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LITERARY temperance tru.md^r, PENFIELD, GEORGIA. Q/'&iMUay Q-’ffoincny, o/tfUcmfsi ~3, fsss. I*. 1,1 N<”<)fANVKAXKY~~ K I >IT() 1 { Samuel IT. Smith, Ksq., has retired ’J(rthe Editorial management of the Cavtersville Kcpress. ?>r. Wiliam P. Goldsmith succeeds him in the future management of the paper. Benjamin F. Chew, an old and respected citizen of Augusta, died in that city on the 10th instant. Mr Chew was a native of Savannah, but had re sided in Augusta for over thirty years. lie was ’\i> years old. The Board of Trustees of LaGrange Female College have elected to the Presidency of that Institution, Rev. W. J'. Sasnett, I>. IX late Pro fessor of English Literature in Emory College, which appointment he has accepted. - Arthur's Home Magazine for October contains a beautiful engraving, many elegant fashion-plates and much choice reading. This monthly has rapidly progressed in popular favor for several years past. Price, S2 a-year; 4 copies, $-3. The illustrations of the miracles in the October number of Ghdetfs Lady's Booh are very line, and embellished pattern for patch-work elegant, j aspires to surpass all the monthlies in the 1 favor of the ladies; and, from what we can learn, he does not fall much short of his ambition. Price, $3 a-year. It is said that when earth is flung to the sur face in digging a well, plants will spring up which are not found in the surrounding country; seeds have quickened in light and air which had lain buried during unknown ages—no unapt illustra tion of the way in which forgotten things are brought up from-the bottom of one’s memory. The following contains much practical wisdom, as do all Arabian anecdotes: “One evening, we are told, after a weary march through the desert, Mahomet was camping with his followers, and overheard one of them saying, ‘1 will loose my camel, and commit it to God;’ on which Mahomet took him. ‘Friend, tie thy camel, and commit it to Godthat is, do what ever is thine to do, and then leave the issue with God.” When a man has anything to speak or write, it done in a plain, simple manner. If or nament be desired, let it be of such a character as to conflict neither with symmetry or sense. Long, unnatural, artistically formed sentences can never produce conviction or awaken admira tion?* A thought must be plainly and directly expressed, if it would be forcible. With some, obscurity answers for depth; but with all whose opinions are valuable, it is quite the reverse. < i The editor of the Fredericksburg News, writing oneofhis lively letters from the Green brier White Sulphur, draws it as follow's: “Here we are, a community of seventeen hun* dred, nobody working, all well dressed with nothing to do but to enjoy themselves —all rich apparently, and by reputation! Would you be lieve that a man came here to find a poor girl for a wife and couldn’t find one ? They are all weal thy aristocrats. One lady was here for two weeks who wore three different dresses every day and left because her other trunk had not arrived and she would have to wear a dress a second time. To see five thousand dollars worth of diamonds, lace, sc„ on one lady at a ball, is not considered remarkable.” Some persons are so intensely egotistical, that they seem utterly unconscious that there is any body in the world but themselves. What others feel is to them a matter of total indiffer ence or supreme contempt. They are too self important to be vain. They are satisfied with the conception Os their own greatness, and conse quently crave neither flattery or admiration. If they are polite, it is a mere accident of manner— not the result of intention ; if rude, it never es capes them that they have been guilty of an im propriety. When a man has attained this point of self-estimation, he is prepared to walk through a raging noonday heat and declare there is no sun. There are now- two, some say three, comets to be seen nightly in our hemisphere. One of these can be seen in the north-western part of the heavens, about ten degrees above the horizon, in a line with the two stars called the Pointers, and forming nearly a right angle betw’een these and Arcturus. It is now’ best seen at four o’clock in the morning. The Albany Atlas says: “It is now only one hundred and forty millions of miles distant, and is vevy rapidly approaching the earth, and already shows through a common opera glass aw'ell defined tail. We are told that, during the first week in October, the comet will be of the most striking brightness, possibly the largest of the century, ajid at that time will be seen near Arcturus.” Another is to be seen in the sun about four or j five o’clock in the morning, a few degrees above | the horizon. We have seen no conjecture as to what comets these are, or whether or not they are recognised at all by astronomers. Says the Augusta Dispatch : “The Superior j Courts of the various counties are now in progress 1 from week to week, and from what we have been able to learn, the prospect is that there will be a pretty strong delegation sent to Milledgeville. In Gwinnett county, last week, three persons were convicted,as follows: John Roper, for negro stealing, six years in the Penitentiary ; Nelson Hobbs, for stealing a bunch of factory thread, sent for two years; Wm. Garner, for larceny from the person, sent for three years. At Morgan Superior Court, Geo. M. Griffin, of Savannah, was convicted of conspiracy to rob and burn the store of C. W. Richter and sentenced to the Penitentiary for one year. This was a case of a novel :ftid interesting character. Mr. Griffin had occupied ahigh position in society, and had an interesting family. The case had been in pro gress for two years, and strong hopes were enter tained by his friends that the testimony of the principal witness w’ould be impeached ; but after the witness hau been examined for nearly a whole day, we are informed that the friends of Mr. Grif fin considered the case hopeless, and he took the cars for home. He was apprehended on the train by Messrs. Ballard and Peacock, the indefa tigable Marshal and Deputy Sheriff, and brought back on the next train. The plot was chiefly carried on by means of correspondence; the party whose testimony con , victed him. receiving the letters'and answering them through a committee. The witness was to break open and rob the store—by means of a false key sent by the prisoner in a box of fruit —set fire to it, and meet Griffin at Millcn and divide the spoita The correspondence occupied a num ber of weeks, and resulted in his indictment, and after considerable deiay in his trial and convic | tion as above. 