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A Family Journal for the Dissemination of General Intelligence, Miscellany, Agricultural, Commercial, Political and Religious Information.
[PROPRIETORS
k-jW SERIES,!
' MACON, GrA., MONDAY, JUNE 4, 1866-
‘VOL. 1, NO. 28
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Term* of Subscription :
aU tVerKLT Tkleoraiu : 11 00 per
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JOB PRINTING:
-articular attention will be given to the
^ of JOB PRINTING of every dcscrip-
Tf>t Oath.—It will be seen from the
I dines of the U. & District Court, cop-
SXcwhere, that Judge Erskinc Inwdccirt-
t(S t otth unconstitutional and ad-
Judge Law to practice in his court.
prFRArmso the Revenue.—A Southern
Lwnpowy »y S “ Wo or ® confident the
England Yankees stole ten times as
II watches from the Southern people as
ir( j oW given in under the tax law.”
NeW Wat to Ei.ect a President.—The
latest m
Jit in reference to the admision of
Southern Representatives, is found in a Wash-
ton special to the Philadelphia Ledger,
which declares it is the current talk at the
t vital that the Southern States are to be al
lowed representatives in Congress after the
■ j^nf a certain time, provided they will
ac quiesce in the election of Gen. Grant to the
Presidency. .
t Book that wii.l be read.—It is said
I that Admiral Semmcs will soon prepare his
I idrtntun s on the high sens—while in com-
3lE( ] 0 f the Alabama—for the press. He
I hs been offered €5,000, in England, for the
I copyright of tlio work, but the offer was dc-
Idined. It will probably firstappear in num-
|tw,inn Soutlicm monthly, and afterward
I: e gathered up and published in book shape.
The President’s Policy in the West.—
IA special Washington dispatch to the Boston
I post »y* that a prominent and very intelli
gent gentleman of the Interior Department,
Jnho has been journeying through Indiana and
I Michigan during tlic past two weeks on' offi-
liial business, reports that there is a reaction
1 ia political sentiment in those States. He
Irens surprised to find so great unanimity in
1 fivor ot the President.
Peace in Eit.opi:.—A Washington corres
pondent says: The French Minister, M.
Montholon, had an interview on Saturday
with Secretary Seward. It is understood in
Diplomatic circles that he expresses the
pinion very freely that the war cloud which
idenly appeared in Europe, after tlic Em
peror's speech, will be dispelled, no says
;hc Emperor has no idea of going to war.—
Sir. Frederick Bruce, the English Minister,
received advices per last mail, the tenor ol
which is more pacificatory. The financial
Laities in England, it is believed, are
Tlic Constitutional Amendment ns
it raised the Senate.
Ai some of our readers may be curious to
rnoir the shape of the Constitutional amend
rat as agreed upon in caucus and passod by
■t Senate, wc annex pcrticulars:
The first amendment is to the first section,
ml declares all persons born in the United
'Wes, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof.
«citizens of the United States and the States
herein they reside. The remainder of the
ration to secure equal protection of the laws
: without alteration.
The section in relation to the appointment
t Representatives is amendod by the substi-
stion of the words “male inhabitants being
citizens of the United States” for the words
tttalc dti zens.”
The third scctian is stricken out. It will
< recollected it excluded from voting until
-*®. for Representatives in Congress, and for
Lectors for President and Vice-President, all
Krsonj who voluntarily adhered to the late
direction, giving it aid and comfort.
The caucus adopted lor this a section do-
'•Wng that no person shall be a Senator or
hepresentative in Congress, or elector of
Preddent or Vice-President, or hold any ©f-
C( > civil or military, under the United States,
fonder any State, who, having previously
-ktn an oath as a member of Congress, or as
^ officer of the United States, or as a mem-
! cr of any State Legislature, or as an execu-
! >c or judicial officer of any State, to support
he Constitution of tho United States, shall
hive engaged in insurrection or rebellion
*S*inst the same, or given aid or comfort to
tJC enemies thereof. But Congress may, by
1 *otc of two-thirds, remove such disability.
•k fourth section is added, viz: The obli
gations of the United States, incurred in sup
pressing insurrection, or in defense of tlic
huion, or for payment of bounties or pen-
sior.g incident thcroto, shall remain inviolate
Tire- tourth section of the original bill be
comes the fifth, nnd is altered mainly to make
sore specific that neither the United States
-or any State ihaB assume or pay any debt
■ obligation incurred in aid of insurrection
(r rebellion against the United States, or any
. m Tor compensation for tho loss or eman
ation of nny slave, and declares nil such
'bis, obligations and claims shall bo forever
he'd illegal and void.
