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i. REfll & fio.,]
A Family Journal for the Dissemination of General Intelligence, Miscellany, Agricultural, Commercial, Political and Religious Information.
[PROPRIETORS
MACON, GA., MONDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1866.
IVOL. 2, NO. 3
.•BLEttBAlfcH
HISHING HOUSE.
, iV A. Rtt® &Ca, Proprietor*.
[s. Botkin
» ar ' i [nlTOBI.
rrt0 , ol Subscription :
.vnKi-v Teutaiurnt 1 $1 00 per
, Trix-nurn : $12 00 per annum.
■;»B 1* H I NT I X o:
, lf a,ti't)tInn will be giVcn to the
. job PRINTING of every dwerip-
_,Tb« Co.--
tbe death
Vlvertiser records
M il, of Looia Joseph David,
:,, n .rv deacon of the diocese of
us. ,::i,KK,x
& No’ITII Af.ABAkx
Wc are p'eased to learn from a
1 with Col. R. A. Crawford ,l»res.
'f. sh0Te Road, that though they
Reived the aid asked of the State
'''^ 3 fooA condition and the work
a , #n ,i A considejable portion bo
[ ; to distant day.
c smtrman's Mission, as Vikwed
• jaox Times.—Tlio London (Sun-
Nor. IS, aaya:
. ’Sherman has boon sent on an cx-
-y mission to Mexico. Everybody
.. *hat he is going to do there.—
’ l be but little mystery about this
Ths United SUtes mean to drive
i tbaFrench troops, but Maximilian
; t of Mexico, and to lend all the
;, kv can give to the Government of
Tiiis may be very impudent on the
(America, "sml very tidal to the pros-
• tjciico, but there is. in our day, no-
' m w reckless enough to give a do-
.y," to American dictation.”
(u Cosfkuesce.—On tho last day of
. .n of this Conference, Emory and
Foale College, bv vole, were declared
ijj. othei institutions to be turned
:'.c Conference in which they may be
jt i'irocate was continuod the organ of
no Conferences.
lias against the late Georgia Confer-
presented to the North or South
-4t aferetice according to tho location
, *:> >:> bidding them.
of the old Conference were or-
f i:: raUy divided between the two,
janic each were appointed by tho
.. nci aa elecUo A oould be hold,
it rrasc in membership daring tbs
» UN lay, and 19 white, and 20 col-
. iol poachers.
N rth Georgia Conference for 1807
,* VI I in Atlanta; the South Georgia
■are at Savannah.
appointments for 1807 has come
- acJ will appear to morrow.
8mH.ulko.vds.—We fear the Legis
•'jKJtniug radical on this subject. It
■ :> losing a due care for the credit of
'. and pressing forward recklessly
'•abject of internal improvement
'-ick, in ot r judgment, is of the least
tot to the pcoplo of the State at tho
ntiae. There is a screw loose some
u»d the considerate men at Milledge-
wsid do well to examine carefully the
'■* before they run it to destruction.
Ai. Line Railroad, connecting Atlan-
i Anderson, S. C.; a railroad from
• to Tliomaston, and another from
•*. through Dawson and Albany to
-vl Point on the Atlantic & Gulf Road,
p rectieei’, a vote of aid from one or
•••of the two Houses. It looks as if
•idutureoesired to make war upon all
■bug railroads in the State, and we
- Governor will be able to check a
-*t must prove injurious both to ex-
•ionls and the public credit. There
*‘1 all flings.
■.•'M KEPUHUcIn~CAUCUj8-THE
AJ® BE held as a subjugated
’ISOE-HHiTOltED PROPER TV TOBfc.
osCATED and sold.
^ws. Dec, 5.—The caucus of Ue-
5 tacmliers of Congress held at the
to* evening, was unusually large,
'* hundred members being present.
»ing measures were reported from
committee, and agreed upon:
bypass a bill regulating the organ!*
‘•'the Rouse, directing the clerk to
h M oes on the roll from States not
' *•»the preceding Congress, or dc-
to representation, and pro-
■ h*t so electoral vote ahall be counted
' J, -Uc not represented at that time
' To pw a bill remedying the de-
[V* which may provent any Slate
'Vie voles for electors of President
indent.
. . a law changing the time of
' of Congress, with a view to as-
the 4th ot March.
To raise a special committee for
•’uvatigatlou of the New Orleans
•^btrof lives lost and the property
Nto what extent Government of*
r _' deluded therein; the committee
to send for persons and pn-
le companied by tho Seargeant-nt-
“THE FUTURE OF THE COUNTRY.” } Our
The admirable article which we copy from i
the Cincinnati Enquirer will not fail to arrest !
the attention of the reader. It is unanswer- j Principal Features of the Radical Programme—
The Principles of this Programme Ratified by a
Washington Correspondence,
LETTER FROM “WARWICK."
able in its logic, and powerful in its demon
stration of the political fallacies that arc hur
rying the country to destruction. It boldly
maintains the doctrine of secession, or tho
abstract, practical, natural right, which is
Radical Caucus—Christian spirit in the Observ
ance ol Thanksgiving at the North—The Presi
dent’s Message—Bon. Garrett Davis—Price ol
Good Living at the Capital.
Washington, Bcc. 2,1860.
