Wt obligations of duty to its citi
zens, is iliu driven to the necessity ol ado^t^ig
such just measures of retribution and retalia
tion as shall seemadequato to repress and pun
ish their barbarities; and whereas, the orders
above recited have only been published and
made known to this government since the sign
ing of the Cartel for the exchange of prisoners
of war, which Cartel, in so far as it provides
for an exchange of prisoners hereafter cap far
ed, would have never boen signed or agreed to
by this government, if the intention to change
the war into a system of indiscriminate mur
der and robbery, had been made known to it;
and whereas, a just regard to humanity forbids
that the repression of crime which this gov
ernment is thus impelled to enforce, should he
unnecessarily extended to retaliation on the en
listed men in the army of the United States who
may be the unwilling instruments of the sav
age cruelty ol their commanders, so long as
the hope that the excesses of the enemy may
he checked or prevented by retribution on the
ommissioned oliicers, who have the power to
avoid guilty* action by refusing service under a
government which seeks their aid in the perpe
tration of such infamous barbarities.
Art. 7.—Therefore, it is ordered that Major
Gen. Pope, Brig. Gen. Steinwehr, and all com
missioned officers serving under their respec
tive commands, be and they arehereby* express
ly and especially declared to he not entitled to
be considered as soldiers, and therefore not. en
titled to the lienelit of the cartel for the parole
of future prisoners of war; Ordered, further,
that in the event of the capture of Maj. Gen.
Pope, Brig. Gen. Steinwehr, or of any* commis
sioned officet serving under them, the captive
so taken shall be held in close confinement
long as the aforesaid orders shall continue
force, and unrepealed by the competent mili
tary authorities of the United Stales, and that
in the event of the murder of any unarmed cit
izen of the Confederate States, by virtue or un
der the pretext of any of th« orders herein he
fore recited, whether with or without trial, with
or under pretence of such citizen being a spy
or hostage, or any other pretence, it shall be
the duty of the Commanding General ol the
forces of this Confederacy to cause immediate
ly to be hung out of the commissioned officers,
prisoners as aforesaid, a number equal to the
number of our own citizens thus murdered by
the enemy.
By order, [Signed] S. Cooper,
Adjt. Jt Ins. Gen.
male inhabitants, then set fire to a lot of ship
timber, and taking with them their trophies,
departed. Similar depredations were commit
ted in the vicinity of Williamsburg on ihe
night of the 25th. The rebels made an inc
sion into McClellan’s lines and carried off a
large number of army beeves. 2000 contra
bands on their way to McClellan passed Old
Point on the 20th.
Jeff Davis’ mail carrier, running between
Norfolk and Richmond, was caught or. Friday
with 2,000 letters. Fifteen or twenty rebels
captured near Suffolk have reached Fortress
Monroe. P^pe took the field on last Monday.
There are a large number of deserters from
Pope’s army. Between forty and fifty of the
150th N. Y. regiment have deserted during the
past week. On the 25th. four guerillas fired
upon and wounded two Federnls near Warrcn-
ton. Capt. Williams, of the Michigan cavalry,
went out and brought in eight unoffending Vir
ginians, wl > are to he held responsible.
itlurc three u.- past Gen. Haleb ha- eraiss-
i wilt Run Gap to McGaharitown. The peo-
JJulpepper, Orange and Madison counties
y huuderstruck at the recent sudden ap-
r ance of the Union forces under Gen. Hatch.
formed and sent thither, it is thought that that comes, and the opportunity offtrs for peace
country will be entirely* drained of its slave I with the Confederate States, they can change
population in a short time.—Mich. DU. 8tat. * their tone m quickly Again,
rence, Ala.
enterc
idled wit
master st
seized
all the uie¥?
to - Vtlksb
iresidentA
beeb
sengers, ar
destroyed ij
A small
captured.
On Tuesday, the rebels
several warehouses
and quarter-
the vicinity,
is, and use j for
keep uavigat^fc* ;lU> took
liud pas-
The property
ise who ^^da^fliensely valuable,
belief -tfaff-yjpicheH’s army was
proceeded down
the Tennessee to CETckasaw, Waterloo, and
the vicinity of Eastport, and burned all the
warehouses containing cc'.ton. Another hand
of 40 rebels attacked a wagon train near Pitts
burg Landing, and captured 60 wagons filled
with government stores.
