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THE TELEGRAPH.
MACON, FRIDAY, MAY 7, 1869.
Slate Fair—Committee on Funds.
Oar paper to-day contains a notice from too
Mayor, appointing a committee to raise funds
for tho Fair. It will be seen this committee ore
especially requested to meet at the Council
Chamber, next Monday afternoon, at 4 o’clock,
to digest a course of procedure. Will they
not be there—every one of them ? It is indis
pensable that this business should be taken hold
•of with resolution and energy. A good deal of
money must be raised.
The honor of Macon is at stake in making
■tbo most ample provision for a State Fair which
wffl be creditable to Georgia, and to this city as
the place of exhibition, and tho prime origina
tor of the movement. Every business man of
the town is interested in this movement.
Against Immigration.
An eminent and sagacious friend in Griffin
proposes, in a series of articles, over the signa
ture of Raleigh, to present our readers a con-
otesive argument against tho policy of encour
aging immigration to the South. We need not
tdl the reader that we differ from him very
widely on this point, but shall hear him with no
less pleasure. The Telegraph will be glad to
have its ideas corrected, if they are erroneous.
Wo want to get as near the truth as our infirmi
ties will permit. We want Georgia to lay the
foundations of her futuro prosperity in a broad
and sound policy, in sound morals, religion, in
telligence, virtue—in short, as her motto well
expresses it—in wisdom, justice, and modera
tion. Let us, then, hear and consider the rea
sons why Georgia should not hold herself open
to immigration.
The South our Only Hope.
All classes of our people have a common in
terest in the prosperity of the South. Another
season’s good crop in thatsectionof the country
wiR do more to place the nation in a condition
to resume specie payment than all the theories
of politicians or tho long-drawn-out wisdom of
Congress. Through much distress and misery
South, in spite of politicians and the blunders
of legislators, is now entering npon a new and
substantial career of prosperity that may soon
eclipse the glories of the West and North.
Tho foregoing is copied from the New York
Commercial Advertiser, a leading Republican
print When wo reflect that but three or four
four years ago the North was passing round the
hat to save tho South from starvation, wo will
better comprehend the recuperative power of
tho Southern country. Surely a wonderful
chango has taken place to lead an intelligent
Northern paper, so soon after, to pronounce this
section “the only hope of the country.” We
need not donbt onr own fntnre in the face of
such a concession—although it be founded npon
on exaggerated notion of onr financial condition
and importance. Bnt the South can be of great
use to herself and the whole country if the
North will cease compelling ns to play at som-
mcTsanl t and ground and lofty tumbling for the
gratification of Radicalism. Leave ns alone to
raise our crops and work out of onr poverty.
“Wonldn’t a l»ln Murdered of he
Hadn’t a bin cr Radical.”
• Since that little Ku-Klux game of the Radi
cal newspapers has been check-mated by proof
that Dr. Ayer was robbed and assassinated by a
negro, the disappointed Radical sheets have
but one thing to say. It is this: “Ho would
not have been murdered if ho had not been a
Radical.” This all of them say, from the New
York Tribune down. They do not care to can
vass tho evidence—they are particular to shut
.{heir eyes to all the facts in the case. The all-
sufficient answer to the testimony is, “Do yon
snpposo Dr. Ayer would have been murdered if
he bad not been a Radical?”
Well, for once we are forced to agree with
these papers. We are compelled to believe that,
if Dr. Ayer had not been a regular caiget-bag
Radical, bo might have been living this day.
Wo think if he had not been a Radical, be wonld
not have been found consorting and cohabiting
with the negroes of Jefferson county at mid
night, and tempting their cupidity by a display
of his money. He cam<? to his violent and
bloody death solely through his unworthy asso-
oiations. If he had respected himself as a white
man, ho would not have been killed by negro
associates.
Crops in Mississippi.
A subscriber in Mississippi, Cockrum’s Cross
Roads, 27th instant, writes as follows:
“ If yon wish to hear from the crops of this
county, I will say that the farmers are badly be
hind on account of continual rains. Most of
people found time to get their cbm in tho ground,
but very few in this section have planted any
cotton. What has been planted is np and looks
healthy and well. C. K.
Homicide at Barxesnille.— The Constitu
tion of Thursday leams by a passenger who ar
rived in Atlanta that morning that a white man
was lolled by a negro at Baraesville tho night
bofore. It appears that the white man was in
toxicated, and had gone into the house of the
negro. Tho negro wishing to eject him accord
ing to law, went after the Marshal, and on re
turning the negro entered first, when the white
man commenced firing on him. Tho negro pro
cured a gun and taking deliberate aim killed
the intruder.
Colonel J. S. Hctton.—The business card of
Colonel Hutton will be found among onr adver
tisements to-day. Wo understand ho leaves
Macon to-day for Europe, and will represent in
Liverpool, the house of J. H. Ashbridgo & Co.,
with New Orleans and Macon connections. Wo
-wish tho Colonel and his interesting family bon
voyage, and hope that happiness and prosperity
may attend them wherever their home may be.
'A Perfect Purge.—The iron-clad was applied
to the petit jury in tbo TJ. S. District Court of
• Savannah, in tho case of Hone vs. James River
Insurance Company, with perfect success. Ev
ery juryman left tho benches, and it was stated
that there was only one man on the entire panel
-who could take it, and he was sick at homo.
Relations with England.—There isofficial an
thority for the statement that the administration
■has not yet done anything definite regarding tho
instructions to Minister Motley for new negotia
tions for the settlement of the Alabama claims,
and the prospect is that Motley will go to Eng
land and that his instructions will follow him.
The Savannah, Skidaway and Seaboard Rail
road is to be pushed through without delay. If
- wo understand the scheme, it will transfer the
•.freighting business of Savannah down to Tybee
-and stop all drayage of through freight.
Facts fob the Lame.—I can inform any cne
ninterested of hundreds of Wheeler & Wilso
Machines of twelve years’ wear that to-day are
in better condition than one entirely new.
have often driven one of them at a speed of
eleven hundred stitches a minute. I have re
paired fifteen different kinds of sewing ma
chines, and I have found your’s to wear better
than any other. With ten years’ experience in
sewing machines of different kinds, your’s has
stood the most and the severest test for durabili
ty and simplicity. Geo. L. Clark.
LyndenviUe, N. Y.
A Georgia paper knows a man who went all
the way from Cassville to Atlanta, some thirty
odd miles. On his return ho looked solemn with
the weight of garnered wisdom, and said:
the world was as big t’other way as it was that,
ft was-a whopper 1"
-Laying
The Union Pacific Railroad
The Last Rail.
According to a dispatch from San Francisco,
large numbers of people are congregating at the
point of union between the Central and Union
Pacific Railroads to witness the laying of the
last tail of that gigantic thoroughfare.