The fifth section of the original becomes
r* s * x th, and remains unaltered. It gives
p^rcss the power to enforce by appropriate
Elation the provisions of this act.
which
Savior,
thisa’l'iu*. niu-t seem to them to be worth a
Perhaps on no one institution in the State i 10r » » ot of Northern illustrated papers, and thought, all else must appear as mere by-
is the prosperity of Georgia so dependent as i T° r the following new books: plays.” His soul seemed to glow with inspi-
upon the Western & Atlantic Railroad, or, to, SuAandt ami Hornet, by Marion Harland, radon. “When I think what my Savior has
- *»•<«"• * « i. more tmiliarlv “'-1°' SffStWSflS
State Hoad. As N well known. etc. Pubh-hcd by Mul.lon A to.. .New ’ m()rtnl , H k,. me. I can scarcely realize
York, 18CC, pnee $1 75. This is a new f t _ and j arn un ] ia ppy a t the thought of
work by an exceedingly popular Southern | my unworthiness.
lady, by birth a Virginian, and is brought “When I go into the court-room and engage
out in handsome style.' Wc need not recom- m J professional duties, my immortality
, .. , . TT is not satisfied; it ague lor something else,
mend it, as the many readers of Marion Har-1 ^ x ^ that ’ aU j £ in atc nK . r0 ° tro u-
land’s works will be glad to purchase it. i,lcs, and I sicken at the thought. Do not
From a hasty glance, we do notdhink it in-1 think by this that I am good, jf r from it.—
ferior to any of the interesting works of this | Would that I were lik. St. Paul standing
k TRR State Road Subject to Internal
? Tesi 'k Tax ?—A very important matter is
present pending before the United States
, “trict Court, whetlier the Western and At-
"f : ; c Railroad is wholly owned by the State
• (Jeorgio, is liable nndcr t'uo United States
>«me laws for Internal Rovcnuc tax. A
** h:is been filed by Gov. Jenkins to enjoin
Atkins, Assessor of the Fourth District.
. district Attorney has put in a demurrer
* bbie Chancellor (Judge Erskine)
under consideration. His dc-
t * will he looked for with interest.
to all our Georgia readers at least, this work
connects the cities of Chattanooga and At
lanta, and is the only outlet to the Southern
Atlantic for the product* of the West It is
a single trunk, and is fed by the Wills Val
ley, the Memphis and Charleston, the Chatta
nooga and Nashville, the East Tennessee and
the Rome Branch Railroads—in all five. In
turn, at its Atlanta terminus, it fee ls tho
Avgusta and Savannah, the South Carolina,
the Macon and Western, the Central, and the
Atlanta and West Point Railroads, to say
nothing of the continuations leading south
west from this city. It will thus be seen how
important a link it forms in the communica
tion between the interior and the coast In
fact there is no similar work, South or North,
that has such vast interests dependent up
on it.
The draft upon the State Road to do this
extraordinary amount of business, is tremen
dous, and the washing away of a single
bridge on its line throws »' i.ost our entire
Southern system of railr.«ds into disorder.
From these facts it will be manifest bow
vastly important it is that tlic road should be
managed with the first ability, and supplied
with all the material advantages that tliccapi-
tal and credit of the State can command.
As regards the first particular, the public
will be gratified to know that it is at the
present time in the ablest and safest bands.
The Governor of Georgia is, cx-ojficio, Presi
dent and sole director. In the capacious in
tellect, the extended practical experience in
business affairs, and the honest purposes of
Mr. Jenkins, the public have a guarantee
that the supreme direction will be liberal,
wise, and advantageous; to which may
bo added tho additional security of t
Superintendent noted for his skill*and abili
ty in the art of railroad management. In
these particulars everything is moving, and
will doubtless continue to move, to the en
tire satisfaction ot all who have an interest
in the proper administration of the.business
affairs of that great institution
There is one particular, though, and a very
serious one, in which the Western and Atlan
tic Railroad is deficient, and that the public
mind may be awakened and directed to this
point, is the leading object ot this article.—
The trouble has been felt somewhat in the past
and is destined to increase in magnitude in
the future, provided no early step shall be
taken to apply the only remedy. We allude
to the inability of the road, as it stands, to
perform the amount of labor that is required
ot it. Gorged at both ends with a teeming
fitight, its limited accommodations must
provo inadequate to the vast demands that
will be made upon it. Tlic consequent de
lays and interruptionsto commerce must create
serious and wide-spread annoyance and loss;
in fact the inconvicnce will soon be so great
that the public will demand a remedy in one
way or another. If the State of Georgia,who
owns the road, should fail to discharge this
obligation and thus protect a great interest
whilst it subserves a public necessity, private
enterprise will surely step in and supply the
deficiency.
The only remedy that occurs to us at pre
sent is a double trade over the whole line of
road, and a duplication of the rolling stock
to meet tlic increased accommodation. This
must be furnished, and the State cannot
set about the work too soon. Wc would
urge that it be commenced forthwith, for the
public wants will more than keep pace with
its progress, however rapid the latter may be.
We also maintain that it can bo done without
a line of additional legislation, and at an in
considerable cost to the State.
Under our new system of criminal jurispru
dence, it is safe to say that the State will
nverngo permanently from five hundred
to a thousand convicts condemned to confine
ment nnd hard labor. There is no' Peniten
tiary accomodation for such a multitude of
criminals, and wc hope there never will be.—
Then, as the law now authorizes employment
upon the “public works,” let this large force
be put to work on a double track for the
Western nnd Atlantic Railroad. In a very
few years tlie whole line will be complete, and
at a cost that will 1ms trifling, amounting on
ly to the expense of feeding, clothing and
guarding the workmen, with a few inciden
tal items, such as medical attendance, over
seers, &c. &c. The State is nearly out of debt
and will be able to secure tlic necessary iron
to lay tlie road and the cars to stock it with
out serious difficulty.
