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THE GEORGIA WEEKLY TELEGRAPH.
©forgia (Slcclilij ®tlcjra])|.
I AIT EXPENSIVE, USELESS AND HUIiT-
FUL INSTITUTION.
Can any man give us a reason why the
.. . „ , T ,„ v r „ (1 Freedmen's Bureau should be kept up
Er>(te.»lo, • Mllrf Ml*., Georgia TVe think it would paEde .<
f John P F„« rt. Mr . Sam.* „ «, oxccp. He tel
of John P,
citizens of the Macon Circuit, and we would
ask for him a share of tho patronage of our
people. Ho is a son of tho well known and pop
ul;r , Dr. Tomlinson Port of MiHedgevilfe.and
•wo hope our J-oung friend’s success in the
honorable profession of Law mayjbe equal
to that of his^amented father in the practice
of Medicine.
Crops, u'c.) iu Miller County.
A correspondent writes us from Miller
county, under date of the 9th inst.:
“The corn, wheat, oats and ryo crops in
this section of country arc in flno condition.
“Tho fruit crop, also, bids fair to yield
abundantly. Pltfntcrs say, that owing to the
scarcity of negroes, they will not make
moro than half a crop of cotton. Those they
have employed are, at the present time, do
ing very well. I hear but little complaint
of them, save that they have a wonderful;
talent for stealing.”
Crops in Decatur.
Decatur Co., April 12, I860.
Dear Telegraph:—A line from the extreme
■ Southwest corner of this State would perhaps
bo of some advantage to those making cal
culations on what will be the probable amount
of cotton raised tho present year. In this
county, (Decatur,) about two-thirds of the
freedmen are at work oa farms—almost ng
negro women—they having retired to the
shade, consequently wo have barely two-
thirds of our farms planted compared with
1839 and 1800, and but littlo over half in cot
ton compared with the years above men
tioned. Wo, therefore, cannot make over
onc-hnlf of a cotton crop in this section com
pared with former years. Farmers are about
done planting cotton and corn looks well.—
We are in the midst of spring w ith fine show
ers. and vegetAtion is growing finely.
A Subscriber.
even,
feeding
of a swarm of office holders and agents, who
draw pay from the treasury without render
ing any service to the country.
Georgia has passed all necessary laws for
the protection of the negro in rights of
person and property, placing him on exactly
the same footing with her white citizens in
this regard. It* these laws be executed, there
will be no use for a Bureau or other Federal
authority to look after the welfare ofthenegro,
and that they will bo is the firm determination
of her people. Nor is a Bureau necessary
now to take care of refugees, infants and in
firm, os that whole matter is thrown upon the
charity of the public; the government no
longer issues rations or provides homes for
the homeless. Nor is the institution neces-
saiy in order to force tho freedmen to labors
for our vagrant law will soon put a stop to
idleness and vagabondism. The trial of of
fenses committed by negroes has also been
turned over to tho civil authorities by order
For tho Daily Telegraph.
Negro Labor—Ilis Destiny.
In a recent trip West, 1 was very agreeably
surprised to find the negroes on plantations
remote from towns and cities, working about
The Freeclmeu’s Bureau Act.
An Act to establish a Bureau for the Belief of
Freedmen and Itefugees.
Bo it enacted by the Senate atul House of [
Reprcsen tati vi
of the United States of
as well as they did when they were slaves.— ; Am rica in Congress assembled, That there
They appeared contented and cheerful, and j establuhed in the M ar Department,
seemed to work with the alacrity ot former !? continue during the present war of rebel;
psf* The Memphis Avalnnclio of the 10th,
gives an extended report of the investigation
of tho recent affair at Gen. Forrest’s planta
tion, in which the General killed a negro.—
Cnpt. Collis, of the Froedmcn’s Bureau, who
conducted the investigation, censured General
Forrest for too liberal indulgence of the negroes,
especially in tho mutter ot purchasing and
carrying fire-arms, ancl officially instructed
him not to tolerate the practice in future.—
That seems to have been all the fault that was
found with him in tho transaction. Captain
C. is an old army officer, a native and citizen
of Connecticut.
Would the Bureau in Georgia issue similar
instructions ? It is a notorious fuct that nearly
every negro in the .State, especially those
about tho cities and towns, has provided him
self with fire-arms of some sort, in some
cases, wo learu, with U. S. muskets or rifles
and yet no one, so far ns wc havo seen or heard
has thought ot disputing their right. We
have n Stntc law against carrying concealed
•weapons, hut this is n dead letter in the eyes
of the negro population.
Tue “Dead Duck” Quacks against Geor
gia.—As a matter of curiosity and amuse
ment to our readers, we transfer to our col
urnns one ot Forney's recent letters to the
Philadelphia Press, in which onr State and
people come in for » special notice. It shows
the malignant heart cf the miserable wretch
who penned it, and as a whole is a fair sam
ple of Black Republican truth and honesty.
The Savannah Election Scene, on which he
gloats with n special gusto, we have
already shown is without the slightest foun
dation, in fact no election having taken place
in that city since the Antumn of 1805, and no
State Convention having been called at Au
gusta at any time, except# perhaps, a negro
Convention which is on the tapis to send a
delegate to Washington. The '••Irate editor
of the Savannah National Republican” is de
cidedly an amusing thought, and on a par
with Carl Shurtz ns a “first class man.”—
What docs Forney mean by the term “brave”?
Tho idea of applying it to men who have been
insulted-and kicked with impunity until it is
considered cowardly to offer them an affront,
is rather an amusing novelty in this latitude.
from headquarters, and we have no doubt
justice will be administered without partial
ity and with mercy.
Can anybody then give one solid reason
why the Freedmen's Bureau should be kept
up in the State ot Gcoigia; and the question
may be extended to most of tho other South
era States 1 It has no field for operation, and
if it had, its movements would only lead to
endless conflicts with the civil State author!
tics, and to the disruption of the harmony
now existing between the two classes of our
people.
