Newspaper Page Text
LIT Eli .A TRY
i'crnpf ranee (^rusafe
PENUJELD, GEORGIA.
L. LINCOLN VEAZEY, Editor.
THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 21, 1858.
16^“Do you wish a paper whir'll you can place
without fear in the hands of your children?
Take the Crusader. We design making it a
journal eminently fitted for the family fireside.
American Medical Gazette, edited by
I). M. Reese, M. !>.. L. L. 1)., No. 10, Union
Square, N. Y., is a handsome journal, issued
monthly for two dollars a year in advance.
The Southern Medical & Surgical Journal
is eminently worthy of the patronage of South
ern physicians. It is edited by Drs. H. F. <t R.
Campbell. Price 53.00 a year.
JBSay We would be far happier, perhaps far bet
ter, could we believe all we see or hear. The ne
cessity of doubt and distrust is one of the ills to
which flesh is heir.
Mr. Samuel H. Smith, formerly of the Cassville
Standard , will shortly issue anew paper in Carters
ville, Cass County, Georgia. It will be called the
Chartersville Express, and be devoted to Democratic
politics, Science, Art, &c. Terms, $2 a-year.
IgA. Tie who receives his views and opinions
from others, is in the most degrading of all servi
tudes. Whatever may be his intellectual abili
ties, he can never be consistent, and seldom rea
sonable. Yet, how many have voluntarily placed
themselves in this condition from a simple ambi
tion to ape imaginary greatness!
republication of Blackwood’s Maga
zine is one of the most readable of American
Monthlies. It is republished by L. Scott & Cos.,
New York, at 53.00 a year. Blackwood and any
of the four Reviews may be had for $5.00. Black”
wood and all for SIO.OO. New volumes of all
these, commence with the present month.
Owing to various causes, the Academy in this
place, long known as the Preparatory Department
of the University, has gone down to a very low
eonditition; not hopelessly so, however. A teach
er of ability and perseverance could, we think, in
year or two, make it one of the best paying
schools in our country. It has been so, and we
see no good reason why it may not be again. We
are pleased to learn that Mr. A.S. Morgan propo
ses taking the school for the ensuing term, and
hope lie will meet with such encouragement as
shall authorize his continuance until it shall be
re-established in its wonted respectability. He
is a young man of good character, fine talents,
and accurate and thorough scholarship. For fur
ther information, we refer to his card, which will
be found on our first page under the head of New
Business.
■! Q I
We take the following item of Kansas news
from a private letter written by our friend B. F. Brant
ly, eldest son of “ Uncle Ben
Dear Lincoln : We had a brush,with the abolitionists
on last Wednesday, 16th; a company of outlaws, num
bering about 65 men, are camped on the Osage about
12 miles from here. The Sheriff attempted to arrest
some of them, when he was repelled. He summoned a
posse of 40 men, and returned to execute the writs in ;
his hands. They refused to be taken. He ordered Dr.
Hamilton, a daring fellow from Georgia, to pick ten
men and take them. He chose me as one of his men
1
and we started to their fortified house. When within one
hundred yards they fired on us; and for five minutes
the bullets rained around us, knocking the bark off the
trees, and tearing the limbs into fragments. The first
ball fired by them, struck my right arm above the
wrist, taking the hide off for about three inches. My i
horse, a splendid animal, was shot in the thighs, the
ball going completely through him. Our men fired a
volley at them, hitting one of the outlaws in the belly.
This was the only damage done by either party. They
left the house and took a stronger position. We will
start after them in a few days with a piece of artillery.
You cannot fathom your mind. There is
a well of thought there which lias no bottom.
The move you draw from it, the more clear and
plentiful it will be.
It is not in Holy Writ alone that a sermon lies
in a sentence. We frequently find in hooks of
human wisdom a sentence so concise, yet so com
prehensive, that a volumo cotdd not express more.
Such lines the finger of genius alone can trace.
How impressively beautiful to compare the
thoughts and emotions of the mind to the vast
world of the ocean’s waters. It represents in a
style of magnificence the greatness of this heav
en-imparted faculty; yet, it is no illusive figure.
We know not, nor can we when described, fully
comprehend the power that is within us. A boy
v- wandering by the sea-shore to collect the shells
which the waves had scattered there, might easi
ly imagine that its waters could soon be exhaust
ed. But when the attempt is made; when untold
volumes have been rolled away, the quantity re
’ mains undiminished. Other waters have flowed
into to take the place of that which was remov
ed, and he finds the task hopelessly vain. Such
would be the result were one to attempt an ex
haustion of the mind. Jt may be shallow. It
may never have flowed into high billows of en
thusiasm, and sunk into the chasms of despon*
dency. It may never have felt the genial glow
which the muse’s inspiration bestows on polished
breast. But you cannot exhaust it; for in the
very effort you will increase its depth and enlarge
its capacities to an incalculable extent. Each
desire will produce new aspirations, and every
emotion other emotions, until the mind’s identity
can scarce be recognised.
This truth has an important, practical bearing.
expansion follows mental exercise as nat
urally as the muscles of the frame become strong
ami firm by physical labor. The laws which gov
ern the health of the one, will apply equally to
other. It is not by a great abundance of food
that either the mind or body is strengthened and
sustained. One active, vigorous, original thought
does far more toward intellectual development
A than the perusal of a library. Anew thought
brought out by one’s own powers, is a positive
achievement which can never be lost or taken
away. It adds so much to the soul’s stature, and
by its inherent energies, begets others in endless
succession.
It is a fact which too many forget, that a great
•amount of reading is not favorable to intellectu
al-improvement. Mental food requires digestion
Just as much as that which is taken for the nour
ishment of the body. He who reads largely and
at random, will sooner or later experience a de
rangement of his faculties, which, to all but the
’ most prudent will prove utterly incurable. It is
sad to contemplate the many fine intellects,
which have been shattered and ruined by this ill-1
adVised, regimen. Minds have thus gone out in i
darkness, which, had they been well trained
have raised their possessors to the highest
positions of usefulness and honor.
