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Tlie Greorgia ’Weekly Telegraph..
THE TELEGRAPH
MACON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1869.
?vy-
Sontlicra Wealth.
A friend jnst returned from a Northern tonr
says that the idea jnst now most deeply im
pressed on the Northern mind is. the great
wealth of the South—the rapidity with which
we, in this section, must be heaping np riches
ont of an annual cotton crop worth nearly three
hundred millions. Our friend told them, as we
believe truly, that not ten per cent, of this
money from the cotton crop is retained in the
South.
In the first place thirty-three per cent, of it
goes to the laborers—is spent by Christmas and
sent North by the merchants to pay for their
goods. Of the remainder, when "Western com
bacon, flour, hay, mules and horses and North
ern fertilizers, agricultural implements, and
goods, wares and merchandize of every descrip
tion are paid for, what is left? It makes little
difference what a man’s income is if he has cor
responding outgoes.
"We shall not begin to be rich as a community
until we gradually adopt the policy of supplying
our own necessities and keeping our means at
home. Economy is the only road to wealth.'
We must raise our own food—make our own ag
ricultural implements and diversify our indus
try generally, so that every thing we spend does
not leave our country immediately, to return no
"When A buys of B, his neighbor, who sells
supplies produced of Georgia material and
shaped by Georgia industry, the money re
mains here, and the State is the richer by the
value of tho goods created and purchased. But
if be buys of X, in Boston or New York, Georgia
loses tho money paid, offset only by the pro'
ductivo value of the goods purchased. If they
be a piano, a fine carraige, a splendid dress or
a hand-organ, the gain of productive value to
Georgia is inconsiderable. If the Northern
people think wo are getting rich very fast, let
jw not indulge the delusion. The great bulk of
our earnings is lost to us much quicker than we
mado it.
On tlie Louisville Convention.
The visiting correspondent of the Atlanta
New Era, says .-
If I mistake not the nomenclature of South
ern Commercial Convention was applied to this
body before its meeting ? If I mistake not, I
think the Northern and "Western men came
down and borrowed it, and made it a sort of a
national affair. I thought at first it was rather
a singular procedure to go all the way to New
York to hunt a man to preside over the South
ern Commercial Convention. And how I still
consider it strange that the Convention will be
held in Cincinnati. I rather like the national
feature which the thing has assumed, but
haven’t our Southern delegates ceded more than
they really counted on ? Have they not ceded
a little more than they really meant to cede ?
In other words, have they not been sold at
about half price, and that too on “long time ?"
And I would like them to tell me when it is
thought the nest Southern Commercial Conven
tion will bo held south of the Ohio river.
However, if future gatherings of this kind
are to do no more for the general trade and
commerce of the country than this has done, it
will matter but little where its meetings are
held. I really do not believe that, since the ad
journment, half the delegates understand quite
as dearly what they came here for as they did
before they came. At least, those with whom I
have spoken are not very positive about the
matter: in fact, it would not be hard to per
suade some of them to claim that they did not
come here at all—were never in Louisville and
don’t expect to be.
Louisville did splendidly for the Convention.
She opened her exchequer wide. She put on
her holiday attire. She had taken special pains
to “shine” herself np. She treated every one
who camo royally. She made special parade of
her mnsic. Sho scattered her beanty around as
thick as violets in the spring time, and she gets
her pay—in advertising. Never was a city
better puffed. Never was one the cynosure of
SO many “mind’s eyes.” Sho will get her
money back. She does not weep over the price
of her whistle. She knows she paid a big price
for it, but she blows it in such a way as to be
heard from Maine to California, and from Florida
to Oregon. To her it was a whistle of worth, and
she don’t “care a red” for expenses. She has
had what she wanted, has accomplished her aim,
and now she may sit back and enjoy the praise
that is fleeing at her even from afar off, and
gather in tho dividends upon her investment
From her increased trade. She bought notorie
ty at a high price, and will gather cents per
cent, to her intensest satisfaction. That is
what the Convention has done.
The Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel corres
pondent says:
During the morning the sidewalks of the city
were thronged with a surging mass of humanity
that rendered locomotion almost impossible,
and from every loophold and window of the
houses flags fluttered in the breeze, which, by
the way, was most confoundedly chilly. And,
now, since they are mentioned, I wish to say a
few more words on the subject of flags. Of all
the loyal cities in which I have had the misfor
tune to bo, Louisville is decidedly entitled to
the palm over them all, that is if flags and loy
alty are synonyms. It seems to me that every
store and house in the city is furnished with one
or more of these abominations ranging in size
from a pocket handkerchief to a horse blanket.
The stage in the Opera House, where the Con
vention bolds its sessions, is canopied with one,
and on every pillar, post, chandelier, crack or
crevice is stuck another. In the reading room of
the Galt House (the headquarters of the Geor
gia delegation) little Ametican flags have been
placed by Bullock in such profusion that one
almost imagines himself at the headquarters of
General of the armies instead of the room where
a crowd of rebellions Ku-klux from a rebellious
State are wont to assemble. The flags, by the
way, were procured by the Governor, from
General Halleck who commands this depart
ment, and were probably obtained for the pur
pose of infusing loyalty by their presence. I
am free to confess that there are many of us
here, however, who have grown sick of the
sight of so much printed cloth and would be
more pleased with Louisville were she a little
less loyaL
We suggest that as onr friend will probably
end his days under the United States flag, it
would be best to come as near enduring the
sight of it as he possibly can.
Look to "Your Gin Houses.
The bnming of gin-houses has become of al
most daily occurrence, and generally from the
same cause, to-wit: matches in the seed cotton.
It is very remarkable that this thing should be
so universally accidental. Planters are con-
, stantly in dread, while ginning, fearing every
hour to share the fate of others. Some have
gone to the trouble of inspecting thoroughly the
seed cotton before permitting it to go to the gin,
and in a number of instances matches have been
found, either placed there by accident or de
signedly. The most charitable supposition is,
that they were dropped by cotton pickers carry
ing matches in their pockets to light their pipes.
Taking this view of the case—we say the most
charitable one—no planter should permit pipes
or matches to be carried into the field. If smoke
they must, have them to do it before they leave
the house. If this they refuse, discharge them
upon the spot Better save your gin-houses and
the cotton yon can piok without such help than
to get it all ont to be burned up.
We believe it would bo a good plan to have
frequent inspections of hands employed in pick
ing ootton, to prevent this terrible destruction
of property. It would also be advisable to keep
but little cotton in the gin house at a time. No
less than three gin houses have been burned
within a few miles of Sandersville the present
season. Two caught while ginning and the
other was set fire to by an incendiary.—Ocn-
tro.1 Georgian. * / . ,
Arbiyal or the Excursion Teats.—The ex
cursion train which conveyed the State delega
tion, His Excellency, Gov. Bollock, and other
delegations to the Louisville Convention, re
turned to this city on yesterday laden with del
egates en route to their homes. All whom we
saw speak in glowing terms of their reception
and entertainment at Louisville. Unbounded
hospitality was the order of the several days the
Convention was in session, and everything else
attending the arrangements for the accommo
dation of the delegates was on the grandest
—Atlanta InfeUigeneer.