This event, it was believed, occurred some
time yesterday, or, if not, wonld take place some
time to-day. It is certainly one worthy of spe
cial notice by tho press. It is a prodigious fact
that a line of continuous railway shonld stretch
across the North American continent near its
widest port, from Portland in the East, to San
Francisco, in the West, a distance, in round
numbers, of three thousand miles in a direct
line.
It constitutes one of the grandest of human
enterprises and will, no donbt, be attended with
extraordinary results npon the traffic and travel
and tho political, social and monetary condition
of the world. Already the newspapers have
chronicled the first auction sale of teas in
Chicago, brought from China over this road,
even before its completion ; and it is hardly
doubtful that tho route and character of most of
the East India trade will ultimately be revolu
tionized by this and other avenues of communi
cation across tho American continent.
Forecasting the not distant future, we sup
pose the more costly East India merchandise of
all sorts will seek its way to European marts
across the American continent as the nearest
route, and that, in the natural order of events,
New York, the Atlantic terminus, will become
the point of general exchange between the East
and tho West. This will make that city the
tho grand commercial and financial centre of
the world. Its port will be crowded with the
argosies of the Western world, while the Golden
Gate, at the other end, will swarm with ships
from every part of the Orient.
In this state of facts, (should it be realized,)
it is evident the whole character and relative
position of the great North American continent
wonld bo changed. Two hundred years ago
North America counted bnt little more than so
mneb space! Her trade was but an insignificant
barter with savages. She was bnt an outpost of
creation. In ten or twenty years hence—she
will be the middle-ground of the world—she
will be the commercial arbiter—the trade and
capital centre—tho grand exchange—the thor
oughfare—the market—the heart of civiliza
tion. Tho impulsive power of the world will
take its origin in North America. All the great
schemes of civilization and progress will be
matured and developed here. The old world
will, in fact, have been superseded by the new.
That the Pacific railway has been falsely lo
cated and will be insufficient to what it shonld
be, will not, in onr opinion, seriously interfere
with the culmination of these great events. The
present route will be open at least eight or nine
months in the year,and will stimulate the open
ing of new ones. A few years will witness the
completion of another, and, before long, the
Isthmus canal will connect the two oceans and
supplement the railways in tho work of central
izing trade exchanges in America. If it would
please God to give the American people a degree
of practical common sense, commensurate with
their manifest destiny, the world has never wit
nessed the like of that which wonld fall to their
lot. But the policy of Heaven seems to be
one of counterbalances and compensations. A
man or a people bom to great fortunes seem
ordinarily to be denied the virtue—the intelli
gence or the self-denial to make the most of
them.
Emigration to the South.
Editors Telegraph: The inviting of emi
grants, whether native or foreign, to onr South
ern States, seems now the policy of onr press
and our Legislature. About eight years ago we
were so convinced that we could not live longer
in peace with the Northern people that we en
tered upon t revolution in order to break the
Federal ties that bound us to them. Now, after
a most desolating civil war, waged npon the
part of the North, in a manner we declared un
civilized and barbarous; before the graves have
grown green over our fallen dead, we are mov
ing heaven and earth, by the press and public
meetings and legislative action, urging and
pressing their people to come in onr midst, form
our communities, occupy our lands, inhabit onr
houses and make part and parcel of onr social
circles. This change, tome, seems strange and
inexplicable.
In all probability I shall be denounced as an
unreconstructed rebel in the views I propose to
present on this subject. The epithet has no
terror for me. I propose to present some rea
sons why I think that the South ought to bo con
tent with her own people, her own progress and
her own civilization, and why I think this policy
of inviting emigration either from the North or
Europe, will, ere this generation shall pass,
prove a Pandora’s Box of unmitigated woes to
ns aid onr posterity.
The fair and inviting climate and soil of the
Sonth has for many years been enviously coveted
by onr neighbors at tho North. The institution
of negro slavery here was tho great obstacle to
the emigration of the humbler classes to this fa
vored region. The planter of the South owned
his own field labor, bis artisans: and, as it was
cheap, the Northern laborer or artisan could not
compete with it. Hence he had to remain in a cli
mate more inhospitable—on a soil more sterile.
Their exclusion from these inviting regions was
tho germ of opposition to slavery, which, fanned
and nurtured by fanaticism, has culminated in
its overthrow. The field, it is true, is now open
to him; bnt still bo lingers and hesitates to
come—and why ? In his inmost heart he feels
and knows his section have brought upon us,
canselessly and wantonly, ruin and poverty. lie
feels that tho Southern people have reason to
complain, and feel toward them otherwise than
kindly; hence, he knows that his reception can
not be cordial. These things he knows, not only
from the character and conduct of the war just
waged, but from the despotic and unconstitu
tional war waged upon ns, a crushed and bleed
ing people, since the contest dosed.
And onr Northern neighbors are too shrewd
judges of human nature not to understand tho
feelings of tho Southern peoplo, and hence,
notwithstanding invitations through the press
and Legislature, we find them coming slowly—
hesitating—doubting—almost afraid to venture
among a people whom, in their hearts, they feel
have so few causes to love them.
I am glad it is so, Mr. Editor. I don’t want
emigration hero, either from the North or Eu
rope—not that this springs from opposition to
either as a peoplo, bnt because I love my State,
its people, its laws (except some of recent origin,)
and I am satisfied, and believe I can demonstrate,
with your permission, in my futuro numbers,
that it is tho true interest of Georgia and
the South to keep her lands for the children of
her own soil—to keep her morals pure her re
ligion unaffected, by the infidelity now so prev
alent both in the North and Europe.
Griffin, Go. Ralehih.
Concerning “hollering” in meeting, Aunt
Judy, an old colored woman, said to one of her
sisters: “ 'Taint do rale grace, honey : ’taint do
sure glory. You hollers too loud. When yon
gits de dove in your heart and de Lamb on vonr
bosom, you’ll feel as ef you was in dat stable at
Beth’Ihem, and de blessed virgin had let yon
hab de sleepin’ baby to hold.”
An Odd Fish.—The Mobile Tribune says that
Miller, recently appointed Collector of that port,
swallowed an American flag during the war, and
while in the act of taking a bath on one occas
ion, with the sun shining full dpon his trans
lucent body, he was taken for a barber’s pole,
and a man went to him to get shaved.
A German Song.
translated from the german, fob the macon
telegraph.
0, pine tree! -O, pine troo, how faithful thy long
leaves are!
Thou’it green not only in summer time,
But likewise through winter’s snow mid rime—
0, pine tree! O, pine tree, how faithful thy long
leaves are!
O, maiden! O, maiden, how false thy heart and
soul are!
You swore, in prosperous days to be true,
Now I am poor, and your love you rue—
O, maiden! O, maiden, how false thy heart and
soul aro!
The nightingale, the nightingale tak’st thou for
thine example;
Remains she while summer laughs so long,
In autumn hies away with her song.
The nightingale, tho nightingale, tak’st thou for
thine example.
