Weekly Georgia telegraph. (Macon [Ga.]) 1858-1869, February 07, 1868, Image 1

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Newspaper Page Text■B ' if: rtf A, BEID & 00,,] I A* SJ A Family Journal for the Dissemination of General Intelligence, Miscellany, Agricultural, Commercial, Political and Religious Information. [PROPRIETORS MACON, GA.,‘ FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1868. {YOL. III.—NO. 11 UEOSeU. TELEQHAPH Lushing house. I. . nSXD &■ CO., PxoprUtor*. If*' — ~ Georgia Negro-Radical Convention THIRTY-FIRST DAY’S PROCEEDINGS. fYom the Atlanta Jnltlllpeneer.l Atlanta, January 29, 1868. Tlio Convention opened with prayer— Par- 'YlSNEBD, l Editors. I rott in the Chair. . yiiYRlX, ) ^ The rules were read. ^„ . Hopkins moved that the report of the Re- Tcrm» °f s,,b * cr P • _ . 00 lie! Committee be taken up. \ru*tr TKLKoRxrn r® ar i 10 00 J. Harris moved that the report of the Ma jority Committee be ordered printed as amended without reading. Satfold thought if the report was in a proper state to bo printed, it ought to bo in j a proper state to bo read lor the Convcn lion. pniv ■ ' .OB PRINTING. ,,. ns so execute every description I work, and we guarantee ».Ui- j I |f JOB A-' a " 7. cirnrifing that a gentleman Tlio ayes and nays were taken standing, . ^-Itwoo* Alsnuatcd with ancl stootl thtis: nyes 70, nays 84. I ft, Gen. Mca*I« sh°u & The Chair stated that the question before E ti,U »s-i£ ne, l b inu What With 1 < >* j the Convention was that of the report of the I “ , tun ities, the absence of funds, the des- Committee on Relief. r 1 * 1 .ujte ,nd the nouseou3 associa- T. P. Saflold read tlio following as a sub- ptissi req ’ wo are pot sur pri8ed at stitutj for the minority report: I )a <ofhii p 08ltl ’ ^ -■ _ J j Resolved, That Georgia is now’ and lias I fjOOs "* * • j q ! J.vCSt)I\ Ct.1) 1 ililb Ucor^ui IS DO t* «iUCl Jla3 I tisasking to he relieved. been since tlio ratification of the Constitution I m shad not weep “1 !“0 cuango. 0 f the United States, a State of the American ! f 21 * ‘ — I Union. rw-We >re glad that Gov. J 1 . , vs. intention to fi>on bil Union. enkins has Resolved, That tlio Constitution of the . J n , 0 nio „ bill of injunc- United States.is the supreme law of the land, signifiedlv3 tow on the 7th pro*. I the Constitution of the State and the laws ■ m in the 8opr cme t,oU * . , - and ordinances of the State to the contrary o prevent the tnittWJ from misapplying notwitllstan(ling . 1 His faithfulness will not j Resolved, That any Constitution of this I Georgia's money, l< forgotten, ST From the telegrams we learn that the •Tide. Of a majority of the Supreme Court Zing the Reconstruction acts unconstitu- £. is enough to so frighten the Radicals L make Hum threaten a dissenting Judge L impeachment. The presumption is (jit JoJgo Field thinks the acts unconstitu- tjo.,,1 and remarked that a majority of the fapremc Bench wero of the same opinion; c\ lor making this remark he is threatened rjb impeachment, so ns to be removed. Let •otiiing more ho said of Napoleon’s dcs- pow®’ ... grjVe wonder if the Civil Rights bill rill not give somebody trouble in Indian- tpolu, for fining a negro #2000, an.] putting lia in jail fortwo years, because he t^nrried a ! white woman ? And yet such was jhffpcttP hbnent Inflicted, as the telegraph ,jft forms State, or any ordinance of this Convention which impairs the obligation of any contract, or denies the right of a citizen to sue aud en force his rights, is a violation of tho Con stitution of tho United States, in direct con flict with the acts of Congress under which this Convention is assembled, and therefore null and void. B. Conley moved that both reports of the Committee, the majority and the minority, be printed and made the special order of busi ness for to-morrow. C. II. Hopkins spoke at some length on the postponement of the report. He was in favor of taking up so important a measure and taking action upon it at once. L. L. Stanford offered tho following as a substitute for the majority and minority re ports : An Ordinance to authorize the Courts of this ’ State to adjust the equities between the parties to all judgments, orders, or decrees, or unexecuted contracts made prior (tor tho t first day of May, 1865. -'I’iciiT Section 1. The people of Georgia ih Cpn4 vention assembled do ordain, That the'fqwts of the State shall have authority to 1 vacate and set aside all judgments, orders or doerpes rendered by them prior to the first day of May, 1865, upon cither party, his or her agent or attorney, making an affidavit before any jiidicial officer bf State, lhat he or she has an equitable cause of: complaint or de ll. J. Laxo.—We call attention«of. tbe Cretnl Exrctttivo Committee of tbeCon- iutstive party to the fact that H. J. Lang, for Lincoln comity, in the 29th Senium! District, is an improper person to j f e0 ee. fc-ixh a position, not being in accord j Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, That itsliall rill the Conservative partv. I be competent for cither party to the suit „ fT . .it | upon any cause of notion originating prior Dr. J.L 1\ ilkta is suggested by a private LF Jhe £ rst duy of May 1865> upon trial CiTupondent. as a suitable person for the i thereof, to give in evidence the consideration puntkri and is cordially endorsed by the j of tbe contract and value thereof at any time, Ctro:ide & Sentinel as a fit successor to said ! tbe intention of tho party as to the particu- , lar kind of currency in which the same was J*L * to have been paid and the value thereof, and his or her responsibility to have paid the same at the time the contract was made, snd his or her ability to pay the same now, and any and all fact tending to show good faifli between tbe parties, and tbe verdict of the jury and judgment of tbe court shall be upon principles of equity and justice: Provided, cither party, upon his own motion, shall have Tue Arrest and Parole of Treasurer Mu—As tlio telegraph has already stated, & Treasurer of the State of Georgia was noted liy the military authorities at Eedgerillc on last Monday, and was ini J [ atdiitcly paroled tor one day. A Ye learn that litpwele lies been extended to tbe first day tfwit July. No charges have been pre- ferred against 1dm, but it is understood that tit came of his arrest was his refusal to sur- todtr his books, papers and money to the «5ctr detailed hyGen. Meade to take charge of his office. Neither tbe books of Treasurer Jones nor Comptroller Burns liavo been fonnd. They been placed beyond tho reach of Gen. Made and his officers. some discussion were adopted. 