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HE GEORGIA WEEKLY TELEGRAPH
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" . . i^ecnusc it would not amount to so
itthat it might not Xjh casein-
vt^ * ! '-ri, c first expense* wouldy, for the
nidf ( tbo necessary nicmori:). on the
0 f Georgia in the Gen^ n ] an
fjrtiiU? 1 , ,»nlntainanee of th<
forts; its opponents are asked to calmly con
sider their objections and to honestly acqui
esce if they find they were merely based on
prejudice. If my endeavor has won me but
one single friend for the measure and my
ifl'ftfjd the maintainauce of l ^Vp I countrymen. I shall deem myself amply re!
frfAjLd. This would, in all, not e\^ d wa rded. 3 <
» br °! rear * This is a small
£***£considered t bnt the agent wodjl
tV* «*Any traveling. A sub agent would
as the business increased.
,v>* ** ” urc this sum is left for you to dc-
gc* ,c pinallv, the war trouble in Ger-
r^il, stimulate, not decieise the
tit! emigrate, and those who will be
1 Will reap the first benefits.
t' 8518 assured that all we need is a little
1 *t n u»ht and energy than has hitherto
>"■' ’^tovvc.l on the subject—then, inde-
!rfi> 1 rtion If we look continually to
of Egypt,,and think Northern
4*,«*!,{ w jti help us out of our misfortunes,
*** monlv the deeper be engulphcd in gen-
« • .n ’ I am thorougbly convinced tlmt
if* 1 uU !t"»n*to the South will l*e of great benc-
' i th Teutons and Southerners, and we
one successful experiment to receive
,• 0 f that element which has, more
■* nvthing else, made the North what it
•*“ ^ int of material prosperity. I cannot
’ iB J*L tc to vou the great benefits which
’’Northern States have received from im
more lorcibly than by laying lm-
# f cW extracts from a speech of Col.
V u’auener, of Charleston, made early
> A ; the Legislature of South Caroli-
th*> Jy . s j ncc the above lines were written,
* *"j h .he kindness of that gentleman. He
:j Mntiic course of bis remarks:
l \vc examine the statistics of the United
we will find that the extraordinary
fU!f |h and prosperity *1 the Northern and
££, States is owing in a great measure to
Min immigration. Over five mil ions
E !tLiicmis have entered the United Slates
«Vt 40 years, to 1800. Add to
151 the children and descendants that have
** | )0n i during that term and we can ac-
l ' >< " f., r the astonishing increase in thepop-
Vjliill),
In one
| of the Western States the
"population is 59 per cent of the
y n ,y jf tve‘examine further we .shall find
V,'it U not the old and decrepid, who emi
nor tin; weak and
_y.ti.ir the very young,
'. iv hut mostly a people ot useful and en-
y with will and courage to do, and
1 iit< to prosper. It is true,indeed, that
,1 r. ,r. exceptions, but generally the above
H wHption Will be correct. I am not pre-
- I «re,l to prove this by figures, in reference to
I! £L, Ilt i generally, but I have had opportu-
<: oil,ct, from time to time, facts in rc-
10 the German portion of them, of which
j ’ v make mention. During the last month
Ly, Germans arrived in the city of New
Yo r k.+ ami these were all well-to-do people,
nth a lew exceptions. It has liecu proved
iv official information of the German Emi-
p, t ion Committee, of Berlin, in Prussia, that
it German emigrants, on an average, carry
with them in cash about $100 each. In 1851,
jccordintl to the official returns of that com-
ni-ion, 119,000 persons emigrated from the
various’states of Germany, taking along with
i: 000,000 thalers in gold. In 1852, nc-
tordinc to the same returns, 113,000 persons
ii,'rated, with a capital of 15,000,000 tha-
hrslngold. Other yearly returns give us an
approximate estimation, and prove conclu-
siv' lv that the immignuit <loes not generally
come with an empty hand. Besides tliey
generally come with u knowledge of a trade
or m.me useful business, already educated and
prviurtd for active and industrious life. Has
, DV 'one ever calculated how much it cost to
i]|i|M>rtaiid educate a person, before be be
come able to sustain himself and be useful to
the State! I Much of this lurge expense lias
lci-n saved tho American communities for
tbeiriiamiirant population. Now mostof these
»e a fanning or mechanical people, with
health, and strength, and industrious habits.
X «c not then udbiit that they are a
source of wealth and prosperity to every
State that is fortunate enough to furnish them
a refuse and a home. During the decade
from IS JO to 1800 the seven great Western
States of Ohio, Indinna, Illinois, Michigan,
Wisconsin, Iowa and Missouri gained in the
valuation of their taxable property tlic im
mense amount of nearly three billions of dol
lars.’ Into those extensive territories the
stream of European immigration has steadily
lowed, increasing tlieir population irom
'.,103,595 to 8,957,090 in ten years, and the
quantity of improved lands from 20,080,301
acres in 1850 to 51,820,395 acres in 1800.—
Tiicir cereal products have increased from
309,950,290 bushels in 1850 to 558,1G0,323
bushels in 1800; tiicir swine lrom 8,530,182
in 1850 to 11,039,350 in 1800, and their cattle
trow 4,373,713 in 1850 to 7,204,810 in 1800.
The effects of this influx of population in in
creasing the jsccuniary wealth as well as the
agricultural products of tho State, are signal
ly manifest.”
Another extract from the same address I
cannot omit, “A Northern friend of oursunny
and sends his greeting to us in the following
words: ‘The South is victorious to-day, and
in her present victory she secures such a Hen,
i n the future, as she lias never had before.—
With nil her rights restored, nothing can rc-
ttnl her progress in a career of prosperity,
*ich as the world has never yet witnessed.—
ht her people invite among them the right
kind of immigration, to developc her re-
"torces. let them heteare of Yankee propaganda
W and the;/ trill once more resume their jtosi-
V* as rulers of the Republic. Heretofore
?Nortb has reajvcd all the advantages de-
r ’'a»!o from the yearly influx of labor. It is
: °7 tor the South to say whether she will
‘liierc u old customs and thereby retard the
^cuperation of all her industrial interest or
Jjcornc a cunpotitor for the skilled labor
: *»t is daily landing on our shores.”