“The Plan of Settlement.”
We find in the Atlanta New Era, of Sunday,
an article from the “Georgia Republican of tho
16th instant” on “the plan of settlement” in
Georgia. The GeorgiaRepublican, we suppose,
is Bryant’s paper, of which we have never seen
a copy. The gist of the article is in the follow
ing extract:
It is safe to say that the test oath will not be
imposed upon the members of the General As
sembly of any reconstructed State. We be
lieve that most, if not all of our readers, will
agree with ns that this qnestion has been set
tled. The case of the split in our party has,
therefore, been removed, and we can now, wo
trust, unite. We propose the following propo
sitions as a basis of settlement:
1. Let Governor Bullock call the General As
sembly together before Congress meets.
■ 2. Let the General Assembly reseat the col
ored members.
2. Let Congress enforce tho Fourteenth
Amendment in all the States, Georgia included.
5. Admit Senators from Georgia.
G. Let the General Assembly ratify the Fif
teenth Amendment
If Governor Bullock does not call the General
Assembly together—
1. Let Congress take no action in Georgia
matters until the General Assembly meets and
re-seats, or refuses to re-seat, the colored mem
bers.
If the colored members are re-seated—
1. Let Congress enforce the fourteenth
amendment in all the States.
2. Admit Senators from Georgia.
3. Let the General Assembly ratify the fif
teenth amendment.
If the General Assembly does not re-seat tho
colored members.
1. Let Congress call together the original
members of the General Assembly.
2. Expel the members ineligible under the
fourteenth amendment.
3. Admit onr Senators.
4. Let the General Assembly ratify the fif
teenth amendment.
In other worda, the platform we propose is—
1. Re-seat tho colored members of the General
Assembly.
2. Congress enforce the fourteenth amend
ment in oil the States.
3. Ratify the fifteenth amendment.
We are to understand this as the compromise
propositions agreed to by “reconstructed” rad
icalism or republicanism in Georgia, failing to
accomplish which, the whole party will unite in
an appeal for tho intervention of Congress to
reconstruct matters with the strong hand.
Now, we will charge onr opponents nothing
for a quarter’s worth of common sense. Let
them look about them andleam the plain les
son that nothing can be made ont of reconstruct
ing Georgia in any event. Unless they can
manage in some way or other to ground their
political organization on the good will of the
whites of Georgia, they have got no future at
all in this State and never can have any.
Fifteen months ago tho Telegraph told them
they would be beaten forty thousand votes in
Georgia, and they laughed at it; but were beaten
nearly fifty thousand/ And it will bo worse and
worse—worse and worse for them—until they
can learn to quit the nonsense which looks to
achieve its end by holding the intelligence and
wealth of the country under control of negro
majorities supplemented by a feeblo following
of white spoilsmen. That policy puts them un
der the ban of the whites. It concentrates
against them the indignation of tho people.
There is no man, white or black, who has been
through the alphabet, who does not know and
feel that it is an unwise, an unpatriotic and
disgraceful policy. That it sacrifices tho good
of the State—the interests of society to party
selfishness and unreason.
And when the Northern Radicals complain of
the social proscription of men of their own par
ty in the South, they ought to have sense enough
to comprehend tho philosophy of it. It is not a
proscription based in fact upon party politics,
bnt it grows ont of the idea that the Southern
Radicals are seeking to put men of their own
race and color under the domination of tho
blacks, who are without intelligence—or char
acter—or means—or responsibility; and that
jnst so far as tho Southern Radicals or Repub
licans succeed in their schemes, they must do it
at the cost of the best interests of society—of
the State, and oven of the colored races them
selves.
Now, if tho Radicals or Republicans in Geor
gia will quit that policy and “come down into the
white settlements,” then they will take the first
step towards a solid foundation and permanent
status in Georgia and tho South. Then they
will stand here as a Republican does in Penn
sylvania and Ohio and fight it out with us on
general principles of national policy. But until
they do abandon it, they will never secure an in
fluential white following and their dependence
upon negro support unless they can divide white
influence will be leaning upon a rotten stick.
Now, the first thing for them to do, is to
abandon all idea of getting Georgia out of the
Union again. Even if the negroes should not
be reseated next session, if any shonld be elect
ed thereafter, they would be bound to come in.
The fourteenth amendment purge, if rigidly
enforced by their party, will do them more
harm than good. It will always be a frightful
policy in any State to appeal against her to
Congress. "We hope there will never bo so little
pride or patriotism in any State, in which such
an act will not effectually damn any politician.
And as to the fifteenth amendment, is it pos
sible that any politician can sanction so corrupt
proceeding as to make its adoption the price
of the political existence of a State ? Is Ameri
can fundamental law to be ordained and estab
lished by bribery, corruption and intimidation?
That the Congress of the United States should
have sanctioned such a proposition makes it
nonetheless audacious in its brazen infamy.
We need no better evidence of the fallacy of
the dogmas of modem spiritualism, than that
the spirits of the reverend fathers of American
liberty did not rise in their might and hurl down
the very stones of the Capitol on the base heads
of Congress when that body sanctioned so
atrocious on outrage upon republicanism and
free government.
Let the Radicals take a common sense view
of the matter. By fair means or foul, they have
got possession of the State and divided all the
offices among them. That is all they can ac-
pTiab for themselves on their present programme
do what they may. They can gain nothing bnt
additional popular odium on the road they are
traveling, although they may do much mischief
to the State. A thorough change of policy on
their part is the only thing which opens the first
ray of light on their partyfuture.
Jordan’s Alleged Treachery.
The story of Jordan’s treachery is thus told
in a Havana letter of October 2d:
“The most important sensational news has
been actively circulated in this city for the past
few days in regard to the surrender of Jordan,
with his whole force. It has constituted the
main topic of interest. The telegram inform
ing you of the fact was authorized by the Cap
tain-General, who sent for the agent .of the
New York Associated Press, and through his
telegraphic censor gave him the news that Gen
eral Jordan had submitted proposals of surren
der, not of himself alone, but of the whole force
under his command. The terms said to have
been proposed by Jordan were substantially
that a Targe sum of money, (amount not stated,)
was to be paid to him on the completion of the
surrender, and that his personal safety was to
be assured by the government until his safe ar
rival in the United States. The reply of Gen
eral Do Rodas was that, considering existing cir
cumstances, his duty compelled him to refuse
any proposals of this nature, and that he hoped
within ine short space of three months to mete
out to him (Jordan) the punishment which his"
practical conduct merited. This is, in a few
words, the version given by the Captain-Gen
eral of the affair which has caused intense ex
citement here.”
