Georgia Historic Newspapers

    The q-eorgia Weekly Telegraph.
TH-K.TELEGRAPH.
MACON, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1869.
The PleasurcN or Rural Mfc.
Human Litoral nre since its birth has been el
oquent upon the happiness, seenrity, end moral,
xuenl it and physical healtlifnlness of mral life.
All poesy, fn all ages of the world, is fall of it,
and it is the concurrent testimony of the most,
eminent philosophers and sages of ancient and
modern timos, Christian and heathen, fbat'agri-
eullurc is tho best, as feat and ruost ennobling
occupation of man.
And hov» largely Ihese august authorities hare
illustrated such opinions in their own personal
lives and practices is known to every intelligent
reader. Space would fail, in the attempt to give
ftny jnst idea of tho number of theso illnstrions
non in all ages of the world, who have sought
in rural pursuits tho sweetest solace of hours
wrested from the anxious cares and weighty re
sponsibilities of the highest positions in the po
litical, social, religions and literary world.
Our own American history is full of such il
lustrations—of which George Washington bim-
Belf constitutes the strongest nnd biighfest ex
ample. It was ever a stern sense of duty which
toro him reluctant from tho nttrnctioi s end en
joyments of his Mount Vernon plantation. He
1 ft them as the lover leaves his mistress or the
fond father bids adieu to his flock, nud he hur
ried back to thorn wilb a transport, which is
Bcarcely veiled by the extraordinary dignity.
Ootnpo-nre and placidity of his majestic din me
ter. With all bis large experience of great sta
tion and exilted honors, bo embodied Ids ideas
of rnral life in the declaration that “agriculture
is the most noblo and beneficent employment of
mankind.”
Aro our young men in Georgia insensible to
the opitiionaand practices of the most illnstrions
of mankind in all ages of the world? Cun they
seriously reflect npon the testimony snd cxnu-
plo of all tho wisest, greatest and he-t of men.
and then prefer the sharp and demoralizing con
tentions and competitions of trade to agricul
ture? What perverted and ignoble taste drives
them to the shops and the warehouses nud i»
the hot and eager chaffer over exclnng-s—to
the long, weary and generally fruitless c inten
tion of wits and the social and moral coutug'oi.
or crowds—when a so much surer snd richer
pecuniary prize is held out to them by Georgia
agriculture ?
Ctn their fancy paint no charms In a wefl-
OTdt-red farm, with rich crops springing ili'o
maturity nil around them? Cm they see no
pleasure in the wood embowered c-ittnge—the
abode of a lovely mate snd sweet, children—the
BAUc’nurv of a refill- d domestic bliss—the centre
of all good .and hallowing influences. H«ve
they no ambition to nrirk God’s green earth
with such a blest nvmnment of their own in
dustry. skill and cnl'nre ? Is there one capable
of reflection who«e judgment does not incline
to spend his life and grow old among such
Beenes, tlinn r.mid tho eager strife nud torment
ing pares and disappointments of traffic?
And if this be so, why are so many of them
turning their backs upon the country and choos
ing the compsrativ !v ignoble places of the
•own ? -Why alionld they disregard the sngges-
W*. * wisdom, as well as tho serious convie-
Uoa4F<n -wn judgment, and sacrifice a life
iions oft tfl-Tr v ..; se 0 f youthful antie.ipn-
(o tho delusive jPOi.. * ir plans and tastes
tions? Let them fora* tra. • - * ~r'can safe-
ttpnn sound models, and then Its., atnrer
ly look for incrci sing enjoyments in tu»
years.
Now is the time and opportunity for our Geor
gia yotiiha to lay. in sgricnllurrd and rural pnr-
Buits, tho found “ions of a solid prosperity.
Neglect if, and their places will be supplied by
wiser strangers.
But we have been betrayed by the ire-
of the subject, into a wide *■’ -portance
Tlie Northern JExcursIoniats.
As the ppecial train conveying the Northern
excursionists, guests of the State Agricultural
Fair, approached Macon, yesterday afternoon,
a meeting was held, at which the following pro
ceedings took place:
On motion of Col. John W. Forney, of .Penn
sylvania, ITon. George W. Woodward, Represen
tative in Congress, from the Luzerne District,
and late Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, was
called to the chair; on taking which he said:
Gentlemen: Thus far we have come safely
with every prospect of reaching our destina
tion. We have traveled with great comfort to
ourselves, nnd have received every attention
from our Georgia friends. For myself I feel un
der great obligations to Governor Bullock, Gen
eral Hulbert, Mr. True, and the gentlemen
comprising tlie committee, who have provided
for pur journey. It is the first time I have had
the pleasure of visiting this part of our country,
and it seems projier before we reach Macon, that
we should give some united expression of our
gratitude to tho gentlemen who have thus antici
pated our wants.
The following committee was thereupon ap
pointed by the Chair, to carry out the object of
the meeting: Hon. Simon Cameron, Senator in
Coiiprivs from Pennsylvania; Hon. C. Delano,
Commissioner of Internal Revenue; Hon.
Horace Capron. Commissioner of Agriculture;
Professor Joseph Henry, of the Smithsonian
Institute; Dr. J. P. Trimble, of New Jersey;
A E K«pp. President State Agricultural Socie
ty of P-itn«j Iv.iui- ; Solon Robinson, of tho
New York Tribune., and Colonel J. W. Forney.
Tn reporting the resolutions, lion. Simon
Oimeri.n said: “Gentlemen. I take great pleas
ure'in expressing my gmfitnde, not only for the
kiiairi. hs we lmvo received during this long
-journey, but for the extraordinary ease and
rapidity of the journey. We have traveled
nearly a thousand miles as comfortably as if
«ve hud occupied our own chambers, nnd every
.filer, from the highest to the lowest, along
•he whole route, bus treated us not only with
respect, hut with kindness. I feel sure that
i-veiy nu mber of our party agrees with mo
upon this subject, and it wonid, therefore, he
foly to spe ,k at- length. We are anticipating a
oreat deal of pleasure from our Southern trip,
and I fed certain we are all animated by those
kindly feelings which should characterize
br.it> era meeting brothers. I intend to see a
good deal this Southern country before I go
home. • I do not know that I would change my
home for any other spot in the world, but if I
dasireH to seek another, I thiuk it would be
in the S.in*h, for I am sure that a few years will
make it the choice section of onr country."
Senator Cameron then offered the following
resolutions, which were read and unanimously
adopted, and the Macon papers respectfully
ai-ki-d to publish them:
Resolved, That we return our sincere and
orateftil acknowledgements to his Excellency,
R B. Bullock, Governor of Georgia, CoL E.
Enlbert, Superintendent of the W. & A. Rail
road, nnd to W. K. deGraffenreid, Capt. A. O.
Bacon, Col. E L. Best, Capt. B. H. True, B. C-
Smith, Esq.. G W. Gnstiu, E-;q., Fred H. Walk
er, Esq. and C. L. Ross, E-q.. members of
tho Committee of the Agricultural Fair, for
their generons foresight during our trip from
Washington to Macon, nnd that we shall never
forget the cordiality of their welcome to Geor
gia and their unwearied efforts to promote onr
comfort.
Resolved, That we are greatly indebted to the
President and officers of tho Orange and Alex-
-^ria and Virginia and Tennessee roads for
«*»-- co-operation with Gov. Bnllock,
their hearty -"embers of the Commit-
Col. Hulbert and the of our visit to
tee, in promoting tho pleasniP
our fellow-citizens of Georgia.
