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MACON, GA., FRIDAY, AUGUST 30, 1867.
{VOL. II.---.N0. 30
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JOB PRINTING.
♦sf* Particular attention will bo given to the
xetntlon or JOB PRINTING of eTcry descrip
tion.
Treatment of Prisoners.—The facts arc
fast leaking out, and the truth of history is
about to be vindicated. Bee the artioje
from tiro Baltimore Gazette, on this page,
Thanks to the Radicals for giving the South
an opportunity for placing licrsclf right be
fore the world and exposing those who are
in the wrong. '
A SMAsn-Ur.—Our Savannah dispatch
notices a serious' accident on the Central
Road to the descending train Wednesday
night, by breaking through a defective cul
vert. Though the damage to.the company
was considerable, it is fortunate that none of
the large number of passengers were s.-nously
hurt. We regret that an exception is to be
made in tho case of our attentive friend, the
Express Messenger, who was the only serious
sufferer. _ _____
^"General Pope’s letter to General Grant,
recommending the expatriation of his politi
cal opponents, carries us .back, 6ays a Virgin
ia Reconstruction paper, to the days of“let-
tresdc cachet” in France. The National In
telligencer compares Popo to Genghis Khan.
Pope’s A«wfquarters arc still evidently in the
saddle. _
jyThc first bale of new cotton was re
ceived at Eufaula on Thursday last. It was
from the plantation of Capt. A Griffith, in
the vicinity of Glennvillc, and classod strict
middling. It was stored.
A Strikino Case of Pro and Con.—On
the 30th of May last Col Shepherd, then in
command of the post at Mobile, suppressed
the publication of a Radical paper in that
city called the Nationalist, because it con
tained an article calculated if not intended
to Incite the public to riot and violence.
This act of Col. Shepherd was rescinded by
Gen. Pope, In a Gcnoral Order bearing date
June 8, from which we extract as follows:
II. It is the duty of the military author!
ties in this district to secure to the people
the utmost freedom of speech and of the
press consistent with law; not to restrict
either. No satisfactory execution of the late
acts of Congress is practicable unless this
freedom is secured and its exercise protected
by the usual legal means.
III. No officer or soldier fix this command
will hereafter interfere with newspapers or
speakers on any pretonso wbntever.
And yet by Order and' letter of August of
the same year, this “utmost freedom of
speech and of the press” is practically illus
trated by making it penal to give an official
advertisement to a Conservative paper, and a
recommendation that tho Conservative lead
ers be banished from the country!
J
The Negro Juror Order.—The follow
ing is the text of tb e Order from Headquarters,
Third Military District, referred to in our
telegram of yesterday:
Headquarters, 3d Military District,
(Georgia, Alabama & Florida,)
Atlanta, Ga., August 10,1807.
General Orders, No. 53.
Grand and Petit Jurors and all other
Jurors for the trial,of cases civil or criminal,
or tor the administration oflaw in the States
of Georgia, Alabama and Florida, will here
after be taken exclusively from tho Jisfs <jf
voters, without discrimination registered by
Boards of Registration under the Acts of
Congress of the United States, known as tho
Reconstruction Acts. ti * . ■
Sheriffs and all other officers whose duty it
is to summon and empannel Jurors, will rc-
2 hire each Juror to make oath that ho is
uly registered as above indicated, specify
ing. precinct and county in which he was
registered, which affidavit will be placed on
the official files of the Court.
By command of Brevet Major General
p °pc. G. K. Sanderson,
Capt. 33d U. S. Inft’y, A. A. A. G.
EP~Tbe following .appears in the Atlanta
Kew Era without credit. It is hardly nec
tary for us to express the belief that it.con-
, tains not a word of truth, except, perhaps,
that General Grant will answer Gen. Pope’s
letter:
_ -4 Very Significant Item—Reply to General
rvpe't Letter.—Washington, August 18.—
tjen. Grant, it is understood, will reply to
Gen. Pope’s letter, Wherein complaint is made
that ex-rebel Senator llill, of Ga., is making
f pcecLcs against tlic Reconstruction Act, nd-
Pang his arrest, and all others who may lie,
tntho opinion of tho District Commander,
abstracting tho working of the Reconstruc
ts Act.
Gen. Grant, some time since, advised the
wrest of Governor Jenkins, on precisely siini-
w ground.
The Tribune’s Washington dispatch of the
on this point:
The letter of Gen. Pope to Gen. Grant has
occasioned a good deal of comment here, nnd
R is generally believed the latter officer will
nmertbcnrreBt of B. H. Hill and other dis-
oontented persons. Under the Rccnnstrac-
lonbili he has a perfect right to do so. It
will be remembered that some time ago Gen.
”r*ot counseled the arrest of Gov. Jenkins
■or doing exactly what Hill is now guilty of.
!', ls ’act strengthens the opinion that Grant
. J >c t in Hill’s case as he advised Pope to do
J o Jcnkin’s.
KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY.
This is one of the greatest institutions of
learning in the Great West, if not in the
United States, and offers] superior induce
ments to the young beginner or tbe student
further advanced. A short sketch of the
University may not be inappropriate.