So much for this great public necessity and
the way to meet it. Wc hope the attention
of our people, and especially the Governor,
will Imi immediately directed to the subject,
and with a practical result that shall give a
renewed impulse to the railroad and other
commercial business of the State.
antbor.
The Galaxy, an illustrated magazine of en
tertaining reading, published fortnightly, by
W. C. & F. P. Church, 39 Park Row, N. Y.
It is an original American magazine of the
brightest class, and each number contains
about 200 pages. The price per number
is 25 cents, or $5 00 for the year, thus afford
ing for that sum 3,300 octavo pages of good
reading.
books and papers, and are constantly receiv
ing new works.
Important Railroad Phoject.-TLc read
er will find on our first page all the material
portion of a report made by the Engineer who
recently surveyed some seventy-five miles at
the Chattanooga end of the projected direct
Railway from that city to Cincinnati. The
road in question is not only important to the
tradesmen of Cincinnati, and the planters, mi
ners and stock-raisers of Kentucky and East
Tennessee, but as a feeder to Georgia roads
and Georgia markets, it possesses a peculiar
interest to the people of our State.
At an early day, we purpose to take up *’ .
question ot Southern Railroads, and discuss
their material and political bearing in mould
ing our future history. The State of Geor
gia has a most important work to perform in
this regard, but our remarks on this point are
reserved for a separate article.
[From the Tallahassee Sentinel
OIT-linml Sketches and Personal
Reminiscences of Distinguished
Members ofthc Georgia Bar,
No. 2.
FRANCIS S. BARTOW.
The subject of this notice was born in Sa
vannali, Georgia, about tbc year 1815, or
1816, hi3 father having been a distinguished
physician of that city. He was educated at
tho Chatham Academy until prepared for
College, when he entered the Georgia Univer
sity, and graduated there with honor in the
class of 1835. ' He early indicated the talent
before King Agrippa, though in chains.”—
And thus he continued to expatiate; and I
listened to the best sermon I Lave ever heard,
on that memorable ni&bt, sittingon the deck
of the steamer, gliding swiftly over the wa
ters between tlie Georgia and Florida coast,
bis soul. “ The consignees of that ship nre
my clients, and it they do not accept you as
a passenger, I will never do another lick of
work for them rs long as I live. I will go
and see them!” And lie went, and the next
morning I received a polite note fron the
consignees, telling me that a state-room was
1 . . -1 CU11SJUI1IX-9, UJC uiai a swie-iwiu nai
Messrs. P. & H. keep a large assortment of at m y serv j ce . it was true they were not
which distinguished him ns a scholar and or- ... .
atorin subset"™* Handled i-r-far
Pretty Near the Truth.—The Alexan
dria, Virginia, Union-Botts-Radical Conven
tion declared in favor of negro suffrage and
tho disfranchisement of everybody who
had anything to do with the late
Corifcdcrnte cause. Commenting on
the action of this little faction, Harper’s
"Weekly says: “When the platform of this
convention becomes tho policy of the late
rebel States the corner-stone of an enduring
peace will be laid.”
If these be tbe only terms of Peace, then,
we say: “let discord reign ferever!”
JgTThe President has approved the bill
to prevent and punish kidnapping. It en
tails a fino not exceeding five thousand dol
lars or imprisonment for a term not exceed
ing five years, or both, on any person convict
ed of kidnapping any other person lor tlic
purpose of selling him into involuntary ser
vitude ; nny vessel carrying such person away
for tlic same purpose is forfeit to the United
States, and the master or owner subject to
tlic above puni-liments.
bis native city, and was admitted to the Bar
soon after attaining bis majority. His en
thusiastic temperment, and early religious
tendency, induced him to prepare for the
ministry, but persuasion of friends, and being
hurled into the vortex of fashionable life,
(his brilliant talents making him a pet of so
ciety,) determined his choice of a profession,
and ho turned to the law. He soon became
an ornament to tbc selection which lie made,
which was recognized by the public entrust
ing young Bartow with important briefs, and
his country sending him to represent her in
the Legislature ot the State. He married at
this time, the lovely lady who survived him,
a daughter of the Hon. John McPherson Ber
rien. They never had any children, which
was a source of grief to the affectionate and
warm hearted Bartow. But I anticipate.—
After repeated elections to the State Legisla
ture ana after acquiring a high reputation
for forensic oratory, his friends presented his
claims to the people of his district for elec
tion to Congress—but bis party being in a
minority in the district, be was defeated, al
though he received a support far beyond his
strict party vote.
This, however, stung and mortified the nat
urally sensitive and high-strung Bartow, and
drove him more closely to the pursuit of his
profession. Ho found a legal association with
the venerable and profound Ex-Judge Wil
liam Law, known as the firm of Law & Bar
tow—and recognized ns “heavy artillery” in
all important causes. In 1855 Mr. Bartow
accompanied tbe author of this sketch to
Jacksonville. Florida, on special retainer, to
nuguc tlic cause entitled Elizabeth Jones ct.
al. vs. Sanderson & Harrison, reported in tlic
Supreme Court Reports of that year. It was
his first appearance at the East Florida Bar.
