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THE GEORGIA WEEKLY TELEGRAPH.
tfeorgiaMeckljSelfflrajr!
TI1E PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS—
*»N. Y.TIMES’* vs.“DAILY NEWS.”
The New York Times and other Republi
can journals are soraly exercised over the
course of the N. Y. Daily News in maintain
ing that the President should refuse to exe
cute the Civil Rights bill and other outra
geous measures of the body now styling itself n,an
“the Congress of the United States.” The
Times thinks the position radical and revolu
denary, and hopes the President will reject
all such ill-considered advice.
Perhaps the Times is right in this particu
lar case. Whatever may be the rights of the
President as regards the action of the so-
caile 1 Congress, it may be best for the public
harmony and weal to recognize them as bind
ing on the Executive branch ot the govern
ment for the present, leaving to the people
the high duty of correcting at the polls all
existing abuses, as they assuredly will. The
President occupies a stand-point from which
he can survey the whole field; he has pecu
liar facilities for insight into the plans and
movements of factions, and into the entire
working of the machinery of government—
He knows, too, far better than the public, the
men he has to deal with, their designs and
the limits of their power. Ho is also pre
sumed to comprehend fully his own rights,
and recent events have proved that ho has the
courage to assert them. It may bo best, there
fore, to leave the President—to use a homely
phrase—to “paddle his own canoe.” Should
he get among the “breakers,” no one is more
competent to defy their rage and eventually
come to anchor in the destined port.
' But, whilst we are willing to concede the
point of policy, we are very far from agreeing
to the broad proposition laid down by the
Times for the rigid observance of the Presi
dent under all circumstances. That it is the
constitutional duty of the Chief Magistrate,
under ordinary circumstances, to see that the
enactments of Congress are executed accord
ing to their letter and spirit, we contend that
cases may arise in which he is absolved from
all such obligation. There is no constitution
al provision to that effect, for under our sys
tem of government the Judiciary alone has
the power to declare null and void an Act
passed according to the forms of law by the
Legislative department; but the Judiciary
cannot always act promptly, anil besides there
are principles of liberty and right that are as
much the fundamental law in all free govern
ments as the written constitution and which,
no officer can bo rightfully called on to disre
gard, from the mere fact that they are not
specially nominated by the framers ot the
government. We can very readily conceive
of cases in which the President, as the repre
sentative of the sovereignty of the people,
may disregard a law passed by a regularly
constituted Congress, or by a body of men
who claim to exercise Congressional powers,
but without warrant In the constitution,
from which all powers must be derived. An
exaitople or two for illustration:
A regularly constituted Congress passes an
act instructing the President to execute forth
with Jefferson Davis, Alexander H. Stephens
and all the members of the late Confederate
Cabinet: would it be the Precedent's duty to
execute the blood-thirsty enactment ?
A law is passed requiring all the funds in
the public treasury to de turned over to the
hands of the Speaker of the House of Rep
resentatives : Should tho President execute
such a law ?
Senators and Representatives from a portion
of tho States assemble in Washington, resolve
themselves in Congress, excluding all -em
bers from other States that arc understood
to be unfriendly to some favorite policy of
their own, «ud through this partial represen
tation, obtain a majority sufficient to deprive
the Executive of his constitutional power of
a veto upon .tlieir proceedings: will anybody
say that this is not a usurpation, and that the
President js bound to recognize the palpable
violation of the constitution and aggression
upon his own rights as a co-ordinate branch
of the government ?
We think common sense will answer these
questions, and in a way by no means in con-
conformity to the views of these who hold
that the President is bound under all circum
stances to carry out the will, not only of Con
gress, but of every body that may get pos
session of the capitol and set itself up ns the
Legislative power of the nation, whether they
do so by authority of the constitution or not.
So much for this assumption of the duty of
the absolute submission of the President to
the will of Congress, or of any collection of
persons that may claim to exercise the rights
of that body. To our mind it is clear that
the President is not under the slightest obli
gation to recognize any of tho proceedings of
the present band of conspirators at Washing
ton as lawful, and if be does so, it will only
be another evidence of his love ot peace and
desire to avoid the slightest ground for a
charge of usurpation against himself.
But however conservative may bn the dis
position of the President now, we believe the
time will soon come when he will feel the ne
cessity of exercising tho power placed in his
hands by the constitution and the people for
his own safety, and the maintenance of the
dignity of the high office which he holds. If
he docs not crush the Radicals in Congress,
they will inevitably crush him, and with him
the entire power of the Executive. In our
judgment he would be wise in striking tho
first blow. The people will stand by him to
.the bitter end.
F >r the Telegraph.
The County Court Election.
An article in the Telegraph of the loth
inst. deserves a passing notice. The writer
says: “It is conceded that theactof the Leg.—
lature establishing tho Court (alluding to the
County Court) does not require the Judge to
be a lawyer, but it is nevertheless true that
if the laws are properly and correctly admin
istered in that Court the Judge should be a
well skilled in the law, and acquainted
with its practice.” It would seem from the
above that the writer hardly has the proper
estimate of the intelligence and capacity of
many worthy citizens who are not lawyers, or
favors class legislation. That it may be an
advantage for the incumbent to be well skilled
in the law no one will deny. But there are
other requisites quite as essential, probably,
that may be possessed by citizens who are
of the (mii*rovoy upon any 1 that would A CHAPTER ON tVOMEX-A CIIKMI- ; The Cotton Supply Iron.
secure to them their constitutional rights.—
Others looked to a Southern separation really
as their only object and hope. These differ
ent views as to the ultimate objects, did not
inteferc with the general active support of the
cause.
Q. Was there a popular vote upon the or
dinance of secession t
A. Only so far as in the election of dele
gates to the Convention.
Q. There was no subsequent action ?
A. No, sir, the ordinance of secession was
ing yourselves before me on this your day of
celebration. I come forward for the purpose
of indicating my approbation, and manifest-
ing mv appreciation of the respect tlmt is of
fered and conferred. I thank you for the
compliment and I mean what I say. I will
remark, in this connection, that the time will
come, and that, too, before a great while,
when the colored population ot the United
States will find out who have sclectfd then,
os a hobby and a pretense by which tlnycan be
successful in obtaining and maintianing power
and wanted them to p&rticpatc and enjoy the
blessings of freedom. The time w|l come
when it will be known who contribltcd as
much as any other man, and who, without would have received, as compared with the | -\yhst iVa woman ? In what consists a wo
being considered egotistical, I may my,con- whole, if it had been submitted to the free | ^ what is a woman'made of! Ia she
CAL AND MECHANIC A I, ANALYSIS.