The plan of establishing a University in
the full nn l true sense of that word, was first
conceived by Mr. John B. Bowman, a fanner
of Mercer County, Ky., in the year 1855, who
abandoning - his agricultural labors, resolved
to devote his life to the upbuilding of an in
stitution that should be especially accessible
to tbe poor youug men of the country.
Though Mr. Bowman gavo his untiring ef
forts to the work, yet it was not until Sep
tember, 1859, that the firat College of the
University—the College of Arts—was opened
at Harrodsburg, under the Presidency of Mr
R. 'Milligan, assisted by a corps of able pro
fessors.
Failing to obtain the site of the United
States Military Asylum, at the famous Har
rodsburg Springs, the question of removal
then became mooted. The claims of Lexing
ton were finally recognized as paramount, and
tbe Curators of the Kentucky University hav
ing obtained the grounds and buildings of
Transylvania University, at Lexington, tho
Kentucky University was opened in that city
in October, 18G5.
In the year I860, Mr. Bowman succeeded
in purchasing for the permanent site of the
Kentucky University, with its various Col
leges, “Ashland,” tho Homestead of Hennr
Clay, and tho adjoining estate of “Wood
lands,” which extends vritbin the limits ofthe
city of Lexington. This is now the seat of
the Agricultural nnd Mechanical College of
the University.
The University embraces several Colleges,
each under tho immediate government of its
own Faculty and Presidents; though the
whole University is under the supervision of
a Regent, who is. elected from amoDg urn
Curators, and whose duty it is to see that the
general laws and statutes of the University
are faithfully executed.
Each College is divided into several schools
or departments of study, and each school is
under the immediate government and in
struction of a competent Professor, assisted,
when necessary, by subordinate instructors
and tutors.
The Colleges of the University arc sever
ally styled: 1. The College of Science, Lit
erature and Arts. 2. The Agricultural and
Mechanical College of Kentucky. 8. The
College of tho Bible, 4. The Normal Col
lege. 5. Tbe College of Law. 0. The Col
lege of Medicine. .
While the course of study and instruction
in each College is full and complete, yet the
WHY OUR COUNTRY IS NOT UNITED
AND AT PEACE.
four first named above arc so associated that
a student regularly matriculated in any one
of them may have the benefit of instruction
in the others without additional charge for i j ftW3 f or impartial suffrage—on as high
Tho continued division of the American
people, the long protracted interruption ol
their political, social and commercial rela
tiona, is beginning to be a subject of sober
thought and most anxious enquiry. Especially
is this the case at the North, where any con
dition of things that affects injuriously the
public welfare is opt to arouse an enquiry in
to its nature and the remedy to be applied
In the matter of disunion they have not ex
ercised their wonted sagacity and devotion
to interest, the passions of the hour having
overcome, for a time, even the potent cod
sidcrations of gain. There is a waking up
at last, however, and the sober, reflecting
men among them arc beginning to ask them
selves why it is that the producer and the
manufacturer of cotton are still apart—why
the Southern merchant is seldom seen in
New York, Boston and Philadelphia—why
Northern manufacturers should pine for the
want of consumers for their fabrics—why
thirty-five millions of people arc governed
exclusively by representatives of two-thirds
their number—why strife .and ill-will still
inflame the bosoms of the two sections long
after actual war has ceased, and when the
hatched should have been buried and tho
cause of quarrel ignored and forgotten. ?
Why is all- this ? Wo hope the people of
the North, whose minds have been blinded to
the truth so long, will push the enquiry and
demand a satisfactory answer from their lead
ers. We propose to throw out a few facts
that will put-them on tlic proper line in tlieir
search alter truth.
Why,, then, we ask, has the Union not been
long since reconstructed, and .why arc our
people not dwelling in peace and harmony ?
Is the South at fault? We assert without
hesitation that she is not, and appeal to the
record of the last two years. What has she
not done that she ought to have done? She
has laid down the arms of rebellion, and in
good faith accepted all the legitimate results
ofthe war. She has renewed her allegiance to
the Constitution and tho Union, and pledged
herself to uphold the one and stand by the otli
cr. She hns repealed her ordinances of seces
sion and declared them null and void. She
has yielded the right of the States to secede
from the Federal compact and pledged her
self never to attempt it in future. She has
abolished slavery by her own local constitu
tions and declared it shall never be revived
within her borders. She has repudiated the
Confederate debt and all debts of the States
incurred for the prosecution of the late war.
She has given her former slaves every civil
right enjoyed by ber white people and passed
laws for their complete protection in the full
enjoyment of their lives, their liberties and
their property; and as regards political privi
leges she is to-day willing to put them on the
same footing with her white population by
Homicide in Stewart.—A letter to this
from a subscriber in Stewart county,
under date of the 19th instant, says: "Avery
serious affair transpired near this place to-
day. John Park, who moved up here last
” from Florida, killed Thomas Everett,
11 youbg man about 17 years of age. Park
accused Everett of taking the part of afreed-
unm Who had formerly belonged to young
verett s father, with whom Park had had
T *'° blow was struck on I he
SSSSAjS killing the ybung man
tuition.