° _ **• : Hoc. George W.
aon. Stmon Cameron, . — , rr .„ q
Wood wand, Pa. ; Hon. Joseph Henry, no.
Delano. lion. Horace Capron, Washington, D.
COAL, IRON AND OIL
IK NORTHWEST GEORGIA.
REPORT
•f Kev. B. XT. Howard to Col. E. llnlbert,
Nupcrlntendcnt V trnd Atlantic III. 11-
riond, on tlie Con W -on and Oil forma-
tiens, of Xo rill we*, jeorjia.
W. & A. B., Superintendent’s Office, 1
Atlanta, Ga., September 3,1869. /
Rr*. C. W. Howard, Kingston, Ga.:
Sir:—Impressed with the conviction that
valuable deposits of coal exist on, or not far
from, the line of the W. & A. R. R., and be
lieving it to be of vital importance to tke Road
and people of Georgia to be assured of the fact,
if it be bo, that the business of the Road may be
augmented nnd the development of other great
Interests facilitat'd, I hereby authorize and em
power you to make a general preliminary ex
ploration of the portion of the territory of Geor
gia between the W, & A.; R. B., and the State
of Alabama and Tennessee, north of Rome, Ga.,
with a view to testing whether or not coal ex
ists there.
Although the information.sought is of great
importance, it is desirable that the time cm
ployed should be as short, and the trip as inex
pensive as possible. Hoping and believing your
search will be successful, and wishing yon a
pleasant and instructive tour, I am, yours re.
spectfully, E. Hulbert,
Supt. \V. & A. R. R.
Kingston, October 25,18C9.
Col. E. Hulbert, Sup't W. & A. Railroad:
Sir:—Under your direction, I have made a
general examination of the coal and iron beds
of Northwestern Georgia, including Chattooga
and Walker counties; also of the oil jndicaiions
of those counties, including a portion of Floyd
county.
As to the report of my trip, which I now
make, I beg to say that I do not pretend to a
scientific knowledge of geology and mineralogy.
My knowledge of those subjects is that of a care
ful general reader. My report, therefore, will
not be a scientific one, but will give the result
of my observations, chiefly on the surface, as to
coal, iron and oil in the counties referred to.
I thought it best to begin near tho North and
Northwest Georgia lines bordering on Tennessee
and Alabama. I ascended Lookont Mountain
at Cooper's Gap, between fifteen nnd twenty
miles west of liinggold, on tho Western and
Atlantic Railroad. Lookout Mountain at this
point is between five and six miles broad.
About midway of the mountain and on the top,
there rises a comparatively small mountain,
which is called Round Mountain. This eleva
tion is 300 or 400 feet high above the general
surfuce of Lookout. It is about two miles in
diameter at its base, abont six miles in circum
ference. I fonud coal cropping out at ten dif
ferent places around the base of the mountain.
Three different seams show themselves at dif
ferent elevations. These seams vary in thick
ness from twenty-fonr to forty inches, bnt
always increase in depth as they are opened.
The coal is of excellent quality, very free from-
sulphur, and burning freely on a wood fire.
Seventeen different blacksmith shops in the
valley are now using this coal. The smiths
prononuce it to be better than any of the Ten
nessee coal which they have used for their pur
poses. It is free from slate, and leaves but
little ashej. They find no difficulty in working
steel with it. The quantity of coal in this lo
cality mnst be enormous. The seams are hori
zontal and the opportunity for drainage admi
rable. The bed now mostly worked was discov
ered in a gullv in a field. There are abont
three feet of earth above it. Tbe coal is merely
uncovered and thrown out for sale. It is sold
in small quantities to the blacksmiths at tbe
mine, at 12 cents per bushel. Round Mountain
and vicinity can supply tho coal wants of Geor
gia for nu indefinite period. It is fifteen miles
from LaFayette'and abont the same distance
from Chattanooga, to which place they aro now
hauling hemlock bark in large quantity for
tanning. It (Ronnd Mountain) is about two
and a half miles from the brow at Lookont on
both sides, and is distant from Trenton, on the
Alabama nnd Chattanooga Railroad, five miles.
Chalybeate springs of excellent quality are
found in connection with every seam. Tho
views from the eastern brow are magnificent.
On the west they are less striking, ns the moun
tains which aro visible nre ridges presenting no
peaks. Opposite to Trenton there is a huge
vuasui, pernaps a nan mile wide at its month,
miming back more thsn a mile into the moun
tain. The perpendicular rocks on hoth sides
are between one and two thousand feet high.
It is a fearfully grand spectacle. ’ -
This portion of Lookout. Mountain has a con-
original dCeigai wL- .opartnre from cur | 'CoL John W. Forney, Pa.; Solon Robin- I Kklerit '; 1 " population, one militia district entire-
MlicWi **" ■ —-n penning tho head of this New . York Tribune ; Prof. Henry nnd j on , 0 f ‘he monntain casting one hundred
*- uja was simplv to call attention to a daughter, Washington; A. E. Kapp, Pa.® r - I an( j e icbtv votes. This popnlation is destitute
^antifol ‘rendering of one of tbe Epodes of J- P. Trimble N J. ; Hon George Earle, l f ent ^ - Hke , mr ir , 0 untaineers generally,
beautiful ren.li r.n 0 oi one o * Washington; Col. Thomas P Knox. Pa.; Hon. bnt is ‘ iet and or ,lerlv.
Horace, by L-rd Lvtion in his recent work a p Wal g > Carlisle, Pa.; William Calder, Pa.; At th \. baS0 of Logout Mountain, in MeLo-
translation of and commentary npon the poet. p ro f. g. A. King, Boston; Dr. C. P. Culver, I more * B COV o, there are very large beds of fossi-
We find it in the conrse of a review in the last Samuel J. Sharpless, G. D. Coleman, M. F. jjf erons i r0 a ore of excellent quality, sufficient
T. Onirtorlv The reviewer pronounces I Hildrup, Pa.; Dr. Nichols. Washington; y| to fiU p f) ly n number of furnaces.
London .Quart y. P D Brnycbre nnd wife, N - Y - i J?- | At Dug G,.p in Pigeon Mountain, bounding
it a passage of stlh-nlar sweetness and pnn y, ^ . E Clarke Alvord, Wis.; G. B. P. Ring- , be cove on the South, there occurs a largo
and every reader of taste will agree with him. j wa it ( Washington, D. C. quantity of shale. So no years since the papers
—4M— I contained an account of a volcano in Walker
The Tourney and Hie Plow. Bounty, which occasioned groat alarm to the
_ I inhabitants. This shale had been thrown out
Tlie Sun and Times and the Augusta Oonsu- j Q d jggj U g the gap, and some logs had been
I tutionalist are fleshing their keen and trenchant pji cd U p 0n jt. The woods being on fire, the
I blades in tho mock tonmeys for which there flames were communicated to tllKdry logs, and
Diaaes in mo j nmnn „ »i, 0 from theso to the loose shale, which continued
has of late sprang np such a rage among tho | ^ mac *.YhnnsfA(1. HencQ the atorv
It is as follows: . . ,
Blessed is lie—remote as were tho mortals
Of tlie first age, from bnsinosa and its care*—
Who plows paternal fields with his own oxen,
Free from the lmnde of credit or of debt.
No soldier lie. loused by the savage trumpet,
Not hie to shudder at the angry sea;
Hie life escapes from the contention- forum
And shuns tho insolent thresholds of tho groat.