The radical members of Congress feel so confl-
above all other rights, of ,a people to throw dent of their power, that they affect no conceal-
off a government whenever it shall become, °>em as regards their nlterior purposes. They
in their judgment, destructive to their inter- them-
cats and welfare. The writer maintains it L e . TW ,n the powfcs of Government, to treat the
both as a sound doctrine in politics, and aau (rn southern State* as territories,’ to confiscate
as esmpared with last winter, it maybe mentioned
that Willard’s Hotel advertises to furnish meals at
i their (obit <T holt, for $10.50 per week, the price
’ last winter being at all hotels, $>750 p;r week lor
meals alone. When it is remembered tin.' Wil
lard’s is the crack hotel of the city, and that tlieir
table is equal to that ol the Continental *r Fifth
'Avenue, the above charge is very modcrat •. Good
rooms can be had, all over the city, at from $ 20 to
$10 per month: so that a person can live hero this
winter, enjoying every luxury, for lrom $6i to too
per month r and a gentleman and lady at lrvoi $1-5
to $150 per month. This is much cheap, r than
first-class accommodations can be obtsmeq either
in New Yoik Or Philadelphia. ,
Warwick.
settled principle of American law—one which,
in spite ot tho theories of demagogues, no
public man of character, and no State of the 1
Roman, North or South, will dare seriously to
controvert Even New England maintained
it when she called together the Hartford Con
vention, and would assert it to-morrow were
her interests the victim of Federal legisla
tion.
There arc other points discusssd in this
very able article’that cannot engage too much
of the serious attention of tho Northern peo
ple. That Anglo Saxon heart and muscle
will long submit to tyranny from any source,
much less a run-mad Radical minority, is a
natural impossibility. The Inalienable rights
of man will bo .asserted, and, what is more,
they will be maintained. Let tbo Radicals
go on with their scheme ot tyranny; the
more galling the oppression the sooner will
come the day of deliverance.
After all, this war upon the South, this ef
fort to curtail her power and keep her in
chains, when sifted down to its real essence,
will be found to be composed of but two ele
ments—the natural envy and hate of the Yan
kee character, and apprehension of the over
throw of that viie. unequal, plundering gov
ernmental policy known as the Protective Sys
tem, that robs the South and West to enrich
the East, that makes the tillers of the soil
hewers of wood and drawers of water ” tq
the manufacturing monopolists. The South
has long felt the galling of the yoke—when
will the West awake to a realization of the
fact that she too is in chains?
CHARACTERISTIC 8PEECH FROM TOAD.
STEVENS.
The following are the remarks of TUad
Stevens at the Congressional Banquet, as
given ini the Northern papers:
Hon. Thad. Stevens, ot Pennsylvania, re
sponded, but could not be clearly heard. He
attacked the President with vigor, declaring
that having been elevated into power through
an unexpected event visited upon the nation
for its sins, he now wished to be king instead
of President. [Hisses.] Mr. Stevens said
the war was not over. Its main and final
object was pursued by the enemy with relent
less energy. The object had at first been to
rule over at least half the country as a nation
of slaves, to introduce free trade and to hu
miliate the North for its persistent advocacy
of freedom. Tho object now was to rule the
whole nation by means of an oligarchy, rank
ing negroes and copperheads contribute to
the increased power of the South through
the increase of the number of its votes. !o
seize the reiaa of government, to introduce
tree trade, and to break down the modesty of
the free people of tho North. During the
war Jeff. Davis was commander-in-chief ot
the rebel army, with Lee as his chief adviser.
N->vr, Andrew Jolmson was their commandcr-
in chief, sad poor old Wool was their chief
marshal adviser, and for tho navy they had
Semmes and Welles. [Laughter.] The
people were to decide now whether they
were to have Andrew Johnson as President
or as King, for they were told they had no
other choice lett.” [Laughter. He wanted
the encouragement of the soldiers. The en
emy had the vantage ground, having posses
sion of the White House, and was dispens
ing with a corrupt hand the vast patronage
ot the nation, and yet he had no fears. T he
army consisted of citizens as well as soldiers.
It had a few mercenary officers like she
Stccdmans, the Dixes, and the Wools: but
if the Government were to older Grant, or
Howard, or Farragut to do its treacherous
work they would break their swords rather
than obey. With Sheridan for a leader, and
23 or 50,000 colored soldiers, they mii’ht
defy Andrew Johnson and ail who might
follow liis lead. But if tbo time should ever
conic when the conspirators would muster
audacity equal to tlieir ambition, and, as
once happened in England, attempt to turn
tho regular army against the people, Con
gress would not have" to rely on the Southern
freedracn alone. The men of the loyal North
would spring to their feet and unshesth their
weapons, as when theyjhcard the first boom
ing cannon of Sumpter.
Let Congress be bold, and the soldiers of
the lost war would take care of the next, and
the usurper who leads tho hostile forces
would have time and leisure to revi'e his
boasted proclamation in one of the embra
sures of Fortress Monroe. fChcers.] The
usurper’s bead would rest much more quietly,
to be sure, on a lap-board anti goose than
w lien oppressed with a crown. [Laughter.]
Vi it li less than impartial suffrage, the South
witli his consent, should never lie recon
structed. He would not be content with
such a puerile work as universal amnesty and
universal suffrage.
Houston Female College.—We call es
pecial attention to the advertisement ot the
Houston Female College, in another column.
We can highly recommend this college, ow
ing to the excellence of the society of Perry,
the salubrity of the climate, and the ability
and faithfulness of the instructors.
This is not a denominational institution.