The several Colleges, thus associated, fur
nish the most liberal provisions for educa
tion, whether collegiate or professional, gen
eral or special; and that, too, without the
expense and embarrassments that would re
sult from a duplication of professorships. If
a young man desires to pursue a classical
course exclusively, he can do so and receive a
certificate of graduation for the same. If he
desires to devote himself to science or arts, to
receive a good commercial and business edu
cation, to graduate as a civil engineer, or to
study mining or any other specialty, he will
enjoy tho like facilities without additional
expense.
Should a student dqsire to reduce the ordi
nary expenses of board and tuition, tbe Ag
ricultural College presents to him the oppor
tunity for laboring, at a reasonable compen
sation, on tho College farm^whilo he is re
ceiving thorough instruction in the Sciences
and English Literature, This union of study
and labor is not only thus economical, but
also conservative of health and good morals.
The Agricultural and' Mechanical College
also embraces a thorough course of instruc
tion in military tactics, which is made valua
ble as a means of physical dcvelopement as
well as of collegiate discipline.
In view of the wants of good preparatoiy
schools, the Curators have established an
Academy, connected with the University, and
which is well provided with competent nnd
efficient instructors. Candidates for admis
sion to the Academy must, be at least ten
years of age, and pass a satisfactory examin
ation in reading, spelling, the elements of
ground as they have heretofore been placed
in any of tho States of the North, and that
notwithstanding the superior enlightenment
ofthe race in that section of the Union. All
this the South has done, and her whole peo
ple, tired of strife, are sincerely anx
ious to bury cveiy cause of difference,
and, as a band of brothers, once more join
tho people of tho North in a grand rally
around the old flag, nnd with renewed, bon
cst devotion to the Union of our common
fathers. E’ ery word of this is true, and the
interested p artisans at the North who would
keep the truth from the minds of the people
and instil the poison of lies in its place, de
clare what they know to be false.
Such is the temper, the disposition, and
the honest purpose of the people ofthe South,
What is it then, that keeps us apart, the
country ren' with evil passions, and every
branch of industry suffering and going to de
cay ? Thei:; ia but one thing, and that is the
condition prescribed and-insisted on by tbe
Radical party that the Union shall be recon
structed only in such way as shall continue
them in power. This is the only obstacle.—
And the plan prescribed is one that the Sout^i
cannot accept without dishonor, the oven
throw . ot the government as framed
by the fathers, nnd the utter aban
donment not only of liberty but of
every valuable interest at home. No such
conditions were ever before imposed upon a
Christian people. They are wholly unneces
sary’ for the security of any public interest,
and we cannot.accept them without a sense
of degradation, and the sacrifice of every
thing that we hold most dear. There is not
The Treasonable Speech.
WHAT A NORTHERN MAN BAYS ABOUT IT.
The State has been thrown into commo
tion, and its cherished University deprived of
its annuity of $8,000 from the Treasury by
military order, all on account of a commence
ment speech by a “Junior” boy. What was
that speech? No “rebel” testimony can
answer this question; we therefore present to
our readers the views of a Northern man, a
Black Republican aad f correspondent of a
Radical New York paper, who was present
and heard it from the beginning to the
close. “Quondam,” of the Now York Times,
thus writes to that joirnal from Athens,
under date of August 12th:
On Tuesday, the j .^-ior exhibition took
place. A number of young men delivered
original addresses on subjects of their own
selection, and displayed, besides rhetorical
finish nnd elegance of gesture and manner,
considerable research, just appreciation of
men and things, and remarkable power of
language. Some excitement was caused by
the speech of one of these gentlemen, Mr.
Cox, of LaGrange, Troup county, who had
chosen for his subject “The Vital Principles
of Nations.” Some parts of the speech ex
posing the evils of .sectionalism, and the
paramount necessity to obey the law, were;
mistaken by some of the hot-headed boys for
the most decided anti-reconstruction, no
convention opinions, and were vociferously
applauded.
When Mr. Hill, one of the Trustees, who
formerly resided at LaGrange, shook hands
with Mr. Cox at the conclusion of his speech,
the applause was renewed, as it was thought
that the author of the “Notes on the Situa
tion” was embracing a disciple. The speech,
1 can assure you, would hare been anoffensite-
hj Union speech to the States Rights school of ten
gears ago. Its two leading thoughts were,
first, tho necessity of broad nationality as op
posed to sectionalism; and second, that obedi
ence to law is indispensable to a nation’s wel
fare. I do not believe when he wrote liis
address he had an idea of tho Situation or the
Notes, or of the Notes upon the Notes, and that
it was only when the bpys hurrahed and
shouted, and the young ladies showered bo-
quets, that he discovered that he was the ex
ceedingly clever fellow he is now esteemed
to ba
I understand that the incident gave much
annoyance to the Board of .Trustees and the
Faculty, who so studiously desire to avoid
everything political, and that action was
taken*by the Board to guard against the pos
sibility of misrepresentation. I mention the
incident in no tmkind spirit, but rather that
truth may disarm tbe liarsh criticism to
which warped and prejudiced accounts of it
may give rise. The most bigoted Radical
could not have objected to one word of the speech,
and he never would have known that there
was anything “Southern” in it until he heard
thc’uproarious shouts*and saw the fast-fly
ing bunches of flowers which greeted the
gifted junior’s eloquent description of the
national advantages of obeying the lairs.