“ You cannot fathom your mind ;” but rest not j
satisfied with this assurance of its depth. Seek
to explore it, however remote the hope of discov I
ering its bottom may appear. In its secret reces-!
ses, which as yet lie unobserved, you may find \
bright gems and costly treasures, which will not j
only benefit yourself, but enrich the world.
EDUCATION.
Perhaps no subject has attracted more atten
tion for the last half century than that of educa
tion. It has not only been a popular theme for
didactic essay, but also one upon which much
practical energy has been expended. The best
talent of the age has been laid under contribu
tion to devise plans whereby the cause might be
promoted, elevated and advanced. The scholar
and statesman have given it their labors. In our
own State a Legislature has not assembled for
many years which has not given this subject a
large share of their attention; yet, no results
have been produced commensurate with all these
efforts. There is nothing with respect to which
men entertain more erroneous view's, or devise
more utopian schemes. To-day, our system of
education is less perfect, ami less beneficial in its
results than before this jh’eat enthusiasm was
awakened.
Os the Northern portion of our confederacy this
may not be strictly true. There, a system has
been originated and almost perfected, which
brings a common school education within reach
of the poorest, and scarce any one can have an
apology for not availing himself of its advantages.
Various obstacles, however, oppose the obtain
ment of such a plan South. The chief of these
is the increasing tendency to divide the land into
large plantations, so that we are really as ill situ
ated as if the country w r ere
ted. Almost every man that can afford it has
abandoned his farm, and moved into some vil
lage. There, despite a vast superfluity of non
sense and humbug, they manage to keep up a tol
erably good school. Those, however, who are
able neither to live in town or board their chil
dren there, are almost totally deprived of any ed
ucational advantages. It is very evident that no
system could benefit these classes while the man- j
ners and customs of our people continue as they j
are now. Even a free school could not be estab- ,
lished in a community where not more than five •
or six pupils could attend. If all whose business (
lie in the country would live there, this might be
remedied.
Another difficulty has been that the enthusi
asm on the subject has ran entirely too high.
Enthusiasm is not a quality which can be pro
ductive of certain good in undertakings of this
nature. In a battle or a revolution it is above all
things desirable; but when the ways and means
of accomplishing a given end are to be decided,
it is always dangerous and sometimes fatal. It
causes men to aim too high, and to strive for im
possibilities. This has been the character of the
efforts mde by the friends of education in the
South. Thej’ have not limited their ambition to
the establishment of a thorough common school
system which would enable every one to acquire
the rudiments of a plain, English education. Their
rage ran for the building up of high schools and
colleges. In every community where a few thou
sands could be raised for the erection of an impo
sing house, they have their Presidents, Professors,
extensive curricular of study, and many other ap
pendages, all duly announced in flaming circu
lars and tastefully gotten up catalogues. The re
sult is, that while institutions of these high sound
ing pretensions have multiplied until they are
almost nuisances, the condition of the lower clas
ses is no better than it was fifty years ago.
From this arises immediately another great
evil under which our system labors. Education
has ceased to be chiefly a matter indispensa
ble to individual and public weal, but attention
is given to it mainly because it is fashionable.
This may be clearly seen almost in any part of the
South. Two or three of the notabilities of a com
munity send their sons to a college, where it may
be they acquit themselves with credit and distinc
tion. The acquisition of a collegiate education
renders them useful members of society. Forth
with every man whose pecuniary ability places
it in his power, must give his sons the same ad
vantages, the question of their intellectual capa
city to be benefitted by them being utterly ig
nored. Some, are of course, profitedthereby, but
many, very many, are hopelessly injured, often
ruined. The plow, the anvil and adze are aban
doned by those who could use them with skill
and efficiency, in order that they may become
wretched teaclfers, blundering physicians or
briefless lawyers.
A college or school of high character upon every
hill-top, is very far from being blessings to acoun
try. One among their greatest evils is, that they
tend to foster that notion of fashionable educa
tion which at first produced them. An institu
tion of learning without an endowment to render
it independent, must be in a great degree controll
ed by its patrons. They have, by their moneyed
influence, the power of directing all their rules
and regulations. Os course, when one of these
sovereigns thinks it essential to his standing in
society that his sons should “go through” one of
them, there will be no difficulty in his passage, if
his faro is promptly paid. He is entered, and in
due time comes forth properly labelled, “ taught
in all the arts and sciences.” If the fond father
who has just relieved his purse of a thousand or
two for this accomplished education, should ask
his young hopeful to calculate the interest on a
plain note, he may gain some inkling that he has
been humbugged. But he cannot complain of this
with any show of justice, as lie has aided in form
ing the public opinion which created the necessi
ty for deception.
There is nothing more absurd than an attempt
to give the masses a high degree of mental culti
vation. It cannot be done, and if it oould it
would derange and finally destroy society. •Edu
cation can be available as a matter of practical
utility to comparatively few. By far the larger
portion of mankind have to gain their livings by
occupations to which, if learning is advantageous,
it. is by no means essential. But it is not the ten
dency of our present school system to make men
better farmers, merchants and mechanics by vir
tue of their education. Young men learn as one
of their first lessons, that all manual labor is un
dignified and consequently unbecoming. They
look upon the tools of honest industry as badges
of disgrace with which it would be a shame to ac
knowledge an acquaintance. The i*esult is that
while the number of our plain, practical business
men of the good old stamp is getting to be lam
entably small, the “learned professions” are
crowded to overflowing.
These are evils in our present educatiqnal sys
tem to which error in public opinion has given
rise, and which can be remedied only by chang
ing the sentiments of the people. These, of them
selves, would be sufficient to prevent a plan of ed
ucation thorough, practical, and well adapted to
the different classes of society, from obtaining at
the South. There are, however, other evils for
which the educators themselves are in a groat de
gree responsible. These we may notice at. some
future time, and for the present bring to si close
an article which has been already spun to too
great a length.
Arthur’s Home Magazine for February is
before us, and a most splendid number it is. If
you wish to place a good periodical in the hands
of your wife or daughter, send for Arthur. Price
$2.00 a year, 4 copies $5.00.