Alphonse Knrr’.-. Views on the Sex.
I wrote you the other day somtliing about
women. Having folded, scaled, and dis
patched my letter, I sat down in my easy
chair,following my thoughts as a smokerplays
with the wreaths of smoke that rise from his
pipe, and I began to rellect upon a very grave
matter—a little late to be sure, but I thought
of it nevertheless; it is no longer a question
of dividing the other sex into woman and
strong-minded woman. I ask myself serious-
Is woman a real
a. jno, sir, tue ordinance oi secession was , are thcre anv womcn } & wom an a real
not submitted to tlie popular t ote afterward . j Jv jjjg thing, or is she a conventional creature,
Q. Have you any opinion as to the vote it. inia „i nary f orul ed by the fancy of poets ?
V. _ —_ _ /I «r- nnmt.na/id till. I n .* ' * . * .
not lawyers, to os great, and perhaps in some to catcr to prejudice, snd how easy it is to
instances, to a greater extent than by some of excite feelings of prejudice and kildness. I
" * ith- care not for that, I have been engajr.Hl in this
bdanHI, w
tributed more In procuring the great national
guarantee of the abolition of slavery in all
the States by tho ratification of tbe amend
ment to the constitution of the United States
giving a national guarantee that slavery shall
no longer he permitted to exist or be re-es
tablished in a State or within the jurisdiction
of tlie United States. I know how easy it is
our legal friends; and this may be said with
out disparaging the many legal gentlemen who
may he candidates in the State. Lawyers
arc certainly not infallible even in law-mat
ters, If they were, why the necessity of our
Supreme Court? Do not the Judges of our
Superior Courts commit errors and make
erroneous decisions t And has not the Su
preme Court reversed many of their decisions ?
Such being true, it follows tbnt some of our
best and most learned lawyers differ in their
opinions of the law,
The writer in enumerating the duties of
this Court, says: “It will have jurisdiction in
all cases, except cases involving titles to land,
suits in equity, divorce cases and felonies, &c.
I would ask, how many of such cases are
now under the jurisdiction of our Inferior
Courts, and how many lawyers occupy posi
tions os Justices of our Inferior Courts?
Again, he says: “Suita for debts and dam
ages to persons and property, may thcre be
brought—actions of Trover involving thous
ands of dollars may there be instituted.”—
All true, and if either party is not satisfied
with the decision, he has a right to appeal to
a still higher tribunal. He says: “That ma-
nv crimes heretofore in the class of felonies
have been reduced to the- grade of misde
meanors.” If I mistake not, our Inferior
Courts formerly had jurisdiction of still
higher grades of felony than it is proposed
to invest tbo County Courts with. Our ne
gro population was formerly tried, convict
ed, sentenced and executed under our laws
administered by the Inferior Court; and thus
the rights of thousands of dollars were adju
dicated by these courts. Very few of the
Justices were lawyers. Is it the honor and
dignity of the County Court that the writer
wishes to uphold or support ? or the emolu
ments of the office for some friend?—
The members of the Inferior Court have
served for years past without “fee or reward
or the hope thereof”—they were mostly plan
ters, merchants or mechanics. They had ju
risdiction as stated of as important interests
—yea, more important, in some cases involv
ing life itself; but now forsooth, when a new
Court is established with some remuneration
the claims of these classes are to be ignored,
and according to tbe opinions of “Vox Pop-
uii,” no one but a lawyer has the c&Dacitv to
fill the office. Win ne inform us how many
persons of well established legal ability arc
probably candidates for this office in the
State?
“Vox Populi” says, “How can one who is
unskilled in the rules of evidence decide ques
tions of evidence?” It is perhaps fortunate
for our country, whether the County Judges
be lawyers or not lawyers, that their decisions
nre not necessarily final; that we have higher
Courts to which coses may be carried by ap»
peal, and which no doubt will be done in tbe
most important cases whether adjudicated
before a lawyer orcitizcu Judge of this Court,
cither of whom may and probably will err
some time, and where, as one of our highest
judicials says, “a flood of light may gush in,”
if it be refused in the Court below.
In the selection of the person to fill the of
fice of Judge of County Courts, I would sub
mit as the most important question—is be
honest and capable ? Has he discrimination
to decide between right and wrong and the
firmness to carry out bis decision.
Crvis.
Interesting Law Case.—The Atlanta In-
.tclligenccr of yesterday says:
On yesterday some interesting rent cases
were tried. Among that ofR. A. Rice vs.
John n. Lovejoy. On 1st March, 1865, the
defendant rented from plaintiff a store house
in tho city of Atlanta until the 1st January,
I860, agreeing to pay therefor 333 1-3 dol
lars per month in Confederate money. The
rent for the months of March and April was
paid in-that currency. The question matlcin
tlie case was “how much was the plaintiff en
titled to recover for tbe balance of the time
in the present currency t” The plaintiff
proved tuc property to be worth about $100
month from May tp January. The defendant
showed Confederate money to be worth, at
the time of the contract, (1st March, 1865.)
about fifty for one.
Judge Warren charged the Jury that this
was an executory contract. Tbatundcr the
law of tlie lust Legislature they should look
to the Millie thereof, the currency in which
tho rent was to be paid, and Ihe value of said
currency: and having considered these things,
they should render such a verdict as would
ho right, just and equitable between tho par
ties. The jury found a verdict.pf five hun
dred dollars in favor of the plaintiff.
Mrs. O Bricn, a soldier’s widow at Montpe
lier, died in her house last week from cold
and exhaustion. Sho w twenty-two ycara j dine; addressed tbs assemblage as follows:
SI fa.2? Hi™ i
Telegrams from onr Exchanges.
ORDER FOR RELEASE OF C. C. CLAY.
War Department, Washington, D. C.,
April 17, 1866.—Ordered, That Clement C.
Clay is hereby released from confinement and
is permitted to return and remain in the State
of Alabama, and to visit such other places in
the United States as his personal business
may render necessary, upon the following
conditions, viz: That he take tbe oath of al
legiance to the United States, and give his
parole of honor to conduct himself as a loyal
citizen of the same, and to report himself in
person at any time and place to answer any
charges that may hereafter be preferred
against him by the United States.
