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THE GEORGIA WET,ELY TELEGRAPH.
WM »lp " iBBI
Cuottiia olrclili! <T tlfjrajr^
AN
AMI IXISTRATION PARTY
SOUTH.
A few of our contemporaries have "called up-
Major John E. Mulford, late United on tlie people of the South to hold public
States Commissioner for the exchange ot pxis- meetings and organize a Johnson party. The
. oners, and well-known in Baltimore, is lying
at the point of death at the house of a triend
in Richmond.
Mustering out at Charleston.—Gener
al Denvers, commanding 1 at Charleston, has
received orders to muster out all white vol
untcers in that department, among them the
Fifteenth and Twenty-ninth Maine, the Fifth
Ohio, and tlic Thirtieth Massachusetts.
■. ■- -«». —
Bishop Polk’s Successor.—'The Louisiana
Episcopal Convention have made choice of
Rev. J. P. B. Wilmer, of Virginia, latterly
Missionary Bishop ot Alabama, ns successor
to Bishop Polk in the diocese of Louisiana
a most excellent selection.
The Jackson Mississippian says that,
notwithstanding “it is not safe for a North
ern man to travel in the South,” tlic3c fel
lows manage to go everywhere and get home
safe! They generally turn up alivo and
swearing—before the Committee of Fifteen!
‘ ,V fight between Austria and Prussia
would lie no small affair. The army of the
former, upon full war footing, is said to
amount to 579,000 men, and the available
iorcc of the Prussian army is about 867,000
men, which, in case of extreme need, can be
increased to 500,000,
The True Southern Doctrine.—The N
Y. ’World says: “It we were Southern men,
we would much prefer being deprived of all
political rights than of making any com
promise or concession. A man cannot help
being flogged; that is a question of strength.
He can help degrading himself by any com
pliance not extorted.”
The ReinkorceSuents for the Imperial
ists in Mexico—It Is reported that some
sharp diplomatic notes have recently passed
between Mr. Seward nnd the French Minis
ter in regard to the French nnd Austrian
troops who hnvo recently landed at Vera
Cruz. It js said that Mr. Seward insists that
no more French troops must be sent to Mexi
co, even to take the place of those killed or
disabled by wounds, or whose time has expir
ed. The French Minister, it is said, states
that the landing of these or subsequent bod
ics of reinfoiceinents will not prevent a delay
m the evacuation of Mexico by the French in
the three detachments heretofore specified.
The fact that the first detachment of Aus
trian troops, two thousand men, have sailed
for Mexico, is confirmed.
Fixe Clothing.—We neglected, yesterday,
to call attention to the dashing advertise
ment of Winsliip & Callaway, that well
known and long established firm of bur city.
By referring to that advertisement it will be
seen that they are offering, very cheap, any
style of Summer Clothing, and that those
who call may get bargains. Wc can guaran
tee a courteous reception, and satisfaction to
those who purchase of these gentlemen.—
Give them an early call and examine for your
self, and if you don’t be suited it will be your
own fault; at all events, rest assured that Cal
lawny will, for a consideration, give you fits—
not such as you will object to, however. We,
ourself, pant to invest in that stock to the ex
tent of an outfit or two, and may do so, when
our cash suit* our desires.
The Crescent Monthly for May is before
us, with the subjoined interesting table of
contents: Gen. Lee and His Campaigns; The
Hamadryad; Philip, my Son; Lee to the
Rear; Chess Gossip; The Bewitched Farm.
Parti; Rationalism in Europe; The Letter
Notes in Rome, Social nnd Artistic; Lord
Macaulay; Editorial Notes, (very interest
ing); Literary Notices; The Confederate
Flag, and a Sonnet.
We nre glad, at length, to witness the cul
mination of a Southern magazine. In the
Crescent wo have such an one. It is capital,
and is likely to be a literary magazine that
will develop and foster Southern talent to
an extent that will show to the world that
the Southern mind has moro of genius than it
has ever had credit for. Wc advise all to
subscribe. Subscription one year $5, six
months $3. Address Wra. Evelyn, publisher,
No. 90, Comp street, New Orleans, La.
National Express Company.—Wc were
shown a few days Eince, says the Savannah
Herald, a letter from Col. Woodward, the Su
perintendent of the Southern Divisiop of the
National Express Company, containing a list
of the largo number of ofliccs which lia/e
been established by him in this State, and giv
ing a glowing account of the business pros
pects of the company in the different cities
and at stations on the different roads where
way offices have been established. The busi
ness prospects of the Company, we are inform
ed, are flourishing, so much so that in several
cities where offices liavo been recently opened,
additional warehouses had to be procured to
accommodate the large amount of freight re
ceived for shipment. Since Col. Woodward
became associated with the Company, new
energy seems to have characterized the efforts
of the various business departments; offices
have been established in Savannah, Augusta,
Atlanta, Macon, Columbus, and all intermed
iate points, and direct communication will
soon bo made to all the interior cities and
towns, and through to Mobile and New
Orleans. The tariff of rates is based upon a
fair business per ccntage above cost of trans
portation, and with the present reliability,
promptness and dispatch of the company sus-
-.nined, and with such officers as Gen. Joseph
E. Johnston, Col. Woodward and Maj. Fiek-
ling, it cannot foil to succeed.
Forgive and Forget.—This is the only
place by which perfect pcaco and harmony
can bo restored to the people of the Southern
States. We cannot afford to quarrel among
ourselves, having too many enemies from
without to contend with.
Wo recommend the plan to onr friends in
Tennessee, who seem to bo bordering on
revolution and civil war. The Radicals
allege, os the great reason for their extra
ordinary legislation, that if they do not dis
franchise the Confederates, the Confederates
will disfranchise them. We do not credit the
existence of such a spirit on the part of those
who joined the South in the late war, but if
it ever existed let them now make o pledge to
forgive and forget and they will leave tlio
Radicals without excuse. The latter must
accept the terms or make up their minds to
brave public opinion and take the responsi
bility of the bloodshed that must ensue. The
majority will not, and should not, consent to
be ostracised by the minority and becomo the
willing subjects of masters no better than
themselves,
motive is a good one, but we think the recom
mendation dechledly objectionable, especial
ly in its appliauiou to the State of Georgia
In the first place, we have had enough of po
litical parties, for the present at least. Second
ly, the organization of such a party in this
State would seem to imply that there is a con
sidcrable portion of the people who are op
posed to. the Administration, which is not the
fact. Thirdly, it is wholly unnecessary for the
South and may instead of doing good act to oux
prejudice. The President can receive no more
acceptable support than that of a whole peo
ple united as wc are at present. In the fourth
place, the true policy of the South at tlus
crisis is, to let the North fight out the' ques
tion of parties, reserving ourselves for the day
of trial, when we can take the side that is
safest for us and the whole country. Our peo
ple need quiet and freedom from all political
agitation in order to give the proper atten
tion to their broken-down fortunes, and they
will gain in the end by letting polities alone.