New Albany, 27 Tho Loger says that the
rebels have congregated a considerable force at
Uawesville, Ky., who have boldly and defiant
ly* insulted the union citizens of that town.—
Passengers from Henderson, Ky, say that rebel
guerrillas have appeared in strong force oppo
site Mound City, and it is feared that they
would attempt to burn the Union gunboats
building there.
Nashville, 27th.—The 10th Ohio Regiment
stationed on the Memphis and Charleston road,
between Decatur and Courtland, Ala., were at
tacked yesterday by a large force of guerrillas,
and 30 or 40 of the Regiment killed. The road
was considerably damaged. A large rebel force
is reported to be near Tuscumbia.
Forrest is reported to be at Carthage with
the object of making a descent on the Louisville
Railroad
New York, 28th.—News received to-day
from FortressMonroe state;, that the ubiquitous
rebel, Stonewall Jackson, is demonstratin
down the left (south) hank of the James river.
It made quite a stir, ana nervous people were
greatly uneasy. A later telegram announcing
the arrival of Porter’s mortar fleet, intended for
Fort Darling (Drury’s Bluff), made all right
again. Cotton dull. Trifling sales at 43a44c
for Middling Uplands. Exchange, 12&4. Gold
lower, opening at UTiallT; and closing at
116iallC|. Government stocks lower. The
losses in the Western Department by an official
count since the war commenced, are given in
theNew York Tribune at 63,500 men.
S
m i*
from ^^ashin
order sttj
r __, *iu plain ->j*|*-*flhrde
plighted faith,"iisnlting from 5
blance of breaking a promise, prevents ou?
sort to this extremity, nor do we desire to ei
tend to any* other forces of the enemy* the pu
ishment merited alone by Gen. Pope and si
commissioned officers as choose to particip*
in the execution of his infamous orders.
Y’ou are therefore instructed to coinmuti^
to the Commander in Chief of the army of
United States the contents of this letter, all
copy of the enclosed General Order, tothefi
that he may be notified of our intention nefl
consider any* officers hereafter capture!} *'*
Gen. Pope’s army as prisoners of war ,-y.
Very respectfully, yours, Ac.,
(Signed) , Jefferson D*a*9
To Gen. R. E. Lee, Commanding,
M; i:i:.b, 31st—A special to the Ad*?"
Register from Tupelo, 30th, states t?>5^
Federal Captains and five Lieutenants, ct)^]
od at Courtland, Ala., arrived tonight.
Gen. Armstrong, in his official report, sta^
that on the 25th he attacked the enemyj
Courtland, on the Memphis and Chaa
Railroad, took 133 prisoners, includin ■
missioned officers. The non-confiur,,''
officers and privates were paroled. Y
loss, :: killed and 7 wounded. Ourlr-* j
He alRO captured twelve wagons, ** J
attached, and equipments and a large*
of arms, the camp and garrison equ^J
four companies, and a quantity of gupji
eluding five hundred sacks of corn,
pot, telegraph line, bridges and trestU
were destroyed. Armstrong defeated
my at Town Creek the same day, takiij
teen prisoners. Rosencrans’ division is'
cuinbim.
NEWS FROM THE WBSTnfed
Mobile, Aug. 1.—A special despaVm-.p 11 ^
Ailvei i ser and Register, dated Jackson,^ aul l
ult., says, passengers report that Gen. Vi.t.
pigue advanced and occupied Lagrange, Tenn. 1 ^
but subsequently retreated back to Abbeville. V
The Federal;; were advancing on Holly Springs,
and were expected to occupy that place to-day.
Gen. Haggles addressed a stringent reraon-
stance' to Butler relative to two partizan ran
gers, who, it was said Butler threatened to
hang. Ruggles threatened retaliation ; Butler
replied one had been paroled, and the other
would be.
INTERESTING NEWS.