By order of the President.
[Signed] E. D. Townsend,
Assistant Adjutant General
TJIE FLYING SQUADRON ORDERED TO EAST-
PORT, MAINE.
Tlie Herald’s Washington special says: The
flying naval squadron, tor duty in the eastern
waters, has finally been determined and is to
consist of the side-wheel steamer De Soto,
nine guns, flag ship; the iron-clad Mianton-
omnh, nine guns; the doublc-cnder Ashoc-
late, seven guns; the side-wheel steamer Au
gusta, nine guns; the double-cnder Winoos
ki, is already cn route for Eastport, Me., and
the steamer Don, seven gun?. The squadron
will be commanded by an officer of the rank
ot Acting Rear Admiral. The squadron is
to leave for their rendezvous, Eastport, Me. :
by the 30th inst., and will remain at thai
place until the Fenian excitement there is at
.in end, after which it will proceed to the
Gulf of St Lawrence, Bay Chaileur, and other
points on the British North American coast,
to protect the American fishing vessels.
INFECTED, GREENBACKS BURNED.
Treasurer Spinner yesterday received from
a Federal surgeon at Bowling Green, Ky., the
sum of $199 in United States currency, the
property of small pox patients in the milita
ry hospital at that point, ami which he. the
Surgeon, deemed injudicious to allow to go
into circulation. The infected money was
securely scaled, and was burned by Treasurer
Spinner, who, on his own responsibilitv, for
warded the same amount of new greenbacks
to the Bowling Green Hospital
TIIE COLORED PEOPLE OF WASHINGTON AS
SEMBLED AT TIIE WIIITH HOUSE—TUE PRE
SIDENT ADDRESSES THEM.
care not for that, I have been enga
work in which my all has been periled.
I was not engaged in it as a hobbv nor did
I ride the colored men for the sake « gaining
power. What I did was for the pirpose of
establishing the great principle of freedom,
and, thank God, I feel, and know it to Ihjso,
that my efforts have contributed as nuch, if
not more, in accomplishing this greatnational
guarantee than those of any other liyng man
in the United States. (Enthusiaitic
phrase:)
Condition of the Sentiment of the South.
TESTIMONY OF RON. ALEX. H. STEPIItNS BE
FORE THE RECONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE.
Washington, April 17.—Hon. A. H. Ste
phens was before the Reconstruction Coomit-
tee on the 11th inst., and’ he was snore and
examined by Mr. Bontwcll, as follows: 1
Q. State your residence ? \
A. CrawfordsTillc, Georgia.
Q. What means have you had since Lie’s
'surrender to ascertain the sentiments of tlie
people of Georgia regarding the Union t
A. I was at homo in Georgia at the tinicof
the surrender of Gen. Lee, and remained thirc
till the 11th of May, and during that tine
conferred with the people in my immedutc
neighborhood, and with the Governor of tbe
State, and with one or two other leading and
prominent men in the State. From the 11th
of May till my return to Georgia, which w»
on the 39th of October, I had no means of
knowing anything of the public sentimen 1 .
there except through the public press and
such letters as I received.
From the time of my return until I left on
my present visit here, I had very intimate in
tercourse with the people, visiting Augusty
and visiting Millcdgevillo during the scssioi
of the Legislature, first on their assembling
and again in January, before their rcassem
tiling, and again in the latter part of Febni
ary. While there I conversed very Irecly and
fully with all tho prominent and leadhg
men, cr most of them, in the Legislature, aid
met a great many of the prominent rod
leading men of the State not connected vith
the legislature, and by letters and from lor-
respondcnce with the men whom I have net.
I believe that embraces a full answer to ihe
question as to my mnnncr of ascertaining ihe
the sentiments of the people of that Sfctc
upon the subject stated in the question. I
Q. As the result of your observation, wlat
is your opinion of the purposes of the peo
ple with reference to the reconstructionpf
tlie government, and what are their desits
and purposes concerning the maintenance of
the government ?
A. My opinion, and decided opinion ir.
that an ovqrwhelming majority ot the people
of Genr/ji* «iu exceedingly imvinns for the
restoration of the Government, and for tic
State to take her former position in tie
Union, to have her Senators and Represents
tives admitted into Congress, and enjoy al.
her rights, and to discharge all her obliga
tions as a State under the Constitution ot the
United States as it stands amended
action of the people ( j simply Adam’s rib—one rib, dressed up, and
ltncss. Do you mean after it was adopt- a(]ornet i ij ke the Gauls festooned, with rich
cd by the Convention ? spoils, and then worshiped ?
Mr. Bootwell yes, after its adoption by I Is there anything real in woman
tlie Convention, it it had l>ocn submitted us open a newspaper—-anywhere—and
forthwith, or within a reasonable time ( . j rca( j bie advertisements.
A. Taking the then state of things into j Here is what a perfumer says, and what lie
consideration, South Carolina, Florida and j 0 ff ers .
Mississippi. I think, having seceded, my opin- -Bloom of Roses to colorthe lips and the
ion is that a majority of the people would na j] s _» All . tkat opa i tint of the nails, that
have ratified it, and perhaps by a decidedI or carnation of the lips are net true—do notnat-
large majority. If, however, South Carolina ura!Iy bei ong to w oman ? They are sold—
and tho other States had not adopted the or- t j lev are bought.
(finances of secession, I am very well satisfied -Powder to whiten the teeth.” Has wo-
that a majority of the people of Georgia, and mAn th naturally yellow teeth ? Or rather
—ips a very decided majority, would have has woman rea lly teeth at all ? Here are ten
against secession if the ordinance had vcry expensive advertisements of dentists,
been submitted to them; but ns matters stood wko to jj 0 able to afford them, ought to sell
at the time, had the ordinance been submitted a g,^ m any false teeth.