A ad no ho marries to the amorous tendrils
Of the young vine the poplar’s lofty stem;
Or marks'from far tho lowing herds that wander
Lei-mrely down tho calm sccluoed vale;
... . .. . to burn until it was exhausted. Hence the story
young men of the South; but, at tho 881118 0 f the volcano.
time, they admit it is innocent sport and ealeu- Tho strongly bituminous character of this
latedto foster that chivalrous devotion to the shalo indicates oil beneath it. These mdica-
| fair„.hid.ails«™7JSJK»*?£.«-ST
Grafts happier tleman, be he young or old. Furthermore, Besides the mineral products of this cove and
°o7aCam thefle^ee of bis rendi^ sheep ’ brethren, it is a first-rate school of horseman- tbe adjacent mountains, few pentons have a
Or when brown Autumn from tlio fields nnliftctU bJ d manly graco and dexterity. correct idea of the extent and agncnltnral valuo
a i. •»».•■>«• t •£? to
connection with tbe great and serious business tvvent y.fl v0 miles in leugth, and averaging per-
of life, but the world, natural, social and politi- h a ps eight to ten miles in breadth. With the
cal is full of such trifles. The beautiful and exception of a few ridges, it is an almost nnbro-
has a wonderful balance in favor of the former. should bo found in our own State.—
The wild flowers vastly out-nnmber the edible Besides, the middle of this cove is about ten
frnits of tho earth—there are a great many miles from the Alabama and Chattanooga Rail-
it. . * „ road. Tho Lookont Mountain sinks so low at
more roses tlwn potat^s and cabbages and I “ certa , n point that it will bo attofided with
millions more singing-birds than swine, bo we Bma jj expfiES0 , comparatively, to dig out a road
must be tolerant with the natural longings of | f rom tf, 0 CO ve to that railroad. It is a question
worth
ir until aiiii.111 . .. .. ,
Brows with ripe coronal of rrmts adorned.
What j-.y to pluck tho pear himself hath graneo,
' Anil las own grape that with tho purple vies.
Where" iili ho pave thee, rural god Triapna.
And landmark-guardian, Siro Svlvanns thee.
Free to recline, now under aged ilex.
Now in frank i-unahine on the matted grass,
While through the steep banks slip tho gliding wa- |
Andbirda are plaintive in tho forest glens,
A»d lira id fountains with adrowsy tinkle
Invito the light wings of tlie noonday ejeep-
A Nlnpeflcd Man, . ^ _ ^ .
Tkere was a man yesterday in Macon, abont I yonn g for the ornamental rather than the I of political economy whether it wiilnotbe w
fly yeare old, in a stupefied condition. He ■ ■ 1 a serious outlay by the State to save theso
middle from both aides, both brows beiDg high
er than the middle. Hence the imperfect de
nudation. On each side of the.mountain there
are impregnable masses of rock. Water roakek
a very slow impression upon them. Nature
seems to-have guarded her treasures of coal by
these reeky embattloments, east and west.
Round Mountain makes an exception. It rises
from this central basin. Its sides not being
rocky, are denuded into ravines by water, hence
the coal shows itself freely. Equal quantities
msy exist, snd reasoning from analogy, probably
do exist, elsewhere on the mountain, bnt from
the nature of things they do not and cannot with
equal facility exhibit themselves. Adequate
facilities for transportation, only, will induce
laborious and costly excavation.
Before leaving Lookont Mountain, I cannot
refrain from some remarks upon the scenes of
great interest which meet the eye npon different
points on the top (you cannot say summit) of
Lookont. One is near* tho residence of Wm.
Dougherty, E-q. It is from tho point of do-
partnre of Pigeon Mountain from Lookout.
From their junction the monster mountains
widen. Lookont Monntain goes on until tho
Tennessee river washeB it away. Pigeon Moun
tain expires within sight. The cove enlarges at
your feet until at last the landscape clones by
Waldron’s Ridge running athwart it, far away
in the distance in Tennessee.
The other scene is th it presented at tlie falls
of Little River, near tho line between Georgia
and Alabama. Twenty-five years ago my atten
tion wus drawn to them by reading Norman’s
Rambles in Yucatan, iu which reference is made
to these falls. I visited them then. The im
pressions of a second visit were greater even
than the first. These falls are comparatively
unknown, yet from the combination of objects
of natural and artificial interest, they afford
one of the most striking scenes on 'this conli
nent. They can be reached, via Chattanooga,
by the Alabama and Chattanooga railroad, being
some teiLiniles from Winston, on that road.
There are two falls; one of about forty, the
other about eighty feet. Within fifty feet be
low the falls, a precipice has been worn on the
side of tho chasm, of some 200 feet of sand
rock and elate. The precipice has assumed the
appearance of a horse-shoe, enclosing three or
four acres on the top. Across the heel of the
shoe, there are the remains of two stone walls,
thirty steps apart, extending across from brow
to brow of the precipice. There is also n demi
lune covering a portion of the outer wails. On
the side of the precipice, nbont. thirty feet from
the top, and nearly 200 feet from the bottom,
and approached by a narrow ledge in tho rook,
there are three chambers cut into the solid rock,
connecting with each other and approachable
only by this - narrow ledge, and facing tbe
chasm. These chambers, which nre pirtinlly
closed in frout by solid stone pillars, vary from
ten to three or four feet iu height. It is alto
gether a most extraordinary locality. It hai-
evidently, at a very remote period, been a place
of refuge and defence. But for and by wliom ?
There aro large chestnut oaks growing out ol
and lapping with their roots the rocks of these
walls. Who did this ancient and curious work?
It is to these rock chambers that Norman chief
ly refers.-
It will be proper, in this connection, to refer
to Rock Town, on Pig-on Monntain. 7 or 8
miles from Lafayette. This locality I did not
visit; but it is described as being a very curi
ous place, of' about ope-half a mile in length
and a quarter of a mile in breadth, the rocks
stripped of their earthy covering rising to a con
siderable height, as houses of several stories
separated by streets and lanes.
These scenes of interest are referred to, al
though.not strictly within the bounds of my re
port, because, should a railroad render them
accessible, they will give to our people a de
lightful met hod of passing their summer months
without going out of tho bounds of their own
State.
I descended the monntain by Henderson's
Gap, with an intention of following the moun
tain still further south into Alabama, as far as
tbe point at which Little River pitches off the
monntain on the ea-t side, but was prevented
by being told that' the chasm was inaccessible,
nud that I could learn nothing of the structure
of tho mountain.
Along the base of the Lookont, and separa
ted by a narrow valley of an average one half
mile, there is n small mountain culled Shinbone,
which accompanies Lookout from Gadsden to
tho terminus of Pigeon Mountain. It is the
“ n T d if « *»"«*«• One of the minor throes
m uhicb Lookout wa« thrown nn in the great
agony of the earth fiomthe depths below. Tbi-
Shinbone monntain is an almost continuous bed
of pare fo6siliferous iron ore, from its begin
ning to its end. Thus the coal and the iron ore
nre within a mile of each other for a distance
of more than forty miles. The time null come
when this narrow valley will be filled with fur
naces. There is the coal, the iron, lime sand
stone, fire-clay, the wood and the water—all
that is needed is capital and transportation.
Leaving Shinbone, I crossed east to Dirt Sel
ler mountain, in the southern portion of Broom
Town Valley, iu Chattooga county. This moun
tain runs northeast and southwest, and is about
twelve miles long. I saw upon it, without ex
aggeration, acres of ground literally paved with
tbe heaviest and finest of fossiliferous iron ore,
of which I present specimens. The northeast
terminus of this remarkable mountain is sepa
rated from Taylor’s Ridge by the Chattooga
river. I crossed Taylor’s Ridge at what is known
by some as Cumpmeetiug Gap, by others ns
Treadaway’s Gap, near the head of Texas valley.