LET US HANG HIM FOR HIS MOTHER.
.0 . • •
A RADICAL REFRAIN.
Let us han^ him for his mother!
Let ua.twist his gullet now 1 MS*;
Swing him first, then try him after!
We are practiced and know how.
Let us hang him for his mi-’her, • ; . .
Whom iveslaughtered in his stead;
Hang him! Innocent or guilty-^
We can try him when hu's dead!
Sleep! justice, sleep!
Jndee Fisher is our brother;
A jubilee of blood we keep—
Let’s hang him for his mother I
Wbv this farce of court and jury?
W hy these brawling men of Saw? -o <
Why this pack of perjured villains?
Why this needless trial! Pshaw!
Let's hang him for his mother,
We are mad to see him die;
Come, then, drag him to the slaughter.
We can try him byc-and-bye!
Sleep! justice,sleep!
.Jndee Fisher is our brother;
A jubilee of blood we keep—
Let’s hang him for his mother!
Let’s hang him for his mother! •
She Was tender, he is tough,
And the woman didn’t struggle
To our liking half enough.
When he’s buffed Holtcan try him;
If he’s innocent who cares?
’Twill only give some Conover
State prison if he swears.
Sleep! Stanton, sleep!
Thon blood-cemented brother;
Whilo hate and murder ’round us leap—
We’ll hang him for his mother!
[Albany CN. 1'.) Arovt.
Crops, etc., in Twiggs.
geography and of English grammar, and in j ano ther instance on record where an enligbt-
aritbmetic as far ns fractions.
For admission into tho College of Arts, the
candidate mus‘. be at least 14 years of age;
into any other of the Colleges of the Univer
sity, lie must be at least 10 years of age.—-
All must be possessed of a good moral char
acter and necessary qualifications.
The sessions of nil the Colleges, except
that of Law, will commence on the first
Monday of October. The first term com
mences on that day, nnd ends on the third
Friday of February. The second begins on
the following Monday, and ends on thefourth
Thursday of June.
The general plan of the University, with
its peculiar features of government and dis
cipline, with its associate Colleges and tlieir
separate schools, and with its various elective
courses of study,,including industrial edu
cation, with all its economic arrangements,
makes it emphatically an institution for the
people; and as such we heartily commend it
to not only the people of Georgia, but of the
entire South'. '
Gold in Orao.—Further reports from the
Ohio cold mines, in Richland County^ arc
very favorable. An experienced, scientific
gentleman just returned from there, has a
great many fine specimens, and says tlic gulch
mining rivals that in.California.
gjf Capt. W. T. McNclty, ot the steamer
Pilot Boy, plying between Charleston and
Beaufort, was tried by military court at
Charleston, a few days ago, and fined $250
for refusing Miss Frances Rollin (colored) a
i cabin passage.
ened and gallant people were called upon vol
untarily to abdicate government in favor of
their slaves, and to stamp with the seal of
infamy their own leaders and comrades in
arm?. No truly bravo people will ever offer
such terms, and wa have never yet believed
that they found a sanction in tho judgments
and hearts of the honest men of the North,
If not, then let them be repudiated aDd their
authors set aside.
The Radical plan, too, would restore the
Union only in name. Thoy do not propose
to settle any trouble or heal any heart-burn
ing, but to pin the .Union together with bay
onets and with such conditions that contin
ued ill-feeling and hate become a necessity
from the very nature of man. No people
ever yet submitted to a government which
they regarded as oppressive and degrading,
any longer than they were compelled to do
it. The Radical Congress propose a Union
that the Southern people are obliged to hate
—the Southern people propose one that shall
rospe# the interests and honor of both sec
tions, and which cacli can love and defend as
the governments fit swlioice. Just here is the
great difference between us, and it remains
tor tbe honest masses ofthe North to deter
mine which is right, and which they will sus
tain by tlieir voice, which in this case is em
phatically the voice of God.
It is a pity,- a shame, and a crime that a
great country like" this should be convulsed,
its Constitution overthrown, its prosperity
ruined and its liberties destroyed, for no
higher purpose than keeping a certain po
litical faction in power.
Marion, Twiggs Co., Aug. 13,1867.
Editors Telegraph: Thinking that a letter
from this county might not be amiss, as you
have published letters from all parts of the
State, I concluded to give you. an item or two
in regard to the crops. Well, you have heard
that the crops arc good, but ia this part
of the country, from my own observation
and the farmers’ experience, they have tho
best crops of corn that have been made in
twelve years. Every one is busy making
preparations for the cotton—gin houses bein
cleaned out, gins rubbed up, cotton baskets
put in order, etc. Already tho; great staple
has begun to show itself, and I shall not be
surprised soon to see in your paper the inter
esting heading of a local item, “New Cotton
from Twiggs County.”
But I must not close this letter without
mentioning a scene I witnessed at Judge Kel
ly’s plantation on la*t Thursday, the 8th inst,
I wish some “ special correspondent,” who
takes such pains to gather up items of “injus
tice to tho freedman,” “the-South still dis
loyal,” etc., had been there, and been as par
ticular in writing facts as they generally are
in scribbling lies; but perhaps it would have
been altogether out of liis line of business.