1 lie United States District Court will continue j in session a portion of the present week. The saihoad Anson Langs <t Cos , is on trial, f. R. R. Cobb spoke for plaintiffs fifteen hours, making one of his masterly efforts. Judge Law bad commenced his argument in reply when in formant left.” BWISUWJf OF CHARACTER. is a clever man,” we frequently hear said .1 1 of a person when he. is the subject of e<m i versation. It is. so common that we usually pass jt by unnoticed, considering it merely an oxpres | sion of individual opinion. We all, however, owe it to ourselves to form a proper estimate of those : with whom we arc thrown, and it is therefore a matter of much practical importance to find a rule by which character may be judged—the weights and scales by which their worth may be : weighed and their value determined. Each one . should do this for himself, untrammeled by pre. s judice, and unshackled by the opinions of others. There are only two sure tests bv which a man’s character may be judged : what he says and what lie does. Were those never discrepant, the task of estimating men would be light; for all speak and act enough to make themselves fully known. ■ Unfortunately, however, there are no two things so often irreconcilable. There are many who arc not dishonest or designedly hypocritical, who yet allow wide discrepancies to obtain between the principles which they avow and those which ; they exemplify. Under these circumstances, the best, indeed the only course which can be pur- j sued, is to adopt the time-honored maxim, that j “actions speak louder than words,” and leaving j out of notice what men promise, consider only • what they perform. In estimating men, we must not erect some high standard of excellence, and visit all who do not attain it with condemnation. Nor should we expect to find men ordinarily equal to the noblest j examples of human excellence which the world’s ; history has afforded. By looking for too much, j i men lose sight of that which is really good, and | become cynics or infidels. Deeply marked by ; the corruptions of sin is every element of our na ! lure. Mortality can assume no garb on which its stainings arc not found. He who searches earth to see some parag m of virtue, perfect and pure in every part, will search in vain. Delivering ourselves from the impression of any ideal, we should take human beings as they occur—full of faults—and if they have virtues, those virtues only subversive, and not eradicative of their vices. Consistency is a quality which we value highly, and place among the essentials to a perfect char acter. Yet, it is not, in itself, a virtue, and may j exist in a person from whom every trace of good- ! ness has disappeared. Pirates and highwaymen \ may be, and very often are, pre-eminently con- j sistent; that is, there is no contradiction between ! their principles and their practice. On the other hand, we very often find individuals very incon sistent, who are far from being wicked. Under the influence of their feelings and the force of circumstances, they perform much good that can not be adjusted together with that exact symme try which one would impress upon Ins work who planned its detail before begun. That there are phases in a man’s life which are irreconcilable, is not proof conclusive of dishonesty. Examine their nature first, and when one, or both, has been found to be evil, it will be time for condemna tion. A man’s talents must be considered in estima ting his worth, but we should be careful not to attribute to them more than a proper value. The manner in which they are employed, and the ends which they propose to accomplish, will ren der them the cause of condemnation or ground of praise. The talents of Hannah More, com bined with her piety, made her the ornament of the age in which she lived, and the glory of her sex throughout all coming time. Voltaire, with far more genius, exerted a much greater influence: but that influence was mischievous, and he left behind a name synonymous with all that is de testable in human nature. The one threw in her contribution to the cause of truth and humanity, unmindful if she were forgotten, did it but ac complish good. The other found nothing too holy to be immolated at the shrine of his ambi tion —nothing too pure to be devoted to his un righteous purposes. Making his own heart the test by which he judged the universe, he acknowl edged no good in Heaven, nor found none in earth. Posterity has made to both her award. She has sat in judgment over the philosophy of the daring atheist and rejected it, and now his unparaleled wickedness only saves him from ob livion. The history of mankind affords numer ous examples where high, ennobling mental pow ers and vicious, degrading principles are found in the same person. In all such cases, we should prefer the morally good to the intellectually great. We cannot always decide on the merits of an action, even when we know its whole bearing. Some men do ignorantly what they do highly. They bring about great results without being con scious of their own agency. Frequently, the ef