toapopularvote.it would have been sus- To return to the perfumer,
tained; that is myjadgment about that mat- “Circassian Black, to give the velvet lustre
ter - . . to the eyes.” Ah! those black velvety eyes,
Q. What was the date of the Georgia or - which so passionately pierce the heart, are not
dinancc ? . , , ... true—they are artificial
A. The 18th or 19tli—I think the l9th ot “Blue Mysotis, to imitate the veins.”—
January, 1861, though I am not certain. Goodness! they have not even veins of their
Q. The question of secession was involved 0W1)i nor blood. Veins and blood—are all
in the election of delegates to that Convcn- fictions, an( j bought at a shop,
tion, was it not ? “Imperial Chalk, clear blond, warm blond,
A. Yes, sir. chestnut brown and black, for the eyelashes
Q. And was thcre, on the part of the can- a nd eyebrows, too!”
didates, a pretty general avowal of opin- J Let us have done with the perfumer—he is
i° ns ? odious; but stop. He announces a certain
A. Very general toilette water, Nymphiene. It is horrible,
Q. What was the result of the election,^ so . meretricious, shameful! Enough of this,
far as the convention expressed any opinion Ah j fierc is a mantua maker who tells us
upon the question of secession ? what gives elegance, grace and supleness of
A. The majority was about thirty in the g a it—it is tho waist which she makes. So
convention in favor of secession. I do not I lU uch supleness. grace, elegance! It is the
recollect tlie exact vote. mantua maker who furnishes them. Those
Q. In a convention of how many ? who have not the means of buying grace,
A. In a convention based upon the number supleness and elegance, must do without
of Senators and members of the House in the them.
General Assembly of the State. The. exact Ask the women themselves. Each will
number I do not recollect, but think it was j acknowledge that nil the others wear false
300—perhaps a few over. I hair. Some will confess that, they wear it
Q. Was there any difference in the differ- themselves,
ent parts of the State on the strength ot the hair, no eyelashes, no eyebrows, no
Union sentiment at that time ? . white teeth, no ruby lips, no rosy nails, no
A. In some of the mountain counties the velvety eyes, no veins, no blood, no supleness,
Union sentiment was generally prevalent. , no elegance, no grace, without opening the
The cities, towns and villages were generally pursc . Women buy all these of the shop-
for secession throughout the State. I think, keep ers.
with some exceptions, secession was more Contrary to tlie way cf other traders, wo-
general in tlie rural districts and in the man buys herself at retail and sells herself at
mountains of the State; yet, the people of wholesale.
some of the upper counties were very active But is it not to bp feared that some day
and decided secessionists. There was noth- j maai finding that she would make too much
ing like a.sectional division of the State at by tlie operation, may make provision for
all. For instance, the.delegates from Floyd himself, and buy at first all the minute details
county, in which the city ot Rome is, in the —grace, eyelashes, elegance, ruby lips, veins,
upper portion of tlie State, was an able one J j la j r< 0 pal nails, etc., etc.,—mix them accord-
and strong for secession; while the county of j„g ar f t misceat secundum artem, as the
Jefferson, down in thejintcrior ot the cotton physician have it, M. S. A., then adorn his
belt, sent one of the most prominent delega- mixture and do without the rest ? What is
tions for the Union. I could designate other U], e rcs t, in effect, especially if you have
particular counties in that way throughout bought it with nymphiene ?
the State, showing that there was not what -*-
might be termed a sectional geographical Piiakoaii’s Serpents.—Now that these
division of the State on the question. | amusing and scientific tovs arc in such exten
College on Lookout MountalnT"'
While the would-be mid prttentiou,
lanthropists of the negro equality -eh. ,i P “"
much exercised for fear the blacks win 1(1
receive their meed of knowledge, to the ^
elusion of tlie children of American whit* ^
izen>. wo observe that there is at lea&t ' '
true philanthropist from the North, who t*v
a more enlarged view of the cause of edtT^
tion. 0Cl -
A gentleman of New York city, Christ
pher Roberts, the founder of Robert ColleT"
at Constantinople, which he endowed
his own funds, has, for some months be*
in East Tennessee for the purpose ofcstablU?
ing a College for the education of the whit I
children of the South. He has purchased ti.
whole of Lookout Mountain! the sce-l
of one of the most hotly contested and L
portant battles in the late war, a splenrin
site for such an institution, afi’erding a
nificent view of tlie valley of the TennessJ
He has also purchased some four or five w!
dred acres on Missionary Ridge, together wjA
the Government bnildiugs, erected at then
pense of §150,000, and cither or both sit*
will be occupied as may seem most dean,
ble.
The buildings already there will accomtoc.
date four or five hundred pupils, and arrant
ments have been made for opening the ink
tuticn on the 15th of May next. It will l
under the care of Rev. Edward William;,
graduate of Yale College and of the Princ*.
cotton than had been known "at any other pe-‘ i-6n Theological Seminary, /who is snid to £
Q. State whether, from your observation, sive demand, it is right that their nature and
tlie events cf the war have produced any composition should be made generally known,
change in the public mind of the State in re- with a view to determine whether their em-
lation to the Constitution ol the United ployraent is compatible with safety, or whetb-
States. I c- *i.. r —auot<. of their combustion are detri-
A. That question I answered in part yester- ment toll-alth.. These toys consist of sul-
day. While I cant say, from personal know 1- phocyanide of mercy, a compound, as the
edge, to what extent the opinions of the name implies, of sulphur, cyanogen, and
Southern States upon the abstract question mercury, the whole of which sul ■ ranees are
of the reserved rights of States may have volatilized by heat, each of them, during
changed, my decided opinion is that a very combustion, producing a number of more or
thorough change has taken place upon tlie less injurious and even poisonous products.
Q. What are their present views concerning pra ctical policy of resorting to any such The sulphur is, for the most part, converted
tbe justice of the rebellion ?. .Do they at pres- ‘ * into sulphurous and sulphuric acids, gases of
Q. What event or experience of war have an extremely irritating and suffocating ebar-
tontributed to this change ? acter. The cyanogen, a highly poisonous
A. First, the people are satisfied that a rc- substance, is partly volatalized unchanged,
sort to the exercise of this right, while it is and is partly decomposed, cvjlving carbonic
denied by the Federal Government will lead acid, nitrogen, and also, by its union with a
to war, which many thought before the late | portion of the sulphur, giving rise to the
attempted secession would not be the case, j formation of the very deleterious vapor of
They are also now very well satisfied that civ- bisulphide of carbon, while a portion of it is
il ware arc dangerous to liberty, and more- converted into the organic substance termed
over, their experience in the late war, I think, mellon, and which constitutes, in fact, the
has satisfied them that it greatly endangered chief residuary constituent of the so-called
their own. I allude especially to the suspen-1 serpents; while, lastly, the mercury is sub
'* " i bi
ent believe it was a reasonable or proper ui-
dertaking, or otherwise l
A. My opinion of the sentiment of the peo
ple of Georgia upon that subject is that tic
exercise of the right of secession was resortid
to by them from a desire to render tlieir lib
erties more secure, and a belief on their put
that this was absolutely necessary for that <b-
jeet. They were divided upon the questbn
of the policy of the measures. There tns,
however, but very little division among tbim
upon the question of the right of it. It is
now their belief, in my opinion (and I giviit
merely as an opinion,) that tlie surest, if lot
the only hope of their liberties, is the reso
lution of tbe Constitution of the Unicd
States and of the Government of the Unicd
States under the Constitution.