Judge Kelly has been blessed with an abun
dant crop, and not wishing to be tho only
happy one, he had prepared a large feast for
for Iris freedmen. About twelve o’clock, the
barbecue beiug ready, the Judge and a few
invited gucst3, myself among- the number,
repaired to the table, which was actually
groaning with delicacies as well as substan
tials—all raised on Iris own place, and pre
pared by the hands of his most excellent
wife, who is indeed a model housekeeper, and
understands how to make everybody com
fortable, both white and black. Aftefr the
white portion of the guests and family were
through, the freedmen were called up, and
after kasing a blessing, they proceeded to
test tlio different dishes to their hearts’ con
tent, Judge Kelly and his wife superintend
ing and seeing that every one had enough
After dinner tlie freedmen amused themselves
as they saw fit, some singing, some at games
of base, but the most of them took their old
way of enjoying everything, that is, by going
to sleep. t t t T. P. C.
Massachusetts Patriotism and Gallant-
ny.—The National Intelligencer tells a rc-
markablo story of the way in which Mas
saebusetts displayed the excessive zeal for
the war about which so much is attempted
to be made, for political profit, now the wiir
is over. Besides the buying up of random
negroes in Virginia and the two Carolinas, f 6
be credited as Massachusetts recruits,
battalion in California was engaged to credit
themselves on the quota of Massachusetts by
a promise of large bounties and the paymen t
of mileage from California and back. As the
case is stated, we understand that these
double mileages were deducted from tbe
bounties authorized, and the State is setting
up a claim for reimbursement in full from the
United States. It was sharp practice to raise
Massachusetts recruits on the other side of
the continent, and make the United States
Treasury pay the cost of bringing them over.
The Intelligencer improves the opportunity
to give the rabid politicians ol Massachusetts
a talk for setting up as ex> nplars of super-
line loyalty for themselves, and sneering at
Kentucky" as a disloyal Stale, notwithstand
ing she sent a hundred thousand soldiers in
to the field without bounties. or cost, to the
Government. i hi*rt juiosLoa i
; tlta.-Li1 . ‘jmJ/xif Sum rilmnl
Exchange of Prisoners.
r-trrin'J eier ■>.) oi.' iff I.e rf J.-« t
fy) ,^IKpS)pA,»fI s on pg |E,B 80jI,TH ( .‘
r Ofu *;;*0 rol im:3 i:<
From the Baltimore Gazette.] , ,
The official report of Gen. B. F/ Butler,
relative to tlie exchange of 'prisoners, was
published on "Wednesday in the N iw York
Tribune. It is a. document of more than
ordinary importance, both from what it con
fesses and what it avoids It proves clearly
the treachery that was at work, on the part
of Butler himsolf, to avoid making exchanges,
even after the sad condition of the Federal
prisoners at the South was made known to
him. It jjroves also that the Confederate
authorities were anxious to turn "over their
prisoners to tlie Federal Governmmt, not
only from a desire to relieve themselves from,
a terrible strain on their resources, but from
motives of pure humanity. Theii refusal to
treat with General Butler did not preclude
frequent offers to treat with any-other agent,
and although Butler ignores .the fnct that
proposals were made by Commissioner Ould
to Major Mulford, nnd through the latter
were communicated to his superiors as early
as August, 1864, the declarations of Conmris
sioner Ould himself and tho documentary
evidence on.record, show conclusively that no
effort was spared by tlie latter to induce the
Federal authorities to receive back the pi is
oners then held at the South on any terms.
Had the transfer been made, as proposed by.
Commissioner Ould, tlie sufferings of tho pris
oners would have been ameliorated, and
large proportion of the deaths that subse
quently occurred at Andersohville might
possibly have been averted
It Was, as we have said, in August, 1864
that Commissioner Ould declared officially to
Major Mulford that he was prepared to make
an exchange, either man for man, or without
any equivalent. General Biitler asserts that,
as early as April ot the same year, G'sn. Grant
had given most emphatic verbal directions
not to take another step by which another
able-bodied man should be exchanged until
further orders from him, and about the mid
dle of April Butler received instructions to
close all further negotiations. A week later
it was conceded that the sick and wounded of
both sides might be exchanged ; but Butler
says he could “see no strategic value in this,'"
and from that time forward until August
“nothing further was done with the exchange
except to receive from Richmond such sick
and wounded as they delivered to us and gave
them such as we captured on our lines."’ In
August came the proposition ot Commission
er Ould, to which we have alluded. It was
made through Major Mulford and by him
telegraphed to General Butler, who, as the
correspondence shows, wrote on the 18th of
August to General Grant that “special ex
changes” were then going forward, and that
he (Butler) was about to arrange an inter
view with Commissioner Ould,not wltl refer-
crcuce to a general exchange, but “in.ragird
to the treatment of our prisoners and ‘ "some
cases of retaliation.” To this Great lieplied
as follows :
..“OrfT Pmnt, August 18,1S06.
“To General Mutter:—! am satisfied that tho
object of your interview, besides having tho
proper sanction, meets with my entire approval.