The terms of tuition are moderate, and the
range cf study includes oil those branches of
. - . . . . , knowledge usually taught to young ladies.
i'X tb^Ct cointw to ; Boartl 5a the village enn l»e hail cheap in the
, proceedings under the lias
'•^tionof direct taxes in the rebel
^**izure and sale of nbni.Joned
t lands, and other pr> perty.
taji ^“uuiltfr: on Pensions to in-
i,. * n J pensioners in the disloyal
' *• lrom the pension rolls, have
,in violation law.
'Peeial committee to investi-
connected wit;: the release ol
| ^ ** Union soldiers in South
l s*t ttbflrtfltiora
most respectable private families.
Communications maybe addre-.-ed to Rev.
N. A. Bailey, Perry, Ga.
pais-ed .immimondy that
the caucus bind themselves
* propositions ns party mcas-
Bkunswick Firm.—We invite public at
tention to the card «>f G. C. Norton &Co.,
Real E>tatc and Insurance Agents, Bruns
wick Ga. The head of the house is a gentle
man of first-class business qualifications and
in all respects reliable. He lms long been
identified with the struggling fortunes of
Brumwick, and is thoroughly informed in all
matters appertaining to that section of the
State. As Brunswick is about to take on a
new life, wo recommend the firm of Mr. Nor
ton to all whose eves are turned in that
direction.
the lands ot a targe class oftbe Southern people,
and totranslcr the executive powers of the Gov
ernment from the President of the United States
o the President of the Senate. The Chronicle of
Friday morning contained the manifesto of the
Radical members on this subject, in the shape of
a long editorial article, that would fill five columns
of the Telegraph. It U supposed to have been
written either by Gen. Butler or Gen. Banks, and
it certainly hears all the marks of Puritan intol-
eranre. It calls upon Congress to recognize the
Union ns consisting of the twenty-six Northern
Suites alone, and to declare the Constitutional Amend
ment ratified by ttu votes oj tuo-Mrds of these turenty-
tix States It calls upon the Romp Coegress to
pass a law (without the President’s signature ol
course) providing that the ratifications already
made shall be handed over to the President of the
Senate, with all sub>cquint ratifications; and that
all the duties heretofore imposed upon the Secretary of
Stats shall be tramfertd to the President of the Sen
ate! All the radical members ol Congress now
here, cordirlly endorse these atrocious sentiments,
and many ot them exultingly exclaim, “ tint's
the way to talk.” On Saturday evening a secret
caucus of the Radical members was held, and the
opinion wts universal that the Fortieth Ccngresa
ought to assemble on the 5th of March, and re
main In session all summer, in order to pass these
and other measures ot a similar character. The un
savory Schenk, ot Ohio, was prominent in urging
this course.
The new President of the Senate, to succeed
Mr. Foster, will be elected before the end of Feb
ruary. He will be either Charles Sumner, Mr
Pomeroy, of Kunaaa, Ben Wade or Chandler.
Thanksgiving Day, as it wss observed here
and all over the North, was a blaapheraous meck-
ery. Tho pulpiU here, except thoae of the Epis-
coptl and Catholic churches, teemed with the
grossest misrepresentations of the South, and the
vilest ahuae of the Southern States and the South
ern people. I aend yon reports of aorne of
these sermons, but I notice that in these printed
reports what the preacher did say has been
much softened dawn. Yet you will find it hor
rible enough. Horrible, I say; for it certainly
i* horrible to see the professedministers of Christ,
not content with the wrongs and outrages which
they have caused to be inflicted upon the South,
■till fomenting hard feelings between the North
and the South, and still tearing open tho wounds
th’.t were beginning to heaL 8urely these men
have no hearts. No doubt they sat down aner
wards to tables loaded with every delicacy,
without a thought of the thousands of their
brothers in Christ at the South whose little chil.
dren, it may be, are crying to them in vain ersn
for bread. Can God listen to prayers put up
from such hard and atony hearts? Two-thirds
of the puritanical people of tho North kept their
thanksgiving in that spirit rand then, on the
next morning, read in their papers with exult-
ing joy that the Radical members of Cougress
were determined to pass measures which should
render the President entirely powerless ; which
should permanently exclude the South from
Congress; which should treattheSouthern States
as territories; and which should thus doom the
Southern people to years of want and misery.
It is the prevalence of this spirit all over the
North, of which new evidence reaches me every
day, that causes me to despond of the immediate
future of the republic. I cannot doubt, in the
light of what I have carefully observed for the
la«t sixteen years, that the present^ state of
things, the present exclusion of the tea Southern
SUtes from Congress, is exactly what the Repub
lican party and ite leaders have been striving
nd working for ever ainee 1854. A large ma
jority of the people of the North were unwilling
to support the war measure* of Mr. Lincoln’s
administration. Bnt they were solemnly assured
that It was “a war for the Union," “a war to
restore the Union," and deceived by thia assu-
. they reluctantly gave their support to the
war. The little band of northern men, who from
first to last refused to be deceived, from first to
last refined to gupport the war, and were in con
sequence stigmatised as “Southern sympathi-
» mn ,l *< traitors,” warned their fellow-citi-
sens that the war against the South was simply
the culmination of those measure* which the re
publican party bad been urging on ever since
its organization, and that Ita object was, not to
restore the Union but to prevent the Union from
ever being restored; to conquer and subjugate
the Southern States, and to reduce the latter to
the oondition of territories.
Eighteen months have now elapsed since tho
close of the war, and the correctness of these
views aro manifest. Not only is the Union not
restored but there is nothing to indicate that it
ever will be; while It is certain that it will not
be so long as tho Republican party remains in
power.