We have friends at the North, anxious to
** us prosper, and I Wieve who will come
toour aid as soon as they see that wo are in
^est in this great movement. Sooner, we
c <>u!d not expect it. “ What we want,” con-
dudes Col. Wanner, “ i* not so much the
***»« hut the trill, the consciousness that the
Put is irrevocably gone and a new world
opening before us.” When the pioneer strikes
axe into the forest tree in tho Western
Wilderness, to lay the foundation for his log
*~ju, there sccni3 to be endless labor and
difficulty before him, but his courage does not
“U, and as tho monarclis ot the forest fall,
I * bright sun srniloa upon bio path. an«l lie.
.14 in a few years his home is surrounded
*ith tho blessings ofi Heaven, and comfort
bon.'
plenty rewards his toil and determina-
Will not Georgia bo the first one of our
“Uuthcrn States in this great movement ?—
‘he first earnest, determined effort may lead
E* mto the right path out of our difficulties.—
*he beginning mny be small, let it only be
-uited; great ends have after been inaugurat-
EJi “T the humblest means, and we know, the
“•Shticst rivers at their source arc but in-
Smficant streamlets. Though light suc-
, lt ds darkness, that longed-for dawn will
iver conic if we fold our hands, the bright-
of morn will never dispel the shadows
v lowering over this prostrate yet so bless-
ti, < ?’} ntr J’> her children do not awaken to
J ru fi consciousness of tlic situation and the
i ‘ n . w l*ich inactively and despondency must
^'tably bring. The friends of the
J measure "which with my feeble
• n I have striven to bring before
YjMnust go to worit and redouble their ef-
: >500 for printing, postage, stationery
*r« rent; $1750, for actual expensef of chief
twj* “r one year; $750, for actual expenses of
u ('tho should be constantly in attendance
central office.)
it'i«„ < i? I ?P? n,al ' cn °f services rendered is here
'll tU?« , n , 0T fha eost of reaching Europe, but
Loon . deluded ought not to exceed tho sum of
lor chief and clerk.
Tm "umber of immigrants landed In New
toS.r/one, 1UM, wu nearly 80,000, of which
1 T , “* n °ue-half were Germans. Gekmakicus.
**lcu!»iiin*r , ®5 to 1)0 17years. At the very lowest
'xr d, T l , n for board,clothing and sohoollng at 35c.
• MdmKr, on J 0 ‘uch an age camiot bo raised
Wr ??]?. tedfor than $1500. Take the nnm-
ln June * 180 ®r »t 15,000
m«le a present In tmiocle
<0 ; sad »5S Ce .? r . orU * 1,0 !“• • »um than $33,250,
Ptrycu. the German emigrants arriving
those of June, lbflO, the
*52?? o7#3 3 3,a°0,°00 is the result. Acd
P^besi over Is equal, at $100
^ to $15,000,000. CUDUUKICUS.
Athens, Ga.. 28th August, 1800.
Address of flic Southern Loyalists
—“So-Cnllcd.”
^rownlow’s Menagerie of Southern polit-
•colNeasts, after traveling through the North
and vtQst, and putting decency to shame
wherever they went, finally concluded their
tour by a pilgrimage to the tomb of Abra
ham Lincoln. Here they went through sun-
dry disgusting tnnncuvres and hypocritical
professions of patriotism, closing up with an
addresss to the people of the United States.
The leading feature of the address is opposi
tion to the present Stats governments of the
South, which they wish overthrown and new
governments instituted, with themselves and
the negroes at the head of offers, all ‘‘rebels”
to lie tlieir subject*. As a matter of curiosity
we copy the conclusion of the address, in
which they sum up tlieir plana, as fallows:
Wc have expressed ourselves strongly in
this paper, because we feel deeply. The
bones of our dead arc in Southern graves.—
Our homes arc there. All the clustering re
collections of our 'childhood are connected
with the soil from which we arc called upon
to exile ourselves. Men of America! wc
cannot reconcile ourselves to the fate in store
for us, should we be deserted by you, and wo
will not believe that you arc capable of be
traying us. The ideas which we would cry-:-
talized in your minds are:
First That the usurpations of the Presi
dent cannot !>c repudiated by legalizing
them.
Second. The rebels cannot be kept out of
power by giving them absolute control of the
late rebellious States. And,
Third. That loyal men cannot be secured
in any of tiicir rights while officers in the
States where they live, from Governor down
to constable, are rampant rebels.
We know that the views herein expressed
are endorsed by almost all the Union men of
tlic* South of all races, and in order that there
may be no misunderstanding as to wliat wc
wish to have done, wc repeat that wc ask
Congress to pass a law providing for the es
tablishment of legal civil governments in the
non-constructed States, and that the said law
shall embody the fallowing ideas:
First: That no man who took part in tlic
Rebellion shall l>e permitted to vote or hold
office, at least unt'l he shall have complied
with such conditions as Congress mny see fit
to impose.
Second: That all loyal men, without re
spect to color or race, shall be permitted to
vote. ✓
Third : That whatever it mny be needed, a
local military force shall be organized, con
sisting solely of loyal men, and thnt the ex
pense of organizing, equipping and maintain
ing said force ahull be defrayed by that por
tion of the community whose conduct renders
its presence necessary.
Appealing to ail p'atricits to see to it, that
the fruits of victory are not lost at the eleventh
hour, and that thosefriends of the nation who
most need its protection shall not be first
abandoned, wc respectfully submit our
cause to the American people.
Amiekt Gkikein, C. E. Moss,
Alabama, Missouri,
A. J. Hamilton, C. II. Bijanscomb,
Texas, Missouri,
J. P. Newman, D. D., Geo. Tucker,
Louisiana, Virginia,
W. J. Smith. L. Sherwood,
Tennessee, Texas.
