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. .< ■.t * f 'Q <-> i _ ■ < r..-feSftyy?g?-gaFt "*# t“ * . ^; * , . - fA-V;''" ." ■ ■’•- v'" '• ^ The Greorgia "Weekly Telegraph.. THE TELEGRAPH. MACON FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 1869. Editorial Correspondence. IHE TUNNEL—THE RATT.BOAD — CHATTANOOGA. — BITEB IMPROVEMENTS—A SERENADE—SPEECHES AND SO ON. Chattanooga, August 26, 1869. Dear Telegraph : I left you or rather you left mo at the great Tunnel. This subteranean pas sage under tne mountain is, not to be particular, about fifteen hundred feet long,and to gentlemen and ladies, it seemed particularly long on this occasion. If you ever had occasion to write in a railway train you will have remembered some difficulty in the process. It is slow and labori ous in the last degree, and when your manu script is accomplished, it resembles Chinese hie- Toglyphics or the tracks of spring chickens in a dough-pan. This writer has tried every car in the train and come to the conclusion that the sleeping car was less abrupt in its tremors and joltings, andthe best adapted to writing. Accordingly he was sitting well-nigh solus in the massive and elegant sleeping car, when we entered the tun nel. Directly was heard, as if of the caving of stones and dirt, a frightful fuss in the profound darkness. But this tunnel is arched—how can it cave? The next minute came another shock and an awful caving. The question then arose «« to the proper sensations _of-being burned alive. How doth it become a man to feel, en trapped in the bowels of the earth with a sleep ing car for his coffin and a grand old mountain for his tumulus ? Still wo moved and slowly we crawled along through that dark and dreary abyss. Never did a tunnel seem so long and when we emerged, the solution of the difficulty was found in the fact that every one of onr ten ventilators of sheet iron had been crushed down to the roof of the cars and had been forced scraping and grinding through that long, dark aperture. We reached Chattanooga between four and five o’clock in the afternoon, after n pleasant day’s ride. The Western and Atlantic Road is in fine order, though Col. Halbert says we are fifty years behind the North in railway art. Not so bad as that, Colonel, since the enormous development of railway interests in America is all the work of only forty years, or thereaboats. Still, we have been slack, and behind the times, and Hulbert is making a bold effort to catch up with them. One of his appliances we saw at the Etowah bridge—a machine for crashing stone for road ballast. Masses of stone a foot square are crushed like an egg shell between the jaws of this monster—the fragments fall upon a platform car, and are carried off to so lidify and permanently establish the road bed. The plan is to perfect the road wherever it be comes necessary to lay new iron, and thus, in time, the whole route will be placed in first- rate condition. Georgia was awfully victim ized in the original surveys of this line. It is twice as crooked as it need be, and, it is alleged, was located mainly with an eye to profits, in ex tensive curves and bridges. Engineers, how ever, say that it will take thirty years of the savings resulting from a correction of the line to pay for the expense. Chattanooga now boasts of six to eight thou sand people and is sanguine about her future. Colonel Gow is removing obstructions in the river below the city and has tremendous ma. ohinery for the purpose. Masses of rock weigh ing fifteen tons, are dislodged and carried away. 'When his work is finished, the Muscle Shoals will remain the only obstruction, and a good deal of work has been done there which may be util ized by an other appropriation. Eighty-three feet are here to be overcome with nine locks, and when this is done Chattanooga is in full communication with the whole river system of the West. At night, the Mayor, Conncil and people turned out to serenade the Georgia Press. Your hnmblo servant, exhausted by two nights with out sleep, was ensoonced in a berth of the sleep- sg car, bat from an open window, listened to speeches from Mayor Mcllvaine, Varney Gas- kill, Esq., Mayor Hulsey, of Atlanta, Mr.James, member of the Legislature elect from Hamilton county, Fitch, of the Griffin Star, Herbert Fiel der, of Randolph, Judge Parrott, Peter Zinn, of Cinninnati, and others. They had a gay and festive night of it. Low water foils onr trip to the iron works. Oar destination, to-day, is some to the coal mines—some to Lookout Mountain and some to Wills Valley. I am for the the coalmines since wo are in the line of minerals just now. track, with an aggregate descent of eight hnn- > Abont Crops, dred feet, the coal is damped from a high trestle An intelligent planter from Hancock cotmty, into the waiting cars, and carried off to market. The delivery amounts from. 160 to two hnndred tons per day. The ascent to the month of the mines is accomplished in four snccesive stages, by a four foot track, and cars drawn by ropes made of steel wire. In some cases this track rises at an angle of forty-five degrees, and passes over ravines which make the head swim. Mountain peaks snrronnd yon, which are re moved from the perpendicular not very slightly. As one of the advanced party I reached the end of the first station jnst as the hands passed to dinner, and, learning that it would be an hour before they started again, we clambered out of the coal boxes a begrimmed spectacle. Onr par ty then concluded to foot it, and after a severe who has used fertilizers for years, gives it as his opinion that, for the first time in his experience, they will fail to pay this year. He has lately traveled from here to Atlanta, thence tg Augus ta and back to Macon throngh Middle Georgia. He reports crops generally bad. In Green tolerably good. In Hancock we will allow his statement as to his own to give an idea of the whole. He had four hnndred and fifty acres in cotton. In July there was the finest prospect he had ever seen—counted confidently on the 300 bales. His sights are set now for only 150 bales. One half cut off since July. He thinks the country generally will hardly make a bale to six acres planted. As to manured cotton it had CHATTANOOGA SCENERT — A ROLLING MILL—THE EXCURSION BUN INTO THE GROUND. Nashville and Chattanooga R. R.,\ August 26, I860. ) We left Chattanooga at 7 o’clock this mornings and two miles ontof the city stopped at the rolling mills of Messrs. S. B. Lowe Jk Co. This establishment is a large wooden strnctnre, cov ering more than an acre, and is a maze of gi gantic machinery. It is driven by an engine of about one hundred horse power with a pon derous fly wheel of thirty feet diameter. It runs a long series of rollers, puddling furnaces, about twenty-five forges and a great deal of the para phernalia of the machine shops—planing ma chines, lathes and so on. The work is almost exclusively for railways, and the most of the iron used is prepared from the pig metal. By the process of puddling the pig metal becomes maleable iron and, in connection, with ordi nary scrap iron, is faggoted, heated to a white heat, and passed through the successive rollers rill a great mass of two feet by eight square is