His manner was striking, and his oratory and
powers of argumentation made a profound
mpression on all who heard him. His tribute
to Fla., thrown in by way of relief to the close
and connected legal and logical argument he
had been presenting, was extremely beauti
ful. To illustrate the effect of his speech on
the occasion referred, to a young but promis
ing member of tbc East Florida Bar, who
has since risen to distinction, remarked to
me, “Well, I have studied my profession
hard, and havo been listening to efforts of
lawyers in tnis court-house since my child
hood, but have never known wbat was law
before to-day, or how it should be presented
to a court—that man is a lawyer and an orater
in every sense of the term,” or language to
that purport. Francis @. Bartow was a glo
rious man 1 He had a soul as enlarged as the
range of human thought—a nature as noble
os human nature has ever been in any age of
the world. He was a Bayard, cbivalric and
pure—“Arm peur et rnnt reproadte.
He never turned his back on friend or foe.
He was considered proud by those who did
not know him well—yes, be was proud, hut
it was pride of lofty principle—it was the
pride that would not stoop to a little or low
act or thought for his life—it was the pride
that contemned everything mean and con
temptible. Such was Frank Bartow in char
acter. In person lie was below the medium
height, but erect. in carriage and with full
chest and elastic step; decidedly martial in
appearance and bearing. He was of swarthy
complexion, bad a Roman nose, and very near
sighted, although his eyes were dark and
penetrating. Thus much for his physiogomy.
Now permit me to indulge in a few personal
reminiscences. On the trip to Florida,
above alluded to, wc sat together on the
promenade deck of tho steamer, and enjoyed
the balmy night It was calm and the stars
were shining peerless in brightness as they
can only shine in Southern skies. The effect
was soothing to the spirits. Bartow, gazing
into those heavens, became meditative. I
.siw the direction his thoughts took, ne at
length uave utterance to thought, and referred
to the theories ol the stars being inhabited.
It led him to descanting on the importance
-jven tlzis world, in the stupendous plan of
Human salvation. "I often think,” said he.
“if the angels can look down on the affairs of
men. how insignificant must appear in tneir
t'-c: all other business or pursuits, save that
prepared to take passengers, and in addition
they apprehended that the ship might be
quarantined on her arrival at the port of
Cadiz, in consequence of having an invalid on
board. This I discovered to have been the
difficulty in my obtaining passage when the
application was first made. But Bartow put
a quietus on all objections. I paid for and
secured my stftte-room, took the voyage, and
am alive to-day to pen this brief biography
of my departed friend, and to pay a feeble
tribute to his goodness and his memory. But
I am extending this notice far beyond the
proposed limits originally intended for these
sketches. I might relate many more inci
dents of Bartow, but must forbear. He hid
always been a "Whig in politics, but in the
canvass of I860, ho gave his adherence to the
Breckinridge wing of the Democratic party.
His public address, when he came over, was
a masterly piece of eloquence. To use the
language of the “ "Washington Constitution
of that date, “ if lie never delivered another
speech as long as he lived, this alone would
stamp him an orator.”' Tbe papers of that
party very generally pronounced it the ablest
speech of the canvass. His apostrophe to
Everett was one of the most exquisitely pa
thetic touches that is to be found in modern
language. He pronounced a number of liter
ary addresses before the graduating classes,
alumni a id societies of the different colleges
in his native State.
He was a member of the Convention of
Georgia which passed the Ordinance of Se
cession, and favored the passage of that Or
dinance. By the Convention he was elected
a member of the Provisional Cong/ess. He
there distinguished himself as the. Chairman
of the Military Committee, but resigned his
seat in Congress, while the Government was
still at Montgomery, and hastened home to
Savannah to lead the company into the field—
“tho Oglethorpe Light Infantry,” ot which he
had been tbe commander ever since its organ
u,uis company was dbmposed tw your
for tho most part tbe cute of ..'.v- ' uq/
unfortunate controversy with
took place as Bartow with Iris eonif-tw^Jras
about leaving the State—the Governor pro
hibiting him from taking the arms with him,
as he claimed them us the property of tlie
State of Georgia. In Bartow's reply to the
Governor occurs the famous passage which be
came proverbial, “I go to illustrate Georgia!”
On reaching the State of Virginia he was
appointed to the command of the 8th Geor
gia Regiment, of which the “Oglethorpe”
composed a part—and on the 21st of July
1801,; he acted as Brigadier General on the
field of Manassas. lie led the 8th gallnntly
into the fiercest of the combat, and held them
to the shock, against overwhelming odds.—
He then led in person the 7th Georgia which
formed also a portion of his Brigade, and fell
at its head, covered with wounds, with the
flag in his hand, which he had just planted
on a captured battery. The shout of victory
greeted bis ears as his spirit took its flight
above tbe din of battle—above the carnage
and the strife—to scenes of peace and rest.—
His remains repose in tlie beautiful Laurel-
Grove Cemetery, near his loved Savannah.—
“No triumph shall awake him to glory
again.” . > "
“How sleep tbe brave who Sink to rest,
With all their country’s honors blest,
When Spring with dewy fingers cold
Returns to deck their hallowed mould,
Let honor como a Pilgrim gray,
To bless the turf that wraps their clay,
And freedom for awhile repair.
To dwell a weeping Hermit, there.”
C. P. C,
St. Catherine*.* Island—A Black
Monarch Deposed.
