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THE GEORGIA WEEKLY TELEGRAPH.
(Dcovfjiaii'ilUcIilMrltftrapIj
Si M l'! i: It:'!•: r.i.u \x. —Thr ntt<nnon ol
our merchants and other bu-ineas men is in
vited to the card of the proprietor of the
above paper. It is published tri-weekly at
Atncricus. ;pul enjoys a large patronage ia the
■various counties of,8onth-wcstcm Georgia;
bonce it is an excellent medium for making
'known tbeir business. Mr. Hancock,the Ed
itor and Proprietor, is on a visit to our city
and woyld bo glad to receive cither subscrip
tions or advertisements, which will be deliv
ered if left at this office.
“Georgia State Directory.”—We ac
knowledge a call from Capt. John C. Brain,
late of the Confederate navy, who is now en
gaged in getting up a complete TJircctoiy for
the State of Georgia, to be published during
the coming month. The plan and scope of
the work are fully set forth in i*s advertise
ment, Milch will be found on this page.
We have.examined the former, and find it
well arranged for conveying the infonna •
tion-to-which the book will bo devoted.-—
Capt. Brain will remain in, Macon for some
days, and we bespeak for his enterprise a lib
eral pafffmage, and for himself the courtesy
of qjrr citizens.
COUNTY ELECTIONS.
Bibb.—Col. P. B. Whittle was elected
Judge, nndN. II. Bass, Solicitor of tlieCoun-
ty Court
Honeoe^t-A subscriber writes ns that Ci
T. O. Jacob was elected County Jndgey^ver
• Col. J. S. Pinekard, by 40 majority.
Pulton.—At'; the Atlanta poll the contest
for Judge was Chiefly! between B. D. Smith,
•who B ot 889 Votes, and Win. Ezzard, who rc-
■ccived 271. Geo. S. Thomas, for Solicitor,
got 835; E. F. Hsgc, 283; M. J. Ivey, 137.
*Spalpixo.—At .Griffin, for Judge, Nun-
nally received .1R® tuics, Boynton ICO. I'or
Solicitor, Brown 180; Doyal, 150.
StncTKn.—J. A. Ansley, Judge; vote for
Solicitor doubtful 1>ctween W. B. Geaiy and
A. It. Brown.
Lee—Wm. Newsome, Judge; Solicitor,
R. J. Warren.
Terrell.—Rev. W. J 1 . Parks, Judge; Wm.
Spencer, Solicitor.
Sublet.—Seaborn Montgomery, Jndge.
Bisjiqp Andrew.—We have several times
teen it quite incorrectly stated, says the N. O.
Picayune, that the Rev. Bishop Andrew, of
the Methodist Church, nowin General Con
ference in this city, had “ resigned ” his of
fice, and that the Conference had accepted
his resignation; -that-he bad delivered them
“a parting address,” etc. Bishop Andrew has
only asked to be relieved from the active du
ties ot his office; and this has been granted
him. lie is placed now in the same position
as the venerable Bishop Soule,—“once a bish
op always a bishop,” but not required to per
form the active and arduous duties of his of
fice in travel and superintendence of the An
nual Conferences; yet nevertheless os much a
bishop of his church as when first set apart to
that duty. Indeed, there could be only one
way in which he could cease to be a bishop
and remain within the fold of his communion
and that, would involve a sentence which no
one would ever think it
ed on such a man as Bishop Andrew.
East Tennessee.—The Bristol Gazette
says within the last week at least a dozen
families, (among whom are those of Wm. El
Blair, James W. Dcaderick, Esq., and Wm
Morrison), have sought reiuge in our town
and vicinity from the lawless marauders of
Upper East Tennessee; many of them the
oldest and most respectable citizens of the
State—men who took no active part in the
late war, and to-day ore quiet, inoffensive,
peaceable, conservative citizens, all concur
ring in the statement that the course pursued
by Governor Brownlow and bis son, Colonri
John Brownlow, has brought about this die
regard for law and order. No one is pre
pared to appreciate the affairs in East Ten
nessee unless he can see the effects as we see
them daily. We have in our midst old, grey-
haired grandfathers, who were waited upon
by a band of ruffian fiends in human shape,
and ordered to leave the State immediately,
or the lash and rope would be applied to
them, all this, too, sanctioned by the Execu
tive of the State directly or indirectly.
The Disturbances in Upper Georgia.—
The Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel says the
recent troubles in Northern Georgia, have
been greatly overrated and that the mcasuics
adopted will speedily bring them to an end.
It has the best authority for saying that these
acts of lawlessness have been exclusively con
fined to the few counties which lie on the
Tennessee border, and that the parties chiefly
implicated ore outlaws from our sister State.
limits to avoid a trial in their own State, for
crimes committed against her laws, and have
been able to induce some of our own people
to join them in their high-handed and in
famous acts. The great body of the citizens
in that section oppose and deplore their mis
deeds as much as we do. Indeed, we have
high authority for saying that the good peo.
pie arc very largely in the majority, and that
they would organize a sufficient number of
armed men to ensure order and tlik observance
nf the law, but that the country is generally
poor and the people not able to leave their
crops at this important juncture to take the
field against these outlaws.
General Lee.
“The Mobile Register has
head of ita columns the name of Gen. Robert
E. Lee, as the States’ Rights Democratic can
didate for President in 1808.”,—[Many Ex
change.
To which the Memphis Argus very correctly
replies: If the Mobile Register has done this,
which we cannot well believe, it has done a
very foolish thing. It is unquestionably Irue
that Gen. Lee is the foremost man of all the
world in the hearts of the Southern people;
it is true that they regard him with a degree
of veneration and affection hardly second to
that they bear tbo “Father ot his Country
but no one ought to know, no one doe* know
better than the Hon. John Forsyth, editor of
the Mobile Register, that the time has not
yet come—alas! it may never come—when it
would be otherwise than an injuiy and acruel
wrong to Gen. Lee to, propose his name lor
the Presidency. The Presidency is not ne
cessary in an age like this, to set off the match-
lees character or complete the splendid fame
of General Lee. Cloy, Webster and Calhoun,
will be remembered long after most of the
Presidents of their time are forgotten. Those
great tnen will continue to blaze on the scroll
of fame, and live in story, song and tradition,
and in the hearts of the people, when 1 these
of all contemporuiy Presidents, save one, shall
bo found or heard of, only in mu
CONVENTION OF GEORGIA PLAN
TERS.