1 hey are as follows: Sec. 21. The power of taxation over the whole State shall bp exercised by the Gen eral Assembly only to raise revenue for tbe support of Government, to pay the public debt, to provide n general school fund, for the common defence, and for public improve ment; and taxation shall be ad valorem only, aud uniform upon all species of public prop erty taxed. The following amendment was offered by Mr. Bullock: Provided, That the rate of tax so author ized upon the value of property shall not ex ceed the rate levied by the State. Lost Section 22 was adopted as follows: • The General Assembly may grant tho pow er of taxation to county authorities and municipal corporations, to be exercised with in their several territorial limits.” Section 23 was also adopted os follows: • There shall be no poll tax levied except for educational purposes; and such tax shall not exceed one dollar. Section 24, after some debate, was passed as follows : The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation.” L. L. Stanford offered the following substi tute for section 25, which embraces part of section 24, all of section 25 and part of section 26 as reported by the Committee: “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrant shall issue but upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons and things to be seized.” Section 26 was called, but on motion was postponed until the Committee on the Leg- slativc Department had reported. The above sections gave rise to a good deal of discussion, and among the foremost of tbe statesmen who appeared several times on the floor, wo noticed J. E. Bryant, A. Alpcoria Bradley, negro, and C. C. Richardson. In connection with the above C. C. Rich ardson moved that representation should be apportioned according to population. J. E. Bryant favored the motion. In the course of his remarks, J. D. Waddell, by per mission, interrupted him and inquired if the delegate from Richmond proposed to make population the basis of tbe Senate as well as of the House of Representatives. J. E Bryant replied in tbe affirmative. Mr. Waddell said be had always supposed hat the reason for having two houses of leg- sliitinn was that the one might represent ter- itory and property, and the other papula- ion. The Senate represented the power in Georgia, the latter population, and he asked Bryant if he was in favor of carrying out universally the logical results of the'doctrine lie (Bryant) had announced, and apply the principle to the General Government also. Bryant replied—Yes. Mr. Waddell—If the delegate is satisfied with the ground he takes, I am satisfied that he should occupy it. In respect to J. E. Bryant, we arc happy to state that II. V. M. Miller paid a high trib ute to this high geographical research. There is no man knows the State of Georgia better’ than lie does; but we rather incline to think aforesaid Richardson leads him as a “great debater,” although G. W. Asbburn is most highly grandiloquent, and it must be admit ted that it is vciy “prepostuous” to attempt to discriminate. After the long amount of desultory but very natural speechifying bad terminated, or at least after the hour for adjournment had . . - • - . ,. , , . . i arrived, the Committee, on motion, rose, re- the right to continue Ins case for four terms I j, orfe< j progress and asked leave to sit again. only. HMRI Bee. 2. Be it fuithcr ordained, That this ordinance shall not apply to executions for costs, nor to rules against officers for money, nor to trust estate where tbe trustee is in pos session of the estate or its personal effects, nor 10 corporations in their corporate capa city, nor to esses where tho defendant has absconded or resides beyond the limits of this State. ' A motion for the previous question was here made and lost. J. E. Bryant rose to a point of order. B. Conley's motion to print was carried. On motion it ivas made the special order for Friday next. F. Blodgett offered the followin Resolved, That no member of this Con- Boxd of toe Treasurer.—In answer to fiifl inquiries of several of our contemporaries, tit Federal Union says: We have been in- hnned that no bond has been given by the Treasurer. As a military officer, he will, of vention shall speak more than twice on any i ,, . n- one question— nveuty nuuutes m first speech, course, be answerable to his superior officers minutes ia rejoinder, except upon tor any misapplication of the funds in his I permission grunted by vote of the majority buds. I t ,f the Convention, whin the time may be cx- I tended to nnc hour, and uo longer. Conservative JIeetino in Harris.—A tiling of the Conservative party of Harris •ill be held at Hamilton, on the first Tues in February next, to organize for the ap- Fosching election. _ The Cotton Tax.—Tho repeal of this ’•« on cotton still hangs fire in Congress. A tote ia the House, on tho 24th, resulted in Uforand*0 against it. The protective tariff ef a,and what is known as tho “rural intcr- oppose tbe repeal unless tackled with their darling sell cuius. The cotton f tttersof the South need have little confi- in its repeal. It is time our people beginning to know that they may cx- P*! neither jnutice, favor nor affect ion in any ‘*in whatever from tho present Congress of United States. The animosity and of that body towards us aud all our Serial interests is as intense ns was that of British Government towards France dur- *H> the reign of Napoleon Bunap:irte—the 'fij difference being that Britain fought hnceopenly, and Congress is killing us by ** poison. J- Pu *tino Cotton.