For tbeso reasons, while we believo it to
he the duty of every Southern man to yield
a generous and hearty support to the Presi
dent in his struggle with the traitors arid
.revolutionists of the North, we would dis
courage the formation of any party for that
specific purpose. We are decidedly inclined
to the opinion, that, instead of strengthening
the President, it would weaken him in the
struggle.
Condition of Mil Davis.—The account of
Mr. Davis’ physical condition, reported by
his surgeon and published under our tele- not satisfied with the business hours at the
.-i j . , . ■ I Bourse: they are to be seen daily carrying on
graphic head yesterday, will create a wide- ’ ; ..
° * , * _ _ i. mi. . I their speculations at. the passage de 1 Opera
spread sensation. Every Southern heart will 1 tbe p e (jte Bourse) from early in th? moni
shed a drop of blood over the melancholy I ing ti jj i ate at n j gb t **'
details. Wiiat a spectacle does that omacia-1 count vox eismark in parts.
ted, dying old man present to Christendom! j The lies now set on foot by the speculators of
In what a light does it present the free and I the Bourse are innumerable. A report was yes
glorious republican insdtutions of America! terday current that the great German premier,
How will it look coming from a people who I the *«*»» <>/ the day, was in Pans negotiating a se-
boast of their religion and their civilization, , th< ? E 7? r °\ bUt thU P ieceof
r ,. . . . . ,i . , news turned out to, be a fabrication
nnd are sending missionaries to the whole mysterious silence, of the imperial
world to preach humanity and clinstiau char-1 spnrxx.
ity! Look at it, and weep! j j must inform you that in the midst of all these
Wc do not so much blamothc President for I con j ec tures and canards, (political hoaxing) pub-
this protracted torture of a grey-headed man jj c opinion, ever on the qui rive, is very anxious
whose only crime was a desire to see hiscoun-1 to penetrate the secret thought of tl e master of
country independent and hnppv. A theTuilerics. That the entourage of the Emperor
victim was necessaiy to satisfy the war is a well known tact, but the sphynx
vindictive fury of a fanatical and crncl
Pori* uiul Continental Correspon
dence.
Paris, May 2,1866.
To the Editor of the Macon Telegraph:
STAND TO TOCS ASMS,
Is now, perhaps, the cry on the Austrian and
Italian banks of the Mincio. A word of command
still more terrible will probably follow, and the
dreadful slaughter which is called a European
war will soon begin. The question now is, who
shall give the fearful example ? It is to be hoped,
for Italy, that Its impatient ardor will not prompt
it to take the first step. Austria Is doing all it
can to provoke it, by the most menacing prepara
tions. It courts attack.
AUSTRIAN HTPOCRISr.
We are now beginning to see a little more clear
ly into the game now being carried on by the Aus
trian diplomatists. As long as they could play
the part of victims of PrussW, they impudently
affirmed that they were only arming in self-de
fense, and not with any idea of aggression. But
as soon as Prussia proposed to settle the diflerent
questions at issue, by means of a great German
Parliament elected by universal suffrage, the Vien
na diplomatists changed their tactics, and made
proposals' of disarmament to Prussia, which she
accepted In such a haughty manner that the pride
of the llapsburga was wounded. From that mo
ment Austria pretended to entertain the most pa
cific Intentions, and continued preparing for war,
more especially in Venetia. Not having succeed
cd In provoking Prussia to commit an assail!r, she
began annoying Italy, hoping to be moro fortunate
in that quarter.
Prussia js very irate at the double-dealing of her
rival, and now insists upon’ some explanation
She has also intimated to Saxony, which has been
secretly arming, with the intention of joining Aus
tria when the time comes, to mind what she is
about.
Italy, threatened by Anitria, has placed its
army on a war footing, so that things, which
looked as if they were going to take a pacific
turn some days back, now look very disquieting.
Public securities have been going down all the
week. The members of our stock exchange are
GOLD.
THE SUPP.Y OF GOLD IN ITS
LA’ION TO PRICKS.
RE-
is almost mute, and the few words that fall from
VU.U.CUVC ,u.j w. .. — .;‘“-‘ his lips, mean next to nothing. The official
North, and he, perhaps, would have sacrificed l aper8 are cqually /ogsy> aad continuo es -
liimsclf and brought still greater evils upon I p reM a hope that peace will be maintained,
the South had he refused to make the offer- though it is evident that toeydo not think it
ing. It is a cruel, unfeeling and remorseless likely.
people that wc would hold up to public con- The seance of Thursday next in the Corps Le*
demnation. There is not a man among them g*»l*t«f i* looked forward to with much impn-
, , , . . ... _ ., „ - „„ „ tience, as“t is expected that Mens. Bouhcr, the
Who would not take Mr. Davis’word as a I Minister of the interior, will give the explana
tion promised on home matters.
paroled on the day of his capture, if life was j 8Tonuv interview between prince met-
TERXICn AND MOXS. DROUYN DE L’lIUYS.
It is reported that the French Minister and
spared he would have been promptly at the
time and place appointed—that he would
scorn to violate his honor—yet, vengeance I the Austrian Envoy had a very unpleasant
llad to be executed; human suffering alone Me a fete a few days ago, and that there is a great
could satisfy their blood-thirsty spirits, and coolness arising between Vienna and the Tulle
a weak, decrcpid old man is subjected to all _
the persecution of dungeons, bolts, bnrs, soli-1 yj C j or 8S it is a source of constant an-
tude, and the evcr-liarrassing annoyance of I noyance to him; but the Emperor of Austria will
the sentinel’s tramp. Wc can only say—May not hear ol such a thing, and rather rudely re-
God forgive them I marked, “if anybody wants to have Venetia, let
them come and take it.”