forts which they make appear so well calculated to accomplish a certain end, that we are in doubt whether they are directed by their reason, or are mere passive instruments in the hands of Provi dence. Thus Henry the Vlllth, in the blind fury of his passions, dissolved allegiance of England to the See of Rome, and established the Reformation in his dominions. Assuredly vve would not assign this the same degree of merit as if it had been done by intelligent design. A good deed performed unintentionally does not differ from an accident, and possesses no moral character at all. Closely allied to this are those cases in which men j do good from selfish or otherwise impure motives. Instances of this kind are so numerous as to be past our numbering, and if enumerated, would, we fear, comprise most of the good deeds which i men perform. In eases like these, where we ! must approve the deed while we condemn the doer, it is no easy task to mete oi\t exact justice, and it is rendered still more difficult by that class of casuists who contend that a man is not amen able to his fellow men for his motives. This po sition is entirely erroneous, and is never practi cally adopted. We are really as much responsi ble to society for our motives as for our actions, and the only difference is, that one can, and the other cannot, be concealed. We cannot con demn a man to the pillory for flattering and cringing to the enemy whom ho despises, in or der to gain some advantage ; but we can, and do, express our disapprobation of bis course, and our contempt for his character. The conspirator who, for a given price, would betray his accom plices, might save a city or a kingdom from ruin; but what honest man could respect him or seek his companionship? The contemporaries of a man are not always the best judges of his worth. With them, per sonal, party or sectional prejudices may affect the justness of their decisions. While man is in life’s field of action, every other struggler consi ders him, in some respects, an adversary. The faults, the blunders, the direlections and omis sions are detected and censured with no merci ful leniency. But when the heart has grown still at the touch of death, and the clod lies on the ice-cold head, animosities die too, and justice is awarded. His character is viewed from a differ ent point, his merits and demerits compared, and apparent discrepancies reconciled. Frequently posterity reverses the decision of contemporaries, and sometimes falls into the opposite extreme. Almost every year our land rings with laudations for someone of the departed great, upon whom, while living, was poured all the bitter vitupera i tion which prejudiced malice could inspire, Oc -1 casionally the partisan warfare is continued after his death, and he becomes alternately the sub j ject of panegyric and calumny. Success is an index of merit, but notone which l can be accepted as infallible. Some of the no - | blest men who have ever lived, have been unsuc - | We might point to a host of such, whose names s the historic muse proudly records upon her pages. ; Others, who have pursued their schemes of selfish l ambition in open violation of every principle of I right, have accomplished .all their aims. Too of- ! ten, afiiid the dazzling glory of greatness, wc lose ! sight of the means by which it has been acquired. \\ e hear not the shrieks of the wounded and the groans of the dying when shouts of victory make the welkin ring. Success in wickedness only raises a man to a bad eminence, and does not render him worthy of our respect or imitation. YY e must form our ideas of men’s achievements by their moral complexion, and not by their suc cess. And in all cases, if', in writing history, we would nothing extenuate nor aught set down in malice, we must look at the shadow as well as the j sunshine. If we would rightly estimate those ; around us, we must consider their vices as well as ; their virtues. Doing so will not make ns misan thropes. It will rather give us a more elevated | opinion of our kind $ for if, on this unprejudiced ; survey, we find none whom we can adore as ! saints, we will at least learn not to despise all as hypocrites. “LIFE AUIONti THE LOWLY” IN N. FORK. The New York Tr iune tells the following story, and, as it will be observed, declares on its own I knowledge that “such facts are plenty:” “What! make shirts for nine shilling a dozen.” j “Yes sir; Indeed I can get nothing else to do!” “Nine shillings a dozen! nine cents apiece ; but how many can you make in a day ?” “One, sir, if I have my time ; but I have my little boy, two years old, and lie’s quite fretful this warm weather, so I do not always finish it, unless I can work at night.” “ And do you work at night sewing on these?” “I would sir, and do, so long as I can afford to; but, indeed, sir, what with feeding my four little ones, I cannot afford to buy candles.” “Four children ! Poor woman ; I fear you have a hard task to pay the landlord ! What rent do you pay?” “Four dollars a month sir.” “And you earn fifty four cents a week. How long have you lived here ?” ! “My husband died in March last. lie was a ! manufacturer of daguerreotype colors. We lived jup town then. But his long sickness consumed | what little money we had; and when he died, I I was obliged to sell most that we had in the house and come down here with my four little ones.” I “Your oldest boy is nine years ; you can scarce ly e irn more than will pay your rent. How do you furnish food for yourselves?” “This young woman pays three shilling a week for a part of the room. We had a silver plated teapot, sugar bowl and such like, and some spoons. For these I got nearly their value. I have sold everything I had beside. I have no more to sell.” The tears came into her eyes. Poor thing she could not help it. “Indeed sir. I would not have sent for you if the sight of my children