Richmond, 3d.—The Federals lauded a large
force at two points on the south side of the
James River on Saturday*, variously estimated
at Iroiu 6,000 to 10,000, comprising infan
artillery and cavalry*.
A brisk skirmish took place to-day at Cox’s
Mill Creek, Frince George county, between 50
of the 13th Ya. cavalry and 80 Federal caval
ry. Uur loss one killed, 3 wounded and 2 mis
sing. The Federal cavalry were at Graysville
at one o’clock to day.
Richmond, 4th.—Eight hundred Y’ankee cav
alry attacked 200 of Gen. Robertson’s cavalry
yesterday morning a mile this side oi‘ Orange
Court House. The Confederates charged the
Federals and drove them back to the village,
where a brisk skirmish took place. Another
party of Yanks appearing on tlieir flank, the
Confederates fell back to Gordonsville, bring
ing off nine prisoners. Federal loss, 10 killed
and a number wounded. Five Confederates
were wounded, and several are missing.
Northern dates to the 30th have been receiv
ed. The steamer Reliance, lrom Georgia, bound
for Nassau, with a cargo of cotton, has been
captured by the Yanks. The office of the SL
Croix Herald, published at St. Stephens, New
Brunswick, baa been destroyed by a mob for
supporting the Union cause. Andy Johnson
has sent Rev’ds Elliott, Ford and Baldwin to
the Indiana Penitentiary. Gold quoted in New
York at 116.
. The Petersburg Express of the 3rd has New
Y’ork and Philadelphia dates of the 28th and
2iUh. The Enquirer’s Fortress Monroe corres
pondent states that the rebel forces are concen
trating on the line of the James River above
the junction of the Appomattox and James Ri
vers supposed to be between 6l>,000 and 75,000
strong, Stonewall Jackson in command.
On the night of the 24th a company of rebel
cavalry dashed down on Gloucester Point, op
posite Yorktown, carried off a large lot of con
trabands, forced into the rebel army all the
President Davis' Letter to Gen. Lee. '
Richmond, 4th. —The following letter is pub
lished this morning from the President to Gen.
Lee:
Richmond, July 31st, 1862.
Sir:—On the 22d of this month, the cartel
for a general exchange of priaont rs of war was
signed, between Major Gen. D. H. Hill, in lie-
half of the Confederate States, and Major (Jen.
John A. l)ix, in behalf of the United States.
By the terms of that cartel it was stipulated
that all prisoners of war hereafter taken shall
he discharged on parole till exchanged.
Scarcely had that cartel been signed, when
the military authorities of tho United States
commenced a practice, changing the character
of the war from such as becomes civilized na
tions into a campaign of indiscriminate robbe
ry and murder.
The General Order issued by* the Secretary
of War of the United States, in the city of
Washington, on the very day that the cartel
was signed in Virginia, directs the military
commanders of the United States to take the
private property of our people lor the conveni
ence and use of their armies without compen
sation ; the General Order issued by Maj. Gen.
Pope, on the 23d of July, the day after the
signing of tho cartel, directs the murder of our
peaceful .i.habitants, as spies, found quietly till
ing their farms in his rear, and even outside of
his lines; and one of his Brigadier Generals,
Steinwehr, has seized upon innocent and peace
ful inbi.L ilants to he held as hostages, to the
end that they inay be murdered in cold blood,
if any* of his soldiers are killed by some un
known persons whom he designates as “bush
whackers.”
Under this state of facts, this Government
has iss ed the enclosed General order (No. 54;
recognizing Gen. Pope and his commissioned
officers to he in the position which they have
chosen for themselves-that of robbers and mur
derers, and not that of public enemies,entitled,
if captured, to be considered as prisoners of
war. We find ourselves driven by our encynies
by steady progress towards a practice which
we abhor, and which we are vainly striving to
avoid. Some c f the military authorities of the
United States seem to suppose that better suc
cess will attend a savage war in which no quar
ter is to he’ given, and no age or sex to be
spared, than has hitherto been secured by such
hostilities as are recognized to he lawful by
civilized man in modern times.