Mons. de Mettcrnick accuses the Emperor of
Messrs. Anderson & Woods.—We omit
ted to call attention to this new firm that has I urging on Italy and Prnssla to attack him, which
just settled in Macon and thrown their busi- ver y mueh ann °y e d Mons. Drouyn dc L’Huys
n flag to the brerac. The btrt.«. part. '*?“““!* A”*”-*" «•
pcricnccd and successful merchants of h ort c oun t yon Goltz and Mons. de Mctternich having
Valley, Georgia. General A. bad, previous a friendly talk together, said to them: “Ah, this
to the war, by industry and energy accumula- is how I like to see Prussia aud Austria.” Count
ted a respectable fortune for a man of his age; I Goltz is said to have smiled with evident satlsfac-
the most of which he lost by the abolition of Uon: f ‘° r theAnstrian Ambassador, ii art jauue
, , ... „ - j . I (forced a laugh)—he now begins to 6ee that the
slavery and casualties of four years desperate < ttcntloM tba " t ^ped on his and his
war into which he entered, at the first com- wife , 8 beadfortbe last few j ears have only been a
menccment of hostilities, with the same en- blind, and that his position is somewhat similar to
ergy and determination that have always that of Herr von Hnbner, his predecessor, who on
marked bis character as a man. The first the first day of the new year, 1S59, got a slap in
three years he was with the bloodv 6th Geor- th2 &ce without the least provocation,
gia regiment in the Virginia arniy, as Cap- However, should war break out this time, it will
, r . 1 T- r , r, ,, not take us unawares,’as we have heard of nothin
tain, Major and Lieutenant-Colonel. The I ^ fop ^monibn. There is no doubt
last year of the war he was unanimously elec- bIlttbflt the Emperor of the French will do all he
ted to command the 3d brigade Georgia Mili- can to prevent a conflict between the two great
tia, which command, by his (indomitable cn- German powers; for any disturbance in Europe
ergy and long experience in the field, he soon I would mar his darling project,
disciplined, and fought in the battles around THE GRE - VT exhibition of 1S57.
Atlanta, Griswoldville and Savannah as sue- Mftn y Mk » * CTer Uko P lace * 11 ‘ 8 saW
, „ , - , , „ . I hat a decree will soon appear postponing the
ccssfully as any brigade from Georgia. wor , d , g Wr Untu tho mlddl 1 0 of 18C8 . bBt tuu to
Joseph Day, the special partner of the corn j, ar d likely, as the works are belntj pushed for-
cem, is known throughout the State as the ward with great activity.
Speaker of the House of Representatives for daily visits of the emperor to the champ
a number of years in the Georgia Legisla- de mars,
ture, and once manager of the Macon & II. I. M. attends daily at the Champ de Mars,
Western Railroad. The Judge, although ad-1 stimulating by his presence, the thousands of
vancing to a good old age, is still blest with workmen employed in the buildingoftho Gran-
large means which he is disposed to use in I d!aUde nndustrie, which is to receive the arti
assisting to build up the fortunes of his im
povislicd countrymen,
every success.
ales expected to arrive from all partsof the globe
lie, at the same time, Tisits the works being car
We wish the new firm | r ; ed ou a t the Tracadtco where the ground is being
leveled for the construction of a railroad, which
is to go from the Garde de l’Ouest to the Exhibi-
The Cotton Tax.—It is gratifying to ob- tion ,»pas8ing by the Place de Rome, a spot chosen
serve that most of the sound commercial by Napoleon I. for building a palace for his son,
minds of the North arc opposed to the tax of the King of Rome.
five cents a pound on cotton. The New York opening of toe annual exhibition of
Mercantile Journal says there never was a paintings, bv living artists, at
time when it was more desirable to promote the champ elysees.
tho cultivation of this staple. The exhaus-1 The salon of ISflfi was opened yesterday, and
tion of the South, nnd the want of capital, tie attendance of artists and amatenrs was very
render it a matter ol necessity for the plan- ^ notwithstanding the inclemency of the
A ... . , . ... I weather. Tho public complained as usual of the
tors to obtain as quick returns as posabl^ iin , ency orthejnry d’admtalon, is some of the
and tho imposition of this tax will render I pa .intinga were below mediocrity. The crowd was
sales dependent on the necessities of the mar- sogreatand the discussions amongst the artists
kct. Capitalists will not advonco the heavy present respecting the severity on the part of
tax of $21 per bale unless they see a prospect I the jury in not admitting the workaof Messieurs
of immediate sales. Cotton, which was for-1 Manet, Brisat and others, that it was impossible
meriy almost as good as-old, may remain for i 08 ?? th ® pi “ l . ur . C * < r° per ^". 1 * hnU ' how °T’
, b , wp ’ , J . * for the benefit ot those artists amongst yon who
months in the hands ofTlic producer awaiting „ e funiUar with tbe names of onr premier noms,
the chances of the money market and ti* e I give you a more detailed account of onr picture
wants of the consumers. For these and other gallery. I will tell you en passant that amongst
obvious reasons, it is difficult to resist the ] those pictures that attracted mostattentionwero
conclusion that this tax is most injudicious, j "An Arab Tribe Crossing a Ford,” by Framentin
operating as a direct bounty to the foreign the painter and literary author; “A scene from the
competition, which Great Britain is straining Polisl1 Insurrection,” by Toney Robert Flewry,
L , . ® tho son of our celebrated artist Robert Flewry;
every effort to stimulate. The export duty „ A8onvenlrofWaterl<w ,- byBelUa g ewhod j£
on cotton is a departure from the settled prac- folF weeks back, and “A Cleopatra," by Geronno,
tice of our Government It is doubtful wlicth- the well known painter of tho “Genre Romain.”
cr it is constitutional, and we trust that Con- the cheap newspapers in paris.
gress will hesitate to impose this harden up-1 Our penny papers, such as the Evenement,the
on th. straggling indtttUy of U» Sontb. ISafjSrSOSfiSftfeSaSffi
_ J* **r 7T , ing the throats of the public, if it do not sub-
,Tlie . avannah Advertiser whms I -cribe to their papers. Mons.de Villemerrant,
printers against going to that city with the the editor of the Evenement has promised the
view of getting employ incut.
are already fifteen or sixteen without a job to his paper for the space of six month,
and no probability of obtaining one.” It appears that Victor Hugo’s work has been a
failure, as he is obliged to have recourse to such
r Tha President lias issued an order di j means to get the public to read it.