JQT* A little volume entitled “A Manual of
Business and Guide to Success ” has been sent to
us from the publishing house of Fowler & Wells,
New York. It contains a large number of pre
cepts, rules and maxims, which young men just
beginning life would do well to read and observe.
INK-DROPS.
“ The chamber where the good man meets his fate.
Is privileged beyond ihe common walk
Os virtuous life, quite in the verge of Heaven.”
“ Howe’er it be, it seems to me
’Tis only noble to be good.”
Alexander conquered a world, and died in a tit
of drunken revelry; Hannibal shook Rome to her
centre, stripped bushels of rings from the fingers
of her slaughtered knights—was praised like a
God and administered the poisoned chalice to_ his
own lips; Ctesar took a thousand cities, killed a
million of his enemies, overcome every opponent
and was cruelly murdered amid the scenes ol his ,
triumphs by the hand of him whom he had most j
trusted; Napoleon threw princes from their pin
nacles of power, made thrones and diadems his
playthings, wrapt Europe in a continued flame of
war and died a lone exile on a barren rock:
Washington liberated a nation and sank peace
fully to his final rest, attended by one loud wail
of mourning from that nation’s heart. All these
achieved greatness and won admiration; but
only one was beloved. Each will
blot out some ray from the halo of their glory,
but will impart to his a more effulgent brightness.
His is a fame revered by men and sanctified of
Heaven, and can never pass away.
What a pure and holy light beams forth from
a good name in this sin-darkened world of ours.
The breath of calumny may indeed sometimes ob
scure its lustre. The carping infidel may strive
to destroy a virtue in others which his depraved
nature refuses to emulate, lmt these will be blown
aside lightly as morning vapors that becloud the
sun. Through all the years of lengthened ages
its light shines on, silently and steadily, inciting
men to deeds of benevolence and love. Who can
look on the firmament of history studded with these
brilliants and not feel in him aspirations to do
something great and good ? Ambition may proud
ly point to those who have left their footprints
on the rounds of fame imprinted in human gore.
Philosophy may name those who scaled the top
most towers of thought and looked thence into
the great unknown. Religion may call over her
calender of sainted devotees who sought Heaven
“by making earth a hell.” But none of these
can compare in Moral beauty and lasting fame
with those whose only pleasure and glory was in
being and doing good.
There is a power in goodness which force cannot
overcome, or hypocrisy counterfeit. The clouds
of misfortune may enshroud, the waves of des
pondency overflow, and the flames of oppression
may envelope it; but it will rise above them all
with the purity of light and the brightness of
Heaven. In the darkest hour of trouble it can
invoke some unseen influence from on high to
nerve its flagging energies and soothe its sorrows.
It was this that fed Elijah in the wilderness, de
fended Daniel in the den of lions and enabled
the Hebrew children to walk with the Son of God
through the seven-fold heated furnace of tire ty
rant's wrath. By it the wisest of heathen sages
was nerved when he took the fatal hemlock,
which he had won by his devotion to his country,
and his reverence for a sublime but mistaken
philosophy. It bore up the beloved disciple in
the spirit and spread out before him such visions
of heavenly glory as mortal eyes had never seen.
It lent the Monk of St. Augustine a vigor to deal
deadly blows to the mystery of iniquities, sus
tained the pious Baxter amid the persecutions
and allurements of a dissolute court and enabled
the unlearned Bunyan in the gloom of a prison
cell to dream “ dreams no mortal ever dared to
dream before.” It inspired Whitfield with a fer
vent zeal which enabled him to stir the fires of
enthusiasm in breasts where slavish devotion to
meaningless forms had long reigned.
But whatever energy and power Goodness may
here po sess, it is not of the earth, earthly, and ,
the final consummation of its glory the world
will never see. Here it oftenest seeks its walks
in the vales of humility, and strives not to lift
its head among the mighty magnates before whom
nations bow their heads. When, however, all the
insubstantial fabrics of time shall have passed
away, Goodness shall ascend to its heaven and
home and shine in everlasting splendor before
the throne of God.
It may be said of ladies, as well as of vessels,
that if they are well manned, they are very cer- ;
tain to be well rigged.
Yes, but the misfortune is, they generally con
trive to be well rigged, let the other part of their
outfit be as it may. Many a poor bark lias gone
down beneath the waves of bankruptcy on ac
count of this superabundance of rigging. This
penchant is one of the last that should lie named in
an eulogy on woman.
We most cordially invite all who have the dis
position and ability to write, to contribute to our col
umns. We are assured that there are men and women
in Georgia, who, if they would write, might enable us
to get up one of the very best Literary Journals in our
country. Will you not help us? We do not wish pa
pers of great length. Let them be “ short and sweet.”
CLIPPED ITEMS.
A line may be remembered when a chapter is forgotten,
Captain John Dickson died at his residence near
Sparta, on Thursday, 24th December, in the 69th year
of his age. He was perhaps the largest holder in the
State. Several years ago he paid tax on about 35,000
acres of land lying in different parts of the State.
Judge of the Cherokee Circuit.— Hon. Leander W.
Crook, of Whitfield county, has been elected Judge
of the Superior Court of the Cherokee Circuity by a ma
jority of between two and three thousand.
Mr. Lovick P. Allen, formerly a citizen of Tuskcgce;
Ala., committed suicide at Greenville, Butler co., Ala.,
on Tuesday evening, sth inst., by hanging himself with
a handkerchief. Pecuniary embarrassments are as
signed as the cause of this melancholy event.
Oldest Married Couple Living. —There is now liv
ing in Burnside, Pennsylvania, a Mr. Ludwick Snider,
111 years old. His wife Jane is 107 years old. The
date of their marriage is not given, but supposing that
Ludwick was twenty-one years old at that distant epoch,
they have been living together as man and wife ninety
two years! v
Rousseau was one day showing his Ode to Posterity
to Voltaire. “Do you know” said the sage, “lam
afraid your ode will never be forwarded to its address.”