The suggestion of our correspondent in
Monroccounty, that the planters of the State
hold a convention in Macon to deliberate
over their interests ns a cla-s. is worthy of
general attention. * This is a critical time for
the agriculturalist of the South. He is en
gaged in an experiment—only an experi
ment—and working in the dark without
knowing what a day may bring forth. He is
wholly without the assurances of the past,
when he had command of his labor and
could count upon the result with some de
gree of certainty, the propitiousness of the
seasons being the only doubtful contingency.
All, however, have gone to work in good
earnest, as sensible, hopeful men, to repair
their fortunes if the means at their command
will admit of recuperation. The experience
of the present crop-season will be most valu
able as determining their policy for the fu
ture. Some will succeed, and some will fail;
though the latter should not despair too has
tily. The farming machinery is all new, and
in some hands is obliged to work to a disad
vantage. Mistakes will lie made, and under
the circumstances a comparison of views and
general exchange of opinions and experience
may do'a vast amount of good and save ns
from much harm.
The time named for the convention by our
rrespondent—September—is, perhaps, un-
ily late.. The cotton crop will ho
laid by” some two months earlier, and each
planter will know pretty well what to expect
A meeting, therefore, in July would, perhaps,
bo better, os the information to be obtained
from such a gathering of planters cannot be
had too <mrly. This, however, should be
left whollywtalh themselves, and we shall
cheerfully announce any duy that may be
agreed upon, and do what we can to iurtlior
their ohject*. We would be glad to hear
from others on the subject.
The Crops, Labor, Planters’ Conven
tion, A-c:
Mormon, County, Moy l~t, ’CG.
Editors Telegraph : Wc are pleased at
the short communications of our planting
friends published in the Telegraph, and a:
wc have entered upon an experiment with
free labor, wc hope they will continue such
correspondence from different portions ot the
State until the crops are made and gatli
ered.
Though not given to croaking, we must
admit that the prospect for the planter i n
Middle Georgia is not very flattering. There
will be a partial failure of the wheat crop—
consequent upon the dry spring, rust, and be
ing too thickly seeded.
The recent heavy rains have delayed farm
ing operations at least two week. Most of
our planters had commenced putting in cotton
seed, and continued planting during the
rainy season. The soil consequently became
cemented, and in connection with defective
seed, has caused most planters to fail in get
ting “stands” of cotton. Those that had the
seed have generally plowed up the first plant
ing up and planted over. The result will be a
backward state of the crop, and with the ad
ditional disadvantage of poor “stands” will
cause a falling off of 25 per cent in yield.
As to labor, the freedmen are working bet
ter than was generally anticipated. There is
about 40 per cent less labor employed upon
the present crop than was worked in this
county in 1860 under the most favorable cir
cumstances, we cannot estimate the present
crop of cotton higher than one-third of the
crop of 1860. The com crop is somewhat
backward owing to a delay ot the firit plow
ing.
What say our planting friends to the call of
a meeting or convention, to assemble in-Ma
con on the first Wednesday in September
next, to interchange opinions, and if deemed
necessary, to take action upon questions that
pertain to their interests ? Upon the plant
ing interest depends largely upon the future
prosperity of our State. We cannot afford
to fail.
The availability of our present class of la-
PRESBYTERIAN ACTION IN REGARD
TO THE COLORED PEOPLE.
Wc call especial attention to the proceed
ingsof the Hopewell Presbytery, published on
our first page; and wc request our exchanges I bo,.. t jj e policy of introducing immigration;
to copy them, in order that other Presbyte-1 y, e present system of agriculture; limitation
ries may obtain a knowledge of the action of 0 f t j ie production of cotton in its effects up-
this, the Oldest Presbytery in Georgia, and I remuneration> an d other questions of im-
be prepared to meet an emergency that M portance invite the co-operation of those who
suddenly been sprang upon the Presbyterian | m interested More nnon
Church of the South, and which required a
departure from long established usage, in re
gard to the colored people. Heretofore there
have been no ordained colored ministers' in
the Presbyterian Church of the South, be-
' . ■ R.
Texas Politics.—The following is tie
probable conservative ticket for State officers,
in Texas;
For Governor, J. W. Throckmorton, of
cause the requirements of the Confession of j Q 0 ]j 0n
Faith forbade it—a collegiate education be- I Lieut. Governor, G. Wash. Jones, of Bas
ing necessary on their part. Bat now the I trop.
Presbyterian colored churches, by circum-1 Attorney General, 3L G. Munson, of Bra-
stances, have, in a manner, been rendered in-
TIIE COTTON CROP OF 18(»«.
The Augusta Chronicle A Sentinel of
Wednesday, has an elaborate article on this
subject, presenting many facts and arguments
that are worthy of public attention, and
the special consideration of the commerci
class. Its conclusions, generally, agree with
those heretofore jiresented through the col
umns of this journal, and we think they arc
correct. As regards the amount of the crop
they are being strengthened by daily advice:
from all portions of the cotton-growing region,
Wc extract the material portion of the article
referred to:
The first great and leading question to be
solved is the amount of labor applied to the
production of the present crop. Iu I860 there
were something over four millions of negro
slaves in the Southern States. According to
tile census tables about one half of that num
b«r were between the ages qf ten and sixty
years. This would give two millions able to
da work. Of the four millions of slaves in
the Southern States in 1800, two millions and
forty thousand (2.040,000) were in the States
of Virginia. North Carolina, Tennessee, Ken
tacky, Missouri, and Maryland, and conse
quently were not to any considerable extent
employed in the production of cottou. It *
true, a* few thousand bales were raised in some
of these States, but the labor of those States
was principally applied to the production of
provisions, tobacco, grain, hemp, turpentine
and stock. This would leave in the cotton
ing States about two millions nf slaves
one half of whom were working lianas. From
this number wc must deduct those employed
as domestics, and in the trades; also, some
deduction should be made tor those engaged
in the cities and towns as laborers, draymen,
steredores, porters, etc.