reduced to the dimensions necessary for bolts, rods,screws, bars, axletrees and all the va rious forms of iron used in the construction of cars, bridges and so on. I think they also make Tails. About a hundred and fifty men people these realms of Pinto, and, with the mercury outside at a temperature little short of a hundred, pur sue their fiery occupation like imps of Tartarus. Tracks bearing the burning semi-molton fag gots are flying back and forth at a run—the constant shouts of “out of the way, gentle men”—the clatter of machinery—the ringing of hammers and cold chisels—the sputter and hiss of the fiery scintillations from the rolling fag gots, sporting like so many little meteors with their luminous trails athwart the gloomy space— and the doleful ham of the fans daring the fur nace and forge fires make np a scene more stirring than attractive. I was pleased to learn that the proprietor, • who had been heavily victimized by the loss of several establishments daring the war, was do ing well and making money. It is interesting, in snob a place, to see how iron can be cut np with the apparent ease of wood or even softer material. Great shears chip np solid bars and plates of this unyielding metal, with/ the ease with which the housewife clips cotton cloth With scissors. The Nfcsbvillo and Chattanooga mines lead ont from the latter place amid some, of the grandest scenery in the. country. It winds rdond the base of Lookout Mountain, and amid lofty and precipitous peaks, which proclaim in solemn and silent majesty the in significance of man, with all his knoweledge, en ergy and power. At the base of Racoon Mountain, about four teen miles from Chattanooga, we back down a sideling, and find ourselves at' the coal depot at the .Etna Mining Company. Here at the Wad of a mil* and a half length of a»<xu tem grown far ahead of that nnmanured in July, but struggle of half an hour or more, not including the latter has now caught up with it in size of several halts, reached the end of onr journey, weed, and rains at this time might cause it to wet as fish—panting and blowing. There were make a little more with a late fall, whilst they seven of ns in this advance guard, and as soon would cause manured cotton to take on a new as the miners returned to their labor, we fol- and rapid growth, which always fail to make lowed them. ! anything. In Putnam county and several parts There are two entrances or adits to these Hancock there have been some rains mines, following generally, divergent courses, ' which were beneficial to those localities. Com though crossing each other once. These adits crops in these places rather better that last are supported for fifty feet throngh a course of j year- soil, slate and shale, with plank and heavy timj ! Hardeman & Sparks.—'This old, reliable and bers. Beyond this, the passage is throngh the popular cotton warehouse and commission firm, naked coal stratum and slate, and is, say, five again tender their services to their numerous feet wide and four to six feet high. Nothing can j planting friends, throngh our advertising be more glorious than these subterranean vaults.columns this morning. In connection with their Tho mi-clue vuus buys leading the way with their j advertisement we received from them the fol- feeble torch-lights stuck in the front of their lowing: caps, were half the time invisible owing to their j Editors Telegraph .-—Will you give notice distance and the circuitous nature of the drift, throngh your paper that, in addition to the pre- The unequal height of the passage gave yon an r ^ urus offered by the Executive Committee at , .. ° ., ... . the approaching State Fair, we will give the fol- emphatio thump of the cocoannt every few feet. ; Iow jng, either in plate or currency, as may be I brought np the rear and was soon lost in the { desired: distance and darkness profound. The mud was Best 10 Bales Upland Cotton $G0 00 deep, the walls slimy, the darkness total, and, to ! Best 5 Bales Upland Cotton 30 00 add to the embarrassments of the situation, the • coal-car would soon be running, and, without a 1 ? B a J es L °ug Staple from green seed 40 00 na. Woman is man’s equal—she thinks—she .. ... .. . .. . . ® est 1 Bale Long Staple from green seed 10 00 loves and sympathizes with him in the sweetest light to avail myself of the retreats by which the , The cotton to be delivered at onr warehouse ‘ ' ‘ ‘ “ ” foot-passenger could get out of the way, I would ; to be transported to and from the Fair Grounds stand a chance to be run over. The tempera- j by ns free of charge. ture, in the meantime, had become very cool, so ! Five judges will be selected, one from each of tut m, clothe, wet. vety chilly, ..a I j glad to see a light approaching from the front. ! up0 n and award the same. It proved to be my friend of the Newnan Herald, i Respectfully, Hardeman <fc Spares. who had become sick of the trip and bribed a Papers friendly to the planting interest and boy miner to help him back. I was glad JJ, 00 ”° f the Fair ’ wiU P leaso to follow suit, and so I cannot say that I saw the head of the mine. Thisadit was half a mile long,and I did not pen- Cotton Supply. Tho Boston Post, of the 24th, in an article etrate more than half that distance. Those who n P° n tte above subject, compares this year went throngh say that at the end it branches off J the J' ear 1859, and speaks of it thus: into numerous leads or chambers, in each of! “The cotton season of 1859, just ten years v- v r - . . ... ago, was singularly like the present one, so far. which a little gang of miners were at work, with ! L b ate in planting; backward in its start; good their pick-axes and shovels, filling small iron j weather, and “even-ing-np” by rapid growth in cars—each drawn .by a mule. As excavation ! Judo and July; stories of injury by worms, progresses the iron track is extended. The long- ; (caterpillar) drought, wet, rust, etc., only in . .. , , ,. . t . spots, not general, along throngh August. That est excavation (of which I have spoken) is near- y^ r ’ and ye ^ r we ° e alike, also, in mak- Iy throngh the mountain and these mines are ing and securing a good bottom crop, which en- perhaps a hnndred feet below its summit— sores early supplies in market So far the They are under the administration of Milo Pratt, pereUei- That year the good autumn was fol- r, ... . .... . lowed bv a late and fine maturing season, and Esq., of Chattanooga. They produce 2000 tons ; the cro p actually saved exceeded 4,8CO,000 of coal monthly, at a cost of about §3.45 per 1 bales, (or 4,675,000 bales besides the Southern Letter from Chalybeate Springs. Chalybeate Springs—An Apology—A Woman's Letter—Our first Allegiance—Beautiful Girls —The names of the Cabins—“The Alabama House"—A Constellation — Brightest Eyes against Brightest Stars — Old Bachelors against Widows—The Attractions of the Last —Pleasant Hours and Sweetest Memories. Chalybeate Springs, Aug. 25th, 1869. Editors Telegraph:—I should have written yon earlier,bnthavinglearned my talented friend “Invalid,” would give an account of the grand ball on Tuesday night last, I preferred waiting a few days for subsequent events. The season, just now, is at its height of en. joyment, being rendered