, - The King of Sweden has just written to Count
recting tho arrest of all onicers of the Freed- de Nicuvork'erke, Director General of the Beaux
men’s Bureau interested, directly or indirectly. Arts in France, to visit the Industrial Exhibi-
. „ cr • -v. c .i tion which is to take place this year at Stock-
in the cultivation of farms m Inc .-OUtliern j Mons. de Nicuverkerke has accepted
States. j tho invitation.
__ • • . , , .-I Mons. Thiers is still very unwell, and will be
/ Hopes arc entertained ol repairing prevented attendingto his Parliamentary duties
th« levees in Louisiana should the nver con- for some time to come.
tinue falling. Passports have just been abolished in Moldo-
Reports of abundant crops on tlic lower I Wallachia—a good step!
coast arc confirmed. Sugar plantations are I Tbo -American^ frigate Colorado, under the
fa 1 j command of Admiral Goldsborough will shortly
.teeming with cane. J arrivea t Toulon from Palermo to refit
The IICRMtei or Price—The Unit of
Uabor—€ Gold, and of Price—
Causes o' Flucnisitioii—Prices of
1 $53 ami SGG Compared-Conclu
sion.
From the N. Y. Times.]
The Beeces, Wednesday, May 9,1860.
I feel as if m apology wufe due every reader
when I talk of he driest ot all subjects while
the flowers of lay are blooming around me,
and nature smes upon all, her children. I
am .in ,the unhopy predicament (though far
'removed in every other particular) of that
English skifseinn of wlionrGoldsmith said:
“Who, ioo dep for his hearers, still w ent
. on refiring.
And though of convincing while they
tliaightof dining.”
I hope. | shal not be like , him in another
particulai; dooned to
“-f—cu: blocks with a razor.”
No, myrespeeted reader, i believe you arc
too intelligent a person, even if impatient, not
to estimatt properly the goodness of ipy in
tention inendeavoring to set certain facts in
our comnercial system clearly before you.
Biit I hasbn to n conclusion. The ’aiv of
prices seeds to me never to have been fully,
set forth. Adam Smith is no doubt right
wben.be srs the ultimate value of anything
is thecost )f production. But what is the
cost of production ? It is plain that thecost
of prorlucthn is indefinite, till we ja.roft unit
of measure: But where is such an unit?
Nature furnshes no unit of measure, and
hence ve aredriven to make artificial units
of measure, ipd we try to g<it one which ap
proaches a mtural measure, as the ancient
Hebrew! todc tjic unit from the length of
the arm. Bit wc need not discuss that.
A day’s Ubor is one kind of natural unit,
though viruble; and when Adam Smith
talks of th* c<st of production, he must mean
cost measured by human lnbor. But what
is a day’s laVcr worth ? When we come;to the
last, ultimatenlemciit. what mathematicians
call the vanishing ratio, a day’s labor is worth
tlic food whici it takes to sustain a day’s la
bor. This is ss much grain. Physical life
is supported by so much carbon, and .that re
sults from vegitntion. We fake a certain
vessel which' Mo call a bushel, and by
keeping it at tin same number ot cubic inches
wc establish a fiiel artificial unit of measur
ing grain Hence wc say,. for example, that
a day’s ldjor is worth a bushel of wheat, prob
ably the nearest standards we shall ever arrive
at. In the tame manner when we come to com
mercial traast’ers without barter, we say, an
ounce of g(Jd is worth so many artificial units,
and we traisfer products by those units. So
far, while tlrse elements remain the same there
is nodifficufy, but at the next step we meet
with flic suptrne difficulty which deranges ev
erything undis the great basis ou which all
speculation pocceds. These units change their
relations, andtften very suddenly. One acre of
ground will pntlucc 03 much as two others.
One season doible as much wheat will grow
as in another. In one series of years the
world produces(as I have shown) only one-
third ns much gild as in others. ' Hence we
sec that wheat is louhlcd in relative value one
year (as it is, andwill he in the current year)
while in one ceutiry gold is only half its rel
ative value in a former century. Here we
find the cause o’ a constant fluctuation of
prices; hut, sinccwe have made an ounce of
gold an artificial init of prices, it is the pro
duction of gold which chiefly regulates price.
There are some articles affected by specific
taxes. Others agiin are affected by an excep
tional deficiency cf supply. But, in general,
the relation of price depend on the supply of
gold. The Secreary of the Treasury, if I
recollect, states paces to depend on the vol
ume of currency. But if the currency is ac
tually reducible t< gold, (as it is when pay
ments arc not suspended) it is not the volume
of currency, lioweter large, blit the supply of
gold, which detemincs prices. On the return
of Specie payments,the paper currency cannot
be kept out beyoid the power of gold to
redeem it. The amount of currency which
can be sustained in Commerce, will lie tested
by the quantity of gold to redeem it. Let
me now apply tho principles I have stated to
the actual state ol prices. Hume states in
the history of England, .that the value of
wheat had doubled from tbe time of Henry III
to his time, and his whole period was one in
which specie, the precious metal, was tho sole
standard of value, and the only operative
cause was the increase of the precious metals.
But, if (as I have shown) the increase of pre
cious metals is now three-fold what it lias
been, what will be, what is the effect of that
inercaso on prices ? Since the war began the
enlarged paper currency, nnd the premium on
gold have been the scape-goats to bear the
sin of high prices, but if any one seriously
thinks that prices are hereafter to go down
to the rates of ten yean ago, he is doomed to
disappointment. In 1353, when writing on
the production of precious mctal9, I stated
that in ten or twelve years prices would
probably advance fifty per cent How
stands the fact? Reducing prices to the
same unit of value—gold—have they not ad
vanced 50 per cent ? In estimating prices at
the present time, as compared with those of
1838, there are three deductions to he made:
1. The premium of gold is to be taken off.
2. The per cent, of live huudred millions of
taxes, levied on productions, transfers arid in
comes, really laid on prices. This, I estimate,
is equal to 5 per cent, on prices.