I examined the iron ore of the east side of
Taylor's Ridge, between Maddox Gap and
Treadawag. It is impossible to exiogeeutb
THE QUANTITY AND VALUE OF THIS ORE. It is in-
exhaustible, and is the same fossil ferous ore now
used at Cornwall and found at Round Moun
tain—pertaps richer and heavier than either.
I found tho people near these ridges sawing tbe
is steep; on the west, it descends very gradually.
Tbe Bidg&at the gap would afford no serious
obstacle to a ruilroud. After passing this ridge
the whole of the Zest of tho route would be a
coutinous level, with the exception of Catlett’s
Gap, in Pigeon Mountain. Coal would be
found much nearer than at Ronnd Mountain or
Lookout. But as far ns developed, the seams
on iho surface south of it nre too thin to be
valuable. Thicker seams, doubtless, exist
below them. But this is to be tested. At
Round Mountain they are now ready for profita
ble work.
This examination has cost mncli exposure,
discomfort and fatigue on my part. But the
results have been so unexpectedly satisfactory
_ that I wonid have undergone much more to at
tain them. They disclose is vast amount of
dormant material wealth, heretofore and now
wholly useless to the State.
It is propor in this connection to offer some
words of caution. There ore what aro called
“false coal measures,” which ore co-exteusive
with the Appalachian coal basin. Tbe false
measures extend from the Ca'skill to the South
ern terminus of Lookont mountain. This stra
tum has boen picked and pried into at many
localities, and occasionally thin seams of crush
ed and impure coal are found, but too impure,
irregularaud thin to be of any certaiucomuiercta'
▼able. The best authorities indicate the fact
that Lookout mountain is the eastern bonrdary
of workable coat in Georgia. I certainly have
found soon of tbo coal flora in S ig ir Valley
Gordon conuty, within five miles of tho West
era and Atlantic railroad. Bat there is reusun
to fear that these are indications only «>f tke
“false coal measures,” and that coal, if fuund
would.be so thiUHndimpuroastu be utterly vat-
a dess. With the present lights, it would be nu wise
t > expend money iu ah exploration fur coal tn
Georgia east of Lookont mountain. It is
fortuuate for us that Lookont, in Georgia, con
tains a full supply of coal for all our wants.
Iho question now arises as to whether it
would remunerate tho State to develop these
dormant resources by affording them railroad
transportation. It is now a settled fact that we
have coal, iron ore, and probably oil, in great
abundance. They are now worthless for want
•of transportation. There is not now sufficient
private capitul in the State to afford it. In or
der to learn whut would be tho effect upon
Georgia of the development of these resources,
we must examine its effects in other States,
where they have been developed. Upon this
subject, I have procured a mass of information
from the recent and admirable work of T. H.
Uaddow, of Poitsville, Pa., on coal, iron and
’oil. The importance and, to our people, the
novelty of the subjects, ns to their statistics
warrant mo in quoting largely from this very
valuable and exhaustive ivoik. In fact, the rest
of iny report will be so much made up of either
literal extracts or condensations fruiu D iddow
that, with ibis general uckuowli-dgrment, i do
not think quotation marks to be necessary.
The value of coal and iron in building upci'ies
and giving them permanent prosperity is, be
yond expression, meat Mirk the astonishing
growth in Great Britain, of Manchester, Bir
mingham, Leeds and Sheffield, and coin pi re it
with the uld and declining towns of C tulerbnry,
Winchester and* S tlislmry. The difference is
due to the presence or absence of coal.
Prof. Daniels writes thus of Pilt-burg, in
Pennsylvania: “ If you would see wh.it coat
can do for a people who turn it to foil -ccoun',
look at Pittsbtng. a city of loft,<XK) mb thm.nis,
built np by its mints of coal. Ittbst $30,000,-
000 by the rebellion without shocking its credit.
No city on this continent contains more solid
wealth iu proportion to its population. Its pios-
perily is permanent, for it is Iiim-J npon the
creation of new values. Possessing irt its coal
ho creative power, it stretches out its mighty
knit to be attained, a fit preparation by tha
whole State as a commonwealth for' all the. exi
gencies of the times, whether sudden or ex-
jiecteri, of peace or war.
The appreciation in the value of a large body
of aow vsliieless lauds, and the consequent in
crease in the taxable properly of the State, are
objects worthy of consideration. The coal
territory of Lookout Mountain covers a large
space. By coal territory is meant the whole
body of land in wWch coal shows itself at inter
vals, giving reason t» believe that the snrface is
underlaid with coal se^ma, at greater or less
depth, and of greater vir less thickness, and
discoverable by inuring'^hh, greater or less
profit. This coal Jerri toryi^ homo forty miles
loBg, and averaging eix milev i n breadth, and
contains abont 140,000 acres.. ’Sfiese lands, for
the moBt part, are wild lands, a*d would’ not
sell for an average of one dollar pS; acre.. -If
by tbe development of ci a at different points,
their average value could tie brought n* to $60
per acre, their value would he $3,OOO,GU0. The
animal State tax, at existing rates, would
amount to somewhat tuidei $12,000, agaimt
less than $600, provided tax be now paid ou all
of them. It wonid require bnt a tew large
collieries at different points to advance the
lands to an average value of $2(1 per acre. As
latea8 1820, the coal lands of tbe Pennsylvania
mountains were worth no more than the pres
enr value of tbe Lookont lauds.
Yet the Pennsylvania coal lands sell at an av
erage of $250 per acre. Good coal lands can be
purchased at $150 per acre, bnt they also com-
iu ind $1000 per iere. It is -"tdom that » large
coal tract con be purchased without inking in a
p iriidn of unproductive land Eugh-h co d hinds,
containing one-half Hie workable thickness of
coal, sell readily at $5,000 per aero The whole
mthradto region of. Pi-nn-vtvam i contains 320,-
000 acres, abont dunblo tho q ia itity of kind on
Lookont Mountain in Chattooga and Walker
counties. Yet the value of these anthracite
hinds .in Pennsylvania is estimated fit 80,000,
ooO The capital invested in mining them is
$40,000,000. The value of the railroads built to
transport the coal $70,000 000; of c <nds for the
same purpose, from $10,01)0,000 to $50.(100.000
—making u grand total invested in the extrac
tion ami transportation of coal alone, tn this
small area of 500 square miles, of $230,000,000.
These figures will exhibit tlie vastriess of the
coal interest when fully developed. This esti
mate dees not include iho investment of iron
and oil. tint coal nlonc. ’I has, in an area in
Pennsylvania less in size than one of onr large
counties, we find an investment in taxable prop
erty more than equalling the whole taxable
property of Georgia, in I860, in coal (done.
A person not familiar with this subject will
re amazed at the nnmber end length of canals
mid railroads tmitt for the tram-portution ot
coat. As early as 1829, the Dda ware and Had*
son Omni Company hud completed • a fine of
can,11 from the Hudson to Uoue.-dale in IVnn-
KilvsniA, a distance ot 108 miles, mid a railroad
15 imi-s long, ovi-r a luonntditi ICO!! fet-t high,
nt a cost of $7,000,000, for the sole object
reaching the coni oP Wyoming Valley. Iu 1864,
1,561,203 tons of evd were shipped over this
r-ui'e. Notwithstanding this large inveement,
this comp,iuy, for 40 years, has been declaring
h. ndbome dividends. Besides this canal, there
are six. railroad outlets to the coal of the Wy
oming region. Bv these outlets, there were
stopped, in 1864, from the Wyoming region,
4 8(4,811 tons of coal.