It is a well established fact, as stated by au
intelligent observer elsewhere in this paper,
that throughout the South, in the rural dis
triers wheretbe presence and influence of the
Bureau nre seldom seen or felt, the blacks are
returning with alacrity to their usual fields of
labor, and urc contented and happy; whilst
in the vicinity of towns and cities where
tbeso government officials are over ready to
hear complaints, some of them on grounds
most trivial or no grounds at all, the negro
population, as a general thing, are idle, thrift
less, and vicious, doing no good for them
selves and a pest to society.
Another reason, still more potential if pos
sible, why tho Freedmen's Bureau should
cease to exist in Georgia and every other
State where provision has been made by law
for tlic protection of the negro, is the clear,
palpable and admitted unconstitutionality of
the Act that creates it It has never been de
nied that tlic social relations of the people
are matters that come exclusively under the
jurisdiction of the several States of which
they are inhabitants, and that with such sub
jects Congress has nothing to do. Nothing
but absolute necessity, founded oh a pressing
public exigency, could justify the enactment
of such a measure by the Federal legislature;
otherwise, it is a clear usurpation of power.
And again: the extraordinary judicial pow
ers, both civil and criminal, exercised by tlic
Bureau, have not a particle of warrant i:i the
Act itself, as any one will sec who will take
the trouble to read it. It will be found ou
this page.
If these things be so, to say nothing of the
immense expense entailed upon the treasury,
amounting to millions, isnot the government
doing injustice both to itself and to the peo
ple, including the negroes, in keeping up an
institution impotent for good and pregnant
with harm ? In view of the facts, which cer
tainly must come to its notice, we cannot
resist the belief that id a very short time the
whole concern will disappear froraour border.
We arc pretty well convinced that it is kept
here now solely for the purpose of testing the
sincerity and good faith of our people in
their professions and pledges refilling the
freedmen. We liavegobd laws—the Govern
ment itself could not ask for better—let us
administer them faithfully, and throw the
shield of their protection around the black
man as well as the white, and wc shall soon
witness the removal of the obnoxious institu
tion, or its reduction to a mere nominal ex
istence.
The Emperor Maximilian was bora
on tlic Ctli of July, 1832, and is therefore now
in his thirty-fourth year. He is brother of
the present Emperor of Austria, and on the
27th day of July, 1837, was married at Brus
sels to the Princess Charlotte, daughter of
Leopold, the lato King of the Belgians. The
Archduke Maximilian was Vice-Admiral and
Cominandcr-in-phicf of the Austrian Navy,
of which he may be considered the founder;
and the most iniportr.pt works of the empire
for murine purposes have been constructed un
der his direction. There is no.dcpartracnt in
Naval architecture, and no branch of science,
literature and art, of which be does not pos
sess a thorough knowledge* He was at one
time Governor o {"Lombardy and Venice; it
was a trying period, yet lie conducted hint-
self with such wisdom and tact ns to sur
mount all obstacles, and secure to himself the
esteem and admiration of the pcoplo under
his administration. He speaks all the lead
ing European languages; his administrative
talents nre said to bo unsurpassed, and tbro’
the Austrian empire his popularity among all
classes of people wa3 unbounded. His mother,
the Archduchess Sophia, is considered one of
the most enlightened and talented ladies in
Europe. ^
Freedmes’8 Bureau.—General Howard
has written a long letter to tho House Coui-
mittco on Freedmen's Affairs in' regard to
iurthcr legislation respecting his Bureau.—
lie urges that it is necessary, for several rea
sons, among which may be specified that a
hill signed by the Executive would give great
moral weight and power to the bureau, as its
enemies believe, or profess to believe, that
the Government is opposed to its operation.
Something slionld be done, ho also says, to
foster education. He believes it would be a
measure of real economy to make provision
for schools, and suggests that grants of pub
lic lands have often been made for much less
worthy objects than this would be. He urges
this consideration at some length. He thinks
the duty of the officers and agents of the
Bureau should be more clearly defined by
law, and not left so much to military orders.
Tho Sea Island question should be settled by
statutory enactment, the more especially ns
the freedmen who hold grants under General
Sherman's order are thoroughly convinced
that the lands rightfully lielong to them.—
The President should be empowered to retain
Volunteer officers who are needed as agents of
the Bureau in service after the muster-out of
their respective regiments.
The original Freedmen’s Bureau bill, which
General Howard wishes amended, will be
ound in another part of this paper.
Neoro Masonic Lodge.—A lodge of col
ored Masons, bearing the name of “James
River,” lias been established in Richmond.—
Peter Randolph, a preacher, and for twenty-
five years a resident of Boston, is Master, and
John Oliver, Secretary. They claim to work
under a dispensation from tho Grand Lodge
of Massachusetts, and number about twenty-
live members, Of these a'few are from the
former negro population of Richmond.—
They are exceedingly rigid in passing upon
the claims of applicants. No “common nig
gers” can come in!
Hon. C. C. Clay.—Tlic Herald’s Washing
ton special soys: Mrs. C. C. Clay returned
from Fortress Monroe within a few days, and
laid before tlic President recommendations
for the release of her husband on parole, from
such officials os General Grant, Senator Wil
son and Stevens. They all express tho opin
ion that Mr. Clay will observe his parole, and
his conduct in voluntarily giving himself up
entitles him to this-mucli consideration. Ilis
release from confinement at Fortress Monroe
is expected within a few days.
From New Orleans.
Methodist Conference—Six New Bishops—
Cbsqges in Cbarch Discipline—Schools for
Colored Children—Extensive of Jurisdiction—
Proposed Union.
New Orleans, April 14.—A report was
submitted to the General Conference to day,
calling for the election of six new Bishops.
The Committee on Changes recommended
tlio abrogation of tho probation system of
the church, making memlierskip dependent
upon the profession of faith; also that class
meeting no longer be regarded as a test of
membership, but only as a privilege; also, the
establishment of a Monthly Church Meeting,
where the interests of the Church will pass
under review.