The Colored labor Convention.
Every reflecting Georgian must, of course,
feel great interest in the welfare, oontentment
and prosperity of the colored people of this
State. They are an important portion of our
population. Their labor produces perhaps only
a little short of two-thirds the total amount of
onr crop values, and is rated at one-third the
total value of this product. We should’ estimate
it to be worth to itself annnally not far from
fifteen millions of dollars, and will not under
take to prononnoe upon its actual yalae to the
whole industrial interest of the State. . It pro
duces about two hundred thousand bales of onr
cotton crop, and perhaps more, and we shonld
say at least twelve millions of bushels of com;
and, therefore, in solving the question of the
value of this labor to Georgia we must consider
the possibility of substituting it by some other,
supposing it were suddenly to be withdrawn
from the field.
In this view of the matter we have no donbt
that a good deal of interest will be felt among
the whites in knowing the views, feelings,
plans and purposes of this Colored Labor Con
vention, now in session in Macon; and we,
therefore, invited the Convention to report
their proceedings, in their own way, in the
Telegraph. Accordingly, we observe that the
official record contains a characteristic flourish
of titles, and is set forth in much pomp; bnt
this is immaterial Tho Convention itself, just
so far as it indicates the existence of dissatis
faction nmong this laboring class, and a deter
mination coupled with the ability to exact in
creased wages, is an interesting fact to every
planter.
This movement, it seems, is not confined to
Georgia. The “Charleston Daily Republican,
calls a similar one to meet at Colombia in that
State, and proposes to change the Union League
into Labor Unions, and put into force upon the
plantations and in every household, all the iron
handed despotism of the white labor unions,
which, in point of fact, destroys bargain in tho
employment of labor, and makes the employer
the victim of compulsion not only in the wages
to be paid, bnt in pretty much all the details of
laboring. It is enough to say that the introduc
tion of the Union Labor system on the farm and
in the households, if it were possible, would be
attended with so great inconvenience and oppres
sion that most people would prefer to dispense
with the labor. It is enough to be bossed in the
shop—it would be intolerable to bo mastered at
home.
But we trust, with good management npon
the part of the whites, the mischief done maybe
limited. It is our business as white men—
owners of tho soil and employers—to obtain and
preserve a dominant influence over the negro,
by showing him that we are not only his best
friends, but actually and truly the only friends
he has got on earth who can be of any service
to him. Neither his Northern allies or their
representatives on our soil, nor his own race in
the South are in any condition to be serviceable
to Mm. They cannot famish Mm with regular
supplies of food, clothing and money, wMle the
Sonthem wMtes can do it and find their own
advantage in doing it.
Almost tho first point, then, with the good
Sonthem planter who looks for a permanent and
prosperous business, is to secure the entire con
fidence and attachment of Ms colored laborers.
This cannot be done even by fair dealing if it is
not a kind of dealing in wMch the negro is able
to see for himself that he is justly and liberally
dealt by. A planter may keep an honest account
current, in wMch everything during the year
has been honestly debited and credited, bnt ten
to one the negro will go off from settlement dis
contented and suspicious.
Tho practice of some planters of dealing in
supplies for their hands of shoes, clothing, to
bacco, etc., is at best a dangerous one nnd likely
to cost more than it comes to. If convenience
requires it, then deal in cash. Tell tho wages
into the hands of the negro carefully at the end
of every month, and then let him buy if he
chooses. It is peculiarly true of the negro that
“short reckonings mako long friends;” and if
yon are to have a long reckoning, compare your
notes with Ms memory every few weeks—so that
he can know exactly how the account is running.
Be sure of this: that if by trafficking with your
hands you have managed it so that they will
have nothing left at Christmas, you have done
a bad business for yourself, however honest may
be the account Yon will find it hard to keep
Mm another year. Tho great secret of success
ful planting now is, a force of reliable, faithful
and contented laborers. Therefore speculate
upon anybody else rather than yonr field hands.
Now, we are gratified to believe that the
Georgia planters have shown, as a general
thing, great justice and liberality to their field
laborers and yet cases of this trafficking in to
bacco, shoes, flour, whisky and calico do come
to onr knowledge, and we are sure whenever we
hear of it, that the man is saving a dollar at the
cost of twenty. The Charleston Republican,
gives a doleful account of sharp dealing with
the negroes of South Carolina—true or false we
know not—bnt all sharpness with tho negroes is
a monstrous dullness on the main qnestion of
making money in planting.
Tho confidence of laborers in the justice of
employers must constitute tho main defence
against all these schemes at combination by
wMch Jeff Long or any other Jeff will sit in his
barber’s shop and prescribe wages for the coun
ty or call a convention for tho purpose. Plan
ters and employers must be willing to pay lib
eral wages and make all their dealings transpar
ent to the mind of the laborer. If this or any
similar fuss should have the effect of raising
the standard of wages unreasonably, then we
must Mro on shares, and we must do with fewer
honse servants—but we must keep faith with
the negro and increase onr influence over him
day by day, in the only legitimate way of a
liberal, considerate and just dealing.
Tom Thumb is disconsolate in California,
has found a fallow four inches shorter.
He
At a meeting of the citizens of Macon, in re
gard to the removal of Mercer University to this
city, it was resolved that the chairman, Dr. D.
W. Hammond, be authorized to appoint a com
mittee of five, at Ms leisure, to act in conjunc-
tion with the committee of three, selected at
the meeting to confer with the City Council and
community generally in reference to the con
templated removal.
The chairman, in accordance with the resolu
tion, has appointed the following gentlemen on
that committee, viz:
L. N. Whittle, Clifford Anderson,
Jas. A. Nisbet, A. L. Maxwell,
E. Winshtp.
W. D. Williams, Secretary.
A New Patent.—Mr. John Gilmer, an enter
prising mechanic of Monticello, Fla., exHbited
tons yesterday a new attachment for railroad
passenger cars, which, though very simple,
should be universally adopted. It consists of a
trap door or platform, attached to the ends of
the cars by means of hinges, and when lowered
fitting directly over the steps, thus extending
the platform the full width of the car. The ob
ject is to enable passengers to walk ont of the
car immediately on to the roadside platforms
without going down steps aDd then mounting at
great inconvenience. Where there are no road
side platforms the trap can be kept up and se
cured by a catch against the panel of the oar.
It also prevents boys in cities from getting on
the cars while in motion, from wMch endless
accidents have happened. If one falls off the
trap, he will go clear of the tracks and wheels.
[_Savannah Republican.
The Atlanta New Era says perhaps we don’t
know what Democracy is—but if so, we cannot
aocepthis exposition.
Udolpho Wolfe left a reputation for schnapps
and $300,000.
THE UBCllATIOJf OF THE SEA.