—Forney In his paper ^ "it ia also possible that’the tax on raw ^n will be repealed.” That tux is not Vfifl now, and wo doubt if it ever will do the Radicals enro how much “^Ufcrnnl rebel*" suffer! Iln l th's tax ‘^tiaorne extent injured the Noith, Qercial and manufacturing intcre ^*1(1 never even have had any agitation of _ Butter of repeal; but the entire North “'I have stoo l by willingly witnessing **'’ ‘on*and destructive operation trn Planters we say, abstain from After some discussion, the motion to sus pend the rules was put and the votes taken, as follows: Ayes 79, nays 50. There not be ing a two-third majority, the rules were not suspended. A. Alpcoria Bradley, negro, supported the above motion in a very solemn and magnan imous speech. He did not :ike hnlum apocebes, scuh as the one made by the dele gate from Elbert, (A. T. Aktrmao,) who took seven hours to tell them what auy man could them in an hour—who tvas a man of common sense (laughter.) He mse evidently determined to give Mr. Akerman “Jits,” for, as be pretended, his remarks on ex Governor Brown; but no person could be mistaken to the real cause. Air. Akerman made reply—preferring to pursue the more gentle manly course, which was not to notice tbe individual. It has never been our lot to bear so ridiculous isn attempt at venting spleen in a covert manner; but A. i\ Akerman could well afford to listen, ns tbe elephant can lis ten to the humming of the bee. However, poor,.unlucky Alpcoria, negro. XfflS not su *‘ fered to enjoy his imagined victory long. S. \V. Beaird, negro, made some hard rap ping at him by quoting from the Intelligen cer the remarks of Alpcoria Bradley, negro, which appeared a few days ago about his bar ain with certain white delegates for colored votes. Beaird worsted bis opponent in a very short time, end when lie said that no man bad a right to bargain away his vote, his antagonist reconciled confused and dis mayed. Alpcoria, n< gro, attempted to reply, but it was to no effect IK- could not recover hiin- sclf sufficiently, and sat down, his face illu- nrined with one of his grim smiles. Beaird said in s-. If-justification that he had never given authority to auy person to bar- ,, a way his vote, and that whenever lie raised his’ voice to give a vote, it would be given ill a conscientious way. V T Akerman explained his position in To all 1 the matter. He had heard it stated that plan. 1 some such understanding had been arrived ^te l l n , ;ief0,et0rai C ff Pl ' U ‘ ,irh nodi'iaimi'rTnn^C'b^F™ 0 '’- "f\ ** ftolen from you, and wbicib, at any rally, that it was a bargain, and spoke ot it to fatten Northern purses. You such, and he wus glad to hear tint tholast profitably raise cotton with the tax I Jou need not expect its repeal.— . Wo are half iuclim d to believe that J MftQn *trati«ns made in Congress looking . k **P#b1 ol ibis tux were purposely in- sat down and it ^ ^mislead Southern planters mid be- clapped bis hand ^ into planting cotton largely.— 1 ! ‘t the Rudical rogues, and raise - T * 0a *»nd coU in its we The Convention adjourned to 9 1-2 o’clock, a. m., next day. THIRTY-SECOND DAY’S PROCEEDINGS. Atlanta, Jan. 30, 1868. The Convention opened with prayer—Par rott in the Chair. The roll was called, when it was announced that, as there was not a quorum present, they could not proceed to business. G. W. Ashburn (who bad been absent when his name was called) moved that the Ser geant at-Arms be directed to go out and bring the members In; A sufficient number to form a quorum hav ing arrived by this time, the reading of the journal was proceeded with. T. J. Speer moved that the reading of the report of the Committee on Relief be dis pensed with ns it bad to he printed and would then be read. P. Martin offered the following resolutions, and asked that they ire referred to a com mittee : The Constitutional Convention of the State of Georgia presents to the Congress ot the United States the following considerations: A loan by the United States Government to tho impoverished planters of-thc South of reasonable amount of United States cur rency for agricultural purposes, properly guarded by mortgages and equitably distrib uted among the most needy, would be of in calculable advantage to the whole country. Such a loan would restore the productions of the South, and give a market for tbegoods of the North and the produce of the West. It would at once energize the South in an honorable attempt to compete with England, oar rival tn cotton-raising, and return with interest a full payment of all her zeal in fostering our Into troubles, in order that she might establish her selfish policy of produ cing cotton in the State, to the injury of our cotton States, and thereby take commanding control of what him been the great source of our commercial prosperity as a people. Mortgage on real estate can be taken of twice the valac of the money loaned. No man need borrow more than two thirds of what he can give assurance will Ihj the value of his coming crop. Tho people of the South need relief. Al most destroyed by the great conflict just over, Providence, so far, has not smiled upon the Southern planter. In 18CG there was a short crop, from drought and other causes. In 1807 planters planted, looping to realize from twenty-five to thirty cents per pound on cotton. Compelled to sell generally at from ten to twelve cents per pound, by the decline in the market, cotton planters have failed to realize the costof production, and arc to an alarming extent now comparatively helpless for the coming crop. In proportion as tho cotton planter iai unable to plant fora large amount of cotton will tbe freed men necessa rily sulV.