Tho greater part of the President’s Mestsge
was written and printed a week ago. The mes
sage was kept open, however, until yesterday, in
ordor that the latest facts in regard to our rela-
tipns with Franco and England might be em
braced in it
Sealed copies of the message, I am Informed,
were placed In the hands ot the agent of the As
sociated Press here, fordUtribulion to the press in
distant citlea, so that it can be published as soon as
It Is delivered to Congress. Thu latest additions
will be very brief, and will be telegraphed.
Congress will assemble on Monday. Possibly
there will be a quorum of both Houses present,
TIic Genius, Character anti Organ
izntion of the Confederate Army.
From on interesting anil spirited article in
the September Crescent Monthly, by J. Quit
man Moore, of Mississippi, we make the fol
lowing extracts, treating ot the genius, char
acter and general organization of the late
Confederate army:
Tho army of the late “ Confederate States
of America” (the glorious name of that bright
meteor power, now quenched, that shook its
radiant splendors on the flaming crest of
Mars!) was an eclectic oreicerpted system
from the high military models of Austria,
Prussia, France and the United States. It
was a beautiful and complete model of thor
ough scientific organization, full of interest
and instruction to those who wish to learn
how to make war terrible and destructive,
and, above all things else, that sprang trom
the master hand, that directing and all-in
forming mind that stood at the head of the
Southern revolution, attested its command
ing genius. From Austria was taken the ad
infrable organization of the grand field staff
from Prussia the firm and compact general
military anatomy, and from France the model
of its field ordnance and scientific artillery
theory and practice; and from the United
States tactical economy, its inlantry equip
ment and dri'l, its army regulations, and its
theory of military manoeuvre and stragetic
practice. West Point confronted West Point,
and accounts in great measure for that phe
nomenon so inexplicable to the criticism of
the foreign lookers-on—great battles fought,
with no marked or decisive results attained.
General Leo and his adversaries made the
same moves on the hostile field tliat they
learned to make on tho chess-board of the
common parent academy. Jackson alone re
pudiated West Point, studied Frederick and
Napoleon, and, as a consequence, achieved
more brilliant results, in a brief career of
twenty months, than the whole array of emi
nent commanders, Federal and Confederate,
combined, accomplished in four years of war.
The organization of the Confederate army
was a finisher! piece of military mechanism,
methodical, harmonious, composite in all per
taining to its exterior, practical arrangement;
hut there wac a fatal defect in its interior,
vital economy—a morbid organic derange
ment—tliat defeated every hope ot healthy
bodily action, preyed upon tho scat of life,
and caused its ultimate dlssolnticaft “that
disease was the absence of discipline. If it
had possessed this one important quality, the
battle of Sharpsburg would have declared
the independence of the South. Gen. Lee
crossed over into Maryland, a fortnight before
the happening of that battle, with 80,000
troops; bnt on that field he could only put
his hand on 35,000 of that number. Not that
this more than moiety of his army had will
fully deserted tlieir colors, hut allured from
their command by the protuse hoqntality ot
the people of Maryland, they lingend behind
the advancing t rray, thinking to rejoin it in
time to share its laurels.
Such conduct the systems of Frederick and
Napoleon pronounced desertion, aid inflexi
bly punished with death. The great body
of the rank and file of the Soutlem army
was composed of a social clement that, in the
armies of other countries, is seen.oaly in po
sitions of command and authority; and the
officers elected from among thcnselves, and
often their social and intellectual inferiors,
left matters of authority and subordination to
take care of themselves, while their only care
was io make their reports correspond from
day to day; and grave delinquencies were
connived at in the same way that college stu
dents deem it a badge of dishonor to act the
part of informer against their associates.—
Under such a general relaxation of authority,
discipline was impossible: and the Southern
army was nothing more than an association
of patriotic gentlemen, animated by the en
thusiasm of a common cause, and regarding
army regulations and discipline ns drsigned
only for a race of staves. When once in bat
tle, they fought with a dash, spirit, resolution
and desperation of valor such as has never
been excelled by any soldiery in the world,
ancieht or modern. ’ In the European sense of
the word, there was no such thing known to
the Confederate army as discipline. The
punishment of desertion by death was the
exception, mtlier than the rule; and the hand
of the Commander in-chief was weakened just
in proportion as the severity of the discipline
was relaxed. Jackson was tho only general
officer in the Confederate service who applied
the rigid discipline of the European armies to
tliat under his own command; and in pro
portion to its nuinbers.and in view of the brief
period within which its splendid operations
wqre performed, no army in the world ever
accomplished such brilliant results. His se
vere discipline held his troops firm, close,
compact, in hand, and when he struck, it was
with a fall strength of his arm, and victory
was the result. Bragg made some ineffectual
attempts to discipline the Army of the West;
but the Southern blood was too high to bend
to wliat it conceived to be degradation, and
could not then realize that it was better than
the eternal degradation that followed.