Captain Bent's Story of an Open North East
Passage to the Polar Sea—The Gulf stream
and Knro-Stwo of the Pacille. .
The leading article in Putnam for November
reviews Captain Bent’s Theory of a perpetually
open passage to the Polar Sea as developed in a
recent address before the St. Louis Historical
Society. The subjoined extract from this air
tide gives the leading ideas of Captain Bent,
and contains facts of singular interest in regard
to the Circulation of the Seas, and those great
Ocean currents of wMch the Gulf Stream,-of
the Atlantio, and the Knro-Siwo of the Pacific
are the most striking examples:
It has long been an established faotv in Phy
sical Geography, that, at certain times, there
must be a passage, through open water, from
the North Ptcific to the North Atlantic, by way
of - the Arctic Ocean. The evidence of this was
conclusive from the history of the Right Whale.
It is the habit of whalemen to stamp their har
poons with the name of their ship, and the time
and place of their fisMng. Stricken by the
fishermen, bnt not mortally, a whale was found
by Dr. Scoresby and others in the North Atlan
tic, bearing, buried in his side, harpoons stamp
ed with the Pacific mark made by ships cruis
ing near Behring’s Straits. The Right Whale,
when most hotly pressed by his pursuers, it is
well known, cannot find refuge underwater, hut
must, at short intervals, come to the snrface to
breathe. He could not, therefore, hav9 crossed
tho Arctic Ocean under ice. He cannot endnre
warm tropical waters, and it has been ascer
tained from countless sources, that to him the
Equatorial Ocean is as impassable as a sea of
fire. Since then, tho whales harpooned in the
Pacific and afterwards caught in the Atlantic,
could not have reached the Atlantic by way of
Cape Horn or the Cape of Good Hope, in which
case they must twice cross “the sea of fire;”
and, since they could not pass under the ice of
a frozen ocean, it was plain that they found, at
least, an occasional open avenue through tho
Axctio waters. But this fact does not prove the
existence of a permanent, nor even of an occa
sional Mghway for navigation to tho Pole; and,
though often dwelt upon, seems to be calculated
to delude, rather than to gnide the Polar travel
er. Certainly, he would be a bold sailor, who
should venture to follow, in his ship, the track
of a Right Whole.
The true Arctic problem, therefore, we con
ceive, is not whether there is a passage to the
Pole, bnt it is this: Is there a permanent and
navigable way to the Pole?
This question our author answers in the affir
mative. And, it is but just to Mm and to tho
reader that we give the substance of Ms reason
ing, as far as the limits of this review admit, in
the words of the Address itself:
“There is,” he says, “a circulation in the air;
there is a circulation in the bodies of all ani
mals ; there is a circulation in the ocean—all of
which are governed by laws, immutably fixed,
and wMch in all their modifications and condi
tions theyrigidly observe and obey.
“Tho sea, the atmosphere and the snn, aro to
tho earth what the blood, the lungs and the heart
are to the animal economy. There is an equil
ibrium in all nature. Let me here quote to
you a single passage from one of tho most sci
entific and beautifully written works upon the
subjects of which we are now treating. I allude
to that on ‘The Physical Geography of the Sea,’
by my friend, Admiral M. F. Maury. He says:
‘The mean annual fall of rain on the entire sur
face of tho earth is estimated at about five feet.
To evaporate water enough annnally, from the
ocean, to cover the earth on the average five
feet deep witb|rain; to transport it from one
zone to another, and to precipitate it in the
right places, at snitable times, and in the pro
portions duo, is one of the offices of the grand at
mospherical machine. This water (bear in mind)
is evaporated principally from the Torrid Zone.
Supposing it all to come thence, we shall have
encircling the earth a belt of ocean 3000 miles
in breadth, from wMch this atmosphere
evaporates a layer of water, annnally, sixteen
feet in depth. And, to hoist up as Mgh as tho
clouds, and lower down ngain all the water in a
lake sixteen feet deep, three thousand miles
wide and twenty-four thousand miles long, is
tho yearly bnsiness of this invisible machinery.’
Now, I ask yon, understanding as we do the
constant effort of nature to restore equilibrium,
nndthelawsof adaptation,what must bo the effect
npon the ocean of the removal of this immense
mass of water of twenty-four thousand miles in
length, three thousand miles wide, and sixteen
feet in depth ? Certainly an endeavor on the
part of the water to occupy tMs enormous space;
and to do this, all the waters both north and
south of this space or zone are at once set in
motion to restore this equilibrium; and, were
there no obstructions, as continents and islands,
this flow would be uniform round the whole
earth.
“ Now, an object set in motion toward tho
equator from the polar regions—where tho ve
locity of the earth’s rotation is small—will con
stantly bo arriving at points on the earth’s sur
face where the velocity is greater, and, not at
once acquiring this greater velocity, its direc
tion will tend obliquely to the westward. Hence,
we find tho streams or currents which flow from
the North Pole towards the Equator, always take
a southicestwardly direction, whenever the con
tinents and islands will permit These streams
from the Northern and Sonthem hemispheres,
meeting at tho Equator, form and give direction
to tho Equatorial currents, the waters of wMch
are thrown to the westward; but, interrupted by
the continents, which lie across their paths, and
changed in their specific gravity by the expan
sive heat of the sun, they throw off hot streams
to the north and south, tike blood from the heart
of the animal system, to carry their life-giving
warmth and nourishment, along their path, to
the earth’s extremities.
“Of these streams there are two in the north
ern hemisphere and three in the southern. Tho
two former are known as the Gulf Stream of
the Atlantic, and the Kuro-Siwo of the Pacific;
the first delineated by observations taken by the
United States Coast Survey, under Prof. A. D.
Bache, and the Knro-Siwo from observations
made npon it by tho Japan Expedition, under
Commodore M. 0. Perry.”
Having laid down the basis for Ms argument
in the very first principles and laws of nature,
Captain Bent calls in the exactly observed facts
which bear upon it. He says: “To describe
the first of the two great currents of the North
ern Hemisphere, I shall again quote from M.
F. Maury’s ‘Physical Geography of tho Sea,’
wherein he says: ‘There is a river in the
ocean. In the severest droughts it never fails,
and in the mightiest floods it never overflows.
Its banks and its bottom are of cold water,
while its current is of warm. The Gulf of Mex
ico is its fountain, and its month is in the Arctic
Sea. It is the Gulf Stream. There is in the
world no other such majostio flow of waters. Its
current is more rapid than the Mississippi or the
Amazon, and its volume is more than a thousand
times greater. Its waters, as far out as the
Carolina coasts, are of an indigo bine. They
are so distinctly marked, that their line of junc
tion, with the common sea-water, may be traced
by the eye.