The Committeo on Colored People recom
mend the establishment of day schools for
tho instruction of colored children. Tho
Conference adopted the suggestion, and will
organize at once such a plan for the educa
tion of colored people; also, that colored
conferences, districts and stations be organ
ized, and colored preachers be ordained and
appointed to such works.
The Bishops were requested to publish a
commentary upon the Church Discipline,
containing all the legal decisions of the
Bishops.
A resolution was adopted stating, that as
the boundary lino agreed upon between the
different branches of the Methodist Church,
in 1844, had been totally regarded by the
Northern Church, that this church remove
all restrictions, and extended its boundaries
so as to includo tho whole of the United
States.
A telegram was received from the New
York Conference, now in session at Tarry-
town, New York, requesting the appointment
of commissioners to meet their own upon the
subject of n reunion ol the Methodist family.
It was transferred to the Bishops for a deci
sion..
days. In conversation with intelligent gen
tlemcn from Texas,' Louisiana and Mississip
pi, I ascertained that the same state of things
exists in those States as in Alabama. In and
around the towns and cities, on the contrary,
is to be seen the same idle, thriftless, vicious,
thieving, throng ot negro paupers that daily
annoy our vision on the streets of Macon,
The reason of the difference in conduct of
the negro in immediate proximity with towns,
and those remote from them, is that in the
former instance the negro claims shelter, pro
tection and encouragement from the bureau,
for his idleness, rascality and general worth
lessness; whilst in the latter case he cannot
get to the bureau so conveniently, and, in
fact, he does not so well understand the
working of the machine as those darkies that
doily hang around it in the towns and cities;
for, just so soon as he learns that Cuflec’s
word is os good, or a little better, before the
bureau than a white man’s, the bureau is sure
not to get rid of that negro until it puts him
in one of its drawers with the free use of its
looking glass, brush and comb. In other
words, os soon as he becomes acquainted with
the workings of the bureau, ho must be
dressed out before he will do anything for
himself or any one else.
I lay it down asan indisputable proposition
in proportion as the negro becomes familiar
with the operation of the Freedmen’s Bureau,
ho becomes worthless, especially in and
around the cities where he has constant access
to it, and before which he can arraign bis em
ployer for the most trivial causes. In fact, te
will often conduct himself remissly for tie
purpose of displaying his self importance be
fore a tribunal where he is conscious of liaviig
the advantage of the white man. Neverthe
less, the Freedmen’s Bureau has been of im
mense service to the Gulf States by compelling
thousands of negroes to make contracts for
the present year, that would otherwise hate
been as idle and vicious as many of those
around us are known to be.
The negro works this year more from habit
than from any stimulus of gain at the end of
the year. Whilst reward sweetens the labor
and acts as the strongest spring to action with
the white race, it will be found to have verj
little to do in causing the negro to exert him
self. Nothing but starvation staring him ia
the face will make him work—and the mo
ment he gets above immediate want, lie will
cease labor, and, os a general rule, will change
his locality. My argument is, that the negro
is working better this year in the Southern
States than he ever will hereafter. Remove
restraint from him and lie will relapse into
thriftless savagisra. The people of the Sontli
need laborers and will have them, but they
will have to be imported, for the negroes will
not work when all restraint is removed from
them. Voluntary labor on the part of the
negro is a myth. He is voluntarly lazy
and improvident—and his black republican
brotberawill have an uphill business of it, in
their attempt to reverse the character which
God and nature have impressed upon him.
They have charmed the negro to destroy
him—have set him free to exterminate him—
and, just so soon as he is placed in open com
petition with the white race, he will wither
and ultimately pass away. Ilis future histoiy
in the United States will be truly a sad one,
but his pretended friends have shaped his
destiny, and there is no power now under
Heaven to avert his doom.
I wish I could present a more cheerful
view of this subject, but facts.will not war
rant it. Citizen.
lion, and for one year thereafter, a bureau of
refugees and freedmen, and abandoned lands,
to which shall be committed, as hereinafter
provided, the supervision and management
of all abandoned lands, and the control of all
subjects relating to refugees and freedmen
from rebel States, or from any district of
country within the territory embraced in the
operations of the array, under such rules and
regulations as may be prescribed by the head
of the bureau and approved by the President.
The said bureau shall be under tlic manage
ment and control of a commissioner to be ap
pointed by the President, by and with the
consent of Senate, whose compensation shall
be three thousand dollars jier annum, and
such clerks as may be assigned to him by the
Secretary of War, not exceeding one chief
clerk, two of the fourth class, two of the
third class, and five of the first class. And
the commissioner and all person appointed
under this act, shall, before entering upon
their duties, take the oath of office prescribed
in an act entitled “An act to prescribe an
oath of office, and for other purposes,” ap
proved July 2nd, 1802, and the commission
er and the chief clerk shall, before entering
upon their duties, give bonds to the Treas
urer of the United States, the former in the
sum of fifty thousand dollars, and. the latter
in tho sum of ten thousand dollars, condition
ed for the faithful discharge of their duties
respectively, with securities to be approved
as sufficient by the Attorney General, which
bonds shall be filed in the office of the comp
trailer of the treasury, to be by hiffi put in
suit for the benefit of any injured party upon
any breach of the condition thereof.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That tho
Secretary of War may direct such issues of
provisions, clothing, and fuel, as lie may deem
needful for the immediate and temporary
shelter and supply of destitute and suffering
refugees and freedmen and their wives and
children, under such rules and regulations os
he may direct.
Sec. 3. Aw* be it further enacted, That the
President may, by and with' the advice and
consent of the Senate, appoint an assistant
commissioner for each of the States declared
to be in insurrection, not exceeding ten in
number, who shall under the direction of the
commissioner, aid in the execution of the pro
visions of this act: and he shall give a bond
to the Treasurer of the United States, in the
snm of twenty thousand dollars, in the form
and mqpncr prescribed in the first section of
this act. Each of said commissioners shall
receive an annual salary of two thousand five
hundred dollars in full compensation for all
his services. And any military officer may
The Northeastern Fisheries.