Jesse Stench, E. J. Davis,
Texas, Texas,
Weston Flint, II. C. Warmocth,
Missouri. Louisiana,
J. II. Binoiiam, P. B. Randolph,
Alabama, Louisiana.
Ii. Bokum, Tennessee.
Forsyth, ©ct. 20,1806.
Editors Telegraph:—In the communica
tion in your paper of the 19th instant, under
the caption of “Minor Freeduien,” there are
two chiro—or typographical errors; in the 5th
paragraph, after the words, “from the de
ceased,” read “minor” instead of “father;”
and in 2d paragraph from the top, 2d col
umn, after the words “compensated for in
value,” read “where there is mismanagement,”
and other trivial errors— for instance, the in
terest is computed at “six” instead of “seven’,
per cent, for the first five years.
Practical conclusions of the whole matter.
Granted there is no guardian—
1st. No contract can be made for pauper
minor freedmen's services except such as
arises by implication ot law from the relation of
the employer and employed (if it be not ex
press law), which is the contract prescribed
by the law of Georgia to the Ordinaries, and
securing “to the minor a proper maintenance'
and three months education.
2. That no contract can be made with tbe
minor's father, he having no property in the
services of the minor to contract about, by
failure to lurnisli these necessaries.
3. That no contract ran bo made with the
mother, she never having any property in
the services—except in cases of bastards;
when she can exercise all paternal power,
coupled with like disabilities, i. e., if there
be such a thing as a bastard freedman.
3. That no contract can be made with the
minor, he being disabled to contract.
4. That payment made to lather, mother
or minor under such pretended contracts is a
voluntary donation and cannot be pleaded in
bar of the minor's right to maintenance and
three months' education.
5. That considerations moving to tho mi
nor under such contract for his services are
but cumulative to or with those prescribed
by law.
G. That contracts made under orders from
the Freedmen’s Bureau were of binding effi
cacy so long as the military authorities saw
fit to interfere. That being rehabilitated with
our civil rights quo ad hoc, where the civil
law is impartially administered, the civil law
prevails. The military having ceased to in
terpose, signifies a purpose to withdraw the
power to enforce. It being incompetent for
our judiciary to administer military law, and
there being no power to enforce such con
tracts, they are null and void from the time
the military remitted us to our civil rights.
The military can resume the power at any
time. J- T. S.
Gen. Frank Blair attempted^ to ad
dress a meeting at Cape Girardeau. Missouri,
on Saturday evening, but was driven from
the stand with stones and followed to the
hotel with booting. The windows on the
6ide where Gen. Blair was known to be were
all broken.
[N5«o York Times.
And all this from a party that is clamoring
for free tpeeeh! They, however, mean only
free speech at the South; it will never be
tolerated at tho North. The Times publish
es the above without a word of comment-
had a Radical orator been thus served at the
South, how it would have howled about the
freedom of speech and opinion 1 Tho truth
is, the Southern States are the only part of
the country now in which a man can freely
express his opinions.
(grargia Wnti\\ (Stlcgrfpjj.
H?” A Speculation.—The speculators
are borrowing gold in Englcnd at reven per
cent, per annum, and lending it in New York
at a fourth to one per cent, a day. A very
handsome business, but it cannot last.
A Florida paper says that a number
of Northern Radicals who went to that State
to plaut cotton have entirely changed their
politics, and become good Administration
men, on account of tlic three cents tax.
Ready Again.—A New York letter says:
An officer, recently returned from South Ca
rolina, states that the old Twenty-Ninth rebel
regiment of that State has re-organized, and
offered its services to the President to assist
him in suppressing Congress.
■■■■■
When the Wab Ended.—The Attorney
General and Second Controller concur in
the opinion that the 20th of August, 1860,
the date of the President’s proclamation de
claring the insurrection to be at on end,
should be taken as the date of the termina
tion ot tbe war.
Riciuiokd Whig.—This old and able jour
nal is advertised to be sold—with tbe view of
terminating the existing partnership in the
paper, the number of partners to which is very
much increased by the death of the late Tims
M. Boodurant, of Buckingham, whoso heirs
became owucro of tils interest.
Atlanta* West Point Railroad.—We
observe, in tho Atlanta papers, that George
Hull, Esq., lias retired from the office of Su
perintendent of this road, and is succeeded
by 3Ir. L. P. Grant, a gentleman well quali
fied for the position. Sir. Hull, it is said,
will take charge of a road at the North.
Gen. Hennings.®'s distillery at Rock
etts, near Richmond, has been seized by the
Collector of Internal Revenue, for violations
of the statute, and as a preliminary to an
action in rem for its forfeiture to tlic United
States. It seems that, through ignorance, he
failed to construct certain cisterns, which the
law requires.
Our Chess Department.—We call the at
tention of all lovers of “ our royal pastime ”
to our Chess Department. To those fend of
the game it will afford much amusement and
instruction. It is edited with considerable
care, and we hope will meet the encourage
ment and approbation of all cliess players at
the South.
The old comrades in nrms, and the
friends of Col. T. J. Simmons, of Crawford
county, will find that his nnmc is announced
as a candidate for Solicitor General of the
Macon Circuit, and that they will have an
opportunity of showing their appreciation of
Ills services and sacrifices. He commanded
the 45th Georgia Regiment in the late war
and bore himself well.
Texas Rejects.—Gur special despatch
announces the almost unanimous rejection of
the constitutional amendment by the Texas
House of Representatives. The New York
Times and Herald may accept this as a fore
shadowing of the action ot every Southern
State, except that there will be very few that
will cast os many as five votes for the amend
ment.
Theatricals at a Premium.—It is assert
ed that Sir. Grau has received an offer irom
San Francisco to introduce Riston to the
miners of the Pacific slope. He also only
asks $100,000 for the privilege of letting the
golden dustmen of California see the great
Italian'twenty-five times.
We had some hope of seeing tho great tra
gedienne down South, but if this be tlic cost
of a sight of her, wc fear that most of our
Southern cities will “ die without the sight.’’