in rags and hunger did not compel me to do so.” “Your rent is paid for this month ?” I knew it was, or she should notba tenint of that land lord. “Your children began to come to the school at the House of Industry last Monday, I believe, did they ?” “Yes sir; and I am very thankful for your kindness to them.” “Send them every day. They shall he fed and clothed, and wl;en rent day homes near, let us know.” “God bless you sir.” A heavy load of care withdrew from the mind, and a cloud from her face. Nine shillings per dozen for making with plaited bosoms, linen wristbands, and to be well made, for if a fl.iw can be picked in the workman ship, all the seamstress’ work goes for nothing. Do you believe it? It is a fact! We saw the shirts tr-day. We saw the care-worn and work worn mother and her children. We have heard that such facts were plenty. We know they are! Would some charitable ladies like to see the the same ? Let them go the House of Industry any day, for one hour, andjif they do not return to their homes with the heart ache, we are not true prophet. IIOIV TO TEACH THE ALPHABET. At a recent school meeting in Boston, Professor Emerson (not Ralph Waldo Arma) has something to sav of that which ho had seen of teachings in Europe during his travels: lie spoke of what lie saw in Dresden. He spoke of teaching the alphabet—of its usually be ing regarded as a drudgery, which he called a sad mistake. He cited an example of forty boys, seven years old, coming to learn their alphabet. It was taught by a man competent for a College President. He commenced by drawing a fish on the blackboard, and inquiring of the boys, “What is that?” One answer was “A fish ;” another, “ It is the picture of a fish ;” and another “It is the drawing of a fish.” “Right,” said the teacher to the last. They were then required to make a nice sentence about the fish. This being done, he then placed before them the letters that make the word. They were then required to put the letters together so as to spell the word. This was dene; also the making of the letters on their slates, forming the word. They were next re quired to draw the picture of the fish. This was the method of teaching the alphabet, by no nov ice, but by a most learned German scholar. This method of thoroughness was everywhere practiced in teaching—a little at a time, and constant repe tition. “The effect of this method,” said he, “was surprising.” How unlike is this method to that pursued in our primary schools. The teachers use no books in teaching. Consequently their minds were wholly on the matter ot teaching— watching the effect of their teaching upon the children. When their interest tired, their atten tion was directed to anew subject, and thus the happiest results are produced. T II ERE seems to be a convention mania abroad in our land. We hear of nothing but con- I ventions—religious, political, agricultural, com ! mercial, railroad and consultation conventions, ! in all of which much gas is expended and rotli ing accomplished. But the latest novelty now extant is a musical convention. An assembly of this name convened at Long Cane, Troup Cos. on Wednesday, the 12th inst. A reporter says: “The counties of Spalding, Pike, Meriwether. Harris, Muscogee, Troup, Heard, Coweta, Fay ette, Henry, Talbot and Upson were represented in the Convention by competent and skillful teachers of vocal music. From the various coun ties composing the Convention, there were about 75 members in attendance. The Sacred Harp is the text book of the Convention. The object of the Convention is, we understand, to be the promotion of a more uniform system of Music among the Churches, as well as the cultivation of social and friendly intercourse among the breth ren—a noble and praiseworthy calling. On Saturday, the Rev. James E. Evans, of La- Grange, preached ope of his soul-stiring sermons before the Convention, giving his views in full upon the importance of cultivating a greater fondness for the principles and science of Sacred Music. He did great credit to himself, as well as the subject under consideration. Next annual meeeting of the Convention will convene at Bethel, Meriwether Cos. Wednesday before the 2d Sabbath in Sept. next. iii> A Singing Mouse.— One of these little animals inhabits our office. For several years past he has made his home in it. He has become very familiar with all hands, and in broad daylight he can be seen playing around the feet of the com positors, or dancing about the cases, seemingly as little apprehensive of danger as if snugly away in his nest. The paste-cup is his delight, but he never objects to a bit of cake, or fruit with whieh his admirers occasionaly supply him. He is a most remarkable little animal. A piece of cake puts him in high glee, and when he has devoured it, he gets in a corner and sings like a canary bird, his note being as weet and melodious. Some times he will sing for an hour without intermis sion. He is a general favorite—does what he pleases with impunity—and is regarded as a sort of fixture in the office. Even while we are writ ing he is playing on the table, and is so tame he suffers himself to be handled without any show of fear.