3. The specific war tax on articles, if there
be any.
With these deductions we arrive at prices
in 18C6, as compared with those of 1853, esti
mated by the same unit of value. I take the
prices in Cincinnati (nearly the centre of pro
duction and population) as affording a fair
standard of comparison The following is
tho result on several leading articles:
TEie Frecdinen’s Bureau.
Gen. Hpward, as the Head of the Freed-1
men’s Bureau, has shown himself an officer of |
great ability, and thoroughly enlisted in the
work which his Bureau was created to per
form. He is naturally sensitive to attacks
upon its honor and usefulness, but in his zeai
to defend them,it seems tons be goes a good
deal further than prudence will sanction. In
repelling some attacks made upon some of
its agents, for example, he says :
“As to these gcutlenien owning plantations,
I do Hot doubt it. There i9 no speculation
in the matter. It is true, that many officers,
All. through, the South, and not confined to
the Freedmcn’s Bureau, have invested what
little money they could in this way. I never
have found any cases' of the prostitution of
official position for private gain. Our volun
teer officers are soon to leave the service, and
like provident men generally, they seek to
secure some livelihood. Gen. Whittlesey
has worked hard in his official capacity, and
I believe he has never been charged with us
ing bis time oilier than for the Government.
I encourage the setting all idlers at wofk.—
Thepecple cried, ‘the negroes will not work,’
therefore, I urged the renting and running
of plantations to. afford practical example, to
encourage joint companies. The same mal
contents who raised the false alarm that the
negroes will not work in freedom, now seek
to blacken the reputation of ; every mail who
has shown the falsity ot their theories by
practical demonstration, and declare that of
ficial position used to rob them of their
hands. Wc had large accumulations of poor
people, and we did set them r.t work.
“I have not yet the facts aS to North Caro
lina; but you and your friend may rest assur
ed that every shadow of accusation of com
plicity in crime on the part of those officers
there is utterly without foundation.”
“I expect denunciation of this Bureau, but
the same denunciation could be made against
the Treasury Department, or any, other de
partment, and of the Government; with
equal show of justice.”
Now we are by no means clear that it is so
allowable for agents of the Freeduien’s Bu-
FACTS AND FUN.
Prentice, of tim Louisville Journal, makes
a wicked lunge at the very underpinning of
society. He says “tilting hoops” enable the
commou people to sec a great deal more of
good society than they ever saw before.”;
The N. Y. Tribune very properly remarks,
that it is not only Jeflersoq Davis who is to
be tried, blit the American form of govern
ment and the American people.
Bad men arc uever completely happy, al
though possessed of everything that this World
can bestow; and good men arc never com
pletely miserable, although deprived of every
thing that the world can take aw=fy-
It i3 understood that'Duft* Green has been
appointed United States Marshal for the
Southern District of Mississippi.
At Adrian, Mich., a, lady saw an engine-
house with a sieeple, and innocently asked
a gentleman attendant, “What church is
that?” The gentleman, after readifigj the
sign, “Deluge No. 3,” replied: .hi guLs it
must be the Third Baptist” , |
An exchange tells of a man who stopped
his newspaper ou Saturday and died the next
Tuesday. A terrible warning.
Cholera seldom attacks boys, 'the only
reason we can give for it is that they tiever
talk about it.” Their minds are s<i constant
ly engaged in robbing apple orchards and
other innocent amusements that they have no
time to imbibe the premonitory symptoms—
low spirits, bad whisky arid a clammy cuti
cle 1 '
Ti e iuost extraordinary instance of patience
on record, in modem times, is that of an Illi
nois judge, who listened silently for- two days
while a couple of wordy attorneys contended
about the construction of an act of tlic legis
lature, and then ended the controversy by
quietlyremarking—“Gentlemen, the law is
repealed,” i
Tennessee is in a bad drive. Amell and
Trimbell drivo the Legislature, BrownloW and
Fletcher, drive Arnell and Trimble, and the
t
reau to engage in the ownership am} making ^
of plantations for their personal profit,! as it S'Devil drives Brownlow and Fletcher.—Ga^
may seem to Geri. noward. They are j there j sc tt e .
in the discharge of a public trust.—otoe of
the
he safe for the Secretary of the Treasury thus
to vouch for the absolute purity of every one
of the numerous officers of his department.—
And the disclosures of the Special Commis
sioners now investigating the affairs of the
Bureau would scent to suggest to its head the
wisdom of a little more caution in this regard.
The Frecdmen’s Bureau, like any other
great organization, is liable to abuse, and cor
rupt, unworthy men will inevifably creep in
to its posts of trust and profit. Their mis
conduct ought not to bring reproach upon
the Bureau itself, nor will it do so unless its
friends insist on making the Bureau respon
sible for whatever its agents may do. Gen,
Howard’s true cause is to court the closest
and most rigid investigation and to assist in
weeding out every officer of tho Bureau who
may be showu to have been guilty of anything
which can damage it in the public estimation.
It is an expensive establishment—requiring
an appropriation of some nine or ten millions
this year,—and the public will insist that its
character and operations shall be kept free
from all just reproach.—N. I”. Times.
drank ever
The question, “ Does getting
advance one's happiness?” would seem to-be
put nt rest by the Irishman 1 who went court
ing when drunk, and was asked what plea
sure he sa>v in whisky ? “Ob, Nelly, it’s a
tratc entirely to see two of your, swatc purty
faces instead of one!”
When the negroes were worsted in the
Memphis riots, a Congressional coriimittee
great delicacy and importance—tuul they
cannot bring their own pecuniary interests
into the discharge of that trust without ren
dering themselves obnoxious to the su^jicion
of being unduly and injuriously prejudiced
thereby. One very important part of their
mission is to establish just and proper re ' a *
tions between capital and labor, the employ
ers and employed in the Southern States.-—
They'Cari scarcely do this succesfully if they
enter into personal competition with ope class
in seeking tho services of the other. '
It may pe very true that as “provident
men,” and likely “soon to leave the service,”
they “seek to secure some livelihood.” But
the same motive which Gen. Howard thinks
so laudable, induced a good many of our
army officers during the war to enter into cot
ton speculation and other commercial adven
tures of a similar kind, arid wc never heard
that the practice contributed to the efficiency
of the service or the credit of the parties con
cerned. The agents of the Frecdmen’s Bu
reau are supported at tho public expense, and
are supposed to be laboring for the public
good—not for their private emolument.