quite gay by large ad ditional arrivals on every coach, which has in creased the number of visitors to more than two hundred. I do not hesitate to state that I am a woman’s man and shall write a woman’s letter. I have often thought what sweet sentiments of love are embodied in this beautiful name. There is an indescribable feeling excited in man’s heart at the very mention of woman; yet the strict “Anglo Saxon” etymology may be rendered wo- to-man. If affliction was brought upon man by woman’s transgression, she certainly has re warded him since with heaven's own love. In the “Garden of Paradise,” the fnll power and energy of her being was first felt, as she appeared on the opposite side of a beautiful lake (of which Milton has given an incompara ble description,) “A shape within tho watering gleam appears, Bending to look on her; It started back—she started back, But pleased, it soon returned. Next to Heaven, woman claims our first allegiance—she is the counterpart of man—the object of his ambition nnd love. In her physi cal organism and intellectual combination, we realize all the enjoyments for which God created ton. They employ one hnndred and twenty-five men only forty of whom are miners. These miners are all from the North of England, and are a very hardy, virtuous, intelligent and relig ions people. They have a small village here at this elevation in the world, and carry on their church and snnday school in a most exemplary iner. Their average wages are three dollars a day. An analysis of the coal shows carbon 73 —gas 21—ashes 3.50—sulphur 71.100 and water the remainder. The manager tells me neither Tennesseeans, Georgians or negroes, can be induced to become coal miners, and, to be candid, I don’t blame them. A man must be raised to such a pursuit not to feel its horrors. Not a man of the corps editorial, who penetrated those depths pro found, but returned to daylight with a horror npon him or could have been persuaded to go back. No man accustomed to the level of the cotton region can look at the dizzy ascent to this mountain height withont a shudder, and although I suppose the danger of the visit was not great—it seemed so. The track is very rough and crooked, and the wire cable tow is made to follow its sinuosities by means of iron pulley wheels attached to the cross ties. The drag rope in ascents of forty- five degrees is not more than an inch in diameter, and, although of vast strength, seems frail. The chasms of a hnndred feet in depth are bridged with frail tressels, and instinctively a man pre fers to thread the rough and precipitous defiles to trusting himself in a coal box on snch dizzy ascents, spinning np a down sometimes with great velocity. The cars are propelled by sta tionery engines, and the wire ropes are wound np on drums. We leave at seven to-night for Rome, and shall be there, God willing, to-morrow morning. Onr trip np the Tennessee is impossible, on ac count of low water. It is a sparkling and beau tiful stream, which I shall be glad to see. Crops about here are burnt up. From Taylor County. Reynolds, Ga., August 26, 18G9. Editors Telegraph: About the middle of July we had a drought that told a sad tale. The rnst commenced on the cotton at that time and has caused it to open pretty fast, many bolls opening that were not matured; caused by the rnst and drought, therefore the lint is inferior. Most of tbe farmers will agree with me that one-half of the crop has been cut off. There has been three bales of cotton shipped from this port of the county, and a great deal open in the fields and in the gin-honses that will soon be in the market. We had a right good rain in and aronnd Reynolds, which will help backward cotton a little, bnt it came too late to do much good. Even our shade trees are dying to a fear ful extent We wonld like to have the name of thit young man that sent the fitst bale of cotton from this county. I do not suppose be would object to it, as it wonld be an honor rather than a dis credit More anon. Flint River. • Enfant Terrible.—Olive Logan tells of a terrible child at Long Branch: When the des sert comes on, he has cast aside the bill of fare, having eaten it “all the way down;” and here it is that his appetite shows itself at its most wonderful. He has a large slice of two or three kinds of pie, some pudding, some blanc mange, some trifle, two dishes of ice cream, a plate of cakes, and nuts and- raisins. Ye gods! He munches and munches—like tbe sailor's wife in “Macbeth” who had chesnnts in her lap. When he can positively eat no more, he rises. Hea vens! How many pounds has he gained since dinner ? “More nuts!’’ he gasps ont, with eyes starting from their sockets. Mamma pats him on tbe head, smiles at the assembled diners,who despise him for a little beast, as who should say, “Isn’t he a darling?” and then leads him triumphantly out. Salad.—It is said that heads of salad can be produced in winter in from twenty-four to forty- eight hours, by taking a box filled with rich earth, in which one-third part of slacked lime has been mixed, nnd watering the earth with lukewarm water; then taking lettuce seed, winch has been previously softened by soaking in strong brandy twenty-four hours, and sowing in the usual way. We are assured, bnt will not vouch for the fact, says the RhiladelpMa Ledger, tbnt a good sized head of lettuce may be obtain ed in the time mentioned. A man who owes a bill in London can now pay it in four hours by simply going to Wall street and purchasing a document known as a “cable transfer,” a device bora of the great Atlantic telegraph enterprise, whereby the equivalent of the money which he gives in New York will be immediately daliycred tolas creditor inLon don. consumption.) The laboring force was able to save so much by reason of the large picking to the hand, which conld be done eany. Already we have the same reports this year from all tho cotton States. The great difference is, these complaints for August this year are not spotted but very gen eral, and we suppose, without a doubt, tbe dam age in a few weeks to cotton has been unprece dented. We give below the summing np of the Post as to estimated crop. We think our peo ple will (regard themselves fortunate now to get 2,000,000 bales this year: To sum up, we have The crops of States, Va. to Ala., as in 1867-8...1,3G2,127 Add 20 per cent 272,425 The Miss. Valley crop, 1868-9 1,150,000 Add 25 per cent. 287,500 1,634,552 1,437,500 Texas estimated as safe. 300,000 say 250,000 Total 3,322,052 Tbe Illinois 51. E. Conference Have resolved to make a jubilee of the close of this, the 50th year of Rev. Peter Cartwright, D. D.’s labors as a Presiding Elder. The occasion will be at the next meeting of that Conference, at Lincoln, Illinois, on the 24th of September. He is spoken of as follows: The career of Dr. Cartwright has been one of the most remarkable and erentfnl known in tbe great west No man west of the mountains, has secured such a wide-spread fame. There is scarcely a town, village, or city, within the bor ders of this great republic, where the name of Peter Cartwright is not familiar; and, indeed, his* fame has reached other lands besides his own. He is now 84 years of ago, with a mind still active and