-r. The extent of sutlering among the freedmen. unless Southern planters are fostered by the Government, will be appall ing to the Christian hcait. The “miI ion's wards” cannot be better cared for than by thus providing lor them inuncrativc labor npon that staple. With the test oath may be fairly taken as loyal and are in good position to.select the most needy and deserviug of the nation’s benefi cencc. Registrars being all of them under the im mediate control of the commanding generals of the several military districts, would be held to.strici accountability for the faithful performance of the duties contemplated. Such a baltn poured by a wealthy conqueror into the wour.dsof the vanquished would do much to cucourage reconstruction, in accordance with the acts of Congress. In view of the foregoing, ho it therefore, Resolver!, That the Congriss of the United States bo respectfully petitioned to appropri ate thirty millions of Unitod States currency, to bo lonncd under proper regulations, to aid in developing the agricultural interest oi needy Southern planters. Resolved, That copies of the foregoing prenmble and resolution be transmitted to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives of tho United States, with the request that they belaid be fore those bodies, and that copies be also transmitted to the Presidents of the Con stitutionnl Conventions in the Southern I States; and that we invite the co-operation of such Conventions ia this application to Congress. H. V. M. Miller supported the call fora sus pension of the rules. He thought there were many reasons which commended the step.— The South had never been in a position to ask for any thing of the kind, she had never done so, and there could be nothing improper in making such a request. The Federal Gov ernment had fostered and nourished enter prise and improvements of every kind by loans, and if the report he had heard were true, there was great danger that starvation would exist in the coming season among the laboring classes to a great extent. He, there fore, hoped that the rules woald be suspend ed and the resolutions referred to a commit tee for consideration. I. Seeley favored the motion, and thought that it tbe Government- advanced tbe loan they would also have the right to prescribe the manner in which it should be disposed. The rules were suspended, and the resolu tion referred to a committee of seven. The following are the names of the com mittee appointed to consider the resolution of P. Martin: P. Martin, Chairman—Seeley, Costin, Hotchkiss, Miller, Christian and Walton. T. J. Speer moved a suspension ot the rules for the purpose of taking up a resolution adding three*more members to the Committee on Printing. The resolution was taken up, passed, and the following persons named by tbe Chair: N. L Angier, B. Conley and S. F. Gove. On motion, tbe house went into Committee of the Whole on the Bill of Rights. Section 27 was taken up and passed, amended as follows: Private ways may be granted upon just compensation being paid to the applicant. - Section 28 was adopted without any amendment as follows: There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, save as a punishment for crime, after legal conviction thereof. Section 29, on motion of G. W. Ashburn, was stricken out. It read as follows : That all elections shall be free and equal. Section 30, ou motion of H. Y. M. Miller, was stricken out. It read as follows : Each branch of the General Assembly shall be tbe judge of the qualifications of its own members. Section 31 was adopted without any amend ment. It read as follows : No person shall be molested for his opin ions, nor suffer any civil or political advan tage in consequence of such opinions. Section 32 was taken up and read thus: Laws shall be passed by the General As sembly to protect from sale under execution, a reasonable amount of property for each head of the family, for the use of jus or her family. Various amendments were offered, arid fol lowing was adopted: Laws shall be passed by the General As sembly to protect from sale muter execution except for taxes and the lien of the laborers and mechanics for services rendered, a reas onable amount of property for each head of the family, for the use of bis or her family, and ia ease of the death of the father and the mother, then for the use of the minor children, and the property of no woman shall be liable for tbe payment of her hus band's debts. Section 33 was adopted.without any amend ment as follows: All penalties shall be proportion to the nature ot the offence. Section 34 was taken up and read as the follows: No citizen of this State shall be subjected to corporeal punishment. The following amendment of A. T. Akcr- man was adopted: Whipping , as a punishment for crime is prohibited. Section 35 was on motion postponed. Section 3G as amended was adopted n3 fol lows: No person, Who, after the adoption of this Constitution, shall engage in a duel, send or accept a challenge, or he aider or abettor to a duel, shall vote or hold office in this State, und every such person shall, also, be subject to suoh pun’shineut as the law may prescribe. Section 36 was read as follows: The State of Georgia shall ever remain a member of the Amerieau Union; tho people thereof are a part of the American nation; that every citizen owes paramount allegiance to the Constitution and Government of the United States, and ‘ no jaw or ordinance of this State iu contravtution or subversion thereof can or 'shall ever have any bindiug force. T P. Saflold spoke in opposition to the section. L. L. Stanford then rose and spoke sub stantially as follows: I desire to discuss this question calmly and deliberately, os a great fundamental principle of government is here involved. I am op posed to the adoption of this section on the ground that it is in violation of the Consti tution of the United States, which expressly declares: “The powers not delegated to tho United States hy the Constitution, nor pro hibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” Now, sir, I am not in favor of incorporating any principle in the fundamental law of'Gcor- gia that will destroy tlii3 great doctrine of the Constitution. I hold, sir, that I do not owe paramount allegiance to the Government of tiic United States, but. my first allegiance is to tho State of Georgia and then to the General Government, 60 long as it protects this great doctrine by those who favor the consolidation of government. Picture to yourselves