The inlantry service of the Confederate
army was the finest body ot light-foot, bar
ring the discipline, the world ever saw. It
possessed all the tenacity in line et the Aus
trians, alt the confidence in column, boldness
in attack, and cool self-possession in deteat, of
tho British, and all the daring intrepidity and
fenrlcss dash of the French Corps d' Afrique ;
while the deliberateness nnd precision with
Tlie English refer with just pride nnd en
thusiastic "praise to the solid tenacity nnd
stubborn courage of tha British Infantry at
the battle of Inkermcn, where 8,000 British
light-loot held in check and finally repulsed
15.000 Russian Inlantry; but it cannot com
pare with the brilliant and spirited Infantry
charges of Ewell’s and Longstreet’s corps up
on tho fortified position of the enemy at Get
tysburg, on the evening of the second day’s
battle, where the Southern Infantry moved
to tho assault under a withering artillery tire,
and swept before it three heavy lines of bat
tle. And nothing is so forcibly illustrative
of that high intelligence that was the distin
guishing characterise of the Southern army,
as the tact that it saw and felt, before the at
tack was made that the assault of the third
must prove a failure.
Tho cavalry branch of the Confederate
army was, strictly speaking, only a part of
its infantry army, clothed with equestrian
powers and offices. It was only a body ol
mounted infantry, that, as advanced videttes
and daring scouts, formed the cars and eyes
of that army that never was but once taken
by surprise. Tho mounted force of the Con
federate army resembled the Russian Cossack,
whose office is to harrass and threaten, not
to attack; and as guerrillas, they became
renowned as the famous knights ol’ the Cid.
Ashby, and Stuart, and Forrest, and Hamp
ton, and Mosby. and Fitz Lee recall the mem
ories of Villars and Fitz James—of Tancred
and Alva—never of Rupert and Murat.
But the essential pride aud glory of the
Southern army, particularly of .that portion
of it that was known as the “Army of North
ern Virginia,” was its matchless artillery arm.
The world might have been confidently chal
lenged to produce such a splendid army of
high intelligence, practical skill and disci
plined valor as was centered in that renown
ed artillery corps that was wielded by that
eminent patriot chief, Msj.-Gen. Willia,m H.
Pendleton. As a body it was composed of
the very pride and flower of the Southern
chivalry, and fully attested its lofty claims t >
distinction on all those bloody fields, stretch
ing from Manassas to Petersburg; and it is
the especial glory of the famous Washington
Artillery to have first wreathed the Confed
erate banner with the smoke of its guns on
the field of Bull Run, and boomed the last
hostile defiance on mournful Appomattox.
Walton, Walker and Long; Poague, Castor
and Haskell; Pegram, McIntosh and Nelson
are names that will ever be honored in the
proud pantheon of Southern heroism and de
votion, and will live as long as the fame of
the immortal struggle which tlioy so brilliant
ly signalized by their own lofty endeavor.
The original organization of the Confeder
ate artillery was into companies attached to
its infantry brigade, aud subject to the orders
of the brigadier; but it was soon discovered
that commanders of brigades, the great ma
jority of whom were from tho walks of civil
life, were not the class of officers to give the
artillery arm that power and effectiveness of
which, under skillful scientific direction, it
was so eminently susceptible. Therefore, be
fore the opening of the spring campaign of
1868, a regular artillery and ordnance staff
was organized in the army qf Northern Vir
ginia, with Pendleton at its head. Battalions
were formed, numbering from sixteen to
twenty guns each, and operation in the field
with its respective infantry division, and each
under tiie immediate command of its own
artillery chief, who had been assigned or
promoted to it by reason of his distinguish
ed fitness and qualification, as indicated by
former tests of high excellence in the
practice of the field. And under the direc
tion ot this able corps of artillery officers, the
grand Southern field park, both mounted and
horse, proudly asserted its claim to a place in
the very front rank of the artillery armament
of the world. Pelham’s and McGregor’s fa
mous cavalry batteries, that operated with
the dashing troops of Stuart, won a distinc
tion second not even to the celebrity of the
famous flying artillery of Austria.
For the first two years of tlie war, the field
metal of the Confederate park was greatly
interior to that of the enemy. The battles of
Bull Run, Manassas and the Seven Pines were
fought with • six-pounder puns, twclvc-
pouuder howitzers, and a few three-inch
rifles; and it was not until the battle of
Chaneellorsville that the Confederate artil
lery armament was ot sufficient heavy metal
to cope successfully with the formidable Fed
eral field artillery. By capture and foreign
purchase, the artillery of the army of North
era Virginia was strengthened by a full field
compliment of ten and twenty-pounder Par
rotts, the twelve-pounder Napoleon gun how
itzer, and a few Whitworth and Armstrong
rifles; but the twenty-pounder Parrotts and
the twelve-pounder Napoleons were the
weapons with which tlie Confederate artil
lery chiefly won their bloody trophies and
wrote such a brilliant chapter in the records
of high artillery performance. In nothing
was tlie Southern artillery inferior to that of
the Federal, save in the matter of ammuni
tion; in every particular it was decidedly
superior, as attested on every field where
the two armies were brought in direct
collision.
The army of the United States, whether
regarded in the light of its scientific theory
or practical arrangement, stands conspicu
ously among the very highest models of mod
ern military organization. It stood confess
edly high even before the opening of the late
bloody drama, and has since added the fruits
of a large and profitable practical experience
to itaformer high theoretical institutes, mak
ing it a complete and finished specimen of
scientific military arrangement, and can be
studied to eminent advantage by all the mod
ern war bureaus thnt wish to profit by the
experienced results of novel military formu
laries and appliances.
pT-Tbe Mobile Tribune has an interesting
description of a magnificent punch bowlutnv
ou exhibition, which is to be the prize for
two year olds at the ensuing fall and spring
meetings on the Magnolia Course. The bowl
is 10 1-2 inches high and 17 inches in diame
ter, and is valued at $1500. Tho chasing
represents the famous racer Lexi gton and
his rider. The wliolo design was made at
Tiflany’s, New York.