I have seen from Southern papers that a system
of retaliation isgoing on in tho South, which
they keep from us, and which wo should stop in
some my. On the subject of exchange, how
ever, I differ from Gen. Hitchcock. It is hard on
onr men held in Southern prisons-not to ex
change them, but it is humanity to those left in
the ranks^to fight our battles. Every man
released on parole or otherwise becomes an
active soldier against ua at onde, either directly
or indirectly. If we commence a system of
exchange which liberates ail prisoners taien,
we will have to fight on until tho whole South
is exterminated. If we hold these caught, they
amount to no more than dead men. At this
particular time, to release all rebel prisoners
North would insure Sherman’s defeat, and would
compromise our safety here T
“U. S. Grant, Lieutenant General. 1
Butler at once hastened to assure the Lieu
tenant General that “no step would be taken
in opposition to bis wishes.’’ On the same
day, however, Butler wrote to General Hitch
cock, who had been urging an exchange of
all the prisoners,That? such an exchange was
desirable if the negro troops were.included,
and promised to have an interview with Com
missioner Ould ■ on the subject. No inter
view was had and nothing was done. Never
theless, for the express purpose of preventing
the exchange and putting the Confederate
authorities apparently in the wrong, Butler
says.;.
“I wrote an argument shewing our right to our
colored soldiers. This argument set Ibrth onr
claims in the most offensive form possible, con
sistently with ordinary, courtesy or language, for
the purpose of carrying out tho wishes of the
Lieutenant General, that no prisoners of war
should be exchanged. This paper was publish
ed so as to bring a public pressure by the owners
of slaves upon tho Rebol Government, in order
to forbid;their exohange.” : j . '
A little further on, under date of October,
he adds:
“In case the Confederates consented to exchange
the slaves that had been captnred in Federal uni
forms, and to return us all Our prisoners at Ander-
souville and elsewhere in exchange for tlieirs,
then 1 had determined, with theconsent of thef
Lieutenant General, a? a last resort to prevent ex
change, to demand that the outlawry against me
should formally be reversed and apologized for be
fore I wouldHurtber negotiate the exchange Of pri
soners. * * , * * * *
“It may he remarked here that the rebels were
ready enough to exchange prisoners at this time,
man for man, where we would permit it to "be
done, because they arranged for, and did exchange
" that way, a part of the 1 naval prisoners held by
—M— of r
ously as I was able, because it tended to breed dig.
content in onr armies, and was grossly unjust.”
Later in October Butler writes that—
“The rebels had exchanged all the naval colored
prisoner?, so that the negro question no longer
impeded the- exchange ot prisoners in fact, it we
had demanded the exchange for all, man for man,
officer for officer. It being cow settled that no
general exchange of prisoners would be allowed
by the commanding general to take place, feeling
deeply the sufferings and privations of our soldiers
in Andersonville and Salisbury, I negotiated a
special exchange of the sick and wounded, and
also that onr Government should be allowed to
provide for our solders in the hands of the rebels.”
Finally, on the 26th of October, Major-
then Lieutenant Colonel—Mulford was di
rected to sail for Savannah, with orders “to
take with him the rebel sick and bring back
our men.” Still further delays were, however,
interposed, and it was not until tlie 21st of
November that tbe first exchange of three
thousand men took place at Savannah. “Their
physical condition,” writes Mulford, “is better
than I expected, but their personel is worse-
than anything I have ever seen—filth and
rags.” To make up the complement neces
sary to’ fill the vessels, the Confederates sent
off well men. Owing to the movements of
Sherman, tbe next exchange occurred at
Charleston, where twelve thousand men were
delivered in December. No further exchanges
took place; but arrangements are said to
have been made by which each of the bellig
erents agreed to furnished its own prisoners
of war with the necessary supplies. How
imperfect and partial these arrangements
were, everybody who reads the newspapers
of the day well knows. From that time,
however, Butler’s action as Commissioner ot
Exchange practically ceased. Those who
have followed us thus far will have no difficul
ty in understanding the extent to. which he
himself was culpable in preventing the release
of the Federal prisoners at the South, and the
shameless devices to which, by Iris own ac
knowledgment, he resorted for the purpose of
casting an imputation of unfair dealing Upon
the Confederate authorities. His own reports
condemn him. He, of course, inculpates
Grant, and in doing that doubtless much
against his will, he was compelled to exoner
ate the Confederates. He closes his narrative
with the following bitter sarcasm. on the
Lieutenant GeneraL-
Mining in Lumpkin County.
“Thegreat importance of the questions; the fear
ful responsibility for the many thousands of lives
which, by the refusal to exchange, were sacrificed
by the most cruel forms of death, from cold, star
vation, and pestilence of the prison-pens of Ra
leigh and Andersonville, being more than all the
British soldiers killed in the wars ot Napoleon;
the anxiety of fathers, brothers, sisters, mothers,
wives, to know the exigency which caused this ter
rible and perhaps as it may have sqemed to them
useless and unnecessary destruction of those dear
to them, by horrible deaths, each and all have
compelled me to tliis exposition, so that it may be
seen that these lives were spent as a part of the
system of attack upon the rebellion, devised by
the wisdom of the General-in-Chief of “the ar
mies, to destroy it by depletion, depending upon
our superior numbers to win the victory at last,’!