_ We do not believe that more than eight or
nine hundred thousand hands were employed
in'the production of cottou previous to the
war. These must be added the number of
while laborers who were engaged in its cul
tivation. There were, in I860, about three
millions of white people in the seven cotton
States. Of these, one-half, or one million
five hundred thousand, were between the
ages of 10 and 60 years. About one-half of
these were males. This would give the cot
ton States seven hundred and fifty thousand
male white persons between the ages of 10
and 60 years. Of these about one third, or
two hundred and fitty thousand, were owners
of lands and slaves, who did not labor in the
fields. Of the remaining five hundred thou
sand, it is supposed that two-fifths were em-
1 in the mechanic arts, trades and pi
fessions. This would* leave three hundred
thousand field laborers. To these add the
number of slaves cmplyoyed in agriculture,
and wo have the following total field la
borers;
Slaves, ..... 000,000
Whites, - - - - ’ - 300,000,
Total, 1,200,000.
We are satisfied that this is rather over
than under the number actually employed as
agricultural laborers previous to the war.
Let us now examine for a moment the pre-
sent supply of labor, both black and white,
and see how it compares with that ot 1860.
Unfortunately, wc have no reliable data to aid
us in the investigation; we have, however, a
few facts, from which we may be able to ap-
E roximate a fair estimate of our present la-
or supply. In the firat.plocc, wc know from
the official reports that two hundred and fif
ty thousand block men have been enlisted in
the army of the United States as soldiers,
teamsters, pioneers, &c. Of this number it
will be safe to calculate not more than fifty
thousand will lioe cotton this year. Then
there is quite a large number who have
flocked to the cities and towns to avoid field
labor. • We estimate these at one hundred
thousand. There is also a considerable num
ber of women and girls from 12 to 10, who
were field hands, but now are lying up on the
plantations in idleness their 'husbands and
fathers supporting them. A great many field
women have also sought and obtained em
ployment as house women, cooks, chamber
maids, washer-women, Ac. These must be
all deducted from the number formerly em
ployed in the cotton fields. Thus wc have
Enlisted soldiers, Ac 200.000
Engaged in cities and towns 100,000
Women and girls not working 100,060
Women and girls doing house work 25,000
Total 435,000
Making a total of four hundred and twenty-
five thousand hands withdraw from the pro
duction of cotton. To these must be added
the number who have died during the war.
„ „ . , These have been estimated high as one-fourth
The New Orleans Picayune gives the fol-1 0 f the entire blaet population. Withoutstop-
'hether this is a fair estimate
zona.
. „ , , . , . _ . . Comptroller, W. L. Itobards, of Travis,
dependent of the white churches; and, in I Treasurer, Mark Rovston, of Washington,
the apprehension of the Hoppwell Presbytery, j Commissioner General Land Office, Stephen
it became desirable to have all such colored | Crosby, of Travis.
churches organized into self-existing bodies,! Supreme Court. G. F. Moor, of Travis; G,
preserving their Presbyterian form of amnee- &!L?8Sd5^R
tion, and prepared gradually for a state I Don ly, of Cherokee.
affairs that would enable them to organize I The following is understood to be the rad-
colored Presbyctries, which we think will be t j c ]j C t s ;
the legitimate results of this course of action. I For Governor, E. M. Pease, of Travis
The steps taken by the Hopewell Presbytery, county,
are the first in the order of proceeding to-1 For Lieut. Governor, B. H. Epperson, of
wards such a consummation. In this city on River county^ 1! Ll
. 7" . . x , .. . .. For Attorney General, C. C. Binkley, of
the 10th inst., an adjourned meeting of the I Grayson county.
Hopewell Prebytery will be held. Rev. Da- For Comptroller, James H. Shaw, of Burle-
vid Wills, of Macon, will preside and pro- son county.
pose the constitutional questions, and deliver I For Treasurer, Sam. Harris, of Travis
the charge to the ministers; the Rev. Mr. pTof Commissioner of the Land Office, Fran
Flinn, of Milledgeville, will preach the or- c j s M white, of Jackson county,
daining Scrrmon. Rev. Mr. Safford, of Green-s For Judge, of the Supreme Court, Wm. E.
boro’, “will deliver the chargo to the congre-1 J°pes, oLBexar county; James II. Bell, of
gat,on provided these men shall be to- “ounty?''wm^StSmS^oTRus^
garded as ordained ministers in the Presby-1 CO unty; Wm II. Johnson, of Lamar county,
tori an church, only among their own people, The election takes place on the first Mon-
and that the Presbytery will not set apart the [ day in June.—N. O. lime*.
said colored persons unlcssttlicy obtain from
them previously a public expression of their | The New Methodist Bishops,
adhesion to the doctrines and discipline of the
Presbyterian church, and be fully persuaded of I lowing brief sketches of the four gentlemen | ping to inquire w]
lteportcd lor the Southern Banner.
Proceedings ot Hopewell Presbytery.
Athens, April 18th,
Hopewell Presbytery held its stated annu
al meeting in Athens, and was opened with
a sermon from Rev. G. II. Cortledge.
Psalms 87,1 A 2. “The Lord Reigncth, let the
earth rejoice, let the multitude of the isles he glad
thereof. Clouds and drrkucss arc round about
him; righteousness und judgment are the habita
tion oi Lis throne.
Rev. David V* ills, of Macon, was elected
Moderator, and Rev. R. C. Kctclium, of
Clarksville, and E. A. Rowland, Esq., of Au
gusta, teuqiorary Clerks.
Rev. Dr. J. J. Robinson, of Lexington, was
enrolled as a member, and the church of El
berton was received under the care of Prfcs
bytery.