— Cumberland Telegraph, t j A STATELY ship was launched upon the wa • J\ ters. I'roudly her white sails spread when - filled with wind, and her prow scornfully dashed . aside the foam as slid plowed the billows. The s waves that met her sturdy sides rolled away bro ken. Many a heart swelled with pride ns she t weighed anchor, unloosed her canvass to the f breeze and floated majestically from iort. She • ; seemed destined for many a long voyage, fitted > to ride out many an angry gale. Onward she . j sailed, until no eye could discern her diminished • j outline on the distant horizon. Onward for liun ! j dreds of leagues over the billowy main she still “ walked the waters like a thing of life.” But the needle that guided her track was wrong. She hold on her course for hours and days in un | suspecting confidence: but in the watches of the j night, when darkness lmng upon the deep, she \ struck tqion a rock, and the gallant bark was ! scattered into fragments—a wreck. A tender babe lay within a mother’s arms, j Upon it she lavished alt the warm, , gushing love of her matenial heart, and for it she nightly lif ted up the tear-diunned eye to Heaven. Her fin ger was to trace the first lines on that mind’s blank page ; her guidance must direct those lit- | tie feet in their earliest steps. Ah ! mother, i tremble and take heed, lest those lines be crooked and erroneous. Years roll on, and that child has j become a man—a young man, upon whose cheek j the flush of health glows, and the light of intel lect beams forth in his gaze. The voice of ambi tion has summoned him to life’s battle field, and with a mother’s fervent blessing and tearful fare well still lingering on his eur, he departs. The sky above and around him is bright, all radiant with hope. Success seems almost within his grasp, while honor and fame and rest are just | ahead. But there stands the enchantress, Pleas-1 ure, offering in her kand a sparkling wine cup, which, in her syren tones, she bids him drink and let his heart be glad. He he tastes, and is forever wrecked. Another babe is at her breast, and on its face lie lines of beauty', soft and delicate as those that touch the petals of a fresh blown rose. It grows and becomes the merry, light-hearted girl, and then the graceful and lovely woman. Modesty clothes her around as a rich drapery that height ens every charm, while her heart is the abode of all those retiring virtues which seek retreat from public gaze. Admi.-ed by all for the beauty of her person, and beloved for the amiability of her temper, her path seems strewn with roses from which every thorn has been removed. Richest tributes of praise are daily paid her, and compli ments have fallen on her ear until they have lost their power to please. But there comes one upon whose tongue deceit is clad in language of stirring eloquence, and flattery falls in accents of meas ured sweetness, which she holds her breath to hear. She listens; she is swayed by his influ ence; she yields to liis power, and her happiness, her fortune and her fame are wrecked. Ah! there are wrecks in the moral, as there are in the physical world; wrecks which, in their consequences, as far exceed those which sunk Armadas as time i9 surpassed by eternity. Not until revealed by the light of another world will j we know, in all their terrors, the fate of wrecks that have sunk beneath the waves without a bub ble or groan. The Baltimore Republican concludes an essay upon the relative wealth of the North and South with these remarks: “The free whites of the South are individually more wealthy than their brethren in the North, though the wealth is undoubtedly in fewer hands, or is not so generally diffused iis at the North. But so much of the wealth of the South being in lands, many of them worthless, and in negroes, the people have less money and appearance of thrift and less luxuries than Northerners. They j do not live as fast, and are more content, like : Northern farmers, to have the comforts of life and are not heaping on themselves luxuries upon lux uries, like large numbers in the North. The wealth of the Southern States has increased rap idly within a few of the last years, as they have had large crops of cotton, for which they have re ceived a great yield. As they control the cotton market of the world* there is reason to believe that their wealth will increase in years to come. Then the South has an immense amount of un developed wealth in the mines of Virginia and Missouri, and other States; in numerous water falls’, in commercial advantages through the great rivers and smaller ones ; through them and the ocean; in vast regions of land that can be restored to lertility, andjjin immense tracts of virgin soil, I that has thus far remained untillcd, so that, if I she was compelled to become an independent re- j public, we know of no equal portion of the world j that would be ablo to become so really indepen- j dent of the rest of mankind.” THE DOORS OF THE HEART. Every person’s feelings have a front door and \ a side door by which they may be entered. The j front door is on the street. Some keep it always j open;, some keep it latched, some locked, some | bolted with a chain that will let you peep in ; and some nail it up, so that nothing can pass its tlireshhold. Tlie front door leads into a passage which opens an ante-room, and this into the in terior apartments. The side door opens at once into the sacred chambers. There is always at least ono key to this side door. This is carried for years hidden in a mo ther’s bo-: ore. Fatheis, brothers, sisteis and friends, often, bu 1 by no means universally, have duplicates of it. The wedding ring conveys a right to one; alas! if none is given with it. If nature or accident has put one of these keys into the hands of a person who has the torturing instinct, lean only solemnly pronounce the words that Justice utters over its doomed victim: “Lord have mercy on your soul!” You will probably go mad within a reasonable time, or if you are a man, run oft’ and die with your head on a curb stone in Melbourne or San Francisco; or if you are a woman, quarrel and break your heart or turn into a pale, jointed peti’ifaetion that moves about as if it were alive—or play some real life tragedy or other. Be very careful to whom you trust one of those keys to the side door. The fact of possessing one renders .oven those who are dear to you very ter rible at times. You can keep the world out from your front door, or receive visitors only when you are ready for them; but those of your own flesh and blood, or certain