A brook of the vale, a brook of the vale mirrors
thy falseness truly! (
Only with falling showers it flows,
In drouth, how soon it exhausts its stores!
A brook in the vale, a brook in tho vale mirrors
thy falseness truly!
The Real Tennessee Kn Klnx.
The Knoxville Press and Herald narrates, in
a column or more, tho exploits of tho real Ten
nessee Kn Klux, giving names and dates. These
exploits consist mainly in beating Methodist
preachers. They occurred in Blount county,
East Tennessee.
Exploit No. 1 is as follows:
Rev. Henry 0. Neal, a devoted young minis
ter of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South,
while faithfully pursning his calling and endea
voring to do his Master’s service, was cruelly
set upon by on armed mob of ruffians in Blount
county, stripped, tied to a tree and mercilessly
beaten with hickory withes until his blood flow
ed down upon the ground. The offence of Mr.
Neal was that he. did not heed the “warnings”
given to him under the authority of the league!,
that he would not be permitted to preach the
gospel in that county.
No. 2 is narrated more particularly in this
“On Saturday, 25th inst., Rev. Jacob Smith
had an appointment to preach to his congrega
tion at Sir. Peter Brakebill’s school house, on
Little River, two and a half miles from Logan’s
Chapel, (the scene of the former mob) and about
ten miles from Knoxville. As we learn the facts
from persons living in the vicinity and some of
whom were eye-witnesses of part of the trans
action, as Sir. Smith was approaching his place
for preaching, on horseback, he was met by a
mob, most of whom wore armed, who assaulted
him in the most brutal manner, accompanying
their demonstrations by ruffianly oaths and
threats to take his life.
The party, as onr informant states, was head
ed by Captain Jo Greer, with Elias Goddard,
Clerk and Slaster of tho Chancery Court of
Blount county, Mitchell Davis, young Brown,
(son of “Parson" Brown, of Maryville,) young
Boyd, (whose father lives on Nail’s Creek,) and
a considerable number of negroes. They first
attacked the horse, which they knocked down
once or twice with clubs. They then assaulted
Mr. Smith, beating him over tho bead and
body with clubs and the but ends of their pis
tols, offering to him in the meantime the gross
est indignities. Becoming fearful of discovery,
they then took him back about half a mile
into the woods and having compelled him to dis
mount, they stripped him to Ms shirt and pro
ceeded to beat Mm with clubs and switches until
he was well-nigh exhausted.
the congregation to the rescue.
Some persons happening to pass by, hearing
and seeing what was going on, hastened to the
school-house, where the congregation was gath
ering, and made report of the outrage. A squad
of citizens started immediately to his relief, bnt
did not arrive in time to overtake the ruffians.
They met Mr. Smith in the road, near the place
where he had been cruelly beaten. He was quite
faint and bore many marks of Ms savage treat
ment Notwithstanding Ms feeble condition, he
insisted on being conducted to his appointed
place for preaching. He and Ms friends pro
ceeded to the school-house, and, though suffer
ing greatly with Ms wounds and bruises, he
preached his intended sermon on * ‘the immortal
ity of the Soul,” without referring in Ms dis
course to the outrage from wMch he had just es
caped. He became too faint to finish entirely
bis sermon, bnt gave way, caUing npon a church
brother to conclude the exercises with prayer.
He had to be assisted from the stand to a neigh
boring house.
WARNED TO LEAVE.
■Where the mobbers went to, after finisMng
their beating, onr informants do not state, but
they were evidently satisfied that Mr. Smith
would not be able to fill Ms appointment. Find
ing, however, that he had preached to his con
gregation, they were MgMy incensed, and with
additional recruits (among them the former
Sheriff of the county)went to the house of Alex
ander Kennedy, Sr., who had assisted Mr. S. in
his religious exercises and with oaths a»d
threatenings of vengeance, told him they had
resolved that Mr. S. must not attempt to preach
in that county any more—that the loyal people
intend to have tilings their own way, and that
there had been enough “rebel” preacMng there
to suit tho loyal people.
The Illinois Press to the Jlobilians.
The Register, for a conple of issues, has been
filled with contributions from the sojourning
Western editors of every character—compli
mentary-admonitory—consolatory—condolato
ry—conciliatory—didactic, and what not. Here
are two samples from as many editresses of the
party:
We, of the old North, are charmed with your
beautiful city, imbedded as it is in flowers—a
city, too, filled, with a hospitable, generous-
hearted people, To say we admire the latter
does not half express what wo feel for you. You
have welcomed us to your homes and hearts.
The attention and kindness we have received at
your hands, wo can never, never forget, and, for
one. I can truly say, the few days spent in your
beautiful city have been among the happiest of
my lifo, and I can only offer the fervent wish
that somo day (not far distant) we, the ladies of
the “Illinois Press Association,” may have the
opportunity of reciprocating these many acts of
kindness. Come to onr Northwestern homes,
ladies of Mobile, and yon shall be welcomed to
our hearts and homes as yon have welcomed us.
We long to grasp your hands, and show you
somo of the beauties of our own loved North.
We long to prove to you that, although we be
long to a colder dime, our hearts are as warm as
yours. We trust ere long to have the privilege
of greeting and welcoming you to onr beautiful
cities as you have greeted and welcomed vs.
Mrs. J. R. Robinson, of CMcago, wrote that.
“F.” tho dear little dove, says:
Language fails when wo attempt to tell you
how much wo admire your beautiful city, and
how pleased and grateful wo aro for the'many
attentions received at your hands during our
sojourn among you. From our Northern
homo—destitute alike of leaf or flower—wo
And ourselves transported to such scenes of
loveliness and beauty as we never dreamed.
Dear friends, the tines have fallen to you in a
delightful portion of God’s heritage, and while
we rejoice with you in the possession of homes
in this favored city of roses and beauty, we re
joice for ourselves that onr eyes have been
permitted to look npon a scene of sneb fascinat
ing loveliness.
Crops In Spaulding.
The Middle Georgian, of Friday, says:
Onr country friends inform ns that farming
opera tionsare progressing with rapidity. In
some localities the com has received the first
plowing and hoing, and is very fine. We have
not as yet heard any complaint as to bad stands.
In some communities the cotton crop is very
nearly ready for the sweep and the hoe, while
in others, cotton seed have not been planted,
owing to the recent rains. If the cotton crop
meets with no disaster in this section the cotton
receipts of the present year will exceed those of
any year since the manumission of slavery; and
onr prediction is founded on the fact that the
majority of planters in this part of the State are
taking more pains in the preparation of their
lands than they are wont to do, and nsing fer
tilizers without stint.
We are glad to know that a considerable area
of the fanning land in tMs vicinity has been
planted in com and small grain. The wheat
crop is very promising.
Brownlow is doing his best to distract the
Radicals. He takes an active part- in the execu
tive sessions, and attacks Grant, the Cabinet
officers, and the Senators, indiscriminately.
LIFE ON A GUANO ISLAND.