A correspondent of the Savannah Herald,
who accompanied Gens. Stecdman nnd Ful-
lartou in their late cruise along our sea is
lands, thus writes:'
Threading the tortuous narrow island
channel, wc made St. Chatcrine’s Island on
Sunday afternoon. On this island, a few
months ago, a strange state of things pre
vailed. A full blooded uegro, from the
North, named Tunis G. Campbell, was ap-
ointed an agent of the bureau under Gen.
axtou, and assimicd to duty at St, Catherine's
and Ossabaw Islands. He immediately con
stituted himself a kind of'Emperor, formed
a Senate and nouse of Representatives, ap
pointed a Chief Justice and Circuit Judges,
Sheriffs, Marshals, Coronors and Delegates—
in short, established an exact. parody of
the government of the United States,
and all for the control ot three hundred nig
gers. This done, he issued a proclamation
“by virtue ofthc authority vested in mo by
the President of the U. S., and Major Gen.
Saxton,” setting apart a day of public thanks
giving for the blessings bestowed upon them
i>y Providence. Lest any white may be
disposed to interfere and take away any of
these aforesaid “ blessings” lie raised a stand
ing army of nigger soldiers and stationed
patrols on tho bench to drive off any
white man who attempted to land.—
Gen. Tillson, on assuming charge of the
Bureau in Georgia, at onco broke up tbe
Empire of Tycoon Campbell and his
Majesty is now filling tho position of delegate
at the African Convention which is or wn3
sitting in Savannah. The bad effects of bis
rule and the influence of an Irishman who,
under a permit from one of General Saxton’s
subordinates, came upon tlie island preaching
negro suffrage and selling whisky, are still
apparent, but with a wise and judicious of
ficer in charge of-the Bureau affairs at
the present time, matters are consider
ably improving. There is only one planta
tion, "W. Waldburg’s, on St. Catherine’s Is
land, and a magmfficent plantation it is.
Messrs. "Winchester and Schuyler, of New
York, have leased the firm and are giving
tbe freedmen one-third of the crops nncl their
rations. Under this liberal arrangement the
negroes arc working steadily and well, and
are doing incomparable better than the dar
kies at the other end of the island, who pro
fess to be cultivating land under Sherman’s
orders, but in reality are doing as much loaf
ing as work.
THECINCINNAT! AND CHATTANOOGA
RAILROAD.
Col. W. B. Gaw’s Report of his Survey,
Ac —The Shortest Route from Cincin
nati to Pensacola.
Col. Wm. B. Gaw, has recently made an
interesting report of a survey of the Chatta
nooga end ot a proposed line of railway di
rect from that city to Cincinnati. His sur
vey crosses the Big Emory seventy-two (72)
miles from Chattanooga. From Big Emory
the route continues North 30 degs. East,
an intersection with the survey of the pro
posed railroad to Cincinnati, starting at
Sweetwater on the East Tennessee and Geor
gia Railroad, via Dearmond’s Gap in Wal
den’s Ridge, to Sommerset, Kentucky, mak
ing the whole distance from Chattanooga to
a connection with this survey through the
mountains, via Dearmond’s Gap, seventy-
four (74) miles, not varying more than six
degrees from an air line. We omit details
and proceed to that portion of the report
which relates to the character of the country
and the objects sought to be attained by the
proposed road. He says
The country through which the line of
railroad will run is one of the finest in the
State, considered with reference either to the
agricultural, mineral, Jor manufacturing re
sources; and the scenery through the val
leys presents a most delightful prospect to
the eye. Living springs abound along the
mountain sides, and the numerous creeks to
which they give rise flow with such a veloci
ty as to furnish mill sites almost every three
hundred yards of their course. It will be
easy to supply tho water tanks of the railroad
at a small expense by pipes leading from
some of these springs.
The soil is fertile, producing great quanti
ties of wheat, corn, oats and rye, grass, and
an abundance of vegetables. Large flocks of
sbeep arc raised, for which the country
well adapted.
Inexhaustible measures of coal are found
all along the line from Chattanooga to Em
ory River, and particularly abound in Rhea
county, occurring at an altitude of from
two hundred to four hundred feet on the
mountain side; and mines are in successful
operation at Big Chicamauga, Soddy, Rich
land, Clear Creeks, and near Pincy Creek,
White’s Creek, and at the Big Emory River.
In no portion of the route surveyed arc tho
coal beds distant more than a mile from tho
line of the proposed railroad, and in sev
eral instances coal has recently been discov
ered at a less elevation, which can be
reached by a side track of less than a quar
ter of a mile in length, and the coal, with
out beiug broken into fragments by passing
down a long sbute, can be emptied from
cost, as' low. if not lower, than any road re
cently constructed ir. the Northwestern prai
ries. It may be well to state hers that the
above estimate does not include the bridge
across the East Tennessee River at Chatter
nooga.
As an objection to this route, it has been ’
Southern Baptist Convention.
TITIRD DAT.
[Special Cor. of the TJnioa A American.]