Nor do we quite understand how Geii.
Howard can indorse with so much confidence j; roken ^ in sevei . al Dutch towns,
lie integrity and innocence of every agent o t < Itotterdam and Delishaven especially.
! Bureau in North Carolina. It would not T ”, e _ . „ r* _ „„ 0 „ 0
WASHINGTON ITEMS.
TRIAL OF DAVIS.
Washington, May QO.—Attoniey-Gcn-„
Speed, who returned from the West last
had a lengthy interview with the Pre^idf
on Friday last relative to tlic trial of JefferJ*
Davis and the indictment found bytheQnn5
Jury at Norfolk. Mr. Speed gave his opjJ 11
as to the legal character of the indictm,!.
which opinion I am not authorized to sht,
Tho President imparted to the Attornty-G t -
eral the substance of the views of CUief-M
ticc Chase about the propriety of lioMint
court in Richmond. The position of Ju ( ]„)
Chase I have given you in a foriner disnat c f
His fears were that there was doubt au 10u “'
the military officers in Virginia as to,the J
feet of the Peace Proclamation, and Vvlrether
or not martial law is abrogated. While tl ;ts ‘
doubts exist Judge Chase is not willing d
preside in a Uriited States Court in Virg? n ;,
It the Chief Justice shall hesitate or enteruh
such fears when the next term of the Unite-;
States Circuit Court is about to convene, the
President will issue an order expressly de.
claring that the civil law is supreme in a !
matters in which tlie Civil Courts hsve iur:-
diction.
It is reported that the Attorney General I
has no confidence in the indictment fon a( j
against Davis under the supervision of jy,;^
Underwood, but it is proper to state that tj-
report does not come from the,, best author^
Hy- , v f . .
THE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT.
Thereis sciircly a uqnbt' fnat the' §« ny
will adopt the Kecotistructidn C<Jininitte e t I
proposed amendment to the Constitution a),
ready issued in the House, striking out, hew.
ever, the third section, disfranchising certain
classes until 1870. Such is the very gencrh
opinion expressed by Senators of the radi^j
persuasion.
CLERKS DISCHARGED.
About fifty clerks were discharged yester
day from the Treasury Department—grounds
incoriipetency and neglect of duty. Their
plncos will bo supplied by disabled soldier;
Jrom the large list of applicants already o-
file in the Department.
The Melrie System of Weights and
Measures.
The bill passed by the House of Repress
tatiyes, on the 17th inst., legalizing the nst __
of weights and measures of the metric system
will naturally have a tendency to awaken |c
curiosity in regard to their character. After j K
a terrific straggle, protracted through a series l
qf years, against old prejudices and habits [
arid various political and commercial obsto- f
had to be sent down to investigate. When c i eS( they were finally adopted in France ia
white people were slaughtered in Norfolk by j 1840, and since that period they have rapidlv
negroes unprovoked, Congress had no tears ■ advanced in favor, not only in that country.
to shed. , but ampng scientific men of all other natioiu! I
Is this a white or black Government ? • Their popularity is due.alike to the manner |
At a soiree the other evening a gentleman! \ a the standards are ascertained and j
pointed out a dandified individual to a friend ^ the facilities for calculation which are |
afforded by their use of the decimal system.-
A uniform* standard of weights and measures
eh.pMth;t»CTnXDrl -:6u„, ss o„rau.,bo
as a sculptor.
What!” said hi9 friend, “such a looking
mistaken !
‘He may not be the kind of a one you mean,’
said his informant, - “but,I know that he chis
eled a tailor otitofa suit of clothes last week.”
• Cholera in Europe.—The cholera has
passed from the Duchy of Luxembourgli into
Holland. Letters from the Hague mention
Special Price
inl8»
Wheat, bushel. $1 00
Flour, bbl 0 SO
Corn, bushel S7
Hogs, 100lbs 4 00
Sueor, i 5
Cotiee, lbs 12
Nominal Price Real Price
in 1S06.
8 2 CO
10 00
«0
S 00
14
23
in166G.
tl 70
7 50
• 44
0 00
T
The last column shows the least price in
gold, after taking off all taxes, with the ex
ception of coffee, which I believe has a specific
duty of 5 cents. This table shows a positive
advance on real prices as follows: Wheat,
70 per cent.; flour, 42 per cent.; corn, 18 per
cent.; hogs, 50percent.; sugar, (specific duty
off) 100 per cent,; coffee, 25 per cent.
Taking Wheat, pork, sugar and coffee to
gether, and we have an advance of over 50
per cent., which is real, solid, and not likely
to be reduced. I’lliI is the advance duo en
tirely to the Increased,supply of gold. I now
close my statements on this subject, and I sum
them up thus.:
1. The supply of gold is at three fold the
rate of the highest production of the Spanish-
American mines; and, notwithstanding there
was an expectation that the gold supply might
fall off, yet the evidence is so far that it will
increase.
2. The actual supply of gold since 1850
amounts to about one thousand four hundred
millions of dollars. J ■■
3. That the increase of manufactures has
not 'correspondingly increased; but, on the
other band, it i3 probable the demand for the
great Asiatic reservoirs is nearly supplied.
4. That, as gold, in hanking, bears a cer
tain proportion to the paper credit sustained
by it; that, taking the whole world together,
the commercial credit must be increased ac
cordingly; and that the statistics of trade
will show that fact.
5. That, of necessity, prices must rise, and
have risen, ia proportion, as gold increases;
and such has been the fact.
Lastly, as a conclusion from these facts, I
think that the premium on gold will, in spite
of temporary fluctuations, gradually go down;
and that the only ellectual check to commer
cial speculations will be in the resumption of
specie payments. Even then, the increase of
gold is so great, that a vast inflation of com
merce will still continue.
A Veteran Observer.
tST Of 177 light-houses destroyed or dis
pensed with by the Confederates, 69 have
been re-established.