How the Guano Traffic is Conducted—Descrip
tion of Baker's Island—Its Flora and its
Fauna—How Ships are Moored to the Sand
banks—Sharks and Cannibals.
From the JY. Y. Timesii
Baker’s Island, )
Pacific Ocean, Friday, Jan. 15,1SGD. j
For eight months I have been a voluntary ex
ile from society, and for two months of this
time literally 'imprisoned in the centre of this
vast Pacific Ocean, npon this sterile but not in
hospitable spot of sand. I cry out at the ocean,
but with different emotions from those of Xen
ophon’s Ten Thousand, when they first caught
sight of the sea.
Eight weeks ago the last vessel of tho guano
fleet, the brigantine Josephine, sailed away for
Honolulu, taking the laborers and tho Superin
tendent of the island, and leaving me with one
faithful Kanaka to perform the lonely duty of
guarding the property until the re-opening of
the busy season in May or June.
Passing whalers sometimes tie to in the offing
and if the surf is not too furious, put off a boat
and come ashore, supplying at present our only
means of communicating with the world.
But let me give somo account of the great in
dustry carried on npon this remote patch of
bably more correct estimate than the larger one.
But the American Guano Company, who still
actively work tMs mine of wealth, sMppingfrom
a hundred to one hundred and fifty tons daily
during about seven months of the year, are fast
reducing its amount. • , :
LOADING up.
The method of transferring this animal wealth
from its native bed to the hold of the sMp is as
follows: A railway track laid from the shore
inlAndto some rich field. Here the guano is
shoveled into stout canvas bags, wMch are then
drawn on cars by mules or by the Kanakas to
the landing-place at the shore. In its transit
over the track the car passes over one of Fair
banks’ scales, and its weight is accurately ascer
tained.
At the beach, each guano bag, weighing about
a hundred pounds, is placed on the back of an
athletic Kanaka, who bears it to the whale boat,
wMch is drawn up sufficiently far upon the beach
to escape the power of the snrf. In smooth
weather each boat will carry about a ton, but
when the day is rough the load has to be re
duced. While the boat is loading the crew
stand np to their waists in tho water, holding
its head directly towards the surf, wMch beats
furiously upon the beach, and wonld otherwise
strike the side of the boat and swamp it. When
sand-covered reef,_and describe the habits and £*• -ady,. the boat-steerer gives the order;
manner of lifo of its human and brate inhabi
tants, its seafaring visitors, its colony of labor
ers, its flora and its fauna.
In various parts of the intertropical Pacific
Ocean, rising but littlo above the crest of tho
huge breakers that threaten to overwhelm
them, tittle sandy islets have been discovered,
each man gives the boat a powerful shove,
jumps in, seizes Ms oar, throws it into its row-
lock, and “gives way” with all his might. The
deeply-laden craft, sunk in the water almost to
its gunwales, cuts through tho breaking surf,
wMch threatens to swamp it, and, to the wonder
of the spectator, escapes into the open sea. Ar-
whifiha,. become - important to tho civilized **™i“
world as fomisMng that highly-valuable fertili
zer known to commerce as guano. These islands
are the bleeding ground of countless myriads of
sea birds, wMchbavo been the prqprietors of
tho soil from time immemorial.
Baker’s Island is one of these. It is situated
in latitude 0° O'' 15" N., longitude 176° 22'30" W.
from Greenwich, and is, therefore, withinn a
quarter of a mile of the Equator. It was dis
covered about the year 1818, by an American oase
sea Captain, whose name it bears. In 1856 it
became th
Company, ,, , , _
United States sMp St Mary’s, Conjupfmdei;
Chas. H. -Davis. Previous to its coming into
the possession of its present owners, it was oc
casionally visited by sMps, chiefly sperm-whal
ers, that frequent these waters. A weather
beaten piece of timber, firmly planted in the
ground, and bearing a rude but secure letter
box, still stands, tike a beacon, upon the most
prominent part of the island. For many years
it served as a seaport office—a sort of news ex
change or station, where passing vessels left
papers, letters and log-books, and thus received,
now and then, crumbs of intelligence from the
great world from wMchthey had been so long
shut out
Not far from the postoffice box we find a single
human grave, the resting-place of a sailor. His
comrades, true to the human instinct wMch hesi
tates to commit its dead to the sMfting tides of
ocean, have laid over Mm even more than the
classic handful of sand, as if to keep his soul
from being driven from pillar to post in tho
world of spirits.
The greatest elevation of tMs island above the
sea level is about tMrty feet, and its extreme
length about a mile and a quarter. Standingon
the deck of the vessel, as you approach the spot
where the island should be, you see a dazzling
crest of gray sand, wreathed in a frostwork of
breakers. The low outlines of the island, with
its single framed house, and the flagstaff, upon
wMch you soon see the Stars and Stripes of the
Union, remind yon of a rakish monitor with its
turret. Tho air above tho island is alive with
birds, wMch swarm like tho flies of Egypt’s
plague; and as you near the shore you hear,
above the sound of the ocean, their discordant
din, wMch is to echo in your ears by day and
night as long as you remain upon the island.
Baker’s Islandis saucer-shaped, being elevated
at the edges and depressed in the centre.
It is barricaded on all sides by a coral reef,
wMch stretches out into the ocean and breaks
the force of the incoming waves so that tMs
frail sandwork is not swept away by the storms.
Outside of the reef tho downward trend of the
island under water is so abrupt that an anchor
will not grapple, but falls away toward the bot
tom of the deep ocean. For this reason it has
been found necessary to anchor large can-buoys
outside the reef, to wMch the guano chips can
moor themselves while receiving their cargoes.
priate tackling, over the side of tho vessel, and
emptied into the hold.
These patient, hardy, dark-skinned Kanakas
who dig and handle the guano, and ply the toil
some oar through boiling snrf from sunrise to
sunset, under the glare of an equatorial sun, are
natives of the Hawaiian Islands, and are a re
markable race of people. Even such of them
os come to tho island the wasted victims of dis-
soon develop, under the influence of
system and regularity in food, sleep and labor,
cables. One of these cables attaches the buoy
to a large sheet anchor: the other passes from
the shore along the bottom to the anchor, and
prevents it from sliding down the steep declivity
into unfathomable depths.
The island itself is of coral formation. It is
a low reef, covered with sand, broken shells and
fragments of coral, and has enough soil to sup
port a stunted vegetation.. This consists of a
coarse grass, used for thatching huts; a hardy;
succulent species of parsely (Apium petroselin-
um); a woody bush with pretty yellow flowers,
called by tho Hawaiians i-ii-ma ; a plant which
has a tuberous root, resembling the four-o’clock
and that serves to fatten a colony of mbits, and
a vine bearing fragrant yellow flowers and trou
blesome thorns that are shaped tike caltrops.