“ ‘Often, one half of the vessel may be per
ceived floating in Gulf-stream water, while the
other half is in common water of the sea, so
sharp is tho line, and auch the want of affinity
between those waters, and such too the relno-
tanco, so to speak, on the part of those of the
Gulf Stream to mingle with the common water
of the sea. At the very season of the year when
the Gulf Stream is rushing in greatest volume
through the straits of Florida, and hastening
north with the greatest rapidy, there is a cold
stream from Baffin’s Bay, Labrador, and the
coasts of the North, running to the South with
equal velocity. These two currents me6t off
the Grand Banka of Newfoundland, where the
latter is divided^ One part of it underruns the
Gulf Stream, as is shown by the icebergs, which
are carried in a direction tending across its
course. The other fork runs between the Uni
ted States coast and the Golf Stream to the
South. As a rale, the hottest water of the Golf
Stream is at or near the snrface. There is rea
son to believe that its waters are nowhere per
mitted, in the oceanic economy, to touch
the bottom of the sea. There is every
where a cushion of cool water between them
and the solid parts of the earth’s crust. Cold
water is one of the best non-conductors of heat,
and if the warm water of the Gulf Stream was
sent across the Atlantio in contact with the solid
crust of the earth—comparatively a good con
ductor of heat-—instead of being sent over a
non-conducting cusMon of cool water, to fend it
from the bottom, all its beat would be lost in the
first part of the way, and the soft climates of
both France and England would be as that of
Labrador, severe in the extreme 8nd ice-bound.
“‘The maximum temperature of the Gulf
Stream is 86 degrees, or about 9 degrees above
the ocean temperature due to the latitude. In
creasing its latitude 10 degrees, it loses but two
degrees of temperature, and, having ran three
thousand miles to the North, .it still preserves,
even in winter, the heat of summer. The heat
it discharges over the Atlantio in a winter’s
day, would be sufficient to raise the
whole volume of atmosphere that rests np
on France and British the. Isles, from the freez
ing point to summer heat
“ ‘A simple calculation will show that the
quantity of heat daily carried off by the Gnlf
Stream, from the regions of Central America
and Mexico, and discharged over the Atlantio,
is sufficient to raise mountains of iron, from zero
to the melting point, and to keep in flow, from
BY TELEGRAPH.
from wasiuxgtox.
WASHBroT02f, October 18.^-Gov. Bitner of Penn-
BylY&nia is dead—aged ninety yean*
A letter from Alexander H. Stephens, dated the
them, a molten stream of metal, greater in vol- 2JW2 of his power to at-
- - ti. ’ jit.. j.-.A; , ^ „. 1 tend the Macon, G*., State Fab*. He baa been con-
ume than the waters daily discharged from the „ ™ V"., T™’ ,' ■* air ‘ “*? *»•“ °° n *
Mississippi river.' ” fined to his house since February last and has little
This stream, we are told by Professon Tyndal hope of ever leaving home again,
in his lectures before the Royal Society of Lon- j The Supreme Court gave no decision to-day in the
don, “entirely abolishes the difference of tem- Yergerhabeaa corpus case,
perature, due to the difference of latitude, of J Revenue receipts to-day $622,000.
North and South Britain ; so that, if we walk Farrogut is improving.
from the Channel tothe Shetlandlsles, in Jana- j declines accepting Assistant Treasurer
ary, we encounter everywhere the same tem- _., . . ... V 6 .treasurer
perature. The Isothermal line runs north and 8 re81 S n *hon.
south. The harbor of Hammerfest, in Norway , : ® en - Thomas reports from Alaska against the
(73 degrees North /), derives great value from ; establishment of the Revenue service there, ae it
the fact that it is clear of ice all the year round. , will cost more than it will come to. No mines have
TMs is due to the Gulf Stream, which sweeps been discovered—plenty of timber and coal, but
around the North Cape, and so modifies plenty equally as good hundreds of miles South,
the climate there, that, at some places, Grain cannot be raised; few vegetables raised, and
by proceeding northward, you enter a wanner thev rot and wither in a few weeks
region.” (P. 197. Heat as a Mode of Motion.) -. ■ ““ TOUl ® weeks : T
So effectual and far-reacMng are themitiga-! ' In the Supreme Court, the case of J.H. McKee vs.
ting influences of the Gulf Stream, this mighty . the Wfod States has been decided. It involved
ll riccr in the ocean” that upon comparison with ; a claim for cotton and other property captured at
other streams we find some startling facts. I Alexandria, La., by the naval forces in 1864. The
Fourteen times, in the last eight hundred claimant was a resident of New Orleans, who traded
years, has the Thames been frozen over. Fairs beyond the lines under the permit of a Treasnrv
have occasionally been held, booths built, and B g 0n t and by virtue of a license of the military au-
oxen roasted upon it. Since 1294, the Baltio has V.. „ ^ # J , r
been eight times frozen over; once so firmly, ttonty, the cotton, etc., was purchased from a Mr.
that Charles X. led his whole armv over it from McKee, a distant relative of claimant, and an agent
Holstein to Denmark. j of the Confederate Treasury Department. The de-
Twice, in the history of Flanders, wine has cision below, against J. H. McKee, is affirmed; the
been cut with hatchets. In 1708, ice in thehar- Court holding that under the acts of Congress ope-
bor of Copenhagen was twenty-seven inches rating at the time the cotton was captured, any
thick. In 1(94, Pichegrus army encamped on Treasury age nt who issued a permit authorizing
the ice m Holland. TheZuyderZee,theHelles- . , ,..T. , ,
pent, the harbors of Leghorn, Marseilles and trad ° tho enemy beyond the nuhtaiy hues, did
Genoa, the Rhino, the Rhone, the Danube, the s° without warrant of law, and the permit was void.
Scheldt, the Seine, and the Po have at times , A permit granted by the military was equally void,
been locked in ice. Never were even the j The claimant had never a legal title to the property
edges of the Gulf Stroam stiffened by frost. "We in question, because it had been purchased from an
have no account of its slightest congelation in ' agent of tho Confederate Government.
part of its vastaroa, not even off the shores . Reliable information has been received to the ef-
of Norway or Novara Zem m. I feet that the Hornet is to be detained at "Wilmington
These well-authenticated, histonal facts are „ . T , . ,, 77?
wonderfully confirmed by a single inference, i Stovemment authorities. It is thought here
drawn from tho thermal estimates for the Gnlf | ultimate result will be th&fi the Government will
Stream. Could a ditch or sluice be cut through Beize and dismantle her on the ground of a violation
the Isthmus of Panama, large enough to give of the neutrality laws.
outlettothe westward equatorial current, the con- •' Coin balance in tho Treasury this date, one hun-
sequent diversion of the former stream would ■ dred and fourteen millions, including twenty-seven
instantly change and revolutionize the climate M certiScatee
of Western Europe, and reduce it like Labrador b
to an icy desert. HEAVY ON THE CHIVALRY.'