grades of intimacy, can come in at the side door if they will, at any hour and in any mood. Some of them have a Scale of your whole nervous system, and can play at the gamut of your sensibilities in semitones—touching the naked nerve pulps as a pianist strikes the keys of his instrument. lam satisfied that there are as great masters of this nerve play ing as Vieuxtemps or Thalberg in the line of performance. Married life is the school in which the most accomplished artises in which the department are found. A delicate woman is the be9t itstru ment, she has such ft magnificent compass of sent sibihties! from the deep inward moan which follows pressure on the great nerve of right to the sharp cry as the filaments of taste are struck with a crushing sweep, is a range which no other in strument possesses. A few exercises daily on it at home fit a man wonderfully'for his ha bitual labors, and refresh him immensely as he returns from them. No stranger can get a great many notes of tortue of a human soul; it takes one that knows it well—parent, child, brother, sister, inmate. Be very careful to whom you give a side door key; too many have them already.— I he. A niocrat of the Breakfast Table. Grace and Elegance. — Grace is, in a great measure, a natural gift; elegance implies cultiva tion, or something of more artificial character. A rustic, uneducated girl may be graceful; but an elegant woman must be accomplished and well trained. It is the same with things as with persons; we talk of a graceful tree, but of an ele gant house or other building. Animals may be graceful, but they can not be elegant. The move ments of a kitten or a young fawn are full of grace; but to call them elegant animals would be j absurd Lastly, “elegant may be applied to mental qualifications, which “graceful” never can, Elegance must always imply something that w made or invented by mam The general rule is, that elegance is the character of art; and grace, ! Ei>l C'A'i KI) I- A HMRRS arc said to be a want of our country : but notwithstanding the gen eral dissemination of knowledge, we see no pros pect of this desideratum being supplied. There arc many young men who are receiving high edu . cational advantages, who can succeed but poorly by their wits. They have not the ready shrewd ness, the keen, searching powers of analysis, and the bold eloquei:ce that will fit them for the bar: not the accurate scho'arship and .skill in discip line which fit for the school-room, nor the aptness to teach and sanctity of life which is requisite for the pulpit. Yet, without qualifications suited for the learned professions, they have good sense, would make excellent farmers, and, in that ca pacity, would make useful citizens. Hut, instead j of entering upon vocations to which their capaci ties arc adapted, they prefer being third or fourth rates in professions at which they can scarce make j their bread. j Many young men who have attended colleges : i or high schools think it humiliating to attend to | all the details of farming in person. They would j be glad to have well stocked farms, furnished ; with all the appliances for making money, but ! they would want them on scales large enough to authorize the employment of managers. If one : j c * l hcm has the meails, he buys a farm, furnishes j it, employs an overseer and then goes with his ! fal >ly to the nearest village for the sake of so ciety. 1 here, though nominally a member of a profession, he is, in nine cases out of ten, a mere lounger about town, and is fortunate if he escapes j tho foulest contaminations. Eve.n those who live j j on their farms aro at but little pains to become i | fully acquainted with the details of their business, I j and still fewer are studious to introduce improve- j | ments. They never think of analyzing the soil : and trying different systems of agriculture. Those wko have an ambition to accumulate wealth, em ploy what are termed rushing overseers, who are instructed to make largo crops at any risk. This, in a few years, reduces their land to the red clay, and they are compelled to move to the West, there to renew their destructive process. While this is the history of thousands, some are content to move on more slowly, but less surely ; for what of their ignorance and negligence they scarce make a support and keep their inherited prop erty together. Agriculture is not a business for which mind is so entirely non-essential as some suppose. The day when a man could turn the fruitful glebe, 1 plant, loosely cultivate and gather, has passed in all the older States. Anybody could# farm then, even though he were but a remove or two from idiocy. This is the case no longer. Now, he must bring to his aid a science far from easy of comprehension, if he would pursue this vocation with success and profit. Those who follow the extreme anti-look system of cultivating the soil of our worn out hills, may expect to change their condition oxdy by becoming poorer. We need educated farmers to renovate our wasted lands, and restore them to pristine fertility. Hut so long as every man of intelligence and informa tion crowds into some profession to the total neg lect of farming, so long will the agricultural ad vancement of our country be retarded. IRON. Francis ILorner once observed, after inspecting a steel manufactory, that ‘lron is not only the soul of every other manufacture, but the main spring perhaps of civilized society.’ John Locke even went so far as to aver that notwithstanding man’s extraordinary advancement in knowledge, we should in a few “ages, ‘were the use of iron lost among us, be unavoidably reduced to the wants and ignorance of the ancient savage Americans: so that he who first made known the use of that contemptible mineral, may be truly styled the father of arts and author of plenty. Nor will this viexv be deemed extravagant, if we reflect that | but for iron, man would be virtually witlmit tools, : since it is almost the only metal capable of tak ing a sharp edge and keeping it. Os the various I definitions of man by philosophers, not the least j forcible is that of ‘tool-making animal,’ for with | tools he tills the ground, builds dwellings, makes j clothes, prints books, constructs roads, manufac ! tures steam engines, and carries on the whole ! material business of civilization, on which its very highest developments in a great measure de pend. j The superiority of this metal over all others ! consists in the vast number ot purposes to which it can be advantageously aj plied, and the vari ous modifications of which it is susceptible in the process of manufacture. There is no other metal which could be so worked up as to serve equally i well for a needle and as shot for a ninety-eight j I pounder gun; as a surgeon’s lancet and a five ton ; | Nasmyth tilt hammer; as a spring of a watch the j size of a shilling, and the hull of a Leviathan j ! steamship; and which is alike indispensable in i the construction of a pair of scissors and an elec- j ! trie telegraph, a steel pen and a railroad, a mari- j | ner’s compass and a tubular bridge. The iron j machines of our manufacturers are driven by the iron steam-engines of Watt, and their products | are distributed over iron railroads by the iron ; locomotive of Stephenson. Intelligence is tele-! graphed to and from the ends of the earth by | means of the iron wire. Our Crystal Palaces are j built of glass framed in iron. We have iron ; roofs, iron houses, iron churches, iron bedsteads, i iron lighthouses, iron ships, iron palaces, and iron bridges. >*•••► Influence of Female Society.—lt is better for you to pass an evening once or twice in a lady’s drawing-room, even though the conversation is slow, and you know the girl’s song by heart, than in a club, tavern, or the pit of a theatre. All amusements of youth to which virtuous women are not admitted, rely on it, aro deleterious in their nature. All men who avoid female society have dull perceptions, and are stupid, or have gross tastes, and revolt against what is pure. Your club swaggerers, who are sucking the butts of billiard cues all night, call female society in sipid. Poetry is insipid to a yokel; beauty has no charms for a blind man; music does not please a .poor beast who does not know’ one tune from another; and as a true epicure is hardly ever tired of water sanchy and brown bread and butter, I protest I can sit for a whole night talk ing to a well regulated, kindly woman, about her girl coming out, or her boy at Eton, and like the evening’s entertainment. One of the great ben efits a man may derive from women’s society is, that he is bound to be respectful to them. The habit is of great good to your moral man, depend upon it. Our education makes us the most emi nently selfish men in the world. We fight for ourselves, we push ourselves, we yawn for our selves, we light our pipes, and say we won’t go out; we prefer ourselves, and our ease ; and ti e greatest good that comes to a man from a woman’s society is, that he has to think of somebody to whom he is bound to be constantly attentive and respectful.— Thackeray. SHARP SHOOTING. “Father, what does a printer live on ?” “Live on? like other folks ; why do you ask ? “Because you’sakl you hadn’t paid anything tor pour paper,” aiid the printer still sends it to yOU.” “Wife, spank that boy.” i “I shan’t do it.” < “Why ?” ~ i “Because there is no reason. . l “No reason? yes there is; spank mm, l ten ( you.” , • ~ “I won’t do any such thing. “He’s too smart.” 1 “That comes of marrying me. i “How so? What do you mean; 1 “I mean just this—the boy is smarter than his , father, ancl you can’t denyJt.” v “That’s queer talk, and 1 wish— “l don’t care what you wish. The boy knows enough to see that a man, printer or no printer, can’t live on nothing; 1 should think you’d be ashamed to cheat the poor printer and then—” Banggoes the door and out goes the fatlierand husband, grumbling like a bear with a sore head. ——: ii The Detroit Free Press says : “it is an actual fact, which cannot be contradicted with any truth that wo have a wilderness, uninhabited by hu man beings, and occupied hy the wild beasts of of the aboriginal forests, within five or six miles ‘ of Detroit, a ojty. of seventy thousand inhabi-, 1 tants. 1 : THE EXILE TO HIS SISTER. BY GEORGE r. MORIUS. As streams at morn, from seas that glide Rejoicing on their sparkling way, Will turn again at eventide, To mingle wih their kindred spray — E’en so the currents of the soul, Dear sister, wheresoe’er we rove, Will backward to our country roll, The boundless ocean of our love. You northern star, now burning bright, The guide which the wave-tossed steer, Beams not with a more cons'ant light Than docs thy love, my sister dear. From stars above the streams below Receive the glory they impart; sister, do thy virtues glow Within the mirror of my heart. ***** The grand jury of Coweta county recommended the total abolition of the Supreme Court of Geor- I g'a ! The head quarters of the United States Army i have been removed from West Point to New York ; city. A great step is gained when a child has learned ; that there is no necessary connection between ! liking and doing it. j Robert J. Cowart, of Georgia, has been ap : pointed by the President Indian agent for an agency in New Mexico. H. 11. AVI itcomb, Secretary of the National Typographical Union, died in New Orleans of yel low fever on the 3d inst. A marble bust of the late Thomas Crawford I (sculptor.) has been made by Signor Gagliardi, | and exhibited in Boston. When you bear the phrase, “I may say without vanity,” you may be sure some characteristic van ! ity will follow in the same breath. The late Rev. Dudley A. Tynghad insured his life in a London office for SSOOO. That amount has