Russellville, Kt., May 24, I860.—Before
alleged by a committee in Cincinnati, com- 1 n? P ° rt I " 1 i f hl0
pored of certain individuals who nre with iast algid was
some reason fearful that, should the route I
the tram cars of the mines immediately in
to the railway cars; and thus by avoiding
tho necessity for frequent handlings, could
be shipped to Chattanooga cheaper by rail
than by river transportation. The facility
with which the products of these mines can
be shipped tj a market aa. soon «tliisiiaa
of railroad is completed will enable them
to compete witlr success for supplying a large
part of the demand in the Southern market,
Although not submitted by myself to a
chemical analysis, it is believed from as care
ful examination as could be made without
analysis, that this coal is superior to any
article now in this market, for forge purposes,
but it is not adapted for furnace use until
coked. The virgin forests of the mountains,
however, furnish inexhaustible supplies of
wood for the charcoal used in making iron.
Beds of iron ore are found.along the entire
route in proximity to the coal measures, and
“Bloomarics” have been established near Rich
land and White’s Creeks, and also at other
points.
Besides the advantages enumerated, there
arc indications ofPctroleum existing tliroug
the valleys traversed by this survey. Oil has
been found floating upon the Springs near
Richland Creek and at Emory rivor. It is an
established fact that jietroleum may always be
expected in the bottom lands adjacent to coal
measures. Copper has been found between
this line and tho East Tennessee and Georgia
Railroad, and lead lias been discovered on
this survey near Mill Creek, in quantities suf
ficient to justify a thorough scientific explora
tion.
The Manufactures of this section of the
country arc, at present, as follows: bar iron
flour, leather, cloth, and lumber. Saw anci
grist-mills are found on almost every creek.
There is a carding machine run by water
power on Mill Creek, and power looms at the
someplace, where a good article of “jeans” is
manufactured.
The people of tlie country through which
the road will pass, are intelligent and enter
prising, and are so fully aware of the great
advantages to bo realized from tho develop
ment of their resources consequent upon the
completion of this road, that they propose to
donate tho right of way; and will furnish
free ot cost all tho timber needed in tbe con
struction of tbe road for cross-ties and for
other purposes, and I doubt not but large
amounts of land will be freely transferred
to tbc Company in aid of this important en
terprise.
The advantages of the line surveyed having
been thus briefly enumerated, an estimate ot
the cost of tlic road, as accurate as could be
obtained without an actual survey of the
route, is herewith submitted.
The following statement exhibits the max
imum grade, tho average grade, the length of
straight and curved lines respectively, togeth
er with the approximated cost of clearing,
graduation (including rock and earth-work),
masonry (including nrclicdi pier and square),
bridging, (including brace, truss and trestle),
ballasting, cross-ties, spikes, chairs, track lay
ing, side tracks, switches, turn-tables, water
stations and tanks, engine houses, station
houses, land damages, engineering and con
tingent expenses.
ESTIMATE.
Maximum grade (only l of a mile) 42 feet per"
mile.
Average grade 12 feet per mile.
Length of straight line 70 miles.
Length of curved line 4 miles.
Estimated cost of clearing $ 8,500
“ “ Graduation 220,000
“ • " Masonry (material gra-
Dlt tuitous) 15,000
“ • “ Bridging « 60,000
“ “ Ballasting “ 000
“ Cross ies “ 50,000
« « Spikes, chairs, tracklay
ing etc 140,000
“ * Land damages, engin
eering and contingent
expenses 60,000
Total estimated cost $559,500
From the above it may be safely affirmed
that this route possesses great advantages o\ cr
nnv other in the State, in alignment, grade,
and cost. The proportion of curved to
..might lines is very small. The medium
radius of curvature D more than 2,000 feet.—
About 00 per cent of the curves have radii of
or exceeding 7,000 feet. The total quantum
of excavation and embankment, and of square,
arched and pier masonry, andthc total lineal
feet of bridge structure afford an estimated
surveyed by us be decided upon, the pros
perity of the Capital of tlic State would be
eclipsed bv the rising town of Chattanooga;
that to I mild a road through J-h'.-t Tmnesteo
from Cincinnati to a connection with the
one of the most old-fashioned, rousing and en
thusiastic meetings imaginable. It was a feast
of piety and good will. The Rev. Dr. Sam
son was the first speaker, and his effort was
one of the finest and strongest, nnd effective
c-ver delivered on such an occasion. It was
heart ot the Southern system of railroads at ? nl - v } 1,!rt - v minut T e T s “ of burn
ing eloquence. He was followed by Rev. Mr.
Chattanooga, would be like bridging the
State of Tennessee; meaning thereby, that in
East Tennessee there is nothing to” support
the road; and that so far from developing
trade and manufactures, and furnishing a
market for the wares of Cincinnati, it would
be like passing over water where nothing
would exist but what the road introduced.
Without animadverting upon the motives
of these gentlemen in thus misrepresenting
the fact, we would simply refer to the results
of this survey and to the report of the State
Geologist as to the mineral resources of the
country, while for proof of the agricultural
prosperity of East Tennessee, we "would re
mind the parties that she supported for years
tnc armies of tbe Union and of the Confede
racy. And yet now she is so far from being
impoverished that the unanimous voice of all
visitors is that in the cities of East Tennessee
is seen more enterprise and a greater amount
of business in proportion to their size than
in any other cities of tho South.
The population ot the counties through
which this road will pass to the Emory River
is as follows:
Hamilton 20,000
Rhea 10,000
Roane 24,000
Total 51,000
With the other counties between Chatta
nooga and the Kentucky line, whose products
would find an outlet through this road and
its extension, and would obtain most of tlieir
supplies of manufactured articles over it, the
population tributary to tho road might be
safely estimated at least 100,000.