Their History and present position of the
United States regarding them.
As the question of the fisheries is attracting
much of public attention, and, since the ab
rogation of the Reciprocity Treaty, may give
rise to trouble between our country and Great
Britain, wc copy below an interesting state
ment regarding them, made by Mr. Raymond,
of N. Y., in the House of Representatives,
some days ago:
Mr. Raymond obtained permission to make
lution was referred to that Committee, call-
_ on the Secretary of the Navy to send
armed vessels to the Fisheries adjacent to the
British Provinces. He was instructed to
Letter from •‘Occasional.”
(“Correspondence of the Philadelphia Press.]
Washington, D. C., April 10, 1SGG.
It is believed that Alemander H. Stephen
Vice President of the most treacherous and
bloody revolt against free government in hu
man history, has come to the conclusion that
he cannot ignore three-fourth of the control
ling majority of Congress, who so faithfully
rcjrrcsent twenty millions of people. He
finds the President clothed with almost im
perial power, and yet powerless to resist des
tiny or mislead the American masses. The
Democratic or Copperhead party, with all
boasts and hopes of Executive assistance, are
weaker than after the fall of Richmond and
the surrender of Lee; and he has probably
by this time discovered that the easy theory
of State rights upon which he so fully relics,
and the protection of that Constitution which [make a preliminary report. It might
he and his associates so deliberately defied, some interest to the House to state the cir-
must be set aside for the practical duties of cumstances which had made the present at
the situation. Men of Mr. Stephen's school tention to this subject a matter of necessity,
have done more mischief, by pretending to It grew out of the abrogation of the Reci
yield to the fate of war, than can be cured in procity Treaty of 1854. The original right
a generation of time. They come here pos- of the Americans to partake in the fisheries
sessed with the idea that they have commit- on the coast of Newfoundland had been en-
ted no offense whatever. They argue the I joyed in common with the other colonists
question of the hour with the sublime nssur- I previous to their independence, and had been
ance ot men who had achieved some grand recognized as an existing right by the treaty
moral triumph.or had escaped with their lives | of 1783. It was not conceded, not a privi
after trying to _ break down a remorseless lege granted, but a right, admitted and re
despotism. It is ridiculous to see how the cognized as a right under that treaty. The
old sense of superiority deludes these people. Americans had continued to fish there till the
No sadder instance of it coukl be found than war of 1812. By the treaty ot 1814 no
the manner in which they infatuate Andrew provision had been made for tho sub-
Johnson. We shall soon see if the great event Iject, the American Commissioners who
of yesterday will bring them and the Presi- [were authorized t o negotiate a t
dent to reason. Certain it is, while the raa- Ghent, having been expressly instructed
joritiesin Congress will in no sense abandon I by their Government not to allow the right
their position, they will not be instigated by of fishing on the coast to be drawn into ques-
passion or hatred, or seek to embarrass the tion at all. The matter had been therefore
Executive in his constitutional duties. I re-1 left precisely as it had been before, under the
grettosay that the very last intelligence from I treaty of 1783, which admitted their right to
the South is of the most gloomy character, fish, but disturbances had occurred between
The seed sown by tho President has produc- the rival fisliermfen which led to the Conven
ed a terrible harvest, and, what is worse, it tion of 1818, Messrs. Gallatin and Rush act-:
must bo gathered by those who have done j ing on the part of the United States Govern-
their ' utmost to maintain the Govern- mont. By that Convention the Americans
menh I say this with sorrow. Such ia the renounced and received the right to fish with-
present feeling in the South, and among those in three miles' of the shores of the British
in the North who support Andrew Johnson’s Provinces. That was not a concession by
policy, that every evidence of Southern dis- Great Britain, nor a restricting of any right
loyalty is denounced as a falsehood, or char-1 or any privilege. It was the renunciation by
acterized ns an attempt to create ill-feeling the United States of the absolute right to
between the sections. And yet a stern duty I participate in those fisheries, which the Uni-
demands that the suffering people, white and I ted States had enjoyed from the beginning,
black, should have a voice to speak their and which had been expressly recognized,
wrongs and should bo protected by the Gov- previous to the treaty of 1783. The United
ernment. I speak by the book when Isay that States had renounced the right of fishing
at this very moment the condition of things {within one marine league of che coast. Un
in the South is moro threatening than at any der the Convention of 1818,’ the Americans
one period since the defeat of Lee’s army.— I still continued to fish, until disturbances arose
Let me begin with 31 r. Stephens’ own State, in 1851. when the Provincial Government
which he sets up as a model, and the proceed- claimed the right to exclude Ameri-
ings ot the last Legislature, which he carries [ can fishermen to a greater extent than
with him ns aproofof the fitness of the people three miles from the coast, putting upon that
of Georgia to live under a republican Govern- I clause an entirely new interpretation, namely,
ment. Before that Legislature adjourned, a I that the line by which the three miles were
at all costs
therefore important that there
sufficient force there to protect t! 1,1
to prevent a conflict while negotiations o ^
subject were pending, if mir Uov-nm-. ■ ' ,
Ht to invite negotiations for the p , r ... , ’I
hail been i istr
security of our rights. He
to offer a resolution of inquiry, if.'.
ir Qnn»
that the inquiry would meet with
rewpooee, MI .,| that the House would,—.- .
such information as would serve as o beStJ
whatever action the House might think fittl
take. It would be seen that steps hadfc^l
. . • ..„ . aK ® | taken to secure our rights, and informant!