No Former Slaveholder shall ever re
President or Vice-President.—In a recent
Boston speech, Mr. Boutwcll said the Presi
dent had disgraced the country, but he would
not be impeached for it, and added:
I want to 6ay one thing, and so deeply am
I impressed with the conviction that no man
can ever hereafter be trusted in the office ot
President or Vice-President who has bought
or sold human flesh, that I coujure you all,
my fellow-citizens, forever after to make it a
rule of your public policy that no such man
be clothed with the highest office in the gitt
of the people. [Great applause, and cries of
“ Good.”]
Impeachment.—We have very little faith
in any serious attempt by the Radicals to im
peach tho President; yet os the matter is
threatened, our readers may be curious to
know the grounds. They are arranged by
chief fugleman, Wendell Phillips, as follows >
First.—Seeking to overthrow the Govern
ment of the United States.
Second.—Corruptly using the power of ap
pointment.
Third.—Declaring rcacc without the con
sent ot Congress.
Fourth.—Corruptly using tho pardoning
power.
Fifth.—Failing to enforce tho Civil Rights
Bill.
Sixth.—Complicity in the New Orleans
riots.
The Constitutional Amendment “Con
dition.”—A bill accompanied "the amend
ment was reported on the 30th of April, to pro
vide for restoring the Southern States. It
had two sections; one, that when they rati
fied the amendment they should have repre
sentation ; the other, that the direct tax un
paid should be postponed ten years. This
bill which seemed to look toward representa
tion, was deleated.
The thirty-ninth Congress thus refused to
make the rat ifiqption of the amendment a con
dition ot representation. In tho face of snch
a fact, for Republicans to talk of its bcifig a
condition is bare-faced, brazen dishonesty.
Condition, indeed! They now deny tho
South all representation.
LAWLESSNESS AT TIIE SOUTH.
In view of the moral condition in which a
country is always left after a long atid deso
lating war, the general Jsocial order and re
spect for law at the South reflects the highest
credit upon our people. Almost everywhere
society lias fallen back into its acccustomed
peaceful channels, and the holy influences of
religion and a sound morality are manifest
among the people.
There are, however, we regret to aay, un
happy exceptions to the general rule, grow
ing invariably out of ar, inability or indis
position to appreciate tbe changed relation of
the white and colored races. There are men
—a very few we hope—who still regard the
negro as possessing only the rights of a slave,
and who feel that he can be abused with
impunity. The sooner we banirii this senti
ment entirely from the country, the better it
will be for us. Our social peace and
political well-being, both, depend on a
proper recognition of tlio altered status
of the negro race. They must lie
treated justly, and secured in all their rights.
Any other course will lie productive of con
tinual social convulsions, will prove a serious
hindrance to industrial progress, and post
pone us indefinitely in the enjoyment of our
riehts in the Union. It is a tatal piece of
folly, and the good men of the country should
combine together to frown down and punish
every infraction of humanity or law. Our
enemies at the North are ever on the watch
and arc keen in scenting out every little do
mestic trouble in the South, and using it as
an argument in favor of perpetuation of their
own foul dominion over ns. Every interest
of the country demands that our people
should be circumspect, and do nothing to
put weapons in the bands of those who would
oppress and destroy us.
It is to be regretted that in our own law-
abiding and conservative State of Georgia, if
reports be true, crents have recently occurred
that are calculated to do us all an infinite
amount of harm. The killiug of a freedman
in Columbia county for protecting his wife
against the violence ot a band of msrauders,
is a case in point, and we are glad to see that
tlic civil authorities have arrested the parties
acd are resolved to hold them to a strict ac
count.
Wc have ulso just read a communication
from General Tillson, in reply to the rdsolu
tions of a recent public meeting in tho county
of Henry, which, if liis information be correct,
and it was obtained from a variety of sourc
es, tells badly against not only the acts of in
dividuals, but the public sentiment of that
county. The consequence is, a military force
has been sent to compel that rcpect for law
which the people seem unwilling volunta
rily to accord.
We feel assured that the people, of our
State entertain, almost unanimously, correct
sentiments on this subject; their duty now
is to give those sentiments the force of law
by discountenancing all offenders and bring
ing guilty parties, who are thus reckless of
the good of society, to a strict account. The
freedman, as a general rule, may not be ob
servant of his own social obligations; but
then wc should recollect that the law is am
pie for every case, and to its stern arbitra
ment alone, wc should resort in every case.
COTTON STATISTICS.
There can be no doubt, says the Charleston
Daily News, that, for the present at least, the
means for the resuscitation of the greater
portion of the South must be derived from
the sale of cotton. Such being the case, wc
this morning present to our readers, from the
New York Journal of Commerce, a state
ment of the Etock of cotton in Liverpool in
June and September lost, with the amount
received from each country, the weekly con
sumption of each kind, with the amount ex
ported. This statement is of great value to
merchants and planters, as the facts therein
given must be the basis on which all sound
estimates of the future value of the staple are
to be calculated. The writer thinks that the
supply of American cotton in Liverpool on
tho 31st December next will be reduced to
about 125,000 to 150,000 bales, when some
advance in price may reasonably be looked
for. Some six months ago we published a
table in relation to the stock and probable
supply of cotton at Liverpool, which attrac
ted much attention here ahd abroad. The
following, in continuation of the former state
ment, from the same source, will possess a
special interest at the present time:
LIVERPOOL STATEMENT OF COTTON.
In 11 weeks.
June 21.
Sept. 21
decrease.
Stock of American.......
454,490
309,610
American at Sett........—
70,000
18,000
524,490
. 327.610
196,880
Stock of East India.