So much for the Gulf Stream. The Kuro- Capt. W. F. Bailey, 33d Infantry, has been dis-
Siwo of which Captain Bent was, under Com- missed from the service for refusing to pay his
modore Perry’s direction, the first observer and . board and tailor’s bills at San Antonio, Texas,
explorer, was found the fellow and equal of the j Lieut. Shellaborger, 7th Cavalry, has been dismiss-
Gulf Stream. In volume, velocity and dimen-, cd t eondact nnbecoming m officer , Cspta£n
sions, thev are almost identical. Their course „ .... - , , ,f
to the northeast is the same. Both streams flow ! Granger ’ 25tb Infantr I> haa been dusnu88e d “ d fi-
over cushions of cool water, which eflectually . prisoned at the Dry Tortugas for misappropriating
prevent the loss of heat by contact with the crust public money. Grant approves sentences.
of the earth at the sea-bottom. Neither of **»
these streams wash against the shores of the NORTH CAROLINA STATE FAIR,
continents, near which they rise in the ocean. Raleigh, N. G., October 18.—'The State Fair openB
Their salts are similar; their temperature is the to-moirow. Articles in eveiy department aro corn-
same, 86 degrees (maximum); and the climatic ingin in great numbers. There will be a splendid
influence of the Euro-biwo upon our western exMbition and very Iarg0 atte ndance. The weather
coast, and upon Alaska and the Aleutian Islands,• J m. , ■ .
is quite ns marked as that of the Gulf Stream on^ sfin0 *? r th *_° 00 ” tod - ^b ero ^ ** » nmnber of
Western Europe and the British Isles. j interesting addresses and essays on agricultural
The reader is now in a position to take in the ] mutters and manufactures, by some of the most
theory of this profound thinker. j distinguished men of the State, during the week.
Reasoning upon the principles and facts be- • ■■ ■ <«» »
fore ns, he claims that these two mighty cur- ' FROM "VIRGINIA,
rents flowing to the Pole, make a way tMther j Richmond, October 18.—The Legislature met to-
for the seaman. There is their confluence, and l day. In both Houses a resolution was offered con-
there the goal nature aestmed them to reach. | gratulating the country upon the recent Republican
Armed in their tropical birthplace with the po- I victorips >t the Nortb . In th6 SeDate u was ]aid oa
tential enererv of the sun s heat. thev. and thev . ., . . ■ . . .
alone, can pierce the polar ice and carae routes ! ‘ ha table M being out of tho province of the present
to the Pole itself. Legislature; and the House adjourned without ao-
! tion.
From Washington Comity.
We clip the following from the Sandersville j
Central Georgia of the 20th instant:
Marsh and Algood vs. Central Railroad I [
and Banking Company.—The above stated case
GENERAL NEWS.
Buffalo, October 18.—The car shops of the Lake
Shore Railroad have been burned. The loss is over
three hundred thousand dollars fully; insurred for
was "tried” before* Judge "Gibson on Saturday j fifty thousand. The workmen are thrown out of
last.—We have rarely seen so much talent em- employment. The origin of the fire is unknown,
ployed in one case as was in this. For the plain- Louisville, October 18.—The vigilance committee
tiff, ex- Gov. H. V. Johnson, Hon. I. L. Harris i operations of Taylorsville, Indiana, have resulted in
and Messrs. Langmade & Evans and R. L. J £]iq death of several persons. One account says a
Warthen of the local bar. For defendant, Gen s ; terrible state of affairs existB, and law-abiding citi-
Henry E. Jackson and A. R. Lawton, and Col.
Wm. K. deGraffenreid. It was emphatically a
battle between giants in intellect.
The facts in the case, as we gathered them
during the trial, are about these: In 1864, at
precisely what time we did not learn, plaintiffs
deposited with Mr. A. F. Franklin, Agent at No.
13, Central Cailroad, something over two hun
dred bales of cotton, subject to their order, and
for which they paid Mr. F. storage. Some of
this cotton they had bought of Mr. Franklin.—
The cotton remained in the warehouse until
November, when Sherman burned the house,
and destroyed tho cotton, as contended by de
fendant. The plaintiff brought an action in
March last, for the recovery of the cotton, and
claimed that it was not destroyed bnt removed
by the Company through their Agent, Mr.
Franklin. •
The testimony being heard, the debate was
opened by Col. Evans, of the local bar, followed
by Gen. Jackson and Gen. Lawton, Gov. John
son delivering the closing address. The reader
can readily imagine that foemen such as these
seldom meet in such numbers, but when they do
’tis not forgotten by the beholder.
The Jury were absent but a few minutes, re-
urning a’verdict for Defendant. We under
stand it is probable the case will be taken np.
PoarPEr Haines, charged with the murder of
Col. R. W. Flournoy, in June last, was arraigned
for trial on Friday last L. A. Hall, Esq., of
Irwinton, appeared as Ms counsel, andaskedfor
a continuance of the case, on the ground of the
recent finding of the Bill by the Grand Jury, the
excited state of the public mind, the absence of
his associate counsel (his partner at law, we pre
sume,) and his having been so recently em
ployed to defend the case. All of wMch were
overruled by the Court. Judge Gibson paying
the county a merited compliment for the deter
mination manifested on the part of the citizens
to render the accused even-handed justice.
The prisoner having pleaded “not guilty,”
the court proceeded to the empaneling of a
jury, and after having exhausted two arrays—
one of forty-eight nnd the other of twenty-four
—without obtaining half tho requisite number,
the ease was continued until the next term of
court.
The elegant new church erected by the Meth
odists of Bethany (Jefferson) and vicinity, we
are authorized to say, will be dedicated on the
fifth Sabbath in this month. The dedicatory
sermon will be preached by Rev. Dr. J. S. Key,
of Macon. Dr. Key is among the most able
pulpit orators of his age in the State, and those
who are so fortunate to attend will doubtless
have a rare treat. All are invited to be present.
A friend residing in the neighborhood informs
us that tho ginhouse of Mr. M. S. Medlock, of
Hancock, and eleven bales of eotton, were de
stroyed by fire on the 7th.
Lay Representation.
The vote in the Methodist Episcopal Ghnrch
on the question of lay delegation is reported by
the New York Methodist of last week as follows:
For lay delegation 140,410; against 67,044; ma
jority for 78,366. Returns from twenty-two con
ferences give the clerioal vote on the qnestion as
stated: For lay delegation 1600; against 412;
majority for 1188. To carry the amendment it
is necessary that it should receive the votes of
three-fourths of the members (clerical) of the
annual conferences, and this is the only point
npon which the friends of lay delegation have
been solicitons, as the result of the lay vote waB
undoubted. So far in the conferences, the
amendment has received the requisite three-
fourths vote, and has 91 votes to spare.