The distance from Cincinnatti to Chatta
nooga is universally admitted to be 22 1-2
miles less by this lino than by way of Knox
ville or Nashville, and the great difficulties
and immense expense of building from the
Emory river across the country to Sweetwa
ter, tlie East Tennessee and Georgia railroad,
necessitating heavy grades and deep cuts
through the ridges, with the gain of but a
few miles in the distance to Atlanta, and lit
tle over one hour’s time, while failing of the
connections for the Southwest, via the Mem
phis and Charleston, and Wills Valley rail
roads, will, with proper co-operation by
Chattanooga and the several counties inter
ested in this line, turn the scale in favor of
this direct route from Cincinnatti to Cliatta-
The object of Cincinnati in seeking a direct
connection with the South,is,as stated by the
Commercial, to exchange the crude products
of the South, both mineral and agricultural,
for the products of her skilled labor. 8iio
" res.to receive the cotton and wool, the
.read, ami eopprr (tTUnS^oatb, an
return supply the cloth, machinery anil other
manufactured article s which may be needed
here. She wishes to furnish engines for our
manufactories, cars for our railroads, and
clothing for ourselves, anil to receive in re
turn our products. To facilitate this exchange
of productions, and that the cost of trans
portation may be decreased, Cincinnati wants
a railroad,on the shortest possible line, which
will connect her with the center of the South
ern system of railways. She cannot obtain
that line via Knoxville or Nashville. There
fore, wc have no fears when all the facts are
elicited, but the route finally adopted by
Cincinnati will be that via the Emory River,
terminating at Chattanooga. This route is
admirably adapted to tlie ends in view, as it
opens up the richest mineral region of the
country and affords the most direct and spec
dy access to the great cotton fields of Geor
gia, Florida, Alabama and Mississippi.
The connections at present made from Chat
tanooga to the South and Southwest arc as
follows: via. Western and Atlantic Railroad,
to Atlanta, and thence to all points South
and Southeast; via, the Memphis and Charles
ton Railroad to Decatur. Grand Junction and
Corinth, connecting with the Mobile and Ohio
Railroad; and Mississippi Central for the
Southwest.
Tho necessary arrangements, we arc crcdi
bly informed, have just been perfected, which
will ensure the early completion of the Wills
Valley Railroad. With the completion of
this road, a great national thoroughfare is
established, from New York via Cincinnati
and Chattanooga to Pensacola and New Or
leans nnd intermediate points on the shortest
possible line.
Wc have thus, in as few words as possible,
presented-the advantages of the proposed line
of railroad, with reference to the benefit it
will confer upon the people it will unite, and
to the facility and cheapness with which it
can be constructed.
It is believed that no material point has
been overlooked, the knowledge of which
would contribute to the thorough under
standing ot the results to be obtained from
the completion of the road and of the nature
of the country through which it wiil pass.
A thorough scientific exploration and oc
tual survey, so far from detracting from the
weight of any of the arguments adduced in
favor of the route would, it is confidently as
serted, only confirm the deductions made
from the preliminary rcconnoissancc.
Opening as this line of Railroad would, a
country unequalled for mineral resources, and
well adapttd for stock-raising and wool
growing; producing more than enough of
grain, fruits and vegetables for its own con
sumption, and capable of supporting howev
er large a population. Cincinnati would find
at every station a demand for her products of
skilled labor, and would receive in return
the iron, lead and copper, as well as the
wool nnd agricultural products; while Chat
tanooga would derive thence the material for
her rolling mills and foundries, and would
secure a ready market for her manufactures.
Thus the completion of this road would
confer inestimable benefits upon all, and
would in a short space of time, beyond re
pairing the losses of the past five" years, in
crease the wealth of the country it traverses,
to more thaq twofold its greatest former
amount,'besides being one more, and that the
strongest and greatest, link on the grand
Commercial Union of the States, to which
we must, in a great measure, depend fbr es
tablishing and preserving harmony of inter
est and feeling among all parts ot our great
nation.
Before closing this report I must be per
mitted to tender my acknowledgments to Mr.
"Win. Crutchfield, Major McCrea and Col. W.
T. Gass, who accompanied the roconnoissance,
for the courtesy and attention and the valua
ble assistance which their familiarity with the
region traversed enabled them to give me.
Respectfully submitted.
Wm. B. Gaw, Engineer.
Alexander II. Stephens writes to a
ieiui, his “only hope for the country is in
the next Fall elections at the North."
Lorrimer, ot Louisville in a masterly speech
of fifty minutes, in which he urged the im
portance of the work among the colored peo
ple of the South. Rev. Dr. Burroughs of Rich
mond, followed in an address of 40 minutes,
concurring in the idea advanced in relation
to the importance of instructing the blacks
as well as attending to places "all over the
South destitute of preaching. He wanted
the Gospel of Jesus Christ "and the gospel
alone, preached all over the land. Then
came the Rev. Mr. Sumner, the Correspond
ing Secretary of the Board of Domestic Mis
sions, located at Marion at Alabama, who
brought out the warmest feelings of the largo
congregation present. After which a collcc-
lcction was taken up for the use of tho Board*
amounting to oversix hundred dollars. The
town of Russellville, as well as most of the
towns in Kentucky, had previously given lib
erally to this and other benevolent operations
of the convention, nnd money was pouring in
to the treasury of this Board during the ses
sions of the Convention, by the hands of the
delegates. The mass meeting closed a little
before 11 o’clock.