For the present we renounce our right of re
taliation on the innocent, and shall continue to
treat the private enlisted soldiers in Gen. Pope’s
army as prisoners of war. But if after notice
to the Government at Washington of our con
fining our repressive measures to the punish
ment only, of the commissioned officers who
are willing participants in these crimes, these
savage practices are continued, we shall be re
luctantly forced to the last resort of accepting
the war on the terms chosen by our foes, until
MORGAN’S OFFICIAL REPORT.
Mobile, 2d.-— A special to the Advertiser and
Register dated Knoxville, 31st, says that Mor
gan in his official report states that he took
twenty I wns, captured 1200 prisoners, and
dt ttoyed property valued at three million
dellars. Among the spoils taken from the en
emy are 2O,0“0 stand of arms, and numbers of
mules and horses.
Col. George 8t. Leger Greenfielt, of the Brit
ish army do nguished himself, charging in
front or. vu:. ' Ccas ions. He was slightly
wounded.
INTERESTING NEWS FROM THE WEST.
Mobile, 2d A special to the Advertiser A Reg
ister, from Tupelo, 1st, says that the Cincinnati
Commercial of the 26th contains Washington
despatches of the 25th. Official information
from Rappahannock county confirms the re
port of Stonewall Jackson being at Louisa
Court House, near Gordonsville with 24,000,
and Ewell at Gordonsville with 30,000. It is
their evident intention to break the Federal
lines and threaten Washington, thus to draw
off the Federal forces from Richmond. Stone-
wall’s full force is estimated at 60,000, and are
said to he advancing. Pope is occupying the
Maryland country. Raids are to be instituted
by the Tanks. The Renegades on the Rappa
hannock are alarmed, and stop in boats to pre
vent surprise. Lincoln has commissioaed Jim
Cut-throat Lane, of Kansas, to raise a Brigade
of negroes. Pope issues an order refusing to
protect private property. No soldier will here
after be allowed to guard it. Governor Curtin
of Pennsylvania has accepted the nine months’
volunteers. It is understood that the Confed
erates will hang Major Gen. McCall nnl-ss
Gen. Butler is given up. Louisville dates to
the 25th have been received.
A Yankee expedition sent to defeat the guer
rillas who were threatening Paris county, in
stead of Bourbon, were met by the guerrillas
in Webster county, and several Colonels and
Lieutenants killed. Rebel guerrillas are or
ganizing in all the border counties of Ken
tucky.
St. Loci-', July 24.—Hundreds of foreigners,
mostly Irish, have claimed the protection of
the British Consul, from the draft It occa-
sior.ed great excitement among the Yanks, who
mobbed them. The Provost guard had to be
called upon to suppress the riot. Col. Clark
son and 70 privates have been captured in Mis
souri.
Gen. Armstrong officially reports another
successful skirmish. One hundred and twenty
of his command under Lt Col. Kelly, attacked
four companies of Federal cavalry near Jones
boro’, Ala., on the 26th, and routed them.—
The enemy left nine dead on the field, five
wounded, and sixteen wounded. The Yanks
on the north side of the Tennessee river are re
ported to be retreating towards Nashville.
PITCHING INTO THE YOUNG NAP JLEON
Petersplkg, Aug. 1.—A large force of artil
lery, including many heavy guns, having been
placed in position at and below Coggin’s Point
and sighted, opened fire on McClellan’s fleet
and camp this morning at 1 o’clock. The £ y
ing continued fiercely for two hours. The Fea-
eral gunboats replied very feebly, doing no
damage. At the first round from our guns,
every light was extinguished in the fleet—
Heavy damage was supposed to have been done,
as a great crashing was heard in the river,
whether from our balls, or from vessels collid
ing, is unknown.
The Feds were evidently greatly alarmed.—
The entire Federal fleet has disappeared this
morning, at daylight, and such of McClellan’s
camp as was visible was in great commotion.
One man was killed on our side, and six wound
ed—two belonging to Page’s battery, all caus
ed by an accident to one of our own guns. All
quiet to-day.
—
a— 'wtvugu wiuj mis wit.
f Warren ton on the lat
j .iu<u rauuais can no Kept otit of that sec-