Cowhtding a Clergyman.—The citizens of
Westport, Connecticut, have j ast had a first-class
sensation in the horsewhipping of their promin
ent clergyman, Rev. Mr. Collins, by Morris
Ketchum, Esq. Mr. Ketchom had some domes
tic trouble which led to a separation, and all
sorts of stories was told about Mm, of wMch
the clergyman was said to be the anthor. The
latter was met by the injured husband, and re
ceived such a beating as a clerical member of
society not often thinks of. Having been
soundly thrashed, the minister went to the
Court Honse, and brought a complaint of as
sault nnd battery against Mr. Ketchum, the trial
of which will develope some interesting features
of suburban life.
zens seem paralyzed. The case is referred to the
Committee on Reconstruction.
New York, October 18.—Two Cuban Privateers
are reported to have escaped from this harbor.
The Haytien steamer Pequot departed, bearing
United States colors. Being apprehensive of cap
ture by privateers, should she bear Salnave’s colors,
Albany, October 18,—The breaks have been re
paired and navigation on the Erie Canal will be re
sumed to-day.
FOREIGN NEWS.
Madrid, October 18 Druggists report extraordi-
narv sales of turpentine and other combustibles,
which the Government apprehends are to be used
for incendiarism.
Paris, October 18.—Napoleon invites the King of
Belgium to meet him at Campeigne.
Marshal Bazine will be appointed commander of
tho Imperial Guard.
London, October 18.—Lord Derby is dying.
FROM CUBA.
Havana, October 18.—A Spanish Mail steamer has
arrived, bringing reinforcements.
The Anti-Chinese Riots in Nevada.
The Virginia Enterprise, of the 30th ultimo,
furnishes the folowing particulars, to wMch it
may be added that the telegraph has already
noted the termination of the difficulty and re
sumption of work by the Chinese laborers:
Yesterday afternoon the miners connected
with the Virginia and Gold Hill Miners’ Unions
assembled in Gold Hill, and, after getting in
line, with a dram and fife, marched out along
the railroad for the purpose of driving off the
CMnese graders. Along with this little army
went a promiscuous crowd of spectators and
stragglers of all kinds. Just beyond the Over
man Mine, at the request of the sheriff, the
miners came to a halt, and he read them a pro
clamation commanding them to desist from the
tmlawfnl bnsiness they were npon, and to dis
perse.
In reply to this, Mr. Atkinson, President of
the Gold Hill Union, said that they would first
do what they had started to do and then disperse.
He was loudly cheered. Deputy Sheriff Gracey
then read from the statutes the riot act of the
United States. The miners then marched on.
Everywhere at their approach the Chinese all
left their work, ran to their camps, gathered np
their baggage, and preoipitately left, many of
them taking to the hills. The miners had it all
their own way. The spokesman of the miners,
npon arriving at the several camps, asked for
the foreman of the camp, then told him to send
all the Chinese off the works, giving them jnst
time enough to pack up their traps, sling them
on a pole and travel. He elso told the foremen
that in case the Chinese were again Bet to work
on the road they would come after them and not
the Celestials.' "With dram and fife playing
they went down the road, scattering the Chinese
wherever they found them at work. Upon the
return march we are told that they leveled all the
CMnese shanties in their course. The affair
created a good deal of excitement both here and
on Gold Hill, and was the cMef topic of conver
sation on the street and in pnblio houses in both
the towns daring the afternoon and evening
among all classes.
Three Other Gin Honse* Burned.
"We learn that the gin house belonging to J.
H. & R. R. Thweatt, some five miles from Co
lumbus, on the Lumpkin road, was oonsumed
by fire at 10 o’clock yesterday. About twenty-
four bales of ootton were burned. Estimated
loss $4,000. The fire probably originated from
a spark from the saws.
The gin house of F. Fontaine, in Russell
county, Ala., was, we learn, horned on Saturday
night, with between sixty-five and seventy-five
bales of cotton. We could learn no particulars.
Information also reached here on yesterday
of the bnrning, on Sunday night, of the gin
house and twelve bales of eotton belonging to
Henry Kyse, near Seale’s Station, Ala. Said to
have been caused by a negro smoking his pipe
among the cotton.
This burning business is becoming quite too
common for the good of our planters, and too
An engineer of the Hartford, Providence and j oon T on Ior oi our planters, ana too
Fishkill Brilroad discovered*! stoppage in the 1 exercised to protect toeir
water-pipe of Ms locomotive, and put in his
finger, when he immediately got a bite. With of 8
the aid of a hook he finally fished ont an eel, P 113 - Columbus Enquirer.
measuring fourteen and a half inches, which
Onr Low Average* in W
One of the most notable facts in th e ra-
Msto^ of onr agriculture is the remark-Sf* 1 *
mg off “the average* of yield from JI.*, 1 * 8 -
Selds. This diminution is not acoounted
the prevalence of rust, or midge «
by anything of special note inXl msS? ^
only that the wheat does not yield as it n ? *
The most productive of the old vaiiot?*^ **■
wMte and beardless wheats, are thrown
use on our best wheat lands, and leas —L 0 ^ '*
kinds have taken their places. New^® 4 ’’*
introduced do not seem to mend the
mid the result continues to be a fallincTH
is not here ana there, but evervwhera r «
Genesee Valley, on the James river
and on our beet Eastern Shore wheat
In the monthly report of the CommS
Agriculture for May and June isaf “"'tf
written by an experienced agricultmS ^
T. S. Pleasants, of Petersburg; on iC? 8 ;
in Virginia, in wMch he says: “ The v 1 L^ ttl9
of grain I heard of last year, and on
finest estates on James river, did not
bnshels per aore, nor was it verv san™fi 101
jnred by rust. Formerly from^wS ?ia '
thirty-five bushels per acre was not *°
crop on the Janies river lands, and tint t 81 ®!
extending over hundreds of acre aT fieid >
I might specify the farms of S^ndy P^T* !S '
Shirely, owned respectively by Rh&f?5 t 1 ®d
and Hill Carter. Mr. Bolling^m
(500 clover fallow and 400 com stabbing ^
one year with another through a seriM „? ^
20,000 bnshels of wheat, and Mr Cart*, ^ ats >
though on still extended surface, frot n <vJ 66s ’
thirty-three bushels to the acre. Tho i,/ to
Berkeley and other farms about the sam?”* 02 ’
The same writer says that about thi*.
ago he visited David Thomas, a
agriculturist, residing at Great Pid,^
Cayuga lake, whose farm took itsnam a ’
the fact that in the early settlement of the
try, an immense clearing of several acres ofhi
was made in one year and seeded dowV^
wheat The product was forty bushels to t£
acre throughout At the time of my ^7* f “ e
crops averaged more than twenty bushels a,
late years, according to agricultural statishV
the average yield of the Genesee Yallevdidr^
exceed ten or twelve bushels. J “
The commissioner of agriculture sets the i
teresting and discouraging aspect of our whe»L
growing powers in a strong light, in renlviml
lately to a letter from Senator Sprague ' hi
says: “Our temporary occupancy of landsb
wheat and the extentiota of wheat gnmtnh!
new fields, wMch in turn will bo abandoned t
a few years, prevents a proper appreciation Hi
the alarming decrease in the yield which is j».
tually observed in localities in which wheat
growing has long been practiced.”