For seven or eight months in the year the
trade wind blows steadily from tho southeast,
and the island can then be approached by ves
sels, and a landing effected with comparative
safety on its western or leeward side. But dur
ing the rest of the year the winds ore variable
and tempestuous, and the surf rages with such
violence as “ ' ■ v - *—**■— 1
moke landing, ^
going craft the whaleboat, not only hazardous,
but impossible. During this period, from No
vember to March or April, the island is lashed
by an angry and incessant snrf, which-even
changes the contour of its coasts, wearing away
portions of tho sand beach from one side of the
island, and building it np at other points. But
this change is only temporary. The usual out
line of the island is restored when the winds
return to the southeast, their customary sum
mer quarter. During these months the island
is inaccessible. All operations are suspended,
proprietors and laborers sail away together, and
the desolate spot reverts for a time to the un
disputed dominion of the shrieking sea fowL
Baker’s Island i3 distant about 1900 miles S.
8. W. from Honolulu, in the Hawaiian Islands,
and about 2500 miles west from the coast of Pe-
tho foaming 'crest of the breakers, yon would
tMnk you were gazing on a band of tawny gla
diators. They live in tents or cabins on the
island, and are supplied each day with an abun
dant ration of meat, an articlo of Hawaiian
food called po-i, which is an excellent anti
scorbutic, and a gallon of fresh water—for there
aro no springs of water on the island, and, as in
Venice, drinking water is imported in casks.
They are also allowed hard bread and molasses,
and occasionally a plug of tobacco, their choicest
luxury. In addition to this, they have the op
portunity of replenishing their larder with
fresh eggs and succulent young birds—a luxu
rious diet.
SHARKS AND CANNIBALS.
On Sunday, no unnecessary work is done on
the island, for the natives have been taught to
observe the day. They are, however, allowed
to take a boat and go a flsMng to the shoals upon
tho north side of the island, where fish are gen
erally to be obtained in large quantities. Fre
quently a boat will return, after four or five
hours, laden with fish of remarkable size and
beauty, some of them weigMng fifty or sixty
pounds apiece. These fish are all taken with
the hook. The bait used is the flesh of the birds
of the island.
The color of one variety of these fish is as
bright and beautiful a red as that of the gold
fish. But it a greater treat to watch them swim
ming in their natural element, over beds of
3now-wMte coral, than to eat them, as their es
culent qualities do not fulfill the promise of
their beauty. Like songless birds of gaudy plu
mage, they satisfy no sense but that of sight.
The ocean in this latitude is the haunt of a
race of murderous sharks, who swarm about a sMp
with greedy and persistent devotion. These
sharks are, by hereditary proclivity, man-eaters;
and the wMte man who comes within their
reach is snapped at in an instant by a score of
ravenous mouths. Bat, strange to say, a dark-
skinned Polynesian will swim about in their
midst and rarely bo molested. I have seen a na
tive of the Hawaiian Islands fearlessly jump from
the bow of the ship into the midst of a “school” of
these fellows, swim, with the end of a tine in
month, to one of the buoys, and return to the
vessel uninjured.
Whether there is a sort, of Freemasonry be-
Each buoy is made fast by means of two iron tween the sharks and the Kanakas, or whether
the tastes of the shark are too fastidious, and not
sufficiently cannibal to relish cannibal flesh, has
not been satisfactorily explained. But the shark
and tho Kanaka aro on the friendliest terms im
aginable.
The fiying-fish abounds in these waters. ‘When
pursued by the aolpMn, their foe, whole schools
of them may frequently be seen to leap out of
the water and fly for several hundred yards,
skimming along quite near tho surface, and now
and then gaining new velocity by striking tho
crest of a wave with their long, ray-like, pecto
ral fins. But this beautiful fish has enemies in
the air as well as in the sea, and frequently its
aerial flight is cut short by some fleet sea-bird
that is ever on tho alert to seize its prey.
THE feathered inhabitants.
Amongtho cMef objects of interest onBaker’s
Island to a visitor are the birds; and they are
well worth study. The sea-fowl aro at all times
a noisy set, but at night, wMle the older ones
engaged in the quarrels of love-making, and the
young are complaining ovortheir scanty rations,
sraous, anu tne sun rages wim sucu the Babe j of their cbattering ia destructive to
is sometimes, for weeks together, to ; tbo gi ee p of .one unused to such disturbance,
mg, even m hat most perfect of sea- During tho. first night of my stay on tMs for-
Baker’s Island may be divided into two classes
—those wMch make an honest living, and those
wMch are robbers. The gannet stands at the
head of the respectable birds, and is a thrifty
and honest citizen of the air.
The representative of the tMevish class is the
frigate-pelican, or man-of-war hawk, (tachypetes
aquilus.) This bird has a dense.plumage of
gloomy black, a tight, wiry body, that seems
made for fleetness, and wings of even greater
spread than the gannet’e. Its tail is deeply
forked, its hill is long, sharp and viciously
hooked. Audubon regards the frigate-bird as
superior perhaps, in power of flight, to any oth
er. It never dives into the ocean after fish, but
will sometimes catch them while they are leap
ing out of the water to escape pursuit. It is of
ten content to glut itself with the dead fish that
float on the water, bnt it depends mostly for a
subsistence, upon robbing other birds. It is
interesting to watch them thus occupied.
As evening comes on, these pirates may be
seen lying in wait abont the island for the return
of the heavily laden fishing birds. The smaller
ones they easily overtake, and compel them to
disgorge their spiols; bnt to waylay and levy
black-mail npon those powerful galleons, the
gannets, is an acMevement requiring strategy
and address. As the richly-laden gannet ap
proaches the coast of his island home, he lifts
himself to a great height, and steadily oars him
self along with his mighty pinions, until he sees
his native sands extending in dazzling wMteness
below. Now sloping downward in his flight, he
descends with incredible velocity. In a moment
more he will be safe with his affectionate mate
who is awaiting Mr return to the nest
Bat all this time he is watched by the keen
eye of the man-of-war hawk, who has stationed
himself so as to intercept the gannet in his swift
course.
With the qiuckness of thought tho hawk darts
upon him, and, not daring to attack boldly in
front, he plucks him by tho tail and threatens to
upset Mm, or he seizes him at the back of his
neck and lashes him with his long wings. When
the poor gannet, who cannot manoeuvre so
quickly as Ms opponent, finds himself pursued,
he tries to buy Ms ransom by surrendering a
portion of bis fishy cargo, which the hawk,
swooping down, catches before it has had time
to reach earth. If there is but one hawk this
maybe a sufficient toll, but if the unwieldly gan
net is set npon by a number of these pirates, he
utters a cry of real terror and woe, and, rushing
through the air with a sound like a rocket, in
Ms rapid descent, he seeks to alight on the near
est point of land, well knowing that when once
he has a footing or terra fimia not oven the
man-of-war hawk dare come near him.