***£**">* tn " ( “***•••» *<**&> AT- then steps would be veiy readilj cornel
Mr. Raymond then offered a resolution >.
questing the President to inform the Hoi *
wlmt steps have been taken to protect ft*
rights and interests of American citizens pi
the fishing grounds adjacent to the Britia
Provinces, and whether any legislation
other action on the part ot Congress is i n vfI
ill/lrrmmit- nor men rr In enistifn ’• . i
Tennessee.—The Tennessee House of Rep
resentatives have at last passed the Die-Fran
chise bill by a small majority. We have never
seen the measure, but learn that it proscribes
nil persons who bore arms in defense of the
late Confederacy. Whether it will pnss the
Senate, remains to be seen. The Nashville
Gazette lias the following remarks on the pro
babilities and the consequence ot the success
of the measure:
The question is asked on all sides: Will
the Senate pass the bill l Upon this point
we are not prepared to speak confidently.—
That body lias displayed itself less than tho
House, and we do not feel that we understand
so thoroughly the mental and moral calibre
of its members. We shall wait to hear from
them before wc finally decide, that there is
any other organized body of men in Christen
dom, so utterly destitute of common sense, so
be detailed and assigned to duty under this bi ' 1 P* 58 ^. finding the election law so to be measured was to b* drawn from head-
act without increase of pay or allowances.- nake residence m the State two years land to headland ol all the buoys along the
instead of, as before, six months, as a condi- j coast, including the great Bay ot Fundy, the
tion to the exercise of the elcetive franchise. Bay of Chaseur, Northumberland Straits, the
This, of course, was intended to prevent emi-1 Strait of Canso, &c. That would have ex-
gration from the free States and to retain I eluded American fishermen from some of the
power in tlio hands of the traitors. Follow- most valuable fishing grounds on that coast,
ing this was the result of the election to which I The Amerioan Government never admitted the
your Savannah correspondent referred in his justice of that interpretation. In 1845 by a
letter oi April 3; where not only the Union I remonstrance of 3Ir. Stevenson, the then 31 in
candidates were overwhelmingly defeated by I ister to England, the matter was brought to
open and active rebels, but the Government [ the attention of the British Government. A
and loyal men openly insulted. For the ben- case was then made up by the provincial au-
efit of Mr. Stephens and liis sympathizers thorities and submitted to the law officers of
here and elsewhere, I repeat your correspon- tlic crown. On that case the law officers de
dent’s words to show how the teat-oath islcided two points; first—that the treaty of
observed by these “reconstructed” Geor- 1783 was annulled by the war of 1812 and
gians: [the treaty of 1814; second—that the claim
“One man, with a ballot in his hands, de- to draw the line from headland to headland
dared in loud tones, ‘Yes, by G—d, I have | of the great bays was a good one: Both
always been a rebel, and always will be, and | points were decided against the American
tnfnnd f/i tlia fill 1 rnluil * A nntltor I • 1 mt tlin Aninnnaii flnnmmmnnt
The commissioner shall, before the commence
ment of each regular session of Congress,
make full report of liis proceedings with ex
hibits of the state ol bis accounts to the Pres
ident, who shall commuuicate the same to
Congress, and shall also make special reports
whenever required to do so by the President
or either house of Congress ; and the assis
tant commissioners shall make quarterly re
ports of their proceedings to the commission
er, and also such other special reports as
from time to time may be required.
Sec. 4. And be it f urther enacted, That the
commissioner, under the direction of the
President, shall have authority to set apart,
for the use of loyal refugees and freedmen,
such tracts of land within the insursectionary
States as shall hare been abandoned, or to
which the United States shall have acquired
title by confiscation or sale, or otherwise, and
to every male citizen, whether refugee or
freedman, as aforesaid, there shall be assigned
not more than forty acres of such land, and
the person to whom it was so assigned shall
judgment, necessary to secure those
ancl interests, in
I
i consequence of the abro-T
tion of the Reciprocity Treaty of 1854. ^
The resolution was adopted.
Prentice on Brownlow.—Gov. Brow-1
low, of Tennessee, has waked up Prentice, j■
the Louisville Journal. Here is the result-
It is most extraordinary and most disgracJ
ful that any portion of the people ofTainttl
see, knowing this man as they all did, y 0 t, :|
to make him Governor of that State. tCI
only excuse must be that they were und^l
military law, and so not really free agents ij
his election. No other State was ever aflfcl
ted and disgraced and cursed with such !
unmitigated and immitigable, such an mL|
deemed and irredeemable black-guard jT
her Chief Magistrate. He is a parody, a cir.l
•feature, a broad burlesque on all possible Go;. I
emors. He is a monstrosity. He is a thin--1
as much out of nature as Barnum’s wool:’I
horse or his giants and dwarfs or his calf wi t jl
two heads and eight logs—four of the l e!r 'l
pointing towards the zenith. His blood I
hell-broth which Satan will one day sup wi|i|
a long spoon. They say there is fire inhitnl
hut it. is hell-fire, every particle of it,-1
Though he is but a single swine I
there are as many devils in him as then I
were in the whole herd that “ran violcatlil
down a steep place into the sea.” His he«|
is nothing but a hissing knot of vipers, nt [
tlcsnakes, cobrita, ancl cotton-mouths. Hil
never argued a question in his life, approach!
ing no subject but with fierce, bitter, coarse,I
low and vulgar objugatiocsl His tongnJ
should be bored through and through witil
his own steelpen, heated red-hot. From lil
youth up to his old age, he has had no pel
sonal controversies without attacking til
wives, lathers, mother, grandfathers, grand!
mothers, brothers, sisters, children, unck|
aunts and nephews of his opponents. He ha
sought to strew his whole path of life wia
the dark wrecks of wantonly ruined reputi
tions. lie has never had an hour’s liappias
except in the unhappiness of others. He liJ
ever said to Evil, “bo thou my good”!
has always jotted down all that he heard cl
favorable to gentlemen while professing to 14
their friend, so as to be ready for the day c
alienation. He howls venom, talks venon.
breathes venom, belches venom, coughs tI
nom, sneezes venom, spits venom, drools il
ncm, sweats venom, stinks venom, and dlif
tils venom from his nose.
said boldly, ‘I have taken tile oath of allegi-1 refused to recognize that dicision, and
anco, but the Government of the United the British Government waived it in
8tates has forfeited its contract with me, and 1845 ; so that the fisheries went on.