Suicide. —The Eufaula, Ala., Native, learns, from a
passenger who came up the river on the steamer Wave,
that Mr. Frank Ely, a prominent citizen of Marianna,
Florida, committed suicide a few days ago. The cause
of this act of desperation is unknown.
It is said that Gen. Concha, Gov. of Cuba, has made
over five millions of dollprs within the last five years, as
his per eentage from the sale of cargoes of slaves that he
allowed to land.
Georgia Military Institute. —Gov. Brown has ap
pointed the following gentlemen as Trustees of the In
stitute for the present year: Hon. David Irvin, of Cobb;
Hon. Charles J. McDonald, of Cobh; Hon. David Ardis,
of Cobb ; Hon. of Richmond ; Capt. Wm.
T. Wofford, of Cass.
Never use harsh words towards either friend or foe ;
for, as the Arabian proverb says, “ Curses, like young
chickens, come home to roost.”
All the works, whether good or evil, that any man
does, are estimated in Heaven according to the state of
mind in which he does them.
Precept is instruction written on the sand—the tide
rolls over it and it is gone. Example is engraven on
the rock, and defies the ravages of time.
Could some men hear the eulogies pronounced upon
their characters for moral honesty, after their death,
how they would shriek and howl as they lay in their cof
fins !
Salaries of the Governor and Judges.— The Gov
ernor’s is increased by the late law to $4,000, and the
Judges of the Supreme Court to $3,500, and the Judges
of the Superior Court to $2,500. The salaries will be
drawn prospectively.
A poor Spaniard had his head cut off for making a
present of a pair of stockings to the Queen of Spain.
“ Put him to death,” cried the Royal lady, “ how dare
he presume to conclude that queens have legs!”
CHOICE SELECTIONS,
rirt: cLONisr. year.
BY OF.O. D PRENTICE.
; Os midnight's’holy hftftr, and silence now
Is broiling like a gentle spirit o’er
f l fie still ami pulseless world. Hark on the winds
The hell’s deep tones are syvelling—’tis the knell
Ot the departed year. No funeral train
Is, sweeping past—yet on the stream and wood.
\\ ith melancholy light the moonbeanis'rest t
Like a pale, spotless shroud— theair is stirred
As by a mourner’s sigh—and on yon cloud
Thai iloats so still and placidly thro’ tlie heavens
The Spirits ol the Seasons seem to stand.
Young Spring, bright Summer, Antum’s solemn form.
| And \V inter with iiis aged locks and breath
In mournful cadences lliat route abroad
Like the far wind harp's wild and touching wail,
A melancholy dirge o'er the dead year,
< lone from the earth forever. •”
’Tis a time
For memory and-for fears. Within the deep
Si ili chambers of the heart, a spectre dim.
W itose tones are like the wizzard voice of Time,
Heard ironi the tomb of Ages, points its cold
And solemn linger to the beautiful
And holy visions that have passed away,
And left no shadow of their loveliness
On the dead waste of Itfe, That spectre lifts
Ihe colli in -lid ol hope, and Joy and Love,
And, bending mournfully above the pale
Sweet forms that slumber there, scatters dead flowers
Over what has passed to nothingness. The year
.las gone, and with it many a glorious throng
Ol happy dreams. Tts mark is on each brow,
Tts shadow with each heart. In its swift course
It waved its sceptre o’er the beautifnl,
Ami they are not. It laid its pallid hand
Upon the strong man—and the haughty form
Has fallen and the flashing eye is dim.
Hlrod the hall of revelry., where thronged
1 oe bright and joyous—and the fearful wail
Ol stricken ones is heard, where erst the song
And reckless shout resounded. It passed o’er
I he battle plain, where sword and spear and shield.
Flashed in the light of mid-day—and the strength
Os serried hosts is shivered, mid the grass,
Green trom the soil of carnage, waves above
i lie crushed and mouldering skeleton. It enme
And laded like a wreath of mist at eve ;
Yet, ere it melted in the viewless air.
It heralded its millions to their bourne
In the dim lands of dreams.
Remorseless Time—
fierce Spirit of the Glass and Scythe—what power
Can stay him in his silent, course, or melt
His stern heart to pity ? On, still on,
He presses and forever. The proud bird,
The condor of the Andes, that can soar
Through the heaven’s unfathomable depths, or brave
The fury of the Northern hurricane,
And bathe his plumage in the thunder’s home,
Furls his brond wings at night-fall, and sinks down
To rest upon his mountain crag—but Time
Knows not the weight of sleep or weariness,
And night's deep darkness has no chain to hind
His rushing pinion. Revolutions sweep
O’er earth, the troubled visions o’er the breast
Os dreaming sorrow—Cities rise and sink
Like hubbies on the water —fiery isles
Spring blazing front the ocean, and go back
To i heir mysterious caverns—mountains rear
To heaven their bald and blackened cliffs, and how
Their tall heads to the plain—new empires rise.
Gathering the strength of hoary centuries,
And rush down like the Alpine avalanche,
Startling the nations —and the very stars,
Yon bright and burning blazonry of God,
Glitter awhile in their eternal depths,
And like the Pieaid, loveliest of their train.
Shoot from their glorious spheres, and pass away,
To darkle in their trackless void—yet Time, * (
Time, the tomb-builderyholds his fierce career,
Dark, stern, all pitiless, and pauses not
Amid the mighty wrecks that strew his path.
To sit and muse like other conquerors,
Upon the fearful ruin he has wrought. ,
HOME.
“ * * ® “ What so sweet —
Ho beautiful on earth, and ah ! so rare
As kindred love and family repose.”—
• * ■ “ The busy world
With all the tumult and the stir of life,
Pursues ils wonted course ; on pleasure some,
And some on commerce, and ambition bent,
And all on happiness; while each one loves
One little spot, in which his heart unfolds
With nature’s holiest feelings, one sweet spot.
And calls it Home : If there is sorrow there
It runs thro’ many bosoms, and a smile,
Lights up in eyes around a kindred smile;
And if disease intrudes, the sufferer finds
Rest on the breast beloved.”