the fathers of the country assembling in Philadelphia, in May, 1787, after the Revolutionary struggle was over, the delegates from * Georgia, New Hampshire, New York, and rill of the original States greeting each other in the most fra ternal manner, with Washington at their head, what unity of feeling and sentiment prevailed 1 Yes, gentlemcu, they had suffered in a common cause, stood around the same camp fires, fought upon the same field, and now they had met to frame an organic law for themselves and posterity, baptized with the blood of some of tho noblest work of God. And arc you ready to overturn tills great chart of American liberty ? I, for one, am not. I am willing to take tho old Con stitution and live under it, and if need be, die under it; but I am not willing to eradi cate this fundamental or • any other great principle transmitted to ns by those patriotic men. I want to reconstruct, and shall be happy when Georgia is restored to her ancient place in tbe Union; but never, no, never will I con sent to give up tbo reserved rights of my State. I tell you, gentlemen, look well before you ever give your vote to incorporate this section in your Bill of Rights. There is but one step from a Democratic form of government, and that is to monarchy. Are you ready to take that awful step ? I am not. Come, let us take the old Constitution for our chart, and we may hope soon to hear that Georgia is re stored to her former place in the Union. While Mr. Stanford was addressing the Convention, tbo Committee, on motion, arose reported progress and asked leave to sit again. After some further routine of business was transacted, the Convention, on motion, ad journed to 9 1-2 A. u. next day. The proceedings of the Convention on the 31st comprised the announcement that three phonographic reporters would arrive from New York on Monday, and that the proceed ings would be printed in the Era and Opin ion and the job work be divided between tbe two offices. The Bill of Rights was then taken up and completed. Section 37 was taken up and adopted without amendment and is as fol lows: Sec. 37. The State of Georgia shall ever re main a member of the American Union; the people thereof arc a part of the American na tion ; every citizen owes paramount allegiance to the Constitution and Government of the United States, and no law or ordinance of this State in contravention or subversion thereof can or shall ever have any binding force. .. i Aaron Alpeoria Bradley, negro, moved the following, which was adopted as a substitute for section 2: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and resident in this State, are hereby declared citizens of this State, and no law shall be made or enforced which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citi zens of the United States or of this State, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of its laws. Section 35 was taken up and as amended was adopted. It is as follows: Section 35. No lottery shall be authorized or sale of lottery tickets allowed iu this State. The Convention took up the reports of the Committee on Relief, arid the reports of the majority and minority were read. But an adjournment took place without adopting either.' Whenever either is adopted wo Will give it in full, ns, also, tliu Bill of Rights entire, as soon as it is printed. That Row. Our readers may not have understood the allusion in our telegraph column yesterday, about General Canby sending police officers to keep order in the Sooth Carolina Conven tion. The apparent necessity of tho case arose from an attack made by £. W. M. Mackey upon Roswell T. Logan, Esq., the assistant Editor of the Mercury. A feir days since, just after the adjournment of tbe Con vention, young Mackey approached and in quired : “Are you the writer ot tho article in the Charleston Mercury concerning my father?” Mr. Logan replied, “I am.” We quote from the Charleston News: “Then,” said Mackey, drawing back with a curse, “take that,” aud delivered a blow. Mr. Logan threw up his arm as a fence and struck back, and at the same moment was -seized by one or two persons nearest to him. Mackey, being more powerful, id though the attempt was also made to hold him by Mr. Whittemore aud others, was uot so easily restrained, and he succeeded in striking aud kicking once or twice; but only one blow took eflect, and that was upon the forehead ut the an-aulted party. By this time—in less than a minnte—delegates, white aud black, wero pitching lrantically forward towards tho reporters’ table aud scene oi aflray, and iu the pressure of tho crowd which followed, Mr. Logan, held in the arms of F. J. Moses, Jr. (wliito),' ot Sumter, was forced down the hall, nearly to the middle, and against one of t£c win- dows. Tm: excitement now became intense.— Cries were heard, “kill him”—cut the villain’s throat”—"throw him out ot the window.” “No! let him alone”—“the dignity ol the Convention is at stake”—"don’t let him be hurt”—“keep back” —“keep back”—“order”—“bands Off,” etc. Mr. Moses meanwhile still clasped Mr. Logan, aud de clared that if “any man struck the reporter they would have to striko him,” doing all that lay in his powerto qneil the now fairiy aronsed passions Of tbo crowd. At this juncture, tbe President of the Convention pnslicd his way through the crowd —{it is said with a horsewhip in his hand, which was taken lrom him by some of the colored dele gates, but the writer saw nothing of this}—and while Logan was thus surrounded by forty or tifiy persons, standing on tables, chain?, and tilling every space that could be occupied by a human body, Dr.’ Mackey opened “battery” on him, and as iu old lady would say, gave him “a piece of his mind.” He said he did not held him responsible tor his abuse so much as thepersous who employed him; that he was engaged in a mean, contemptible aud dirty business, and that ifany retribution was California and Southern Immigrants. REQUEST FOR INFORMATION BY J. A. STANLY. REPLY OF DR. AS1IE—SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY. ITS SOIL CLIMATE ADVANTAGES FOR FARMING—COST OF A WHEAT FARM—PROF ITS OF A WHEAT CROF—ESTIMATE OF RE CEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES F U B L I C SCHOOLS. From the Alta California.] San Francisco, Dec. 1, 1867. Dr. D. P. Ashe—Dear Srn: I bare many inquiries from friends in the South touching the prospects which would attend them in coming to this State to settle. I am desirous of furnishing them with re liable information, and, knowing that you have, for a number of years past, been closely identified with the agricultural interests of California, and presuming upon your well known sympathies for those in whose behalf I write, I beg that you will communicate to me all such information regarding farming in California as you think will interest our friends in the South who arc trying to find homes in a more favored section of our coun try. Yours, truly, ’ John A. Stanly To Dr. R. P. Ashe. His total expenditures amounts to —...$3,350 With this he is ready to commence opera tions in October. One mbit with the six horses and gang plow can break up, sow anti harrow in 300 acres of wheat. If this ialmr is hired it will cost from $30 to $10 per month, or a total of $120. It will cost $100 to feed the horses while putting in the crop, and $20 for new plow points or repairs to old ones, aud $150 lor the seed wheat fur 300 acres. His wheat is now seeded at an ex pense of $390; bis horses arc turned into a psstare at a trifling cost and they take care of themselves until they are needed at har vest, and the fanner has no further expense to incur ns to his farm until the wheat is ripe in June. Ho can then, by furnishing the con tractor with the use of his (the farmer's) horses and wagon, contract to have his wheat harvested and stacked for $1 per acre, and to be meted out, it belonged to' those who paid i thro-lied at 10 cents per bushel, him Ills salary to come there and defame the char- Tbe „ ra ; n | ias neYer been WOl'th less than actors of members ot tlio Convention, etc. ! r ,, During this U(ldrc33, which occupied perhaps ! 6o cents per hushi I. iu it comes from tie two minutes, tbo excitement within’ the bar thr .-her, and it the farmer will sack it and amopg tho momaers or tbe Convention and with- j cun hold it during the Summer gnu Full, he out among tho colored spectators, many of whom ] C au solely calculate upon 9C Cents pi rbushel, climbed over the bar, reached a dangerous pitch. ; prides enough over that amount to pay for Stockton, Cal., Dec. 18, 1867. John A. Stanly, Esq.—Dear Sir: In reply to your inquiry, I take great pleasure in giv ing you, for the information of our friends in the South, such facts in relation to the farm ing interests ot California as I possess. I have been engaged in actual farming ope rations in this State for the past sixteen years —the facts and figures I shall give you are such as liavo been drawn from my own expe rience, and wherever there may be a doubt upon any question, I shall so calculate as to throw that doubt against the farmer. Our triends in the South must remember that whero not otherwise stated, all figures I may state represent so much gold and silver coin—the precious metals being tbe only cur rency wc have in California. The arable lands immediately around the city of San Francisco, and within a few hours travel of that metropolis, are cut up into small farms—are highly improved as orchards, vineyards, market gardens, etc., and com mand a high price per acre—$20 to $100.— These lands are out of the question lor im migrants. In the valley of the San Joaquin, where I reside, there are now from 300,000 to 400,000 acres of rich prairie lands uncultivated. These lands are situated on, or in the imme diate vicinity of, the San Joaquin river. This river is navigable to Stockton, and for some distance above it, at all seasons of the year, and these lands cau be reached from San Francisco by steamboat and wagon, in from twelve to fourteen hours. Part of these lands are still the property of the Government and a portion have been re duced to private ownership. According to locality and quality of soil,. these lands can be bought from individual owners at prices varying from one to five dol lars per acre. Such as is still public land can be pre-empted at $1 25 per acre in green backs, or settled upon as a homestead and title gratuitously obtained after five years’ ac tual residence. The climate of this valley is unsurpassed for comfort and healthfulness ; we have no cold weather, and but little of what is known in the South a3 warm weather. Tho only change in our seasons is from the wet to the dry—tho former commencing generally in October or November, and' continuing until April. During this period wc have no more rain than falls in North Carolina in the same months. In the Summer— that is from May to November—wc have no rain. Onr friends in tbe East will bear this last fact in mind, as it has a material influence upon farming ope rations. In harvest time we have no i'car of damage to our crop from a shower, or its des truction by a storm ; we lose no labor on ac count of rainy days; wc can dispense with barns and cribs ; our crop can remain in the field in stacks until sold, and there are many other advantages which will readily suggest themselves to any practical farmer. There is uo country in the world where a man cau live more exempt from disease than in this; there is none where he can more ra tionally enjoy-life, and I think that I can demonstrate that industry and energy can be and are as amply-rewarded for their efforts .here as in any known part of the habitable globe. Tho large tract of uncultivated land to which I have referred is fertile; it produces wheat, barley, oats ? rye, grapes, alntonds, and all kinds of fruits and garden vegetables in perfection and profusion; upon the low lands bordering upon the rivers and creeks Indian corn is raised, but wheat is the crop. To get at the practical .farming operations, we will suppose an emigrant who has the means to purchase aud settle six hundred acres of these lands; we will examine into his necessary outlay, the work he will have to.do, and his probable receipts: .Six hundred acres of land will cost him $1,500 His nccettsry building for a small family 1,000 fhx horse.