The man-of-war hawk is provided about its
neck and chest with a dilatable sack, of a blood-
red color, wMch it seems to be able to inflate at
pleasure. On calm days, about noon, when the
trade wind lulls, giving place to a sea-breeze
that-gently fans the torrid island, these .tight,
feathery birds may sometimes be seen at an im
mense height balancing themselves for whole
hours without apparent motion on their out
stretched vans.
Whether they aro able to increase their spe
cific levity by inflating their pouches with a gas
lighter than tho atmosphere, or whether they
aro sustained by tho uprising column of heated
air that comes in on all sides from the ocean,
is a question I am unable to answer. WMle
floating thus, this bird has its pouch puffed out
about its neck, giving it the same appearance
as though it had its throat mnfiied in red flannel.
The most unique and novel bird on the island
is the tropic-bird or marlin-spike (Phaeton pheer
nicurus.)
Its uings aro long and its flight very rapid.
It is distinguished by two slender, tapering
feathers, of rare beantv, wMch project tike a
long steering-oar from its wedge-shaped tail.
I cannot resist the temptation of alluding to
one other bird that abounds here. It is the
Mother Carey’s chicken—(Thalassidroma Wd-
sonii)—an ocean butterfly—the pet and favorite
of every true sailor. TMs bird is about the
size of a cMmney swallow. Its pretty ways
and seemingly innocent affectations, are enough
to win the heart of almost any one. The society
and study of these birds is not without inspira
tion.
A Carious Letter—Louis Napoleon’s
Own Story of His Escape from the
Fortress of Ham in 1S46.
•During the. first night of my stay
lorn spot, it' seemed at times as if the house
were besieged by innumerable tom-cats; then
the tumult resembled the suppressed bleating
of goats, and I beard noises rs of bats grind
ing their teeth in rage; again it was the quer
ulous cooing of doves, and soon the chorns was
strengthened by unearthly screams, as of ghouls
and demons in mortal agony. Bnt on going
forth into the darkness to learn the cause of tMs
infernal serenade.'all was apparently calm and
serene, and. the radiant constellation of the
Southern Cross, .with tho neighboring clouds of
Magellan, looked mo peacefully in the face,
while, from another quarter in the heavens, the
Pleiads shed their “sweet influence” over the
feoene. ' ■ •
The following is a translation of a Mthorto
unpublished letter written by Louis Napoleon
just after Ms escape from the Fortress of Ham
to the editor of a newspaper to wMch ho had
contributed during Ms imprisonment. In a
certain poverty and awkwardness of diction it
is faithful to the original, wMch was evidently
not intended for publication:
My Dear Mr. Degeorge : The desire of once
more seeing my father in tMs life has made me
attempt the boldest undertaking that I have ever
attempted, and for which I needed more firm
ness and courage than at Strasbourg and Bou
logne, for I was resolved not to endure the
ridicnle that fastens on those who aie arrested
under a disguise, and a failure would have been
no longer endurable. But to come to the parti
culars of my escape.
You know the ford was guarded by four hun
dred men, who furnished a daily guard of sixty
soldiers, who were on duty within and without
tho fort. Furthermore, tho door of the prison
was guarded by three jailors, two of whom were
always on duty. It was necessary, therefore,
in the first place, to pass before them, then to
traverse all the inner court before the windows
of the commandment; having reached there it
was necessary to pass through the gate where
were an orderly and a sergeant, a gate-keeper, a
sentinel and finally a host of thirty men.
Not having been willing to establish any com
munication (with a corruptible jailor or so) a
disguise was, of course, necessary. Now as sev
eral rooms of the building I inhabited were un
dergoing repairs, it was easy to take the cos
tume of a workman. My good and faithful
Charles Thelin procured a blouse and wooden
shoes. I cut off my mustache and took a board
on my shoulders.
Monday morning I saw tho workmen come in
at 6J- o’clock. "When they were at work Charles
took some drink to them in a room,- so as to get
them out of my way; ho was also to call one
keeper up stairs, while Doctor was talking with
the others.
1 Meanwhile, I was hardly out of my room
when I was accosted by a workman who fol
lowed me, taking me for one of Ms comrades;
The voyage from tho port of Honolulu
Baker's Island occupies from three to four weeks, i t}! 0 ’q a y"
Vessels in P>™g this voyage have to pass . Bvi i av of the birds range on tireless
through the ‘‘Doldrums” a belt of ocean, north g ^ c * er le * of o6oan in | ue stof fish,
of the Equator, wMch abounds in calms vana- But b s ’ tm tho nu ° bor of tboS0 ’ that Remain about
bio winds, sudden squalls and ram-stormy It ■ ^ island is . ^ grea t as to defy imputation,
is not an uncommon thing for vessels in this , an das you passthrough their haunts, in some
region to find themselves surrounded by water-1 lhces ' ^ e y^ e iu s | cll clouds as actually to
spouts—immense, funnel-shaped cyhndera of the air abava-you. : fQ . - -■
Btoj.M.qttltt, X. ft. influence « tho; S Si tS£t
“SrfnTfSf?• „_ „ . : Those of a bird called the nu-c-ko are the most
The Doldrums, save at certain seasons of luei * ^ - mA - j SftnitSw word, derir-
the year, do not extend so far south as Baker a , , w ■ * ■ ■ a V.
Jiunnu iho ormffc Ur, from ftecry of thi$ restless creature, and as
SlgJS&gS; S? -PEm ft It <4 the Hnweito, -be 1»T. quid:
rains during the incutation. ' ' fti
The vessels employed in carrying tho guano other birds, and does not waste so much of its
aro mostly first-class. clippers of large tonnage; timo in drpning and crooning,and love-making.
The manceavrO of bringing a sMp of 2,000tons; Yotit isnotundomestiejn.its habits.. While
gracefully and accurately to one of the buoys, the father is engaged in the business of the is-
and securely mooring hcr to it, is a delicate op- land, providing for the wants of the family by
oration in seamanship. ■ Many an experienced fishing, tho mother is ever, hovering near her
sea captain, while his ship isluffed up into tho half-iledged young, now [inviting them to try
wind,_ her sails all quivering like the wings of a their wings in flight, and now hustling them out
sea-bird about to alight, and when the buoy is of sight under sono clump of brown grass, and
almost under thetipof the bow-spnt, lias be- teaching them to tie close in order to escape ob-
come alarmed at the sight of tho frightful reef serration.
for wMch his ship is making, and has given, an • I— „_i .. .