Q. Has there been any chango of opinon
i to the right of secession, os aright, indie
people or in tbe States ?
A. I think there has been a very deciied
change of opinion as to the policy of tbse
who favored it I think the people gencrlly
arc satisfied sufficiently with the experinent
never to resort to that measure of retires. 1 by
force, whatever may bo their own abstnet
ideas upon the subject. They have givei up
all ideas of a maintenance of tho opinio* by
a resort to force. They have conio to the
conclusion that it is better to appeal totlic
forms of reason and justice, to the hall of
legislation and the courts, for the preseva-
tion ot the principles of constitutional autlor-
ity, than to the arena of arms. It is myiet-
tled conviction there is not any idea chersh-
cd at all in the public mind of Georgia of
ever resorting again to secession or to theex-
ercise of the right of secession. That wlole
policy of the maintenance of their rigid in
my opinion, is at this time totally abandmed.
*Q. But the opinion as to right as I uider-
stand means substantially the same ?
A. I cannot answer ns to that. Some may
have changed their opinion on the subjet—
It would be an unusual thing a* well as t dif
ficult matter ior a whole people to chnge
their convictions upon abstract truth or
principles. I have not heard this view o the
subject discussed recently, and I wish ti be
understood as giving my opinion only oithnt
branch of the subject which is of pratical
character and importance.
Q. What do you attribute the chans of
opinion as to the propriety of attemptin; to
maintain these views by force ?
A. Well, sir, my opinion about that, my
undivided opinion, derived from observaion,
is that change of opinion arose mainly rom
tin- re.-ults of the conflict among tlu ir iwn
authorities in their individual rights of per
son and property, and from a general brak
ing down of tlie constitutional barriers ukick
usually attend all protracted wars.
Q. In 1801. when the ordinance of eces-
sion was adopted in Geoigia, to what c: tent
was it supported ?
A. After tho proclamation of Prescient
Lincoln calling out 75,000 militia, undir the
circumstances in view ot which it wasieued,
and the suspension of the writ of lnbeas
corpus, the Southern cause, as it was termed,
received almost the unanimous support of the
people of Georgia. Before that the/ were
very much divided on the question cf the
policy of secession; but afterwards tbe; sup
ported the cause. The impression rliich
then prevailed was that public liberty was
endangered. They supported the cans be
cause of the zeal for constitutional rigits.—
They still differed very much ns to tho ulti-
Washington, April .19—10 P. M.—The j mate object to be obtained and the rnems to
celebration of the emancipation of the slaves
of tho District of Columbia took place to-day.
Two regiments of colored troops, and the
various colored civil associations, with many
other colored citizens, assembled in front of
the Executive mansion, making a dense mass
ofcolored faces, relieved here and there by a
few white ones. After the firing of cannon,
and the playing of several martial airs, three
cheers were given for the President of tlie
United States, who having been escorted to
prominent position by U. S. Marshal Geor-
Yerniont ?—Exchange.
H 1 ( say to you on this occassion than to thank you
for the fojnjjlinjcnt yov bfive paid in Jprescnt-
bc used; but these differences yielded b the
emergency of apprehended common daiger.
Q. Was not the ordinance of secosion
adopted in Georgia earlier in date tlianthat
of the proclamation for 75,000 volunteer?
A. Yes, Sir. I stated that the people were
very much divided on the question of tie or
dinance of secession, but after the prochma-
tion they became almost unanimous insup
port of the cause. There were some feu ex
ceptions in the State, I think not more than
half a dozen among ruy acquaintances. As I
said, while they were thus almost unaninous
in suppo/t of the cause, they differed alii as
to the end to be attained by sustaining it.—
sion of tlie writ of habeas corpus and the limed in the state of vapor. Such being tho
military conscription, the proclamation of injurious and poisonous nature of the gases
martial law in various places, general impress- evolved, it is very necessary that persons with
mcnt3 and the levying of forced contribu- delicate lungs, or suffering from any disease
tions, as well as the very demoralizing effects I of those organs, should be most careful not
of war generally. to inhale the products of the combustion of
Q. When were you last a member of the the “serpents’eggs;” and in all cases great
Congress of the United Staten ? care should be taken that the room in which
A. I went out on the 4th of March, 1859. these toys arc burned be freely ventilated.—
Q. Will you state, if not indisposed to do So satisfied are tlie authorities in Prussia of
so, the opinions which led you to identify their deleterious properties, that the Govcm-
yoursclf with the rebellion so far as to accept ment has forbidden their sa!c ; except by per-
the office of Vice President of the Confede- sons who are specially authorized to sell poi-
rate States of America, so-called. sons.—Lancet.
A. I believe thoroughly in the reserved \ n Order from the War Department in Re-
sovereignty of the several States of the Union | lotion to Muster Out ot Officers.