- 1 , n gang-plow and harness GOO the other 300 acres arid harvest it at the same expense as for (he first year; but in addition to that, and without ploughing, seeding, or any other exitense, except the one dollar per acre for harvesting and ten cents per bushel for threshing, lie will obtain a full average crop (byway of volunteer) from the 300 acrc3 cultivated the first year; or in other words, it is not necessary to sow the seed upon the land hut once in two years—(sometimes once in three years.) The second year it seeds itself. This shows that for the second year the farm er’s net receipts arc $2,970, against $!,290 the first year. The third year he will.plough and sow tlio land cultivated the first year, and so on indefinitely. Our Eastern friends will at once argue that such a system of farming will soon exhaust the soil. They are mistaken in this. I have pursued the plan for sixteen years, and thus tar it has had no apparent damaging effect upon the land—it producing now about as well as when first cultivated. I have ntado the foregoing statement by way of illustra tion of what a man of moderate means can accomplish in farming. The poor man who settles upon 160 acress of Government land, and who is willing to work, can accomplish results in the same proportion ; while a man of more means than the moderately well off farmer, to whose situation the foregoing cal culations were made to suit, can do still bet ter than the foregoing figures were made to exhibit, and for the following reasons : The man of larger means will, instead of having his crop harvested and threshed by contract, purchase his own machinery, head ers, threshers, and do the work himself, and thereby save say 20 per cent, of those expen ses; and the rich man can always hold his crop and obtain the 90 cents per bushel, in stead of selling it for 65 cents per bushel. I have made no estimate for family expen ses; these vary so greatly, and can bo made to suit every man’s condition and means so ex actly, tbat I will only say upon this subject that a well-rcgulatated, economical family can live here on a farm for about the same cx- pense as in Virginia or North Carolina. I have purposely omitted in the foregoing esti mate to say anything about the cost ot fencing. Several neighboring ixrmen join and build an out side fence, thus rendering the immediate enclosing of the land unnecessary. The Legislature now has under consideration a projiosition—which meets with great favor and will in all probability become a law—rendering it unneessary far tann ers to build fences; in other words, making the owners of cattle responsible for any damage committed by them upon the unenclosed land of another.' Our Southern friends ought to be reminded that wo have a thorough and perfect system of public schools in California, and that tne chil dren of all can bo educated at tho public ex pense. A neighborhood is uo sooner formed than it is constituted a School District, with ample provision for the sustaining of as good a school as the neighborhood wants for ton months in tho year. Southern men, for the past few years, havo objected to the management of the schools; al leging that partisan audscc;ional political ideas and antagonisms were taught their children.— There can no longer bo any complaint upon this score. Tho schools are now under the superin tendency of the Rev. 0. P. Fitzgerald, a minister of tho Southern Methodist Church, and a South ern gentleman by birth, education, association and sympathies; and no class of our people will . hereafter havo any just cause to complain of sec tional or partisan teachings in the public schools. They should also remember that the people of California are conservative in their political views. There is a large Southern population in the State, and they and their friends are now about one half tho population. They will find no one hero to attempt to insult them, and many to take them by the hand and give them all the aid in their power. I have written only of the lands in the Valley of tbo San Joaquin, where I live, and with which I am most familiar; but there are thousands of acres of ns good land, as finely located and a3 cheap, in other parts of tho State as in the Val ley of the San Joaquin. Finally, to men of means, and men oi muscle, industry and perseverance, there can be no more invitiog country than California; but to those men who have no means, and who want to make a living by the so called respectable employments of clerking, etc., and bj’ easy work geuerully, this is uo country for them.’ The one I would advise to come and join us lu this land of brilliant premiss, the other 1 would most urgently advise to remain where they arc. I have valued the land of which I hive written at prices for which they can be bought at any time between this and tbe first of September next.— They are enhancing in value very rapidly, and I thirig l ri;-k nothing in predicting that they will command $10 per acre within the uezt three years, and still more when the Pacific Railroad is com pleted. Tho wretched condition of the people of the South—my friends and relations—has been con stantly iu my mind for the past two years. In thinking of their unfortunate condition, I have not tailed to think of at least a pe-tial remedy. I have often wished lhat I couid induce sueli as can do so to come to this country, and luve deliberated long and oirncstly upon addressing to my personal friends tuerejust’suih a communication as this. I havo no interested motive iu the exhibition of the facts herein stated or the advice herein given—I have no lands to sell; »m no speculator—and am onlv influenc.-d by u desire to be of some benefit to my race. Respccthiliv, yours, R. I\ Ashe. Returning Reason.