Pleasure, when it is titan’s chiefpurpo.se, disap
points itself; and constant application to it palls the fac
ulty of enjoying it, though it leaves the sense of our in
abiliiy for that wo wish, with a disrelish for everything
else.
Early Rising. —l would inscribe on the curtains of
your bed, and oil the walls of your chamber : “If you
do not rise early, you can make progress in nothing.—
If you do not set apart your hours of reading, if you suf
fer yourself or any one else to break in upon them, your
day will slip through your hands unprofitably, frivolous
ly, and unenjoyed by yourself.”— Lord Chatham.
Moral Courage. —The journals in various parts of
the country just now, tell of numerous cases of young
men committing ‘suicide’-‘not being able to get employ
ment,’, often leaving behind them “wife and children.”
It is difficult to say exactly how much physical courage
is required to cut one’s throat or blow one’s brains out
—but nothing is hazarded in saying that all such sui
cides are the worst sort of moral cowards, and as such,
perhaps they are as well out of the world.
When the blandishments of life are gone,
The coward sneaks to death—tlie brave live on.
Newspapers. Judge Longstreet, whose views on
all subjects are practical, and worth treasuring up, thus
sets forth the vaitte of a newspaper
“Small is the sum that is required to patronize the
newspaper, and most amply remunerated is the patron.
I care not how humble and unpretending the gazette
which he takesit is next to impossible to fill it fifty-two
times a year without putting into it something that is
worth the subscription price. Every parent whose son
is off from home, at school, should supply him with a
paper. I still remember what, difference there was be
tween-those of my schoolmates who had, and those who
had not access to newspapers. Other things being e
qual, the first were decidedly superior to the last in de
bate and composition at least. The reason is plain,
they have command of more facts ! Youth will peruse a
newspaper with delight when they will nothing else.”
Death of an “Old Tar.” — Thomas Penny died at
the Naval Asylum, near Philadelphia, on Monday, aged
81 years. This gallant tar was one of the crew of Com
modore Perry’s flagship Lawrence, and fought most
nobly on board that vessel until, owing to her disabled
condition, it was determined that Commodore Perry
should go on hoard the Niagara, when Penny was selec
ted as one of the crew of the boat that was to convey his
brave commander. The passage was effected amid a
storm of round shot and grape, which splintered many
of the oars and so shattered the boat that when it reach
ed the Niagara it was in a sinking condition. The
character of the fight on board the Lawrence, in which
this heroic seaman, Penny, acted his part with cool
and determined courage, may he gathered from the fact
that out of a crew of one hundred and three fit for duty
twenty-two were killed and sixty-tlnee wounded !
i ♦
Charity. —Night kissed the young rose, and it bent
softly to sleep. Stars shone, and puredewdrops hungup
on its bosom, and watched its sweet slumbers. Morn
ing came with its dancing breezes, and they whispered
to the young rose and it awoke joyous and smiling. —
Lightly it danced to and fro in all the loveliness of health
and young innocence. Then came the ardent sun-god,
sweeping from the east, and smote young rose with its
scorching rays, and it fainted. Now the gentle breeze
which had been gamboling over the sea, pushing on the
homebound hark, sweeping over hill and dale, by the
neat cottage and the still brook, turning the old mill, fan
ning the brow of childhood —came tripping along on her
errand of mercy and love, and when she saw the young
rose she hastened to kiss it, and fondly bathed its fore
head in cool refreshing showers, and the young rose re
vived and looked and smiled in gratitude to the kind
breeze ; hut she hurried quickly away, lor she soon
perceived that a delicious fragrance had been_ poured on
her wings by the grateful rose ; and the kind breeze
was glad at heart, and went away singing through she
trees. Thus charity, like the breeze, gathers tragrance
from the drooping flowers it refreshes, and unconscious
ly reaps a reward in the performance of its officeol kind
ness, which steals on the heart like rich perfume to
bless and to cheer.
Mirth should he the embroidery of the conversation,
not the web ; and wit the ornament of the mind, not the
furniture.
It is believed that Hon. Pierre Soule will he elected
He inter from Louisiana, in Place of Hon. J. P. Benja
min.
Thirty-nine shares of Georgia Railroad stock were
disposed of ajt administrtaor’ssalein Madison on Tues
day last, at front $1)0 to s9o} per share.
A difficulty occurred at Sylvanin, on Monday the 4th
inst., between Benjamin Herrington and Jerry Frawley.
The former cut the latter severely with a bowie-knife
so much so, that Mr Frawlsy’s recovery is very doubtful.
Cincinnati, according to an estimate of the Gazette,
has a population of 244,000 inhabitants, an increase in
ten years of over 87,000. The value of manufactures and
industry is set down at $80,000,000.
An immense store of rich knowledge is afloat in the
world, scat tered in paragraphs and odd corners of nearly
every monthly, weekly and daily periodical; and which
if collected together, culled and property arranged, would
form a column of useful information, invaluable Jo the
man of science, the professional artist, the mechanic, the
farmer, and the house-keeper.
4®“* ‘Joseph, where is Africa V ‘On the map,
sir.’ I mean* Joseph on what continent, the Eas
tern ov YVestcvn?’ Well the land of Africa is on
the Eastern, Continent, but the people all of em
are down South. ‘How do the African people live?’
‘By drawing, —‘ By drawing what, water ? ‘No,
sir, by drawing their breath.’ ‘Sit down Joseph.’
FARMER’S COLUMN.
COMWERCIAI,
Augusta Market, Jan. 21 — J P. M.
COTTON.—There was moro Cotton brought in to
day in wagons than wc have noticed on the streets'in
any one day for some weeks past. The planters evi
dently seem satisfied with prices, and are coming for
ward with their Cotton. The sales have been about
300 bags, at from 10 to 10} for Middling Fair to Fair.
SAVANNAH, .Tan. 20—4 P. M —COTTON.—We
have to report hut little enquiry to-day. and buyers more
disposed to ask concessions. Holders missing l the ac
tive demand prevalent tire last few days, manifest more
disposition to sell, and have offered more freely. The
few hales which hove changed hands do not indicate any
-decline, though prices are evidently a shade easier.