under the compact of union of the Consti- Washington, Aril 17.—The following offi
tution of 1787. I opposed secession, there- c j a j order has been issued in relation to the
fore, as a question ot policy and of right on pa „ an( \ transportation allowed officers inus-
the part ot Georgia. When tlio State secc- out ot the volunteer service:
ded against my judgment and vote, I War Department, Adjutant General’s
thought my ultimate allegiance was due office, Washington, April 1C, 1800.—Offi-
her, and I prepared to cast my fortunes cers 0 f the regular army, when mustered out
and destiny with her and her people rather I 0 f thg service, under commission in volun-
eoting _ m | | ^ | ^
the new order of things, my sole object was I j ke ; r regiments or corps subsequent to their
to do all the good I could in preserving mas t er ou t of the volunteer service, except in
and perpetuating the principles of liberty caggg where they receive leave of absence in
ns established under the Constitution ot I the ordinary form, on their own application,
United Stated? . If the Union was to bcaban-1 when the usual regulations will apply as to
doned, either with or without force, which 11 allowances of officers on leave,
thought a very impolitic measure, I wished, 2 d. Such officers when not furnished trans-
if possible, to rescue, presene an perpetuate por t a tion in kind, will be allowed mileage
the principles of the Constitution. This I f ronl the place where they arc mustered out
was not without bopemight be accomplished the volunteer service,’to the stations of
in the new Confederacy of the States lormcd. their regiments or companies, or place when
When the conflict arose, my efforts were di- fi re t assigned to duty, after being mustered
rectcd to obtain as speedy and peaceful ad- out>
justment of the questions as possible. This I o'd. Officers of the volunteer service, includ-
adjustment, I always thought, to be lasting, j n „ the Veteran Rescrvo Corps, when muster-
would have ultimately to bo settled upon a ct f 0 ut of service, or relieved from duty, or
constitutional basis; founded upon the prin-1 or< j C rcd to their homes to await further ora-
ciples of mutual advantage on the part of the cr8j ar(J entitled to transportation allowance
States on which the Constitution of the Uni- f rom tlie place where they are relieved from
ted States was originally founded. I was fi u ty to the place where they were first
wedded to no particular plan of adjustment, mustered in the United States service,
except the recognition, as a basis, of the sep- 4th. Officers in the volunteer service order-
aratc sovereignty of the several States. With I ^ to their homes preparatory to being
this recognized principle I thought all other I mustered out of service, are considered as
questions of differences ought to adjust them- engaging by station, and entitled to the al-
selves according to the best interests of peace, Jowancc provided for in paragraph 1113, re-
welfare and prosperity of the wholo country. army regulations,
as enlightened reason, calm judgement and By order of the Secretary of War,
sense of justice might direct this doctrine of *
the self-adjusting, regulating privilege of our J “Mr. Lee.”—A Chicago sheet, in a super-
American system of State government, ex- cilious article touching the testimony of Gen.
tending, possibly, over the continent Lee before the Committee on Reconstruction,
so frequently speaks of the illustrious Con
Some looked to the adjustment or aattwkent doned singing.”
Objectionable BooKs.-Some of the school I federate Commander-in-chief as Mr. Lee, that
books published at the North and brought it is apparent the writer fancies by this sub-
South for sale, contain offensive chapters in straction of Gen. Lee’s military title, he is
regard to the late war. Concerning such edi-1 betitled in the minds of Chicago readers.—
tions the Charlotte Democrat remarks, “If This is characteristic of a not inconsiderable
wc have been subjugated, it is right that we class of the people in the North, we appre-
should contend for the truth of lustoiy; and bend—natural born flunkies wl.o covet titles,
we hope .Southern school teachers will be -while professing radical leveling democra-
enutious about what sort of books they in- cy—and among whom, alone, could he found
trodnee into their schools. If a teacher per- fellows who arc capable of supposing they
sists in using such offensive books, let us as may abate one jot of the moral stature of Rob-
honorable Southern men refuse to patronize ert E. Lee by the pretty impertinence of de-
him or her. That’s all” signating him as Mr. Lee—a designation
which, be it observed, in these times of cheap,
No Song and no Laughter. Dr. Deems, broadcast titles, is one of distinction,
sketching a trip which he has recently made [Memphis Appeal.
from New York to Chattanooga, after speak- —
ing of the desolations of the country, says: E5F” Chirac, an eminent French physician,
“Another thing struck me as painful, name- was famed for his skill in tie prognosis of
ly, the changed appearance of the negroes we disease. It is related of him ihat, when in a
met at the little stations and in the cars. Ex-1 state of delirium, on his death bed, he felt
cept one man at Lynchburg, and a few young his own pulse, imagining it to be that of a
colored people at Bristol, I saw no laughter | patient, and exclaimed : “I have been called
and heard no singing. Indeed, lam told too late: tho patient has been Wooded, and
that the negroes have almost entirely aban ' he cught to have been purged; lie is a dead
Resources.
At a recent meeting of the Manchester
Chamber of Commerce, the consideration of
the prospects of cotton supplies from India
was discussed. Complaints were made of the
apathy of the Government respecting India,
and the opinion prevailed that all that was
necessary to obtain a larger supply was to de
velop the canal and railroad communications
in that country. Mr. Bagiev, member of Par
liament, said:
Since the termination of the war in Ameri
ca they hud acquired something of the for
mer degree of the activity that once pervaded
the manufacturing districts. Still, much re
mained to be done. In 1860 the consump
tion of cotton in the United Kingdom amount
ed to 2,500,000 bags during tlie year, at the
period of the greatest distress—namely, 1862
the consumption had diminished to 1,000,000
bags; and last year it had gone up to 2,000,-
000.
But during this period there had been very
important additions made to the means of
consuming cotton, not only by the spirited
determination of spinners to repair their old
machinery and prepare for a better time, but
by the spirit of capitalists who had invested
new capital in new works, the result being
that there was at the present moment the
power to consume much larger quantities of
riod. and he apprehended not less than 3,000,
000 bags would be required to supply the
trade of the whole kingdom, when .cotton
could be lmd in plenty, and at the same time
at such cheap prices as ruled previous to the
convulsion of 1860. It had been stated that
the exports to America with the revived trade
had been so large thnt our public finances
were likely to be seriously inconvenienced.—
He differed altogether from subli an csti
mate.
. It was quite true wc had sent something
like 20,000,000 pounds sterling value of Brit
ish exports to the United States, but in est*
mating the means of payment by America, i
seemed to be entirely forgotten that America,
during the last year, sent such ample supplies
of cotton that the value of them would be
but little short of 25,000,000 pounds sterling.
But although this was sufficient reason why
we need apprehend no danger from our
trade with America, there might be some
reason why we should look to our invest
ments at home. There had been continually
created new joint stock companies, we had
continually contributed to foreigh loans, and
he estimated fairly that tbe home engage
ments of the country last year amounted to f
little less than 20,000,000 pounds sterling. He
put it to the Chamber whether we were likely
to be in danger from speculative investments
of that kind, or from a legitimate trade of
20,000,000 pounds sterling with our friends
across the Atlantic.
There has been no very important improve
ment in the cotton received from India.—
Larger supplies, it is true, had been received
during tbe years when cotton had been so
much required, hut it must be recollected
that a part of those supplies was cotton that
had been cruelly taken from the Indian home
manufacturers, and that We had not secured
so large a portion of India’s augmented pro
duction as wc should have received. It was
rievous to hear that in some instances the
omc manufacturers of India had not been
supplied with their raw materials in conse
quence of the exportations of this country.—
He felt considerable anxiety as to' the supplies
of cotton from India.