From the Shunt'-kin region, there are four
Qiflets by railroads hnilt for the purpose, making'
u total length of more than 109 miles
But tnese enumerations might lie multiplied
to weariness. The following summary will be
siifficit n' : Total length of duals employed in
tho anthracite coal trade in Pennsylvania, 905
miles. The h nglb of locomotive trucks, in
arms and gathers in Ihe wealth of half u e mu- ! ending sidelings, used exclusively 8s coal roads,
nent into its l ip. It brings to i s furnaces and . is 1.531} miles, and the length of the main lines
forges the iron nnd copper of L <ke Superior; 1.856 Too length of the nming tracks inside,
pro
fifty years oia, in a — | ri. se f n l. ■ . „
conld.not believe testimony or the evidenco of ^ Cons ii t nt:onatist concludes his deliver- I o^dttwUrtthe proper plao* to speak of the
his own senses. People came to him witn uio ag fo jj ow3 . excellent fire clay which is found in connection
ro3ultof their efforts to bbtnin admission for s„ much for the tonrnament, and so mnch with the coal at Round Mountain on Lookout,
themselves and their babies to tho State Fair— , j n particular which is to take place I submit a specimen, together with specimens
ftco dollars far each—babies, servants and all 1 at our Macon Fair. Bnt it must not be forgot- of coal from the mountain, and iron ore.from
_ . p. a fifteen—and ten that a mnch nobler tonrnament than this is the cove. . ,
One man had ten ano . a { so to be contested; we mean the plowing Pigeon Mountain, which, for a number of
another had twenty-fivo dollars worth of«season j , Alluding, finally, to this, Col. Lamar I miles, is qnite ns high ns Lookout, is a kind of
tiokets for their own families. Did anybody j g ’ offset from tho latter—Pigeon Mountain turn
over hear the like ? Isit true? Canitbetrue .Nothing has been written about this, but we fog *-° tbe ® as ‘’ L ^° Ut ^farMT
Hut at the Georgia State Fair two dollars each won]A rather that a son of ours should be the £ ®™£Etaii £ to ”S!a disappear* It is
member is charged for a family ticket? Is this victor in the plowing mateh than to wda do 8 u f the tw0 mountains in the form
intended to illuatrato that tho State is fifty, one J of pretty ^nrile^and^bright eyes vrotridUbe I of a^V which encloses tho C8T8 j. J
hundred, or five hundred, or a thousand years Tlnwort P hy the ownership of either if they should ^ e d e f g^ S n 0 ° C g a 7though°I had^beon kiformcd
behind the age ? Can’t the Executive Cdmmit- fai l to bestow ^^.^dTes^anSr^S ^eSy. I^^id^L^i Moun-
tee interfere and put a stop to this extortion and er who might run tho steadiest and stra g t t ^ ^ ^ G ° p j fonnd a jj nm b e r of places
unreason ? Is that whut the State Agricultural _ . . ,, , ,,, I *t which coal exhibited itself, but in all these
glass sand from Nt-w England, Mis.-miii and fl- j and outside of the mines, including tramways
liuois; laud frmn Wisconsin and Missouri; z'nc, J Hunting from mines to (hipping points, is 780
brass and tin from beyond tueseas. Yon paus miles. It mast be romemfit-red that these fig-
through its gigantic eHtiibliiditneu’9, gu d sue : ores refer to the stual! anthreqite region in
auii.zed at. the variety anil exieiit ot tlu ir p r * Pennsylvania. When w& consider the vast re
fected productions. Yet all these, from tl.e !gions of t ituminous coal in other States, the
must delicate fabric of glass to tbe ponderous ‘ length of crel railways in the United States fnnst
Cannon and $ieatu engine, are in the coal which • be very great Iu view of these facts, and of
underlies the smoky hills of Puts 1 mg. Phtla-! onr individual poverty, will the State of Geor-
delphia. New York, and all the iininnf setnfing ! gi» lie-ifatt d dcvelopbercoal domain by ashoit
cuies of New England Dave the greatest-source | side hue of twenty, or even, sixty miles in
of their productive power iu the mountains of ! h ngtli ?
Pennsylvania. I .The total products of the United States in
Wli-it ts to prevent onr having a Pittsburg in ! iron, rn J u> <1 y:I forJStit were as follows: In
Georgia? We have the coal, the iron ore the ! iron, 1.2U0«00 tons of pig iron. In 1810 the
lime, the Gre cbiv snd the sund reck Shull v.e j to‘R* ]nO ine-n..i was 54 000 tons
a it also have the transportation? Capita! will < !i» **”»!, ihe*tnr*l production m 1SG- uas 22,-
fo low it. ! 855.939 tons. This includes both anthracite
Tne addition to a people's physical strength j and littuminons coal. , •
who u-e c»i>d in the production of steam is pro-! In ml. iho total production, in la.66, was estl-
digions. Ten pounds of coal eppln d to rh. ma‘«J *t 12,000 barrels per day. or more than
production of mechanical power through the ! 3 000 000 barrels per aminm. The oil trade of
agency of steam is equal to a day’s work of a Pennsylvania alone, for 18<>8 is estimated at
strong man, or one and a half tons of coal to a , <>00. This includes not merely the erode
veer of m it n .1 laltor. Ten million tons of coal, ml, bur ri,.- urInilea mannfactnred from tk In
applied in Eugland to mechauieal I ihor-saving j 1862 !0,rS7. .01 gallons of oil were exported,
operations, is' the equivalent of 7 500,000 able ! Tins was Sold ,n Europe for specie at very high
bodied me . ner .mumu - ! prices, and during lhal year of the war revived
It won d require 700 men to transport the I the staggering credit of the United States enr-
musofcoal ^rdav.Tdioil^oflh^'foefp^ i "The growth of this trade has been magieak
Dt-Udicnl.tr 1 But a'steam engine of 100 horse It afforded, for a few years, the basis of wild
power, using five tons of coal a day, will do tho j speculation. But this speculaturn fillled an oth-
, T u \,.:,i. » „ | et wise worthless territory with cities ana rail-
8 ‘The fohowing paragraphs from D.iddow nre ! nmds It has now subsided into as regular and
so pregnant with mea.ring that special attention ! lncrntive a brunch of tudustry as coal or iron,
w inviTe.1 to them it should l.c remembered I I have stated, tn a former part of this report,
that the author is a North, rn man. and that his , my firm convictii.tx.that oil am be
wo-k was written before tho close ..f the - war. j muner.itive quantity in the section of the State
but when our defeat was more question of ; which
••The chief industrial or pnelnctive force of i It requires about $10,000 capital to sink an oil
the slave Stares w.!s derived from the labor of • well, it might require less under favorable cir-
, i mm non .1 nr these nerh»D9 not cumsfatices. In view of the magnitude of the
re .hmMHW J» were X full results (if the boring was successful.) could the
8i,tortsisns
ironoro into blocks, to put into the backs of | of men. wmmn nnd children was equal »« »h 8 , he faj.ject, to examine tho sec-
thetr chimneys, cs it stands fire well. This is jlatair of 1 000 000 nil grown men Urn labor, b(4T0 and if the indi-
ceneral in Keveral localities. ! rule, umh «xertt-cl s | y » * catioos weie deemed by him sufficient, to sink
8 Leaving Taylor’s Ridge, I passed Little Sand i without the assistance of skill «r m^hHUical ^ ^ e ,p eri inen.? Iu case of failure the
Mountain, containing millstone gnt and grind- means. I.ut^epreseuting a capt ■ qmmo loss to the State would be trifling. In case of
stone rook, but no iron ore. In Johns Monn-jOording to Southern ntpm 8, of v- >, , ’ 8Ilrcess tho result would bo grandly advantage-