vigorous. He has been for more than GO years an effective itinerant Methodist preacher, not having lost a single year’s labor within that long period of time. He has been a mi«i of wonderful powers of oratory, and of great logical strength of mind—a most profound theologian, a wise counselor, standing, in all times of peculiar interest, not a whit below the greatest minds of the church. His devotion to the varied interests of the church of his early choice has never abated for an hour, and, though his life has been an active one, and numerous heavy responsibilities have fallen npon him, yet now, after so long a period of public service, not a single stain rests upon bis character. As a patriot, his devotion to his country has been no less conspicuous than his fidelity to the church. The conference, honored by having among its members a man so eminently distin guished, both at borne and abroad, felt that it was due to this venerable pioneer of western civilization, while he yet lingers among us, to give, in a most imposing manner, this public demonstration in his honor. Second Georgia District. —A Washington exchange says the Collector of tbe Second Geor gia District, W. O. Morrill, of this city, is also United States Commissioner for the District, and the question has been submitted to Com missioner Delano whether he can fill both offices. The United States statutes forbid United States marshals from holding the office of commission er—nnd at least the law is considered applicable to a revenue officer—since it would be in his power to cause the arrest of parties and then try them on the charges made, authority not recog nized by the State or United States Courts. Mr. Morrill will probably resign tbe office of United States commissioner. A planter from Honston who has 400 acres in cotton, thought six weeks ago it wonld make 400 bales—now looks for eighty bales. He had manured fifty acres at the rate of four hnndred pounds of Gustin’s Ammoniated Superphos phate to the acre. It has never rusted, and is green and flourishing still. This patch may make him one and r. half bales to the acre. How unfortunate he did not manure the whole of it! Messrs. Peyton Si Co. send ns an invitation to a grand fancy dress and mask ball at Green brier White Sulphur Springs, on Tuesday, 31st inst., in honor of the press. Thank you, gen tleman ; onr Senior is on a press excursion, and we regret exceedingly the impossibility of an acceptance. The Greensboro Herald of the 2Gtk reports a glorious rain there on Monday last. Crops had suffered severely. * Some young gentlemen in this State wish to go to Cnba. If any are in that line they can be put in communication with the young men by letting us know it. In a party of ladies, on its being reported that a Capt. Silk had arrived in town, they exclaimed, with one exception, “What a name for a sol dier ! ” “The fittest name in the world for a cap- fain ^ aaMtinA^) fka witfv Anu rilL aam I and saddest hours of life’s pilgrimage. We call her beautiful, and should never speak of her otherwise. God made her beautiful, and man with muscle and strength. The blonde and brunette have reference to physical qualities— the intellectual and moral to spiritual ideas. The first may fade away; but tbe last, with the impress of divine creation, remains immortal. Now, with a hnndred of these, imagine what a little Heaven we have at Chalybeate Springs— a sky of beauty, in which each star shines re splendent—each body, a little world within it self, as each woman is a paradise to man. Her presence has made Chalybeate perfectly beauti ful The mountains look down from their blue summits on her dazzling splendor; while the stars grow dim in brightness before the light of woman’s eyes. In woman’s eyes, we see the’skies. In a previous letter, I omitted to mention, that the cabins were named in honor of our Southern Generals, cities and town. The “Ala bama House” is noted for its bright constella tion—seven beautiful stars each resplendent in her own orbit, which makes us wish: Forever Young I would like to be, To gaze until enteniity. My friend, James C. of Columbus, I must re. ally commend for his rejuvenescence. “Per- mippus Rediviuus,” of England, a distinguished teacher, formerly lived to be 120 years of age, by associations with young girls. I trust my gallant friend may attain tbnt extreme longevity. I have a great delicacy in speaking of old bache lors and I never do it,* only with the greatest re spect But, really I do think they should be placed on the sick list at Chalybeate Springs.— They seem to be losing their vitality, and as Dr. Pierce recently remarked, they should not be regarded as members of society until they be come married men. We must admit it does look a little cowardly to shrink from the matri monial complications of life. But then. bless those little widows, with their shiny feet as they move in the “quadrille” or gallop in “the Cuban.” Really they know exactly how to harness a fellow. “Invalid’s” silver-slippered one is a trump. But, in my opinion, the majes ty of form, united with charming manners, should be claimed by one of Macon’s lovely wo men. Her little daughter, just rounding into womanhood, with eyes in whioh love sits en throned, is the most bewitching creature that ever chased man’s sorrow away. I feel “that I conld live always and wonld ask not to die,” in sight of this little beauty. Macon has a noble delegation of girls at Cha lybeate ? so has Montgomery, npon whom it is sweet to look. The Misses W. are charming ladies, but I’ll be ware for fear I mention names. Enfanla has many pretty girls here, who, with their dark or hazel eyes, shed a flood of light and beanty aronnd them. Among this number is a little bmnette—youthful—Young— the perfect embodiment of modesty and loveli ness, with a smile playing on her happy face which wonld seem to say, “I have something sweet to tell yon.” We all miss onr friend Joel W., of Macon, from the Chalybeate. He left many friends here, and one sweet little friend who is as beau tiful as she is silent. The Misses B., Misses D. and T., Miss Mary I., Mis. C. and B., from Columbus, are among the galaxy of beanty at the Chalybeate. I have met the Hon. Eli Shorter, GoL R. J. Moses, nnd several other distinguished gentle men, at this place, including GoL P. W. Al exander. When earth fades away, the light of its skie3 grows dim and its grand panoply of beauty re cedes before the darkness of night, then, and Dot till then, shall the sweet memories of Chaly beate be forgotten. “ Pica ” les Belles de Cha lybeate ! Occasional. What Sleep Will Care. The cry for rest has always been louder than the cry for food. Not that it is more important, but it is often harder to get. The best rest comes from sound sleep. Of two men or women otherwise equal, tbe one who sleeps the best will be tbe most moral, healthy, and efficient. Sleep will do much to cure irritability of tem per, peevishness, uneasiness. It will cure in sanity. It will restore to vigor an over-worked brain. It will build up and make strong a weary body. It will do much to cure dyspepsia, particularly that variety known as nervous dys pepsia. It will relieve the languor and pros tration felt by consumptives. It will enre hypochondria. * It will cure the bines. It will care the headache. It will cure the heartache. It will core neuralgia. It will cure a broken spirit. It will cure sorrow. Indeed, we might make a long list of nervous maladies that sleep will cure. The cure of sleeplessness, however, is not so easy, particularly in those who carry grave re sponsibilities. Tbe habit of sleeping well is one which, if broken np for any length of time, is not easily regained. Often a severe illness, treated by powerful drags, so deranges tbe ner vous system that sleep is never sweet after it. Or, perhaps, long continued watchfulness pro duces the same effect; or hard study, or too lit tle exercise of the muscular system, or tea and whisky drinking, and tobacco using. To break up tbe habit are required: 1. A clean good bed. 2. Sufficient exercise to produce weariness, and pleasant occupation. 