A memorial was received from the colored
people of the Presbyterian Church in Ma
con, and referred to a special committee, con
sisting of Rev. J. R. Wilson, D. D., E. W
Lane and Wm. L. Mitchell, and after mature
consideration the committee made a report
which was discussed, amended and adopted,
as follows:
Whereas, the general assembly has signi
fied the purpose of the Church to do all in
her power to encourage, foster and assist the
colored members of the Presbyterian Church
if they should desire to organize themselves
into distinct congregations, with either white
or colored Elders and Pastors, as may bo
found most convenient; therefore,
Ilesolved, That the colored members of the
Church in question be informed by the Pastor
thurcof Jin any way he may deem "proper, that
they have the lull permission of this Presbytery,
provided they can obtain that of the church to
which they now belong, to be organized into a sep
arate church for colored people.
Re-vAved, That should such organization be re
solved upon by these colored members, and their
conclusion meet the sanction of the Church Ses
sion, then the Pastor of the Church at Macon, to-
fether with any two ruling Elders, to be selected
:rom the session thereof, be hereby appointed a
committee to organize said new Church, in accor
dance with the discipline of the Presbyterian
Church.
■ Eetolvtd, That the Presbytery will holdtm ad-
, oumed meeting in Macon on the 10th day of May,
L8GC, at S o’clock P. M., to 6et apart, if the way bo
clear, Joseph Williams, Robert Carter and David
Lancy, colored members of the Macon Church, as
colored Presbyterian ministers, with power to
preach the Gospel, to administer the sacraments
of the Church,.to solemnize marriage, to ordain
ruling Elders and Deacons, all among colored
people, and that Rev. David Wills be appointed to
preside and propose the constitutional questions
and deliver ihe charge to the ministers, the Rev.
Wm. Ftiuu preach the sermon, and Rev. H Saf-
lold deliver the charge to the congregation, provi
ded that these men shall be regarded as ordained
ministers in the Presbyterian Church, only among
their own people, and that the Presbytery will not
set apart the said colored persons unless they ob
tain from them previously a public expression of
the Presbyterian Church, and fully persuaded of
Boy
Visit to Siiutn Anna—A Sandusky
Breakfasts With Him.
The Sandusky Register publishes an in
teresting letter front a Sandusky boy, a grad
uate ot the U. S. Naval Academy, and now a
midshipman in the navy, whose vessel, the
Swatara, recently touched at St. Thomas.—
We copy the following:
“On the 11th, five of us midshipmen went
up by Santa Anna’s residence, hoping to get
a sight of tlie noted General. As good luck
would have it, one of the sudden rain storms
peculiar to the tropics came up just as we
were opposite his hone, and observin
the
From the New York Herald.
What Cotton Has IDoue for Us Since
War.
The amount of cotton that has com,
the South since the war dosed has been o,Vi
in value to six or seven years’. production ,
the precious metals in the whole counts
We do not mean equal in value onlv i n \T
same way that the corn, wheat or hay cr 0! >-
estimated, but ia a much more important L5
\\ 1 . i " t : oil <s li< (>■ !
prime necessity for homo consumption
only employs Bullions of hands and bundle'
of millions of capital among our.-elves—.pi!
^ ___ it takes the same place as gold and silver^
condition, an American, who appears to be* the commerce acd exchanges ot the worlds
the General's minor domo, came out and invit-," .A. s sen , se "c ?a y the three to fdiir hunting
? a _ i _ !a? i*i li millinna nf" rlnllfirc* irnptlt aP DAtfAn aL.i
millions of dollars' worth of cotton that!].'
come out of the South since the war closedk
in one year—is equal in value to six or sev^
years’ production of precious metals in (V:
forma and the other States and Territorial*
the Pacific side of the continent. W(
ed us to enter, a proposition which we glad
ly accepted. We were shown into a kind of
a parlor, most 1 beautifully furnished
with Brussels carpets. six large-
sized mirrors, splendid furniture in
the way of chairs, tables, sofas, etc., etc.,
etc., and marble statuary in abun
dance. While we were looking at everything
with true Yankee inquisitiveness, tlie General
sent in his Major Domo to invite two of us to
take breakfast with him, but as there were j ls about correct.^ The amount of Cottos
five ns the Major decided that we should ] “**bcen variously estimated trom a million
draw lots for the honor. lie accordingly o°d a half bales to two millions and a hal£-_
produced two handkerchiefs, and tying a ; amount was two millions of bales ;
knot in the corner ot one, placed all four eor- a ! , tius ’ at , t * le ’"Rh price of cotton, would
ners of one and one comer of the other to-1 over three hundred millions iu gold,
gether and invited us to draw, after the man- _ Few, probably, have reflected upon the in.
ner of drawing straws. I was unluckv . ence ™ “lis on the country, on otfr condi-
enough not to draw either the knot or' the “On and credit, and on the relntivc value of
single handkerchief, and therefore couldn’t an ■ currency. Suppose the South h*d
go in, hut I didn’t regret it, as he shortly af- jeen nlcre ‘-’ a g ral ?, com, or stock producing
• - s Pe*i
m round numbers, for wc have not the d*s
to be precise as to a few millions. But evc-4
commercial man or statistician who h2
thought upon the subject knows that ouresfi.
mate is about correct. The amount of com,. I
tq_r requested us to wait and take coffee
with him, which proposition we were no
thing loth to immediately accept, as wc can
not drink cofiee with Santa Anna every
dag. As soon as breakfast was over (it ought
to have been called dinner, for it was 13
o’clock M., and they had everything that tee
Y'ould have at that meal, though cooked in
Mexican style,) we went in, and after being
separately introduced to the General, took
the table. Wo attempted a
country, or producing such other things only
as a people consume within themselves, it
would have had little or nothing to spare, or
that the rest of the world would have re-
quired, when the war ended. Or suppose the
Southerners could have used this valuable
production during the wnr, what would have
been the result ? Had not our navy block
aded their harbors and coast and sealed up
the cotton, what immense resources would
have been at their use. We know not hoiy
our. seats at I9IH , t w _ . ...
conversation with him, but found he could the war might have been prolonged, or
speak nothing but Spanish. There were what would have been the eud ot k. AVe
several at the table besides ourselves, viz: ,ff lvo f \ U3 credit to the naty tor the
an American, a Dane, n Mexican or two, and m ''aluable service it rendered. But let us
a Carthagenian. There was also a Spaniard reflcctuponwhat our condition would have
from Peru, Senor Lozana, a dark-looking I after ti>e war was over, and would be
man, who is a poet. He was the only celeb- *°, r a 'o n o tlm c to come, without this cottou
rity besides the General and ou'rtelee* (!) The ?/ thc J®"*- , The ^public had raised upon
coffee was served up in the finest Sevrc china, 1 J S credit within a short time sums of money
.. *. _ . a vhor nn nofiArt lioel nvrni* r.iicorl .. i
on a silver salver, thc largest I ever saw. Af
ter coffee came wine and cigars. The Amer-
that no nation had ever raised before; and
more, probably, than any other could raise.