tain I fonnd no iron ore, bnt in John’s Valley j The same amount of force would '-e exertwl lj succe^s^tno result ^
tho oil indications are remarkable, as upheavals, ; 150 power in steam _ ‘ J' ' * j j be par d one d, even In an industrial re
regularity of stratification, absence of fissures, ring, at $100 per horse power $lo 000 000 - l tu f l J r U ®J er rinK to a well known and most
richness of fossils and bituminons shale and hi- j Such nn addition of fore-e would be of tv. fold V™'™' ^["i^cident,
tnminona limestone rock. None of these indi- more value to tbe 8.000.0:W whites «T te n y/hen, on a certain occasion, the city of Rome
cations cross the Oostananln River. Ou the than their slave labor. Or. f - ' wa9 ^"aged by a mortal disease, Tarqnin sent
west bank of that river, there rises f cliff of slave labor, under the intaUigtint dewe op .t. two of bis sous t0 cocsn it the Delphic oracle on
limestone from the water forty or fifty feet iu , attainable by the uluve. the prod P”, the most effectual means of appeasing the
perpendicular height. Fragments of this lime- the South won d be increased * *“”*?*£? di „’ wrath of Appollo. Brntns accompinied them,
stone, when fresh broken, are offensive from -aecordmg totthe degree of mechanicalsskill - Aml)ition pv onipte d the sons of 'I arquin to in-
the smell of petroloum. These indications oc- played and the uses to which power * e ht fo ‘ ro they left Dolphos, .“Which of them
cur from John’s Valley to Coosaville, ten miles | The secret of the rapid decay of bontl ern re- ‘® “ | ome r P The ’ rep l y wftS , “He
below Romo, at the foot of tho ridges which are. sources and means ot defense is pr nan v m on “ eturlling home, shall first salute his
thrown np in wild confusion. At Johns Moun- tluur lack of coal, or thtir ^l'Preemtioti , its The princes interpreted this response
tain my examinations closed. j value. Had they developed their mineral re oracle literally, bnt Brutus figuratively;
A largo portion of tbe countieB of Chattooga sources, which are auundant, and inerea>ed therefore, on reaching the Italian coast,
and Walker is imprisoned by mountains. Pigeon their industrial or productive power by the me- • gs , f aceidell t, and saluteit his mother
on tbo north, Taylor’s Ridge on the east. Look- j chanical force denved froin the judicious use of i ear}b _ ’ Th( , Tarqu i ns were ignominionsly ex-
out on the west, and Dirtseller on the south, CO al and iron, these 12,000,000 l^aiple 'V ) "l<j: pe p ed f rom B 0 me, Brutus became Consul, and
forming a parallelogram. The soil thns en- nover liave rebelled; lint haviiig reliclled, would j namPt in a p t ime, will be a synonym forhe-
closed, including the oovo and Armuehee Valley, never have been brought to submission. | roie patriotism.
is excellent farming valley land, producing tho The ability to produce iron in sufficient quan- j F‘ ^ g pe ’j e) arCj j n 0 se nse, prostrate.—
best cotton that I havo Beon this year, in HDy tiiicts to supply the wants of a nation, itnder all ^ b ^ VG f^i en to the earth, not by accident,
part of the State. Tho valno is of courso n>«ch icircnmstances of war or jieace, constitutes an j feut have been 8 tncken down by the blow of a
depreciated
Booiety was mado for, ot*as t
people to interest themselves i
in the agrionltnro of the State ?
Annexation an«I Fussing.
less to express the opinion that the grand future I fcTer h een made for coal, as it would now be
of Georgia is in the keeping of such represents- Ta i ne i eS3 f or want of transportation,
tiye sons who will guide the plow next week at The mountain is, here, from twelve to thir-
1 . ... ... ,, v . with especial pride on tnose iodusi uuuie bag opened a co „i mine some nity leenrom xne
Ms* naval expediUon which left now xoik ^ U 0 doubt many of the contestants will I top of t jj 0 mountain. A heavy force is now nt
#* Wednesday is to take possession ot the I y 0lin g mcn who never knew the art of plow-1 wor t there. The seam is said to be very thick,
Bay of Samana for the United States. It will fog practically before 1865. Our hearts will go I and the coa i 0 f good quality. The raUroadis
k. remembered that tho treaty for tho purchase out with them, God bless them! for they liave between one and two miles from the bum at
be remembered that tho treaty lor tuo purenase selflrespcct and will one day win their Winston. The place is 44 miles from Chatta-
at this naval station was negotiated, but wa« We rej ^ lce t0 learn that this sort of nooga .
not ratified by tho Senate. lonmaraent was contested at all Virginia Fairs Iexamined, ascarefollyaspracticable.thetop
A portion of a self appointed delegation had |,y large numbers of young men who once “wore j ©f the mountain, from its junction trith Pigeon
iew with the President to-day for the the grey,” and it is* worthy of repelitioiy that Mountain down to the point at which it leaves
. ( ba annexation of tha Do the plaudits they received from the grand Yir- the Georgia- line, a distance of some 15 miles.
pmpu.0 of urging the annexation of the Do were worth a monarch’s ransom Goal crops ont at intervals along the whole way,
minion of Canada to the United State*. It did more beside. The youth who won the prize bnt always in the thin seams referred to. That
mot appear that any active steps in that diree- at Richmond was offered $2,500 a year to there is a vast quantity of coal in Lookout
lion had so far been taken. superintend a cotton plantation. This, so Mountain for forty miles withm the territory of
(ton had so far been laaen , flom Enquirer, he declined, evi- Georgia I have no doubt The width of this
B»r River Biudoe.—Work, at last, has J dently thinking that though this was a much Georgia coal territo^ varies from one to twelve
Men begun on the East river suspension bridge, j greater sum than the majontyof derks obtain, j mile*. ^ . ialaMefa eeaidentollw iltlPttWV tflfi wllfllfl
IZTo fet he had back^ne enough Snd teta enough 1 taSf.at intervals accidentafly during the whole
The engineers, as a first stop, are constru g j tQ ran b ; g own f arrow in the fields of success. I distance. I found it at tbe falls of Little river,
i immense cone, which ifl to be lowered on the There is another consideration happily hit upon J near the surface, and the mountain resting npon
mud at the bottom of tbe river. The water on by Col. Thomas Branch, in his address, that “«
, inside is to be pumped out, and the work- gentleman who could take a premium for first-
. . v ., - . ..., I class ploughing could borrow thousands, when
men will then descend to construct tho fonnda- (h( ^ JgJ jg, troiling ho „ t Muld not borrou
lion for the pier. Two sets of air pumps will I one cm t." We have no doubt Colonel Branch
he supplied, to prevent accident, and to keep 1 wonid give a personal proof,rif necessary, of the
the workman plentifully supplied with fresh troth of his observaUon, and he might have
loe v j rr added, witheqnal troth, that a first-class plough-
•ir. ... 1 man with brains can command trotting horses
Mxlwaukes is engaged in a controversy abont I later in life when contemporaneous sports are
vaccinating the children in the public schools. J very shaky, even on Shanks mare.
it at the bottom ot the chasm at' least two hun
dred feet deep.