3. Good air, and not too warm a room. 4. Freedom from too much care. 5. A clean stomach. 6. A clear conscience. 7. Avoidance of stimnlants and narcotics. For those who are overworked, haggard, ner vous, who pass sleepless nights, we commend the adoption of snch habits as shall secure sleep, otherwise life will be short, and what there is of it sadly imperfect.—Herald of Health. Letter from Greenbrier, West Vir ginia, Springs. VISITORS—GEN. LEE—MB. PEABODY—AGRICULTU RAL meeting, etc. White Sulphur Springs, ) August 21, 1869.) Editors Telegraph : This delightful summer resort is situated in a beautiful 1 valley iu Green brier county, on the western slope of the Alle- gehany Mountains, apdis now in West Virginia. The charming scenery of tbe surrounding moun tains, tbe invigorating atmosphere, and tbe those who iisten are divided between laughter and tears—like an April day with its rain and sudden bursts of sunshine. central park. The boast and pride of New Yorkers is as yet in its infancy, having only a growth of ten years; but, as young as it is, it is large enough to defy all description of your correspondent, unless he should spend a week or two there and have all yonr columns for several issues. . The object of greatest interest there is the Croton Reservoir, containing one hnndred and six acres of water about forty-two feet deep, which, distributes the life current, through the great city. The circum ference of the Park is about eight miles, and it pleasant climate will always make this place a is intersected in every direction by beautiful favorite resort The Spring is a bold fountain bursting from tbe base of the mountain, strong ly impregnated with sulphur, and is very simi- roada for carriages, equestrians and foot passen gers—the footways, particularly, are admirable, being constructed of a compound of sand and tar, and are quite smooth and elastio. Througk- lar to onr Indian Spring water though perhaps f out the Park are thousands of delicious cozy somewhat stronger of sulphur. Tbe grounds are tastefully arranged and tbe grassy slopes and the winding walks with tbe ranges of handsome cottages are beautiful and attractive. The Hotel in the center of the grounds, is three stories high besides the base ment. The ball-room occupies one end of the little retreats for lover, which find constant use —your correspondent speaking entirely from the experience of others, of course. Saturdays the Park Commissioners famish the best music the city affords, gratis, to tbe immense throngs collected here; for Saturday evening is a general holiday which is spent by large numbers at this buildin- and the parlor the other, while the ^lightfnl place But I must leave the Park dining room, capable of seating comfortably, ' abraptly, withont so much as a parting notice of one thousand guests, is between these rooms ^ beautiful girls and many other dehghts. There are in the Hotel and cottages about seven hnndred rooms all of which, last week, were fnll to overflowing; while the floors of the par lor were covered with matrasses, the billiard room was fall and the church was full. The company here assembled is tho finest collection of people I ever saw at any watering place. Every part of the South and West is well represented, and so are New York, Phila delphia, Chicago and Baltimore. Maryland and Virginia of course are more largely represented than any other States, but among all the vast assemblage there are, so far as I know, none In lower New York, is qniet, but lively enough among the fashionable upperdom. Broadway goes to sleep, tbe rustle of busses is hushed, no load sounds greet the ear save the chiming and ringing of church bells; the pulse of the city is at rest, bnt it is the rest which follows and precedes the storm of the week before and the week to come. -PTTTT.ATygT.-PTTTt ■ Three hours carries you to the Quaker City. I might add the quaking city, for New York is taking away its commerce rapidly, and many of from New England. In the evening and after jits merchants have moved there. Its stores and each meal the parlor is crowded with visitors, j streets are idle, and people do not move with Here General Lee may bo seen quietly ming- the spirit and alacrity which characterize New ling with the company, now walking with n lady and now conversing with a gentleman.— General Beauregard is also a constant visitor of the parlor and ball-room, and being a widower is very attentive to the ladies. Besides these York. Here I had the pleasure of seeing the bell which proclaimed the birth and indepen dence of the Republic. There is a very large crack in tbe bell, but a much larger one in the independence, visible to the moral eye. Por- distinguished Generals tbre may be seen Com-: traits and relics of the good men of those hal- The Peruvian Guano Deposits.—A Lima cor respondent of the New York Herald says: The guano of the Gnanape Islands, which the Peru vian Government is now sending to market, is found to be so strongly impregnated with am monia, as the ent proceeds downward, as to ren der it nearly equal to the nsnal run of the Cbin- cha guano. The extent of the deposits is esti mated at four millions ton. Along the Southern coast the deposits are also very great and of su perior quality; but lying along the main land, the cost of shipping wonld be increased; hence, it has been determined to exhanst tbe islands first. The government has issued a decree, al lowing only such quantities of Chincha Island gnano to be exported as may be neoessary to cov er the interest of the debts contracted by Peru in England and the United States; ail other car- S oes to other ports to be of the Gnanape gnano. era, instead of mourning over the loss of her modare Manry, Col. Mosby, Gov. Wise, Gov. Aiken, of South Carolina, Gov. "Weller, of Cali fornia, Clymer, of Pennsylvania, Corcoran, the Washington Banker, and any number of Con federate Generals, Colonels, and distinguished men from all parts of the country. Among the ladies, there are many very pretty girls, and handsome matrons, andthe quantity of fine dresses and jewelry seems almost fabu lous in these times of desolation and reconstruc tion. Of tbe belles, Chicago, Memphis, Louis ville, Lynchburg and Baltimore, each furnished one or more marked for beauty and intelligence. It would not bo proper for me to follow the bad example