373,470
397,370
At sea -
558,000
370,000
931,470
767,370
164,100
Stock China-ami Japan
6,120
4,850
At sea
18,000
8,000
24.120
12.850
11,270
Stock in Brazil
127,180
88,010
39,170
Stock Egyptian and
Smyrna -
53,140
:»,400
22,740
Stock West India
28,280
19,810
.8.470
Total apparent supply 1,868,6S0
1,216,050
442,63
The Charleston News on the Amend
ment.—A late number of the News says:
“Disagreeable .as the prospect may be, we
are forced to^conclude that without any pow
er in the United States to control the tide of
events, we aro drifting slowly back into the
Union on the basis of the Constitutional
Amendment, and we will only cease to occu
py our anomalous position when wc are rep
resented in Congress by men who can take
the test oath, and when our State offices are
filled by men who have never violated an ex
press oath of allegiance to tbe United States.”
8outh Carolina was the first State to go
ont of the Union; we hope she may not be the
first to go back to it branded with dishonor.
Wc should prefer to be taxed without repre
sentation for a century, rather than purchase
the privilege at such a cost.
fc?"lt is said that James Gordon Bennett,
Jr., is to many a daughter of General John
A. Dix.
MADRAS VS. AMERICA,
A Handbook to cotton cultivation, exhib
iting contents of public records in a con
densed form," in accordance with tbe reso
lution of the Government of India, by J.
Talboys Wheeler, resident in India.
New York, Virtue & Yorston, 12 Dey st.,
1866. 240 pp
An important, well-printed and very inter
esting book, giving, as it docs, the history of
cotton culture in India, ever since the begin
ning of this century, the various difficulties
that interfere with the growth, and the re
sults of all experiments made to improve the
culture of cotton and to introduce foreign
cotton into India.
The book owes its origin to a resolution of
tlic Governor-General, in July 1861, tliat one
gentleman should bo appointed in each of the
Indian Presidencies to analyze tlie contents
of the various public records connected with
the improvement and extension of. the culti
vation of cotton, in his particular Province,
and to publish the results in such a form as
might prove useful as a Guide or Handbook
to persons interested in the subject. And
the result, in thi3 instance, is a work full of
valuable information.
From the book we gather four general con
clusions : 1st American cotton can be grown,
but the profit is questionable—for the follow
ing reasons: The cultivation is more difficult
than the cultivation of the native cotton, the
separation of the seed from the staple more
expensive, the crop is uncertain, the staple
is not in use amongst tbe native spinners, the
market for it is doubtful and distant and the
seed is supposed to be unfit for cattle.
2nd. Indian Cotton may lie improved but
only to a degree, for the soil and climate of
India will never produce a reliable and per
manent crop of cottoa, equal to the New Or
leans variety.
3rd. American Cotton must always com
mand a higher price than the Indian Cotton.
New Orleans cotton is undoubtedly better
than any yet produced in Indio, and a pound
of New Orleans cotton makes more yarn, and,
from the length of the staple, can be twisted
much more rapidly into yarn, than a pound
of Indian cotton.
4th. The demand for Indian Cotton must
always depend upon the supply of American
cotton. This follows from the previous pro
positions, because the manufacturer will al
ways prefer New Orleans to Indian cotton,
and will buy the latter only when the former
is scarce and too highly priced.
The position of Indian cotton, in the
English market is thus a strictly subsidiary
one; and it is more useful to tbe manufac
turer in keeping down the price of New Or
leans cotton, than as an article to be employ
ed in the manufacture of goods. The im
portation of Indian cotton into England
checks the tendency of New Orleans cotton
to rise in price; but until the Indian cotton
can be laid down in Liverpool at such
price, and iq such quantities, os to render
tho culture of American cotton a loss to the
planter, American cotton .will hold its own,
The general conclusion at which we arrive is,
that it is impossible for any other country in
the world to compete with us in the produc
tion of cotton. The book is very valuable
and interesting, and we are sorry that we
have no room for further remarks or extracts-
This is a remarkable book, and one that
should interest the cotton planters of the
United States; for it is a history of the
cotton culture of India, and shows the result
of all the experiments to introduce foreign
cotton into that country. > It contains a vast
amount of information concerning the culture
*5<
8 o
S’®
o Sv .
§p»
© - C
Weekly con
sumption and
export to Sept. 6,
At present rate
of consumption
each would Inst
l’cr ccntage of
tho stock of each
kind
Per contago of
Weekly con
sumption and
export of each
kind
22,843
14.34
26.29
37
25,700
29,86
61,59
41.58
175
73,43
1,03
0,28
7,679
11,46
7,06
12,42
3,676
8,25
2.44
5.95
1,711
11,58
1,59
2,77
61.784
20,16
100
100
American 23,008
East India. 21,572
ChinaJL'Jai.an 02
Rrazil 7,104
Esryptian and
Smyrna 4.034
West India... 1.631
Total 58,532
Our correspondent adds the following re-
Liarks, for which he is alone responsible:
“The above tables are taken from the Liv
erpool Cotton Brokers’ Circular, of the 21st
of June and 6th of September. They show a
decrease in eleven weeks in the supply of
442,630 bales, of which 196,880 were Ameri
can. The stock of AmericaR cotton has been
steadily reduced, and as the consumption re
mains very near 23,000 bales weekly, and the
shipments from this side continue small, the
reduction may be expected to continue until
near the 1st of December. The supply of
American would last about fourteen weeks,
or to the 15tli of December will be some
where near the shipments from the United
States from the 1st of September to the 1st of
December, thirteen weeks, or from 125,000 to
150,000 bales. By the middle of October the
stock should not. be far from 200,000 bales,
and then, when the cotton in the hands ot
banks, and those who believe in a crop of
two millions and over bales, is disposed of,
some advance in price may reasonably be ex
pected.
The following table shows the growth of
each State in 1850 and 1860.
CROP OF COTTON.
1SG0—5,387,053 bales of 400 pounds, or 2,154,-
820,800 pounds.
1850—2,445,793 bales.
I860.
Mississippi 1,202,506
Alabama 989,955
Louisiana 777,738
Georgia 701,840
Texas 431,463
Arkausas 367,393
South Carolina 353,413
Tennessee 293,464
North Carolina 445,514
Florida 65.153
Missouri 41,188
Virginia 12,727
Illinois 1,432
Utah 13«
Kansas. 61
New Mexico 19
1850.