instant too soon, the order, “ Back the foretop-' not make ifs homo on tho
soil J” Consequently, falling off to leeward, he V* fMrjfcijBJe near-
lias been obliged to spend whole days in beating . ltS b8 i* W
up tho windward against an opposing current °ol° r to 1 P® arl y y e ‘
to regain the ground which Ms overcaution had ambling, that .of «pon wMoh it makes
lost—an accident wMch seems the type of larger escape detection,
failures, when the miscalculation or infirmity of “?*» approaches it rises on the
a moment defeats the end of a life-long pur- Storing its shrffi, peculiar, cry of “nu-e-
pogg & “ . ko! nu-e-ko! , and leaves its egg or its young to
THE GUANO deposits. > toe tender mercy of the intruder. As it spurns
• tho ground it shows its throat, breast and wings,
The guano deposit covers the central part of lined with sheeny feathers, that glint in the sun
Baker’s Island, andforms a layer from six inches [ like flakes of silver, while it whirls and curvets
to three feet thick. It is a gray-brown powder, in the air. The bird is plain in its tastes, and
withont smell or any offensive property. In this j for a nest is content with a Bimple hollow,
respect it differs very greatly from the Chincha scooped out of the sand, the wannth of wMch
Island guano, wMch has a Mghly anmioniacal assists in the incubation of its speckled ogg.
odor. TMs difference in quality is to be ex- Tho gannet (aula bassana) is a bird ofgreat
ik.t it.. : jJj L ' , mi . Ah. ”
plained by two facts; first, that the Chincha
guano is deposited in layers of immense depth;
and, secondly, that at these islands it rarely or
never rains—while at Baker's Island rain falls
with considerable regularity at the changes of
the moon; a fact wMch I commend to toe at
tention of those who deny the moon’s influence
upon too weather. Thus the free ammonia is
thoroughly washed out of tho guano of Baker*s
Island, while it is retained in that of the CMn-
chas. This natural process of deodorization,
however, but slightly affects the fertilizing prop
erties of the guano.
Estimates of toe amount of guano on Baker’s
Island differ. The Mgbestta over 8,000,000 tons though it May be'scores of hsagHers away.
3AUAAU UIUC1, AUU iilgUvuli AD \J VOA ' SjUWfVW HJlln
-toe lowest about 250,000 tons, and this ia pro
power and beauty. The color ! of the grown
bird is wMte, with’ wings that are tipped with
black. It has a long, sharp'beak, winch is ser
rated and slightly curved at the end, ft 1 formid
able weapon of attack as well as of defence. Its
wings are.of immense strength, and when folly
spread, they span about saven feet from tip to
tip. In their fishing expeditions they range for
hundreds of miles from their nesting places,
and late in toe day, sMps in mid-ocean often
see long files of them returning home tike heavy
laden treasure-vessels speeding fo- port. This
sight is regarded by seamen as a sure indication
that land lies in the direction of their flight,
In regard to. moral character, the birds of
ways holding the board between myself and the
sentinel, and those whom I met.
AY ken passing before the first sentinel, I let
fall my pipe, bnt I stopped to pick up tho pieces.
Then I met toe officer of the guard, but he was
reading a letter and did not notice me. Tho
soldiers of too post at the gate seemed to won
der at my dress; toe drummer, in particular,
turned several times to look.
*' Meanwhile toe orderlies opened tho door and
I found myself outside the fortress; there I met
.two workmen, who were coming toward me, and
looked at me attentively. I then turned the
board oh their side,but they appeared so inquisi
tive that I thought I could not escape them,
when I heard them exclaim. ; ■ ; ■
“Oh! It isBerthond’”
Once on toe outside, I walked rapidly toward
the Saint Quentin road.
; A little later Charles, who had engaged a car
riage for Mmself the preceding day, over-took
me, and we reached Saint Quentin.
I passed through toe town on foot, after tak
ing off my blou-:e.
Charles had procured a post-carriage, under
pretense of going to the races at Cambrai. We
reached Valenciennes without difficutly, where
I took the railway.
I had obtained a Belgian passport, but it has
nowhere been asked for. During this time.
Conneau, always so devoted, remained in prison,
and gave out that I was ill, ¥io as to give me
time to reach the frontier.
'I hope he will hot have been ill-treated; that
would be, as you may snpposo, a great grief
for me.
But, my dear Mr. Degeorge, if I experienced
a lively sentiment of joy when I found myself
outside toe fortress, I was very sadly impressed
on passing the frontier ; the certainty that the
Government would not set me at liberty unless
I consented to dishonor myself, was necessary
to deoide me to qnit France : finally, it was ne
cessary that I should be urged to this step by
toe desire of trying all means to console my
father in his old age.
Adieu, my dear Mr. Degeorge. Although
free, I feel myself very unfortunate. Be as
sured of my warm friendship, and, if you can,
try to be useful to my good Conneau.
Lours Napoleon.
. General Wilson.—As the many friends (!) of
this gentleman, in Georgia and Alabama, says
toe Sun, who have so long lost sight of him in
Ms banishment to the Northwestern frontiers,
may be curious to learn bis whereabouts, we in
sert the only item of inteligence that we have
seen for years regardinghim. It is taken from
a WasMngton dispatch; By direction of the Sec
retary of War, General Wilson, now stationed at
Keokuk, Iowa, has bean ordered to Washington,
on duty aectod''wtth' thi iMpwytathwa «
Rock Island Bftykta, tax the ICMiwppi riw.
Grass Culture In the Sonth,
Editors Southern Cultivator: In the Marrt
number of toe Southern Planter and Farmer^
Virginia farmer, who bears the . revered nam &
of Washington, (John WasMngton,) says: “jv*
greatest blunder committed by Eastern Vircm/
farmers, is their neglecting to raise hay-la-!
hay—many of them. To save fodder‘d u,!'
usual way with Mred labor, as a remuncratr'
feed is impossible.” Sooner or later, all SontiT
em farmers will see and acknowledge ft
“blunder” of attempting to pull by hand cor^
blades enough to feed working stock, cows oir.
ing milk, young cattle, and keep them in aio
condition. Such fodder costs at least five titm,
more per thousand pounds, than to raise a mb
tore of orchard grass and clover hay, as recom
mended by Washington to Virginia fanners
He sows a bushel of orchard grass seed, and -
gallon of clover seed on an acre with oats ir
March—the ground manured and properly ent
tivated. As his instructive article head*!
“Orchard Grass,” will fill not over a page j a
Sonthem Cultivator, I hope to see the artie’ 6
copied. He says, “orchard grass will s^and the
invasion of broom-straw, if yon will practice «
tittle patience, and not suffer it to be grai-j
until it has formed a sod. Then yon can 11 hrn
it, except with hogs or toe plow.”
As additional evidence of the tenacity wift
which tMs grass holds toe ground, I may r-'
mark, that eighteen years ago, when in chare
of toe Agricultural Department at Washington'
I seeded an orchard with orchard grass, in ftl
District of Columbia, on a farm bought for n.
perimental purposes, wMch has yielded good
crops ever since, without re-seeding, as my^-,-
informs me, who lives on toe farm. EeoentJ,
while visiting my son, I noticed a little sedjl
in toe grass, but not enough to injure the kav
I have raised orchard grass with equal safe,
faction in Georgia, and I feel that I canno-
render Southern agriculture better service
than to commend it to the attention of all who
would rejoice to see our section commands
larger profit with loss labor on tho farm.