Decorating the Graves of the South
ern Dead.—The Richmond Whig, in com
menting on some denunciations by the Chi
cago Tribune of the ladies of Richmond for
strewing flowers on the graves of the Confed
erate dead, says:
‘It is the misfortune of the Tribune and
kindred sheets to see nothing good in any
thing that Southern people can do, and it is,
therefore, a matter of indifference to us
what they think. No matter what we do we
are censured. It silent, they call us sullen;
if cheerful, they call us insolent; and when
the women of the South, with that regard for
their dead kindred which savages even mani
fest, innocently and mournfully choose an
appropriate day in the month of flowers to
decorate the graves of their dead kindred, it
is charged that they are engaged in an effort
to keep alive the political reeling of hos
tility to the Union. These men, if men
they can be called, are like thieves
who fear an officer in every bush. What would
they have us do ? Neglect the graves of our
kindred, and let their memories perish.—
Were we to do so, they would immediately
say that we were worse than savages. If
they expect the Southern people to be
ashamed ot their dead and to treat them as
the bodies of disgraced felons are treated,
they will be disappointed. If those whose
bodies now lie in their last resting-places
died fighting ‘to maintain Slavery,’ they died
fighting to maintain an institution built up
by New England, and in defence of property
then held under the Constitution and laws—
sold to their fathers by the slave-dealers of
New England, who stole them in Africa or
purchased them there with ‘ram.’
Political significance is not attached to these
funeral ceremonies in the South. They are
conducted by the ladies, and it is not the
habit of the Southern ladies to form political
conspiracies. If the men of the South con
templated treason arid “civil war,” they
would resort to other methods than these—
nor would they put forward their wives and
daughters to do the dangerous work.”
Crops in Burke.—One of tbe editors of
the Augusta Chronicle, writing from Waynes
boro” says:
The crop prospects here as elsewhere in
this State arc far from good. There is a uni
versal complaint of defective cotton stands,
and I hear of a large number who have
ploughed up their cotton nnd replanted in
corn. The frequent rains and cool weather
of the last three or four weeks have filled the
crops with grass and great fears are entertain
ed that the freedmen will not apply them
selves sufficiently to the task of cleaning it
out. There is not a large crop planted here,
not so much as in ’60 and ’61. This is main
ly from the scarcity of laborers, and the great
want-of plough stock and plantation mate
rial, consequent upon the march of Sherman’s
grand army through the country in the fall
of ’64. The corn is small but generally looks
f reen and healthy. The greatest danger to
e apprehended for this crop just now is
grass, which seem to have taken a pretty
strong hold upon the crops of every sort.—
Wheat was promising until recently. It is
now generally infested with rust aud will
doubtless be seriously injured.
Registration in West Virginia.—The
Radicals of West Virginia arc resort ing to the
most outrageous acts of tyrany in order to
perpetuate their power. Their Boards of
Registration refuse to register any hut Radi-1
In. the former place seven cases occurred on
the first day, four of which terminated fatally.
. The consul at Halifax, under date of the
lttli instant, writes to the Department of
State that tho cholera has disappeared from
the quarantine station, and that within the
last week no case has occurred either in the
city or its vicinity.
The Jews and the Czar.—The Jews re
siding in Moscow, moved by a unanimous
sentiment of devotedness to the Emperor
Alexander, have celebrated in tho synagogues
a service of thanksgiving on the occasion of
tho preservation of his Majesty’s life-looking
on it as a new manifestation of the Divine
solicitude for the welfare of Russia.
The attempted assassination of the Empe
ror Alexander turns out to be a much more
serious affair thart the idea of a single mono
maniac. Geri. Moravieff, in addressing the
St. Petersburg nobility at a dinner where the
preserver of the Emperor’s life was entertain
ed, said that it was not the act of a single in
dividual, but of many acting in concert.—
Above a hundred arrests have already taken
place in connection with this event in St.
Petersburg and Moscow.
Major James F. Milligin, the well known
Chief of the Signal Corps of Gen. Lee’s army
of Northern Virginia, lias been offered a sim
ilar position in the Imperial army of Austria,
by the Emperor Francis Joseph. We congrat
ulate the Major, who, we understand, is now
connected with the press of Norfolk. The
virtues of Maj. Milligin’s system of signals are
known only to himself, and are said to be the
most perfect in the world. Norfolk can hard
ly lose a man of so much quiet energy nnd en
terprise. In these regards he stands second
only to Gen. Mahone.
Mrs. Clay.—In this connection, it may not
be improper to mention, that soon after the
arrival of Mr. and Mrs. Clay at this place,
they were serenaded by the “Terrell Band,”
composed of colored musicians, old resident
free men, and some freedniusn, lately in the
service of the U. S. Government They play
ed, among numerous airs, “Home again,” and
“Home, sweet home,” thereby delicately hut
most decidedly proving their appreciation of
the distinguished gentleman and lady among
them.—Huntsville Independent.
Heroic Conduct of a Lady in Overton
County.—One day last week a band of out
laws went to the house of Mr. Gunter, in
Overton county, and on some frivolous pre
text took him to the woods, and, stripping
him, were whipping him most outrageously,
when his daughter, at the house, hearing of
tlie affair, seized a hatchet, rushed to the spot
and killed one of the ruffians and wounded
the others severely.
P. S.—Later intelligence from Overton
county states that two of the ruffians, instead
of one, were killed, and that the young lady
and her father have been forced to leave the
county.
Wc have not learned the full details as to
haw the difficulty originated, further than the
family to which she belonged was Southern
in sentiment during the war.—Lebanon (Ten.)
Herald, 19?A
General Santa Anna.—This distinguish
ed Mexican has engaged a residence in this
city, corner;of Fourteenth street and Sixth
avenue, of which he will take possession in
a few days, and where he will remain until
the first of September. At present he is so
journing at the residence ofliis friend Mr.
Baiz, in Elizabctliport, N. J. He is sixty-
eight years of age, but says ho now feels as
young as ever, if he had not lost a leg. He
is in the enjoyment of excellent health, and
flatters himself with the hope of seeing Mex
ico yet, a tree and well-governed Republc.