484,292
564,429
178,737
499,091
58,072
65,344
300,901
194,533
40,545
45,13*
3,947
5,387,052 2,445,793
Bales of 400 pounds.
The annexed statement is of high value in
indicating the influence of an early or late
season on the amount of the crop. It is
copied, from a New York cotton circular:
The following table shows the dates of
bloom and frost, the length of season between
bloom and frost, and the crop for each year
from 1837 to I860. The average length of
seasons was 4 months and 21 days, and it will
be seen that the amount of the crop was great
ly dependent on the length of tbe season, the
only exception being in 1855, v/hen, although
the season was 11 days longer than the aver
age, the crop was reduced by heavy storms
in September.
of common sense knows these things; then we upset our boat, thu- netting the waterout
l-.-t us hear Uss ot relief an.I distress that of it. We then in ag..:n. r.n.Helt com-
would follow should the Legislature fail to paratively comfortable, but still suffering for
repudiate or do something else equally as the want of food and water. Wc then rigged
i.njust. I have old claims, contracted pi e- two masts out of pieces of the wreck, and
virus to the war, but I shall sue no man this made sails out of the covering of the life-
winter, where lie has done his duty—wheth- j preservers. Wc then beaded east-north-east
er he pays the fourth of his indebtedness or j At 8 o’clock we fell in with the third mate,
riot—and I think that is the sentiment of j with nine men in another life-boat, who gave
every man; but I want men to know that
there are laws in the land to compel them to
do their duty, when they act unfairly. I am
surprise*! to see so many men want to hold on
to large bodies of land, and remain in debt,
lor there is nothing so depressing to a man’s
spirits as to be in debt. Small farms, with
plenty of guano and good farming imple
ments, are much more profitable, with less
risk and more satisfaction. * * * *
Justice.
THE "EVENING STAR.
Particulars of the Great Disaster.
Two Days in an Open Boat With
out Food or Water.
STATEMENT OF IF. U. HARRIS, A
PASSENGER.
Tear. Bloom.
. L I Amount
Frost [Lcmjth of Season. Crop.
1837
1838
1839
1810
1841
1812
IKI-t
1844."..".... June li
1845 May 31
1846 May 30
1847 June 10
1818 May 29
Oct. 1414 months 10 days! 1,419,000
Oct. 2715 months 20 days 1,817,000
"-I months23 day.- *
1849 | Juno
Nov. 7 5 months 13 day?
Oct. 17|4 months 11 days
iOcL 15 4 months Sday.s
17 Nor. 15 months 14 days
(let. 15 4 months 3 days
Oct. 305 months
Nov. 35 months 3 days
Nov. 1|4 months 21 days
Nov.. 27 5 months 28 days
Nov. 205 monthslO days
1850 Jnne 15 Nov. 315 months 18 days
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
18*7
1858
1859
1860.
June 27 Oct. 26^4 months
Juno 15 Dec. 10 5 months 25 days
Jane 24 Dec. 515 months 11 days
Juno 6Oct. 283 months20days
June 11 Nov. 135 months 2 days
June 14 Oct. 254 months 11 days
June 19 Oct. 1>3 months 12 days
Juno 23 Nov. 204 months2T days
Juno 2 Nov. 85 months 6 days
May 29Oct. 90:5 months 4 days
1,385,000
2.179,000
1,620,000
1,683.000
2,379,000
2,029,000
2,394,000
2,100,000
1,778,000
2,347,000
2,728,000
2,096,000
2.355,000
3.015,000
3,262,000
2,930,000
2,847,000
3,527,000
2,939,000
3,113,000
3,851,000
4,675,000
of cotton in Indio, with all of which South
erners ought to be familiar.
Relief must Come from Our
selves.
Wo find the following sensible communi
cation from on “intelligent planter” of Wash
ington county, in the Augusta Chronicle:
Worthen’s Store, Ga.
Messrs. Editors:—Some men, in order to
make themselves popular, and to catch repu
diation votes, are calling for a State Conven
tion to give relief to those in debt I thought
we had given a quietus to repudiation—but
not so. It comes up now with the plea of
relief. Tho best and surest way to get relief
is for every able-bodied man to go to work
at something; and, by industry, each and
every family will be relieved. Debts can be
paid very fast with the present high prices
ot farming products, and most men can pay
one-fourth their indebtedness this winter,
even with one-third of a cotton crop; and,
where they cannot, and have done the best
they could, they will not be sued. Any man
who sues in such cases ought to be punished
in some way. A Convention would do no
good, for it could not pay the debts without
money, and would have no power to make
any law impairing private contracts. The
Stay Law was the best and wisest arrange
ment that could hare been made, and I hope
the Legislature, soon to convene, will continue
it without any changes, and request the peo
ple to be lenient and indulgent with each
other, and compound liberally. Many debts
should be reduced heavily. The people have
lost their slaves, and much of other property,
and every creditor should feel willing to
give up a part of their claims; but these
things should bo by mutual consent of the
parties. This Relief Convention would not
be of general benefit to the soldiers, as they
were generally poor men or in medium cir-
cunjstances, who, as a general thing, never
went in debt more than they could pay in
one or two years with moderate luck. It
would not benefit the large land owners; for
those of them who are in debt have, since the
surrender, generally transferred or smuggled
their property, so that no creditor will ever
»et anything out of them. The old law al-
ows a sufficient exemption of property for
any family to live comlortably on. Every man
each of us a handful of crackers; but, unfor
tunately, our throats were so parched with
the long thirst, and by drinking sea water,
we were unable to swallow this food. The
two boats then parted company, wc taking a
more northerly direction than the other. At
5 o’clock, on the 5tli, we fell in with the Nor
wegian bark Fleetwing, from Balizc, Hondu
ras, for Liverpool, who took us on board.—
Here we remained thirty-three hours. On
the 6th spoke schooner J. Waring, Capt.