In 1860 there were here consumed about
3,300 bags of India cotton per week. Last
year the consumption was to the extent of
20,0u0 bags per week; but the quality ot the
cotton was so inferior that the moment abun
dant supplies of cotton from America could
be obtained, India cotton would cease to be
consumed, and India, which already depended
upon a great supply being sent to this coun
try at High jirircu, would De greatly disap
pointed when she found that the supplies and
prices were diminished.
The time, he feared, was coming when dis
tress would lie brought upou India, because
it would be more to the interests of the peo
ple of this country t.o obtain cotton from
America than from India, 100,000,000 pounds
sterling already paid was ample compensa
tion for what we had received, and we had
no occasion to trouble ourselves with conse
qucnces as to what might accrue to India, al
though it would be much to be deplored if
India did not keep up in the race of compe
tition. Unless something could be done in
the administrative reform in India, there
could be no improvement in the cultivation
of cotton. \
Something must be done to emancipate
the agricultural industry of India from the
thraldom of officials. India possessesed am
ple means for repealing her custom duesit.—
The whole revenue of India is about 45,000-
000 pounds sterling gross; the net amount
was perhaps from 35,000,000 to 38,000,000 lbs.
sterling. The expenses ofcollection amount?
ed to 8,000,000, and he submitted, that this
sura, deducted from the gross revenue, was a
sum altogether unnecessary, and it would be
possible to save as much as 2,000,000 pounds
sterling out of the expenses of collection.—
At all events, the manufacture of cotton
yarns contributed to the revenue of India
about 600,000 pounds sterling tiiat could be
easily abolished ; and as the cotton trade has
given India something like 180,000,000, a
benefit would arise to India, if cotton goods
were wholly exempted from duties.
It was to be hoped, therefore, an effort
would be made to repeal the duties upon cot
ton manufactures. If there was a large trade
rapidly rising in India, where spinning and
manufacturing were being conducted, a pro
tection would arise to those manufacturers if
if something did not alter the present condi
tion of things.The whole ccnomicnl revenue of
India required to be fully examined and econ
omized. Only 29,000,000 pounds sterling was
required for the real expenditure of the coun
try, and to collect 13,000,000 pounds sterling
appeared to leave a margin that gave great
scope for financial reforms.
Reproductive works of any kind, whicli
would greatly contribute to tbe revenue of
India, lias made but little progress. True,
50,000,000 pounds sterling had been expend
ed in about 3,000 miles of railway in India,
but in America there was 30,000 miles.—
Water for inland navigation and irrigation
was no doubt, the great wealth of India.—
Gj|eat investments ought to be made in the
means of conveying heavy goods from the in
terior to the ports; and water applied to the
land, it was well known, increased tlie pro
duction fourfold. Wherever irrigation was
applied the quantity of the cotton was vastly
increased—of course to the corresponding ad
vantage of tbe agriculturist. The land tenu re
question was also of the highest importance
to India.
a scholar and a clergyman of experience-!
[Exchange,
Trouble in Utah.—Omaha (Neb.,) Re
publican, ot April 9th, in a double-leaded
editorial says:
We learn to-day by telegraph that flic great
est excitement prevails among the Mormons,
and a fixed determination on their part to
drive out and exterminate all Gentiles. Eight
men have recently been assassinated, four on
yesterday, while the editor of the Yidctte,
with other gentiles, have been notified to
quit tlie country, or fare worse. Placards are
posted up in Salt Lake City, notifying all
Gentiles to leave immediatelv.
man!” and in a few minutes he expired.
;01d. Deacon Sharp never told a i; f
but used to relate this: “He was standin.
one day before a frog pond—we have hi!
word for it—and saw a large gartcr-snal;
make an attempt upon an enormous big bull
frog. The snake seized one of the
hind legs, and the frog, to be on a par ^
his snakeship, caught him by the tail, asd
both commenced swallowing one another
and continued this carnivorous operation ontj
nothing was left of cither ot them.”
A New Move.—From the advertising C[ ;
umns of the last number of the Monticello
Florida, “Family Friend” we clip the follow,
ing novel announcement:
Festival.—There will be a grand festival
for tlie whites, given by tlie colored people
of Monticello, at the CoArt House, on Thun,
day night the 21st inst., for the purpose of
raising funds to erect a Church.
The Augusta Constitutionalist sail
that the National Express Transportstiot
Company have opened an office in that citr
under the charge of Mr. H. W. Cottinghan
The office is furnished with the usual ap.
pliancesfor entering at once upon their legit
imatc business.
Gen. Stephen G. Burbridge has bea
arrested in New Orleans, tor malfeasance i«
office while Special Cotton Agent for the
Department. Traffic in freedmen for the
Cuba market is named among his offenses b;
the Louisville press.
The new Colt pistol factory, at Hut
ford, is expected, will cost a quarter of s
million dollars. The expense of driving th
piles will exceed sixty thousand dollars.
E3eF”An exchange says that “in the absena
of both editors, the publisher had succeeds:
in securing the services of a gentleman toedii
the paper that week.
239“ Admiral Semmes is named in the Mi
bile papers for Judge of Probate in the
city.
IJ3F* Fourteen persons on trial for treaso:
at St. Louis, have just been released.
MONETARY AND COMMERCIAL.
WEEKLY REPORT OF THE MAC05
3IARKET.
Daily Telegraph Orricz,
Saturday Evening, April 21, iSM.
General Remarks.—Tbe dark though wsrm dirs i
the past wc k have hud s aood effect on trade, sad «•
ery branch thereof has fel' its reviving influence. e|
pecUl y has this i.eo the cast- in Diy Goods snd CIi
ing—very heavy transactions b ing reported by cn!
of onr extensive al r; In tiose Inc-. It is a not?:
ons fact tha* iTRuy nrticl s in Dry Goods—inclcd:
P in's and Domestics—can be purcta-cd cheip:
here now th n they ran be purchased In »J
York as prices have advanced there sLce tto
goods - o e bought. In Provisions—Uorn, P oor
Bacon—there has been a slight decline from onr
qnotfitions. The market is abundantly su plied
thescartices. In Groceries,Drugs, Boots,Shoes,
very good bosincsshas been done. Onr e
have received heavy additions to tbeir stocks, ud:
couu ry mcrclia'.t rad. oilier purchaser cranot W-'•
get a'l he ms n-.fd ^’.vjacon, and at low figures.
t'oTron.—'The market opened rathe-dell, bntagwjl
maud sprung up on Tuesday, which contin ed *r
little variation throughout the week, there being a*
good cottons offering than tor some weeks pss 1 . H
sales for tho week foot np 730 bales. We q o'e a
followin as iheeloeingrales;
Inferior 21i
Ord nary It
Middling S5®3
Strict to Good Midd ing j ffi-
Receipts. G25 bates: shipments, 37S.