Little short of a thousand millions had been
ters.
tbeir personal piety and ofr their competency I recently chosen as Bishops of the Methodist
to instruct colored congregations in religions I Church. It will be seen that three out of the
matters. The following colored members of the I four were editora in tbeir days :
Macon Presbyterian church will Oe ordainedl Rev. Wm. M.‘Weigttman, D. D.« L L. D., tlie following figures:
by the laying on of hands: Joseph Williams, » a South Carolinian, and formerly editor of
*. _ i. ® . the Charleston Chnsuan Advocate. He is
Robert Carter and David Laney. Their I we jj k nown 05 the biographer of Bishop
church will then by an independent, newly I Capers. He is a man of extensive and pro-
organized church, in accordance with thc I found learning, and is now President of the
discipline of the Presbyterian church, subject University of Alabama, at Greensboro, in that
to thc ecclesiastical control of the Hopewell St g^ D S . Doggett, D. D., was editor for
Presbytery, until a sufficient number of col- many yearg 0 f t jj C Methodist Quarterly Re-
ored churches shall unite and form a distinct view, and now presides over the Episcopal
Presbytery. . Methodist, at Richmond, Va., of which State
It will be perceived that this action is im- he is a son, and is highly esteemed for bis
portant, as it lays the groundwork for an in- scholarship and ability as a writer and pulpit
dependent colored Presbyterian Church at «»*£ K n McTyier0i D D „ j, weU known
the South; and shows that thc white Pres-1 ] iere? w b e n as editor of thc Christian Advo
byterians of Georgia, have taken a new and I cate, and hs an eloquent occupant of our pul-
bold stand in the premises. pits, he so long attracted crowded audiences
- — to the sanctuary.
Chamber of Commerce.—The preliminary w Rev. E. M. Maiwin is less known among us.
1 He comes from Missouri, from which State
as his chaplain
of the entire mortality of the black race, we
think that we may safely estimate the mor
tality among those between 15 and GO to be
at least one hundred thousand. Then we have
These bad men have been run into our mcctin g of merchants yesterday at the City I {^^“t wilh Gen^Price
tire available plantation labor in thc seven
Hall, with the view of forming a Chamber of I j^o*tb*e army” and'served^ on* th*at peaceful ° f «>orgia, ^Alabama, Mbsjssippi,
Commerce, was a most gratifying success. It nn( i heavenly duty throughout the lato un-
was largely attended by gentlemen represent
ing every branch of trade. Mr. P. E. Bowdre,
was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Henry L. Jew
ett, Secretary of the mccting. With regard
to thc action of thc body, we con only state
that the old Chamber of Commerce of Macon,
happy conflict. Thc tact that his ministerial
! brethren chose him bishop on thc first ballot,
shows their high estimate ol his charac
ter and abilities.
Slave* ia the cotton Stales employed in
1860 as field laborers, . . . 900,000
From which deduct enlisted sol
diers, .... 200,000
Engaged in cities and towns, 75,000
Women and girls not working, 100,000
Women and girl* doing house
work, 25,000
Died since the war, . 100,000—500,000
Which leaves... 400,000
as thc entire available black labor now en
gaged in raising cotton. To this wc must
add the amount of white labor thus employ
ed. We have seen that about three hundred
thousand whites were engaged as farm labor
ers before the war. At least one-fourth of
them were killed or maimed during the con
flict This would leave two hundred and
twenty-five thousand now at work in the pro
duction of cotton. Then wc have as the cn-
Jietolved, That the colored Church, when organ
ized shall bo subject to the ecclesiastic control and
discipline of this court and that its pastor or pas
ters shall report -its condition at every regular
meeting ot the Presbytery.
In as much as the whole subject of the religious
constitution of the colored people was referred to
this committee, we beg leave also to report the
following resolution:
Eetolvtd, That our pastors and stated supplies be
directed to hold, if possible; at least one meeting
in each week for public worship tor the special
benefit of the colored people, and also to endeavor
to organize Sabbath Schools among them at every
practicable point
The Presbytery also adopted the follow
ing:
In order to give such employment to our
candidates for thc ministry during their va
cations as will be useful in training them in
the practical duties of thc ministry, it was
moved by Rev. J. W. Woodrow that an exec
utive committee of education be appointed
annually, whose duty it shall be to take the
direction ot the studies and work of our can
didates for the ministry and when neces
sary to furnish thc means for their support.
The following were chosen the members of
this committee: Rev. C. W. Lane of Greens
boro, Chairman, tagether with Rev. J. W.
Reid and Ruling Elders, E. L. Newton, W.
Mitchell and D. Powell.
The Presbytery is to hold an adjourned
meeting in Danielsville on Friday evening
before the third Sabbath in June next, with
the view of ordaining the Licentiate, Thos.
O. Cleveland, if the way be clear.
Greensboro, was selected as the next place
of meeting, on Thursday before thc last Sab
bath in September at 7 1-2 o'clock p. m.
Much business was done in the Presbytery,
and the spirit of the brethren was decidedly
cheerful and their action very harmonious
and pleasant.
This body expressed its deepest sympathy
with the venerable Pastor of this Church,
Rev. N. Hoyt, D. D., and manifested their
reverence and respect by standing.
Thc Methodist and Bnptists kindly tender
ed their Pulpits to thc Presbytery, which were
Occupied by thc Rev. Messrs. Ketchum and
moral law, . and as only. , a Spanish-
bom could express it, tor the poet
acted as our interpreter, and lie did get it off
well, too. I wanted to pat him on the back.