—The New York Commercial Chronicle concludes an article as follows: 1 “But probably the most forcible reason for the speedy and efleetn.il settlement of our Southern difficulties lies iu the necessity to tbe na.iou of a revival of business. We have already referred to the effect of this stagnation upon individuals. How much more impoitaut is it to the nation at large. Our taxes, as all know, are heavy, and we believo that the people will submit to even a much heavier strain. And yet any one can see that this con tinued inactivity prolonged through another year will make it more difficult for tbenrtb do what they would. The neccssltiea'of the Government must be ust the same. It will havo tbe same in- rest to pay, and the expanses cannot tie material ly decreased so long us the St uth is under military rule. Should not these considerations lead us to put forth our irffuenee for some settlement which may do violence to none, but justice toall. And in this connection we should remember that the two great ends—rebellion put down and s'avery abol- Ulied—have been secured; that the only desire re maining in tin- lniud- o! any is the guaranteeing to the freedmen equal rights. Is it impossible to obtain this end except through several years more of strife and millitary rule?” the sacks. In my sixteen years’ experience we have hail one year ol total failures of crops. Leaf ing ont tliis ye :r anil calculating for all par-j tial failures, the lauds which I have tle^ scribed will average for the pirt sixt. en speaker had no com. ction with the nflidr,, hut that he intended to vote Conscicutious’.y on all occasions. . r to several “points ot “muddle” i manner a way he Aft roria, in g " >>nt fiin **J*ion rogues, on enough for home con- only. g himself in a very dignifiei for a messenger, bus <d stifling his confusion. After considerable discussion the Bill ot Rj,>|it.s was taki n up for consideration. Sections 21, 22 and 23 were taken np and passed with some slight alterations, and after ACtil i’iL'l lllYU IOUU1 ll tuu “‘*‘2 * -— ' - . ; , y. * the production of which they arc already fa- : me in my rights. Gentlemen, are you i miliar, and which yields to them the greatest favor of consolidation of .government ? D reward for that service which they arc best you want to inaugoratc a great centralize fitted hy their raising to perform. A liberal loan hy Congress, as Indicated, would do much to stimulate national fra ternity. An excellent machinery for loaning the money sought, may bo found at hand in the Registration Bureau of each of the rebel States. Registrars have already become fa miliar with the masses, and have the names of all registered voters of the rebel States at their command—all of whom having taken ingtoo, Jefferson and Madison? Und r tbe benign influence of this great principle we have extended our domain from tho Atlantic to the Pacific, from the lakes of the North to the Gulf of Mexico, and the imagination can not grn-p the onward march of our glorious institutions had not it been for the denial of Cries wers heard of “throw him out of tho win dow”—“out ilia heart out”—'‘kill him, it serves him right,” and tho most bitter and vengefnl hreats, indicated a disposition to commit mur der on the spot. The behavior of Mr. Logan, thus surrouuded, was moat commendable. Cairn, cool, and per fectly unquenched, lie held his tongue and wait ed for the excitement to subside. During tbir period it is but just to sny tho loaders.of tho Con vention of both races did all in their power to avei.. ... . - , preserve order and prevent what was most; We will tike the average proqucticjn ot 12 feared—bloodshed. : bushels to the acre, ntul tue lowest ptoi'uc- l liu counsel ol these parties and their a; sociates ! tj on 0 f (jj cents per bushel, and sec In w finally prevailed. It grafimiiiy stole over the 8 f an( is the farmer's account'for his year’s op- minds ol members that tho “dignity of tho Con- i ‘ . vention” was at etakc, and Mr. Logon was per- I Orations : milted to retire again,to the vicinity of the repor- j Expenses ofplannre.. . v” J,, ible. Herea pvliceman mido his- appear- | The a—nf ot) a.rc-r to the acre, nn<l in many favored sp than double these )ts th figure: Do _ _ centralized government at the Capital of the nation ? D;> v. I v, :n:t to S'll Vert this gre it ihwtrine - . tMgbt%jAof»thera^_counft 7 ,Wash mob. • At this point Dr Mackey again r-ameup, and • hearing tiro request of the representative of the , Mercury, raid that he himlclt would accompany | Mr. Logan from the hall, and afford him protec- | lion. B. F. WUlttcm ire, Hurley, J. J. Wright, Ra iilolph and others Ilkcwi-i <,tiered their escort, whereupon tho parties left the ball, harvesting of; Totr.l disbursements on his crop account.. Market value ot thccrop ..$1,290 ' Net profit This Jor the first year’s operations. Now, so far for the first year, and the farm er has only cultivated tire one half of his 000 acres of laud. 'The second year he ill sow An unfortunate day hod Joint Sim mons, of Weston, Mo. His dog killed a neighbor’s dug, which John had to pay for. John their felled a tree, which crushed and killed his dog. John then took his axe to cut a bole in':he ice to let the hogs get some water, when he broke his axe, and shortly after found two of iiis best hogs drowned in the hole he had cut. Perseverance.—“Persevere, persevere,’’ said an old lady to her maid; ‘fit’s the only way y u an m •raw.tjish.great things. ’ One dnv eight apo'o dum; lings were sent down stair- and they ail disappeared. “Sally, where are those dumplings?” “I managed to get through them, ma’am.” replied Sally. ~ “Why how on e ,rth did you manage to get through so many dumpm: •I ticrsevered. who was appointed hy Audrew JacksoD, and had been in office ever since. sgjs” The last new t •at tor a circus acrobat consists in turning double somerset over sixteen mu?' rets with ixed bayonets, the guns being fired ; ‘ the tnoi tent of tae leap. Tm: Pee 'IDKNCY.- -The Annapolis Demo- crat has rais ■ l the fla< of tbe lion. Andrew Johnson for President , and Gov. Swann for Yice-Presid*. ut of rite United States. HT A p< stmastcr died in Maine the other

Georgia Historic Newspapers

Weekly Georgia telegraph. (Macon [Ga.]) 1858-1869, February 07, 1868, Image 1