The sales foot 183 hales: 20 at 10]; 85’ at 10}; 22 at
105, and oti hales at 10? cents.
Augusta Prices Current.
WHOLESALE PRICES.
BACON.—Hams, pt it, 13 @ 14
Canvassed Hams, ‘0 ft 16 (fa 17
. Shoulders, ft It, 12 (a ]3J
Western Sides. p) It, 1J @ if,
Clear Sides, Tenni, “ft p, 00 ’ fit 00
Ribbed Sides, ‘f It, 14 @ 1.-,
flog Hound, new, ||, iq (, t qq
FLOUR.—Country ‘ft 1,1,1 525 fit (i 00
Tennessee ft 1,1,1 f> 02 ■@ 5 <;o
City Mills ft bid 575 fa) 750
Etowah “ r t 1,1,1 r, 00 @7 50
Denmend’s j-t 1,1,1 f, 00 @7 50
Extra ‘ft 1,1,1 700 @7 50
GRAIN.—Corn in sack ft hush 55 @ 60
Wheat, white ft hush 1 15 @ 1 20
Bed r > If, 95 (q. 1 05
Cats ft bush (it) @ 70
Rye ‘;r> hush ’7O (a) 75
Reas ft hush 75 (and 85
Corn Meal f hush 65 fa 75
IRON.—S\vedes i ft It, 5} fa; 5?
English, Common, ft It, 34 @
“ Refined, ft !L 3? @
LARD.— ‘ft It, 12 fa 14
MOLASSES.—CuIm ft gal 30 @ 35
Q 1 ’ ( “m V ft 50
Sugar House Syrup ft'gal 45 (and. 50
Sy '" p ft h'al 40 @ 50
SUGARS.—N-; Orleans pt p, @
Porto Rico ‘ft 11, 8 ‘ @ 8}
Muscovado p, i, („.
Refined C It, n (4 U l ,
Refined B ‘ft It, n @ 12
Refined A pt ft, 11} @ 12}
Powdered ‘ r > tt, 12 (a, 12
s-ATm l0 ’ ft U) 12 @ 13
SAL 1. ‘ft sack 1 00 fa 1 00
The American Cotton Planter and Soil of the
South, one oftlie neatest and most ably conducted Ag
ricultural Journals of which our country can boast,°is
always punctual in making its appearance on our table.
Ihe last number, which is now before us. contains a
number of articles that we would like to notice separ
ately if we lmd space. Its price places-it within the
reach of every farmer, and certainly there is none whom
it would not benefit.
The Southern Cultivator gained, the first year of
its publication, a reputation which ten years have not
in the slightest degree impaired. For the present year,
it promises to maintain that high degreo"of excellence
which lias marked it during the past. Os these two
Journals the South should surely feel proud, and let
that pride cherish and sustain them.
('liinctic Sugar Cane.
The Morus Mulficaulis, Gama Grass, Chili Clover,
Oregon Pea, &c., introduced into the United States, at
times, have proved failures, and induced asus
picion of everything new in the way of field and gar
den produce. The Chinese Sugar Cane met this recep
tion twelve months ago. Being, however, widely dis
tributed and planted, on a small scale, in most of tbe
Southern and Middle States, sufficient evidence to de
cide its merits has been accumulated. The summing
up of that testimony is unexpectedly favorable 10 its
taking rank, as a valuable crop, in all the States south
of New York.
Allowance must l,c made for the extravagance to l,e
found in some of the statements of its utility. Some
claim great value for all parts ot it—leaves, stalk, seed
and juice. Our own estimate ol the first three, is not
very high. The leaves are rather small, situate! far
apart, and, on account of the long sheath enveloping the
stalk, are not easily gathered. Few planters will take
the trouble to save them for fodder. The’ stalk, ifthor
oughly crushed by the mill, have not sweetness enough
left in them to make brandy, as claimed by some.
They do very well, though, for hogs—they chew them
greedily. The seed alone, are too rough and astrin
gent to make very good food for stock ; for flour, we
should think them not at all adapted.
But making due abatement for the above, the juice
of the Chinese Sugar Cane is certainly very valuable.
Fine syrup has been made from it in Georgia, and oth
er States, as far North as Ohio. Most of the boiling
has been done in a very rude manner, and the syrup has
been either burned, or imperfectly freed from the broken
fibres and bitter extractive matter of the stalk and
leaves. Slower boiling will remedy the former, and
the substitution of soda lor lime, as a purifier, may im
prove the latter. We. however, need more experience
in all the details of boiling; another year will clear up
many difficulties.
The juice will probably not. yield sugar. We have
a few rather conflicting accounts of its granulating.
The Northern States have long envied our monopoly of
sugar-raising from'the eommon'eane, Jand they have,
during the past year, anxiously and thoroughly tested
the capabilities of the Chinese cane in this respect.
Their very meagre success is a virtual yielding oftlie
question.
It becomes every planter in Georgia, to devote a few
acres to this new plant, during the present year. It is
capital food for his stock. If he wishes to make syrup,
he may buy a cheap mill and boiler; or one may put up
more permanent arrangements, and grind and boil for a
neighborhood. The large supply of syrup from this
source, will save the money usually expended lor this
article, and will materially reduce the prices of sugars
and syrups from the common cane. . ERNEST.
Wc arc also indebted to our friend “ Ernest ” for the
following clipping from the Saturday Evening Past:
CLEAR SYRUP FROM SORGHUM.
All sorts of experiments have been tried with the Chi
nese sugarcane this year. We are all going to become
sugar planters, and are now in the apprentice state —
learning the best modes ofcultivating thecane andman
unfacturing it into molasses.
We shall continue to extract the most important facts
from the details communicated hv different individuals
to the different papers, so that our readers may lie fur
nished with an abstract of the most important facts and
conclusions brought forward in this interesting stage of
the business. Win. Tenney, of Henry county, Ala.,
gives some ol his experience in raising the c.nne and
manufacturing the sugar, in the Cotton Planter and
Soil of the South.