Diminution of yield is, he says, the rule,
cept in the case of a few scientific farmers,"' ;j
all the States in wMch the same lands are ri
tivated in wheat for a series of years. For fa.
stance in Ohio, for a period of five yean endai
in 1854, the average yield was thirteen and
three-tenths bushels; for the succeeding period
of five years, eleven and two-tenths bnshek
Comparing the period ending with 1854 with
the last five years, a still greater reduction is
shown, nine and three-tenths bushels being the
average, or a reduction of four bushels, or thir
ty per cent, decrease in fourteen years.
• In 1866, owing to the severe winter killing
the average was ruinously depressed in the Oho
valley, being bnt four andfive-tenths bushels it
Ohio, five and nine-tenths in Indiana, and ai
and five-tenths in Kentucky. The average fa
the United States in that year did not exceed
ten and five-tenths bushels.
A remarkable decrease in production is »
ported in the Genesee Yalley, the bread-jeSJ.
ing section so famous a few years since. ’ Ti*
New York census of 1865 gives but twelve lash.
el3 as the average for the crop of lSGiintht
State. The national average for a few yens
past has not exceeded twelve bushels per sere,
notwithstanding the large yields of California,
and occasionally some of the newly sealed
Western and Northwestern States.
TMs is sorely a most discouraging statement
of facts to a people who are wont toboasiof
their intelligence and talk a great deal of the
progress made in agriculture, and who are op
erating in a new country, upon land in almost
its first fruitfulness. If, as it is to he presumed
our cultivated fields are to endure as long as &
“everlasting hills,” and when we know fist
countries that really have something of the re
spectability of age are still producing abtml
antly, and increasing their averages, it is rid
iculous, in tMs new world, to talk of fields won
out and lands exhausted by long cultivation.
The use of such terms is only a poor attempt ia
excuse our own ignorance and want of skill h
their management. If they are worn out, it u
still our fault. For what but the most shame
ful mismanagement could have worn out lands
that, in the nature of things, mnst have bees
designed by the Creator to last through all
time ?
If we turn to “old” England we find aot-
ferent state of things. There the best agricul
tural skill is put under scientific direction, and
the result is a constant though slow working up
ward of the average, and we find it to excel oms
by one hundred and tMrty-three percent. The
increase in production there in the hundred
years past averages five bushels per acre, la
1770, according to Arthur Young, the yield was
twenty-three bnshels. In 1850, by the estimate*
of Caird, twenty-six and a half bushels; at the
present time twenty-eight bnshels is considered
as the average, though the crop of last year ei-
ceeded it. The average in Ireland for twenty
years past is placed at twenty-four bushels; («
Great Britain—England, Scotland and Irelano-
twenty-seven bushels.
The commissioner of agriculture hft3 d®
well to bring facts of so much importance to W
notice of the country. These low averages u*
not a necessity, as may be seen from those of
England, qgfl as we may learn from the enp
pie of tlMbe. scientific farmers of whom J
speaks as exceptions. "When a single ewsf 1
can be given in Maryland of an average of thirty
six bushels, running through six years, there cc
be no sufficient reason for a general average«
eight or ten. __
The Great Explosion ofPetrolenni
Bordeaux, France.
Bordeaux has had its day of excitement, d
a most painful excitement it must have prow
The Comte de Rainaut, from Antwerp, bad«
board some forty tons of petroleum and of sp I
its of petroleum. It was anchored at the P®“ I
appointed for vesssels laden with potro-e® I
and began to discharge cargo on two light*® I
one of wMch received petroleum and spirits I
petroleum. At nightfkll the master I
the lighters rubbed a match, and, after lighfe I
a lamp, carelessly threw away the match I
fell upon a case of petroleum, wMch imwedtff I
ly took fire and exploded. In an instant * I
lighter (wMch had nine hundred and fifty®* I
of petroleum) was a mass of flames. Tlcrlf I
winch secured it to the shore were bnreee *J“ 1
the rising tide drove it up the river toward® 1
mass of shipping. Efforts were at once a*®'
thoughtlessly enough—to scuttle the bl® "
They were successful; but as it went do*? “7^ I
the water the burning petroleum rose^" 4 . M .
face, and soon covered half a mile “ “L
with one sheet of. fierce flame, 1
cases of petroleum continually fed. |
soon enveloped and totally destroyed ^ I
sels (none of them American,) many « K
had a full cargo aboard. The lowest f 5 '
reckons the loss at $1,200,000, zL\
est at $6,000,000, gold. Many of the
and fishermen of Bordeaux are rnmea- I
newspaper set the loss of life to be twelv* < I
the other papers mention three persons t> I
bnt state expressly there is no loss of we. I
The neighborhood of Satintees is I
verely, and probably from the same o»®» ^ I
led to the disaster of Bordeaux. A ^ j
Parpaillot, has been dry for some j
bed was marshy. A spontaneous conOJPJJ, I
has converted the course of the broox 1
great furnace, wMch has burned every ^1
and tree near it. The conflagration sun ^1
nes, and resists every attempt made w ^1
guish it.—Paris cor. of the N T.
oer. ■
The Hempstead Plains Entebfbis*-"'^ •!
T. Stewart has contracted for five I
miles of streets and railways on his H ‘^*1
Plains purchase, and proposes . erec 77* t0 «»^l
on next summer, tor the beginning oi
workingmen’s home, five hundred dwemosj^l
hundred of wMoh are to cost ten thana*^7 ^1
lars each. What a magnificent moan®®^^
generations to come will tMs g ra ^ < \,._hj!i 1 *l
the chief of our merchant prinoes.
to see Ms undertaking fully complete^
forthcoming town a city of fiftythoua
And prosperous people '.-—Herald.
The oauaes of decay in American^ ^ |
had passed from the water-pipe into the tender.
A Canadian young lady, who had a good look
at Prinoe Arthur, remarked in his hearing,
‘.‘ He’s better looking than the Prinoe Qf Wales,
and more of a man. I wonder who he is going
to marry ?” The Prince smiled and blushed like
a girl
Ex- PaxeiDZirr Force's estate is estimated at
$1,000,000, the bulk of wMch will probably go
to a nephew, who is being educated at Prince
ton College at the expense of the late Presi
dent.
Bismarck employs two Ameooous as transla
tors in the Foreign Offio%
poee.
investigated in New
Committee
Among ether recommendation^ ^