It pleased the General amazingly, too, and
he returned if in true Hidalgo style, saying
that everything lie possessed was ours, and
we could make ourselves at home, &c., &c.—
I forgot to mention that he proposed a toast
to us during the meal, viz: that wc might all
become Admirals. After everything was said
and done, and we could find no excuse for
staying any longer, we took our departure,
wcil pleased with our day’s adventures. In
fact, I think I never passed a more singularly
agreeable day in my life.”
Crops &cWest,
following paragraphs from the
was declared dissolved; a new Chamber was I N. O. Picayun, 25th ult
then formed, all present subscribing; after I crops and ladorijis in Mississippi.
which a committee was appointed to draft a I From different parts of Mississippi come
r*^^“■^ssssr^’ss
adjourned meeting at 4 o clock, r. m., - Ion-1 f orraer wc quote promising, except when old
day next. A resolution was adopted extend- seed has been used, which comes up, perhaps,
ing an invitation to all merchats and others I but then dies down, and that thc laborers arc
feeling an interest in the business of the ^ l^tcr, as a general thing than was
. . ... . , .. expected of them. Yet wo do hear com-
i placed at the city, to come forward on that day and unite plaints> bcro and therc , of too much rain for
ot Gen. Robert w ; dl tlso organization. j the crops, and a disposition to play old soldier
on thc part of the laborers, in Lowndes
Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas Florida and South
Carolina—
Blacks 400,000
Whites, 235,000
Total, 625,000
Against
Blacks, 900,000
Whites, 300,000
A Handsome Present.—To our excellent county, particularly, we see it stated that they
friend, Mrs. J. A. L. Lee, of Muscogee county, ^7° already notified their employers that
, ’ . . ’ . . ° m this year they will make cotton, but that
whose refinement and good taste are ll.ustrat- ncx j ycar they will not work for any man,
ed in everything around her, and who never but make corn for themselves only. The
forgets us in the season of fruits and flowtre, planters arc therefore striving to make all the
wo are indebted for a splendid boquet, culled cotton they can now, as next year they will
, , • , , ... . , have to hoe their own rows,
from her own garden and wrought into a col
lection of beauties by her own hand. We
appreciate the compliment, and thank her
most sincerely for her kindly rcmembance.
AFFAIRS ON THE OUACHITA.
| We learn from a gentleman who arived this
morning direct from Monroe that thc crops
are very backward in that low and extensive
ly overflowed district, and promise no more
How Well it is to Keep Property In- than a third of a harvest. Thc ground is cold
SURKD.-A few days since wc noticed the and co ™£F‘ iaate V As for cotton
, - , ... . _ _ , . , the seed planted, and most of that on hand
burning ol a dwelling house of Dr. Josiah j s f our or j] ve years old and rotten. This is
A. 1-lournoy, in Houston county. Wc art- the case with that even which was housed
pleased to learn that he had a few days before most care fully and kept free from moisture,
thc burning, insured in one of thc Companies. AH the planters’ efforts to raise a crop ofcot-
.11 .i.ii i i- ., T ton therefore will be unavailing. Ofoldcot-
represented by that old and rcl.aole Insurance t()n Jgn, I1(W ; )Ut Ycry fe tll:U part
Agent, E. C. Granniss, Esq., and that the of thc country. As our informant came down
papers have been sent forward for.a settle-1 the river lie was eye witness of thc inunda-
ment of the policy.
I tion of the western parishes.
documents or in
'
statistical enumerutic
Gen. Robert E. Lee.—This distinguished
Southerner and military chief, the Raleigh
Progress learns, is to be present at tlie June
commencement, at Chapel Hill, N. C. It is
expected that he will addrecs the students.—
ty ofli-.-iaj I This gives additional interest to that usually
attractive occasion.
SmauULR.—A most extraordinary occur
rence took place along the line of thc Nash
ville Sind Decatur railroad, between Colum-
and Pulaski, during the thunder storm
last Friday night. A half mile of thc tele
graph wires were melt-d. and divided over
that whole di-tance into email fragments, ’ir
regular in shape, nud many of them no larger
than a buckshot, ora small rifle ball. i
Total 1,300.000
in 1860. Thus we have for the production of
the present crop but a little over one-half the
labor employed in 1860.
In properly estimating the extent of the
growing crop, we should also bear in mind
the infirm character of thc labor now employ
ed as compared to that of 1860. Thc expert
ment of free negro labor it yet to to be work
ed out. Wo believe that they are so far' do
ing much better than thc most hopeful had
anticipated. No one with whom we have'
communicated, however, rates them os full
and efficient laborers as under the old system.
Something must be allowed for this dcliicicn-
cy in the character of our present labor.—
This, as a matter of course, is-a mere matter
of conjecture. Some some say they arc only
half as efficient as formerly—some think they
do about two-thirds the labor they accom
plished before thc war, and some put it a
little higher still. But estimating each hand
employed, as good as ic 18G0, and wc cannot
under the most favorable seasons expect more
than a half crop, or 2,000,000 bales.
There cannot be more than one-half the
land planted, which was cultivated in 1860.
For want of effective stock, and the compel
led use of inferior implements, the prepara
tion for the crop has been very imperfect.—
Thc scarcity and consequent high price of
seed has compelled our planters to put too
littleseed in thc earth—their planting will be
the cause of bad stands. The condition of
the plough animals is very poor, on account
of the great scarcity of corn, resulting from
the failure of the negroes to work and house
the last crop.
Taking ad these things into consideration
we do not believe that a crop of more than
eighteen hundred thousand bales can be pos
sibly raised this year. If there should be an
early lrost, or any very great extremes of wet
or dry weather, it will fall short of that
amount. Indeed, there are so many acci
dents likely to effect the growth of the plant,
that it would be extremely hazardous to make
timatc of tlie crop, save upon the
Newton on Sabbath morning.
The thanks of the Presbytery were tender
ed to the citizens of Athens for their hospi
tality and attention; when the body was ad
journed and the Presbytery closed with sing
ing, prayer, and the apostolic benediction.
Felling Trees by Fire.