Frank Smith, from New York for Apala
chicola, Florida. This vessel having suffered
in the gale and got crippled, she put into
i’ Savannah for repairs. While we were on
board the Waring the captain and crew did
all in their power to relieve our wants, even
The Vessel Helpless at the Be- 1 ,^ their own discomfort. While we were
x floating in the lifeboat, a young woman, about
ginning of the Storm. i 18 years of age. caught hold with us and
clung on for several hours. She held on
Terrible Condition and Sufferings of the j vvbile we were capsized three times, but kept
1 growing weaker. At last we were turned
over again, and she was lost. We all got
very much exhausted, nnd could scarcely hold
on to the boat; Mr. Allen lie ame very weak,
and would have been lost but for assistance
given him. We were all bruised more or less,
and the salt water made our wounds very
painful.
Capt. Knapp did his duty faithfully and
manfully throughout, doing nil in his power
to save his ship, and when lie found there was
no hope, contributed much to preserving
order among the passengers and crew. He
floated for some tune, but while clinging to
one of the lifeboats he was struck on the head
by a piece of timber and killed.
A Union Man who was Neither a Tory
nor a Slanderer.
In tbe U. S. District Court at Charleston
some days ago, Judge George S. Bryan, in
response to the Grand Jury, whose present
ments contained a commendable exhortation
to loyalty to the Constitution and the Union,
is K-ported in the Charleston papers to have
said:
Judge Bryan made bis acknowledgments to
tbe Grand Jury for tbe very faithful manner
in which they had discharged their duty,
and for their considerate and discriminating
report on the matters of business brought to
their attention by the court. He welcomed
their expressions of loyalty to the country,
and confided in the good faith and sincerity
with which they were made. lie believed
they not only represented their own senti
ments, but reflected faithfully the sentiments
of the State of which they were tiie true ex
ponent. He believed that the State was pre
pared in good taith to become once more a
faithful member of the Union, and to identi
fy her hopes and aspirations with its prosper
ity and renown.
It was known to the Jury that he had dif
fered profoyndlyand radically with the State,
and from youth to manhood, through the
whole of his life, his whole course had been
au unbroken and emphatic protest against a
policy which he believed to be against the
civilization of the age, aud to be attended
with inevitable defeat and ruin, which was
now around us and upon us.
He bad never concealed his convictions,
but had sacrificed everything to their main
tenance. Entertained with the truthfulness
and depth of his own convictions, he would
have been an unfaithful son to his State and
false to her and to his country if he had pro
fessed what he did not feel, and suppressed
the opinions which he did entertain. He be
lieved the State grievously in error, but her
errors were those of conviction held by
people, however erring, still true, devoted and
heroic, incapable ot playing the part of insin
cerity. With the deepest and profoundest
earnestness, and with liis whole heart, he re
ciprocated tlic prayer of the Grand Jury for
the restoration of tbe Union in reality and
truth, of duty and privilege, of service and
fruition, when with united mind nnd resources
we shall move forward in the realization of
our proper destiny, leading the vanguard of
civilization, and taking rank as the first na
tion of the world; governing this continent,
and exerting our proper influence upon tlic
elder nations of Christendom.
The Court would take great pleasure in
forwarding their excellent and patriotic Pre
sentment to the authorities at Washington.
FROM MEXICO.
Attempt to Capture the City of Mutnmo-
ras.
New York, Oct. 17.—Brownsville, Texas,
advices to the 24th ot September, gives an
account of an attempt made to capture the
city of Matamoras by the American corps
under command of Gen. Ford, assisted by
the gunboat Chinaco. Capt. B. S. Osborn. The
object was to release Gen. Tania, the legally
appointed Governor of' Tamaulipas,-prisoner
in the hands of Gen. Canales, the usurping
commander and pretending Governor. The
troops were to seize the treasury and pay
themselves. The command consisted of
about one hundred and seventy-Gva Ameri
cans and thirty Mexicans, we'l armed, and
the reinforcemants from citizens anti Texan
volunteer! swelled the force to three hundred
thu whole supported by the gunboat Chin.v
co, mounting a twelve-pound rifle piece and
a smooth bore howirar. The gunboat had
no crew except the itx*n detailed to work the
guns. Though Captain Osborn deemed the
vessel totally unfit for active service he con
sented to act with the party.
The attempt was unsuccessful, but at last
accounts it was about to be renewed.
Death of Jin. Van Bcren.—New York,
Oct. 16.—The Commercial says of Mr. Van
Buren, he was returning from a tour in Scot
land, whither he has been for the benefit of
his health, which for sometime past has been
visibly declining. During his tour he caught
a severe cold, which caused inflammation of
the kidneys, and when he came on board the
Scotia he was very ill. He at once retired to
his state-room, where he remained until
Wednesday morning, when he got up and
tvalked about the deck, contrary to the ad
vice of his medical advisors. Retiring to
his state room, Mr. Van Buren was seized,
with acute inflammation of the kidneys, and
liis sufferings at this time were intense. Dur
ing this time he talked incessantly, but inco
herently, chiefly on political affairs. On Sat
urday morning he commenced to sink visi
bly, and his daughter and niece, with Capt
Judkins, of the Scotia, were summoned
to his state-room. They, with Drs. Brice
and Crane, remained with him nearly the
whole day, and about 11 o’clock, p. m., wlfen
the vessel was off Cape Race, Jlr. Van Buren
expired.
The mail steamship Evening Star, Capt.
Knapp, sailed from New York, September
29, at 8 o’clock, p. m. On the morning of
the 2d of October it began-to blow very hard,
and continued to increase gradually until the
morning of the 8d, when it blew a perfect
hurricane. At this time we were one hund-
dred and eighty miles cast of Tybec Islands.