As there has been no search for coal on the
mountain, it exhibits itself only by the denuda
tion in the bottom of little streams. I did not
hear of a well on the whole monntain, springs,
sometimes freestone but generally chalybeate,
being abundant. I was therefore deprived of
this usual mode of determining the strata from
tea to sixty feet below the surface.
The monntain dishes gradually toward the
from wasbij^^^
Washington, November 15 j '
stables are semi-weekly occurrence, ^ ^
construction-of wbich eOtffcSTZ****.*
Ge “; V> ' lll&ms ? 0bt » valuable hor ee
The President has appointed J 0a . r
felW - Kingston, viceAa^^
pended.
The Tribune say*, editorially: Th.
nnxr in .1. » - ’ tu “
monyin the drawback frauds was H
day, and so far opens the case that »h e “
name the principal conspirator. Thl S
have been going on for fire or Bis ?!
work must have robbed tho 61
amount of money. Samuel T. HiackL & Vl *
leading spirit-his assistants bein-
* Co., custom house brokers; Romerin
F. A'. Howard, a clerk in tho 1^ ’ ‘ Il !l 8 s >:aai
V« aaliington. Tliomoet importUiiVwn^ ^ arva:i K
'• aclerk named Korn, who is familiar^
“■abactions and was an interested uartr^
eXtent - N< Ie was arrested in Janusrv bate
the jn,hcoV eufferiog alone whito’,^
fenders went ^ he to M the’ .J*
Dh-trict Attomcy. w.1.,^. , 8t0I J toihj
withheld aro
determined to eitt tho matter
aminaiion is adjourned until
Revenue to-day, $870,000. ' U - T '
Tbe Sheriff or Pliiladelphia has arresreiV'
Supervisor Sutton, for seizing a distiUsrr
Walkei’e final illness iuterrnpted a .
article going to show that New York woolL
exceed London as a commercial centre. ^ 10 ^
Tlie American Bank Note Printing ci mni „,.
snmed tbe printing of Fedenl ' ^
The examination into tho alWed'Lj*"" 1 ' 7 '
the " reEn!lri *l
haring been concluded, tho examin.tioTn/
affairs of the National Bank Note Coni DlnT f
nienced to-day. Their operations h« 8 bJ
pomletl until the completion of the iuTesUn,;‘ 5 "
Treasurer Spinner is quite sick, ° 1
Washington, Norember 14.-R is asserted,^
much pusitivencBs, and wiU be widely r-ia t i’T°
the morning, that the points of Simimr’s moi
against the Alabama treaty emanated bom *
J Walker, and were furnished wiih aritKof 4
during complications which would lr&d tn
ation of Nora Scotia. ' toa ’
ARKIVAI, OFTKI^SPSCIALTILVIMS w .
A l.nta, November 15.—Tho exenrsion trah
left li-ro tis morning with Hon. Sioiou C.m r®
Hon. G. W. Woodward. G-n. Horace Capmn <&
J. W. Forney, Hon. Columbus Delano and daiiri,t a
and otbeia. for the Fair at Macon. The «
f Gov. Bollock, was decorated wi h theetm,,;
*■ rifies, and the engine and coaches ailome) witi
the mottoes. “To Georgia.” “Harvest
“Wo Oume.” “A Common Interest join, w
Hinds.’’ -Glad plenty laughs, tho vallewn®-
reviving Commerce lift# her head, andhewla'i
mourest at tha plow or flafi will bo the knigt.cts
flay tbe draoon’s tail ” Guests have been rtMirf
everywhere with marked respect, and treated tjfi
the utmi Bt cordiality by the Comnattio fromthi
Georgia Agricultural Sorioty, Col Hulbert and Gw.
Bul’ock.
FROM ALABAMA.
JIoN'TooMEUT, November 15 —Tim Alabama lej.
islatnre met to-day. The Govenu r's mrestge va
read in lmth Houses and was very Cuntemtm
He combats tlio call mado for martial 'aw, andnjt
there has iieen no necessity for it. Ha sets forth
the general peacefulness of tbe people and
vantage offered in this State for emigration; fr<*
reduction of taxes and a limitation of the SUfetfr
doroQmeut to Rrilroads. Tbe message is curl)
regardi d as mcrojnoderats and co.,berratiT< tin
was expected.
It is raining to-day.
From m.\v tokr.
New York, November 15.—Tbe C iban Junta bin
honorably discharged tbe officers and crew ot fit
Cuba, detained at Wilmington.
New Yo :x, November 15 Tbo strike of bra’ s'
men on the railroads continues e it ending, is
engineers’ strike is apprehended.
* GENERAL SEWS.
San Fb vncikco, November 12.—The eastern tori
W-ste-n Pacific train and the Alma U Forty tr/i,
each traveling thirty-five miles per hour, collide!,
Eleven dead bodies were taken from tbe wreck. D
appeals that tbe accident arose trom the
tender mistaking tbe gravel for tho regular trei^
and said-“all right, go- ahead.”
Cleveland, Omo, November 15 —J. 6. Bad,
Cashier of tbe First National Bank, committed
cido to-day—cause, losses during tbe late gall
panic. The officer* of tho bank publish a ml
pledging themselves individually for the bank’s ob
ligations.
Chicago, November 15.—The journeymen taika
havo struck.
Fortress Mosroe, November 15—The ship 64
couda has sailed for Liberia with a number of mi
grant*.
Baleiou, N. C-, November 15.—The LeguU®*
met hero to-day, but no cy lorum being presentii-
jonmed until to-morrow.
FOREIGN NEWS.
London. November 15.—The Bisliop of h* 33
preached Peabody’s funeral sermon at Wot Sm*
te’r Abbey to-day before an immense attenito*
Tbe Bisliop paid: “No antitied commoner butts
gathered such a concourse of sincere **•*
around hie gravo. Ho labored to relieve th**-*
of tho poor, and by them he was beloved u
those who sympathize with purity, honor taJ -*■
nevolence. R was bis business to gatlitriaJ U
joy to give. Two nations would ever reverd* 4 "
name which forms another bond of union
many, ...
of wheat to market, and other things in propor-. Q ur a bilitv to produce
tion. As a consequence, there is a largo eim- j c „ nwr nio n 'tlv we make use of that element of
gration from these counties, principally to Tex- ■ rtren g t |, to ’its fiillert extent in the production
ns, Arkansas and Kansas. This is principally , of ; ronK .i a d sliijis, the fabrication of superior
from the tenant and laboring classes, nnd not | t i, e munufacturc of the most elf cctive
the landholders. These must suffer severely > “ m l ]i arm , ) an d an unlimited sup|ily of rails,
for want of labor hereafter. ' rolling stock, etc. Ami not only liave we the
' * V ace ; Iron In ah, ' ‘ ** *
our gTeatcBt real prosperity. „
may “wear yet a precious jewel in its head.