The Western Union Telegraph Com
pany has just opened a new line to California
via Denver City, Bridget’s Pass and the over
land stnse route. This line is in addition to
the old line via Fort Laranaie and the South
Pass. The Western Union Company have
also opened a new line between Salt Lake
City and Montana.
Charleston Auction Sales,—The nt-
[From the Cincinnati Enquirer. |
Tlio Future of tlie Country.
When the people ot one political society
nrc under the dominion ot those of another,
the more extravagant the claims of the lat
ter, and the more preposterous tho doctrine?
set up tojustify its policy, the better for the
former; and this upon the principle that the
greater the falsehood, the more signal will
be its overthrow. The true doctrine is that
the people of one political society have not
by nature, and can not acquire by the force
of circumstances, the right, not to say to
rule tlio.-e of another, but to establish any
inequality, in law or in administration, be
tween the others and themselves; and any
privation or diminution cf the influence of a
part in the common polity, is an act of in
justice which no lapse of time, or pretense of
superiority, can sanctify or confirm.
There can be no such thing as a political
finnlity—a fixed condition—until all that
savors of inequality is done away. To cs-
tablisti injustice is to plant the seeds of rev
olutions. The original confederate cantons
of Switzerland tried the experiment, and
conquered and held, and claimed the right
to bold, adjacent provinces in subjection.—
But, in the course of time, tho people of
Switzerland learned better: and the incon
venience of the unsound practice led them
through many troubles end conflicts, finally
to an acceptance and comprehension of the
true principle.
There is not a State in this Union whose
people will, with any unanimity, subscribe to
the doctrine that they have not, under ccr-
tainjeasily imaginable circumstances,tho right
to secede. Congress, in the exercise of pow
ers which it is generally admitted to possess,
may so legislate, by laws in terms general, as
to prostrato the material interests of States
and sections, and effectually prevent their
people trom keeping pace with those of other
States and sections, in progress, accumulation
and comfort. It is a very easy thing—it is,
indeed, a thing which requires great care and
disinterestedness to prevent—so to arrange
the financial machinery of the Government as
to discourage and render unproductive the
industry of one section or State, while it pro
tects and encourages that of another. Here
is the question : suppose such a thing should
occur; suppose that neither petition, nor tes
timony, nor local agitation proved of any
avail, is there a single rational man who will
not, making the case his own, decide that it
is, not to say the right, but the duty of the
people of that State or section to withdrawn
from a political copartnership from which
nothing bnt injury and oppression inures ?
Call it secession ; call it revolution; call it
wliat you please, for names are of little im
portance; that man is little better than a
born idiot who has become so confused and
besotted as not to sec that such a right
must exist, and that the institution,
whatever it may be, which proposes
to extinguish it, is invalid and despotic.
Suppose the extremest form of oppression
consistent with a literal generality in the
law; suppose tlie utter prostration of indus
try, and the absolute impoverishment of the
people; and if the right to secede exits in
that cuie, it exist.- in other c -es, end as
there is no tribunal to which the question
cun be brought for arbitrament, it follows
that the people of the oppressed State or
section are the sole judges of their own
rights and interests in the matter.
In other words, the question whether a
State should remain in the Union, is the sim
ple naked question whether tho people of
such State believe it to be for their interest to
remain. It never was any other question than
this; it never can be any other. Mr. Web
ster, in one of his great speeches upon the
Constitution, admitted that had there been
words otjperpetuity in that instrument, they
would have made no difference; that the
natural rights of men to protect themselves
and their own interests are paramount to
laws and caropacta; and Mr. Dana, in his
recent party annotations to Wheaton’s Ele
ments of International Law, illogically at
tempts to establish a distinction between se
cession and revolution; and while he denies
the right of the first does not deny “ the
right of any part of the Nation to appeal to
force against a Government, whenever a case
justifying such a course shall arise.”
There is not a single State in the Union
whose people can afford—if the tiling were
possible—to concede nway, we will not call
it the right of secession, nor the right of rev
olution, but will use tho phraseology of Mr.
Dana, and call it *’ the right of any part of
the nation toj tppdai Jto "force agninst a Gov
ernment, whenever a case justifying such a
course shall arise.” Tlie people of the State
of Ohio can not afford to concede it away.
It is a fundamental right; aright which un
derlies all their other rights and liberties.
Without it, call their institutions by what
engaging title they may, they are not a free
people. They do not possess that without
which no people can be free; the ultimate
right of self protection—tho right to control
tlieir own destiny. They can not afford to
obscure it or to see it denied. The right of
any part of the nation to appeal to force
against a Government whenever a case justi
fying such a course may arise, is the great
conservative principle of our form of Gov
ernment. It is that which, rightly under
stood and acted upon, makes the Union
st ong and harmonious. It is the principle
which makes it the supremo law of legisla
tive action so to legislate os that the Govern
ment shall rest equally upon every part nnd
section; the principle wjich, had it been
observed in its true spirit, would liavo pre
vented all past, as its future observance will
all future secession.