Monet Marxet.—T: ere ie little demand in the nil
ket for eight exchange, with a large supply oftrr i^-1
1‘artiis ere checking .at 1-4
dul and d clinirgat SOtq ji; »f ver do. at 15 tt.|
Tucro is little doin
not quotable.
Dar Goons.—A pretty fair business has been M
in Dry Goods the past weeir, both wholesale
retail, prices continuing unchanged, with aL'l
‘ H in t 1
d cline in theNorthern and Eastern markets.
Wholesale,
Wampsetis Prints 18
CSV B “ 18
Amoskeig*,....“ ...SO
Americans 23
Donald's 20
Riohm nds 21
Philip Allen ,....24
.24
lies.
*JH
::as
Death at Union Point.—We are pained
to learn that Mr. nart, an old gentleman
aged about SO years, the father of J. B. Hart, KOO d aonpiy
Esq., was run over by a railroad car at Unionif cents. Idverdool too per sack.
Point, Ga., on Tuesday last, from tlie effect,
of which ho died in a very short time.
[Atlanta In tell igen cer, 21.
559“ Newspapers have very queer names in
Italy. Iu a given mail the Inferno and the
Garden of Mary, the Troubadour and the
Fro", Minerva and the Ass, tlie Wasp and the
Devil’s Tail, may be brought in more or less
congenial juxtaposition.
gyr~Tlie press of New Orleans call for the
return of the libraries token North during
the war.
Philip
Pacific
&nacsl> ,. f .
W
Scotch ginghams
Lancaster..- 2ia32
Do Laines Hia37
Standaid sheetings bleached 25a45
Sea Island 25a33
Stripes, checks 32aS7
Flanne s ...41160
Linseys 40a
Coates’ spool cotton
Domestics.—Tho supply Is good. Shceting*—Jo'
quote Macon, 26; Augusta, 23; Osnaburw s»
at SO. The stock of yarns is light at $3 to t
by the hale.
Drugs.—llave been in pre ty fa ; r r«
qnote: Alcohol, 05 per cent. $7 per gallon:
1.50; Assafoetida. COc to 75c: III Chrb Soda, l*ti.?l
rax, COc; Brim-tcne, 15c; BrimstoneFlonrt
16c, Camphor 1.75 Der 1!>„ Castor Oil 4.50
Copperaa 10c, Cream Tartar 75c,: Epson Saits Jj
Gum Arabic $1.00. Iodide Potass 7.50, IppecactJ*,
&00, Madder ax-. Manna 2 25 ; Oil Bergamot *;
Oil I.emou 7.7:', * >i 1 lVppernuiP 7oO, o;
Rbenbarb 10.00, Sal Soda 12c. Sul Quinine MS *3
phine 10,00. Blue Stone 30’, lVue M;i“ ! ' '■ C-
2.00, Indigo 1.75 to 2.50, sperm oil 3.35, Linseed 1
2 25, Maocaboy t-nafi yoc, Spiiits Tuipantisa ;
Window Glass—SxlO $S50, do. 10x12 $9^0, lo. •
$10.50. Parrafine o 1 $2; Sperm oil $3 25. .
Groceries and Provisions—In Uit U.idicg art:L-1
Groceries and Provisions there lias been •*
good business done the past week.
B(Con\—'The supply of Bacon is (quai to the I .
We quoto Hams at 22c; bides, 20c.; Shoulder*.-
Ro ail, 2o to 23 cents. , a
Flora—'There it a pretty good rupp’y on hand,
steadydemand. we quote Extra Family 85 f*-’|
Extra Superfine, $12.50; Superdne, 11.50.
Scoar—'There is a good stock of Scparco l ac.a.
20 to 22 cents: crushed powdered, and granti
A, tt and C—22 to 25 cents.
Cos-fee—Thcre is but a light stock on s .le. K'-'.
ccn'a; Java 50 to 53 cents. Retail, Rio, 45; 4* I
to 60 cents.
Cheese—The stock of Cheese Is light at 2tSU>S“‘
Retails nt 25 to 40 ten’s.
Butter—'There is but little 'utter oflerisfc»*;
ing trice*. It scls it 50 to 55. letaiisa**
cents.
Lard—The supply is good. Wc q -te 20 to vl a--
Retails at 23 cents. , ..
Rice—The e is Dut little Savannah ofle r.g.s* -•
cents; coentry 32 to 1ft cents.
ntcr—86 to 75c. Re nil- at 75’. to $1. ... .
alt—But it lo Liverpool in tbe nmrket. i
ood supply of Virginia, at 2 to 3 cents. 11
-dool 4.00 per sack. _ :
oitx—Supply heavy. Conriderablcouhand. -J",
1.30 to $1.40 sacks inc'udcd. R tails at
Oats.—Good demand for shelled cats, with a
ply. telliDg from $00to $1 with sacks. ,,
Liquors—KectiSed Whisky—:orn, 2 50. rye
Hennery Brandy 9 00 to 16.00, jiia 3.50. to ^
con orandy 4 to 4.50 per gallon, Wolf* =*-■.,
Schnappj, per case, 16.00 for qua ts, 17.00 for tr i j
wine 3.75 to 6.00; Madeira 4.50 to b.00.
Hum, 3,50. Robinson county x, 2,60; *
old bourbon, 3,00 to 8,00. Supply tU2a
Tobacco—There haa been a^ood inquire f° r - *
pas*t week, wh ch may be quoted at from s >'
Mnokii-g Tob;* •• o • improve , and ip 1 “
o $1.25. r
Haugi.ng—t»unny i wwrlb yT cent* i»y ib** '* :l *'
nt 40 ccir>. *«u heavy. .
Rorc—Machine 18 to 20 cer.ls. ‘Mock hea *
muod light.