We shall bo wise if we imitate tho ancient Brn-
“ “ If we aro
Trion Factory, on the Chalttooga, is a place ; j ron g, abundance for all these purposes, bnt
of much interest. The principal building is four: our j ron nnd coa j cna j,| e 0 ur mechanic* to mill
stones high, 170 feet long and 44 feet wide, “-jriply their labor or productive ability over a
popnlation of 450 persons is hero assembled. j llIrK iredfold as compared with tlie productive
The horse power is rated at 175. FlV0 hundred pow(?r 0 f t j ie unskilled labor of the South,
and thirty thousand pounds of cotton were nsed 1 jj ad , be Confederates tbe means and ability
last year, and the gross Ba * e f “ monnt f “. to ' to bnild ironclad rams in proportion to their
$222,133. The annual expense of transportation | nnmbera and m i nera i resources, our great su-
is$3500. 4932 spindles “ Te 111 ‘ ncriority on tho water would have beenneu-
operation. In 1866, over $12,000 freight was and their cotton made available for war
paid at Ringgold. The principal proprietor, j oses jj a6 depending entirely on brute
Mr. Allgood, a gentleman of nnusnal intern- j- orce tbeir resources and means of defense
gence and energy, states that, with railroad ta- 1 bftv9 deprcc j a ted in ratio of their loss of able-
eilities, the products of this mill could be great-, bod ; ed lll0n f rom whatever cause,
ly increased. Afewmora snob establishments Virginia contains more coal than Ponnsylva-
would go very far towards tho support of a rail
road.
nia, yet, thongli the oldest State, she has never
made it available by development, and not one
If the object b' to reach coal and iron for the pro-
and oil alone, these ends' could he obtained Jj nction of iron by t h 0 JjW furnace since the
by a railroad from Ringgold to Cooper 8 Gap, i commencement 0 f the war, and but a fewtons
in McLemoro’s cove,' a distance of less tuan ( before, the Richmond coal befog too impure
twenty miles. | for BUC b purposes. Tennessee was the only
But if, in connection with ‘bese.itisdo - gouthern in which iron was made from
signed to liberate the agricnltaral and mineral minoral coal> and tho pro ,iaction there oeased
resources of this whole section, there is an easy
route from Kingston for a railroad. Turning off
from the State road one and a half miles from
Kingston, the road would cross the Oostanaula
at Hope’s Ferry, sweep up the Armuehee val
ley, cross Taylor's Bulge at Treadaway’s Gap,
keep np the valley of the Chattooga river by
Trion Factory, cross Pigeon Monntain (hardly
a hill) at Catlett’s Gap. and, passing through the
cove, reach Lookout Mountain at Cooper t- Gap,
a distance of abont sixiy miles. The first eight
miles of this route, after leaving Kingston, ia
poor, valuable only for timber, which is fine.
Four out of these eight miles are rough. From
on the occupation of Chattanooga by the Fed
eral forces.”
"Will onr Georgia statesmen and lawmakers
ponder these paragraphs, and avoid that fatuity
by wbicbJHn the language of Coleridge, ‘‘our
fcxporicncd is a light in th® Bt®m of a *hip 5
shining only over her wake.
The development of our iron ana coal re-
Muroes in North Georgia, by transportation
afforded by the State, wonid be not merely a
local or sectional benefit; while every man in
Georgia, in whatever part of it. who use* a
saw or hammer, or drives • a nail, or run* »
tbi Oostanaula to Taylor’s Ridge, the country plengh or a ws^n is inte^ted i^cheapening
ia very level. Taylor’s Ridge, on the east aide, coal aad iroa. There w a higber ana wia r
England and America.
Madrid, November 15.—The Bishop ot E» na
was arrested at Cadiz today.
The Minister of Colonies said in Cortes. W
treatment of the Colonies would ho siwb * ^
make tlieir inhabitants proud of being ci'-h'' ■ i 1 "
iards. The Minister added that the qaest-to *
abolition of slavery and the compensatiw; d j*
ers would soon bo settled in away to causa the I- *
injuries.- Tho answers were elicited brir'
tovies from Porto Bican Depnt»«o. sjabsei-^ 11 -'"
Minister said tho Government proposed w
Porto Eico as a Province—not a» a Colony •*
he agreed with the aboliUon. and in the ia-*
cation to owners for losses. ^
Paris, November 15.—-There are e ‘ ^
meetings but thero are nieiher distun.^ 1
arrests. vot
Tbe Emperor reviewed tbe troops »t 01
He was enthusiastically greeted by the peop
the troops.
tus, and “salute our mother” earth,
dutiful, she will teach us how to rise and
achieve greatness. For none of her children,
fo nil her wide domain, docs she hold in store a
richer affluence of valuable gifts than for ns.—
She has given to ns, npon onr plains, that mar
velous plant, so delicate that in infancy it per
ishes before the slightest unkindness orthe
frosts of spring, and in its matured product,
light and frail almost as gossamer, yet which
has modified foe destiny of a race of men, con
vulsed, indirectly, this country with war, and
now roles the commerce of the world, creating
the strangest episode of history.
Duried in her mountains, she holds in reserve
for us her priceless treasures of coal and iron.
What more oonld we ask or desire ? It is from
oar mother earth, from her agricultural pro-
ductH, and b§r minos, that w® nr© to seek, not
merely restoration, but a prosperity which we
have not before known? By the creation of
new value* we may more than compensate for
the values we have lost No pressure, however
great, nave that which the Almighty imposes,
oan long hold prostrate a State wbioh oon grow
cotton, and dig ooal, and manufacture iron, and
nig* food for foe laborers in these several in
dustries. Without exaggeration, she may be
said, fo a good degree, tobe independent of the
rest of mankind.
Allow me to close this report with the expres
sion of an earnest hope, that prompt and wise
legislation will enable our stricken people to
develop our dormant but grand resources.
Respectfully, 0. W. Howard.
Tea in Nortli Carolina- ^
Miss Mattie H. Pearce,
low county, N. C., writes to the Jcnm* 1
meroe as follows: , W
I have been informed by old peM° n ^
has been grown fo North Carolina 1 ^
years. We are now only m *ajL
man’s knowledge for curing it. J- • at et
very prolific fo growth. It
sowing. Broadcast—afterwards
Sprouting fo early spring,
five pickings. In July its weds
five pickings, in duiy
end sprout, and at thiadate
blooming and seeding, rieldmgtbeucro^^
ing six mope a year. It grow
five feet high, befog the
ever saw. It flourishes in 1 8 “^ e a , 0 cU|f
without cultivation, in marl, cloy , d jit.i
In the soil about New _J°* it ^ c g to' 3 »,
suppose, two crops. Tbe *»
tough, would make paper or rop®«
wbioh I send you ia the growui ^ „
The tea will wilt wifo our ^^jjth*
frost, leaving stalks “JJ* wi ? t ®. r ’_i'ws —
hea or black tea. The first p g^ogt*^
green tea. (See- Encyclopedia of
by Hugh Murray, volume XP»6 ^ ,an,^
several bags of tea simply 0!
and tea for sale. Large ^ill snSf,
I will sell for one dolUr. Tfo*^
one acre, wbioh will yield 1,M® P°
Th* boiler of a saw-mill, belonging to Col.
Irby, near Eufaula, burst on Saturday morning,
killing one negro and severely aealdfog several
ethers.
A fine plantation ia offered for sale by Mr. U.
J. Dtckeraon, of Savannah, Ga. Bee advertise,
meat.
ft
~ , of tw *
It ia estimated that by foe statt^
1869 there will be laid in fo* f
round numbers, 110,000 ton
equal to 1,100 miles of steel roM, ^
amount abont 38,000 tons («l™“ 8 £ 0 n.
will be laid daring foe P” 8 !?.,, fifty
rails are in use on morepn^
roads, and are partly of , t Q f f 1 ^
of English, and to a «U<41
Ojanufaetur*: ^
X -■ f -- -