The loyal mourners will, doubtless, derive
solace from this fact, and appreciate all. the
more highly the genius which conceived the
plan and the success wort at so great a cost,
After this official exposition of the motives
that actuated the Federal Government in
breaking off all exchanges of prisoners with
the South, no one can for a moment doubt
where the responsibility ought to rest for the
terrible loss by disease and death of Federal
prisoners at Andersonville.
Rev. J. "W. Beckwith, D. D.—"We are in
formed by a friend, who is in a position to
know, that there is no reason to believe in
the correctness of the reports from Georgia,
that the above named gentleman has accept
ed or is likely to accept the Bishopric of Geor
gia, which has been twice tendered him and
twice declined. On the contrary, our inform
ant saw him at his summer quarters near
New York, within the last three weeks, and
he was full of his plans for future parochial
work here, and had not the least thought pf
revising his determinations as to the See of
Georgia. Further than this, he had been
just tendered the rectorship of one of the
largest and most influential parishes in New
York city, with corresponding salary, but
had promptly declined it, having no other
thing in view than to continue and complete
his work in Trinity parish, in New Orleans.
£> [A O. Picayune, 18tA.
Notwithstanding all this, we still adhere
to oui statement, it having been founded on
authority quite as good as the Picayune’s.
[Eds. Tkl.
Important Decision by Judge Bryan,
The case of V. A. Ripley vs. R. C. Gillam
was an action brought by the plaintiff, who
lives in North Carolina, against the defen
dant, a resident of this State, upon a con
tract made during the war. "W". K. Easley,
defendant’s attorney, moved the court on
Wednesday to stay the proceedings, on the
ground that the action was in conflict with a
provision in Order No. 10 of Gen. Sickles.
Tho motion was resisted by B. P. Jones, at
torney for the plaintiff. The Judge granted
the motion, holding that the citizens of the
States placed by Congress under military law
were bound by military law, so that a citizen
6f North Carolina lias no more right to sue a
citizen of South Carolina, within the prohib
ited rules, than citizens of the same State
haTC to sue each other. There is a difference
in the rights of a citizen of New York or
other State, that is not placed under disabil
ity or that has forfeited no right by rebellion,
and the citizens of these Southern States; the
former can prosecute legal demands in the
United States Court without respect to mili
tary orders.—Greenville Advertiser.
Postal Item.—The Postmaster at Savan
nah announces ihat the following Postoffices
were established during the month of June
last:
New Prospect, Forsyth county.
Talmage, Baldwin county.
Euharlee, Cass county.
Willow Dell, Coweta county.
Warm Springs, Meriwether county.
Tallapoosa, Carroll county.
Copeland, Telfair county.
Buchanan, Haralson county.
From the same authority ujc learn that tho
following Pqstbffices have been discontinued:
Green Cut, Burke county.
Hopeful, Burke county.
Byrd’s Mill, Coffee county.
Sylvania, Screven county.
Crosby, "Habersham county.
Choestce, Union county..
As eur readers abroad frequently express
a desire to know something of the minin'*
operations going„on .in this section, and as
we have been sadly remiss in that particular,
we propose now, as a partial atonement to
devote an article each week to the mines in
the order of the date of.their commencement.
First of which is the Yahoola and Cane Creek
Hydraulic Hose Mining Company, chartered
by the State of Georgia in 1856 or 1857, by
Dr. Van Dike and others, and stocked in
Boston.
This company commenced in 1858, the
gigantic undertaking of bringing the waters
of the Yahoola river to bear upon the lodes
and auriferous deposits in this immediate
vicinity, by means of an aquaduct a distance
of about eight miles in an air-line and twenty-
one miles, by the meandering course of the
aqueduct. This would have been a huge
undertaking under any circumstances but
when the topography of the country, through
which it passes, is taken into consideration,
the magnitude of the enterprise becomes ap
parent.
The only novel feature in this long line of
canal is the .high trestle, one mile distant
from Dahlbnega, where the water is passed
over the ravine through which the natural
channel of the Yahoola runs. Here for the
first time from its initial pointdoestbe aque
duct meet tho natural bed of the river, whose
waters it has taken up, which, at this point,
is elevated 287 feet above it. A trestle 167
feet high, and 1,400 feet long spans the ra
vine. The original plan was to hare built
this trestle as high as the summits of the hills
on either side, and flume across; but the En
gineer of the company, Mr. Deucovcrt, of
Boston, suggested the idea that, by means of
pipes, made of boiler iron three feet in di
ameter, laid from the mouth of the aqueduct
down the eastern slope of the hill which has
• an inclination of about thirty-five degrees,
thence horizontally across the trestle, then up
the hill bn the western side, at about the
same inclination as the eastern side—the dis
charging. power being only .six feet lower
than that of the receiving.
As great as the outlay for purchasing, trans
porting and laying these pipes, it was deemed
more economical by the company, to adopt
this plan than the former, and in view ofthe
substantiability and durability of this over
the former plan; there is no question of the
correctness of the judgment. Many scien
tific and practical men were sceptical of its
success, though the principle of water forcing
itself to the height of its head, older than the
science of hydrostatics itself, yet the appli
cation of it to so great a height and so large
a volume, had never been tried before, doubts
were entertained whether the pipes and trestle
could withstand the immense weight and
pressure, and whether the expansion and con
traction, by the action of heat and cold upon
the pipes, would not break‘the bolts which
held them together. All the tests it has with
stood; and it stands an achievement without
a counterpart on this continent, and perhaps
not in the world. . .