by G—d, I will forfeit my obligations to it.’ j The Americans enjoyed them in common with
However, the election is over, and we pre-1 the Provincials after the Convention of 1818
lw nroteclpd in the use and eniovment of the «»wevcr, me election is over, ami wc pre- me riu»i«c«is auer cue uunYcncion oi leie
fonS for Lo term of three veJsnt .n imnffid sl,me none of our renders regret that the ex- until the Reciprocity Treaty of 1854. By that
land for the term of three years at an annual
rent not exceeding six per centum upon the
value of such land, as it was appraised by tlic
State authorities in the year eighteen hundred
and sixty, for the purpose of taxation, and in
case no such appraisal can be found, then the
rental shall be based upon the estimated value
of the land in said year, to be ascertained in
such manner as thci commissioner may by
regulation prescribe. At the end of said
term, or at any time during said term, the
occupants of any parcels so assigned may
purchase tlic land and receive such title there
to as the United States can convey, upon pay
ing therefor the value of the land, as ascer
tained and fixed for the purpose of determin
ing the annual rent aforesaid.
EC. 5. And be it further enacted, That all
acts and parts of acts inconsistent with the
provisions of this act, arc hereby repealed.
\pproved, March 3,18G5.
The Fenians.
Capture by Fenians of au English Flag—Revolt In
t ae Canadian Volunteers—Excitement Along the
lake Erie Shore.
New York, April 14.—The Herald’s East-
port special of the 15th says: Armed Fe
nians captured the English revenue flags on
Indian Island lost night. They belonged to
tlic trew of the Fenian privateer, from which
they lowered a boat and proceeded with
miiified oars to the spot, under the guns of
the English war ship Pylades, and in reach at
any time of the picket boats. The flags were
surrendered without a shot being fired. It
... . .j. . . e . , is believed there were no soldiers on the
insensible to the claims of justice, so regard- is , and The Un|ted statC8glm boat winoos .
less of oaths and all other moral obligations, ki atrivcd thig raorn5 ancl anchored off the
so reckless of reputation and so defiant of de
cency, as arc the present Tennessee House ot
Representatives.
Another question rife in the mouths of the
people is: What is to become of us, if the
bills should finally pasp both Houses? It
would be more pertinent for tlic authors and
abettors ot the measure to'inquire what is to
become of them. Our people arc beginning
to recover from the long and crushing pres
sure of military domination. Gradually we
see them erecting themselves, and assuming
the port of men whose fathers stood by the
side of Andrew Jackson, on the field of bat
tle and on the political arena. Before anoth
er general election a social force will be gen
erated, that shall sweep this pigmy tyranny
from the face of the eurth. We pretend not
of redress” which the times may demand and
circumstances suggest; but the redress will
come, full, complete, overwhelming to all who
oppose it. Better for that man that lie had
never been bom, who, iu the day of trial,
shall be found striving to fasten thoLhnins of
an oligarchical despotism upon the limbs of
one hundred and fifty thousand Tennesseeans,
who love freedom nnd know their rights:
town.
Reports from Calais says that ten of the
volunteers at St. Stephens threw down their
arms in vevolt, and were arrested.
Tbe United States steamer Augusta is to
he sent to Slainu to prevent any violation of
the neutrality laws by the Fenians.
A suspicious brig was captured last night
off the coast by tho United States Revenue
Cutter Asiieuloh, and was towed into the har
bor here to-day.
The Herald’s Canadian correspondent says
tlic public indignation in regard to the secret
trial of 3Iurphy and his men is still openly
demonstrated nil over Canada, and a sympa
thy for the prisoners is thereby excited.
■ The scare is extending. It prevails along
the Lake Erie shores to as great an extent as
ing to our shores for safety.
citcment, disputes, and bickerings ate ended j treaty Americans were again admitted to the
for the present. All that now remains to be [ exercise of the right, and were allowed to fish
finished prior to the assembling of tbe con-1 along tlic coast, without reference to the three
vention is the decision whether the candi-1 miles jurisdiction. That was the state of the
dates elected can take their seats.” [ case till the Reciprocity Treaty was abroga-
But this is not all, nor the worst of it. I j ted. The American fisherman were now
learn that, by an order coming from the | thrown back on the rights which they enjoy-
President of the United States, the brave | ed previous to the Reciprocity Treaty. The
editor of the Savannah (Georgia) National House would perceive that some important
Republican, John E. Hayes, Esq., has been | questions of construction wonld arise under
directed to return the types and materials of that state of things. It would become a ques-
that paper to Sims, its original rebel owner! | tion under which treaty we were now to en
This Sims was one of the most venemeus of [joy the right of fishing on these coasts. The
the rebel editors, and is charged with having | British claimed that by the treaty of 1814 the
assisted in dragging through the streets of preceding treaty of 1783 was annulled; but
Snvannah a disgraceful effigy of the lamented | that claim could not be maintained, because,
Lincoln. When General Sherman entered if so, then it was equally clear that the treaty
Savannah, Mr. Hayes, a loyal man, who lost a of 1818 must have been annulled by the treaty
father and a brother in the service of his [of 1834; so that they were thrown back either
country, and had himself fought for the flag, j on the original concession in the treaty of
was instructed to take charge of the 788 or on the rights which were enjoyed
office of the Republican, and from that day previous to that time. However, the construc-
to this lie has conducted it with matchless | tion which both Governments would consent
ability and industry, improving it in every to put upon it would be that by the abroga
respect by purchasing with his own means tion of the treaty of 1854, both parties were
types and presses from the North. He was | thrown back on the Convention of 1818, and
rapidly creating the strongest Union feeling, the American fishermen would be permitted
speaking of treason and of traitors as they I to carry on their share of the fisheries, as
deserve, When the order to which I refer came | they were under that Convention, to within
from Washington and was presented under | three miles of the const. He had no idea
the most humiliating circumstances. An ex- J that the American Government would ever
General of the rebel army, a man who assisted consent to the drawing a line from headland
to drag the American flag through the streets | to headland of these great bays. Such action
of Savannah, acting for Sims or in his com-[ was preposterous. In the decision given by
pany, demanded the return of the whole of | the law officers of the Crown they said that
the materials of the office from 3Ir. Hayes, | the term “headland” as used in the Treaty of
including that which he had purchased with 11818, was evidently intended to mean the
liis o wn money. The order in question refers headlands of those great bays. But it so
the dispute between the two parties, Sims and happened that the term “headland” was not
Hayes, “to the jurisdiction of tbe civil courts | in that Convention at all, indicating great
for adjuslment.” The effect of this Andrew [ carelessness in the examination of the case.