The idea of burning down a tree six or
eight feet in diameter, and solid and green,
would have seemed to be as simply absurd
and ridiculous. But thc thing is done in
Oregon every day at a vast saving of time
and labor. The operation is performed in
thiswise: A hole is bored into the tree
horizontally, the nearer thc center the better.
Then directly under this hole another is bored
at an angle of elevation such that the holes
meet together.near the center of tlie tree. A
coal of tire with a little kindling is intro
duced into thc orifice thus formed, and the
lower hole causes a draught, and the upper
one performs the functious of a chimney.—
The heart of the tree is dry, and contains a
considerable amount of pitch, and when ma
nipulated, as I have described, burns briskly,
It is generally necessary to feed this lire
with some fresh fuel from time to time. But
one man can keep a large number ot trees
thus burning, and will get twenty or a hun
dred frees down thus much quicker and easier
than he could otherwise do. In a similar
manner, when the tree is cut down, it is cut
into pieces by being burned in two. A hole
is bored into the log from thc top, and an
other from the side, till they meet as before
described, when the perpendicular hole acts
as a flue, and thc horizontal one furnishes the
draught. It often happens that in thc burn
ing a large three into lengths, for saw logs,
there is not more timber wasted than would
result from chopping off the log with an axe.
Simplicity in Language.—Don’t part with
your common sense when you write. .You
need not make an idiot of yourself, because
you have a pen in your band. Be simple, be
honest, be unaffected in your speaking and
writing. Never use a long wrird where a
short one will do. Call things by their pro
per names; never smother your thought by
a cloud of phrases; let a spade be a spade,
not a well-known oblong instrument of man
ual industry; let home be home, not a resi
dence ; a place a place, not a locality. Write
as much as you would speak, speak as you
think. With your inferiors, speak no coar
ser than usual; with your superiors, no
finer. Be what you say, and say what you are.
Avoid all oddity of expression. The wise
man will not speak that no one may ob
serve how he speaks. Above all, do not bore
your company with an aflectation of precision
and accuracy. One of the worst nuisances is
the talker who is always setting you right.—
If some one says that 10,000 men were killed
in some battle, do not tell him that it was
only 9,990. Allow for a little latitude of
statement in the freedom of easy talk, and be
not shocked with a certain degree of hannless
embellishment, when no false imjire- ion is
given or intended. Talk not to please your
self, but your neighbor; give him tlie refresh
ment of sitting by a cheerful, modest, sensi
ble talker: one who is equally ready to give
or take, and who leaves his facts and opinions
Strange Customs.
The following is a curious account of the
- habits and customs of some of the tribes in
the interior of Africa, as wc find it in the new
volume of travels of David and Charles Liv
ingstone, just issued in London. Speaking
of the women of Morambala, the narrative
says:
These damsels looked with considerable
disgust on the “men in bags,” as the trowser-
ed whites were called. Even the less fastidi
ous matrons quieted their children by threat
ening to fetch the white man to bite them
In their eyes, Dr. Livingstone, busy with the
wet and dry bulb thermometers, was an ob
ject of pity, “ playing witli toys like a little
boy;” but when they beheld the travelers
spreading butter, “raw butter,” on their
bread, their disgust was beyond expression
They only use butter, after melting it, to an
oint their heads and bodies.
■The most wonderful of ornament, if such it
may be called, is thc pelele or upper lip ring
of the women. The middle of the upper lip
for the ring is pierced close to the septum of
the nose, and a small pin inserted to prevent
the puncture closing up. -Viter it is healed
the pin is taken out and a larger one is press
ed into its place, and so on successively for
weeks, and months, and years. The progress
of increasing the size of the lip goes on till
its capacity becomes so great that a ring of
two inches in diameter can be introduced
with ease.
All the highland women wear the pelele,
and it is common on thc upper and lower
shire. Thc poorer classes make them of hol
low or solid bamboo, but the wealthier of
ivory or tin. The tin pelele is often made in
the form of a small dish. The ivoiy one is
not unlike a napkin-ring. No woman ever
appears in public without thc pelele, except
in time of mourning for thc dead. It is
frightfully ugly to sec the upper lip projec
ting two inches beyond the tip of the nose.—
When an old wearer of a hollow bamboo ring
smiles, by the action of the muscles of the
cheeks, the ring and the lip outside of it are
dragged back and thrown above the eyebrows.
The nose is seen through tlie middle of the
ring, and the exposed teeth show how care
fully they have been chipped to look like
those of a cat or crocodile.
The pelele ot an old lady, Cliikanda Kadzc,
a chieftainess, about 20 miles north of Mo
rambala, bung down below her chin, with, of
coarse, a piece of the upper lip around its
border. The labial letters cannot bo proper
ly pronounced, but the upper lip has to do
its best for them against the upper teeth and
gum. Tell them it makes them ugly; they
had better throw it awhy; they reply, “Kodii!
Really! it is the fashion!” How this hideous
fashion originated is an enigma. Can thick
lips ever have been thought beautiful, and
this mode of artificial enlargement resorted to
in consequence ?
The constant twiddling of the pelele with
the tongue < by the younger women suggested
the irreverent idea that it might have been
invented to give safe employment to that
littlo member. “Why do the women wear
these things ?” we inquired of the old chief,
Chinsune. Evidently surprised at such u
stupid question, he replied: “For beauty, to
be sure! Men have beards and whiskers;
women have none; and what kind of a crea
ture would a woman be without whiskers and
without a pelele ? She would have a mouth
like a man, and no beard; lia! ha! ha!”—
Afterward, on the Rovtima, we found men
earing the pelele as well as women.
ican acted as interpreter and wc managed to A,UHC . _ ■ . ■
get along very well. expended in a year. But this . xtraord.aary
“The General looks like a very fine old financial success nmst have been followed by
tlu-ir personal piety and' of tbeir competency to man; is sixty-ciglm years old, with hair of a aa °,^ at ^ ^
instruct colored congregations in religious nast- I dark brown, and appears to be in perfect n0 ™, d , cot . foa South.