After years of toil and difficulties innume
rable, by the indefatigable exertions of Dr.
M. H. Van Dyke, who conceived the idea, and
who was has wrought at it with a pertinaci
ty that will! always ensure success, this stu
pendous work was completed about the 1st
of February last, and stands a proud monu
ment to his energy and perseverance. Since
that time Capt. C. C. Feck, the very compe
tent superintendent, has been actively mining
with entire satisfactory results, employing
about seventy hands in placer mining and in
the development of veins and in raising thou
sands of ton3 of ore that will average eight
dollars per ton, by the hose-pipe and ground
sluice.
The idea of raising ore by means of pipe
and sluice, will doubtless appear strange to
those unacquainted with : the peculiarity of
the veins in this immediate vicinity, and
will require a few words ot explanation.
Here, ns in no other county, so far as we are
informed, the veins are bound in soft talcose
slate, and which completely fills up all the
cavities and interstices in the veins. This
slate contains go’d, and, it is the opinion of
the most scientific of those who have inves
tigated the subject, is itself gold-bearing.
Hence tbe great value of water in mining
here. It is applied to raising all ores above
tbe water level, and the gold in the soft slate
will more than pay all the expenses of rais
ing the ore, transporting it to the mill and
crushing it—leaving the actual value of the
the ore as a net profit.
In addition to a small eight stamp test mill
now at work, the company are about erect
ing a first-class mill, which will be in opera
tion early in the Autumn, and others as fast
as they are needed*,"until the full capacity of
the water is taken up.
This company own a large number of gold
mining lots, ajnong which is the celebrated
lot 1052, and leSses upon many others quite
as good. In view of the great advantage
afforded by an abundance of water and the
large area upon which it can be brought to
bear, the economy of its application to rais
ing ore and crushing it, the immense quantity
of paying quartz upon the property of. this
company, there can be no doubt of its suc
cess and its proving handsomely remunerative
to its enterprising stockholders.
the chesTatee pluming company.
The work of mining the bed of tlieChestatee
has commenced. We have, during the week,
yisjted the work, and lound everything work
ing like a charm. A thirty-horse power en
gine, of Hoadley’s make, is in complete ope
ration, with one of Andrew’s snail shell rotary
pump with nine inch pipes in the clear, throw
ing three thousand gallons out of the bed of
the river per minute. The water is sinking
very fast, and in a few days abvut' one-third
of a mile of the river will be ready for min-
Col. Peter Hannay, one of the Directors,
and Col; J. K. Wing, the Superintendent,
and Capt. Adplph Thies, the filming engineer,
were all present, and perfectly jubilant over
the rqpid decrease of the water in the old
bed, und the accuracy, with which the ma
chinery was operating. By our next issue
we hope to be permitted to make a more ex
tended notice of this enterprise, so far ahead
of any others ever introduced in this country.
[JDahlonega Signal
In .... , ._
them, through the Secretary , of tlie Navy, who
made the agreement outside qf our Commissioners
by means of our flag-of-truce boat at Aiken’s
Landing, and to this General Grant reacily con
sented, as it did not ‘imperil onr safety here.’ ”
Exchanges of naval prisoners still went for-
ard as usual, but even these Butler objected
On" a letter written by Grant advising
it, Butler remarks :
“Against this exchange of sailors, when I .heard
of it, as well as the partial exchange of able-bodied
soldiers going op in several military departments,
through their commanders, I protested as Tigor-
fggl- How to Keep Hams Througe Sum-
mek.—After your hams have taken salt, hang
them, up and smoke them well,» thei take
them down and.dip them into, boiling water
for a few seconds ; that will kill all the egga
of insects, if there should be any on them,
Promised Reform in the Ottoman Em- then roll them iu dry then^morp^f
rrKE.—Constantinople, August 15.-— Ills Im- hang them up , 8 £ 3
|»ml M.JtMy the ShlLh, on hi. ntam t,, J™ J J,. uLi, bad ia
gSS£S £ ,S2V*r~ , “” * *<■*-
Government during his absence. j on tb eir niea - ■■
In reply to the address, the Sultan, after re- ' ^- TUe report tbat Geueral Robt E . Lee
v.ewinghisracentjourneytoWesternEurope, , th<J Presidency of the Chesa .
says that as. the result of his observations he ; ha
is prompted to inaugurate an era of progress peake and Ohio railroad is. says the Rich-
for.the Ottoman Empire, and be promises to mond Dispatch, entirely unfounded. He has
submit a series of-'measures of reform for the
benefit of .his subjects.
Mr. Peter Cody, a native of Warren
county, Georgia, died at bis residence* in
Dougherty county, on the 1st instant, in the
seventieth year of liis , age.
no idea *f quitting Washington College,
where tbh prospects for tlie coming session
far exceed even the unprecedented success of
the last.
j}3p James Gordon Bennett, Jr., sold the
yhent Henrietta for $50,000.