For some days passed he has been engaged
in preparing a manifesto in regard to Mexi
can affairs, with a view to publishing it in
the papers, and informing the people of the
United States of tlie condition of affairs un
der Maximilian, and the prospect of Mexico
regaining her position among the republican
nations of the earth. General Santa Anna is
accompanied by a full military staff. Since
Ills arrival at Elizabetbport lie has been vis
ited by a large number of Mexican refugee
aud distinguished citizens of the United
States.—V. Y. World, 19?//.
J5F"The Northern Overland Telegraph en
terprise is a gigantic affair. Through British
America, 1,200 miles; through Russian Amer
ica, 900 miles; across Behring Strait, 184
miles; across the Gulf of Anadyr, 210 miles;
and thence overland to the mouth of the
Atnoor River, 1,800 miics, or a total of 4,294
At the Amoor it is to be continued
cals. Charlestown, which lias four bun- j j,,. a Russian line connecting it with Irkoutsk,
/l I 1 erf n 1 lino 1*1! r inrtvcnrnn rnrf . . ___ ... . • j* • . i
dred legal voters, has but forty-seven reg
istered, nnd among those rejected are officers
and soldiers of the 1st New York cavalry, who
served throughout the war.
through Western Siberia communicating with
Nijni-Novgorod and Moscow, and thence to
St. Petersburgli. The capital involved
amounts to $10,000,000.
on them in the innumerable wholesale and
retail sales effected in every commercial coun
try. Even in a comparatively rude age,this nt-
cessity was so recognized, that Magna Charts
contains the demand that “ one weight and
one measure only shall be allowed to be used
throughout the kingdom;” and Congress is
expressly authorized by the Constitution to
fix tlic standard of weights and measures.-
Our present system, derived from England,
was originally based upon a crude and irre
gular unit, founded on the size and weighed
grains of wheat, and it abounds in unneces
sary complexities, which are only tolerated
because the people have gradually become ac
customed to them, and on account of the real
or supposed difficulty of effecting a radical
change. The existing standards of the Uni
ted States, however, arc based on scientific
investigation. The yard is “a brass rod, the
length of which, at 62 degrees Fahrenheit, is
36,000-39.1013,. that of a pendulum, beatinj
seconds, in vacuo, ut the gravitation of New
York;” the pound “is composed'of metal,
and comprises 27.7274 cubic inches of distill
ed water, at its maximum density;” the gal
lon is a brass vessel containing “ 281 cubic
inches,, or 58,372.25 grains of distilled water
at the maximum density;” and the standard
acre is derived from the j - ard, 4,840 square
yards forming a statute acre.
The sub-divisions of these measures are all
arbitrary, and are definedin a series of table
learned with difficulty and forgotten with
ease. The French or metrical system is based
on one common unit, called the metre. It is
a measure length (which was intended to be,
but a slight inaccuracy of the scientific men
originally chosen to ascertain it, is not exact
ly,) equal to the 10,000,000th part of the
distance between, the north pole and the
equator. This is very nearly 30.38 inches, or
3.39 inches more than onr present yard. The
ore, or measure for land, is a surface equal to
a square whose side is ten metres. It is near
ly four square rods. The stera is a measure
particularlly intended for firewood, etc., and
is equal to a cubic metre. It is less than
half a cord. The litre is the measure for c:
pacity both of liquids and dry goods. Its I
contents are equal to. ttic cube of one-tenth
part of tbe metre, being a little more than i
wine quart.
The gramme is the unit of weight, and is
equal to the weight of a cube ot pure water,
each edge of which consists of one-hundredth
part of the metre. It is equal to 15 grains
and 432 one-thousandths, or in other words
one ounce avoirdupois is equal to twenty
eight grammes, anu thirty-four hundreds of i
gramme. Thus it will be seen that the one
common unit, based on a subdivision of thcHg
earth’s surface, furnishes a key to the size and | j
capacity of ail the metrical weights and l ift
measures,; but this fact would not prove)
very good reason for the proposed change, h | 1
it was not accompanied by a system by which | Hi
each of the units mentioned above is divided | a
decimally and larger units formed by multi- ■
pies of ten, one hundred, &c.
The advantages gained in calculations of | j
moneys, by submitting mills, cents, dimes, Hr
dollars and eagles, for farthings, pence, shil- Q
lings and pounds, are extended by tlie metris
system to weights and measures. The success
ive multiples are designated by the prefixes
deca, heeto, kilo and myna—the parts by dtd,
centi and milli. Thus the tenth part of a w*
tre is a decimetre, and ten metres are a <?#>:
metra; a hectometre signifies the length ot
100 metres; kilometres and myriametM srt.
respectively, lengths of 1,000 and 10,000
tres. A decalitre is a meiisure tc a times small* 1
than the litre; and a centigramme is the
part of the weight of tho gramme. I
weight and measure is as readily converted L
in unital calculations into one of a larger or f
smaller size, as we convert cent? into dollar 5 ■
or mills,—Philadelphia Press.
I How to Read Gas Meters.—Tlie louh- ■
ville Journal imparts the following informs - ■
tion: “
Housekeepers and all interested can *
tell for themselves tbe amount of gas com ■
sumed. At the top of the meter is a sma- P
tin case which contains a plate with thrtf
small dials. The circle of the dial is divide-
into ten spaces numbered around the ed^
with figures, like the dial of a clock. The di;*
on the extreme right indicates, by means fl
its pointer, the burning of 100 feet of
the middle one 1000 feet, ancl the other tia
burning of 10,000 feet. Now, to ascertm-
the axact amount of gas consumed in a ho®*
during the month, inspect the dials of *“•
meter on the first of the month. The P°® _
on the left liand dial perhaps stands betvreo L
the figures 0 and 7, indicating 60,000 feet"! c
The pointer on the middle dial may scan. 1 *
and 0, indicating 5000 feet. and the
hand dial stands between 7 and S, indicate?
700 feet. Thus you have a total of G5i ,u .,
feet of gas previously consumed. Note th
figures, and at the end of every month i> 5 r\
the dials. The right hand dial perhaf s
not moved, indicating 00,000 feet as
the middle one may now stand between < ^
8, indicating 7000. The right hand hns®^
:i number of revolutions and now stand’ \
tween 1 and 2, indicating 100 feet. No*,
have 67,100 feet of gas consumed. Mj - 'f.:
this l>y the price per cubic foot, anu ."
have your gas bill for the month.