A few days since wMle in Knoxville, I saw farm,
ers selling com from flat-boats at sixty cents ■
bushel, and hay from wagons at twenty-five dol.
lars a ton. At these prices, a fanner receives
$1 25 per 100 lbs. of hay, and $1 20 for 108 ik.
shelled com. Now I can raise 1,000 pounds o'
hay as easily as 100 pounds of com; while the
hay trill bring twelve times more money the;
toe com, on my farm. These facts indies:-
very clearly toe excess of com culture in Ter!
nessee, and the deficiency of grass culture. The
Southern mind olings to traditional practices arl
errors with a force that notoing apparently car
overcome. A single horse will cut five acres ot
grass in a day, yielding 15,000 or 20,000 lbs. cl
good hay: worth from $150 to $200. Compare
pulling fodder by lazy negroes with this havir;
operation ? A single horse will rake and pitch
toe hay on five acres in less than a day. Labor
saving machinery is moro needed in onr agri
culture than anything else, to compensate ir
part for toe loss of slaves. More farmers mast
raise grass, horses and mules, or many will find
working stock too scarce and high for them to
purchase. The correspondent of the Cincinnati
Commercial, who visited Mr. Dickson’s planta.
tion, reports that while 150 freedmen produced
less cotton than 60 slaves, they destroyed or in-
jnred working stock five fold more thanwhea
Mr. D. owned toe laborers as well as mules that
tilled his ground. • This consumption of live
horse flesh is a new and important agricultof
fact.
To enhance toe price of mules, is to breed
moro mares to Jacks, end thereby diminish the
number of breeding mares raised in all mttle
raising districts. Hence, bosh horses and mnk
will inevitably become scarce in toe South; fo:
our breeding stock is steadily becoming less,
simply because we raise mules instead of breed
ing animals. AVhen toe million rush into cotton
growing and at once over-work and under-feed
mules and horses, prudent men will quietly bn;
brood mares, sow grass seed and clover, and
produce horso flesh in the cheapest manner.
Grass culture and stock-raising require ven
little labor, save all fields from washing, ic-
prove land, give sure crops and large profit
Southern farmers plough too much surface, an
every way overdo tillage, as though it was the
beginning, middle andendof all goodhusbandr;.
Grass fields that last eighteen years, as demon
strated by the experience of toe writer, will gin
excellent beef, mutton and bacon, (toe last dmi-
tioned is made on buttermilk and clover) m2
give wool and all farm stock, and a plenty of
manure for raising wheat, and all needful grain.
Eighty acres in meadow and pasture to firenty
under the plow is abont a fair proportion. In
place of tMs self-sustaing system of husbandry
and tillage, onr farmers put eighty acres in com.
cotton, or other tilled crop, and have no whit
man’s grass sown on the farm, but rest it is
weed’s, sedge, briars, and sassafras bushes, so
far as it is not cultivated. No income is realize]
from perennial grass, because they look to the
plow and hoe for all money crops. 'Will not
money from plants that grow ten or twenty
years with no use of plow or hoe be as accept
able as that derivedfromwearingoutonralreai;
impoverished plantations ? The fanner vfc
raises grass, stock and provisions, and plows tat
little, needs but few work animals, his b!s ;-
smith bills are small, Ms expenses for labor m
also small, while his income and independent
are abont as sure as toe certainty that ramvl
trill fall and grass grow.
. D. Lel
Lima Beans.
All will agree that there is no bean grown r I
all to compare with toe Lima, especially wMl
eaten green, but even as a winter bean. Usee 1
in the winter it is different from all others fwo I
toe fact that it is nearly equal in quality to whr I
it is in its green state. Bnt all may not be* I
that it is the most difficult of beans to raise, fcl
principal enemy is a wet spring. It is of I
large a size and infirm that when planted, if th I
weather is moist, it becomes soaked through is I
rots, sometimes even after it has sprouted -I
not unfrequently happens that t-.vo undent I
three plantings are necessary, and the crop ^I
afterward. Sometimes a hot, dry Augusts:-1
derstoe vines barren; sometimes heavy rri‘I
just at toe period of inflorescence will “do fe I
them. I
Tho best mode to raise Lima beans snaff I
fuliy is to select a dry spot for the bed. p-^J
the poles firmly, elevate tho hills, andsetej
seed perpendicularly just under the surface. 2 s I
greasing the seed with lard or butter. H® I
soil is rich and not too wet, toe chances are t “ i I
a good crop will be toe result . . I
But to insure a good orop as nearly as d® I
be done, plant the beans in a shallow h« r -*J
with toe best soil abont one inch each wsf.)*. I
about too middle or 20to of April, place thett-1
in a hot-bed, or in a sunny window cf a GI
stantly heated room of a house, and stari 1
plants there. When toe period arrives for|
planting—that is, when the time of L
frost is over set them carefully out by tfe I
taking as much earth with them,
moist to adhere, as possible, make a to' f I
a round pointed stick of suitable size, and ® I
up toe earth and press gently. Should a I
threaten, cover with old papers, straw orW-1
too former being too best, as it is easier to o* I
age; makes less dirt and can be saved for f®r I
occasions. A few clods will keep the papeG |
ering in its place. w I
But this should be what might be I
early crop of Limas. Tho second crop » I
be planted in tho usnal way, and fromit®* 1
it would rarely happen that enough for
and Winter use—in ease the plot of g^\. 1
large enough—would not be secured.—t> erc I
town. Telegraph, ..r
Disgusted Fatriotg—A General J #,r |
all*tic Row.
From the New York Cburier.] ^ w
What does toe Sun mean by telling V, I
ries of Mrs. Senator Sprague, nee Kate t ^ I
and Mrs. Lincoto, nee Todd; and how the , i
coM woman spoiled too “ late lamented s I
sMrt-front and tore out his whiskers l f ecaa ^ f ;.|
“ Sainted LinooM” wanted to go to Katej
It's very funny. Hore’s Dana sun^l
ding ? It’s very funny, uumo
up scandal against Washington women, I
np all sorts of old back-stairs talk 8lK)Ui ^ I
sweetly virtuous and mild mannered womait ■
Lincoln, and taking a sly Mt at ci-devant ^ ■
Chase; and here’s Greeley firing
Washington men and saying, thank God- W p ar |
bune can live without pap, and has seen ten\ ■
dents flourish and fade, and walk up
way with none ao poor to do them reven^j
when they were nothing but ax-President.
that when Grant, in bis turn, ceases to be J■
boots in office, and nobody bnt a very snMrigJ
Presidential potato, the Tribune wifi co I
to wave o’er the land of toe taxed and to*: I
of the slave, (the word white being
broke ? Whose apple cart’s upset ?
hasn’t the immortal Grant" ap» v 'intea r :l
Obi
left out in the oold?
Greeley queer, heap
make publio spec tad
where the sene ir: but get l ™ >*v.
and cover it. ftdontlookweBtoe«ey0a : f