of Northern papers and mention names; besides it wonld be invidious, and, if yonr cor respondent were not so obscure, it might be dan gerous. I may be allowed to add that Savannah, Augusta, Macon and Atlanta have all contribu ted to swell tbe tide of wit and beauty. Mr. George Peabody, the American philan- trophist, is here, but his health is feeble and he has been in the parlor only once, then he was quite overcome with fatigue, and being unable to walk to his cabin, was conveyed in a sedan chair by two servants, while General Lee, Gov. Aiken and Mr. Corcoran, tbe banker, walked by his side. This escort, altogether unpremedita ted, was a singular combination—the distin guished General, the distinguished representa tive of the Southern planters, and a distinguished banker. By tbe way, Mr. Peabody, as a mark of his respect for General Lee, has made a band- some donation to Washington College. The do nation consists of sixty tbonsand dollars in Vir ginia State Bonds which were lost in a ship in the Atlantic ocean, and is not now available; but the claim is a valid subsisting debt, and will doubtless be eventually recognized and paid. The Ohio and Chesapeake Railroad, formerly known as the Virginia Central road, has been completed ns far as this place, a distance of abont two hundred miles from Richmond. It is designed at some fntnre day to extend it to the Ohio river, bnt it will for*the present stop at I)ewisburg, the county-site of this county. In passing from Charlottesville to this point, the scenery is grand beyond description. We find ourselves gradually climbing tho ascent of the Blue Ridge, with the tall mountain on one side and the beautifully variegated valley on the other—now flitting through a dark tunnel, and now in mid air, spanning a high bridge, until we reach the Valley of Virginia, in which is sit uated the beantifnl town of Staunton. Soon after leaving Staunton, we enter the Alleghany Range, and the mind is staggerred at the im mensity of the undertaking to bnild a road over these mountains. The longest tunnel is abont one mile long, and at one point is said to be four hundred feet below tbe surface. While making the ascent of this mountain, there were at one time three locomotives attached to the train, one at each end and one in tbe middle, all puffing and straining to move the immense weight. Last week there was at this place a grjind fancy ball, bnt it has already been amply de scribed in tbe Baltimore and Richmond papers, and I need not say more than it was a grand success, especially as I did not attend it. In fact there is a grand ball every evening, and those fond of dancing have ample opportunity of indulging in the more recent round dances and square dances to their heart’s content. In order to vary the performances we had an impromptu agricultural meeting during the present week, when speeches were made by sev eral gentlemen, who it appears were all lawyers, and not agriculturists. And such is the case usually at Commercial Conventions; the speak ers are neariyalways lawyers. Speeches on this occasion were made by Mr. Barry, of Baltimore; Mr. Southerland, of Virginia; Gen. Lawton, of Georgia; Gen. Barringer, of North Carolina: and Gen. Lawler of Alabama. By the way, the crops in this State are almost ruined by an eight weeks’ drought, and East Tennessee, upon which yonr planting friends rely so much for corn, will yield bnt a poor supply of com. I sadly fear that the profits of these large cotton crops "will be mate rially diminished by the high price of provisions. Gamma. Letter from New York. New Yore, August 21, I860. Editors Telegraph : Two weeks have whirled away in the vast metropolis since Hast wrote to yon, as busy and fall of life even at this doll season of mid-summer as it is with ns at the most favorable part of the year. Broadway, the great thoroughfare, is a solid moving mass of earnest, busy-looking people, of all ages and conditions, daring tbe entire day—where even gentlemen of Inxnry and leisure catch tbe cur rent of this great throng, and find themselves hurrying on as rapidly as the busiest of them. For tbe student of human nature or character Broadway is a never-ending, ever-varying book; here we see a quick, nervous, impulsive-looking little man, whom we set down as a Frenchman; cyon days of the Republic are on tbe walk and about the rooms of this wondrous Independence Hall. By some strange. mistake portraits of Lincoln and Grant are placed in tbe same rooms with George Washington and a host of other rebels. What a shock for loyalty! It’s a won der they don’t walk out of the frames in dis gust. • southerners in new yore. Every day I meet many acquaintances from the South, but as the cool weather draws near, they are. leaving for home. Yours truly,. J. U. S.’ Circumstances Attending the Capture of President Davis. LETTER FROM HON. J. H. REGAN. Palestine, (Texas,) August 10, 1869. To the Galveston Hmcs— I find the following passages in what purports to be a speech delivered in the Convention of Texas on the Gth of January, 1869, by Judge L. D. Evans, under the heading, in large letters, “they want an empire.” “On the fall of Richmond, Jefferson Davis started the Confederate Treasury westward, de luding himself with the dream of a trans-Mis sissippi empire. . ‘Tasked his Postmaster-General, Mr. Reagan, how it was that the President of their Confed eracy should be caught with his baggage wagons in the awkward plight of being under his wife’s cloak. He informed me that Davis had left his trains, and struck for the seaboard, when, after a day’s ride, hearing that the Confederate forces had disbanded, and would probably endanger the safety of Ms family, he returned. “ I suspect that Davis feared more for the safety of his Confederate treasury, which ho hoped to get safely into Texas, where had Ma- gruder been able to keep his army together, a nucleus for the material of war would kayo en abled him to continue the struggle, The speech containing these passages was_ ex tensively circulated throngh Texas last spring, and was sent to myself and others here. I then intended to call attention to the errors in the above paragraphs, bnt in the hurry of business neglected to do so. A new batch of these speeches is now being circulated throngh the State, and I am favored with a second crop. On the first paragraph of the above, I have only to say that on the fall of Richmond Presi dent Davis did not start “deluding himself with the dream of a Trans-Mississippi empire.” He left Richmond with the hope of uniting the armies of Generals Lee and Johnston, and with tbe farther hope, after this should be done, of meet ing and defeating the armies of Generals Sheri dan and Grant before they could form a junc tion ; or, if this could not be done, of occupying the first good defensive line which might be chosen after the junction of the forces of Gen- erak Lee and Johnson. Desperate as the for tunes of war then were for the Confederacy, he had not abandoned the hope of carrying on the straggle east of the Mississippi. On the second paragraph I have to say that Mr. Davis and his Cabinet and staff officers left their baggage wagon and all their personal bag gage, except suck as eachtookfor himself in