Johnson decree is to ruin one of the bravest 3Ir. Stevens inquired whether under the
Union editors in the South, unless he can be law of nations, and without any treaty or
induced to recede from it, or unless 3Ir. Hayes Convention, American fishermen had not the
can obtain redress under the civil rights bill, j right to fish within a marine league of the
which is now,' thank #od, a law of the shore.
land. | Mr. Raymond gave it as his own opinion
that all those treaties were abrogated, and
Scraps. I that we fell back on the rights which we en-
Baraum is building bis own monument in be < br ': an y According ro the
the Bridgeport graveyard; 25 feet high; |hiatiS SglTe^f theftore
§0000.
all along the coast.
Prentice asks wliy_ don’t the planets cut off | 3Ir. Pike stated that this object in offering
a comet’s tail when it passes Jnmong them ? I the resolution, which formed tiie groundwork
They all have axes.
JTwenty-five thousand dollars in conscience I
money has been received iu the treasury dur
ing the put year.
A Jewish house, entire, has been excavated |
in Syria, dating two centuries before Christ.
tgr-Thc Marion (Ohio) Democrat iaone of of tbe city, at onr cemetery on tho 3Cthinst.,
the Northern journals that is willing to do)**.? ^ciock.P'M^fort^ ^ntpOBelof. deco-
Honors to the Confederate Dead.—
Wc commend to the fair daughters of Macon m T ^. lrT ^ — in „ v vml „,
the following editorial notice which we clip | rt js f ur ffislied nfter the Egyptian fashion,
from a 3Iontgomery paper: ” —
Our Cemetery—Read, Ladies. -Wc have
been requested by several ladies, to announce
that there will be a meeting of all the ladies
of this preliminary report, was not a belliger
ent one. There were a thousand American
vessels now on the fishinground, manned
by active, energetic, quick-witted meii, and
perhaps there was an equal number of. Brit
ish vessels there, manned by men jealous of
their rights. If these parties were allowed
to adjucate their own claims, it would be
justice to the South and recognize her efforts
in the work of conciliation and peace. It
copies in a late number, the law of Georgia
securing the civil rights of the negro, with
the following introductory remarks:
Negroes in the South.—To show how
little need there is for Civil Rights Bills by
Congress to protect negroes, wo publish the
following law, recently passed by the Legis
lature of Georgia, the “Empire State of the
South." It shows that the “ rights ” of
tho negroes may be safely entrusted
with the Southern people. The Abo
litionists, in all they do, proceed upon
the assumption that the people of the
South are ot deadly enmity W ith ttys ne
groes—only restrained from breaking them
on wheels or burning them at the stake, irom
fear that they will themselres be punished
fertile ir fliciion of the torture. Of course,
this assumption is calumniously false. Tho
Southern people have a tender and almost
affectionate regard for these helpless people,
and, if let alone, they will confer upon them
nil the rights they arc fitted to enjoy, and
protect them in all their interests.
Shultz Ilill, opposite Augusta, many
years ago a popular resort, has again been fit
ted up for the entertainment of picnicians
and piessure-scekcrs generally.
rating and otherwise attending to the neces
sities and perpetuating the memory of the
Confederate dead, which there lie buried.—
The above day has been selected by the ladies
of most of tlie Southern cities, and we doubt
not that our ladies, who are ever ready to do
noble deeds, will give the matter their earnest
attention.
Another Victory.—La Crosse, Wiscon
sin, which has for years given a strong Re
publican majority, has just elected the entire
Democratic tictet, by nearly three hundred
majority. ’ Wisconsin is tho State in which
the Supreme Court ha3 just decided that ne
groes are untitled to vote, and they accord
ingly voted in La Crosse, ‘ with the result
above stated. Verily, negro suffrage is a
great institution 1
New York, April 13.—The World says
the Union Square Fenians received dispatches
fromB. Doran Killian, reporting the com
plete success of his expedition. Tho same
paper asserts that negotiations are in pro
gress for tho union of tho two sections of the
Brotherhood, for the purpose of an immediate
coup dc main on all British North American
provinces. ._
The New York papers now deny tho
rumor of the sailing of the Fenian fleet.—
They ought to have sent out their contradic
tions with the foolish falshood.
and parts of the Old Testament were fbund j oaB ;iy j. een that trouble might arise. The
■ m some ot its rooms. | p rov j n cial Legislature proposed to have an
The people of Nashville are nobly respond-1 armed police force there, and it was but right
ing to the call for food irom Alabama’s starv-1 that the American Government should have
ing poor. The Chamber of commeipc, | one or more armed vessels there to preserve
hurclics, sporting men, all have come for- the peace.
ward with money, flour, meat and corn. Mr. Raymond simply desired to put the
Lexer and Solar lNFLUEXCES.-Astrono-
mers have discovered that tbe moon s draw- Governmcnt had ^ ven official informa
mg gradually nearer the earth by about an thh vcr £ mcnt 0 / the steps taken in
inch every year. They have aUo discovered j with the mater, but he found in
that the day is about one hundreth part ot a L hc London T{ f Ma ’ re]l 17 Btate .
second longer now than it was two thousand meat in an edhorial article> relatin ’ g to the
jc..r a ago. termination of the Reciprocity Treaty, that
The Chinese, when brought into court as I vessels of war had been placed on the coast
witnesses in California, are sworn in the man- [ to protect the British rights and to prevent
ner peculiar to their own country. An oath, collision, and that the American fishermen
written in Chinese characters, upon tissue would be duly warned, and tho exclusion of
paper, is subscribed with their names and j their boats enforced. He was of the opinion
burned to ashes. The purport of the oath is, that the only grounds on which the British
that if the witness does not tell tho truth he | had any shadow of right to warn off onr fish
hopes that his soul may be burned and des
troyed as is the papers which he holds in his
bands.