He planted an acre of pine land, harvested 20 bush
els of seed, 1,000 pounds of fodder from the leaves, and
100 gallons of first-rate, pure syrup.
He says “ the juice expressed from the stalks isofan
opaque green color, occasioned by the presence ot a con
siderable quantity of vegetable extract, held in mechani
cal mixture in the saccharine juice.” This matter comes
from the green rinds and parts of leaves encircling the
stalk.
“Now, the great difficulty,” says lie, “in making a
large yield of syrup, is to get rid oftlie green vegetable
extract, and the acids of the juice; for the residue, pare
transparent juice, will make transparent syrup.
“It is fortunate for us in this process, that phosphoric
and sulphuric acids abound in the rind and leaves, and
are in dose union with the green vegetable extract oftlie
juice, which wc have to get rid of before making good
syrup.”
“In order to accomplish this,” lie says “I*first added
lime to 120 gallons of the juice, and only made 20 gal
lons of the syrup, with a greenish tinge. Lime will
neutralize the acids, hut the specific gravity ot its com
pound with the acids is too great for them to rise and
remain on the surface ol the juice to he skimmed off.
This failed. Almost everybody will follow this pro
cess this year, and fail to make a large yield of clear
syrup. _
“ It next occurred to me to try super carbonate of soda,
ara purifier and neutralizer. It - proved to he all wc
could desire. Having filled a boiler with juice (150 ga
llons,) and applying a moderate fire, as soon as gentle
boiling commenced, and the first general skimming had
been done, I took 2 pounds of the super carbonate of soda
by the side oftlie kettle, and mixing one tea-spoonful
with half a pint of cold water, poured it into the boiling
juice.
“ The alkali (soda) rapidly combining with the phos
phate and sulphuric acid, abounding in the green vegeta
ble extract, the compound foamed high over the surface
ofthe juice, but soon subsided into a dark greenishscum
floating on the surface. In a few minutes this scum be
comes of a thick consistency, and can be removed by
perforated ladles or ski.mnois without losing any juice.
—— ‘ ” ‘ ‘.
This process of pouring into she kettle flLjuice, nt
a pint of water with one of soda in soluth
must be repeated-e&cry 6or 8 ppd the scu
thrown off for 1 to 1} hours if necessary; at least un
the 2 pounds of soda lias been
skimming process a gentle fire must f>£ and tfj
juice must not. ho allowed 1 6 come boihi
over llie entire surface. Inn only at two sides at farthest
Two to three pounds ol soda are sufficient for 150ga
lons of juice, according as it is fully ripe or, pot. Bea
in mind that this adding of ‘soda nnd skimming, nuts
be continued until all the green coloring vegetable ej
tract is thrown out ofthe kettle in the form of scnirt
which will bo indicated by the juice now b#£oming of j
light transparent color. vYs Sofffi as this is perceived t<
be the casd, boil down to the syrup point, and strike of
into coolers. U rV
“By this process. HiO gallons of good, ripe juice wil
make 40 gallons of good syrup, that is-1 gallon to 4oi
juice. ‘l'hc reason of this is obvious. By the old pro
cess.of lime, as its compounds with the aeids are too
heavy to float as scum, a higher point of ebullition is
required, when the foqm is ski|pipe3 off wnieTi contains
a large portion of the juice.
“The pure juice is like ■fcni&lS the pure
syrup is like eastor oil in appearance.
* * A slight burning of she saccharine par-;
tides gives an amber color to the best of syrup.”—Sat
urday Evening Post. ‘■ ■ ‘■ n
r ■ •- 1
JK®**We subjoin below a continuation of the list of
Acts passed by the last General Assembly, 1 lie first por j
lion of which appeared in our last issue :
32. To repeal an act to provide for the election or!
trustees of Effingham county Academy, and for other!
purposes, approved March 4th, 1.856.
33. To compensate the Grand and Petit Jurors of the 1
county of Murray, . ?■,
31. To consolidate the offices of Tax Receiver and j
Collector, so far as ic relates to the county of Union, and ]
for other purposes theidn mentioned.
35. To legalize the adjournment of Lee Superior ■’
Court.
36. To change and alter she lines between the counties
of Worth and Colquitt.
37. F'or the relief of Nancy Morrow of Henry county.
38. To incorporate the Ocmulgee and Altamaha
Steam Navigation Company.
39. To incorporate the New Manchester Manufactur- ’
ing Company.
40. To make the elections of Tax Receiver and Col
lector of Decatur county biennial, instead of annual, and
to double the amount of bond given by them.
41. For the relief of Thomas J. McGaugey of Walton
county. ‘
12. Tr> authorize tie Justices ofthe Inferior Court of
Gordon county to levy an extraordinary tax, &,c.
43. To give’ additional powers to the Justices of the
Peace for 872d District G. M.
44. To empower the Justices of the Inferior Court or
a majority of them, of Wayne comity x to. levy an extra
tax for Court-house purposes.
45. For the rdief of Mrs/fclizabeth Thompson of El
bert county, and to repeal conflicting laws in her case
only.
46. To alter and amend the road laws of this Stale, so
far as relates to the counties of Decatur and Lumpkin,
and for other purposes.
47. For the relief of Elizabeth Coleman, a colored
woman.
48. To incorporate the Hilliard Male Institute in Mon
roe county, and to appoint trustees for the same.
49. To compensate she Grand and Pctn Jurors of the
several counties therein mentioned, and for other pur
poses.
50. To repeal an act to incorporate the Sweet Water
Manufacturing Company, hut to continue the corpora
lion to collect and pay its debts.
51. To legalize to the inient therein specified the pro
bate of the will. -
52. To repeal an act to authorize the Justices of the
Inferior Court of she county of Fannin, Telfair, Clinch
and Walton to lay off'said counties into School Districts,
to appoint trustees for the same, and to provide for the
election of Treasurers for each ofthe said Districts and
for other purposes therein mentioned. Approved March
6th, 1856.