his saddle-bags, at Abbeville, South Carolina. The train which carried such supplies as were taken from that to Washington, Georgia, and what funds still remained in the Confederate Treasu ry, were under the escort of the few remaining cavalry troops. And this train went no further than the latter place. Some days after leaving Washington, Mr. Davis was captured in the Southern part of that State._ While at Danville, Virginia, he learned of the surrender of General Lee, and shortly after he left Charlotte, North Carolina, he learned of tbe surrender of General Johnston. So it is seen he was not “caught with his baggage wagons;” that he had long before known of the surrender of The armies, in that part of the Confederacy; that he had no train to return to ; and that he did not then, for the first time, learn of the dis banding of the Confederate forces as the induce ment to his return to his trains. I have not seen Judge Evans since November, 1865, and do not remember or believe that he ever asked me the question he puts in thk par agraph. And I am sure I could not have made him the answer he puts in my month, for it wonld have been untrue in fact. Mr. Davis’ family left Richmond in March, perhaps in the early part of that month. Rich mond was evacuated on the 2d of April. He did not see Ms family after they left Richmond, until a little bofore daylight on tbe 7th of May, when he, happening to hear of them, and that they were in serious danger, accompanied by a few faithful friends, bad gone to their relief. He and those friends traveled with his family that day, and camped with them that night. The next morning they separated, but from in- acurate information as to roads, were again by accident thrown together in tho evening, and camped together that night, traveled together the next day, and were captured at daylight the and have keen for some time, building a Railway. This is a novelty in transportation, the success of wMch is very donbtfnL GROWTH OF NEW YORE. With the increasing population of New York the city is necessarily extending its limits, and land lying anywhere in reaching distance is com- manding fabulous prices. On tbe North river side the Jeisey salt marshes, wMch, not many years ago were considered worthless, have been drained; artificial bottoms made- and elegant buildings erected. Communipaw Bay, next to Jersey City, is being filled np by some company chartered - for that purpose, in order, to make land for building purposes, and so rapidly is the city growing that many foreseeing men look forward to the time in a few yearn when New York and Newark, N. J., will meet each other in their growth over the seven or, eight miles that now lie between them. Nous verrons. amusements. , ; Nothing compares here now with Rip VaR HjH WjnUe, that beautiful story, of Irving's, as ren- Chinchas, is now jubilant at the unexpected . dered by that unsurpassed humorist, Mr. Jeffer- riohness of Gnanape; and the President is more ‘ son. Booth’s theatre is constantly crowded by after Mm some stont Teuton, perhaps a banker, or nmy be a vender of son, kront u.3 Isgor- JE," A.T.-BSiS enterprising and successful in Ms business,; previously seen his family after they left Rich- wbatever it may be; these mnsically-talking, J mond, there was no returning to them, olive-complexioned and dark-eyed people are ■ O® the third paragraph I have to say that T . „ Judge Evans suspicions that Mr. Davis feared Italians; and this gentlemen of very sable coun- 3 for the safety of Ms Confederate Treasu- tenance I tiiink you already recognize, who jy ^an f 0 r Ms family, is mere mental specula- forms the least item in this mighty population.'tion, without the support of facts. The Con- (now estimated at one and a half million souk.) federate treasure at WasMngton, Georgia con- 0 i sistecL as was supposed, of some eignty-nve Sambo is sometimes conspicuous, however, as I tbousand dollars in gold, some tMrty or thirty- noticed one having Ms boots polished by a fi ve thousand dollars in silver coin, about the white man on Fulton street—“Chacun a son 1 same amount in silver bullion, and between six gout." i and seven hundred thousand dollars in Confed- f-- . „ . , , . I erate Treasury notes. The silver coin was paid Btre ®^ some twenty feet .■ ^ tbe troops who were there, so much to each above and dmotly over the sidewalk, tkeyare and officer, without reference to rank, as captured in female attire, with bags of Bo u npon Mm, invented and used at first to esmt against Mm feeling* of ridicule and oontemni and now, after the lapse of nearly four yeaW revived in Texas, and pressed into service ^ tor the purpose of arousing unjust suspidoJ against former Confederates, and to be used a means of showing to the people of Texas tint they ought to divide the present State into sm, eral in order to guard against the designs »»’ tributed by Judge Evans to Mr. Daria others, at the time of the fall of Richmond, of» desire to establish a Trans-Mississippi em Di ‘ a If the facts presented by Judge Evans for thi purpose are ludicrous, what must be thouchtof his logic, and of Ms respect for the inteUm e Jj of the body he was addressing, and of the pie to whom this speech k sent ? ^ °~ In this connection I think it right for ntt to make a statemer t in justice to Mr. Davis whi h has not heretofore been, made public, as far , I know, and a part of wMch is onlv knr.rrr, Mm and myself. 0 In coming through South Carolina, he ' myself riding ahead of our company, passed G cabin on the roadside, when he asked a wom an a who was standing in the door, for a drink oftnT ter. On handing it to Mm she said, “are If President Davis V” Oh his replying in the Jr mative, she said to him, pointing to a little hT barely large enough to walk a little. “ t w 7 your namesake, we call him Jeff. Davis.” p took from Ms pocket a gold coin, apMrtJi the size of a. three dollar piece or sovereim and handing it to her told her to give it to /if’ little boy—saying to me as he rode off that tw was Ms last piece of coin, wMch he had kepts' a8ort of keepsake on account of its beLT coin seldom seen in this country. Subsequently, when in company with aerem! members of Ms Cabinet, tbe subject of their fi nances was mentioned, and their poverty wa" made, among themselves, the subject of pkssjn! amusement Mr. Davis took oat his pocket book, and counted, I think, about two hundred' and seventy dollars in Confederate tre&surv notes (then almost entirely worthless,) andsaii laughingly, that was Ms fortune in money He then added that it was a source of gratification rather than of regret that himself and nearly ail the members of his Cabinet had sacrificed their private fortunes in the struggle for tbe liberty of the people. I will aloo add that, when it was determined, after the surrender of Genera! Johnston, to transfer the field of military ope rations to the west of the Mississippi, oneof Ms Cabinet told Mr. Davis that he had money enough to take them both across that river. ‘ These facts are given to show the injustice wMch has been done to one whose hopes and thoughts and energies were all wholly dero- ted to the cause, then so dear to us, in which he was engaged: and who, amidst his all-es. grossing public