After weathering the storm for fourteen
hours she foundered at daylight on the morn-
of the 8d, with two hundred and seventy-
five souls on board, only sixteen of whom
were saved. I will endeavor to relate tlio de
tails of the calamity as far as I can*of my
own knowledge. *
About 5 o’clock on the morning of tlfe 2d
it began ,to blow very hard. I stood in the
doorway of what was called the “social hall,”
which is a little room at the head of the
stairway leading to the main suloom.—
This saloon was filled with ladies
at this time. At C o’clock the vessel
commenced to ship such heavy seas that the
floor of the hall was covered with water, and
made it very disagreeable for the ladies to
remain there. I went down into tlic dining
room and laid down, but found that the
water had come in through the deck aud wet
all the cushions. She was then leaking over
all the deck. At 11:30 o’clock all hands were
called on deck to bail Jwatcr out of the engine
room, the seas haring washed down over the
vessel and into the room. A party of men
went forward and succeeded in getting the
water all out of there. A break was then
discovered in the pantry or steward’s room,
and all hands went to bailing there. At the
same time she broke away her bulwarks on
her starboard side. The damage here was
speedily repaired, in a manner sufficiently
strong to keep out the water for a time. At
12 o’clock the vessel became unmanageable,
from losing the use of the rudder. At 2
o’clock we commenced cutting a hole in the
deck for the purpose of baling tlic water out
of the hold. Wc took out sufficient freight
to enable us to look in, but found but a tew
inches of water. However, by the time we
were ready to bail it had gained considerably
in depth. Wc all set to work bailing, and
worked as long as we could, the women labor
ing as hard as the men. They would pass
the empty buckets, while the men carried
the full ones. They worked quietly in all that
terrible storm. We had some trouble
with tlic Frenchmen of the Opera Troupe, in
consequence of their not being able to un
derstand English. However, they did their
best, and worked willingly when they un
derstood what to do. At 2 o'clock the men
were all tired out with hard wofk, and, as
the water continued to gain upon us, we gave
up all as lost. The water at this time "was
six feet deep in the whole, aud the ship was
rolling about in the tempest like a log, the
waves breaking over her in quick succ jssicn.
However, all was done that could be done,
and as darkness came on, most of the passen
gers went below. At 5 o’clock next morning
I went on deck, nnd the sight that there met
my gaze can never be erased from my memo
ry. At daylight on looking around, I found
the ship, sure enough, a total wreck, and the
sight one to make the stoutest heart quail.—
The whole of the paddle boxes bad been car
ried away, nothing but tbe fans’being left.
The pilot house was gone, and the guards
also. The sea was running mountains high,
the spray blowing about like rain, and the
wind rushing through the rigging nnd about
the dismantled ship.’ The hurricane was now
at its height. I forgot to mention that the
engine stopped working at 2 o’clock in the
morning in consequence of the breaking of
the stcampipe, and the fires being put out.
The donkey engine was therefore useless.—
At daylight the Captain told the
women * that nothing more could- be
done, and that if any ot them wanted to get
into the boats they could do so. lie tben
went away, and I did not see him again.—
Jlr. Allen, the purser, then came with the
ladies out of the cabin. A11 those who could
get life-preservers had them “and they were
very few. He placed them in a boat, but she
no sooner touched the water than she cap
sized, and all were washed away. The ship
all this time was filling fast; I stood by some
hatches, intending to hold on to them along
with several women, when we thipped a heavy
sea forward of tho wlicelliouse on the star
board side and went down. In an instant
the sea swept mo clear of the deck, and
carried me down some twenty-five feet I
thought. When I came to thcsurface I found
myself in the midst of the wreck of the ves
sel, surrounded by floating spars and drift
wood. Jlcn and women were floating all
about, clinging to anything they could lay
hold of. All shouts for aid were drowned by
the fury of the buricanc. I secured a piece
of the wreck with which to support myself,
but I had to abandon this owing to the dang
er I was in of being struck by pieces of the
flying wreck, which were being uarled about
in all directions by the wind and
the waves. I then got hold of a piece
of the fragments of the saloon, upon which I
pulled myself, but was thrown off again and
again by the violence of the waves, in each
new effort to regain my position, lacerating
my hands and limbs-on the nails and splin
ters in the pieces of wreck. In this way I
clung to life for two or three hours. While
drifting about in this way I could see the
whole of the wreck as it lay before me. I
saw the hurricane deck, two hundred feet long,
crowded with human beings, herded together.
Some of these were standing, and some sit
ting, all helpless and despairing. I now
drifted near a life-boat, keel up, for which I
abandoned my piece of wreck and swam.
Others were clinging to it, whom I assisted to
right it. When I succeeded in getting in
with the other I recognized the l’urser°JIr.
Allen. There were now ten of us, but after"
this we were frequently upset, each time los
ing one or more of our number, again adding
to them by picking up others. Helpless to
manage the boat, which was filled with water
and drifting at the mercy of the sea, we parsed
and repassed the wreck during the day.—
Towards evening we lost sight of it. We
had now been sitting in the water all day
long, and when night came on we began to
feel the want of food and water, but we bad
neither. Just after dark, I picked up a tur
nip, of which we each took a bite, and this
was all we ate during the day. Wc were now
so dry that some drank sea water, which
made them very flighty, while others drank
their own urine, which answered much bet
ter. The morning of the fourth was verv
fine, so we determined to get the
water out of our boat. At daylight we came
up to one of the wrecked, who was floating
on a piece of the cabin, and had an oar with §3^“The New Oi anlj i ■ -j 1(
which to guide his craft. We got alongside death of Samuel 1: DdJ.-r
and put some of the mdn on it. after which ncrchaift of that ciij
Street Railroads in Charleston.—
Ground was broken on the Charleston Street
Railroad on Jfonday. The Courier says the
Road will start from the Exchange (or old
post office,) its down-town terminus, and
pass up Broad to Jleeting, up Meeting to
Calhoun, up Calhoun to . King and
through King to Shepherd srreet,
its up-town terminus. There will be
double track along the entire dis
tance. Besides the main route, there will be
branch road diverging from the double-
track at the corner of Jleeting and Went
worth streets, and proceeding through Went
worth and Rutledge streets to Rutledge Ave
nue, and thence to the corner of Spring
street. The branch road will consist of but
a single track. By the 1st of January, the
road will be completed, and in full opera
tion.