' health. He does not wear spectacles, and The production of the precious metals,
seems likely to retain liissight for many years S roa - as it is, would have, beea veiy tnade-
yet. After'cigars we made , graceful adieu, ^ ate to meet the necessities of the country,
which was rendered by the interpreter as only , The credit of the Government abroad would
an expression of that sort can be rendered, in ^ cei J 1°^ the revenue would have been
the most flowing oi Spanish sentences. It much reduced-for ouV former large com-
made me stare to bear our short speech trans- would have remained suspended-gold
translated into words as long as the v I oud flowed! rom the countir, an dm-
- _ - stead of being, os it is to-day, at a premium
of twenty-six or twenty-seven, it would have
reached, probably, two hundred or more.—
What else but tins cotton has brought down
gold from two hundred to one hundred and
twenty-seven in little over a year ? This lies
been accomplished, too, under tlie pressure
of an enormous debt, suddenly contracted,
and enormous expenditures. What else has
set those steamship lines in motion to the
South, stimulated thc most active trade, in
creased immensely our foreign commerce, fill
ed thc Treasury with money, and promoted
general prosperity ? In fact it is difficult, to
realize the evils we have been saved from, or
to estimate the vast benefits obtained from
the cotton that lias been brought out of the
South within one year.
We may form some idea of what our con
dition would have been, by referring to the
history of other nations under similar circum
stances. Take the case of England, for ex
ample, at the close of the long and exhausting
war against Napoleon iu 1814. She had ac
cumulated an enormous debt, and her com
merce with the rest of Europe had been para
lyzed. The pressure of this debt and the do-,
mands of the country for supplies from abroad,
together with the spirit of speculation that
revived witli the return of peace, drained the
country of a large amount of specie. Years
of depression, revulsion, and intense suffering
among thc mass ot the people followed as a
natural consequence. Now, suppose England
had possessed in 1815 thc same amount of
cotton we found, or that she had suddenly
discovered three or four hundred millions in
gold, which would have been the same thing,
how easily, comparatively, sue would have
passed through her troubles. What is India
to England, or what were the mirfes of South
America to Spain, compared with tho South
to tho North! Yet we see the extraor
dinary spectacle of a powerful party trying
to ruin this greatest of all El Dorados. The
crazy revolutionists of France never did any
th ng so foolish or so ruinous. We need the
valuable productions of tho South hereafter
ns much as we needed them during the last
year. Prosperous as we have been under the
difficulties of our situation, wc are not yet
out of danger. Wc shall require a large
amount of cotton to pay for our increasing
importations, and the' interest of the debt
held abroad, to say nothing ot our own man
ufactures and supplying our people with
cheaper clothing. If the cultivation of cot
ton be retarded through the instmc legisla
tion of our radical Congress, wc shall yet feel
sorely the effects of the war which have been
averted up to the present time by tlie stock ',
of cotton on hand. It is time the commer
cial classes of (he community understood
this. Let them and let the whole people de
mand the speedy restoration of the South—
of that great and valuable section of the
country—to its former status in the Union.—
That is the true way to save us from revul
sion, to restore specie payments, t<f enable
the Government to meet the debt, to' ease our
burdens, and to keep the country going on
in its career of prosperity. <
Civil Worth of the Sabbath.
1. Toil needs it—to wipe off the grime and
sweat of labor; to refresh by change of appa
rel; to restore and it vigerate the body, ex
hausted by labor; to enliven the mind by
change of current of nought, a^d by all this,
to fit laboring men for thc renewing toils ot
the week.
Capital needs the Sabbath—to alleviate
by intermission the care of accumulation; to
e:tse the unbending of the strained and ex
hausted mind; to give a sense of the value
of nobler objects than silver or gold; to keep
men’s humanity and conscientiousness alive;
to shield capital from harm by securing the
power and triumph of law and order in so
ciety.
3.’ The State needs the Sabbath—to illu
mine thc public conscience, that guardian of
public safety; to cause men to recognize the
Eternal Lawgiver, as to honor the earthly
‘powers that be;” to secure the moral atmos
phere in a community which is the only sure
upport of law.
Adelina Patti in Europe.—Thc Paris
correspondence of the New Orleans Picayune
says:
The Parisian newspapers—ever fond of
novelty and jealous of success—are begiaing
to attack Mademoiselle Patti with great
cruelty. One of them was so merciless that
the Priina Donna after rending his article
id a violent attack of histories, and was
Will Dnr Goods Again Advance ?—On
this subject the New York Sun takes a nega
tive position, and reads as follows:
“The price of raw cotton was at one stage
of thc war over one dollar per pound. Now
the average price in New York is less than 40
cents a pound, the deduction being caused
not by an increase of supply, for little cottou
has been grown since the high figures were
current; but it is caused by thc certainty of
supply in future. The decline in the valua
of imported goods is attributable partly to
this cause, but direetly to tlie decline in gold-
Now if there is no probability that gold win
advance to any material extent, nor is it like -
tea-
obliged to be put to bed, although her name ilv that any new cause will intervene to
waa on the play-bills that night at Rosina in | sion distrust in relation to the supply of cot-
thc “Barber of Seville,” and 17,000f had been | ton ; consequently, there is no ground upon
taken in at the box-office for seats secured which to base the opinion that prices in tje
for tlie evening. Mademoiselle Adelina Patti i d-'v goods market will again advance.
grounds which we have taken.
She will re-1 ual. It has occurred in spite of the most stn-u-
e, and play uous opposition of the speculative imerW--
on your memory, not the words in which they | has signed an engagement for Russia; she | present-decline has been very steady and gn
were uttered. Be agentlcman in openness of ‘ ... — — 1 - - - ...... ■
demeanor, in simplicity of language, in free
dom from singularity, if not by birth. Show
your good taste and breeding in your speech
and style, if not in thc fashion of your dress
yor our knowledge of etiquette.
-afl-
_;igedlbr three months,
ceivo $2,000 each performance,
eight times a month ; in other words .-lie will j and it may be set down as the natural a
receive •'JlG.OOO a month—$4S.OOO for the | git imate etfect ot tl.o transition of a
three months—to say nothing of the presents, j trom a condition ol’ comparative con
etc., which are reckoned at $20,000 more. 1 stability and certainty.”
lence