duties and responsibilities, took no thought of Ms private fortune or of his per sonal safety. I am persuaded that the wise and good and honorable, even among those who thought him wrong in his support of the cause of Southern independence, and imperiled their lives in op posing Mm on the battle-field, will accord to him sincerity of convictions as to the righteousness of the cause in wMch he was engaged, integrity of purpose, and those great qualities of head and heart whioh fitted him to be the leader of a heroic people in a great straggle. I know the timo has not yet fully come forex- planations like this to be received, withont of. fence to tbe prejudices of many good people, who have only viewed Mr. Davis of late yeas as a public enemy. But I trust now, since tin cause has been forever abandoned, the generons and just will see thatT but perform a duty to one who, while he is in a distant land, is yet very dear to me and to millions of others in the United States. ■ Very respectfully. John H. Reaoix. Decisions of the Supreme Conrt ol Georgia. The following are the .only Tatb decisions of generiil interest: J. C. Thornton & Co., vs. M. E. Solomon. Wm. Frank. Assumpsit, from Twiggs. McCay, J.—The single fact, that the defend ant lost a large amount of property, by the late war without any proof, that the plaintiff was in fault, or that it was caused in any manner by Ms (the plaintiff's) Act raises no equity for die reduction of a debt contracted before said wu. Judgment reversed. "Warner, J., Concurring.—If the act of 186: allowing defendants to give in evidence the de- j struction, or loss of the property upon the faith of wMch the credit was given, and how, and it | what manner, the property was destroyed, or lost, in a suit npon all contracts for the pay. ment of money made prior to the first day of Jane, 1865 be a valid, and constitutional lav. ! and the evidence authorized by it be legal, and | competent evidence, to be submitted to the jury as a lawful defense to the plaintiff's de- 1 inand, and if the jury npon the consideration of snch evidence, shall reduce the plaintiff,s debt as to them shall appear just and equitable; then, the verdict in this case, reducing the plaintiff! debt one-half, was right tinder the evidence au thorized by the act for the consideration of the jury—and ought not to be disturbed; but, that act, in my judgment, being unconstitutional j and void, and tbe evidence authorized by it con stituting no legal or valid defense to the plaint- ff’s demand, I concur in the judgment of the I Court, in reversing the jndgment of the Conn I below. Lanier & Anderson, for plaintiff in error. S. Hunter, for defendant in error. Chas. H. Smith, administrator, et. aL, «■ I Anna E. Smith. Dower, from Floyd. I Warner, J.—Where the widow of an intestate. I elects, after a fair and public sale of hisUiAl to take an amount of money, absolutely in be: I of her dower therein, as provided by the l/t^l section of the Code. Held : That the amostl of the sale of the land, at snch public sale, ^ I ayejwfw evidence of the value thereof, ai I that the widow is entitled to have her dower ft I timated ont of the proceeds of such sale, fn*| the death of her husband and the value of tel life-estate, estimated from that time during te’ I Ufa. "•■ -y'jjl Jndgment reversed. . Thos. W. Alexander, B. H. Hill, PrintnpJ Fouche, for plaintiff in error. I Wright & Broyles, Branham, for defendant t j error. Wm. Graham vs. John McGhire, John ■ I Crim. Motion to set aside Judgment, fn*! Terrell. _ . The endorsement of a note, given for a 91**1 if the endorsement is for a valuable consi^ l tion, other than a slave, or the hire thereof--I not within that part of the Constitution of " T State, denying jmisdiction to the Courts I of to enforce a debt, the consideration of*te is a slave or the hire thereof. Judgment reversed. . Brown, O. J., concnrred as follows: Tbe pw‘ I of a promksory note" given for a slave, I a valuable consideration, wMoh was • I connected with the slave, indorsed^““r 1 . I ed the note to the plaintiff, is liable. dorsement is a new contract and the C° art .'I jurisdiction to enforce the judgment ag 3 | him on that contract. , C. B. Wooten, D. A. Yason, A. Hood/ plaintiff in error. . ..I F. M. Harper, W. A. Hawkins, for defeno^l tain,” rejoined the witty one, “for silk, can j confident than ever of being able to carry Mb those drawn there by his fame. Tragedy arid never be worsted.” * —’ — • 1 j- — — ——>*- ij*-*~ multifarious railway eoheine wo execution. msma comedy ace to wondxbnety combined ink it was too bulky and inconvenient, under tho circumstances wMch surrounded us, to be safe- lo transported to onr depositories at Bermuda, Nassau or Liverpool. For the same reason, the silver bullion was turned over to a Major Moses of tbe commissaty department, and was at Wash ington in an ordinary warehouse. The gold was placed in the hands of two officers of the Con federate navy, then there, with instructions to convey it, as soon as this coaid safely be done, to one of the depositories above named. "While in prison I saw statements in the New York pa pers that amounts of gold and silver bullion cor responding with the above had been captured by the Federal forces. Before leaving WasMng ton I directed the Acting Treasurer to bum the Confederate Treasury notes above named, in the presence of the Secretary of War, General Breckenridge and myself. Mr. Davis was captured nearly a week after this, in Southern Georgia, and therefore, Judge Evans' suspicions that he cared more for this treasure than for his family are as baseless in truth as they are unmanly and ungenerous in inference. These passages in that speech seem to have been'an awkward attempt in tMs modified form to wvtyw story el. Ifr. DaTkfrtlhg A New Invention.—Have any of onr » ' I facturers investigated the claims of a m4 u^l invented by a Tennesseean, which, if 85 seated, promises to revolutionize the p r ^ “ making cotton goods ? The Commercial tin, of Boston, thus alludes to this 10? implement: , “TMs rnacMne takes the cotton fr°® boll, and at one operation it i3 ginned, « to the cards, eto., etc., and finally coijf cans. L. T. Clements, of Smyrna. l e the inventor of tMs prodigy, only one or has yet been made—that being in success eration. He claims that its use will manufacturer to dispense with twc>tmw 9 ‘ usual number of operatives, and will r e .. cost of making goods at least 40 per cen We understand that the results of t®* vance were displayed at the late expo* j textile fabrics in Cincinnati. If b&lf as it promises, it should be made the au 1 inquiry and encouragement.—AngtlSta tutbiuilist, 25th. A gentleman from EUaville, Schley informed us yesterday that the c f°P? iJhj pretty good order, several rains ria vlD e. ]j j! during the last week, but tMnks the . cotton will be much smaller than last J Ssii- I8umter BepuUwan, ^ \ W* are pleased to state that Mr. former efficient deputy post-master urgent solicitation of" onr citizens, ®*® control of the office, the oo^cre*! use tiring to Ms former position of t ^ pt young African id^ ^s arrange*®,v factory, and wn hspe penjianent ■- gi# J)hn«8, -Yqlekita 25th. The proportion of wMte ticnof TefflMsiw * 26 - 7M *