just been paid over to his family. What do you propose to Like for your cold ? said a lady to a sneezing gentleman. “Oh, I’ll sell very cheap; I won’t higgle about the price at all.’” Philip J. Fontaine, the Mayor of Key West, as well as United States naval storekeeper and act ing consul, died at Key West on the 28th Au gust. The new powder mill at Hazard’s works, in Enfield, Conn., exploded on the .afternoon of the 13th inst. Three workmen and a foreman were killed. “You need a little air,” said a physician to a i maiden patient. “If I do,’’ was the curt renlv, i I’ll wait till I’m married.” Bolus looked thoughtful. The New Testament is about to be published in the Couit dialect- of China, in one octavo vol ume, of about 150 leaves, at a cost of twelve or fif teen cents a copy. The Paris Academy of Sciences has again ad vertised its prize, amounting to about twenty thousand dollars, for the discovery of the cause and the effectual cure of cholera. The Salisbury (North Carolina) Watchman says that a gold mine has been discovered in that vi cinity, which, woi ked by four hands, yielded twcnty-fice pounds of pure yoU in ten /.lays. Byron F. Cook, Esq., a young lawyer in New Orleans, and the vice President ol the young Men’s Christian Association, died in that city, of the prevailing epidemic, on the 13tli inst. Col. James S. Wallace, formerly of the Phila delphia Sun, but recently a theatrical manager, is now associated with George D. Prentice, in the editorial charge of the Louisville (Ky.) Journal. A machine for breaking stone for macademizing, streets, was tried in Chicago last week. It was run by a ten horse engine and broke three cords of stone into “egg” size, and less, in sixty minutes. The son of a fond father, when going to war, promised to bring home the head of one of the enemy. His parent replied, “I should be glad to see you come without a head, provided you come safe.” Patrick Conney, of Boston, having failed to ful fil his engagement of marriage with Mary Done lev the young lady armed herself with a pistol, waylaid Patrick, arid shot him onWednesday eve ening. “Am I not a little pale ?” inquired a lady who was short and corpulent, of a crusty old bache lor. “You look more like a big tub,” was tlie blunt I reply. Work on the ClayTSlonument, at Lexington, Ky., is to be suspended after the 30th of the pres ent month, in consequence of the non-payment of subscriptions. The amount due is said to be SIO,OOO. j Among the receipts of the American Cotonizal j tion society for the past month was SO,OOO from I the estate of the late Gen. McKay, of North Car olina, for the emigration of the people sent under j liis will to Libera. Mrs. Lc Vert’s book of travels is so successful j that a second edition is called for. That lady in- I tends going to the Holy Land next season, and i will probably there collect matter for another of ! her graceful volumes. It is customary to speak of the State Executive jas “Governor by the Grace of God,” etc. A Cali ; forma paper, however, reverses the order of things | by calling “Colonel Weller, by the wrath of God, j Governor of California.” It is stated that by the recent death of Mrs. Mary Coggsweli Jarvis, widow of the late Leonard Jarvis, of Baltimore, a legacy amounting to about $20,000 becomes available to Harvard University, according to the will of her husband. Hon. A. B. Meek, of Mobile, is engaged in writ ing a history of Alabama. lie is well versed in the traditionary and historical records of our State—its discovery, conquest and settlement — and possesses fine literary taste and cultivation. The most desperate piece of coolness we Lave heard of was that- of a young gentleman in Wis consin, whose leg was recently amputated. IV bile the leg was being taken off, he coolly asked for a chew of tobacco, and inquired the price ol a cork leg. Mr. Murdoch of Meriden, Connecticut, not many nights since, thinking he heard burglars about, stepped out the door and fired a gun at a dark looking object before him. lie found tna he had killed one of his neighbor's cows worth SIOO. The Chattanooga Gazette says there is an abun dant mast crop this season. The oak. the beech, and the chestnut are all well filled with then-val uable fruit, Stock hogs will fair sumptuously this fall, and at a considerable saving to theowners of corn-cribs. The doctor’s fee in New Orleans, for a yellow fever case, is one hundred dollars, more or less, kill or cure. If taken in season, the doctor’s at tention is not required after the fourth day. One, two and three thousand dollars a week is no com mon amount of fees for a good yellow fever phy sician. lion. E. Ellis, wto has been forty years a mem ber of the British Parliament, is on a tour through the United States. Mr. Ellis isseventy-eiglityeara of age, hale, and hearty, and worth upwards of a million of dollars. lie travelled through the United States fifty years ago, this being his sec- . ond visit. The project has been started of giving a dinner to Mrs. Le Vert and Mrs. Anna Cora Ritchie, now in New York. Two hundred tickets are to be is sued—one hundred for ladies, and the remainder admitting gentleman. The price of entrance will be ten dollars, and the proceeds are to be devoted to the Washington enterprise. The novelty of >e the plan anti the great social popularity of tho two ladies, would ensuve it a brilliant success. The Church. —We see in a jeweler’s shop, that as there are peirls, and diamonds, and other pre cious stones, there are files, cutting instruments, and many sharp tools for their polishing; and while they are in the work house, they are con tinual neighbors to them, and come often under them. The Church is God’s jewel; his work house, where his jewels are polishing for his pal ace and house; and those he especially esteems, , and means to make most resplendent, hath often- I cat his tools upon.—.Lexobton,