A prayer meeting was held at eight o’clock
this morning, and the Convention was called
to order at nine o’clock, and was opened with
prayer by Rev. Mr. Howard, of Alabama.
A great many reports were presented, from
various committees. One in relation to the
little paper called Kind Words, published at
Greenville, South Carolina, at ten cents per
annum, elicited a warm discussion in favor
of Sabbath Schools.
A report was presented by Rev. C. C. Bit
ting, ot Virginia, in relation to Foreign Mis
sions. It was no dull and formal report, but
a live eloquent document* Immediately after
its reading, the Rev. Dr. Fuller arose and
said: “I thank God, and I thank the brother,
for tbnt noble report;” and then eloquently
advocated the great work of sending the
Gospel to the heathen. The Rev. Dr.
Jeter, Rev. Dr. Taylor and others
followed. The Reverend Dr Tichenor,
of Alabama, made one of the most
eloquent addresses ever listened to. He saw
before him a delegate who was now under
indictment for preaching the blessed Gospel.
Others had been imprisoned, and Christianity
seemed to bo, in a human point of view,
going backward. But this t> not tnie.—
The word of tbe Lord would be proclaimed,
and tlie Prince of Peace would yet honor his
own work. The Gospel banner must be
raised in every land. Tlie Cross of Christ
must be every where proclaimed. We, in
our poverty, must carry on this great and
glorious work. I know tbe land is desolate,
tBt people poor! but the lard remains, arid
under the bles-^ng of God, will produce its
accustomed wealth. Let us, even in our pov
erty, give whatever we can, and give it
cheerfully, to a work second to none on earth.
His speech was poured forth, in words of
burning eloquence.
The Rev. Dr. Poindexter, the Rev. Dj.
Sampson, Rev. Mr. Surauer, Rev. Mr. Jones,
of Va., and others made speeches. Old Dr.
Sherwood, of Mo., in his address said that his
memory extended back to 1795, and dwelt
upon the pleasure lie took at the beginning
of our labors in this great work. Hcrefer-
red to Carey, to Boardinnn, to Judson, to
Rice, and other laborers in foreign lands.—
The Rev. Dr. Williams, of Maryland, stated
that lie disliked to take up farther time in
discussing this subject, but his intercourse by
mail with most of our missionaries, especially
in Canton and Shanghai, made it desirable to
say a few words. He said lie bad traveled
over a portion of* Kentucky for the Foreign
Board, and his old First Church at Baltimore
had been more blessed than ever before.—
Crowds attended tbe services, and sinners
were converted. God will bles9 his own
work, and those most active and zealons in
the spread ot tlie Bible abroad, will be most
blessed at home.
During the debate, the Rev. Mr. Cabiness, for
eight years a Baptist Missionary in China,
was called out, and made an interesting
speech.
The Rev. Mr. Frost, of Kentucky, and A.
Fuller Craue, Esq., of Maryland, made
speeches, after which, Rev. T. C. McKee, of
Tennessee, offered a resolution to take up a
collection in all our churches on the first Sab
bath in October next, which was unanimously
adopted.
A report on Sabbath Schools, from Dr.
Jeter, was adopted.
A number of announcements were made,
when the Convention adjourned till 2 1-2
o'clock.
The Convention re-assembled at the ap
pointed hour. Prayer by Rev. Mr. Shackel
ford, of Alabama.
A report from tho Committee on Creden
tials was presented, showing the following
members present:
Virginia...... 20
Maryland, 9
North Carolina, 1
South Carolina, 4
Georgia, 14
Alabama, 11
Mississippi,. 5
Tennessee, 8
Kentucky,..
Louisiana,
Missouri,.™ ....
Arkansas
District of Columbia
...1SS
1
... 1
1
.... 1
..... 1
Total,.. 271
A spirited debate took place on the subject
of Sunday Schools, and tlic freshest and most
original speech made was by W. S. Sedge-
wick, the Agent of the General Association
of Kentucky.
The Rev. Samuel Henderson, D. D., of Ala.
presented the report on the subject of the
circulation of tlic Scriptures. It was an able
paper, and recommended the resuscitation of
the Bible Board, to which a Colporteur Board
be attached, to bo located at Louisville, Ken
tucky.
Tbc Rev. A. P. Williams, of Missouri, 2>re-
sented a report on Indian Missions, urging
the resuscitation of the missions it in the
power of tlie Domestic Board to do so.
Adjourned till 9 o’clock to-morrow mom-
ing.
Mass meetings for foreign missions was
held at night, when speeches were made by
-i>. Cabbinc.". W. M. Williams, S. L.
i 1,■,:.i and U. W.uaii; •. Mr. Cabin, ,-s .,ang
,jig iu Chinese, and the translated it into
Eiudisb. A collection was taken, amount-
i_. to $431 30, and the meeting dosed with
raver by Rev. Dr. Fuller.
A French religious paper speaking ot
India! jr’s success on the English turt, says:
e are delighted to see a Roman Catholic,
horse beating Protestant horses! ’