53. To re-establish the 100f,th District G. M. in the
county of Decatur and to legalize the Judicial acts there
of.
54. To repeal ihe lien laws, so far as applies to the
Steam Saw Mills, at and upon the several mouths of the
Altatliaha River.
55. To regulate and define the time of holding the Su
perior Courts of several counties of the Cherokee Cir
cuit, to authorize the Judge of said Courts to hold two
weeks court in Gordon and Catoosa counties and todraw
two panels of Jurors to serve in the counties of Gordon
and Catoosa.
56. To establish and incorporate a Female College in
the city of Marietta, to he called the “ Marietta Female
College,” and to confer powers on the same with certain
rights, powers and privileges.
57. To alter and change the road laws so far’as[relates
to the county of Glynn.
58. To alter and amend the several laws relative to
the poor school system so tar as relates to the counties of
Gordon and Gilmer.
59. To amend an act to incorporate the Canton Min
ing Company of Georgia. Approved Dec. 17th, 1855.
60. To prohibit slaves nnd free persons of color in the
town of Warrenton, Warren.county, from keeping eat
ing houses and eating tables in said town, and the town
of Thoniaston, Upson county.
61. Giving the election ofthe Treasurer of the county
of Wayne to the people. *
62. To authorize and require the Justices>of the Infe
rior Court of Decatur county to order the payment of
the Superintendents, Clerks and those who consolidate
the returns of elections of sard county for their services.
63. To allow compensation for transcribing the Nu
merical land Books in the Executive Department.
64. To require the Ordinary of Macon county to pay
Win. Londed, Silas Stokes and E. ,T. Eason all arreara
ges, and for the tuition of poor children in said county.
65. To prevent the killing ol deer at certain periods of
the year in the county of Screven.
66. To repeal an act to amend the patrol laws of this
State, approved 20th January, 1854, so far as relates to
the county of Gwinnett.
67. To compensate witnesses attending Justices’
Courts in the county of Catoosa, and to compensate Jus
tices ofthe Peace in said county for certaiii services.
68. To permit the Clerk of the Superior and Inferior
Courts in the county of Lincoln to hold the office and
discharge the duties of Justice of the Peace in said coun
ty.
69. For the relief of Thomas J. Millet oftlie county
of Bibb.
’ 70. For the relief of John Atwell.
*7l. For the relief of Andrew T. Rowe oi’ Greene coun
ty.
72. To incorporate the Western Baptist Association,
and to amend the charter of the Southern Female Col
lege of LaGrange.
73. To incorporate the United Hebrew Society ot Ma
con, Georgia.
74. To he entitled an act, to amend the 3d section of
an act, entitled an act, to repeal ait a£t entitled an act to
extend the civil jurisdiction ofthe Justices of the Peace
in the city of Savannah, and for oilier purposes.
75. To incorporate the vigilance Hose Company, the
Milledgcville Telegraph Company, the Sparta Tele
graph Company, the Warrenton Telegraph Company,
and to extend certain privileges to Young America Fire
Company No. 3.- ■
76. To amend the charter of the Macon and Bruns
wick Railroad Company, and to define more particu
larly the powers and privileges of said company, and for
other purposes. . , , . . .
77. To reduce the Sheriff Bonds in the copntics ot
Towns, Camden and Haralson.
78. To alter and amend an act, entitled an act to pro
tect the planters ot Oyster beds and give^exclusive eight
to the usufruct of natural beds ot Oysters in ceitain casi s
and to prevent the taking of terrapins at cer
tain seasons, approved Feb. 18th, 1856.
79. To point out the mode ol paying the lees ot the So
licitor General of the Eastern Judicial District in Chat
ham county in certain cases and for other purposes.
80. To authorize nnd require tho Justices of the In
terior Court of Warren and Burke counties to draw two
panels of Jurors from the Jury boxes of said counties,
and for other purposes.
81. To authorize tlie Clerk's ol the Superior and Infe
rior Courts and Ordinary of Charlton county to keep
their offices at their residences if within six miles of the
Court-house.
82. To amend an act approved Dec. 17th, 1851, entitled
uu act to grant corporate powers and privileges to the
Curtright Manufacturing Company.
83. To render certain the compensation of teachers of
poor children of the respective counties of this Btate and
to secure to poor children the benefits of she poor school
funds.
84. For the relief of James E. Williams of the city of
Atlanta.
85 For the relief of Lewis Jones; Richard Turner
and Solomon Hart of Harris county. ±
86 For ihe relief of Win. L. Gordon oftlie county of
Spalding.
87. To authorize the Clerk of the Superior Court of
Columbia county to do and perform the duties of the
Clerk ofthe Inferior Court of said county of Columbia
under certain circumstances.
88. To lay out and form anew countv from the coun
ties of Ware and Appling, and to provide fov : the organ
ization of the same.
89. To designate the brigade and the division ofthe
Georgia Militia to which tnc county of Terrell belongs.
90. To appoint an additional commissioner of the
Greene and Pulaski Monument Fund.
91. To authorize Joseph E. Dent and John T. Dent,
executors ol tlic last will and testament of William B.
W. Dent, deceased, to sell the lands belonging to'the
estate of said W. B. W. Dent, deceased, at private sale
and to make valid aud legal conveyances for the same.
And also to extend the pioxisions-of said act tp Robert
M. Gunby of Muscogee county, administrator ofß. T.
Bethune, deceased, late of Chattahoochee eounty.
92. To regulate the courts of Ordinary of this State
so far as relates to the county of Miller.
93. To authorize the drawing of additional’ panels of
Grand and Petit Jurors for the Superior Courts of
Dougherty county.
94. To lay out anew county from the counties of
Cherokee, Cobh and Forsyth and for other l purposes.
95. For the relief of Peter (foie of Gilmer county.
96. To lay out. and organize anew eounty out of a
portion of the county of Warren.
97. To incorporate the American Atlanta Screw
Steamship Company. . ■
98. To authorize Malone Biddell of the county ol
Charlton, to peddle, without paying arifix for the same.