The people of New England may have
been mistaken in respect to their interests,
bnt they made no mistake as to tlieir rights,
when they elected delegates to attend the
8ectssion Convention at Hartford in 1814.—
In the light of the adverse effect of the legis
lation of Congress upon certain branches of
their industry, they had no difficulty in dis
covering the right of any part of the Nation
to appeal to force agninst a Government,
whenever a case justifying such a course Shall
arise. It is only the shallow portion of their ] charleston. The Charleston people think
own politicians, and the shallower imitators . efty a whale, l>ut t-avunmiii is no sar
of that shallow portion in other sections, j dine.—Sor. a<!v.
therefore every effort to subject them to pun
ishment as such will not only fail, but will
react upon those who seek todo the injustice.
The people of the South cannot afford to dis
band their States, in order to comply with
Radical theories of Southern demerit. This
would be asking rather too much. They
cannot afford to disband their States in
order to get rid of the,doctrine which
sanctions “the right of any part of the Na-.
tionto appeal to force against a Government,
whenever a case justifying such a course shall
naise.” Nor would the disbanding of tho
States be the extinguishment of the light.—
The rigi.t ot revolution—the right of a peo
ple to abolish their government at will, and
supply its place by another—is not limited
by metes aud bounds; nor is it era*ed by
statutes, Constitutional clauses, or the cant
about thesacrednessof National unity.
’Te find it itnpoEs'blc, therefore, to look
upon either the ratification of tho Co ^stitu-
tional Amendment, or its non-ratification, as
a finality. Its ratification would simply be
the institutionalization of an injustice, to ho
gotten rid of by succeeding generations and.
revolutions. Its non-ratification would be
followed by s::w invention, probably more
cunning and less wise. Until fanaticism has
run its course, and demonstrated its lolly in
a manner whiqh the people by whom it is
uplioldcn sensibly feel, there is little hope
for the esttblishment of that equality be
tween all persons and sections, without
which government is a farce and politics a
delusion.
- .. .■ W^ - ■<»«]
RAYMOND IN THE RADICAL CAUCUS.
It seems tliat the “Little Villian” dropped
in at tlie Radical caucus at Washington,
Wednesday nltrht, where he was put through
“a counso of sprouts” in manner nnd form as
follows :
Mr. Ashby, of Ohio, said that he noticed
present a gentleman who had drawn up the
address of the Philadelphia Convention, and
asked if he was a member of the Union-par
ty, and had any right there.
' Mr. Morrell, of Vermont, replied amid
laughter, that while the lamp holds out to
burn, the vilest sinner may return.
Mr. Raymond, on being asked whether he
did not participate in the Philadelphia Con
vention. replied that he did, but not in any
spirit of hostility to the Union party; that
he entered the Convention to strengthen that
party, thinking it should be more conserva
tive than it was, but when he found it likely
to lead to the defeat of the Union party lie
abandoned it. and had ever since done his
best to maintain and support that party.—
He also said that he approved ot the meas
ures reported hero this evening.
Mr. Schofield moved that the gentleman he
allowed to remain in the caucus or not, at his
option, and to judge for himself whether ho
was a member of the Union party or not.
Mr. Lawrence, of Ohio, asked Mr. Ray
mond whether he adhered io the doctrine
ot the Philadelphia address, particularly
to tbe clause which said that the rebel States
could not ratify the Constitutional Amend
ment without dishonor.
Mr. Raymond was understood to deny that
there was -neb a clause in it. Kij adhered
to that address accoading to his'own con
struction of it, but not according to the con
struction sometimes put upon it by others.
Mr. Stevens could not see how Mr. Raymond
could pretend to have any connection with
the Union party after a membership in the
Philadelphia Convention, nnd his authorship
of the addreess*put forth by that liod'v.—
Darling and Hall, of New York, and Gar
field, of Ohio, favored Mr. Raymond's re
maining in the caucus, while Morris, of Ohio,
and Cook, of Ill., were against it. Mr, Ray
mond made further explanations in regard
to the Philadelphia address, when the caucus
adopted Schofield’s resolution by a vote of
66 against 25.
Terrible Accident on the Memphis &
Charleston Railroad.—TVcare indebted to
the Chattanooga Union for the following ac
count of a terrible accident on the Memphis
& Charleston Railroad, on Wednesday:
On Wednesday morning a bridge on tbe
Memphis & Charleston Railroad, between
Bear Creek and Tuscumbia, Alabama, was
carried off by a freshet caused by the heavy
rains in the early part of the week. This
accident delayed a” large number of trains at
Tuscumbia, ancl also at Burnsville. Miss., the
former being westward and the latter east
ward bound. On Thursday, about dark, the
repairs on the bridge being completed; the
trains were started according to order, and
when a mile and a half east of Burnsville, at
about 7 o’clock, a freight train collided.with
the passenger going cast. The scene that
ensued is described .is being terrible. Th*
night being cfold, all the stoves in the cars ’
were red hot. Tlie colll-ion threw both en
gines off the track, smashing up tbe express
and baggage cars, nnd setting tire to them.
The conductor of the train is reported to
have both legs broken. .Mr. Thos. C. .Tones,
the baggagernaster, a negro man fin ployed
as helper, the expre.-s messenger, Mr. Henry
Slayton, four or five railroad hands, and, it
is feared, several of the passengers, were
burned up in the cars which took tire. We
have no certainty as to the ladies, ) at there-
seems to be no doubt that others Lave met
with a terrible late. In consequence of the
wires between here nnd Huntsville being
down, we have nothing further than the
above, but wo shall endeavor to Obtain more
particulars ta-day.
Exfotits of Cotton From Savannah
and Charleston.—The Charleston News,
congratulates its readers on the improved
prosperity of that port, and cites as an ex
ample, that from the commencement of the
present commercial year to the BBth of No
vember, a period of t’ureu mouths, 39.004
bales of cotton have been shipped to foreign
and coastwise ports.