The tornado in Indiana and Southern IHi-
nios killed and injured one thousand persons.
What is tho worst kind of sympathy.' To
be pitted by the small-pox.
85F“The yellow fever prevails to a consid
erable extent at Key West, and the regular
troops wore removed to Tampa in conse
quence. The small-pox is still making terri
ble ravages there, although every precaution
has been taken, we learn, to keep it from
Florida.
New Translation of tiif. Scripture.-!
correspondent of the New York Times, \ni
ing from Paris on the 23d 3Iarch, says:
The grand preliminary convention forty
ing steps for n new translation of the Bihl
which has been in course ot preparation!;
years, held its first session in this city yestel
day, and was a great success. The leadL-'
men of the Catholic and Jewish Churcln
have united for the first time in this _
work, the object being to combat infidefc
and especially the writing of such men
Renan. As the President said in his openis
address, the three great divisions of ::
Church, if they would not agree on the dtcj
mas which they drew from tlic Bible, cou!J
least agree on the philology and literature
that book, and they cbuld also agree on tl
necessity of doing something to put a stop
the perversions it was undergoing by ti
modern writers of the school of Rennn. H|
first meeting was overrun with men of le:
ing, and there is none or little opposition
the project, great hopes are entortained tl
the convention will be harmonious, and tl
important results will be arrived at.
Scarcity of Laborers in Georgia—1
spector General Strong of the Freedmen's B
reau, say9 the National Intelligencer, who
present in Savannah, Georgia, writes to Si
General Howard that there is a great scar
ty of labor in that vicinity and many otbj
places lie has visited in the State. In tlic!c
'er counties of Georgia, among the Sea ''
lands, and on. the rice plantations of the
vannah and Ogeecliee rivers, the blacks j |
all employed, and extra hands cannot
found. Be also states that many North;
men, who have purchased or leased pise
tions, will loose money the coming season
fail altogether. Several parties on tbe Op
chec have expressed themselves willing
pay as high as one dollar per day, and ft
ish the hands with quarters, fuel, and g:
rations; or would be glad to contract
the freedmen, giving them one half of
rice crop, clear of expenses; but even at
rate of compensation handscannot be secun
Agents are traveling all over the Scatc, *>
of them haring come from as far west as a
3Iississippi river, who are anxious to oba
laborers to assist in raising the presenter
France.—The Paris correspondent ot a
London Times writes that Prince Napo'-H
has left Paris for Italy, after having sett
interviews with tlic Emperor. It is vrisp;'
that he is instrnsted with a mission to U|
tor Emanuel, which could not well lie
tided to any inferior personage, and has
erence to the state of affairs between Pra
and Austria. The correspondent adds:
find that persons, who, up to the presents]
ment have refused to believe that anyth-
likely to disturb the peace of Europe if J
come of tlie quarrel, are now far less in<*
ulous. Their views of the future are gle°-
enough, and they think the conflict betm
Prussia and Austria are bnt certain.”
General Brauc.'s Confiscated
The case of the United States vs. the Gr«H
wood plantation of Braxton Bragg w*sl
before the United States District Court 1
New Orleans oh last Monday. Aft cr M
ing, the Court decreed that, “after deducts
costs and taxes, amounting to §4,503 42. '1
the judgment in favor of D. Augustin J
$500, there be paid to J. B. Mira reau |2tvl
72, and to Pierre Loted §14,031 80, anWJ
ing in all to §48,000. the price at which?
plantation wds sdldl”
A Paris letter by the last sW
says: “I have just seen a gentleman wty'j
been traveling for the past three
Austria Proper, and particularly in
or Austrian Poland, bordering upon
He states that the greatest activity p 1 *^
and that troops arc being rapidly P®]
toward the Prussian frontier, while a- _
fortresses are being put in repair. Thft^ j
out Austria, he states, a war with Pc 15 - |
regarded as inevitable.”
Arrival of Prisoners from
laski.—A squad of prisoners, white ‘
ored, seventeen in number, Were brong^l
to the city Saturday from Fort Pw^j
Among them was J. W. Duncan, the
sonville commission.iry si rgeant. now 05 J
by Military Commission in this city- J
trial will probably be resumed to-o»5- |
ermcn was the small strip of three miles from
this coast. Ho thought it quite right and
proper that the British Government should
send enned vessels there to act as police and
prevent collision, and he thought it equally t H Ql Wll i P ru - ...
necessary and proper that our Government [ ot l ier prisoners are to be turned ^ ^
should do the same. On that point there was i custody ot the civil authorities y .-J
no difference of opinion in the Committee on 1 - larshal Laston under General • r
Foreign Affairs. He had no doubt that our! recently publisheu.-
Government had taken -uch steps. He did I ^ ;—•-•—
not anticipate anv collision, although he I Cff" There are in theUniteu
could readily see that if the claims ot each | churches,being one for every 64-
j)*rtV iAvtimnn iZAmStm t n/inn]oti/m 'Tlip fnftbl Vftllift
there
lcadt , . ,,
fisheries j |j were well worth protection bees for 14,000,000 ot hearers
-Sav. Herald, 1
>'.rty were pushed to their extreme limits, population. The total value ofcj^-,' K ;-i
here would arise a question which might erty is §87,000,000. Therej.re ->•'•;
cad eventually to war. Our interests in those I men, and accommodations m the <■