The exports from Savannah fbi the same
time amount to 800 bales of Sen Island nnd
54,184 bales Upland, making a total of 55,-
083 baks, or more than 40 per ceut. above
who, in order to get rid of this doctrine,
which their own antecedents have made dis
tasteful, arc trying to prepare the public
mind for the work of consolidation. New
England is the last section of this Union
whore interests would be benefited by con
solidation. Consolidation means a new
shutlle and deal in the matter of representa
tion, and the State of Rhode Island, with its
United States Senator to
, • . „ j , thousand of her population, would not take f
tention ol up-country merchants is ca t I delight in being placed numerically upon the I
the large auction sale of Sugar, Molasses, j wm „ ] eve i with 2s'ew York, with a Senator
Wines, Liquors, Fruits, Tobacco, Cigars, Ac., I to each two millions of hers.
A-e advertised to take place in Charleston.! There an- more unpleasant consequences
Tuesday next, by Henry Cobia & Co. 1 to grow out of the doctrine .that the houtli-
pi?’" A good story is told of the late Father
Mullen, of New Orlean*. General Boiler once
sent for him tQ bury an Irish Roman Catho
lic, then in Yankee unitoim. liis alacrity in
coming surprised Butler, who expected con-
tumsclousness. So he said: “ How is it,
Fattier Mullen, you come to bury, a dead
each eighty-five Yankee ?” He replied: “ That, Ui u. ml, is a
rite I will periorm for all of you with plea
sure.”
but in that case they will hare to arrive by tho which it delivered ita deadly rifle fire, infiict-
trains to-day, as there is certainly not a quorum in ^ j n g nearly a double loss on tbe enemy in al-
town now. According to present appearances, . UJ0S t every engagement, attested its vast su-
Congress will do nothing more on Monday than go j periority over that of tho enemy. The Con-
tUrough the form of organization. The message j federate skirmishers were the terror of the
will probably he sect in at one, p. m., on Tnes- Federal army; and in all combined rnove-
d v i ments in tin open field, and with numbers
Among tbe members who are already here, I alwaya inferior to the enemy, the Southern in-
notii e th it veteran Senator, Hon. Garrett Davis, ot ’ h‘ nlr y never tailed to win the field. This
Kentucky The congressional career of Mr. Davis superiority proceeded not from the greater
Kentucky. <- * . . bravery ot the Confederate troops, but from
extends back many years. ’ their greater combined skill and intelligence,
and almost tbe sole survivor, o no ° flowing from tliat larger latitude given to in-
statesmen, embracing Webster, Clay and Ca ioun, jjyjduai action. Without their officers to
who ntver faltered in their devotion to tlie eaure g U ifl u nnt f direct them, the Federal troops
of the Sontli, and therefore in their devotion to the were little better than an armed mob. Tho
Constitution. Mr Davis is in excellent health nnd Confederate troops acted generally as well
spirit?, and bears bis years well. Daring the last without as with their officers, whose superi-
long session, be took an active part in the debates ority was only the temporary distinction of
ol the Senate, and always with credit to bimselt rank. There were men in the ranks of the
and liis State': »nd he L ready to do the same now. Southern army who could have supplied tbe
His term expires with this session, but it is to be places of their general olficcra. Gen. Roger ' crei ij t-
hopiil that lie will be re-elected. There is no one A. Pryor, after gallantly serving his country j
In Kent u.wv who can do that State better service as commander of a brigade, tendered his re- i £3?” The Emptess of Mexico is recovering x . . _ , - „
— — signation, and fought to the end ol the war She drinks milk, embroiders, says her prayers, whom a talre doctrine is attempted to bo un- Emma was the ^property of Mr. I ctti-c. and
'7 T r-nthri.. not arrived in the capacity of a gallant private ot the fm- smokes cigarettes, ssd !■ becoming tranquil posed, or the people attempting to impose it. was highly prizes by that gentleman, $13,000
H A* an indication of the cheapness of living here, mous Ninth Virginia Cavalry. ‘ In her mind, and sane. The peoplo of the South are not traitors, and having been refused for her on ouo occasion.
par- It appears that there are some Repub-
That Meteoric Shower,—It may inter
est those who are unwilling to wait thirty-
three years to sec a shower of meteors, ii>
know that Gibers, the astronomer, supposes
the real period of their return to be thirty
four years, and thnt the display fsi 1799. re-
ern peuplt-.by having appealed to force against
the Government, are traitors, than will inure
Means decent enough to be ashamed ofBut- [ *«£ ^S^iinma causeof’ag“ peat* in 1833, will appear ,n 1867.
ler. for he was a long way behind Ins ticket. , ^gas it b upfio. and a -, e P i!
This should at ca? h. pu n o lt ' lr ; conten t c d ivith their political condition are Death of a Famous Trotter.—Lady
' for the interest of all; and it is hard to tell Emma, the famous trotting marc, died on
which will suffer the most—the people upon Thursday morning from paralysis. Ladv
i *i * i- numiiDitte Hit eolleaxms, signation, and fought to the end ol the war She drinks milk, embroiders, says her prayers, whom a talso doctrine is attempted to bo im- Etnma was the property ot 1
in the Senate, than Gamtt Uav!?. uis co s , r. • . * 1. ^0^1 posed, or the people attempting to impose it. was highly prized by that gent
